EP3216673B1 - Railway assembly comprising a simplified interlocking system for a rail switch - Google Patents

Railway assembly comprising a simplified interlocking system for a rail switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3216673B1
EP3216673B1 EP17159869.1A EP17159869A EP3216673B1 EP 3216673 B1 EP3216673 B1 EP 3216673B1 EP 17159869 A EP17159869 A EP 17159869A EP 3216673 B1 EP3216673 B1 EP 3216673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
interlocking
state
switch
section
command
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EP17159869.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3216673A1 (en
Inventor
Stephane DESBLED
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L11/00—Operation of points from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle
    • B61L11/08—Operation of points from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle using electrical or magnetic interaction between vehicle and track
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L19/00—Arrangements for interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device, e.g. central control
    • B61L19/06—Interlocking devices having electrical operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/08—Underground actuating arrangements, e.g. for tramways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/10—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/10—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points
    • B61L5/107—Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points electrical control of points position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L7/00—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks
    • B61L7/06—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks using electrical transmission

Definitions

  • the general field of the invention is that of interlocking systems for a switching section of a railway track, in particular an interlocking system for a switching section of a tramway railway track.
  • FIG. 1 A known interlocking system is shown in figure 1 .
  • System 1 equips a track comprising a switch. This path successively comprises an upstream section 4, a switching section 10 and first and second downstream sections, 26 and 28.
  • the switch section 10 comprises an inlet section 14, the inlet of which corresponds to the outlet of the upstream section, the switch 15 itself, and an outlet section 17, the outlet of which is common to the first and second. downstream sections.
  • the system 1 comprises an interlocking device 30, which is a computer arranged near the portion of the track incorporating the switch, and a plurality of items of track equipment, controlled by the interlocking device.
  • track equipment designates both the sensor (antenna, axle counting device, etc.) or the actuator (motor to move the switch point) and its low level electronics. , which makes it possible for example to digitize the analog signal delivered by a sensor or to apply a signal adapted to a supply of the actuator.
  • the driver When approaching the switching section 10 from the upstream section 4, and knowing that he wishes for example to pass on the second downstream section 28, the driver triggers, through a suitable interface, the transmission, by the tram, a control message requesting that the switch be placed in the engaged position on the diverted track.
  • the tram As the tram passes directly above the antenna, the latter receives the command message and the communication equipment 40 transmits the corresponding command to the locking device 30.
  • the interlocking device 30 Upon receipt of the command, the interlocking device 30 first checks that certain safety conditions are satisfied. In particular, the interlocking device 30 verifies that the routing section 10 is in the “not interlocked” state.
  • the non-engaged state of the switching section is produced at each instant by the interlocking device 30 from the detection signals of the presence of a tramway generated on the one hand by the first upstream detection equipment and 'on the other hand by the second downstream detection equipment.
  • the switch section will be said to be in the “not engaged” state if neither of these two detection devices detects the presence of a tram. In all other cases, the turnout section will be in the "engaged" state.
  • the interlocking device executes the command requiring that the switch be placed in the position. interlocking on deviated track.
  • the interlocking device 30 reserves the switching section 10 by placing it in the “interlocked” state.
  • the interlocking device 30 transmits an actuation signal to the actuation equipment 42 so as to switch the switch 15 to the required position, in this case the diverted track position.
  • the switching device checks the current switching position of the switch and if necessary switches the switch needle to the diverted track position allowing the tram to circulate from the upstream section to the second downstream section.
  • the actuation equipment 42 transmits a signal confirming the engagement position of the switch to the engagement device 30.
  • the engagement device then sends a signaling signal to the signaling equipment 44 so that it indicates the current engagement position of the needle. Noting, from what the signaling equipment displays, that the section has been reserved for its passage and that the switch is in the required latching position, the tram driver engages the tram on section d. referral.
  • the interlocking device 30 places the routing section 10 back in the “not engaged” state.
  • the interlocking device 30 does not execute the command, but stores it in memory. It retries to run it periodically until the security constraints are verified.
  • the signaling equipment 30 displays a default signal indicating to the driver not to advance the tram on the switch section.
  • This interlocking system is quite complex and requires a large number of track equipment.
  • the invention relates to a railway assembly according to claim 1 and a method of using this railway assembly according to claim 6.
  • the system 101 equips a railway track 2 comprising a switch.
  • This track 2 successively comprises an upstream section 4, a switching section 10 and first and second downstream sections 26 and 28.
  • the switching section 10 comprises an inlet section 14, the inlet of which corresponds to the outlet of the upstream section 4, the switch 15 proper, and an outlet section 17, the outlet of which is common to the first and second downstream sections 28 and 26.
  • the system 101 includes an interlocking device 130 and a plurality of track equipment located along the track.
  • the interlocking device 130 is, for example, constituted by a computer rather than by an automatic relay type integrating a plurality of switches.
  • This computer comprises calculation means, such as a processor 132, and storage means, such as a random access memory 134, the storage means storing computer program instructions suitable for being executed by the processor 132.
  • the device 130 also comprises a plurality of input / output interfaces 142, 144 and 146, to which the different pieces of equipment of the plurality of track pieces of equipment are connected.
  • the device 130 is also equipped with a radiocommunication module 150 allowing the exchange of messages between a tram and the interlocking device 130, instead of a short-distance communication equipment of the type comprising an antenna. along the way.
  • the tramway T is therefore also equipped with a radiocommunication module 151 for establishing a temporary wireless link with the module 150. For example a link according to the WiFi protocol can be implemented.
  • the device 130 comprises a communication bus 160 connecting the various components.
  • Device 130 is therefore programmed differently to take account of this minimum set of track equipment and peripherals.
  • the device 130 is programmed to implement the operating method which will now be described with reference to figure 3 .
  • the operating method 200 includes a step 210, during which the device 130 periodically updates the state of the routing section 10 as a function of a current state of the routing section 10 and the signal generated by detection equipment 46 only.
  • the device 130 checks in particular whether the current state is the state “Engaged” or the “not engaged” state and, in the case where the current state is the “engaged” state, whether the detection equipment 46 detects or not the presence of a tram.
  • the switch section 10 passes into the state "not engaged”.
  • the device 130 waits for the reception of a command message for the engagement of turnout 15.
  • step 220 when approaching the switch section 10 from the upstream section 4, and knowing that he wishes for example to pass on the second downstream section 28, the tram driver triggers, through a adapted interface, the transmission, by the radiocommunication module 151 on board the tram, of a control message requesting that the switch 15 be placed in the engaged position on the diverted track.
  • the radio communication module 150 of the device 130 receives the command message for the switching on of the switch 15, it extracts the command therefrom and transmits it to the processor 132 of the device 130.
  • step 240 device 130 verifies that the command received can be executed.
  • This check consists of checking the current value of the state of section 10.
  • the device 130 rejects the command and sends, in step 250, to the tram a command refused message.
  • this verification also consists in verifying the value of the signal generated by the detection equipment 46. If the detection equipment 46 detects the presence of a tram, the device 130 rejects the command and transmits, in step 250 , towards tramway T, a command refused message.
  • step 250 may be verified in step 250 by device 130, in order to determine whether the received command can be executed.
  • the radiocommunication module 151 on board the tram is then invited to regularly re-transmit the command message until the command is accepted by the device 130.
  • step 260 it applies an actuation signal to the actuation equipment 42 so as to place the needle of the switch 15 in the engagement position required by the command received from the tram.
  • step 270 the item of equipment 42 checks the current position of the switch and if necessary switches it to the required position, in this case the position on the diverted track allowing the tram to circulate from the upstream section 4 to the second downstream section 28.
  • the actuation equipment 42 sends a confirmation signal of the current position of the switch 15 to the interlocking device 130.
  • step 280 device 130 changes the state of the routing section to the "engaged" state.
  • step 290 the device 130 sends a signaling signal to the signaling equipment so that the latter displays the current engagement position in which the switch 15 is located so that the driver of the tramway is informed and can check that its order has been taken into account and that the switch is in the position suitable for the desired movement.
  • step 300 the tramway T advances on the switch section 10, first on the entry section 14, then the switch 15 and finally on the exit section 17.
  • the detection equipment 46 of the presence of a tram generates a detection signal taking the value one (detection of the presence of a tram).
  • the tram continues to move and enters the second downstream section 28.
  • the detection equipment 46 When the rear of the tram has left the exit section 17, the detection equipment 46 generates a detection signal again taking the value zero (detection of the absence of a tram).
  • step 310 noting the modification of the value of the detection signal first from zero to one, then from one to zero, the device 130 releases the routing section 10 by modifying the state thereof and by replacing it to the “not engaged” value.
  • the communication between the tram and the interlocking device is effected by means of a radio communication link instead of using a near-field communication device, the interlocking device requests the tram to repeat the command message when it was rejected, instead of saving this rejected command and trying to execute it later. It is therefore possible to simplify the logic implemented by the interlocking device, the device no longer having to memorize a command which would not have been executed immediately nor to have a loop allowing the taking into account. of stored commands and possibly a priority management mechanism between rejected commands and new commands received.
  • the system can be equipped with a manual control panel 48 of the interlocking.
  • a manual control panel 48 of the interlocking This is a panel which is placed near the track and which can be operated manually by an operator so as to modify the switch engagement position.
  • This panel is connected by a suitable interface 148 to the interlocking device and constitutes additional track equipment.
  • the device 130 When a button provided on this table is actuated, the device 130 immediately modifies the switching position of the switch.
  • the interlocking device checks beforehand whether one or other of the first and second detection devices emits a detection signal. of value one, that is to say detection of the presence of a tram.
  • interlocking system just presented can meet all the safety constraints imposed by such or such existing tram line, in particular tram lines in their portion of passenger transport by opposition to deposit portions. However, it is certain that the present system responds to reduced safety conditions, such as can be found on the depot portions, on which vehicles travel at reduced speed and do not take on passengers.
  • a second detection device incorporating a coil mass detector. and to implant it downstream of the device 46.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

