EP3208513A1 - Ship tank support structure - Google Patents
Ship tank support structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3208513A1 EP3208513A1 EP14904210.3A EP14904210A EP3208513A1 EP 3208513 A1 EP3208513 A1 EP 3208513A1 EP 14904210 A EP14904210 A EP 14904210A EP 3208513 A1 EP3208513 A1 EP 3208513A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- ship
- members
- curved surface
- lubricating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/12—Supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
- F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a support structure of a tank mounted on a ship and storing a liquefied gas.
- Tanks in various shapes are used in liquefied gas carriers for marine transportation of a liquefied gas.
- a horizontal type circular cylindrical tank is supported by a pair of saddles spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the tank.
- Each saddle has an arc-shaped supporting surface extending along the outer peripheral surface of the tank so that even when the ship swings (in a case where the axial direction of the tank coincides with the ship length direction, even when the ship rolls), the saddles can receive the load of the tank including the contents therein.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a support structure of a tank, in which support units are interposed between the tank and supporting surfaces of respective saddles.
- Each support unit includes: a reinforcing plate joined to the outer peripheral surface of the tank; a plurality of partition walls arranged on the reinforcing plate in the circumferential direction of the tank; a pair of holding plates disposed on both sides of the partition walls; and block-shaped thermal-insulating liners fitted in respective rectangular spaces surrounded by the partition walls and the holding plates, the thermal-insulating liners being in contact with the supporting surface of the saddle.
- the tank, except its portions supported by the supports units, is covered with a thermal-insulating material.
- thermal-insulating liners in the support structure disclosed in Patent Literature 1 are divided up in the circumferential direction of the tank so that a reduction in the diameter of the tank (i.e., deformation of the tank in its radial direction) due to the thermal contraction can be accommodated. Cuts are made in both ends of each thermal-insulating liner in the circumferential direction. The cuts in adjoining thermal-insulating liners form a groove, which is open toward the supporting surface of the saddle. A flexible thermal-insulating material is disposed in the groove.
- Patent Literature 1 gives a description implying that when a reduction in the length of the tank (i.e., deformation of the tank in its axial direction) occurs due to thermal contraction, displacement of one of the support units in the axial direction of the tank is restricted while the other support unit is allowed to slide. This is based on the following technical feature: since the thermal-insulating liners are block-shaped, the thermal-insulating liners can follow the tank and are thereby displaceable in the axial direction of the tank without requiring any special measures.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a support structure of a ship tank, the support structure including a hollow support unit capable of bearing the swinging of a ship and accommodating a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
- a support structure of a ship tank is a support structure of a horizontal type circular cylindrical tank mounted on a ship and storing a liquefied gas.
- the support structure includes: a curved surface facing an outer peripheral surface of the tank; and a support unit supporting the tank on the curved surface and extending in a circumferential direction of the tank.
- the support unit includes: a plurality of tubular elements arranged in the circumferential direction of the tank such that an axial direction of each of the tubular elements coincides with a radial direction of the tank; a plurality of inner members each holding, on the outer peripheral surface of the tank, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at the tank side; and a plurality of outer members each holding, on the curved surface, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at an opposite side to the tank.
- the plurality of inner members are fixed to the tank.
- the plurality of outer members are configured to be slidable on the curved surface in an axial direction of the tank.
- the "circumferential direction of the tank” herein means a direction around the center of the tank on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank.
- the "radial direction of the tank” herein means a direction extending radially from the center of the tank on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank.
- the support unit extending in the circumferential direction of the tank is hollow. Since the axial direction of each tubular element coincides with the radial direction of the tank, even when the ship swings, the load of the tank including the contents therein is mainly dispersed as compressive force in the axial direction of each tubular element regardless of the orientation of the ship. Therefore, the support unit can bear the load of the tank even when the ship swings. Moreover, the inner members are fixed to the tank, and the outer members are slidable in the axial direction of the tank. This makes it possible to accommodate a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
- At least one outer member disposed near a lowest point of the tank may be a restricted outer member whose movement in the circumferential direction of the tank is restricted.
- outer members positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member may be unrestricted outer members movable in the circumferential direction of the tank. According to this configuration, even when a reduction in the diameter of the tank occurs due to thermal contraction, the position of the restricted outer member in the circumferential direction of the tank does not change. Therefore, the reduction in the diameter of the tank can be caused to occur in a stable manner such that the lowest point of the tank serves as a reference point for the diameter reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the diameter reduction).
- the unrestricted outer members positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member are movable in the circumferential direction of the tank, the unrestricted outer members can be moved together with the tubular elements.
- the plurality of outer members may slide on a lubricating sheet fixed on the curved surface. According to this configuration, lubricity can be imparted to the curved surface with the lubricating sheet, which can be readily manufactured.
- the lubricating sheet may include: a base layer contacting the curved surface; and a lubricating layer formed on the base layer.
- the lubricating sheet may be divided in the circumferential direction of the tank into a plurality of lubricating pieces.
- Each of the plurality of lubricating pieces may be fitted in an enclosure formed by coamings attached to the curved surface. According to this configuration, the lubricating pieces can be fixed in a simpler manner than in a case where the lubricating pieces are fixed by bolting or welding.
- Each of the plurality of tubular elements may be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. According to this configuration, heat transfer via the tubular elements can be reduced significantly compared to a case where each of the tubular elements is made of a metal.
- the curved surface may be an inner peripheral surface of an outer shell that encapsulates the tank such that a vacuum space is formed between the tank and the outer shell. According to this configuration, the liquefied gas can be kept at low temperatures for a long period of time owing to the vacuum space formed between the tank and the outer shell.
- the present invention makes it possible to provide a support structure of a ship tank, the support structure including a hollow support unit capable of bearing the swinging of a ship and accommodating a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
- Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a liquefied gas carrier 1, which adopts a support structure of a ship tank according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- two horizontal type circular cylindrical tanks 2, which are mounted on the liquefied gas carrier 1 are arranged side by side in the ship length direction.
- Each of the tanks 2 is encapsulated in an outer shell 3.
- each tank 2 and its outer shell 3 form a double shell.
- Each tank 2 serves to store a liquefied gas 9.
- the liquefied gas 9 is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG, about -45°C), liquefied ethylene gas (LEG, about -100°C), liquefied natural gas (LNG, about -160°C), or liquefied hydrogen (LH 2 , about -250°C).
