EP3216095B1 - Balai jumele avec plaquette d'appui - Google Patents

Balai jumele avec plaquette d'appui Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3216095B1
EP3216095B1 EP14815401.6A EP14815401A EP3216095B1 EP 3216095 B1 EP3216095 B1 EP 3216095B1 EP 14815401 A EP14815401 A EP 14815401A EP 3216095 B1 EP3216095 B1 EP 3216095B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wafer
plate
brush device
slices
brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14815401.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3216095A1 (fr
Inventor
Pascal LARTIQUE
Laurent Lochet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mersen France Amiens SAS
Original Assignee
Mersen France Amiens SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mersen France Amiens SAS filed Critical Mersen France Amiens SAS
Priority to HUE14815401A priority Critical patent/HUE043880T2/hu
Publication of EP3216095A1 publication Critical patent/EP3216095A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3216095B1 publication Critical patent/EP3216095B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/381—Brush holders characterised by the application of pressure to brush
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of brushes intended to provide electrical contact between a part / fixed element and a rotating part / element in a rotating electrical machine.
  • This rotating part may for example be a commutator part of an electric motor or a ring of a synchronous or asynchronous machine.
  • the invention relates to a broom for an electric machine and more particularly to a twin brush ("split brush" in English).
  • a paired broom thus comprises two slices arranged side by side and each extending between a rubbing face, intended to rub against the movable element relative to the broom, and an upper face to the end of the head ("top In English) of the slice.
  • the movable element relative to the blade may for example comprise a collector of an electric machine.
  • a support system makes it possible to exert pressure on each of the slices, at the level of the upper faces, so that the friction faces rub against the moving element.
  • a twin broom comprising two slices each having a beveled head, and a corner on which a spring is supported, so that a force is applied to each of the slices.
  • the forces applied may tend to separate the slices from one another, so that there is a risk of wear of the slices against the walls of a brush holder cage for lateral maintenance slices.
  • the wafer not riveted to this wafer, said wafer or free wafer is likely to move relative to the wafer rigidly fixed to the wafer, said leading or bonded wafer. Due to these relative movements of the free slice relative to the bonded slice, there is a risk of arcing, and therefore accelerated wear of the friction face of the free slice. As a result, the free portion may have a shorter length than the linked portion, so that the support provided by the wafer against this free portion may decrease further, which tends to accentuate the relative movements of the wafer. linked, and therefore its wear.
  • the wiper device further comprises a second wafer, distinct from the first wafer, rigidly fixed to the second wafer only and extending tangentially over at least a portion of the head of the first wafer. so as to press said first slice in case of relative movement of the second slice relative to the first slice towards the first movable element.
  • this second wafer drives the first wafer towards the first movable element.
  • the two slices thus remain relatively solid with each other, so that wear from one slice to the other remains relatively uniform.
  • the wiper device can thus ensure a relatively good quality of contact, even in the case of a first relatively flat element, by example with blades relatively poorly aligned radially (surface defect or, in the case of a first circular element, runout).
  • the brush device with sufficient clearance (x) between the parts of this device so that the second wafer can be driven in movement relative to the first wafer over a determined displacement range in the radial direction without dragging. moving the first slice.
  • This range of displacement may correspond to a distance of between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, advantageously between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm, for example 0.3 mm.
  • the first wafer can be driven in motion by the second wafer only if the displacement of the second wafer relative to the first wafer corresponds to a distance, in the radial direction and from an end position of the determined range, greater than a threshold, for example a threshold of between 0.01 mm and 2 mm, advantageously between 100 ⁇ m and 1 mm, for example 500 ⁇ m.
  • a threshold for example a threshold of between 0.01 mm and 2 mm, advantageously between 100 ⁇ m and 1 mm, for example 500 ⁇ m.
  • the broom device remains capable of presenting relative movements corresponding to an amplitude, in the radial direction, below this threshold, which contributes to the quality of the electrical contact.
  • the wiper device is further designed so that when the first wafer transmits the pressure forces to the second wafer, the second wafer and the portion of (or integral with) the first wafer likely to be abutment against the second wafer in case of relative movement of the second wafer with respect to the first wafer towards the first movable element can be separated from a set having a thickness in the radial direction.
  • This thickness corresponds to the authorized stroke of the second slice relative to the first slice.
  • This thickness is chosen between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, advantageously between 0.2 mm and 0.4 mm, for example 0.3 mm, since it has been observed that the differences in alignment of the blades correspond to a difference in level in general. of the order of a few hundred microns.
  • the second wafer can advantageously directly support the first wafer.
  • the second wafer extends over the first wafer, so as to press this first wafer secured to the first wafer.
