EP3203060B1 - High pressure diesel fuel pump - Google Patents
High pressure diesel fuel pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3203060B1 EP3203060B1 EP17153648.5A EP17153648A EP3203060B1 EP 3203060 B1 EP3203060 B1 EP 3203060B1 EP 17153648 A EP17153648 A EP 17153648A EP 3203060 B1 EP3203060 B1 EP 3203060B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- valve passage
- pump according
- valve
- damping orifice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/38—Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions
- F02M59/42—Pumps characterised by adaptations to special uses or conditions for starting of engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
- F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
- F02M37/0029—Pressure regulator in the low pressure fuel system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02Â -Â F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00Â -Â F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00Â -Â F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/46—Details, component parts or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus covered by groups F02M69/02Â -Â F02M69/44
- F02M69/54—Arrangement of fuel pressure regulators
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to the field of high pressure diesel fuel pumps. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention concerns a pressure limiting assembly for high pressure diesel fuel pumps.
- diesel internal combustion engines comprise a low-pressure fuel pump in order to feed fuel from a fuel tank to a high pressure fuel pump, which in turn delivers high pressure fuel to the common rail connected to a set of fuel injectors as described in WO2009/065761 A1 and in DE 10 2013 201892 A1 .
- the high pressure fuel pump typically comprises one or a plurality of pumping units disposed about a rotating driveshaft with a cam.
- Each of the pumping units comprises a plunger and the cam drives the plungers along respective pumping axes.
- the driveshaft and cam are located within a cambox of a pump housing.
- a low pressure fuel pump (not shown) supplies fuel through a low pressure fuel line 2 at low pressure into the cambox 3 of a high pressure fuel pump 1.
- the fuel serves as a lubricant and essentially a cool flow of fuel for front and rear bearings 4, 5 of a rotating drive shaft, as well as supplying fuel to the pumping chambers (not shown) and pumping head 6.
- the pumping head 6 sends the fuel at high pressure down a high pressure fuel line 7 to the common rail and fuel injectors (not shown).
- the fuel pressure in the cambox 3 may be regulated by means of a low pressure limiter 9, typically arranged in a wall of the cambox 3.
- the low pressure limiter 9 allows flow of the fuel from the cambox 3 back to a fuel tank (not shown).
- a typical low pressure limiter 9 is shown in Figure 1B and comprises a housing 9a for mounting in a bore in said wall of a cambox 3.
- the housing 9a comprises an axially reciprocating plunger 9b located in an axial chamber 9c.
- the plunger 9b is biased towards an inlet 9d by a spring 9e thereby closing said inlet 9d.
- the housing 9a further comprises one or more standard outlets 9f arranged at a bottom end of the chamber 9c near the inlet 9d.
- hydraulic damping is included as part of the design, which comprises at least one damping orifice 9g linking the spring-part of the chamber 9c with the return fuel line 8.
- the damping orifice(s) 9g is/are adapted to both evacuate exceeding fuel from the spring-part of the chamber 9c to the return fuel line 8 in addition to drawing in fuel into the spring-part of the chamber 9c from the return fuel line 8.
- a high pressure diesel pump according to claim 1.
- 'standard damping orifice what is meant is a bore of fixed diameter/ width adapted to provide a first fixed rate of damping flow in and out of the spring chamber.
- variable damping orifice By 'variable damping orifice', what is meant is an arrangement of one or more bores and/or passages of fixed diameter/ width, with a means to reduce and/or block a bore or passage at at least one location in the arrangement, to provide a different rates of damping flow in and out of the spring chamber.
- the pressure limiting assembly is able to adapt to provide different levels of hydraulic damping by controlling the rate of flow through the variable damping orifice. Where low levels of damping are required, the variable damping orifice is restricted or closed leaving the standard damping orifice to provide the damping required. Where a greater level of damping is required, the variable damping orifice may be opened at least partially to provide assistance to the standard damping orifice and a greater damping flow. Finally, where maximum levels of damping are required, the variable damping orifice may be fully opened, to provide the majority of the damping flow.
- variable damping orifice comprises a wide (relative to the standard damping orifice) bore.
- the variable damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 0.8 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter/ width. Most preferably, the variable damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 1 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter/ width.
- a diameter/width of the bore of the variable damping orifice is larger than a diameter/width of a bore of the standard damping orifice.
- variable damping orifice comprises a valve passage linking the bore to the spring chamber.
- the bore of the variable damping orifice extends from the valve passage to the exterior of the housing.
- valve passage opens to the exterior of the housing at the second (opposite) end.
- variable damping orifice comprises a valve assembly adapted to control the rate of damping flow through the valve passage.
- the valve assembly comprises a restriction means located within the valve passage to provide a restriction point within the valve passage.
- valve assembly and the valve passage comprise cooperating parts of said restriction means.
- valve assembly is located at the second (opposite) end of the housing.
