EP3200941B1 - Device and method for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels - Google Patents

Device and method for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3200941B1
EP3200941B1 EP15775426.8A EP15775426A EP3200941B1 EP 3200941 B1 EP3200941 B1 EP 3200941B1 EP 15775426 A EP15775426 A EP 15775426A EP 3200941 B1 EP3200941 B1 EP 3200941B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
plug
gas
slide
pouring
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EP15775426.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3200941A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe DE FRIES
Ulf SPETZLER
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Hermann Rauen Gmbh&co Vorm Steinhandel Rauen
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Hermann Rauen Gmbh&co Vorm Steinhandel Rauen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
    • B22D41/46—Refractory plugging masses
    • B22D41/465—Unplugging a vessel discharge port
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/42—Features relating to gas injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels such as ladles or the like, the pouring channel being arranged on the lined bottom of the vessel, with a slide closure having at least two slide plates with a stationary slide plate connected to the vessel and with at least one with this Slidable slide plate in operative contact, all slide plates having at least one pouring opening and being displaceable relative to one another in such a way that the pouring openings are made to coincide with the opening and outflow of the melt, a plug being arranged above the slide closure, the size of which exceeds the diameter of the pouring channel and which is connected to the lining of the vessel and, wherein the slide closure has a gas supply line, and a method for operating such a device.
  • the prior art therefore also contains examples of constructions in which attempts have been made to operate the stopper from the underside of the container (such as, for example US 2,863,189 or US 3,651,825 ).
  • a disadvantage of the pan slide closures is, in particular, the fact that so-called “slide filler sand” must be used to protect the metallic slide closures, which sand is filled above the closed slide closure into a wear sleeve located there before the pan is filled with melt.
  • the sand provides good protection for the slide lock.
  • the problem here is the unavoidable entry of gate filler sand in distribution channels and molds, which lead to loss of output through so-called 'precursors'. Cracks in semi-finished products in the area of the block feet or a deterioration in the degree of cleanliness when changing pans are also disadvantageous.
  • a generic device with all the features of the preamble of claim 1 is from the FR 24 27 866 A1 known.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the quality by reducing the oxide input in the continuous casting distributor and block molds and thus to achieve an improvement in economy by dispensing with filler sand.
  • this object is achieved in that the gas supply line is arranged in the displaceable slide plate in such a way that during the opening process, before the pouring channel is opened, the outlet of the gas supply line is connected to the opening of the stationary slide plate and that the gas supply line acts as a storage container Gas storage is connected and the gas storage can be supplied with gas via a capillary line.
  • the use of sliding filler sand and the associated disadvantages can be completely dispensed with in a simple construction.
  • the object is achieved by pneumatically releasing the plug closing the pouring spout by opening the spout by applying a pressurized gas to the gas supply line, and by using the slide valve as a valve to apply gas to the pouring spout. After removal, the stopper floats to the surface of the melt. Deposits caused by filler sand in the outlet opening can be reliably avoided by the method according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention allow electronic monitoring of the opening process since the slide closure is used as a valve.
  • the slide plate acts as a valve for opening or closing the gas supply. Due to the replacement of the slide filler sand with a stopper made of refractory material with preferably lower oxygen activity, precursors can be reduced or even avoided in a simple manner and there are no sand deposits in the outlet opening. In addition, there is a significant improvement in occupational safety, since burn-on can be reliably prevented.
  • a perforated brick is integrated into the fireproof lining of the vessel above the slide closure.
  • the size of the opening is expediently dimensioned such that a wear sleeve can be arranged therein, through the opening of which the melt can flow off after the pouring channel has been opened.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides that the wear sleeve is funnel-shaped in its upper region. In this way, a uniform outflow of the melt is facilitated.
  • the geometry of the underside of the stopper is matched to the particular shape of the wear sleeve.
  • the shape can be conical, conical, rounded, stepped or combined.