  • Each plate may comprise a fixing portion rigidly attached to a side or front face of the corresponding wafer, and a bearing portion extending tangentially over at least a portion of the head of the other wafer.
  • Each slice extends between the friction face and an upper face at the end of the head.
  • Each plate may be capable of abutting on a surface of (or secured to) the corresponding head, said support surface.
  • This bearing surface may for example be a portion or the whole of the upper face of the wafer corresponding to this wafer (for example the second wafer in the case of the first wafer).
  • the slices may be made of the same material, in which case it will be referred to as a split broom assembly, or even in different materials, in which case it will be referred to as a compound broom assembly, or in two grades.
  • the second wafer may extend above the upper face of the first wafer.
  • the second wafer does not come into abutment on the upper face, at the end of the first wafer, but on a surface remote support of this upper face.
  • the second wafer then extends over only a portion of the head of the first wafer, since another portion of the head of the first wafer, between the upper edge of the trench and the upper face, is then above the second wafer.
  • the second wafer may extend above the upper faces of the first and second wafers.
  • the second wafer may extend above the upper face of the first wafer, and advantageously of the second wafer, at a location sufficiently central for cables to be fixed on these upper faces, on both sides of this second plate.
  • the second wafer may extend above the upper faces of the first and second wafers, while adjoining a side face of each of the wafers.
  • the second plate can occupy the location provided for a cable, and this on each of the slices.
  • each slice can be connected to a sufficient number of cables, for example two.
  • the second wafer may extend between the first wafer and the upper face of the first wafer and / or the second wafer.
  • a space is provided between the first wafer and the upper surface of the first wafer and / or the second wafer, for the insertion of the second wafer.
  • the clearance of for example 300 microns described above can thus be a play between the upper surfaces of the slices and the second wafer when the wafers are in contact.
  • the slices can define notches to receive the support portion of the second wafer.
  • the first wafer may extend beyond the second wafer.
  • a wafer overflowing (“cantilever” in English) can avoid the friction of the first movable element against possible rivets end of life slices.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the choice of (or) material chosen for each of the slices. It is possible, for example, to use slices composed mainly of carbon and possibly of metal, for example silver.
  • One and / or the other slice can thus be made from amorphous carbon, natural graphite, a mixture of amorphous carbon and graphite (carbon brush), a mixture of metal and graphite , graphite impregnated metal, graphite and binder comprising a synthetic resin (broom agglomerated with a synthetic resin), and / or other.
  • the rubbing face may be curved or flat.
  • each slice may have a curved upper surface or not, particularly in the case of a rounded head.
  • slotted heads are advantageously provided for the slices so that the slats can be received in the notches.
  • the first wafer can thus be a support plate overflowing or not.
  • the first wafer and / or the second wafer can be fixed to the first wafer and / or to the second wafer, respectively, by riveting.
  • the brush device may further comprise cables attached to the first and second wafers.
  • This attachment may advantageously be performed by riveting, or else by sealing, welding or otherwise.
  • the second wafer may define at one end above the first wafer a flange extending in a direction having a component radial, and the first wafer can define a cavity for receiving this rim so that the first and second wafer cooperate with each other when the wafers cooperate with each other. The joining of the two slices can thus be improved.
  • the broom may have a height, in the radial direction, of the order of a few centimeters, for example between 1 cm and 4 cm.
  • the broom may have a thickness, in the tangential direction, of the order of one centimeter, for example between 0.8 cm and 4 cm.
  • the invention may especially find application in the field of transportation, particularly in aerospace, including aeronautics, space, or other, in rail transport, or otherwise. More particularly, the invention may be implemented in a brush starter generator.
  • the invention is however in no way limited to this application in the field of transport.
  • the illustrated brush devices have been designed for brush starter generators for an aeronautical application.
  • front faces of the brush may be likely to be worn due to the friction of the blade in the brush holder cage.
  • the friction face and the edges of the brush may be likely to undergo relatively high electrical wear due to the arcing induced by the jumps of the brush on a collector, and in particular when the collector blades are only imperfectly aligned .
  • twin brushes can largely overcome this disadvantage, because the electrical contact with the collector blades can be better ensured.
  • the wiper device 1 comprises a first wafer 11 and a second wafer 12 normally pressed against each other. On the figure 1 these slices 11, 12 are in a disjointed state.
  • the head of the blade 1 is slightly beveled, that is to say that the upper faces 31, 32 form a slight angle with the friction faces not visible on the figure 1 .
  • the figure 4 shows another example of a broom having such an angle. This can help ensure better mechanical stability.
  • a first wafer 41 is fixed by riveting to the first wafer 11.
  • This first wafer 41 comprises an attachment portion 415 secured by rivets 419 to the first wafer.