L'invention a pour domaine général celui des systèmes d'enclenchement pour une section d'aiguillage d'une voie ferrée, en particulier un système d'enclenchement pour une section d'aiguillage d'une voie ferrée de circulation de tramway.The general field of the invention is that of interlocking systems for a switching section of a railway track, in particular an interlocking system for a switching section of a tramway railway track.

Le document US 7 075 427 B1 divulgue un ensemble ferroviaire connu.The document US 7 075 427 B1 discloses a known railway assembly.

Un système d'enclenchement connu est représenté à la figure 1.A known interlocking system is shown in figure 1 .

Le système 1 équipe une voie comportant un aiguillage. Cette voie comporte successivement une section amont 4, une section d'aiguillage 10 et des première et seconde sections aval, 26 et 28.System 1 equips a track comprising a switch. This path successively comprises an upstream section 4, a switching section 10 and first and second downstream sections, 26 and 28.

La section d'aiguillage 10 comporte une section d'entrée 14, dont l'entrée correspond à la sortie de la section amont, l'aiguillage 15 proprement dit, et une section de sortie 17, dont la sortie est commune aux première et seconde sections aval.The switch section 10 comprises an inlet section 14, the inlet of which corresponds to the outlet of the upstream section, the switch 15 itself, and an outlet section 17, the outlet of which is common to the first and second. downstream sections.