  • the stopper is fixed in the wear sleeve by means of a refractory mortar.
  • the amount of mortar used must be such that it ensures a sufficiently tight connection to the wear sleeve and the stopper is nevertheless "blown free" by the gas supplied. can be.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the wear sleeve and the plugs fixed therein are pre-assembled as a unit for insertion into a metallurgical vessel.
  • a pouring sleeve is arranged below the slide closure.
  • This pouring sleeve is preferably connected to the lowest slide plate, for example in a design as an interchangeable spout with a bayonet catch.
  • the gas supply line is connected to a storage container which acts as a gas store.
  • the pouring sleeve be preheated before the slide closure is opened.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the opening process is electronically controlled or regulated. This enables reproducible opening conditions to be achieved.
  • a perforated brick 1 which consists of a block made of refractory material with a square or round cross section and which is inserted into the bottom of a metallurgical vessel (not shown) and integrated in its wear lining.
  • a wear sleeve 2 is inserted, which has a central opening 3, which is widened in a funnel shape in its upper region 4.
  • the displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure has a gas supply line 10 with an outlet 11 located on the upper side of the slide plate 7.
  • a stopper 12 is arranged above the slide closure, the size of which exceeds the diameter of the pouring channel and which is connected to the wear sleeve 2 by means of a refractory cement 13. Furthermore, the gas supply line 10 can be pressurized with a pressurized gas in such a way that the stopper 12 can be pneumatically released from its closed position to release the outlet channel.
  • the displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure is shifted to the right in the illustrated and in this respect preferred exemplary embodiment until the gas supply line 10 is connected with its outlet 11 to the opening 6 of the slide plate 5, as in FIG Fig. 3 is shown.
  • the build-up of the gas pressure releases the plug 12 from the wear sleeve 2 ( Fig. 4 ) and floats in the melt.
  • the material for the plug 12 and the wear sleeve 2 is preferably an alumina cement.
  • a further movement of the displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure first closes the outlet 11 of the gas supply line 10 and then completely exposes the outlet channel, so that the melt can flow out of the vessel, as with the arrow in Fig. 5 is indicated.
  • Fig. 6 shown that the gas supply line 10 is connected to a gas storage 14, which in turn is supplied with the pressurized gas only via a capillary line 15.
  • a sudden relaxation takes place through the valve-like opening when the outlet 11 of the gas supply line 10 is connected to the opening 6 in the stationary slide plate 5 in order to detach the plug 12.
  • gas volume surges and a resulting delay in boiling can be reliably avoided.
  • the device according to the invention can be controlled and / or regulated electronically so that reproducible opening conditions can be achieved.
  • the device shown is only a preferred exemplary embodiment and is in no way intended to limit the basic idea of the invention.
  • the invention can also be used with slide closures made of three slide plates if an improved fit is desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Öffnen eines Ausgusskanals von metallurgischen Gefäßen wie Gießpfannen oder dergleichen, wobei der Ausgusskanal am ausgekleideten Boden des Gefäßes angeordnet ist, mit einem wenigstens zwei Schieberplatten aufweisenden Schieberverschluss mit einer ortsfesten und mit dem Gefäß verbundenen Schieberplatte und mit wenigstens einer mit dieser in Wirkkontakt stehenden verschiebbaren Schieberplatte, wobei alle Schieberplatten wenigstens eine Gießöffnung aufweisen und derart gegeneinander verschiebbar sind, dass zum Öffnen und Herausfließen der Schmelze die Gießöffnungen in Deckung gebracht werden, wobei oberhalb des Schieberverschlusses ein Stopfen angeordnet ist, dessen Größe den Durchmesser des Ausgusskanals übersteigt und der mit der Auskleidung des Gefäßes verbunden ist und, wobei der Schieberverschluss eine Gaszufuhrleitung aufweist, sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a device for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels such as ladles or the like, the pouring channel being arranged on the lined bottom of the vessel, with a slide closure having at least two slide plates with a stationary slide plate connected to the vessel and with at least one with this Slidable slide plate in operative contact, all slide plates having at least one pouring opening and being displaceable relative to one another in such a way that the pouring openings are made to coincide with the opening and outflow of the melt, a plug being arranged above the slide closure, the size of which exceeds the diameter of the pouring channel and which is connected to the lining of the vessel and, wherein the slide closure has a gas supply line, and a method for operating such a device.