  • the first wafer 41 further comprises a support portion 416, integral with the attachment portion 415, and extend above the wafer heads 11 and 12, so that if a spring (no shown) exerts a pressure on an upper flat surface 411 of this bearing portion 416, the first wafer 11 undergoes this pressure due to the rigid attachment to the first wafer 41, and the second wafer 12 is also subjected to this pressure because the portion support 416 is then in abutment against a flat surface 421 of a second plate 42 rigidly fixed to the second wafer 12.
  • This second plate 42 comprises a fixing portion 425 fixed by means of rivets 422 to the second slice 12, and a bearing portion 426 generally tab-shaped. Parts 425, 426 are in one piece.
  • the tongue-shaped bearing portion 426 is housed between the upper surface 31 of the first slice 11, and a lower flat surface 412 of the bearing portion 416 of the first slab 41 opposite to the upper flat surface 411.
  • the flat surface 421 of the second wafer 42 exerts a pressure on the upper surface 31 of the first wafer 11, so that the first wafer 11 is driven to the collector.
  • the invention is in no way limited by the shape of the pressure system used. It may for example provide a spring, or other.
  • the rivets 419 (respectively 422) used for fixing the fixing portion 415 (respectively 425) extend tangentially so as to pass through the head 71 of the first wafer 11 (respectively the head 72 of the second wafer 12).
  • These rivets 419 are also used for fixing the cables 21,21 '(respectively, cables 22, 22'). More specifically, during the manufacture of the broom, cavities are formed in the slices 11, 12 to receive the rivets 419, 422. ends of the cables are wrapped around the rivets, then a weld is made to rigidly fix the cables and platelets on the slices.
  • the first plate 42 is overflowing, so that at the end of life, the portion 416 forming tab is locked on a not shown brush holder cage. Due to the cooperation of the portion 426 of the second wafer with the first wafer 11, the second wafer 12 also remains suspended.
  • This blade 1 is advantageous compared to the twin blade with existing support plate, in that the wear of the slices is more symmetrical than with these existing brushes. Indeed, with the twin brushes with existing support pads, the pressure exerted by the spring can be relatively uneven.
  • the second slice, called the driven slice may be likely to receive a lower pressure boost than the first slice, and as a result, there is a risk of slippage with respect to the first slice.
  • cables 22, 22 'attached to the second wafer are likely to be less stressed than in the prior art.
  • an electrical wear of the second wafer 12 may be less than in the prior art because with this wiper 1, the relative movements of excessive amplitude are thus prevented.
  • the invention can thus make it possible to limit the degradation of the collector and the disjunction of the generator.
  • the driven wafer 12 is also kept suspended, thanks to the second wafer 42.
  • the first plate 41 defines, in addition to the upper flat surface 411, two lateral flanges 413, 414 projecting from this surface 411. These flanges 413, 414 make it possible to maintain the end of the spring on the surface 411.
  • the plates 41 42 occupy a central position on the upper faces of the slices 11, 12 thus freeing the locations for fixing the cables 21, 21 ', 22, 22'.
  • notches 491 are formed on the heads of the slices 11, 12, to receive the bearing portion 426 of the wafer 42. These notches form a groove having dimensions substantially corresponding to those of this bearing portion 426.
  • the elevation of the bearing portion 426 thus remains limited, and advantageously the notches have a height (in the radial direction) slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet of metal from which the second plate is obtained, so that the support portion 426 of the second plate is flush with the upper surface of each of the slices 11, 12. It can thus be envisaged to use a first plate with the same dimensions and the same positioning relative to the first slice as in the prior art.
  • the support portion 426 is slid into the notch of the head of the leading edge 11.
  • the two slices can be relatively well adjusted relative to each other, and the spring support on the led slice 12 can be improved.
  • the bearing portion 426 of second plate 42 defines a projecting end 435
  • the first plate 41 defines a recess, not visible on the figure 3 , to receive this protruding end 435.
  • the second plate is bent at its free end and an arrangement is provided in the wafer 41 of the leading edge 11 so that the plates 41, 42 fit one into the other, thus improving the joining of the slices 11, 12.
  • a saw line 50 may be provided on a lateral face, or on both lateral faces.
  • the angle formed between the upper faces and a plane normal to the radial direction may be of the order of 15 °.
  • the friction faces 61, 62 are curved, the slices 11, 12 being shaped and arranged so that these faces 61, 62 form a surface with a relatively small discontinuity between the slices 11, 12.
  • a radially extending notch 118 may be defined in the first wafer to receive the attachment portion 415 of the first wafer 41.
  • the wafers 11 12 may be made of electrographite or metal-graphite material, for example copper-graphite or silver-graphite. These brushes can be mixed, especially for an application in the aeronautics.
  • the invention can thus improve the symmetry of wear of the wafers, and thus limit the risk of damage to the generator, in a relatively simple and reliable manner and without degradation of the performance of the brush.
  • the brush described above may be compatible with crowns known from the prior art.
  • This broom can be used instead of an existing broom.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
EP14815401.6A 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 Balai jumele avec plaquette d'appui Active EP3216095B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUE14815401A HUE043880T2 (hu) 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 Kettõs kefe támaszlappal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FR2014/052797 WO2016071580A1 (fr) 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 Balai jumele avec plaquette d'appui

