EP3207624A1 - Dynamo-electric machine comprising a signaling system for recognizing short circuits in the winding system - Google Patents

Dynamo-electric machine comprising a signaling system for recognizing short circuits in the winding system

Info

Publication number
EP3207624A1
EP3207624A1 EP15801724.4A EP15801724A EP3207624A1 EP 3207624 A1 EP3207624 A1 EP 3207624A1 EP 15801724 A EP15801724 A EP 15801724A EP 3207624 A1 EP3207624 A1 EP 3207624A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
dynamoelectric machine
stator
laminated
insulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15801724.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco Köhler
Christoph Adam
Hans Friedrich Steffani
Bernhard Volk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3207624A1 publication Critical patent/EP3207624A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
    • H02P29/68—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive based on the temperature of a drive component or a semiconductor component
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/425—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
    • H02K3/505—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto for large machine windings, e.g. bar windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine with a laminated stator core and a laminated rotor core and one or more winding systems. Dynamoelectric machines point to the front sides of the
  • Stator laminations and / or rotor laminations due to the usually arranged in grooves of a laminated core winding ⁇ system winding heads. These end windings result from the deflection of the electrical conductors of the winding system at the end faces of the laminated stator core and / or Rotorblechpa ⁇ kets. Above all in the area of the winding heads, the electrical conductors are in contact with electrical conductors of adjacent electrical phases via the insulation. Insulation failure, caused for example by excess temperatures or overvoltages, can damage this insulation and cause a short circuit in the winding head and / or groove area.
  • the vehicle continues to operate, even if there is a defect in a drive or engine.
  • the defective motor is disconnected from the power supply. Is the defective motor is a winding ⁇ short-circuit is present, electric power is determined by the speed of the traveling ⁇ zeugs or so existing speed of the faulty motor, further regeneratively in the fault fed. Due to the separation of the electrical supply but detection or finding a winding short circuit is difficult. A recognized winding short circuit can have significant effects on the operation of such vehicles, depending on the severity of the possible fault sequences.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a dynamoelectric machine which has a reporting system which reliably detects winding short circuits.
  • ⁇ should also the drive system, in which the dynamoelectric machine is used, to be monitored.
  • the solution of the problem is achieved by a dynamo ⁇ electric machine with a stator lamination and a Ro ⁇ torblechMP, the stator lamination and / or the rotor ⁇ sheet package each has one or more winding systems, which at the respective end faces of the stator lamination and / or of the rotor laminated core a winding head ausbil ⁇ det, wherein in the winding system, in particular in or on the winding head, at least one message line is provided to detect winding short circuits.
  • the solution of the problem is also achieved by a drive system with at least one inverter and at least one dynamoelectric machine, wherein the reporting line is guided in the inverter, and there is integrated into an evaluation system.
  • the evaluation system can also be arranged electrically and / or spatially separately with respect to the dynamoelectric machine and / or the converter.
  • an electrically powered vehicle with at least one on ⁇ operating system.
  • a signaling line for example, a cable with two twisted and insulated wires is used.
  • a defi ned ⁇ terminator is preferably attached to the ends of the line. This facilitates the winding closure detection and facilitates a spatial orientation of the winding closure.
  • the reporting line is preferably provided on the winding head of the stator and / or on the winding head of the rotor, since there the individual phases are arranged one above the other or crossed and thus the insulation is exposed to a corresponding voltage stress.
  • the message line can also run in or on the winding system in one or more grooves of the respective laminated core to a holistic Monitoring the dynamo-electric machine to enable winding shorts.
  • the Meldelei- tion is designed as a coaxial cable, wherein an inner conductor is located in a hollow cylindrical outer conductor and optionally also a terminating resistor is provided between the inner and outer conductor.
  • Zvi ⁇ rule inner and outer conductor coaxial cable is that a temperature-raturatede isolation.
  • a winding short is, as in the execution of the reporting line with twisted wire either made by electrical contact between inner and outer conductors or detected by disconnecting both conductors.
  • the measuring method during operation of the dynamoelectric machine or for maintenance purposes and the respective evaluation of the recorded data can also be carried out with measuring signals of higher frequency - that is up to the range of a few kilohertz (KHz).
  • KHz kilohertz
  • uninsulated signaling lines in the winding system are conceivable, whose conductors are made of metals with a low melting point, such as zinc or .alpha
  • Lead are made. This does not depend on the melting of an insulation. Such a signaling wire, for example made of lead, would melt at 327 ° C and indicate a winding short-circuit by breaking this wire.
  • This uninsulated signaling lines are arranged or so in the winding system, in particular in the winding head laid so that there is no direct contact and thereby the risk of a short circuit between the individual Meldelei ⁇ obligations between these lines.
  • a melting of the insulation or of the wire is approximately 30 Kelvin above the respective temperature class of the dyestuff.
  • Namoelectric machine so as not to jeopardize the proper operation of the machine with false tripping.
  • embodiments are conceivable that already integrate the signaling line or signaling lines in the power cable , which connects the inverter with the dynamoelectric machine.
  • the evaluation of the status of the signaling line is then carried out by suitable test signals of the inverter.
  • the signals can be generated and evaluated both when driving and when a vehicle is stationary. At standstill while the dynamoelectric machine can be briefly connected to the inverter again.
  • such measurements directly to the dynamo-electric machine are possible by additional test sockets are provided there on the Mes ⁇ measurements may also be performed during operation of the dynamoelectric machine.
  • additional test sockets are provided there on the Mes ⁇ measurements may also be performed during operation of the dynamoelectric machine.