Aus der Praxis sind seit langer Zeit unterschiedlichste Arten bekannt, metallurgische Gefäße, welche am Boden mit einem Ausgusskanal versehen sind, derart zu verschließen, dass der Ausgusskanal zu einem vorbestimmten Zeitpunkt zum Abfluss der Schmelze geöffnet werden kann. Im einfachsten Fall dienen dazu sog. Stopfenpfannen mit Bodenentleerung, bei denen ein Stopfen auf dem Bodenausgusskanal zum Verschließen desselben angeordnet war, wobei der Stopfen zum Freigeben des Ausgusskanals durch Anheben der Stopfenstange betätigt werden konnte. Diese Art von Gießpfannen wurde insbesondere für den Stahlguss zum Abhalten der auf der Schmelze schwimmenden Schlacke verwendet. Trotz des einfachen Aufbaus ist eine mechanische Betätigung mittels einer durch die Schmelze geführten Stopfenstange unvorteilhaft.A wide variety of ways have been known from practice for a long time to close metallurgical vessels, which are provided with a pouring channel on the bottom, in such a way that the pouring channel can be opened at a predetermined point in time for the melt to flow off. In the simplest case, so-called stopper pans with bottom emptying are used, in which a stopper was arranged on the bottom pouring spout for closing the same, the stopper being able to be actuated to open the pouring spout by lifting the stopper rod. This type of ladle was used in particular for steel casting to keep the slag floating on the melt. Despite the simple structure, mechanical actuation by means of a plug rod guided through the melt is disadvantageous.

Im Stand der Technik findet man daher auch Beispiele für Konstruktionen, bei denen versucht wurde, den Stopfen von der Unterseite des Behälters aus zu bedienen (wie beispielsweise US 2 863 189 oder US 3 651 825 ).The prior art therefore also contains examples of constructions in which attempts have been made to operate the stopper from the underside of the container (such as, for example US 2,863,189 or US 3,651,825 ).

In jüngerer Zeit haben sich an Stelle des Stopfenzuges Schieberverschlüsse zum Öffnen der Ausgießkanäle von metallurgischen Gefäßen weitgehend durchgesetzt. Dabei werden zwei oder mehr jeweils wenigstens eine Öffnung aufweisende metallische oder keramische Platten derart gegeneinander verschoben, dass die Öffnungen in Deckung gebracht werden können, um den Ausgusskanal freizugeben. So zeigt beispielsweise die US 5 016 788 einen Schieberverschluss mit einer Öffnung.In recent times, slide closures for opening the pouring channels of metallurgical vessels have largely prevailed instead of the plug pull. In this case, two or more metallic or ceramic plates each having at least one opening are displaced relative to one another in such a way that the openings can be made to coincide in order to expose the pouring channel. For example, the US 5,016,788 a slide closure with an opening.