- the valve assembly preferably comprises a solenoid valve.
- the solenoid valve is digitally actuated.
- the restriction means comprises a spring-actuated piston moveably mounted within the valve passage.
- the restriction means also comprises a piston seat forming part of the valve passage.
- the restriction means is configured to provide at least a first closed configuration and a second open configuration for the spring-actuated piston.
- valve passage comprises a wide portion disposed at the opening to the spring chamber and a narrow portion extending to the second (opposite) end of the housing with a piston seat therebetween.
- the bore of the variable damping orifice joins the narrow portion of the valve passage proximal to the seat ledge.
- Between the piston seat may comprise a tapered ledge for the spring-actuated piston.
- the spring-actuated piston comprises a head.
- the head is preferably shallower and narrower than the wide portion of the valve passage.
- the spring-actuated piston comprises a shaft.
- the shaft preferably comprises a clearance fit with the narrow portion of the valve passage.
- the spring-actuated piston comprises a narrow neck significantly narrower than the narrow portion of the valve passage between the head and the shaft.
- the head may gradually taper into the neck.
- the spring-actuated piston is pushed backwards from the spring chamber and the head is seated against the piston seat thereby closing the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- the spring-actuated piston is pushed forwards towards the spring chamber, with the head at a maximum distance from the piston seat thereby fully opening the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- valve passage and the spring-actuated piston comprise intermediate configurations in which the spring-actuated piston is disposed between the first configuration and the second configuration, thereby partially opening the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- the configuration of the valve assembly may be mapped to the operating temperature and/ or the speed of the high pressure fuel pump.
- the at least one standard damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 0.6 mm and approximately 1.0 mm in diameter/width.
- the standard damping orifice extends from the spring chamber to an exterior of the housing approximately half way down thereof.
- a pressure limiting assembly for a high pressure diesel fuel pump comprising a housing with a plunger chamber at an open end with a plunger located therein, a spring chamber at a second (opposite) end with a spring disposed therein, the plunger being arranged for axially reciprocating movement along a plunger axis and being biased by the spring towards an inlet at the open end, the housing comprising at least one standard damping orifice linking the spring chamber with a return fuel line, and an outlet orifice linking the plunger chamber with the return fuel line, characterised in that the housing further comprises at least one variable damping orifice linking the spring chamber with the return fuel line.
- a high pressure diesel fuel pump 10 comprises a pressure limiting assembly 20, 30 communicable with a cambox 11, the pressure limiting assembly 20, 30 comprising a housing 21, 31 with a plunger chamber 22, 32 at an open end 21a, 31a with a plunger 23, 33 located therein, a spring chamber 24, 34 at a second (opposite) end 21b, 31b with a spring 25, 35 disposed therein, the plunger 23, 33 being arranged for axially reciprocating movement along a plunger axis A-A' and being biased, by the spring 25, 35 towards an inlet 26, 36 at the open end 21a, 31a, the housing 21, 31 comprising at least one standard damping orifice 27, 37 linking the spring chamber 24, 34 with a return fuel line 12, and an outlet 28, 38 linking the plunger chamber 22, 32 with the return fuel line 12, characterised in that the housing 21, 31 further comprises at least one variable damping orifice 40, 50 linking the spring chamber 24, 34 with the return fuel line 12.
- a first embodiment of the pressure limiting assembly 20 is shown more clearly in Figure 4 , although it is to be appreciated that many of the features are common to both first and second embodiments.
- the housing 21 of the pressure limiting assembly 20 is substantially cylindrical in shape.
- the pressure limiting assembly 20, 30 is adapted for installation in a bore (not shown) in a wall of a cambox 11 of a high pressure fuel pump 10 of a diesel internal combustion engine.
- the pressure limiting assembly 20, 30 can be arranged in any wall portion of the cambox 11.
- the bore is fluidly connected to both the cambox 11 via a fluid inlet port 15, and to a return fuel line 12 via a fluid outlet port 16.
- the housing 21 is retained in the bore via o-ring seals 13, 14 located in peripheral annual grooves in an exterior thereof.
- the grooves and the o-rings 13, 14 are disposed approximately half way down the spring chamber 24 and at a top of the spring chamber 24 respectively.
- the plunger chamber 22 and the spring chamber 24 are substantially cylindrical in shape, of similar or identical diameter, and are arranged end-to-end with one another within the housing 21.
- the plunger 23 comprises a body shaped for a clearance fit with the plunger chamber 22. Accordingly, the plunger 23 comprises a substantially cylindrical body to fit within the plunger chamber 22.
- the plunger 23 comprises a substantially flat driven end 23a adapted to sit flush within the open end 21a of the housing 21, and a seating end 23b with a raised central portion adapted to seat the spring 25.
- the plunger 23 comprises two axial bores 23c/ 23d, which approach one another from the open end 21a and the seating end 23b, respectively.