  • a local assignment of an error in the area of the dynamoelectric machine instead. For example, it can thus be determined whether there is a winding short circuit in the groove, in the winding head, where in the winding head, etc.
  • Fire protection cables are mainly used in other components of an electric vehicle to detect fires. Also, as a rule, the insulation of the fire protection line for the high voltages in the engine is not suitable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dynamoelectric machine
  • a dynamo ⁇ electric machine 1 shows a sectional longitudinal section of a dynamo ⁇ electric machine 1, which is housed in a housing 2.
  • a rotor core 4 is rotatably connected to the shaft 5.
  • the decor with dark with the rotor core packet 4 ended ⁇ rotor has permanent magnets as exciting means either ⁇ te or a separate electrical excitation, which
  • Slip rings is fed to the winding system of the rotor.
  • the winding system of the laminated stator core 3 is arranged in grooves, not shown, and on the end faces of the stator lamination stack 3 there is a winding head 8 on the drive side, and a winding head 9 on the non-drive side.
  • the signaling lines 10 are oversized on the winding heads 8, 9; Of course, they can also run within the winding head 8,9 and / or in one or more grooves of the winding system.
  • the signaling line 10 is arranged between conductors of one phase and / or between the conductor and grounded laminated core and / or between the conductors of different phases.
  • a switching connector which distributes the coil groups of the same electrical phases in the circumferential direction of the stator and electrically connected to each other. Via a power cable 18, which is connected to the inverter 15, the dynamo ⁇ electric machine 1 is fed.
  • the shaft 5 is supported on the housing via bearings 12 and the respective bearing shields 6 and 7.
  • the converter 15 receives via an electrical supply network 17 or via a contact wire an electrical voltage, which are electrically adapted by means of inverter 15 of the dynamoelectric machine 1 and is provided via the power cable 18 of the dynamoelectric machine 1.
  • the signaling line 10 are either routed separately between inverter 15 and dynamoelectric machine 1 or are provided together with the power cables in a cable sheath of the dynamo-electric machine 1 via a corresponding connector.
  • Corresponding messages / data sequences / evaluations of disturbances in the winding system and thus of the operating sequence can be displayed in a display 16 on the inverter 15 and / or in one or more separate displays at different locations.
  • the data can also be transmitted to a monitoring device, which automatically initiates further actions, such as, for example, Shutting down an engine, reducing the power of the drive, etc.
  • the transmission of the data to the displays and / or the monitoring device can take place both corded and wireless.
  • a dynamoelectric machine 1 forms a drive system, the inverter 15 and a dynamo electric machine 1 and which is arranged for example in a locomotive 14 of FIG 2.
  • the locomotive 14 has two rotating ⁇ frames 20, each with two axles.
  • Each wheel ⁇ set shaft is driven by a dynamoelectric machine 1 and ei ⁇ NEN associated inverter 15.
  • the signals can be generated and rempliwer ⁇ tet both while driving and at a standstill of a vehicle.
  • An evaluation of the measurement results takes place directly in the locomotive 14 and can be transmitted to the train driver, the train driver or a central monitoring device outside the locomotive or the train.
  • the application of the inventive concept is not limited to locomotives 14, but rather extends to all electrically powered vehicles such as mining trucks trams, e-cars, e-aircraft applications, etc.
  • the signaling line 10 is shown in FIG 3, for example, as ver ⁇ twisted insulated cable designed to be able to make a local assignment of the winding short circuit, in predetermined distances concentrated resistors Rl, R2, etc. are provided.
  • a winding short-circuit it be ⁇ known.
  • Can via the evaluation unit 19 as a Wick ⁇ lung short-circuit are determined locally within the dynamo-electrical machine.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a concrete termination of a ver ⁇ twisted insulated signaling line 10 in the form of a predetermined resistance R3.

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamo-electric machine (1) comprising a laminated stator (3) and a laminated rotor (4), one or both of which have one or more winding systems that form winding overhangs (8, 9) on the end faces of the laminated stator (3) and/or of the laminated rotor (4); at least one signaling line (10) is provided in the winding system, especially in or on the winding overhang (8, 9), in order to detect interturn faults.

Description

Beschreibung description
Dynamoelektrische Maschine mit einem Meldesystem zur Kurz¬ schlusserkennung im Wicklungssystem Dynamoelectric machine with a message system for short- circuit detection in the winding system
Die Erfindung betrifft eine dynamoelektrische Maschine mit einem Statorblechpaket und einem Rotorblechpaket und einem oder mehreren Wicklungssystemen. Dynamoelektrische Maschinen weisen an den Stirnseiten desThe invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine with a laminated stator core and a laminated rotor core and one or more winding systems. Dynamoelectric machines point to the front sides of the
Statorblechpakets und/oder Rotorblechpakets aufgrund des in der Regel in Nuten eines Blechpakets angeordneten Wicklungs¬ systems Wickelköpfe auf. Diese Wickelköpfe ergeben sich durch die Umlenkung der elektrischen Leiter des Wicklungssystems an den Stirnseiten des Statorblechpakets und/oder Rotorblechpa¬ kets. Vor allem im Bereich der Wickelköpfe stehen die elektrischen Leiter mit elektrischen Leitern benachbarter elektrischer Phasen über die Isolierung in Kontakt. Durch Isolationsfehler, beispielsweise verursacht durch Übertemperaturen oder Überspannungen kann diese Isolation beschädigt werden und es tritt ein Wicklungskurzschluss im Wickelkopf und/oder Nutbereich ein. Stator laminations and / or rotor laminations due to the usually arranged in grooves of a laminated core winding ¬ system winding heads. These end windings result from the deflection of the electrical conductors of the winding system at the end faces of the laminated stator core and / or Rotorblechpa ¬ kets. Above all in the area of the winding heads, the electrical conductors are in contact with electrical conductors of adjacent electrical phases via the insulation. Insulation failure, caused for example by excess temperatures or overvoltages, can damage this insulation and cause a short circuit in the winding head and / or groove area.