Le système 1 comporte un dispositif d'enclenchement 30, qui est un calculateur disposé à proximité de la portion de voie intégrant l'aiguillage, et une pluralité d'équipements à la voie, pilotés par le dispositif d'enclenchement.The system 1 comprises an interlocking device 30, which is a computer arranged near the portion of the track incorporating the switch, and a plurality of items of track equipment, controlled by the interlocking device.

La pluralité d'équipements de voie comporte :

  • Un équipement de communication 40 du type à courte portée, comportant une antenne disposée entre les fils de rails de la section amont 4. L'antenne est destinée à capter un signal de commande émis par une antenne du tramway lorsque celui-ci passe au-dessus de l'antenne au sol ;
  • Un premier équipement de détection 41 de la présence d'un tramway sur la section d'entrée 14. Cet équipement est constitué soit par un circuit de voie, soit par un dispositif de comptage d'essieux. Il est propre à générer un signal de détection de la présence d'un tramway sur la section d'entrée, qui est un signal binaire prenant la valeur zéro lorsqu'aucun tramway n'est détecté sur la section d'entrée, ou la valeur 1 lorsqu'un tramway est détectée sur la section d'entrée.
  • Un équipement de signalisation 44, constitué par un feu placé au droit de l'aiguillage et permettant d'indiquer optiquement au conducteur du tramway l'état de la section d'aiguillage 10 et la position d'enclenchement courante de l'aiguillage 15 ;
  • Un équipement d'actionnement 42 de l'aiguillage, permettant de basculer l'aiguillage dans une position d'enclenchement en voie droite, pour la circulation d'un tramway depuis la section amont 4 vers la première section aval 26, ou dans une position d'enclenchement en voie déviée, pour la circulation d'un tramway depuis la section amont 4 vers la seconde section aval 28.
  • Un second équipement de détection 46 de la présence d'un tramway sur la section de sortie 17. Cet équipement intègre un détecteur de masse à bobine situé sur la voie. Lors du passage d'un tramway au-dessus de ce détecteur, l'inductance de la bobine est modifiée par les masses métalliques du tramway. Ce détecteur est propre à générer un signal de détection de présence d'un tramway qui est un signal binaire prenant la valeur zéro lorsqu'aucun tramway n'est détecté sur la section de sortie et la valeur unité lorsqu'un tramway est détecté sur la section de sortie.
The plurality of track equipment includes:
  • Communication equipment 40 of the short-range type, comprising an antenna arranged between the rail wires of the upstream section 4. The antenna is intended to pick up a control signal emitted by an antenna of the tramway when the latter passes over- above the ground antenna;
  • A first device 41 for detecting the presence of a tram on the input section 14. This device is constituted either by a track circuit or by an axle counting device. It is suitable for generating a signal for detecting the presence of a tram on the input section, which is a binary signal taking the value zero when no tram is detected on the input section, or the value 1 when a tram is detected on the entrance section.
  • Signaling equipment 44, consisting of a light placed to the right of the switch and making it possible to optically indicate to the tram driver the state of the switch section 10 and the current engagement position of the switch 15;
  • An actuator device 42 of the switch, making it possible to switch the switch to a position of engagement on the straight track, for the circulation of a tram from the upstream section 4 to the first downstream section 26, or in a position interlocking on a deviated track, for the circulation of a tram from the upstream section 4 to the second downstream section 28.
  • A second device 46 for detecting the presence of a tram on the output section 17. This device incorporates a coil mass detector located on the way. When a tram passes over this detector, the inductance of the coil is modified by the metallic masses of the tram. This detector is suitable for generating a signal for detecting the presence of a tram which is a binary signal taking the value zero when no tram is detected on the output section and the unit value when a tram is detected on the output section.

Dans le présent document, le terme équipement de voie désigne à la fois le capteur (antenne, dispositif de comptage d'essieux...) ou l'actionneur (moteur pour déplacer l'aiguille de l'aiguillage) et son électronique bas niveau, qui permet par exemple de numériser le signal analogique délivré par un capteur ou d'appliquer un signal adapté à une alimentation de l'actionneur.In this document, the term track equipment designates both the sensor (antenna, axle counting device, etc.) or the actuator (motor to move the switch point) and its low level electronics. , which makes it possible for example to digitize the analog signal delivered by a sensor or to apply a signal adapted to a supply of the actuator.

Un tel système d'enclenchement fonctionne de la manière suivante.Such an interlocking system operates as follows.

A l'approche de la section d'aiguillage 10 depuis la section amont 4, et sachant qu'il souhaite par exemple passer sur la seconde section aval 28, le conducteur déclenche, au travers d'une interface adaptée, l'émission, par le tramway, d'un message de commande requérant que l'aiguillage soit placé dans la position d'enclenchement en voie déviée.When approaching the switching section 10 from the upstream section 4, and knowing that he wishes for example to pass on the second downstream section 28, the driver triggers, through a suitable interface, the transmission, by the tram, a control message requesting that the switch be placed in the engaged position on the diverted track.

Alors que le tramway passe à l'aplomb de l'antenne, celle-ci capte le message de commande et l'équipement de communication 40 transmet la commande correspondante au dispositif d'enclenchement 30.As the tram passes directly above the antenna, the latter receives the command message and the communication equipment 40 transmits the corresponding command to the locking device 30.

Lors de la réception de la commande, le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 vérifie tout d'abord que certaines conditions de sécurité sont vérifiées. En particulier, le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 vérifie que la section d'aiguillage 10 est dans l'état «non enclenché ».Upon receipt of the command, the interlocking device 30 first checks that certain safety conditions are satisfied. In particular, the interlocking device 30 verifies that the routing section 10 is in the “not interlocked” state.