- a narrow bore 23e links the two axial bores 23c, 23d to provide fluid flow therethrough from the inlet 26 to the spring chamber 24 at any time.
- the spring 25 is fixedly attached to the second (opposite) end 21b of the housing 21 at one end (fixed end), and is seated over the raised central portion of the seating end 23b of the plunger 23 at an opposite end (seated end).
- the spring 25 is a is configured to yield under a predetermined pressure exerted thereon by the plunger 23, which in turn is subjected to pressure from the cambox 11 via the inlet 26.
- the outlet 28 shown comprises a narrow radial bore extending between the plunger chamber 22 and an exterior of the housing 21 for connection with the return fuel line 12.
- the outlet 28 is disposed proximal to the open end 21a of the housing 21 approximately 2 mm to approximately 4 mm from the open end 21a, although the skilled person will appreciate that this is dependent upon the pressure that the plunger 23 should be subjected to in order to open up the outlet 28, which in turn is dependent upon the cling requirements of the specific pump 10.
- the outlet 28 is approximately 2.0 mm to approximately 11.0 mm in diameter
- the outlet 28 comprises a plurality of holes and an example of four 2.6 mm holes is envisaged as a potential option.
- the at least one standard damping orifice 27 comprises a bore of approximately between 0.6 mm and approximately 1.0 mm in fixed diameter extending from the spring chamber 24 to an exterior of the housing 21 and adapted to connect with the return fuel line 12.
- the standard damping orifice 27 exits the spring chamber 24 via the cylindrical wall approximately half way down thereof.
- the standard damping orifice 27 exits the housing 21 on the plunger-side of the o-ring seal 13.
- variable damping orifice 40 comprises a wide (relative to the standard damping orifice 27) radial bore 41 of approximately between 0.8 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter, a valve passage 29 and a digitally controlled valve assembly 45.
- the diameter of the bore 41 of the variable damping orifice 40 is always larger than the diameter of the bore of the standard damping orifice 27 to ensure a greater maximum rate of flow of fluid therethrough, if required.
- the bore 41 extends from the second (opposite) end 21b of the housing 21 to the exterior of the housing 21 and exits the housing 21 between the two o-ring seals 13, 14.
- the bore 41 communicates with the spring chamber 24 via the valve passage 29 that exits the spring chamber 24 at the second (opposite) end 21b and extends coaxially with the spring chamber 24 and plunger chamber 22 within the second (opposite) end 21b of the housing 21.
- the valve passage 29 opens to the exterior of the housing at the second (opposite) end 21b.
- the digitally-controlled valve assembly 45 is mounted at the second (opposite) end 21b of the housing 21.
- the digitally controlled valve assembly 45 is adapted to vary the rate of flow of fluid provided through the valve passage 29, by restricting and enlarging a flow pathway of the valve passage 29 at a restriction point (see description hereafter).
- the maximum diameter of the variable damping orifice 40, namely the radial bore 41 is always larger than the fixed diameter of the standard damping orifice 27.
- the valve assembly 45 comprises a spring-actuated piston 46 which is moveably mounted within the valve passage 29 and controlled by a spring 47 mounted therebehind, and a solenoid arrangement 48 to control the spring 47.
- the valve passage 29 is profiled to seat the spring-actuated piston 46 in a first closed position and in a second open position.
- valve passage 29 comprises a first wide portion 29a at the entrance to the spring chamber 24 and a second narrow portion 29b extending to the second (opposite) end 21b of the housing 21. Between the first and second portions 29a, 29b the valve passage 29 comprises a tapered ledge 29c.
- the bore 41 joins the narrow portion 29b of the valve passage 29 proximal to the tapered ledge 29c.
- the spring-actuated piston 46 comprises a wide head portion 46a, a shaft 46b and a neck 46c.
- the wide head portion 46a gradually tapers into the narrow neck 46c before widening slightly to form the shaft 46b.
- the wide head 46a is shallower and narrower than the first wide portion 29a of the valve passage 29.
- the shaft 46b comprises a clearance fit with the narrow portion 29b of the valve passage 29.
- the neck 46c is significantly narrower than the narrow portion 29b of the valve passage 29.
- the wide head portion 46a of the spring-actuated piston 46 and the tapered ledge 29c of the valve passage 29 define an annular flow pathway/ no flow pathway therebetween (the restriction point) depending on the position of the spring-actuated piston 46.
- variable damping orifice 40 In the first (closed) position (as shown in Figure 4 ), the spring-actuated piston 46 is pushed backwards from the spring chamber 24 and the wide head 46a is seated against the ledge 29c, negating the annular flow pathway so that no fluid can by-pass the spring-actuated piston 46 to reach the bore 41. Therefore, the variable damping orifice 40 is considered to be closed.