- Each tank 2 includes: a body portion extending in a transverse direction (ship length direction) with a constant cross-sectional shape; and hemispherical sealing portions sealing openings on both sides of the body portion.
- each sealing portion may have a flat shape parallel to the vertical direction, or may be dish-shaped.
- the outer shell 3 has such a shape that a space with a constant thickness is formed around the tank 2.
- the space between the outer shell 3 and the tank 2 is a vacuum space.
- the space between the outer shell 3 and the tank 2 may have an atmospheric pressure, and the space may be filled with a thermal-insulating material.
- a pair of saddles 11 spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the tank 2 is provided for each tank 2.
- the pair of saddles 11 supports the body portion of the tank 2 via the outer shell 3 and support units 4.
- the support units 4 will be described below.
- Each saddle 11 includes a supporting surface 11 a, which makes surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 3.
- the supporting surface 11 a when seen in the axial direction of the tank 2, the supporting surface 11 a extends from the lowest point of the outer shell 3 to both sides such that the supporting surface 11a extends by substantially 90 degrees to each side.
- the supporting surface 11 a forms a semicircular recess, in which substantially the half of the outer shell 3 is fitted.
- the angle by which the supporting surface 11 a of the saddle 11 extends to each side from the lowest point the outer shell 3 need not be substantially 90 degrees, but may be suitably set to a different angle.
- a pair of support units 4 spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the tank 2 is disposed between the outer shell 3 and the tank 2.
- the positions where the pair of support units 4 is disposed coincide with the positions where the pair of saddles 11 is disposed.
- the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell 3 faces the outer peripheral surface of the tank 2, and corresponds to a curved surface of the present invention.
- Each support unit 4 supports the tank 2 on the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell 3.
- both the support units 4 have the same structure, and support the tank 2 such that the tank 2 is movable in the axial direction.
- the tank 2 is connected to the outer shell 3 by a connector (not shown) that is disposed at a position different from the positions of the support units 4, such that the positional relationship between the tank 2 and the outer shell 3 is fixed.
- the connector serves as a reference point for the length reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the length reduction).
- a support unit that fixes the positional relationship between the tank 2 and the outer shell 3 in the axial direction of the tank 2 may be disposed.
- Each support unit 4 extends in the circumferential direction of the tank 2.
- the space formed between the tank 2 and the outer shell 3 is a vacuum space as mentioned above, the outer peripheral surface of the tank 2 except its portions supported by the support units 4 is covered with a vacuum thermal-insulating material (not shown).
- each support unit 4 includes: a plurality of tubular elements 5 arranged in the circumferential direction of the tank 2; a plurality of inner members 6 interposed between the tank 2 and the tubular elements 5; and a plurality of outer members 7 interposed between the outer shell 3 and the tubular elements 5.
- the tubular elements 5 are disposed such that the axial direction of each tubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of the tank 2.
- the wording "the axial direction of each tubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of the tank 2" means that the axial direction of each tubular element 5 is substantially parallel to the radial direction of the tank 2 (e.g., the difference between the angles of these directions is not greater than 5 degrees).
- the tubular elements 5 may be arranged zigzag.
- the cross-sectional shape of each tubular element 5 is a circular shape.
- the cross-sectional shape of each tubular element 5 may be a polygonal shape.
- each tubular element 5 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP).
- each tubular element 5 may be made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) or a different FRP (e.g., fabric reinforced phenolic resin), or may be made of a metal.
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- FRP fabric reinforced phenolic resin
- each inner member 6 holds an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements 5 at the tank 2 side (this end portion is hereinafter referred to as "the inner end portion").
- a reinforcing plate 41 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the tank 2 and all the inner members 6.
- the inner members 6 are fixed to the tank 2 via the reinforcing plate 41.
- the reinforcing plate 41 is a belt-like plate extending in the circumferential direction of the tank 2, and is joined to the outer peripheral surface 2a of the tank 2, for example, by welding.
- the inner members 6 are joined to the reinforcing plate 41, for example, by welding.
- the method of fixing the inner members 6 to the tank 2 is not thus limited.
- tubular members that allow the inner members 6 to fit therein may be joined to the reinforcing plate 41 by welding, and the inner members 6 may be fastened to the tubular members by pins or the like.
- stud bolts may be installed on the reinforcing plate 41, and the inner members 6 may be fixed by nuts screwed on the stud bolts.
- each inner member 6 has a central opening such that the inner member 6 has an annular shape. Accordingly, the reinforcing plate 41 is exposed inside the tubular elements 5. It is desirable that the reinforcing plate 41 exposed inside the tubular elements 5 be covered with a vacuum thermal-insulating material. It should be noted that each inner member 6 need not have a central opening, but may be plate-shaped such that each inner member 6 blocks the opening of the corresponding tubular element 5 at the tank 2 side.
- the tubular elements 5 may be adhered to the inner members 6 by using an adhesive.
- an adhesive in order to hold the inner end portions of the tubular elements 5 by the inner members 6, the tubular elements 5 may be adhered to the inner members 6 by using an adhesive.
- a vacuum double-shell structure as in the present embodiment, there is a risk of release of outgas from the adhesive since the environment surrounding the adhesive is a vacuum environment.
- a fitting structure is adopted to prevent the risk.
- each inner member 6 includes: a peripheral wall 62 overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding tubular element 5; and a ring portion 61 protruding radially inward from an end portion of the peripheral wall 62 at the tank 2 side and contacting an end face of the tubular element 5 at the tank 2 side.
- the peripheral wall 62 of each inner member 6 may be fastened to the corresponding tubular element 5 by pins or the like.
- an alternative fitting structure may be adopted, in which each inner member 6 is fitted inside the inner end portion of the corresponding tubular element 5. That is, the peripheral wall 62 of the inner member 6 may overlap the inner peripheral surface of the tubular element 5.
- each outer member 7 holds an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements 5 at the outer shell 3 side (this end portion is hereinafter referred to as "the outer end portion").
- the outer members 7 are configured to be slidable on the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer shell 3 in the axial direction of the tank 2.
- a lubricating sheet 8 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3 and all the outer members 7.
- the lubricating sheet 8 is a belt-like sheet extending in the circumferential direction of the tank 2, and is fixed on the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3.
- the outer members 7 slide on the lubricating sheet 8.
- each outer member 7 has a central opening such that the outer member 7 has an annular shape. Accordingly, the lubricating sheet 8 is exposed inside the tubular elements 5.
- each outer member 7 need not have a central opening, but may be plate-shaped such that each outer member 7 blocks the opening of the corresponding tubular element 5 at the outer shell 3 side.