L'état non enclenché de la section d'aiguillage est élaboré à chaque instant par le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 à partir des signaux de détection de la présence d'un tramway généré d'une part par le premier équipement de détection amont et d'autre part par le second équipement de détection aval. La section d'aiguillage sera dite dans l'état « non enclenché » si aucun de ces deux équipements de détection ne détecte la présence d'un tramway. Dans tous les autres cas, la section d'aiguillage sera dans l'état « enclenché ».The non-engaged state of the switching section is produced at each instant by the interlocking device 30 from the detection signals of the presence of a tramway generated on the one hand by the first upstream detection equipment and 'on the other hand by the second downstream detection equipment. The switch section will be said to be in the “not engaged” state if neither of these two detection devices detects the presence of a tram. In all other cases, the turnout section will be in the "engaged" state.

Si, au moment de la réception de la commande émise par le tramway, la section d'aiguillage 10 est effectivement dans l'état «non enclenché», le dispositif d'enclenchement exécute la commande requérant que l'aiguillage soit placé dans la position d'enclenchement en voie déviée.If, at the time of reception of the command from the tram, the switch section 10 is indeed in the "not engaged" state, the interlocking device executes the command requiring that the switch be placed in the position. interlocking on deviated track.

Pour cela, le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 réserve la section d'aiguillage 10 en la plaçant dans l'état « enclenché ».For this, the interlocking device 30 reserves the switching section 10 by placing it in the “interlocked” state.

Puis, le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 émet un signal d'actionnement vers l'équipement d'actionnement 42 de manière à basculer l'aiguillage 15 dans la position requise, en l'occurrence la position en voie déviée. L'équipement d'enclenchement vérifie la position d'enclenchement courante de l'aiguillage et bascule si nécessaire l'aiguille de l'aiguillage dans la position en voie déviée permettant de faire circuler le tramway depuis la section amont vers la seconde section aval. L'équipement d'actionnement 42 émet un signal de confirmation de la position d'enclenchement de l'aiguillage vers le dispositif d'enclenchement 30.Then, the interlocking device 30 transmits an actuation signal to the actuation equipment 42 so as to switch the switch 15 to the required position, in this case the diverted track position. The switching device checks the current switching position of the switch and if necessary switches the switch needle to the diverted track position allowing the tram to circulate from the upstream section to the second downstream section. The actuation equipment 42 transmits a signal confirming the engagement position of the switch to the engagement device 30.

Le dispositif d'enclenchement émet alors un signal de signalisation à destination de l'équipement de signalisation 44 afin qu'il indique la position d'enclenchement courante de l'aiguille. Constatant, d'après ce qu'affiche l'équipement de signalisation, que la section a été réservée pour son passage et que l'aiguillage se trouve dans la position d'enclenchement requise, le conducteur du tramway engage le tramway sur la section d'aiguillage.The engagement device then sends a signaling signal to the signaling equipment 44 so that it indicates the current engagement position of the needle. Noting, from what the signaling equipment displays, that the section has been reserved for its passage and that the switch is in the required latching position, the tram driver engages the tram on section d. referral.

Le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 vérifie ensuite la séquence suivante d'évènements :

  • que le signal de détection de présence d'un tramway par le premier équipement de détection passe de la valeur zéro à la valeur un, indiquant que l'avant du tramway s'est avancée sur la section d'entrée ;
  • que le signal de détection de la présence d'un tramway par le second équipement de détection passe de la valeur zéro à la valeur un, indiquant que l'avant du tramway s'est avancée sur la section de sortie, le tramway étant en train de franchir l'aiguillage ;
  • que le signal de détection de la présence d'un tramway par le premier équipement de détection passe de la valeur un à la valeur zéro, indiquant que l'arrière du tramway a quitté la section d'entrée ; et
  • que le signal de détection de la présence d'un tramway par le second équipement de détection passe de la valeur un à la valeur zéro, indiquant que l'arrière du tramway a quitté la section de sortie.
The interlocking device 30 then verifies the following sequence of events:
  • that the signal for detecting the presence of a tram by the first detection equipment passes from the value zero to the value one, indicating that the front of the tram has advanced on the entrance section;
  • that the signal for detecting the presence of a tram by the second detection equipment passes from the value zero to the value one, indicating that the front of the tram has advanced on the exit section, the tram being in train to cross the switch;
  • that the signal for detecting the presence of a tram by the first detection equipment changes from the value one to the value zero, indicating that the rear of the tram has left the entrance section; and
  • that the signal for detecting the presence of a tram by the second detection equipment changes from the value one to the value zero, indicating that the rear of the tram has left the exit section.

Constatant que les deux signaux de détection amont et aval sont à nouveau à zéro, le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 replace la section d'aiguillage 10 dans l'état « non enclenché ».Noting that the two upstream and downstream detection signals are again at zero, the interlocking device 30 places the routing section 10 back in the “not engaged” state.

Si, au moment de la réception de la commande émise par le tramway, la section d'aiguillage 10 est dans l'état « enclenché », le dispositif d'enclenchement 30 n'exécute pas la commande, mais la stocke en mémoire. Il réessaie de l'exécuter périodiquement jusqu'à ce que les contraintes de sécurité soient vérifiées.If, at the time of reception of the command from the tram, the switching section 10 is in the "engaged" state, the interlocking device 30 does not execute the command, but stores it in memory. It retries to run it periodically until the security constraints are verified.

Tant que la commande n'est pas exécutée, l'équipement de signalisation 30 affiche un signal par défaut indiquant au conducteur de ne pas faire avancer le tramway sur la section d'aiguillage.As long as the command is not executed, the signaling equipment 30 displays a default signal indicating to the driver not to advance the tram on the switch section.

Ce système d'enclenchement est assez complexe et nécessite un nombre important d'équipements de voie.This interlocking system is quite complex and requires a large number of track equipment.