Die aus dem Wicklungskurzschluss resultierende Wärme- und/oder Rauchentwicklung ebenso wie ein weiter anstehendes Drehmoment des Motors kann eine mögliche Gefahr für das Be¬ dienpersonal oder die dynamoelektrische Maschine darstellen. Deswegen muss ein Wicklungskurzschluss zeitig erkannt werden, um gegebenenfalls geeignete Maßnahmen einleiten zu können. The resulting from the winding short circuit heat and / or smoke development as well as a further pending torque of the engine can pose a potential threat to the Be ¬ dienpersonal or the dynamoelectric machine. Therefore, a winding short circuit must be detected early in order to initiate appropriate measures if necessary.
Beispielsweise wird bei elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeugen mit mehreren Elektromotoren das Fahrzeug weiter betrieben, auch wenn bei einem Antrieb bzw. Motor ein Defekt vorliegt. Dabei wird in der Regel der defekte Motor von der Energiever- sorgung getrennt. Liegt bei dem defekten Motor ein Wicklungs¬ kurzschluss vor, so wird durch die Geschwindigkeit des Fahr¬ zeugs bzw. der damit vorhandenen Drehzahl des defekten Motors, weiterhin elektrische Energie generatorisch in die Feh- lerstelle gespeist. Durch die Trennung von der elektrischen Versorgung ist aber eine Erkennung bzw. Auffindung eines Wicklungskurzschlusses erschwert. Ein erkannter Wicklungs- kurzschluss kann je nach Schwere der möglichen Fehlerfolgen erhebliche Auswirkungen auf der Betriebsführung derartiger Fahrzeuge aufweisen. For example, in electrically driven vehicles with multiple electric motors, the vehicle continues to operate, even if there is a defect in a drive or engine. As a rule, the defective motor is disconnected from the power supply. Is the defective motor is a winding ¬ short-circuit is present, electric power is determined by the speed of the traveling ¬ zeugs or so existing speed of the faulty motor, further regeneratively in the fault fed. Due to the separation of the electrical supply but detection or finding a winding short circuit is difficult. A recognized winding short circuit can have significant effects on the operation of such vehicles, depending on the severity of the possible fault sequences.
Unter Umständen ist dabei eine Reduzierung der Geschwindigkeit oder gar eine Stilllegung dieses Fahrzeugs angebracht. Ein Erkennen von Wicklungskurzschlüssen muss daher sehr zuverlässig sein, vor allem darf es zu keinen Fehlauslösungen kommen. Auch sollten nur schwere Wicklungskurzschlüsse mit kritischen Auswirkungen erkannt werden, um den Fahrbetrieb nicht zu stören. Under certain circumstances, a reduction in the speed or even a decommissioning of this vehicle is appropriate. Detecting winding short-circuits must therefore be very reliable, above all, there must be no false tripping. Also, only severe winding shorts with critical effects should be detected so as not to disturb the driving operation.
Folgende Verfahren sind bisher zur Erkennung von Wicklungskurzschlüssen bekannt. Der Einsatz von Temperatursensoren beinhaltet den Nachteil, dass der Wicklungskurzschluss sich in direkter Nähe des Sensors stattfindet muss. Wird der Motor vergleichsweise gut gekühlt, wird ggf. ein Wicklungskurz¬ schluss über Temperatursensoren nicht erkannt. The following methods have hitherto been known for the detection of winding short circuits. The use of temperature sensors involves the disadvantage that the winding short circuit must take place in the immediate vicinity of the sensor. If the motor is cooled comparatively well, a winding short circuit via temperature sensors may not be detected.
Ebenfalls ist eine Diagnose über die Umrichterströme möglich, dabei wird die Erdschlusserkennung oder Unsymmetrie der Mo- torströme von der Steuerungssoftware des Umrichters erkannt und es wird auf einen Wicklungskurzschluss geschlossen. It is also possible to diagnose the inverter currents. In this case, the earth fault detection or asymmetry of the motor currents is detected by the control software of the inverter and it is concluded that there is a winding short-circuit.
Nachteilig dabei ist, dass bei diesem Schutzkonzept der Um¬ richter sich bei einem Motorfehler vom Motor trennt. Wenn je- doch der Umrichter vom Motor getrennt ist, kann ein Wicklungskurzschluss des Motors nicht mehr durch die Steuerungs¬ software erkannt werden. The disadvantage here is that in this protection concept of Um ¬ judge separates from the engine in an engine failure. If JE is still separated from the drive motor, a winding short circuit of the motor can no longer be detected by the control ¬ software.