- each outer member 7 has an L-shaped cross section and includes: a peripheral wall 72 overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding tubular element 5; and a ring portion 71 protruding radially inward from an end portion of the peripheral wall 72 at the outer shell 3 side and contacting an end face of the tubular element 5 at the outer shell 3 side.
- the peripheral wall 72 of each outer member 7 may be fastened to the corresponding tubular element 5 by pins or the like.
- an alternative fitting structure may be adopted, in which each outer member 7 is fitted inside the outer end portion of the corresponding tubular element 5. That is, the peripheral wall 72 of the outer member 7 may overlap the inner peripheral surface of the tubular element 5.
- At least one outer member 7 disposed near the lowest point P of the tank 2 is a restricted outer member 7A whose movement in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 is restricted.
- those positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member 7A are unrestricted outer members 7B movable in the circumferential direction of the tank 2.
- the restricted outer member 7A only the outer member 7 positioned directly below the lowest point P of the tank 2 is the restricted outer member 7A.
- the outer member 7 positioned directly below the lowest point P of the tank 2 and both adjoining outer members 7, i.e., a total of three outer members 7, may be restricted outer members 7A.
- the restricted outer member 7A includes: four substantially triangular guide portions 73, which protrude opposite to the ring portion 71 from the end portion of the peripheral wall 72 at the outer shell 3 side in a manner to form a substantially square contour.
- each unrestricted outer member 7B is such that the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 72 forms a circular contour of the unrestricted outer member 7B.
- each unrestricted outer member 7B has an L-shaped cross section similar to the inner members 6, and the restricted outer member 7A includes L-shaped cross-sectional portions and T-shaped cross-sectional portions.
- each of the special coamings 91 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the special coamings 91 extend in the axial direction of the tank 2 and are in contact with the guide portions 73 of the restricted outer member 7A. That is, the special coamings 91 restrict the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2, and also guide the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the axial direction of the tank 2.
- the lubricating sheet 8 is divided in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 into a plurality of lubricating pieces.
- the plurality of lubricating pieces include the following two types of lubricating pieces: a small lubricating piece 81 disposed at the center of the support unit 4 and receiving the restricted outer member 7A; and large lubricating pieces 82 disposed at both sides of the small lubricating piece 81 and each receiving two unrestricted outer members 7B.
- each of the large lubricating pieces 82 may receive three or more unrestricted outer members 7B.
- the lubricating sheet 8 may be divided into the same number of lubricating pieces as the number of outer members 7, such that each lubricating piece receives a corresponding one of the outer members 7.
- each of the normal coamings 93 is disposed at both sides of each outer member 7.
- the normal coamings 93 are attached to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3, for example, by welding.
- each of the normal coamings 93 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and extends in the circumferential direction of the tank 2.
- the small lubricating piece 81 is fitted in an enclosure formed by the above-described special coamings 91 and normal coamings 93.
- normal coamings 92 are arranged such that one normal coaming 92 is disposed between every other pair of unrestricted outer members 7B.
- the normal coamings 92 are attached to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3, for example, by welding.
- each of the normal coamings 92 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and extends in the axial direction of the tank 2.
- each of the large lubricating pieces 82 is fitted in an enclosure formed by a special coaming 91, normal coamings 93, and a normal coaming 92, or in an enclosure formed by normal coamings 93 and normal coamings 92.
- each of the small lubricating piece 81 and the large lubricating pieces 82 includes: a base layer 8a contacting the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3; and a lubricating layer 8b formed on the base layer 8a.
- the base layer 8a is made of a material with sufficient strength (e.g., a metal such as stainless steel).
- the lubricating layer 8b is made of a material with high lubricity (e.g., a resin such as PEEK (polyether ether ketone) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or a metal such as silver or molybdenum disulfide).
- each of the lubricating pieces may be a single-layered piece made of a material with high lubricity.
- the support unit 4 extending in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 is hollow. Since the axial direction of each tubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of the tank 2, even when the ship swings, the load of the tank 2 including the contents therein is mainly dispersed as compressive force in the axial direction of each tubular element 5 regardless of the orientation of the ship. Therefore, the support unit 4 can bear the load of the tank 2 even when the ship swings. Moreover, the inner members 6 are fixed to the tank 2, and the outer members 7 are slidable in the axial direction of the tank 2. This makes it possible to accommodate a reduction in the length of the tank 2 due to thermal contraction.
- the restricted outer member 7A is disposed at the center of the support unit 4, even when a reduction in the diameter of the tank 2 occurs due to thermal contraction, the position of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 does not change. Therefore, the reduction in the diameter of the tank 2 can be caused to occur in a stable manner such that the lowest point P of the tank 2 serves as a reference point for the diameter reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the diameter reduction).
- the unrestricted outer members 7B positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member 7A are movable in the circumferential direction of the tank 2, the unrestricted outer members 7B can be moved together with the tubular elements 5.
- the lubricating sheet 8 is fixed on the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3. In this manner, lubricity can be imparted to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3 with the lubricating sheet, which can be readily manufactured.
- Each of the lubricating pieces 81 and 82 forming the lubricating sheet 8 is fitted in an enclosure formed by the coamings. According to this configuration, the lubricating pieces 81 and 82 can be fixed in a simpler manner than in a case where the lubricating pieces are fixed by bolting or welding.
- each of the tubular elements 5 is made of GFRP, heat transfer via the tubular elements 5 can be reduced significantly compared to a case where each of the tubular elements 5 is made of a metal.
- the space formed between the tank 2 and the outer shell 3 is a vacuum space, the liquefied gas 9 can be kept at low temperatures for a long period of time.
- the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 is restricted by the special coamings 91 attached to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3.
- the special coamings 91 may be replaced by normal coamings 92 that form, together with normal coamings 93, the enclosure in which the small lubricating piece 81 is fitted, and separately from the normal coamings 92, guide pieces (not shown) that guide the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the axial direction of the tank 2 may be attached to the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3.
- the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 may be restricted by guide pieces 85 attached to the base layer 8a of the lubricating sheet 8.
- the lubricating sheet 8 may be a single sheet that is continuous over its entire length.
- the lubricating layer 8b may be formed only between the guide pieces 85.
- the lubricating sheet 8 be fixed on the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3 by the coamings.
- a pair of guide pieces 94 which restricts the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2, may be attached onto the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer shell 3, and fitting holes 8c, in which the respective guide pieces 94 are fitted, may be formed in the lubricating sheet 8.