Or, en particulier dans les dépôts de tramways, de nombreux aiguillages sont prévus sur une zone relativement réduite. Il en résulte un besoin de simplification des systèmes d'enclenchement pour en réduire le coût, en simplifier l'installation et la maintenance, et en faciliter l'exploitation.However, in particular in tram depots, numerous switches are provided over a relatively small area. This results in a need to simplify interlocking systems in order to reduce their cost, simplify installation and maintenance, and facilitate their operation.

Pour cela, l'invention a pour objet un ensemble ferroviaire selon la revendication 1 et un procédé d'utilisation de cet ensemble ferroviaire selon la revendication 6.For this, the invention relates to a railway assembly according to claim 1 and a method of using this railway assembly according to claim 6.

L'invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation particulier, ce mode de réalisation étant donné uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif. Cette description est faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un système d'enclenchement selon l'état de la technique ;
  • la figure 2 est une représentation schématique d'un système simplifié d'enclenchement selon l'invention ; et,
  • la figure 3 est une représentation sous forme de blocs du procédé de fonctionnement du système d'enclenchement de la figure 2.
The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the detailed description which will follow of a particular embodiment, this embodiment being given solely by way of non-limiting example. This description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation of an interlocking system according to the state of the art;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic representation of a simplified interlocking system according to the invention; and,
  • the figure 3 is a block representation of the operating method of the interlocking system of the figure 2 .

En se référant maintenant à la figure 2, un mode de réalisation préféré d'un système d'enclenchement 101 selon l'invention va être présenté en détail.Referring now to the figure 2 , a preferred embodiment of an interlocking system 101 according to the invention will be presented in detail.

Tout comme dans l'état de la technique, le système 101 équipe une voie ferrée 2 comportant un aiguillage. Cette voie 2 comporte successivement une section amont 4, une section d'aiguillage 10 et des première et seconde sections aval 26 et 28. La section d'aiguillage 10 comporte une section d'entrée 14, dont l'entrée correspond à la sortie de la section amont 4, l'aiguillage 15 proprement dit, et une section de sortie 17, dont la sortie est commune aux première et seconde sections aval 28 et 26.As in the state of the art, the system 101 equips a railway track 2 comprising a switch. This track 2 successively comprises an upstream section 4, a switching section 10 and first and second downstream sections 26 and 28. The switching section 10 comprises an inlet section 14, the inlet of which corresponds to the outlet of the upstream section 4, the switch 15 proper, and an outlet section 17, the outlet of which is common to the first and second downstream sections 28 and 26.

Le système 101 comporte un dispositif d'enclenchement 130 et une pluralité d'équipements de voies implantés le long de la voie.The system 101 includes an interlocking device 130 and a plurality of track equipment located along the track.

Cette pluralité d'équipements comporte au moins :

  • un équipement d'actionnement 42 permettant de placer l'aiguillage 15 soit dans la position d'enclenchement en voie déviée, soit dans la position d'enclenchement en voie droite ;
  • Un équipement de signalisation 44, placé au droit de l'aiguillage 15 permettant d'indiquer visuellement au conducteur du tramway si la section d'aiguillage 10 est dans l'état « enclenché » ou dans l'état « non-enclenché », et lorsqu'elle est dans l'état « non-enclenché », la position d'enclenchement courante de l'aiguillage 15 ; et,
  • un équipement de détection 46 de la présence d'un tramway sur la section de sortie 17. Cet équipement comporte un détecteur de masse à bobine. Lors du passage d'un tramway au-dessus de ce détecteur, l'inductance de la bobine est modifiée par les masses métalliques du tramway. Cet équipement est propre à générer un signal de détection de présence d'un tramway qui est un signal binaire prenant la valeur zéro lorsqu'aucun tramway n'est détecté sur la section de sortie 17 et la valeur un lorsqu'un tramway est détecté sur la section de sortie.
This plurality of equipment includes at least:
  • actuation equipment 42 making it possible to place the switch 15 either in the engaged position in the deviated track, or in the engaged position in the straight track;
  • Signaling equipment 44, placed to the right of the switch 15 making it possible to visually indicate to the driver of the tramway whether the switch section 10 is in the "engaged" state or in the "non-engaged" state, and when it is in the “non-engaged” state, the current engagement position of the switch 15; and,
  • a device 46 for detecting the presence of a tram on the output section 17. This device comprises a coil mass detector. When a tram passes over this detector, the inductance of the coil is modified by the metallic masses of the tram. This equipment is suitable for generating a presence detection signal for a tram which is a binary signal taking the value zero when no tram is detected on the output section 17 and the value one when a tram is detected on the output section.

Le dispositif d'enclenchement 130 est, par exemple, constitué par un ordinateur plutôt que par un automate du type relais intégrant une pluralité de commutateurs. Cet ordinateur comporte des moyens de calcul, tels qu'un processeur 132, et des moyens de mémorisation, tels qu'une mémoire vive 134, les moyens de mémorisation stockant des instructions de programmes d'ordinateur propres à être exécutées par le processeur 132.The interlocking device 130 is, for example, constituted by a computer rather than by an automatic relay type integrating a plurality of switches. This computer comprises calculation means, such as a processor 132, and storage means, such as a random access memory 134, the storage means storing computer program instructions suitable for being executed by the processor 132.

Le dispositif 130 comporte également une pluralité d'interfaces d'entrée/sortie 142, 144 et 146, auxquelles sont connectés les différents équipements de la pluralité d'équipements de voie.The device 130 also comprises a plurality of input / output interfaces 142, 144 and 146, to which the different pieces of equipment of the plurality of track pieces of equipment are connected.