- the spring-actuated piston 46 In the second (open) position, the spring-actuated piston 46 is pushed forwards towards the spring chamber 24, with the wide head 46a at a maximum distance from the ledge 29c, to provide a wide annular flow pathway therebetween. Likewise, the neck 46c provides an optimal annular space therearound to provide fluid access to the bore 41. Accordingly, in the second position, a maximum flow of fluid can by-pass the spring-actuated piston 46 and the ledge 29a to reach the bore 41.
- the only restricting factor to the rate of flow is the size of the bore 41, which is larger than that of the standard orifice 27. Therefore, the variable damping orifice 40 is considered to be open.
- the wide head 46a may be at any other distance from the ledge 29c, providing a narrower annular flow pathway and a restricted flow of fluid to the bore 41. Due to the tapering of the ledge 29c and the head 46a, the flow may be graded depending upon the position of the head 46a in the wide portion 29a. This in turn is controlled by the spring 47 and the solenoid mechanism 48. Again, the neck 46c provides an optimal annular space therearound to provide fluid access to the bore 41. Therefore, the variable damping orifice 40 is considered to be partially open.
- the solenoid mechanism 48 is digitally controlled (digitally-controlled valve assembly 45) and is therefore, configured to operate the spring-actuated piston 46 in a number of configurations. Therefore, in both embodiments, the digitally-controlled valve assembly 45 may be configured to operate a mapped open-loop damping system, in which the piston 46 of the variable damping orifice 40 is open to a predetermined amount to allow a required amount of fluid flow therethrough in response to a specific operating condition, e.g. temperature. In contrast, the digitally-controlled valve assembly 45 may be configured to operate a pressure feedback closed-loop damping system, in which the piston 46 of the variable damping orifice 40 is opened or closed depending upon the pressure differentials in the spring chamber 24 versus the plunger chamber 22.
Description
- The present invention relates generally to the field of high pressure diesel fuel pumps. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention concerns a pressure limiting assembly for high pressure diesel fuel pumps.
- As it is well known in the art, diesel internal combustion engines comprise a low-pressure fuel pump in order to feed fuel from a fuel tank to a high pressure fuel pump, which in turn delivers high pressure fuel to the common rail connected to a set of fuel injectors as described in
WO2009/065761 A1 and inDE 10 2013 201892 A1 . - The high pressure fuel pump typically comprises one or a plurality of pumping units disposed about a rotating driveshaft with a cam. Each of the pumping units comprises a plunger and the cam drives the plungers along respective pumping axes. The driveshaft and cam are located within a cambox of a pump housing.
- As shown in
Figure 1A , a low pressure fuel pump (not shown) supplies fuel through a lowpressure fuel line 2 at low pressure into thecambox 3 of a highpressure fuel pump 1. The fuel serves as a lubricant and essentially a cool flow of fuel for front andrear bearings head 6. The pumpinghead 6 sends the fuel at high pressure down a highpressure fuel line 7 to the common rail and fuel injectors (not shown). The fuel pressure in thecambox 3 may be regulated by means of alow pressure limiter 9, typically arranged in a wall of thecambox 3. Thelow pressure limiter 9 allows flow of the fuel from thecambox 3 back to a fuel tank (not shown). A typicallow pressure limiter 9 is shown inFigure 1B and comprises ahousing 9a for mounting in a bore in said wall of acambox 3. Thehousing 9a comprises an axially reciprocatingplunger 9b located in anaxial chamber 9c. Theplunger 9b is biased towards aninlet 9d by aspring 9e thereby closing saidinlet 9d. Thehousing 9a further comprises one or morestandard outlets 9f arranged at a bottom end of thechamber 9c near theinlet 9d. When the pressure in thecambox 3 acting on theplunger 9b exceeds the force of thespring 9e, the exceeding pressure pushes theplunger 9b back from theinlet 9d, thereby opening theinlet 9d and allowing fuel to flow both (a) between the clearance between theplunger 9b and thechamber 9c to thespring 9e and (b) through to theoutlets 9f to be returned to the fuel tank via areturn fuel line 8. - Due to the pressure oscillations experience in low pressure limiters, they are prone to erratic movement. Accordingly, hydraulic damping is included as part of the design, which comprises at least one
damping orifice 9g linking the spring-part of thechamber 9c with thereturn fuel line 8. The damping orifice(s) 9g is/are adapted to both evacuate exceeding fuel from the spring-part of thechamber 9c to thereturn fuel line 8 in addition to drawing in fuel into the spring-part of thechamber 9c from thereturn fuel line 8. - The disadvantage of such known
low pressure limiters 9 is that, despite providing a hydraulic damping feature, small changes in operating temperatures of a high pressure fuel pump can have dramatic effects on the level of damping that is required in order to keep the low pressure limiter steady. Furthermore, when known low pressure limiters are forced to operate at high speeds, the high level of damping often results in the pressure in the spring-part of thechamber 9c behind the plunger massively overwhelming the pressure in front of the plunger, causing the plunger to lock in a shut position ('hardening' or 'high speed closure'). At this point, no increased return fuel flow is possible. - It is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems of known arrangements.