Ausgehend davon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ei- ne dynamoelektrische Maschine vorzusehen, die ein Meldesystem aufweist, das zuverlässig Wicklungskurzschlüsse erkennt. Da¬ bei soll auch das Antriebssystem, in das die dynamoelektrische Maschine eingesetzt ist, überwacht werden. Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt durch eine dynamo¬ elektrische Maschine mit einem Statorblechpaket und einem Ro¬ torblechpaket, wobei das Statorblechpaket und/oder das Rotor¬ blechpaket jeweils ein oder mehrere Wicklungssysteme auf- weist, das an den jeweiligen Stirnseiten des Statorblechpakets und/oder des Rotorblechpakets einen Wickelkopf ausbil¬ det, wobei im Wicklungssystem, insbesondere im oder am Wickelkopf zumindest eine Meldeleitung vorgesehen ist, um Wicklungskurzschlüsse zu erfassen. Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to provide a dynamoelectric machine which has a reporting system which reliably detects winding short circuits. At ¬ should also the drive system, in which the dynamoelectric machine is used, to be monitored. The solution of the problem is achieved by a dynamo ¬ electric machine with a stator lamination and a Ro ¬ torblechpaket, the stator lamination and / or the rotor ¬ sheet package each has one or more winding systems, which at the respective end faces of the stator lamination and / or of the rotor laminated core a winding head ausbil ¬ det, wherein in the winding system, in particular in or on the winding head, at least one message line is provided to detect winding short circuits.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt ebenso durch ein Antriebssystem mit zumindest einem Umrichter und zumindest einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine, wobei die Meldeleitung in den Umrichter geführt ist, und dort in ein Auswertesystem in- tegriert ist. The solution of the problem is also achieved by a drive system with at least one inverter and at least one dynamoelectric machine, wherein the reporting line is guided in the inverter, and there is integrated into an evaluation system.
Alternativ dazu kann das Auswertesystem elektrisch und/oder räumlich auch separat bzgl. der dynamoelektrischen Maschine und/oder dem Umrichter angeordnet sein. Alternatively, the evaluation system can also be arranged electrically and / or spatially separately with respect to the dynamoelectric machine and / or the converter.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt auch durch ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug mit zumindest einem An¬ triebssystem. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Meldeleitung z.B. ein Kabel mit zwei verdrillten und voneinander isolierten Drähten eingesetzt. An den Enden der Leitung ist vorzugsweise ein defi¬ nierter Abschlusswiderstand angebracht. Dies erleichtert die Wicklungsschlusserkennung und erleichtert eine räumliche Or- tung des Wicklungsschlusses. The solution of the problem is also achieved by an electrically powered vehicle with at least one on ¬ operating system. According to the invention, a signaling line, for example, a cable with two twisted and insulated wires is used. A defi ned ¬ terminator is preferably attached to the ends of the line. This facilitates the winding closure detection and facilitates a spatial orientation of the winding closure.
Die Meldeleitung ist dabei vorzugsweise am Wickelkopf des Stators und/oder am Wickelkopf des Rotors vorgesehen, da dort die einzelnen Phasen übereinander oder gekreuzt angeordnet sind und somit die Isolation einer dementsprechenden Spannungsbeanspruchung ausgesetzt ist. Die Meldeleitung kann aber auch im oder am Wicklungssystem in einer oder mehreren Nuten des jeweiligen Blechpakets verlaufen, um eine ganzheitliche Überwachung der dynamoelektrischen Maschine auf Wicklungskurzschlüsse zu ermöglichen. The reporting line is preferably provided on the winding head of the stator and / or on the winding head of the rotor, since there the individual phases are arranged one above the other or crossed and thus the insulation is exposed to a corresponding voltage stress. The message line can also run in or on the winding system in one or more grooves of the respective laminated core to a holistic Monitoring the dynamo-electric machine to enable winding shorts.
In einer anderen Ausführung der Erfindung ist die Meldelei- tung als Koaxialkabel ausgeführt, wobei sich ein Innenleiter in einem hohlzylindrischen Außenleiter befindet und sich zwischen Innen- und Außenleiter optional ebenfalls ein Abschlusswiderstand vorgesehen ist. Dabei befindet sich zwi¬ schen Innen- und Außenleiter dieses Koaxialkabels eine tempe- raturempfindliche Isolation. In another embodiment of the invention, the Meldelei- tion is designed as a coaxial cable, wherein an inner conductor is located in a hollow cylindrical outer conductor and optionally also a terminating resistor is provided between the inner and outer conductor. Here, Zvi ¬ rule inner and outer conductor coaxial cable is that a temperature-raturempfindliche isolation.
Ein Wicklungskurzschluss wird, wie bei der Ausführung der Meldeleitung mit verdrillter Leitung entweder durch elektrischen Kontakt zwischen Innen- und Außenleiter hergestellt oder durch Auftrennen beider Leiter erkannt. A winding short is, as in the execution of the reporting line with twisted wire either made by electrical contact between inner and outer conductors or detected by disconnecting both conductors.
Das Messverfahren während des Betriebs der dynamoelektrischen Maschine oder zu Wartungszwecken und die jeweilige Auswertung der aufgenommenen Daten kann auch mit Messsignalen höherer Frequenz - also bis in den Bereich von einigen Kilohertz (KHz) erfolgen. The measuring method during operation of the dynamoelectric machine or for maintenance purposes and the respective evaluation of the recorded data can also be carried out with measuring signals of higher frequency - that is up to the range of a few kilohertz (KHz).