- the single continuous lubricating sheet 8 can be fixed by utilizing the guide pieces 94.
- a pair of rails 95 may be attached onto the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3, and the lubricating sheet 8 may be inserted in a space surrounded by the rails 95.
- the lubricating sheet 8 may be divided into a plurality of lubricating pieces, or may be a single sheet continuous over its entire length.
- a pair of guide pieces 96 may be attached to the rails 95 so as to connect these rails 95, and the movement of the restricted outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of the tank 2 may be restricted by these guide pieces 96.
- bolting or welding may be adopted as a method of fixing the lubricating sheet 8 on the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer shell 3.
- each outer member 7 can be configured to be slidable in the axial direction of the tank 2 without using the lubricating sheet 8.
- each outer member 7 may be made of a material with high lubricity.
- a lubricant such as lubricating oil may be applied onto the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer shell 3 or onto a contact surface of each outer member 7 where the outer member 7 contacts the outer shell 3.
- each support unit 4 may support the tank 2 on the supporting surface 11 a of the corresponding saddle 11. That is, the curved surface of the present invention may be the supporting surface 11a of the saddle 11.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a support structure of a tank mounted on a ship and storing a liquefied gas.
- Tanks in various shapes are used in liquefied gas carriers for marine transportation of a liquefied gas. Among these tanks, there is a case where a horizontal type circular cylindrical tank is supported by a pair of saddles spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the tank. Each saddle has an arc-shaped supporting surface extending along the outer peripheral surface of the tank so that even when the ship swings (in a case where the axial direction of the tank coincides with the ship length direction, even when the ship rolls), the saddles can receive the load of the tank including the contents therein.
- For example,
Patent Literature 1 discloses a support structure of a tank, in which support units are interposed between the tank and supporting surfaces of respective saddles. Each support unit includes: a reinforcing plate joined to the outer peripheral surface of the tank; a plurality of partition walls arranged on the reinforcing plate in the circumferential direction of the tank; a pair of holding plates disposed on both sides of the partition walls; and block-shaped thermal-insulating liners fitted in respective rectangular spaces surrounded by the partition walls and the holding plates, the thermal-insulating liners being in contact with the supporting surface of the saddle. The tank, except its portions supported by the supports units, is covered with a thermal-insulating material. - Since a liquefied gas to be stored in the tank is a low-temperature gas, when the liquefied gas is fed into the tank, thermal contraction of the tank occurs. The thermal-insulating liners in the support structure disclosed in
Patent Literature 1 are divided up in the circumferential direction of the tank so that a reduction in the diameter of the tank (i.e., deformation of the tank in its radial direction) due to the thermal contraction can be accommodated. Cuts are made in both ends of each thermal-insulating liner in the circumferential direction. The cuts in adjoining thermal-insulating liners form a groove, which is open toward the supporting surface of the saddle. A flexible thermal-insulating material is disposed in the groove. -
Patent Literature 1 gives a description implying that when a reduction in the length of the tank (i.e., deformation of the tank in its axial direction) occurs due to thermal contraction, displacement of one of the support units in the axial direction of the tank is restricted while the other support unit is allowed to slide. This is based on the following technical feature: since the thermal-insulating liners are block-shaped, the thermal-insulating liners can follow the tank and are thereby displaceable in the axial direction of the tank without requiring any special measures. - PTL 1:
Japanese Patent No. 3708055 - In the case of a support unit as disclosed in
Patent Literature 1 in which block-shaped thermal-insulating liners are used, there is a risk that a large amount of heat enters the tank from the outside via the thermal-insulating liners. In order to suppress evaporation of the liquefied gas during the transportation, it is desirable that heat transfer by the support unit be reduced. For example, it is conceivable to form a hollow support unit with a small cross-sectional area in order to reduce a heat transfer area. However, in the case of such a hollow support unit, the issue is what structure should to be adopted so that the support unit can bear the load of the tank when the ship swings and so that the support unit can be displaced in the axial direction of the tank when a reduction in the length of the tank occurs due to thermal contraction. - In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a support structure of a ship tank, the support structure including a hollow support unit capable of bearing the swinging of a ship and accommodating a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
- In order to solve the above-described problems, a support structure of a ship tank according to the present invention is a support structure of a horizontal type circular cylindrical tank mounted on a ship and storing a liquefied gas. The support structure includes: a curved surface facing an outer peripheral surface of the tank; and a support unit supporting the tank on the curved surface and extending in a circumferential direction of the tank. The support unit includes: a plurality of tubular elements arranged in the circumferential direction of the tank such that an axial direction of each of the tubular elements coincides with a radial direction of the tank; a plurality of inner members each holding, on the outer peripheral surface of the tank, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at the tank side; and a plurality of outer members each holding, on the curved surface, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at an opposite side to the tank. The plurality of inner members are fixed to the tank. The plurality of outer members are configured to be slidable on the curved surface in an axial direction of the tank.
- The "circumferential direction of the tank" herein means a direction around the center of the tank on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank. The "radial direction of the tank" herein means a direction extending radially from the center of the tank on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tank.
- According to the above configuration, owing to the tubular elements arranged in the circumferential direction of the tank, the support unit extending in the circumferential direction of the tank is hollow. Since the axial direction of each tubular element coincides with the radial direction of the tank, even when the ship swings, the load of the tank including the contents therein is mainly dispersed as compressive force in the axial direction of each tubular element regardless of the orientation of the ship. Therefore, the support unit can bear the load of the tank even when the ship swings. Moreover, the inner members are fixed to the tank, and the outer members are slidable in the axial direction of the tank. This makes it possible to accommodate a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
- Among the plurality of outer members, at least one outer member disposed near a lowest point of the tank may be a restricted outer member whose movement in the circumferential direction of the tank is restricted. Among the plurality of outer members, outer members positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member may be unrestricted outer members movable in the circumferential direction of the tank. According to this configuration, even when a reduction in the diameter of the tank occurs due to thermal contraction, the position of the restricted outer member in the circumferential direction of the tank does not change. Therefore, the reduction in the diameter of the tank can be caused to occur in a stable manner such that the lowest point of the tank serves as a reference point for the diameter reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the diameter reduction). In addition, since the unrestricted outer members positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member are movable in the circumferential direction of the tank, the unrestricted outer members can be moved together with the tubular elements.