- Therefore, it is now desired to provide an improved pressure limiting assembly that is capable of controlling the level of hydraulic damping therein.
- In a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a high pressure diesel pump according to
claim 1. - By 'standard damping orifice' what is meant is a bore of fixed diameter/ width adapted to provide a first fixed rate of damping flow in and out of the spring chamber.
- By 'variable damping orifice', what is meant is an arrangement of one or more bores and/or passages of fixed diameter/ width, with a means to reduce and/or block a bore or passage at at least one location in the arrangement, to provide a different rates of damping flow in and out of the spring chamber. With this arrangement, the pressure limiting assembly is able to adapt to provide different levels of hydraulic damping by controlling the rate of flow through the variable damping orifice. Where low levels of damping are required, the variable damping orifice is restricted or closed leaving the standard damping orifice to provide the damping required. Where a greater level of damping is required, the variable damping orifice may be opened at least partially to provide assistance to the standard damping orifice and a greater damping flow. Finally, where maximum levels of damping are required, the variable damping orifice may be fully opened, to provide the majority of the damping flow.
- The variable damping orifice comprises a wide (relative to the standard damping orifice) bore. The variable damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 0.8 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter/ width. Most preferably, the variable damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 1 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter/ width.
- Preferably, a diameter/width of the bore of the variable damping orifice is larger than a diameter/width of a bore of the standard damping orifice.
- According to the invention, the variable damping orifice comprises a valve passage linking the bore to the spring chamber. Preferably, the bore of the variable damping orifice extends from the valve passage to the exterior of the housing.
- Preferably, the valve passage opens to the exterior of the housing at the second (opposite) end.
- Preferably, the variable damping orifice comprises a valve assembly adapted to control the rate of damping flow through the valve passage. Preferably, therefore, the valve assembly comprises a restriction means located within the valve passage to provide a restriction point within the valve passage.
- Most preferably, the valve assembly and the valve passage comprise cooperating parts of said restriction means.
- Preferably, the valve assembly is located at the second (opposite) end of the housing. The valve assembly preferably comprises a solenoid valve.
- Preferably, the solenoid valve is digitally actuated.
- Preferably, the restriction means comprises a spring-actuated piston moveably mounted within the valve passage. Preferably, the restriction means also comprises a piston seat forming part of the valve passage. Preferably, the restriction means is configured to provide at least a first closed configuration and a second open configuration for the spring-actuated piston.
- Preferably, the valve passage comprises a wide portion disposed at the opening to the spring chamber and a narrow portion extending to the second (opposite) end of the housing with a piston seat therebetween.
- Preferably, the bore of the variable damping orifice joins the narrow portion of the valve passage proximal to the seat ledge.
- Between the piston seat may comprise a tapered ledge for the spring-actuated piston.
- Preferably, the spring-actuated piston comprises a head. The head is preferably shallower and narrower than the wide portion of the valve passage. Preferably, the spring-actuated piston comprises a shaft. The shaft preferably comprises a clearance fit with the narrow portion of the valve passage. Preferably, the spring-actuated piston comprises a narrow neck significantly narrower than the narrow portion of the valve passage between the head and the shaft.
- The head may gradually taper into the neck.
- Preferably, in the first closed configuration the spring-actuated piston is pushed backwards from the spring chamber and the head is seated against the piston seat thereby closing the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- Preferably, in the second open configuration the spring-actuated piston is pushed forwards towards the spring chamber, with the head at a maximum distance from the piston seat thereby fully opening the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- Preferably, the valve passage and the spring-actuated piston comprise intermediate configurations in which the spring-actuated piston is disposed between the first configuration and the second configuration, thereby partially opening the valve passage and the variable damping orifice.
- Preferably, the configuration of the valve assembly may be mapped to the operating temperature and/ or the speed of the high pressure fuel pump.
- Preferably, the at least one standard damping orifice comprises a bore of between approximately 0.6 mm and approximately 1.0 mm in diameter/width. Preferably, the standard damping orifice extends from the spring chamber to an exterior of the housing approximately half way down thereof.
- In a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a pressure limiting assembly for a high pressure diesel fuel pump, comprising a housing with a plunger chamber at an open end with a plunger located therein, a spring chamber at a second (opposite) end with a spring disposed therein, the plunger being arranged for axially reciprocating movement along a plunger axis and being biased by the spring towards an inlet at the open end, the housing comprising at least one standard damping orifice linking the spring chamber with a return fuel line, and an outlet orifice linking the plunger chamber with the return fuel line, characterised in that the housing further comprises at least one variable damping orifice linking the spring chamber with the return fuel line.
- It will be appreciated that the preferred features described in relation to the first aspect of the invention apply to the second aspect of the invention.