De préférence, le dispositif 130 est également équipé d'un module de radiocommunication 150 permettant l'échange de messages entre un tramway et le dispositif d'enclenchement 130, au lieu d'un équipement de communication à courte distance du type comportant une antenne le long de la voie. Le tramway T est donc également équipé d'un module de radiocommunication 151 pour l'établissement d'une liaison sans fil temporaire avec le module 150. Par exemple une liaison selon le protocole WiFi peut être mise en œuvre.Preferably, the device 130 is also equipped with a radiocommunication module 150 allowing the exchange of messages between a tram and the interlocking device 130, instead of a short-distance communication equipment of the type comprising an antenna. along the way. The tramway T is therefore also equipped with a radiocommunication module 151 for establishing a temporary wireless link with the module 150. For example a link according to the WiFi protocol can be implemented.

Le dispositif 130 comporte un bus de communication 160 reliant les différents composants.The device 130 comprises a communication bus 160 connecting the various components.

Le dispositif 130 est donc programmé différemment pour tenir compte de cet ensemble minimum d'équipements de voie et de périphériques. Le dispositif 130 est programmé pour mettre en œuvre le procédé de fonctionnement qui va maintenant être décrit en référence à la figure 3.Device 130 is therefore programmed differently to take account of this minimum set of track equipment and peripherals. The device 130 is programmed to implement the operating method which will now be described with reference to figure 3 .

Le procédé de fonctionnement 200 comporte une étape 210, au cours de laquelle le dispositif 130 met à jour périodiquement l'état de la section d'aiguillage 10 en fonction d'un état courant de la section d'aiguillage 10 et du signal généré par l'équipement de détection 46 uniquement. Le dispositif 130 vérifie notamment si l'état courant est l'état « enclenché » ou l'état « non enclenché » et, dans le cas où l'état courant est l'état « enclenché », si l'équipement de détection 46 détecte ou non la présence d'un tramway.The operating method 200 includes a step 210, during which the device 130 periodically updates the state of the routing section 10 as a function of a current state of the routing section 10 and the signal generated by detection equipment 46 only. The device 130 checks in particular whether the current state is the state “Engaged” or the “not engaged” state and, in the case where the current state is the “engaged” state, whether the detection equipment 46 detects or not the presence of a tram.

Plus précisément, si l'état courant est l'état « enclenché » et si l'équipement de détection 46 détecte la présence d'un tramway suivie de l'absence d'un tramway, la section d'aiguillage 10 passe dans l'état « non enclenché ».More precisely, if the current state is the "engaged" state and if the detection equipment 46 detects the presence of a tram followed by the absence of a tram, the switch section 10 passes into the state "not engaged".

Autrement, la section d'aiguillage 10 reste dans l'état « enclenché ».Otherwise, the routing section 10 remains in the "engaged" state.

Si l'état courant est l'état « non-enclenché », le dispositif 130 attend la réception d'un message de commande de l'enclenchement de l'aiguillage 15.If the current state is the “not engaged” state, the device 130 waits for the reception of a command message for the engagement of turnout 15.

A l'étape 220, à l'approche de la section d'aiguillage 10 depuis la section amont 4, et sachant qu'il souhaite par exemple passer sur la seconde section aval 28, le conducteur du tramway déclenche, au travers d'une interface adaptée, l'émission, par le module de radiocommunication 151 embarqué à bord du tramway, d'un message de commande requérant que l'aiguillage 15 soit placé dans la position d'enclenchement en voie déviée.In step 220, when approaching the switch section 10 from the upstream section 4, and knowing that he wishes for example to pass on the second downstream section 28, the tram driver triggers, through a adapted interface, the transmission, by the radiocommunication module 151 on board the tram, of a control message requesting that the switch 15 be placed in the engaged position on the diverted track.

Lorsqu'à l'étape 230, le module de radiocommunication 150 du dispositif 130 reçoit le message de commande de l'enclenchement de l'aiguillage 15, il en extrait la commande et le transmet au processeur 132 du dispositif 130.When, in step 230, the radio communication module 150 of the device 130 receives the command message for the switching on of the switch 15, it extracts the command therefrom and transmits it to the processor 132 of the device 130.

A l'étape 240, le dispositif 130 vérifie que la commande reçue peut être exécutée.In step 240, device 130 verifies that the command received can be executed.

Cette vérification consiste à vérifier la valeur courante de l'état de la section 10.This check consists of checking the current value of the state of section 10.

Si la section d'aiguillage 10 est dans l'état « enclenché », le dispositif 130 rejette la commande et émet, à l'étape 250, vers le tramway un message de commande refusée.If the routing section 10 is in the "engaged" state, the device 130 rejects the command and sends, in step 250, to the tram a command refused message.

Avantageusement, cette vérification consiste également à vérifier la valeur du signal généré par l'équipement de détection 46. Si l'équipement de détection 46 détecte la présence d'un tramway, le dispositif 130 rejette la commande et émet, à l'étape 250, vers le tramway T, un message de commande refusée.Advantageously, this verification also consists in verifying the value of the signal generated by the detection equipment 46. If the detection equipment 46 detects the presence of a tram, the device 130 rejects the command and transmits, in step 250 , towards tramway T, a command refused message.

En variante d'autres conditions de sécurité supplémentaires peuvent être vérifiées à l'étape 250 par le dispositif 130, afin de déterminer si la commande reçue peut être exécutée.As a variant, other additional security conditions may be verified in step 250 by device 130, in order to determine whether the received command can be executed.

Le module de radiocommunication 151 embarqué à bord du tramway est alors invité à réémettre régulièrement le message de commande jusqu'à ce que la commande soit acceptée par le dispositif 130.The radiocommunication module 151 on board the tram is then invited to regularly re-transmit the command message until the command is accepted by the device 130.

Lorsque le dispositif 130 accepte la commande, il l'exécute immédiatement.When device 130 accepts the command, it executes it immediately.

Pour cela, à l'étape 260, il applique un signal d'actionnement à l'équipement d'actionnement 42 de manière à placer l'aiguille de l'aiguillage 15 dans la position d'enclenchement requise par la commande reçue du tramway.For this, at step 260, it applies an actuation signal to the actuation equipment 42 so as to place the needle of the switch 15 in the engagement position required by the command received from the tram.