Alternativ sind zu den bestehenden Lösungen sind auch unisolierte Meldeleitungen im Wicklungssystem denkbar, deren Lei- ter aus Metallen mit niedrigem Schmelzpunkt wie Zink oderAs an alternative to the existing solutions, uninsulated signaling lines in the winding system are conceivable, whose conductors are made of metals with a low melting point, such as zinc or .alpha
Blei hergestellt sind. Damit ist man nicht auf das Schmelzen einer Isolation angewiesen. Ein derartiger Meldedraht z.B. aus Blei würde bei 327°C schmelzen und ein Wicklungskurzschluss durch Auftrennen dieses Drahtes anzeigen. Diese unisolierten Meldeleitungen werden im Wicklungssystem, insbesondere im Wicklungskopf so angeordnet bzw. verlegt, dass zwischen diesen Leitungen kein direkter Kontakt und damit die Gefahr eines Kurzschlusses zwischen den einzelnen Meldelei¬ tungen besteht. Lead are made. This does not depend on the melting of an insulation. Such a signaling wire, for example made of lead, would melt at 327 ° C and indicate a winding short-circuit by breaking this wire. This uninsulated signaling lines are arranged or so in the winding system, in particular in the winding head laid so that there is no direct contact and thereby the risk of a short circuit between the individual Meldelei ¬ obligations between these lines.
Bei allen oben aufgeführten Ausführungsformen liegt vorteilhafterweise ein Abschmelzen der Isolation bzw. des Drahtes zirka 30 Kelvin über der jeweiligen Temperaturklasse der dy- namoelektrischen Maschine, um den ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb der Maschine nicht mit Fehlauslösungen zu gefährden. In all the embodiments listed above, advantageously a melting of the insulation or of the wire is approximately 30 Kelvin above the respective temperature class of the dyestuff. Namoelectric machine, so as not to jeopardize the proper operation of the machine with false tripping.
Damit sind nunmehr Störungen und Fehlauslösungen von Tempera- turüberhöhungen ausgeschlossen und es kann sich - falls diese Meldung abgesetzt wird - lediglich um einen Wicklungskurz- schluss handeln. This now excludes faults and false triggering of temperature peaks and, if this message is issued, can only be a winding short-circuit.
Weiterhin sind Ausführungen denkbar, die die Meldeleitung bzw. Meldeleitungen bereits in das Leistungskabel integrie¬ ren, das den Umrichter mit der dynamoelektrischen Maschine verbindet. Die Auswertung des Zustands der Meldeleitung erfolgt dann durch geeignete Testsignale des Umrichters. Die Signale können sowohl bei Fahrt wie auch im Stillstand eines Fahrzeugs erzeugt und ausgewertet werden. Im Stillstand kann dabei die dynamoelektrische Maschine wieder kurzzeitig mit dem Umrichter verbunden sein. Furthermore, embodiments are conceivable that already integrate the signaling line or signaling lines in the power cable , which connects the inverter with the dynamoelectric machine. The evaluation of the status of the signaling line is then carried out by suitable test signals of the inverter. The signals can be generated and evaluated both when driving and when a vehicle is stationary. At standstill while the dynamoelectric machine can be briefly connected to the inverter again.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform sind derartige Messungen auch direkt an der dynamoelektrischen Maschine möglich, indem dort ergänzend Messbuchsen vorgesehen sind über die die Mes¬ sungen auch während des Betriebes der dynamoelektrischen Maschine durchführbar sind. Vorteilhafterweise findet durch ortsabhängig angeordnete Wi¬ derstände in der Meldeleitung eine lokale Zuordnung eines Fehlers im Bereich der dynamoelektrischen Maschine statt. Beispielsweise kann damit festgestellt werden, ob ein Wick- lungskurzschluss in der Nut, im Wickelkopf, wo im Wickelkopf etc. vorliegt. In another embodiment, such measurements directly to the dynamo-electric machine are possible by additional test sockets are provided there on the Mes ¬ measurements may also be performed during operation of the dynamoelectric machine. Advantageously, found by location-dependent arranged Wi ¬ resistances in the signal line, a local assignment of an error in the area of the dynamoelectric machine instead. For example, it can thus be determined whether there is a winding short circuit in the groove, in the winding head, where in the winding head, etc.
Ebenso werden damit Fehler auch in der Zuleitung zur Auswertung erkannt. Ein Ansprechen der Meldeleitung erfolgt erst, wenn eine ausreichend hohe Wärmeentwicklung im Wickelkopf er- folgt und dies zu einem Schmelzen der Isolation bzw. desLikewise, errors are also detected in the supply line for evaluation. A response of the signaling line takes place only when a sufficiently high heat development takes place in the winding overhang and this leads to a melting of the insulation or the
Drahtes führt. Dadurch werden schwere Wicklungskurzschlüsse, die zu Betriebsbeeinträchtigungen führen, erkannt. Durch die Ortsabhängigkeit des Ansprechens der Meldeleitung kann die zum Wicklungskurzschluss führende Erwärmung in dem Wicklungs¬ system, insbesondere in den Wickelköpfen am kompletten Umfang und/der axialen Länge des Wicklungssystems der dynamoelektrischen Maschine erkannt werden. Wire leads. As a result, severe winding short circuits that lead to operational impairments are detected. Due to the location dependency of the response of the reporting line, the leading to winding short circuit heating in the winding ¬ system, in particular in the winding heads on the entire circumference and / the axial length of the winding system of the dynamoelectric machine can be detected.
Es ist somit eine Eingrenzung eines Fehlerortes möglich und erfindungsgemäß findet eine einfache Integration in die vor¬ handenen Schutzfunktionen des Antriebssystems statt. Es sind keine aufwändigen Algorithmen z.B. Temperaturmodelle der dy- namoelektrischen Maschine insbesondere für das Wicklungssys¬ tem notwendig, die die Realität leider nur unzureichend dar¬ stellen können. It is thus narrowing down a fault location possible and according to the invention is easy integration instead of the handenen before ¬ protective functions of the drive system. There are no complex algorithms such as temperature models of the dynamo-electric machine, in particular for the Wicklungssys ¬ tem necessary, which can unfortunately represent the reality ¬ insufficient.