- The plurality of outer members may slide on a lubricating sheet fixed on the curved surface. According to this configuration, lubricity can be imparted to the curved surface with the lubricating sheet, which can be readily manufactured.
- For example, the lubricating sheet may include: a base layer contacting the curved surface; and a lubricating layer formed on the base layer.
- The lubricating sheet may be divided in the circumferential direction of the tank into a plurality of lubricating pieces. Each of the plurality of lubricating pieces may be fitted in an enclosure formed by coamings attached to the curved surface. According to this configuration, the lubricating pieces can be fixed in a simpler manner than in a case where the lubricating pieces are fixed by bolting or welding.
- Each of the plurality of tubular elements may be made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. According to this configuration, heat transfer via the tubular elements can be reduced significantly compared to a case where each of the tubular elements is made of a metal.
- The curved surface may be an inner peripheral surface of an outer shell that encapsulates the tank such that a vacuum space is formed between the tank and the outer shell. According to this configuration, the liquefied gas can be kept at low temperatures for a long period of time owing to the vacuum space formed between the tank and the outer shell.
- The present invention makes it possible to provide a support structure of a ship tank, the support structure including a hollow support unit capable of bearing the swinging of a ship and accommodating a reduction in the length of the tank due to thermal contraction.
-
-
Fig.1 is a side view of a liquefied gas carrier adopting a support structure of a ship tank according to one embodiment of the present invention. -
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II ofFig. 1 . -
Fig. 3 is a sectional front view near the center of a support unit. -
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view showing a small lubricating piece disposed at the center of the support unit and a restricted outer member on the small lubricating piece. -
Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view showing large lubricating pieces disposed at both sides of the small lubricating piece and unrestricted outer members on the large lubricating pieces. -
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a lubricating piece. -
Fig. 7A is a sectional front view andFig. 7B is a sectional plan view, each showing another structure for restricting the movement of the restricted outer member in a circumferential direction. -
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing another structure for fixing a lubricating sheet. -
Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing yet another structure for fixing the lubricating sheet. -
Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a liquefied gas carrier adopting a support structure of a ship tank according another embodiment. -
Fig. 1 andFig. 2 show aliquefied gas carrier 1, which adopts a support structure of a ship tank according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, two horizontal type circularcylindrical tanks 2, which are mounted on the liquefiedgas carrier 1, are arranged side by side in the ship length direction. Each of thetanks 2 is encapsulated in anouter shell 3. In other words, eachtank 2 and itsouter shell 3 form a double shell. - Each
tank 2 serves to store a liquefiedgas 9. For example, the liquefiedgas 9 is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG, about -45°C), liquefied ethylene gas (LEG, about -100°C), liquefied natural gas (LNG, about -160°C), or liquefied hydrogen (LH2, about -250°C). - Each
tank 2 includes: a body portion extending in a transverse direction (ship length direction) with a constant cross-sectional shape; and hemispherical sealing portions sealing openings on both sides of the body portion. It should be noted that, alternatively, each sealing portion may have a flat shape parallel to the vertical direction, or may be dish-shaped. Theouter shell 3 has such a shape that a space with a constant thickness is formed around thetank 2. In the present embodiment, the space between theouter shell 3 and thetank 2 is a vacuum space. However, as an alternative, the space between theouter shell 3 and thetank 2 may have an atmospheric pressure, and the space may be filled with a thermal-insulating material. - In a
hull 12 of the liquefiedgas carrier 1, a pair ofsaddles 11 spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of thetank 2 is provided for eachtank 2. The pair ofsaddles 11 supports the body portion of thetank 2 via theouter shell 3 andsupport units 4. Thesupport units 4 will be described below. - Each
saddle 11 includes a supportingsurface 11 a, which makes surface contact with the outer peripheral surface of theouter shell 3. In the present embodiment, when seen in the axial direction of thetank 2, the supportingsurface 11 a extends from the lowest point of theouter shell 3 to both sides such that the supportingsurface 11a extends by substantially 90 degrees to each side. In other words, the supportingsurface 11 a forms a semicircular recess, in which substantially the half of theouter shell 3 is fitted. However, the angle by which the supportingsurface 11 a of thesaddle 11 extends to each side from the lowest point theouter shell 3 need not be substantially 90 degrees, but may be suitably set to a different angle. - A pair of
support units 4 spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of thetank 2 is disposed between theouter shell 3 and thetank 2. The positions where the pair ofsupport units 4 is disposed coincide with the positions where the pair ofsaddles 11 is disposed. - The inner peripheral surface of the
outer shell 3 faces the outer peripheral surface of thetank 2, and corresponds to a curved surface of the present invention. Eachsupport unit 4 supports thetank 2 on the inner peripheral surface of theouter shell 3. In the present embodiment, both thesupport units 4 have the same structure, and support thetank 2 such that thetank 2 is movable in the axial direction. Thetank 2 is connected to theouter shell 3 by a connector (not shown) that is disposed at a position different from the positions of thesupport units 4, such that the positional relationship between thetank 2 and theouter shell 3 is fixed. When a reduction in the length of thetank 2 occurs due to thermal contraction, the connector serves as a reference point for the length reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the length reduction). - However, above either the fore-
side saddle 11 or the aft-side saddle 11, instead of thesupport unit 4 supporting thetank 2 such that thetank 2 is movable in the axial direction, a support unit that fixes the positional relationship between thetank 2 and theouter shell 3 in the axial direction of thetank 2 may be disposed. - Each
support unit 4 extends in the circumferential direction of thetank 2. In the present embodiment, since the space formed between thetank 2 and theouter shell 3 is a vacuum space as mentioned above, the outer peripheral surface of thetank 2 except its portions supported by thesupport units 4 is covered with a vacuum thermal-insulating material (not shown). - Specifically, as shown in
Fig. 3 , eachsupport unit 4 includes: a plurality oftubular elements 5 arranged in the circumferential direction of thetank 2; a plurality ofinner members 6 interposed between thetank 2 and thetubular elements 5; and a plurality ofouter members 7 interposed between theouter shell 3 and thetubular elements 5. - The
tubular elements 5 are disposed such that the axial direction of eachtubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of thetank 2. The wording "the axial direction of eachtubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of thetank 2" means that the axial direction of eachtubular element 5 is substantially parallel to the radial direction of the tank 2 (e.g., the difference between the angles of these directions is not greater than 5 degrees). It should be noted that it is not essential that all thetubular elements 5 be arranged on a single straight line extending in the circumferential direction of thetank 2. Thetubular elements 5 may be arranged zigzag. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of eachtubular element 5 is a circular shape. However, as an alternative, the cross-sectional shape of eachtubular element 5 may be a polygonal shape. - In the present embodiment, each