Nachteilig an den Pfannenschieberverschlüssen ist insbesondere die Tatsache, dass zum Schutz der metallischen Schieberverschlüsse sog. ,Schieberfüllsand' eingesetzt werden muss, welcher oberhalb des geschlossenen Schieberverschlusses in eine dort befindliche Verschleißhülse gefüllt wird, bevor die Pfanne mit Schmelze gefüllt wird. Der Sand bildet dabei einen guten Schutz für den Schieberverschluss. Problematisch dabei ist jedoch ein nicht zu vermeidender Eintrag von Schieberfüllsand in Verteilerrinnen und Formen, die zu Ausbringverlusten durch sog. ,Vorläufer' führen. Ebenfalls nachteilig sind Risse bei Halbzeugen im Bereich der Blockfüße oder eine Reinheitsgradverschlechterung beim Pfannenwechsel. Ferner führt die Verwendung von Schieberfüllsand zu einem unerwünschten Sauerstoffeintrag in Schmelzen beim Ausbrennen von Pfannen und einem möglichen Verletzungsrisiko. Des Weiteren sind "Tropfende Pfannen" beim Angießen und/oder ein möglicher Eintrag oxidierter Metalltropfen nicht zu vermeiden.A disadvantage of the pan slide closures is, in particular, the fact that so-called "slide filler sand" must be used to protect the metallic slide closures, which sand is filled above the closed slide closure into a wear sleeve located there before the pan is filled with melt. The sand provides good protection for the slide lock. The problem here, however, is the unavoidable entry of gate filler sand in distribution channels and molds, which lead to loss of output through so-called 'precursors'. Cracks in semi-finished products in the area of the block feet or a deterioration in the degree of cleanliness when changing pans are also disadvantageous. In addition, the use of sliding filler sand leads to an undesirable introduction of oxygen into the melt when pans burn out and a possible risk of injury. Furthermore, "dripping pans" during pouring and / or a possible entry of oxidized metal drops cannot be avoided.

Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit allen Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Anspruch 1 ist aus der FR 24 27 866 A1 bekannt.A generic device with all the features of the preamble of claim 1 is from the FR 24 27 866 A1 known.

Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Qualitätsverbesserung durch Verringerung des Oxid-Eintrages in Stranggussverteiler und Blockkokillen und damit eine Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit zu erreichen, indem auf Schieberfüllsand verzichtet wird.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to improve the quality by reducing the oxide input in the continuous casting distributor and block molds and thus to achieve an improvement in economy by dispensing with filler sand.

Diese Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dadurch gelöst, dass die Gaszufuhrleitung in der verschiebbaren Schieberplatte derart angeordnet ist, dass beim Öffnungsvorgang vor dem Freigeben des Ausgusskanals der Auslass der Gaszufuhrleitung mit der Öffnung der ortsfesten Schieberplatte verbunden ist und dass die Gaszufuhrleitung mit einem als Vorratsbehälter wirkenden Gasspeicher verbunden ist und der Gasspeicher über eine Kapillarleitung mit Gas beaufschlagbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann bei einfacher Konstruktion auf den Einsatz von Schieberfüllsand und die damit einhergehenden Nachteile komplett verzichtet werden.With regard to the device according to the invention, this object is achieved in that the gas supply line is arranged in the displaceable slide plate in such a way that during the opening process, before the pouring channel is opened, the outlet of the gas supply line is connected to the opening of the stationary slide plate and that the gas supply line acts as a storage container Gas storage is connected and the gas storage can be supplied with gas via a capillary line. In this way, the use of sliding filler sand and the associated disadvantages can be completely dispensed with in a simple construction.