A l'étape 270, l'équipement 42 vérifie la position courante de l'aiguillage et bascule si nécessaire celui-ci dans la position requise, en l'occurrence la position en voie déviée permettant de faire circuler le tramway depuis la section amont 4 vers la seconde section aval 28. L'équipement d'actionnement 42 émet un signal de confirmation de la position courante de l'aiguillage 15 vers le dispositif d'enclenchement 130.In step 270, the item of equipment 42 checks the current position of the switch and if necessary switches it to the required position, in this case the position on the diverted track allowing the tram to circulate from the upstream section 4 to the second downstream section 28. The actuation equipment 42 sends a confirmation signal of the current position of the switch 15 to the interlocking device 130.

A l'étape 280, le dispositif 130 modifie l'état de la section d'aiguillage vers l'état « enclenché ».In step 280, device 130 changes the state of the routing section to the "engaged" state.

A l'étape 290, le dispositif 130 émet un signal de signalisation vers l'équipement de signalisation de manière à ce que ce dernier affiche la position d'enclenchement courante dans laquelle se trouve l'aiguillage 15 de manière à ce que le conducteur du tramway en soit informé et puisse vérifier que sa commande a été prise en compte et que l'aiguillage se trouve dans la position adaptée au déplacement souhaité.In step 290, the device 130 sends a signaling signal to the signaling equipment so that the latter displays the current engagement position in which the switch 15 is located so that the driver of the tramway is informed and can check that its order has been taken into account and that the switch is in the position suitable for the desired movement.

Puis à l'étape 300, le tramway T s'avance sur la section d'aiguillage 10, d'abord sur la section d'entrée 14, puis l'aiguillage 15 et enfin sur la section de sortie 17.Then in step 300, the tramway T advances on the switch section 10, first on the entry section 14, then the switch 15 and finally on the exit section 17.

A cet instant, l'équipement de détection 46 de la présence d'un tramway génère un signal de détection prenant la valeur un (détection de la présence d'un tramway).At this instant, the detection equipment 46 of the presence of a tram generates a detection signal taking the value one (detection of the presence of a tram).

Le tramway poursuit son déplacement et rentre sur la seconde section aval 28.The tram continues to move and enters the second downstream section 28.

Lorsque l'arrière du tramway a quitté la section de sortie 17, l'équipement de détection 46 génère un signal de détection prenant à nouveau la valeur zéro (détection de l'absence de tramway).When the rear of the tram has left the exit section 17, the detection equipment 46 generates a detection signal again taking the value zero (detection of the absence of a tram).

A l'étape 310, constatant la modification de la valeur du signal de détection d'abord de zéro à un, puis de un à zéro, le dispositif 130 libère la section d'aiguillage 10 en modifiant l'état de celle-ci et en le replaçant à la valeur « non enclenché ».In step 310, noting the modification of the value of the detection signal first from zero to one, then from one to zero, the device 130 releases the routing section 10 by modifying the state thereof and by replacing it to the “not engaged” value.

L'homme du métier constatera donc que le système d'enclenchement décrit ci-dessus présente une structure simplifiée par rapport à un système selon l'état de la technique, puisqu'il ne comporte plus qu'un unique équipement de détection de la présence d'un tramway.Those skilled in the art will therefore see that the interlocking system described above has a simplified structure compared to a system according to the state of the art, since it now only comprises a single device for detecting the presence. of a tram.

De plus, selon l'invention la communication entre le tramway et le dispositif d'enclenchement est effectuée au moyen d'une liaison de radiocommunication au lieu d'utiliser un dispositif de communication en champ proche, le dispositif d'enclenchement demande au tramway de répéter le message de commande lorsque celle-ci a été rejetée, au lieu de sauvegarder cette commande rejetée et d'essayer de l'exécuter ultérieurement. Il est de ce fait possible de simplifier la logique mise en œuvre par le dispositif d'enclenchement , le dispositif n'ayant plus à mémoriser une commande qui n'aurait pas été exécutée immédiatement ni de disposer d'une boucle permettant la prise en compte des commandes mémorisées et éventuellement d'un mécanisme de gestion de priorité entre les commandes rejetées et les nouvelles commandes reçues.Furthermore, according to the invention the communication between the tram and the interlocking device is effected by means of a radio communication link instead of using a near-field communication device, the interlocking device requests the tram to repeat the command message when it was rejected, instead of saving this rejected command and trying to execute it later. It is therefore possible to simplify the logic implemented by the interlocking device, the device no longer having to memorize a command which would not have been executed immediately nor to have a loop allowing the taking into account. of stored commands and possibly a priority management mechanism between rejected commands and new commands received.

En variante, comme représenté en pointillés sur la figure 2, et de manière connue, le système peut être équipé d'un tableau de contrôle manuel 48 de l'enclenchement. Il s'agit d'un tableau qui est placé à proximité de la voie et qui peut être actionné manuellement par un opérateur de manière à modifier la position d'enclenchement de l'aiguillage. Ce panneau est connecté par une interface adaptée 148 au dispositif d'enclenchement et constitue un équipement de voie supplémentaire.Alternatively, as shown in dotted lines on the figure 2 , and in a known manner, the system can be equipped with a manual control panel 48 of the interlocking. This is a panel which is placed near the track and which can be operated manually by an operator so as to modify the switch engagement position. This panel is connected by a suitable interface 148 to the interlocking device and constitutes additional track equipment.