tubular element 5 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP). However, as an alternative, eachtubular element 5 may be made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) or a different FRP (e.g., fabric reinforced phenolic resin), or may be made of a metal. In a case where the space formed between thetank 2 and theouter shell 3 is a vacuum space as in the present embodiment, it is desirable to perform plating treatment on eachtubular element 5, such that a metal plating layer (not shown) is formed on each of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of thetubular element 5. The plating layer serves to prevent release of outgas from the GFRPtubular element 5 facing the vacuum space. - On the outer
peripheral surface 2a of thetank 2, eachinner member 6 holds an end portion of a corresponding one of thetubular elements 5 at thetank 2 side (this end portion is hereinafter referred to as "the inner end portion"). In the present embodiment, a reinforcingplate 41 is disposed between the outerperipheral surface 2a of thetank 2 and all theinner members 6. Theinner members 6 are fixed to thetank 2 via the reinforcingplate 41. The reinforcingplate 41 is a belt-like plate extending in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, and is joined to the outerperipheral surface 2a of thetank 2, for example, by welding. Theinner members 6 are joined to the reinforcingplate 41, for example, by welding. - However, the method of fixing the
inner members 6 to thetank 2 is not thus limited. For example, tubular members that allow theinner members 6 to fit therein may be joined to the reinforcingplate 41 by welding, and theinner members 6 may be fastened to the tubular members by pins or the like. Alternatively, stud bolts may be installed on the reinforcingplate 41, and theinner members 6 may be fixed by nuts screwed on the stud bolts. - In the present embodiment, each
inner member 6 has a central opening such that theinner member 6 has an annular shape. Accordingly, the reinforcingplate 41 is exposed inside thetubular elements 5. It is desirable that the reinforcingplate 41 exposed inside thetubular elements 5 be covered with a vacuum thermal-insulating material. It should be noted that eachinner member 6 need not have a central opening, but may be plate-shaped such that eachinner member 6 blocks the opening of the correspondingtubular element 5 at thetank 2 side. - In order to hold the inner end portions of the
tubular elements 5 by theinner members 6, thetubular elements 5 may be adhered to theinner members 6 by using an adhesive. However, in the case of a vacuum double-shell structure as in the present embodiment, there is a risk of release of outgas from the adhesive since the environment surrounding the adhesive is a vacuum environment. In the present embodiment, a fitting structure is adopted to prevent the risk. - The fitting structure adopted by the present embodiment is a structure in which the inner end portion of each
tubular element 5 is fitted in the correspondinginner member 6. Specifically, eachinner member 6 includes: aperipheral wall 62 overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the correspondingtubular element 5; and aring portion 61 protruding radially inward from an end portion of theperipheral wall 62 at thetank 2 side and contacting an end face of thetubular element 5 at thetank 2 side. Theperipheral wall 62 of eachinner member 6 may be fastened to the correspondingtubular element 5 by pins or the like. However, conversely to the present embodiment, an alternative fitting structure may be adopted, in which eachinner member 6 is fitted inside the inner end portion of the correspondingtubular element 5. That is, theperipheral wall 62 of theinner member 6 may overlap the inner peripheral surface of thetubular element 5. - On the inner
peripheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3, eachouter member 7 holds an end portion of a corresponding one of thetubular elements 5 at theouter shell 3 side (this end portion is hereinafter referred to as "the outer end portion"). Theouter members 7 are configured to be slidable on the innerperipheral surface 3 a of theouter shell 3 in the axial direction of thetank 2. - In the present embodiment, a
lubricating sheet 8 is disposed between the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3 and all theouter members 7. Thelubricating sheet 8 is a belt-like sheet extending in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, and is fixed on the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3. Theouter members 7 slide on thelubricating sheet 8. - In the present embodiment, each
outer member 7 has a central opening such that theouter member 7 has an annular shape. Accordingly, thelubricating sheet 8 is exposed inside thetubular elements 5. However, eachouter member 7 need not have a central opening, but may be plate-shaped such that eachouter member 7 blocks the opening of the correspondingtubular element 5 at theouter shell 3 side. - Similar to the
inner members 6, theouter members 7 also adopt a fitting structure from the viewpoint of avoiding the use of an adhesive. The fitting structure adopted by the present embodiment is a structure in which the outer end portion of eachtubular element 5 is fitted in the correspondingouter member 7. Specifically, eachouter member 7 has an L-shaped cross section and includes: aperipheral wall 72 overlapping the outer peripheral surface of the correspondingtubular element 5; and aring portion 71 protruding radially inward from an end portion of theperipheral wall 72 at theouter shell 3 side and contacting an end face of thetubular element 5 at theouter shell 3 side. Theperipheral wall 72 of eachouter member 7 may be fastened to the correspondingtubular element 5 by pins or the like. However, conversely to the present embodiment, an alternative fitting structure may be adopted, in which eachouter member 7 is fitted inside the outer end portion of the correspondingtubular element 5. That is, theperipheral wall 72 of theouter member 7 may overlap the inner peripheral surface of thetubular element 5. - Among the
outer members 7, at least oneouter member 7 disposed near the lowest point P of thetank 2 is a restrictedouter member 7A whose movement in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 is restricted. Meanwhile, among theouter members 7, those positioned at both sides of the restrictedouter member 7A are unrestrictedouter members 7B movable in the circumferential direction of thetank 2. In the present embodiment, only theouter member 7 positioned directly below the lowest point P of thetank 2 is the restrictedouter member 7A. However, alternatively, for example, theouter member 7 positioned directly below the lowest point P of thetank 2 and both adjoiningouter members 7, i.e., a total of threeouter members 7, may be restrictedouter members 7A. - As shown in
Fig. 4 , the restrictedouter member 7A includes: four substantiallytriangular guide portions 73, which protrude opposite to thering portion 71 from the end portion of theperipheral wall 72 at theouter shell 3 side in a manner to form a substantially square contour. On the other hand, as shown inFig. 5 , each unrestrictedouter member 7B is such that the outer peripheral surface of theperipheral wall 72 forms a circular contour of the unrestrictedouter member 7B. In other words, each unrestrictedouter member 7B has an L-shaped cross section similar to theinner members 6, and the restrictedouter member 7A includes L-shaped cross-sectional portions and T-shaped cross-sectional portions. - As shown in
Fig. 4 , in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, a pair ofspecial coamings 91 is disposed at both sides of the restrictedouter member 7A. Thespecial coamings 91 are attached to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3, for example, by welding. For example, each of thespecial coamings 91 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and thespecial coamings 91 extend in the axial direction of thetank 2 and are in contact with theguide portions 73 of the restrictedouter member 7A. That is, thespecial coamings 91 restrict the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, and also guide the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the axial direction of thetank 2. - On the other hand, as shown in