Im Vergleich zu Brandschutzleitungen wird erfindungsgemäß mit der Meldeleitung der Wicklungskurzschluss und damit eine Zer¬ störung des Wickelkopfes durch einen schweren Wicklungskurzschluss vorab sicher erkannt. Brandschutzleitungen hingegen werden vor allem in anderen Komponenten eines elektrischen Fahrzeugs zur Erkennung von Bränden eingesetzt. Auch ist in der Regel die Isolation der Brandschutzleitung für die Hochspannungen im Motor nicht geeignet. Compared to fire protection lines according to the invention with the signal line of the winding short circuit and thus a Zer ¬ disorder of the winding head by a heavy winding short circuit detected in advance safe. Fire protection cables, on the other hand, are mainly used in other components of an electric vehicle to detect fires. Also, as a rule, the insulation of the fire protection line for the high voltages in the engine is not suitable.
Die Erfindung sowie vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden anhand nachfolgender Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Darin zeigen: The invention and advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to subsequent embodiments. Show:
FIG 1 einen Teillängsschnitt einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine, 1 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dynamoelectric machine,
FIG 2 eine Anwendung eines Antriebssystems bei Loks,  2 shows an application of a drive system in locomotives,
FIG 3, 4 eine Meldeleitung. 3, 4 a message line.
FIG 1 zeigt einen abschnittsweisen Längsschnitt einer dynamo¬ elektrischen Maschine 1, die in einem Gehäuse 2 untergebracht ist. Auf einer Welle 5 ist ein Rotorblechpaket 4 drehfest mit der Welle 5 verbunden. Der mit dem Rotorblechpaket 4 gestal¬ tete Rotor weist als Erregungsmittel entweder Permanentmagne¬ te oder eine eigene elektrische Erregung auf, die über 1 shows a sectional longitudinal section of a dynamo ¬ electric machine 1, which is housed in a housing 2. On a shaft 5, a rotor core 4 is rotatably connected to the shaft 5. The decor with dark with the rotor core packet 4 ended ¬ rotor has permanent magnets as exciting means either ¬ te or a separate electrical excitation, which
Schleifringe dem Wicklungssystem des Rotors zugeführt wird. Aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen wird jedoch nur das Wicklungssystem des Stators näher betrachtet. Das Wicklungssystem des Statorblechpakets 3 ist in nicht näher dargestellten Nuten angeordnet und an den Stirnseiten des Statorblechpakets 3 ist ein Wickelkopf 8 auf der Antriebs-Seite, und ein Wickelkopf 9 auf der Nicht-Antriebsseite vorhanden. Ebenso sind aus Über¬ sichtlichkeitsgründen die Meldeleitungen 10 zeichnerisch überdimensioniert auf den Wickelköpfen 8, 9 angeordnet; sie können selbstverständlich auch innerhalb des Wickelkopfes 8,9 und/oder in einer oder mehreren Nuten des Wicklungssystems verlaufen . Slip rings is fed to the winding system of the rotor. For reasons of clarity, however, only the winding system of the stator is considered in more detail. The winding system of the laminated stator core 3 is arranged in grooves, not shown, and on the end faces of the stator lamination stack 3 there is a winding head 8 on the drive side, and a winding head 9 on the non-drive side. Likewise, for reasons of clarity , the signaling lines 10 are oversized on the winding heads 8, 9; Of course, they can also run within the winding head 8,9 and / or in one or more grooves of the winding system.
Die Meldeleitung 10 ist zwischen Leitern einer Phase und/oder zwischen Leiter und geerdetem Blechpaket und/oder zwischen den Leitern unterschiedlicher Phasen angeordnet. The signaling line 10 is arranged between conductors of one phase and / or between the conductor and grounded laminated core and / or between the conductors of different phases.
Auf der Antriebsseite-Seite befindet sich am Wickelkopf 8 ein Schaltverbinder, der die Spulengruppen der gleichartigen elektrischen Phasen in Umfangsrichtung des Stators verteilt und miteinander elektrisch verbindet. Über ein Leistungskabel 18, das mit dem Umrichter 15 verbunden ist, wird die dynamo¬ elektrische Maschine 1 gespeist. On the drive side side is located on the winding head 8, a switching connector which distributes the coil groups of the same electrical phases in the circumferential direction of the stator and electrically connected to each other. Via a power cable 18, which is connected to the inverter 15, the dynamo ¬ electric machine 1 is fed.
Die Welle 5 stützt sich über Lager 12 und den jeweiligen La- gerschilden 6 und 7 am Gehäuse ab. Der Umrichter 15 erhält über ein elektrisches Versorgungsnetz 17 oder über einen Fahrdraht eine elektrische Spannung, die mittels Umrichter 15 der dynamoelektrischen Maschine 1 elektrisch angepasst werden und über das Leistungskabel 18 der dynamoelektrischen Maschi- ne 1 bereitgestellt wird. The shaft 5 is supported on the housing via bearings 12 and the respective bearing shields 6 and 7. The converter 15 receives via an electrical supply network 17 or via a contact wire an electrical voltage, which are electrically adapted by means of inverter 15 of the dynamoelectric machine 1 and is provided via the power cable 18 of the dynamoelectric machine 1.