Lors de l'actionnement d'un bouton prévu sur ce tableau, le dispositif 130 modifie immédiatement la position d'enclenchement de l'aiguillage. Dans l'état de la technique, lorsqu'une commande manuelle d'enclenchement est reçue par le dispositif d'enclenchement, celui-ci vérifie préalablement si l'un ou l'autre des premier et second équipements de détection émet un signal de détection de valeur un, c'est-à-dire de détection de la présence d'un tramway.When a button provided on this table is actuated, the device 130 immediately modifies the switching position of the switch. In the prior art, when a manual closing command is received by the interlocking device, the latter checks beforehand whether one or other of the first and second detection devices emits a detection signal. of value one, that is to say detection of the presence of a tram.

Il n'est pas certain que le système d'enclenchement venant d'être présenté puisse répondre à l'ensemble des contraintes de sécurité imposées par telle ou telle ligne de tramway existante, notamment les lignes de tramway dans leur portion de transport de passagers par opposition aux portions de dépôt. Cependant, il est certain que le présent système répond à des conditions de sécurité réduites, telles qu'on peut les trouver sur les portions de dépôt, sur lesquelles les véhicules circulent à vitesse réduite et n'embarquent pas de passagers.It is not certain that the interlocking system just presented can meet all the safety constraints imposed by such or such existing tram line, in particular tram lines in their portion of passenger transport by opposition to deposit portions. However, it is certain that the present system responds to reduced safety conditions, such as can be found on the depot portions, on which vehicles travel at reduced speed and do not take on passengers.

Pour l'implantation le long de la voie de manière à répondre aux critères de sécurité associés au transport de passagers, il est envisagé d'ajouter au système d'enclenchement décrit ci-dessus un second équipement de détection intégrant un détecteur de masse à bobine et de l'implanter en aval du dispositif 46.For installation along the track so as to meet the safety criteria associated with passenger transport, it is planned to add to the interlocking system described above a second detection device incorporating a coil mass detector. and to implant it downstream of the device 46.

Claims (7)

  1. Railway assembly comprising an interlocking system (101) for a switching section (10) of a railroad track (2) and a radio communication module (151) onboard a railway vehicle authorized to circulate on the switching section,
    the switching section (10) being located between an upstream section (4) and first and second downstream sections (26, 28), independent one form the other, and including an entry section (14), a switch (15), and an exit section (17),
    the interlocking system (101) including an interlocking device (130) and a plurality of track devices installed along the switching section (10) and connected to the interlocking device (130), wherein the plurality of track devices includes:
    - an actuating device (42) to lock the switch in a first interlocking position or second interlocking position;
    - a signaling device (44), located at the switch, displaying a state of the switching section and a current interlocking position of the switch; and
    - a detection device (46) for detecting the presence of a railway vehicle, equipping the exit section (17) and able to generate a detection signal, said detection device including a detector of the coil mass detector type,
    the interlocking system (101) having no device for detecting the presence of a vehicle upstream of the switch,
    the interlocking device (130) comprising a radio communication module (150) allowing the exchange of messages with the radio communication module (151) onboard the railway vehicle,
    the interlocking device being able to reject a switching command message transmitted by the radio communication module (151) onboard the railway vehicle, when the command contained in said message cannot be executed immediately, the radio communication module (151) onboard the railway vehicle repeating the transmission of the switching command message until the corresponding command is executed.
  2. The railway assembly according to claim 1, wherein the interlocking device has no means for storing a command that cannot be executed immediately, or means for processing commands having been rejected and stored.
  3. The railway assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the interlocking device (130) updates an interlocking state of the switching section (10) only from the current value of the interlocking state and values of the detection signal generated by the detection device (46) for detecting the presence of a vehicle.
  4. The railway assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of track devices further includes a manual interlocking control panel (48) connected to the interlocking device (130), the interlocking device being able, upon receiving a command to modify the interlocking position of the switch (15) generated from said panel, to send an actuating signal to the actuating device (42) of the switch (15).
  5. The railway assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, including a second device detecting the presence of a railway vehicle including a coil mass detector and installed downstream of the detection device (46).
  6. A method (200) for using a railway assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the railway assembly comprising an interlocking system (101) for a switching section (10) of a railroad track (2) and a radio communication module capable of being onboard a railway vehicle, the method including the following steps:
    - periodically updating (210), by means of an interlocking device (130) of the interlocking system (101), the state of a switching section (10) from a current state of the switching section (10) and the signal generated by a detection device (46);
    - checking (230) that a command, sent from the radio communication module of the railway vehicle and received by the interlocking device (130), and requesting that the switch (15) be placed in a requested interlocking position, can be executed;
    - executing (260, 270) the accepted command so as to place a switch point rail of the switch (15) in the requested interlocking position, an actuating device (42) sending a confirmation signal of the current interlocking position of the switch (15) to the interlocking device (130);
    - changing (280), by means of the interlocking device (130), the state of the switching section (10) to the "locked" state;
    - sending (290) a signaling signal to the signaling device to display the current interlocking position of the switch (15),
    the step consisting of checking (230) that the command received can be executed consists of checking the current value of the state of the switching section (10), the command being rejected when the switching section (10) is in the "locked" state and, optionally, checking the current value of the detection signal generated by the detection device (46), the command being rejected when the detection device (46) detects the presence of a railway vehicle,
    and, when the command is rejected, the radio communication module of the railway vehicle repeats the emission go the command message until the corresponding command is executed.
  7. The method (200) according to claim 6, wherein the step consisting of updating (210) the state of the switching section (10) consists of checking whether the current state is the "locked" state or the "not locked" state, and if the current state is the "locked" state, checking whether the detection device (46) detects the presence of a railway vehicle and then detects the absence of a railway vehicle, and if so moving the switching section (10) into the "not locked" state.
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ES2836502T3 (en) 2021-06-25
CL2017000537A1 (en) 2018-02-23
FR3048669B1 (en) 2018-04-13
FR3048669A1 (en) 2017-09-15
BR102017004476B1 (en) 2023-02-23
AU2017201582A1 (en) 2017-09-28

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