Verfahrensmäßig erfolgt die Lösung der Aufgabe dadurch, dass zum Öffnen des Ausgusskanals durch Beaufschlagen der Gaszufuhrleitung mit einem unter Druck stehenden Gas der den Ausgusskanal verschließenden Stopfen pneumatisch herausgelöst wird und dass der Schieberverschluss als Ventil für die Beaufschlagung des Ausgusskanals mit Gas genutzt wird. Nach dem Herauslösen schwimmt der Stopfen anschließend in der Schmelze zu deren Oberfläche auf. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren können Ablagerungen durch Schieberfüllsand in der Auslauföffnung zuverlässig vermieden werden.In terms of the method, the object is achieved by pneumatically releasing the plug closing the pouring spout by opening the spout by applying a pressurized gas to the gas supply line, and by using the slide valve as a valve to apply gas to the pouring spout. After removal, the stopper floats to the surface of the melt. Deposits caused by filler sand in the outlet opening can be reliably avoided by the method according to the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bzw. das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlauben eine elektronische Überwachung des Öffnungsprozesses, da der Schieberverschluss als Ventil eingesetzt wird. Dabei wirkt die Schieberplatte gewissermaßen als Ventil zum Öffnen bzw. Verschließen der Gaszufuhr. Aufgrund des Ersatzes des Schieberfüllsandes durch einen Stopfen aus Feuerfestmaterial mit bevorzugt niedrigerer Sauerstoffaktivität lassen sich auf einfache Weise auch Vorläufer reduzieren oder gar vermeiden und es entstehen keine Sandablagerungen in der Auslauföffnung. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich eine deutliche Verbesserung der Arbeitssicherheit, da ein Aufbrennen zuverlässig verhindert werden kann.The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention allow electronic monitoring of the opening process since the slide closure is used as a valve. The slide plate acts as a valve for opening or closing the gas supply. Due to the replacement of the slide filler sand with a stopper made of refractory material with preferably lower oxygen activity, precursors can be reduced or even avoided in a simple manner and there are no sand deposits in the outlet opening. In addition, there is a significant improvement in occupational safety, since burn-on can be reliably prevented.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre der Erfindung ist oberhalb des Schieberverschlusses ein Lochstein in die feuerfeste Auskleidung des Gefäßes integriert. Die Größe der Öffnung ist dabei zweckmäßiger Weise so bemessen, dass darin eine Verschleißhülse angeordnet werden kann, durch deren Öffnung die Schmelze nach dem Öffnen des Ausgusskanals abfließen kann.According to a further teaching of the invention, a perforated brick is integrated into the fireproof lining of the vessel above the slide closure. The size of the opening is expediently dimensioned such that a wear sleeve can be arranged therein, through the opening of which the melt can flow off after the pouring channel has been opened.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Verschleißhülse in ihrem oberen Bereich trichterförmig ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein gleichmäßiges Ausfließen der Schmelze erleichtert.Another embodiment of the invention provides that the wear sleeve is funnel-shaped in its upper region. In this way, a uniform outflow of the melt is facilitated.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausbildung der Erfindung ist die Geometrie der Unterseite des Stopfens auf die jeweilige Form der Verschleißhülse abgestimmt. Die Form kann dabei kegelförmig, konisch, gerundet, stufenförmig oder daraus kombiniert ausgeführt sein.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the geometry of the underside of the stopper is matched to the particular shape of the wear sleeve. The shape can be conical, conical, rounded, stepped or combined.

Eine weitere Lehre der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Stopfen mittels eines Feuerfestmörtels in der Verschleißhülse festgesetzt ist Die eingesetzte Menge des Mörtels muss so bemessen sein, dass sie eine ausreichend dichte Verbindung mit der Verschleißhülse gewährleistet und der Stopfen dennoch durch das zugeführte Gas "freigesprengt" werden kann.Another teaching of the invention provides that the stopper is fixed in the wear sleeve by means of a refractory mortar. The amount of mortar used must be such that it ensures a sufficiently tight connection to the wear sleeve and the stopper is nevertheless "blown free" by the gas supplied. can be.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Verschleißhülse und die darin festgesetzten Stopfen als Einheit zum Einsetzen in ein metallurgisches Gefäß vorkonfektioniert sind. Ein solch vorkonfektioniertes "Set", bei dem der Stopfen bereits in die Innenhülse gemörtelt wurde, schafft deutliche Vorteile hinsichtlich der Einbauzeit, da das gesamte Teil vor jedem Guß als Ganzes in die Öffnung der Auskleidung des metallischen Gefäßes vor jedem Guß eingesetzt werden kann.Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the wear sleeve and the plugs fixed therein are pre-assembled as a unit for insertion into a metallurgical vessel. Such a prefabricated "set", in which the plug has already been mortared into the inner sleeve, creates clear advantages with regard to the installation time, since the entire part can be inserted as a whole into the opening of the lining of the metallic vessel before each casting before each casting.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist unterhalb des Schieberverschlusses eine Ausgusshülse angeordnet. Diese Ausgusshülse ist bevorzugt mit der untersten Schieberplatte verbunden, beispielsweise in einer Ausführung als Wechselausguss mit einem Bajonettverschluss.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a pouring sleeve is arranged below the slide closure. This pouring sleeve is preferably connected to the lowest slide plate, for example in a design as an interchangeable spout with a bayonet catch.