Die Meldeleitung 10 sind zwischen Umrichter 15 und dynamoelektrischer Maschine 1 entweder separat verlegt oder werden zusammen mit den Leistungskabeln in einer Kabelhülle der dy- namoelektrischer Maschine 1 über einen dementsprechenden Stecker bereitgestellt. Dementsprechende Meldungen/Datenfolgen/ Auswertungen über Störungen im Wicklungssystem und damit des Betriebsablaufs können in einem Display 16 am Umrichter 15 und/oder in einem oder mehreren separaten Displays an verschiedenen Orten dargestellt werden. The signaling line 10 are either routed separately between inverter 15 and dynamoelectric machine 1 or are provided together with the power cables in a cable sheath of the dynamo-electric machine 1 via a corresponding connector. Corresponding messages / data sequences / evaluations of disturbances in the winding system and thus of the operating sequence can be displayed in a display 16 on the inverter 15 and / or in one or more separate displays at different locations.
Alternativ und/oder ergänzend dazu können die Daten auch ei- ner Überwachungseinrichtung übermittelt werden, die automatisch weitere Aktionen einleitet, wie z.B. Abschalten eines Motors, Reduzieren der Leistung des Antriebs, etc. Alternatively and / or additionally, the data can also be transmitted to a monitoring device, which automatically initiates further actions, such as, for example, Shutting down an engine, reducing the power of the drive, etc.
Die Übermittlung der Daten zu den Displays und/oder der Über- wachungseinrichtung kann sowohl leitungsgebunden als auch kabellos erfolgen. The transmission of the data to the displays and / or the monitoring device can take place both corded and wireless.
Die Anwendung einer derartigen dynamoelektrischen Maschine 1 bildet ein Antriebssystem, das Umrichter 15 und eine dynamo- elektrischen Maschine 1 aufweist und das z.B. in einer Lok 14 gemäß FIG 2 angeordnet ist. Dabei weist die Lok 14 zwei Dreh¬ gestelle 20, mit jeweils zwei Radsatzwellen auf. Jede Rad¬ satzwelle wird über eine dynamoelektrische Maschine 1 und ei¬ nen zugehörigen Umrichter 15 angetrieben. The application of such a dynamoelectric machine 1 forms a drive system, the inverter 15 and a dynamo electric machine 1 and which is arranged for example in a locomotive 14 of FIG 2. In this case, the locomotive 14 has two rotating ¬ frames 20, each with two axles. Each wheel ¬ set shaft is driven by a dynamoelectric machine 1 and ei ¬ NEN associated inverter 15.
Die Messung des Zustands der Meldeleitung 10 und damit des Zustandes des jeweiligen Wicklungssystems bzw. Wickelkopfes 8, 9 erfolgt beispielsweise durch geeignete Testsignale des jeweiligen Umrichters 15. Die Signale können sowohl bei Fahrt wie auch im Stillstand eines Fahrzeugs erzeugt und ausgewer¬ tet werden. Eine Auswertung der Messergebnisse erfolgt direkt in der Lok 14 und kann dem Lokführer, dem Zugführer oder einer zentralen Überwachungseinrichtung außerhalb der Lok bzw. des Zuges übermittelt werden. The measurement of the state of the signaling line 10 and thus the state of the respective winding system or winding head 8, 9, for example, by suitable test signals of the respective inverter 15. The signals can be generated and ausgewer ¬ tet both while driving and at a standstill of a vehicle. An evaluation of the measurement results takes place directly in the locomotive 14 and can be transmitted to the train driver, the train driver or a central monitoring device outside the locomotive or the train.
Die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Gedankens ist natürlich nicht alleine auf Loks 14 beschränkt, vielmehr erstreckt sie sich auf alle elektrisch angetriebenen Fahrzeuge wie Mining- Trucks Straßenbahnen, e-cars, e-aircraft-Anwendungen etc. Of course, the application of the inventive concept is not limited to locomotives 14, but rather extends to all electrically powered vehicles such as mining trucks trams, e-cars, e-aircraft applications, etc.
Die Meldeleitung 10 ist gemäß FIG 3 beispielsweise als ver¬ drillt isoliertes Kabel ausgeführt, wobei um eine örtliche Zuordnung des Wicklungskurzschluss vornehmen zu können, in vorgebbaren Abständen konzentrierte Widerstände Rl, R2 etc. vorgesehen sind. Somit kann mit Beaufschlagung eingesetzter Signale - Gleichspannungssignale (DC) oder Wechselspannungs¬ signale (AC bis in KHz Bereich) ein Wicklungskurzschluss er¬ kannt werden. Über die Auswerteeinheit 19 kann so ein Wick¬ lungskurzschluss örtlich innerhalb der dynamoelektrischen Ma¬ schine 1 bestimmt werden. The signaling line 10 is shown in FIG 3, for example, as ver ¬ twisted insulated cable designed to be able to make a local assignment of the winding short circuit, in predetermined distances concentrated resistors Rl, R2, etc. are provided. Thus, employed by applying signals - DC voltage signals (DC) or AC ¬ signals (AC up in KHz range), a winding short-circuit it be ¬ known. Can via the evaluation unit 19 as a Wick ¬ lung short-circuit are determined locally within the dynamo-electrical machine. 1
FIG 4 zeigt beispielhaft einen konkreten Abschluss einer ver¬ drillt isolierten Meldeleitung 10 in Form eines vorgegebenen Widerstandes R3. FIG. 4 shows an example of a concrete termination of a ver¬ twisted insulated signaling line 10 in the form of a predetermined resistance R3.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Dynamoelektrische Maschine (1) mit einem Statorblechpaket (3) und einem Rotorblechpaket (4), wobei das 1. dynamoelectric machine (1) with a stator lamination stack (3) and a rotor lamination stack (4), wherein the
Statorblechpaket ( 3 ) und/oder das Rotorblechpaket (4) jeweils ein oder mehrere Wicklungssysteme aufweist, das an den jewei¬ ligen Stirnseiten des Statorblechpakets (3) und/oder des Ro¬ torblechpakets (4) einen Wickelkopf (8,9) ausbildet, wobei im Wicklungssystem, insbesondere im oder am Wickelkopf (8,9) zu- mindest eine Meldeleitung (10) vorgesehen ist, um Wicklungs¬ kurzschlüsse zu erfassen. Stator laminations (3) and / or the laminated rotor core (4) each having one or more coil systems which at the jewei ¬ time end faces of the laminated stator core (3) and / or the Ro ¬ torblechpakets (4) forms a winding head (8,9), wherein, in the winding system, in particular in or on the winding head (8,9) at the very least, a signaling line (10) is provided to detect winding ¬ shorts.