Fig. 5 , around each unrestrictedouter member 7B, there is nothing being in contact with the unrestrictedouter member 7B. Therefore, the unrestrictedouter members 7B are freely movable in the axial direction and circumferential direction of thetank 2. - The
lubricating sheet 8, which is sandwiched between the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3 and all theouter members 7, has such a width that thelubricating sheet 8 extends in the axial direction of thetank 2 beyond both sides of eachouter member 7. In the present embodiment, thelubricating sheet 8 is divided in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 into a plurality of lubricating pieces. The plurality of lubricating pieces include the following two types of lubricating pieces: asmall lubricating piece 81 disposed at the center of thesupport unit 4 and receiving the restrictedouter member 7A; andlarge lubricating pieces 82 disposed at both sides of thesmall lubricating piece 81 and each receiving two unrestrictedouter members 7B. It should be noted that each of thelarge lubricating pieces 82 may receive three or more unrestrictedouter members 7B. Alternatively, thelubricating sheet 8 may be divided into the same number of lubricating pieces as the number ofouter members 7, such that each lubricating piece receives a corresponding one of theouter members 7. - As shown in
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 , in the axial direction of thetank 2, a pair ofnormal coamings 93 is disposed at both sides of eachouter member 7. Thenormal coamings 93 are attached to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3, for example, by welding. For example, each of thenormal coamings 93 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and extends in the circumferential direction of thetank 2. As shown inFig. 4 , thesmall lubricating piece 81 is fitted in an enclosure formed by the above-describedspecial coamings 91 andnormal coamings 93. - In addition,
normal coamings 92 are arranged such that onenormal coaming 92 is disposed between every other pair of unrestrictedouter members 7B. Thenormal coamings 92 are attached to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3, for example, by welding. For example, each of thenormal coamings 92 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape and extends in the axial direction of thetank 2. As shown inFig. 5 , each of thelarge lubricating pieces 82 is fitted in an enclosure formed by aspecial coaming 91,normal coamings 93, and anormal coaming 92, or in an enclosure formed bynormal coamings 93 andnormal coamings 92. - In the present embodiment, as shown in
Fig. 6 , each of thesmall lubricating piece 81 and thelarge lubricating pieces 82 includes: abase layer 8a contacting the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3; and alubricating layer 8b formed on thebase layer 8a. Thebase layer 8a is made of a material with sufficient strength (e.g., a metal such as stainless steel). Thelubricating layer 8b is made of a material with high lubricity (e.g., a resin such as PEEK (polyether ether ketone) or PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) or a metal such as silver or molybdenum disulfide). However, each of the lubricating pieces may be a single-layered piece made of a material with high lubricity. - As described above, in the support structure of the tank according to the present embodiment, owing to the
tubular elements 5 arranged in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, thesupport unit 4 extending in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 is hollow. Since the axial direction of eachtubular element 5 coincides with the radial direction of thetank 2, even when the ship swings, the load of thetank 2 including the contents therein is mainly dispersed as compressive force in the axial direction of eachtubular element 5 regardless of the orientation of the ship. Therefore, thesupport unit 4 can bear the load of thetank 2 even when the ship swings. Moreover, theinner members 6 are fixed to thetank 2, and theouter members 7 are slidable in the axial direction of thetank 2. This makes it possible to accommodate a reduction in the length of thetank 2 due to thermal contraction. - In the present embodiment, since the restricted
outer member 7A is disposed at the center of thesupport unit 4, even when a reduction in the diameter of thetank 2 occurs due to thermal contraction, the position of the restrictedouter member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 does not change. Therefore, the reduction in the diameter of thetank 2 can be caused to occur in a stable manner such that the lowest point P of thetank 2 serves as a reference point for the diameter reduction (i.e., serves as the center of the diameter reduction). In addition, since the unrestrictedouter members 7B positioned at both sides of the restrictedouter member 7A are movable in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, the unrestrictedouter members 7B can be moved together with thetubular elements 5. - In the present embodiment, the
lubricating sheet 8 is fixed on the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3. In this manner, lubricity can be imparted to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3 with the lubricating sheet, which can be readily manufactured. - Each of the
lubricating pieces lubricating sheet 8 is fitted in an enclosure formed by the coamings. According to this configuration, thelubricating pieces - Since each of the
tubular elements 5 is made of GFRP, heat transfer via thetubular elements 5 can be reduced significantly compared to a case where each of thetubular elements 5 is made of a metal. In addition, since the space formed between thetank 2 and theouter shell 3 is a vacuum space, the liquefiedgas 9 can be kept at low temperatures for a long period of time. - The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
- For example, in the above-described embodiment, the movement of the restricted
outer member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 is restricted by thespecial coamings 91 attached to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3. However, as an alternative, thespecial coamings 91 may be replaced bynormal coamings 92 that form, together withnormal coamings 93, the enclosure in which thesmall lubricating piece 81 is fitted, and separately from thenormal coamings 92, guide pieces (not shown) that guide the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the axial direction of thetank 2 may be attached to the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3. - Alternatively, as shown in
Figs. 7A and 7B , the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 may be restricted byguide pieces 85 attached to thebase layer 8a of thelubricating sheet 8. In this case, thelubricating sheet 8 may be a single sheet that is continuous over its entire length. In addition, thelubricating layer 8b may be formed only between theguide pieces 85. - It is not essential that the
lubricating sheet 8 be fixed on the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3 by the coamings. For example, in a case where thelubricating sheet 8 is a single sheet continuous over its entire length as shown inFig. 8 , a pair ofguide pieces 94, which restricts the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2, may be attached onto the innerperipheral surface 3 a of theouter shell 3, andfitting holes 8c, in which therespective guide pieces 94 are fitted, may be formed in thelubricating sheet 8. In this manner, the singlecontinuous lubricating sheet 8 can be fixed by utilizing theguide pieces 94. - Alternatively, as shown in
Fig. 9 , a pair ofrails 95, each having an L-shaped cross section, may be attached onto the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3, and thelubricating sheet 8 may be inserted in a space surrounded by therails 95. In this case, thelubricating sheet 8 may be divided into a plurality of lubricating pieces, or may be a single sheet continuous over its entire length. - In addition, in a case where the pair of
rails 95 is provided as shown inFig. 9 , a pair ofguide pieces 96 may be attached to therails 95 so as to connect theserails 95, and the movement of the restrictedouter member 7A in the circumferential direction of thetank 2 may be restricted by theseguide pieces 96. - Although not illustrated, for example, bolting or welding may be adopted as a method of fixing the