In zweckmäßiger Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Gaszufuhrleitung mit einem als Gasspeicher wirkenden Vorratsbehälter verbunden. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass der Druck aus dem Vorratsbehälter sich auf einmal über die Gaszufuhrleitung in die Öffnung der Verschleißhülse entspannt und auf diese Weise den Stopfen aus der Verschleißhülse gegen den ferrostatischen Druck der Schmelze pneumatisch herauslöst.In an expedient development of the invention, the gas supply line is connected to a storage container which acts as a gas store. The result of this is that the pressure from the reservoir suddenly relaxes via the gas supply line into the opening of the wear sleeve and in this way pneumatically releases the stopper from the wear sleeve against the ferrostatic pressure of the melt.

Dadurch, dass der Gasspeicher zur Vermeidung von Volumenstößen über eine Kapillarleitung mit Gas beaufschlagt wird, kann dem Auftreten unerwünschten Siedeverzuges begegnet werden.The fact that gas is applied to the gas storage via a capillary line to avoid volume surges can counteract the occurrence of undesirable delay in boiling.

Um ein 'Einfrieren' der Schmelze beim Ausfließen aus dem Gefäß zuverlässig zu vermeiden, wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Ausgusshülse vor dem Öffnen des Schieberverschlusses vorgewärmt wird.In order to reliably prevent the melt from “freezing” when it flows out of the vessel, it is proposed that the pouring sleeve be preheated before the slide closure is opened.

Schließlich sieht eine andere bevorzugte Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vor, dass der Öffnungsprozess elektronisch gesteuert bzw. geregelt wird. Dadurch lassen sich reproduzierbare Öffnungsbedingungen erreichen.Finally, another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the opening process is electronically controlled or regulated. This enables reproducible opening conditions to be achieved.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand einer lediglich bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
den schematischen Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit geschlossenem Ausgusskanal im Vertikalschnitt,
Fig. 2
den Gegenstand aus Fig. 1 mit in die Verschleißhülse eingesetztem Stopfen,
Fig. 3
die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit geschlossenem Ausgusskanal und geöffneter Gaszufuhrleitung im Vertikalschnitt,
Fig. 4
den Gegenstand aus Fig. 3 mit herausgelöstem Stopfen,
Fig. 5
die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit geöffnetem Ausgusskanal und (wieder) geschlossener Gaszufuhrleitung im Vertikalschnitt und
Fig. 6
den Gegenstand aus Fig. 4 mit einem als Vorratsbehälter wirkenden Gasspeicher.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing which represents only preferred exemplary embodiments. Show in the drawing
Fig. 1
the schematic structure of a device according to the invention with a closed pouring channel in vertical section,
Fig. 2
the object Fig. 1 with plug inserted in the wear sleeve,
Fig. 3
the device according to the invention with closed pouring channel and open gas supply line in vertical section,
Fig. 4
the object Fig. 3 with the stopper removed,
Fig. 5
the device according to the invention with open pouring spout and (again) closed gas supply line in vertical section and
Fig. 6
the item Fig. 4 with a gas storage tank acting as a storage container.