- For a better understanding of the invention, and to show how exemplary embodiments may be carried into effect, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
Figure 1A is a schematic view of a PRIOR ART high pressure fuel pump with a pressure limiting assembly; -
Figure 1B is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a PRIOR ART pressure limiting assembly according toFigure 1A ; -
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a high pressure fuel pump according to a first embodiment of the invention comprising a pressure limiting assembly showing the fuel flow pathways; -
Figure 3 is a schematic view of a high pressure fuel pump according to a second embodiment of the invention comprising a pressure limiting assembly showing the fuel flow pathways; -
Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure limiting assembly for the high pressure fuel pump according toFigure 2 or Figure 3 ; and -
Figure 5 is an expanded schematic cross-sectional view of a variable damping orifice of the pressure limiting assembly ofFigure 4 . - As shown in the Figures, a high pressure
diesel fuel pump 10 comprises apressure limiting assembly cambox 11, thepressure limiting assembly housing 21, 31 with aplunger chamber open end 21a, 31a with aplunger 23, 33 located therein, aspring chamber end 21b, 31b with aspring 25, 35 disposed therein, theplunger 23, 33 being arranged for axially reciprocating movement along a plunger axis A-A' and being biased, by thespring 25, 35 towards aninlet 26, 36 at theopen end 21a, 31a, thehousing 21, 31 comprising at least one standard dampingorifice spring chamber return fuel line 12, and anoutlet 28, 38 linking theplunger chamber return fuel line 12, characterised in that thehousing 21, 31 further comprises at least one variable dampingorifice spring chamber return fuel line 12. - A first embodiment of the
pressure limiting assembly 20 is shown more clearly inFigure 4 , although it is to be appreciated that many of the features are common to both first and second embodiments. - The
housing 21 of thepressure limiting assembly 20 is substantially cylindrical in shape. - As can be seen in
Figures 2 and 3 , thepressure limiting assembly cambox 11 of a highpressure fuel pump 10 of a diesel internal combustion engine. Thepressure limiting assembly cambox 11. The bore is fluidly connected to both thecambox 11 via afluid inlet port 15, and to areturn fuel line 12 via afluid outlet port 16. - The
housing 21 is retained in the bore via o-ring seals spring chamber 24 and at a top of thespring chamber 24 respectively. - Returning to the first embodiment shown in
Figure 4 , theplunger chamber 22 and thespring chamber 24 are substantially cylindrical in shape, of similar or identical diameter, and are arranged end-to-end with one another within thehousing 21. - The
plunger 23 comprises a body shaped for a clearance fit with theplunger chamber 22. Accordingly, theplunger 23 comprises a substantially cylindrical body to fit within theplunger chamber 22. Theplunger 23 comprises a substantially flat drivenend 23a adapted to sit flush within theopen end 21a of thehousing 21, and aseating end 23b with a raised central portion adapted to seat thespring 25. Theplunger 23 comprises twoaxial bores 23c/ 23d, which approach one another from theopen end 21a and theseating end 23b, respectively. Anarrow bore 23e links the twoaxial bores inlet 26 to thespring chamber 24 at any time. - The
spring 25 is fixedly attached to the second (opposite)end 21b of thehousing 21 at one end (fixed end), and is seated over the raised central portion of theseating end 23b of theplunger 23 at an opposite end (seated end). Thespring 25 is a is configured to yield under a predetermined pressure exerted thereon by theplunger 23, which in turn is subjected to pressure from thecambox 11 via theinlet 26. - The
outlet 28 shown comprises a narrow radial bore extending between theplunger chamber 22 and an exterior of thehousing 21 for connection with thereturn fuel line 12. Theoutlet 28 is disposed proximal to theopen end 21a of thehousing 21 approximately 2 mm to approximately 4 mm from theopen end 21a, although the skilled person will appreciate that this is dependent upon the pressure that theplunger 23 should be subjected to in order to open up theoutlet 28, which in turn is dependent upon the cling requirements of thespecific pump 10. Theoutlet 28 is approximately 2.0 mm to approximately 11.0 mm in diameter However, in an alternative embodiment, theoutlet 28 comprises a plurality of holes and an example of four 2.6 mm holes is envisaged as a potential option. - The at least one standard damping
orifice 27 comprises a bore of approximately between 0.6 mm and approximately 1.0 mm in fixed diameter extending from thespring chamber 24 to an exterior of thehousing 21 and adapted to connect with thereturn fuel line 12. The standard dampingorifice 27 exits thespring chamber 24 via the cylindrical wall approximately half way down thereof. The standard dampingorifice 27 exits thehousing 21 on the plunger-side of the o-ring seal 13. - The variable damping
orifice 40 comprises a wide (relative to the standard damping orifice 27) radial bore 41 of approximately between 0.8 mm and approximately 1.5 mm in diameter, avalve passage 29 and a digitally controlledvalve assembly 45. However, the diameter of thebore 41 of the variable dampingorifice 40 is always larger than the diameter of the bore of the standard dampingorifice 27 to ensure a greater maximum rate of flow of fluid therethrough, if required. - The