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3216095A1 EP3216095A1 (fr) 2017-09-13
EP3216095B1 true EP3216095B1 (fr) 2019-01-09

Family

ID=52130510

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14815401.6A Active EP3216095B1 (fr) 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 Balai jumele avec plaquette d'appui

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10566754B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3216095B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN107005010B (zh)
BR (1) BR112017008505B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2965878C (zh)
HU (1) HUE043880T2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2016071580A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1482177A (en) * 1921-10-10 1924-01-29 William A Ziegler Internal-combustion engine
GB204566A (en) * 1922-11-03 1923-10-04 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to dynamo-electric machines
US2918591A (en) * 1955-05-27 1959-12-22 Morganite Inc Split brushes
US2959698A (en) * 1957-12-31 1960-11-08 Gen Electric Laminated carbon brush
US3158772A (en) 1962-12-18 1964-11-24 Stackpole Carbon Co Twin electric brush assembly with pressure arm wedge
FR1440852A (fr) 1965-04-23 1966-06-03 Lorraine Carbone Perfectionnement aux balais jumelés
FR1482177A (fr) 1966-04-08 1967-05-26 Ferraz & Cie Lucien Perfectionnements apportés aux dispositifs de porte-balai pour machines électriques réversibles
IT1188126B (it) * 1986-05-05 1987-12-30 Magneti Marelli Spa Portaspazzole particolarmente per alternatori
GB9520389D0 (en) * 1995-10-06 1995-12-06 Johnson Electric Sa Brush gear for an electronic motor
CN1203592C (zh) * 2001-12-10 2005-05-25 三菱电机株式会社 旋转电机用的电刷保持装置
DE102004063809A1 (de) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bürstenhalter für eine elektrische Maschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016071580A1 (fr) 2016-05-12
US10566754B2 (en) 2020-02-18
US20170324204A1 (en) 2017-11-09
HUE043880T2 (hu) 2019-09-30
BR112017008505B1 (pt) 2021-12-21
CA2965878C (fr) 2021-09-14
CN107005010A (zh) 2017-08-01
CN107005010B (zh) 2020-02-07
EP3216095A1 (fr) 2017-09-13
CA2965878A1 (fr) 2016-05-12
BR112017008505A2 (pt) 2017-12-26

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