lubricating sheet 8 on the innerperipheral surface 3a of theouter shell 3. - It should be noted that the
outer members 7 can be configured to be slidable in the axial direction of thetank 2 without using thelubricating sheet 8. As one example, eachouter member 7 may be made of a material with high lubricity. Alternatively, a lubricant such as lubricating oil may be applied onto the innerperipheral surface 3 a of theouter shell 3 or onto a contact surface of eachouter member 7 where theouter member 7 contacts theouter shell 3. - As shown in
Fig. 10 , theouter shell 3 may be eliminated. In this case, eachsupport unit 4 may support thetank 2 on the supportingsurface 11 a of thecorresponding saddle 11. That is, the curved surface of the present invention may be the supportingsurface 11a of thesaddle 11. -
- 2
- tank
- 2a
- outer peripheral surface
- 3
- outer shell
- 3a
- inner peripheral surface (curved surface)
- 4
- support unit
- 5
- tubular element
- 6
- inner member
- 7
- outer member
- 7A
- restricted outer member
- 7B
- unrestricted outer member
- 8
- lubricating sheet
- 8A, 8B
- lubricating piece
- 91 to 93
- coaming
Claims (7)
- A support structure of a ship tank, the ship tank being a horizontal type circular cylindrical tank mounted on a ship and storing a liquefied gas, the support structure comprising:a curved surface facing an outer peripheral surface of the tank; anda support unit supporting the tank on the curved surface and extending in a circumferential direction of the tank, whereinthe support unit includes:a plurality of tubular elements arranged in the circumferential direction of the tank such that an axial direction of each of the tubular elements coincides with a radial direction of the tank;a plurality of inner members each holding, on the outer peripheral surface of the tank, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at the tank side; anda plurality of outer members each holding, on the curved surface, an end portion of a corresponding one of the tubular elements at an opposite side to the tank,the plurality of inner members are fixed to the tank, andthe plurality of outer members are configured to be slidable on the curved surface in an axial direction of the tank.
- The support structure of a ship tank according to claim 1, wherein
among the plurality of outer members, at least one outer member disposed near a lowest point of the tank is a restricted outer member whose movement in the circumferential direction of the tank is restricted, and
among the plurality of outer members, outer members positioned at both sides of the restricted outer member are unrestricted outer members movable in the circumferential direction of the tank. - The support structure of a ship tank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
the plurality of outer members slide on a lubricating sheet fixed on the curved surface. - The support structure of a ship tank according to claim 3, wherein
the lubricating sheet includes:a base layer contacting the curved surface; anda lubricating layer formed on the base layer. - The support structure of a ship tank according to claim 3 or 4, wherein
the lubricating sheet is divided in the circumferential direction of the tank into a plurality of lubricating pieces, and
each of the plurality of lubricating pieces is fitted in an enclosure formed by coamings attached to the curved surface. - The support structure of a ship tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
each of the plurality of tubular elements is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. - The support structure of a ship tank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
the curved surface is an inner peripheral surface of an outer shell that encapsulates the tank such that a vacuum space is formed between the tank and the outer shell.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/005259 WO2016059661A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Ship tank support structure |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3208513A1 true EP3208513A1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
EP3208513A4 EP3208513A4 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
EP3208513B1 EP3208513B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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ID=55746233
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP14904210.3A Active EP3208513B1 (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Ship tank support structure |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3208513B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6170636B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101861756B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106796000B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016059661A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101893344B1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2018-08-30 | 이신원 | tank for ship |
CN114636098A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-06-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reinforcing structure for earthing double-shell low-temperature liquid hydrocarbon storage tank |
KR102658339B1 (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-04-18 | 주식회사 래티스테크놀로지 | Wire-type tank support apparatus and tank support equipment including the same wire-type tank support apparatus |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5438082A (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-03-22 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Low temperature liquefied gas coastal tanker |
JPH0447520Y2 (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1992-11-10 | ||
JPS62203796U (en) * | 1986-06-19 | 1987-12-25 | ||
JP3708055B2 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2005-10-19 | 株式会社川崎造船 | Support structure for liquefied gas tank |
CN201177156Y (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-01-07 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Liquefied natural gas cistern car storage tank inner supporting structure |
JP5646913B2 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2014-12-24 | ジャパンマリンユナイテッド株式会社 | Cargo tank support structure and floating structure |
JP2013053674A (en) | 2011-09-05 | 2013-03-21 | Izumi Steel Works Ltd | Support structure of liquefied gas tank |
KR101744223B1 (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2017-06-08 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Supporting System for the Inner Tank of LNG Storage Tank |
JP5785118B2 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2015-09-24 | 三井造船株式会社 | Ship, offshore floating facility, and liquefied natural gas storage method |
CN202613038U (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-12-19 | 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司 | Telescopic compensation supporting structure in interlayer of low-temperature storage tank |
JP6186122B2 (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2017-08-23 | エア・ウォーター・プラントエンジニアリング株式会社 | Vacuum insulated container for low temperature |
CN103032673A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-10 | 山东宏达科技集团有限公司 | Horizontal cryogenic container inner and outer liner supporting structure |
CN105102316B (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2017-03-08 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The support structures of ship storage tank and liquefied gas carrier |
-
2014
- 2014-10-16 KR KR1020177009764A patent/KR101861756B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-10-16 CN CN201480082633.XA patent/CN106796000B/en active Active
- 2014-10-16 EP EP14904210.3A patent/EP3208513B1/en active Active
- 2014-10-16 JP JP2016553764A patent/JP6170636B2/en active Active
- 2014-10-16 WO PCT/JP2014/005259 patent/WO2016059661A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3208513A4 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
WO2016059661A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
KR20170052678A (en) | 2017-05-12 |
CN106796000A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
JP6170636B2 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
CN106796000B (en) | 2019-07-05 |
KR101861756B1 (en) | 2018-05-28 |
JPWO2016059661A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
EP3208513B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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