bore 41 extends from the second (opposite)end 21b of thehousing 21 to the exterior of thehousing 21 and exits thehousing 21 between the two o-ring seals bore 41 communicates with thespring chamber 24 via thevalve passage 29 that exits thespring chamber 24 at the second (opposite)end 21b and extends coaxially with thespring chamber 24 andplunger chamber 22 within the second (opposite)end 21b of thehousing 21. Thevalve passage 29 opens to the exterior of the housing at the second (opposite)end 21b. The digitally-controlledvalve assembly 45 is mounted at the second (opposite)end 21b of thehousing 21. The digitally controlledvalve assembly 45 is adapted to vary the rate of flow of fluid provided through thevalve passage 29, by restricting and enlarging a flow pathway of thevalve passage 29 at a restriction point (see description hereafter). However, the maximum diameter of the variable dampingorifice 40, namely the radial bore 41 is always larger than the fixed diameter of the standard dampingorifice 27. - The
valve assembly 45 comprises a spring-actuatedpiston 46 which is moveably mounted within thevalve passage 29 and controlled by aspring 47 mounted therebehind, and asolenoid arrangement 48 to control thespring 47. - The
valve passage 29 is profiled to seat the spring-actuatedpiston 46 in a first closed position and in a second open position. - Accordingly, as shown more clearly in
Figure 5 , thevalve passage 29 comprises a firstwide portion 29a at the entrance to thespring chamber 24 and a secondnarrow portion 29b extending to the second (opposite)end 21b of thehousing 21. Between the first andsecond portions valve passage 29 comprises a taperedledge 29c. - The
bore 41 joins thenarrow portion 29b of thevalve passage 29 proximal to the taperedledge 29c. - The spring-actuated
piston 46 comprises awide head portion 46a, ashaft 46b and aneck 46c. Thewide head portion 46a gradually tapers into thenarrow neck 46c before widening slightly to form theshaft 46b. Thewide head 46a is shallower and narrower than the firstwide portion 29a of thevalve passage 29. Theshaft 46b comprises a clearance fit with thenarrow portion 29b of thevalve passage 29. However, theneck 46c is significantly narrower than thenarrow portion 29b of thevalve passage 29. - The
wide head portion 46a of the spring-actuatedpiston 46 and the taperedledge 29c of thevalve passage 29 define an annular flow pathway/ no flow pathway therebetween (the restriction point) depending on the position of the spring-actuatedpiston 46. By changing the position of the spring-actuatedpiston 46 relative to the taperedledge 29c, the annular flow pathway can be negated, restricted (or enlarged) to remove, reduce (or increase), respectively, the rate of flow of fluid through thevalve passage 29. - In the first (closed) position (as shown in
Figure 4 ), the spring-actuatedpiston 46 is pushed backwards from thespring chamber 24 and thewide head 46a is seated against theledge 29c, negating the annular flow pathway so that no fluid can by-pass the spring-actuatedpiston 46 to reach thebore 41. Therefore, the variable dampingorifice 40 is considered to be closed. - In the second (open) position, the spring-actuated
piston 46 is pushed forwards towards thespring chamber 24, with thewide head 46a at a maximum distance from theledge 29c, to provide a wide annular flow pathway therebetween. Likewise, theneck 46c provides an optimal annular space therearound to provide fluid access to thebore 41. Accordingly, in the second position, a maximum flow of fluid can by-pass the spring-actuatedpiston 46 and theledge 29a to reach thebore 41. The only restricting factor to the rate of flow is the size of thebore 41, which is larger than that of thestandard orifice 27. Therefore, the variable dampingorifice 40 is considered to be open. - Between the first and second positions, the
wide head 46a may be at any other distance from theledge 29c, providing a narrower annular flow pathway and a restricted flow of fluid to thebore 41. Due to the tapering of theledge 29c and thehead 46a, the flow may be graded depending upon the position of thehead 46a in thewide portion 29a. This in turn is controlled by thespring 47 and thesolenoid mechanism 48. Again, theneck 46c provides an optimal annular space therearound to provide fluid access to thebore 41. Therefore, the variable dampingorifice 40 is considered to be partially open. - The
solenoid mechanism 48 is digitally controlled (digitally-controlled valve assembly 45) and is therefore, configured to operate the spring-actuatedpiston 46 in a number of configurations. Therefore, in both embodiments, the digitally-controlledvalve assembly 45 may be configured to operate a mapped open-loop damping system, in which thepiston 46 of the variable dampingorifice 40 is open to a predetermined amount to allow a required amount of fluid flow therethrough in response to a specific operating condition, e.g. temperature. In contrast, the digitally-controlledvalve assembly 45 may be configured to operate a pressure feedback closed-loop damping system, in which thepiston 46 of the variable dampingorifice 40 is opened or closed depending upon the pressure differentials in thespring chamber 24 versus theplunger chamber 22.