2. Dynamoelektrische Maschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, d a ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Meldelei- tung (10) mittels zweier verdrillter voneinander isolierten Drähten gebildet ist. 2. Dynamoelectric machine (1) according to claim 1, since ¬ characterized in that the Meldelei- device (10) by means of two twisted wires insulated from each other is formed.
3. Dynamoelektrische Maschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, d a ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Meldelei- tung (10) als Koaxialkabel ausgeführt ist, wobei sich insbe¬ sondere zwischen Innen- und Außenleiter des Koaxialkabels ei¬ ne temperaturempfindliche Isolation befindet. 3. Dynamoelectric machine (1) according to claim 1, since ¬ characterized in that the Meldelei- device (10) is designed as a coaxial cable, in particular ¬ special between inner and outer conductor of the coaxial cable ei ¬ ne temperature-sensitive insulation is.
4. Dynamoelektrische Maschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, d a - d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Meldelei¬ tung (10) aus unisoliertem Metalldraht mit vergleichsweise niederem Schmelzpunkt, wie Blei oder Zink, besteht. 4. Dynamoelectric machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized - characterized in that the Meldelei ¬ device (10) consists of uninsulated metal wire with a relatively low melting point, such as lead or zinc.
5. Dynamoelektrische Maschine (1) nach einem der vorhergehen- den Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Isolation temperaturempfindlich ausgeführt ist, derart, dass der Schmelzpunkt dieser Isolation bzw. des Drahtes ca. 30 Kelwin der Temperaturklasse der dynamoelektrischen Maschine (1) liegt. 5. Dynamoelectric machine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation is temperature-sensitive, such that the melting point of this insulation or the wire is about 30 Kelvin the temperature class of the dynamoelectric machine (1).
6. Antriebssystem mit zumindest einem Umrichter (15) und zumindest einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n - z e i c h n e t , dass die Meldeleitung (10) in den Umrichter (15) geführt ist, und dort in ein Auswertesystem (19) in¬ tegriert ist. 6. Drive system with at least one converter (15) and at least one dynamoelectric machine according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, dadurchgekenn - characterized in that the signaling line (10) to the inverter (15) is guided, and there in an evaluation system (19) is integrated in ¬.
7. Antriebssystem nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Meldeleitung in ein Leis¬ tungskabel (18) integriert ist, das Umrichter (15) und dyna¬ moelektrische Maschine (1) verbindet. 7. The drive system according to claim 6, characterized in that the signal line is integrated in a Leis ¬ value cable (18), the inverter (15) and dyna ¬ moelektrische machine (1) connects.
8. Elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug mit zumindest einem An¬ triebssystem nach Anspruch 6 oder 7. 8. Electrically powered vehicle with at least one on ¬ drive system according to claim 6 or 7.
9. Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Wicklungskurzschlusses ei¬ ner dynamoelektrischen Maschine (1) mit einem 9. A method for determining a winding short ei ¬ ner dynamoelectric machine (1) with a
Statorblechpaket (3) und einem Rotorblechpaket (4), wobei das Statorblechpaket ( 3 ) und/oder das Rotorblechpaket (4) jeweils ein oder mehrere Wicklungssysteme aufweist, das an den jewei¬ ligen Stirnseiten des Statorblechpakets (3) und/oder des Ro¬ torblechpakets (4) einen Wickelkopf (8,9) ausbildet, wobei im Wicklungssystem, insbesondere im oder am Wickelkopf (8,9) zu¬ mindest eine Meldeleitung (10) vorgesehen ist, um Wicklungs¬ kurzschlüsse zu erfassen durch folgende Schritte: Stator laminations (3) and a rotor core packet (4), wherein the stator laminations (3) and / or the rotor lamination stack (4) in each case one or more coil systems which the at jewei ¬ time end faces of the laminated stator core (3) and / or the Ro ¬ Torblechpakets (4) forms a winding head (8,9), wherein in the winding system, in particular in or on the winding head (8,9) for ¬ at least one reporting line (10) is provided to detect winding ¬ short circuits by the following steps:
- Beaufschlagung eines geeigneten Messsignals auf die Mess¬ leitungen (10), - Applying a suitable measurement signal to the measuring ¬ lines (10),
- Auswertung und/oder Darstellung der RücklaufSignale direkt an der dynamoelektrischen Maschine (1) und/oder über Display (16) an einem Umrichter 15 und/oder einem oder mehreren separaten Displays. - Evaluation and / or representation of the return signals directly to the dynamoelectric machine (1) and / or display (16) to a converter 15 and / or one or more separate displays.
EP15801724.4A 2014-12-09 2015-11-20 Dynamo-electric machine comprising a signaling system for recognizing short circuits in the winding system Withdrawn EP3207624A1 (en)

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