Claims (13)
- A high pressure diesel fuel pump (10) comprising a pressure limiting assembly (20, 30) communicable with a cambox (11), the pressure limiting assembly (20, 30) comprising a housing (21) with a plunger chamber (22, 32) at an open end (21a) with a plunger (23) located therein, a spring chamber (24, 34) at a second (opposite) end (21b) with a spring (25) disposed therein, the plunger (23) being arranged for axially reciprocating movement along a plunger axis (A-A') and being biased, by the spring (25) towards an inlet (26) at the open end (21a), the housing (21) comprising at least one standard damping orifice (27, 37) linking the spring chamber (24, 34) with a return fuel line (12), and an outlet (28) linking the plunger chamber (22, 32) with the return fuel line (12), characterised in that the housing (21) further comprises at least one variable damping orifice (40, 50) linking the spring chamber (24, 34) with the return fuel line (12), and wherein the variable damping orifice (40, 50) comprises a bore (41) of between approximately 0.8 mm and approximately 1.5 mm diameter, a valve passage (29) linking the bore (41) to the spring chamber (24, 34) and a digitally controlled valve assembly (45), the valve assembly (45) comprising a spring-actuated piston (46) being moveably mounted within the valve passage (29) and controlled by a spring (47) mounted therebehind.
- The pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the variable damping orifice (40, 50) comprises a valve assembly (45, 55) adapted to control rate of damping flow through the valve passage (29) via a restriction means located within the valve passage (29) to provide a restriction point within the valve passage (29).
- The pump according to claim 2, characterised in that the valve assembly (45, 55) and the valve passage (29) comprise cooperating parts of said restriction means.
- The pump according to claim 3, characterised in that the valve assembly (45, 55) comprises a digitally-actuated solenoid valve.
- The pump according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the restriction means comprises a spring-actuated piston (46) moveably mounted within the valve passage (29) and a piston seat (29c) forming part of the valve passage (29).
- The pump according to claim 5, characterised in that the restriction means are configured to provide at least a first closed configuration and a second open configuration for the spring-actuated piston (46).
- The pump according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the valve passage (29) comprises a wide portion (29a) disposed at the opening to the spring chamber (24, 34) and a narrow portion (29b) extending to the second (opposite) end (21b) of the housing (21) with the piston seat (29c) therebetween.
- The pump according to claim 7, characterised in that the bore (41) of the variable damping orifice (40, 50) joins the narrow portion (29b) of the valve passage (29) proximal to the piston seat (29c).
- The pump according to claim 8, characterised in that the spring-actuated piston (46) comprises a head (46a) shallower and narrower than the wide portion (29a) of the valve passage (29), a shaft (46b) comprising a clearance fit with the narrow portion (29b) of the valve passage (29), and a narrow neck (46c) significantly narrower than the narrow portion (29b) of the valve passage (29) therebetween.
- The pump according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that in the first closed configuration the spring-actuated piston (46) is pushed backwards from the spring chamber (24, 34) and the head (46a) is seated against the piston seat (29c) thereby closing the valve passage (29) and the variable damping orifice (40, 50).
- The pump according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterised in that in the second open configuration the spring-actuated piston (46) is pushed forwards towards the spring chamber (24, 34), with the head (46a) at a maximum distance from the piston seat (29c) thereby fully opening the valve passage (29) and the variable damping orifice (40, 50).
- The pump according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterised in that the valve passage (29) and the spring-actuated piston (46) comprise intermediate configurations in which the spring-actuated piston (46) is disposed between the first configuration and the second configuration, thereby partially opening the valve passage (29) and the variable damping orifice (40, 50).
- The pump according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterised in that the configuration of the valve assembly (45, 55) is mapped to the operating temperature and/ or the speed of the high pressure fuel pump (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1602013.3A GB201602013D0 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2016-02-04 | High pressure diesel fuel pump |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3203060A1 EP3203060A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
EP3203060B1 true EP3203060B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
Family
ID=55641810
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17153648.5A Active EP3203060B1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2017-01-27 | High pressure diesel fuel pump |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3203060B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB201602013D0 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013201892A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITMI20072219A1 (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-24 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | OVERPRESSURE VALVE AND HIGH PRESSURE PUMP INCLUDING THIS PRESSURE VALVE |
US8277200B2 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2012-10-02 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Variable displacement compressor with a discharge pressure compensated suction shutoff valve |
ITMI20110582A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-09 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | PUMPING GROUP FOR FOOD FUEL, PREFERIBLY GASOIL, FROM A CONTAINMENT TANK TO AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
-
2016
- 2016-02-04 GB GBGB1602013.3A patent/GB201602013D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-01-27 EP EP17153648.5A patent/EP3203060B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013201892A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB201602013D0 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP3203060A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
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