In Fig. 1 ist zunächst ein Lochstein 1 erkennbar, welcher aus einem Block aus Feuerfest-Material mit quadratischem oder rundem Querschnitt besteht und der in den Boden eines - nicht dargestellten - metallurgischen Gefäßes eingesetzt und in dessen Verschleißfutter integriert ist. In der Öffnung des Lochsteins 1 ist eine Verschleißhülse 2 eingesetzt, welche eine mittige Öffnung 3 aufweist, die in ihrem oberen Bereich 4 trichterförmig erweitert ist.In Fig. 1 First of all, a perforated brick 1 can be seen, which consists of a block made of refractory material with a square or round cross section and which is inserted into the bottom of a metallurgical vessel (not shown) and integrated in its wear lining. In the opening of the perforated brick 1, a wear sleeve 2 is inserted, which has a central opening 3, which is widened in a funnel shape in its upper region 4.

Unterhalb des Lochsteins 1 befindet sich eine ortsfeste Schieberplatte 5, die wiederum eine Öffnung 6 aufweist. Darunter erkennt man eine weitere Schieberplatte 7, die ebenfalls mit einer Öffnung 8 versehen ist. Diese Schieberplatte 7 ist gegen die ortsfeste Schieberplatte 5 in Längsrichtung verschiebbar. Unterhalb der unteren Schieberplatte 7 ist eine Ausgusshülse 9 angeordnet.Below the perforated brick 1 there is a stationary slide plate 5, which in turn has an opening 6. Below this you can see another slide plate 7, which is also provided with an opening 8. This slide plate 7 is displaceable in the longitudinal direction against the stationary slide plate 5. A pouring sleeve 9 is arranged below the lower slide plate 7.

Alle Öffnungen 3, 6 und 8 sowie die nicht näher bezeichnete Öffnung der Ausgusshülse 9 haben den gleichen Durchmesser und bilden bei geöffnetem Schieberverschluss einen Auslaufkanal für die im Gefäß befindliche Schmelze.All openings 3, 6 and 8 as well as the opening of the pouring sleeve 9, which is not described in greater detail, have the same diameter and, when the slide closure is open, form an outlet channel for the melt located in the vessel.

Die verschiebbare Schieberplatte 7 des Schieberverschlusses weist eine Gaszufuhrleitung 10 mit einem auf der Oberseite der Schieberplatte 7 befindlichen Auslass 11 auf.The displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure has a gas supply line 10 with an outlet 11 located on the upper side of the slide plate 7.

In Fig. 2 ist erkennbar, dass zum Schutz der Schieberplatten 5, 7 oberhalb des Schieberverschlusses ein Stopfen 12 angeordnet ist, dessen Größe den Durchmesser des Ausgusskanals übersteigt und der mittels eines Feuerfestzements 13 mit der Verschleißhülse 2 verbunden ist. Des Weiteren ist die Gaszufuhrleitung 10 mit einem unter Druck stehenden Gas derart beaufschlagbar, dass der Stopfen 12 aus seiner Verschlussstellung zur Freigabe des Auslaufkanals pneumatisch herauslösbar ist.In Fig. 2 it can be seen that to protect the slide plates 5, 7, a stopper 12 is arranged above the slide closure, the size of which exceeds the diameter of the pouring channel and which is connected to the wear sleeve 2 by means of a refractory cement 13. Furthermore, the gas supply line 10 can be pressurized with a pressurized gas in such a way that the stopper 12 can be pneumatically released from its closed position to release the outlet channel.

Dazu wird die verschiebbare Schieberplatte 7 des Schieberverschlusses im dargestellten und insoweit bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel nach rechts verschoben, bis die Gaszufuhrleitung 10 mit ihrem Auslass 11 mit der Öffnung 6 der Schieberplatte 5 verbunden ist, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist. Durch den Aufbau des Gasdruckes löst sich der Stopfen 12 aus der Verschleißhülse 2 (Fig. 4) und schwimmt in der Schmelze auf. Das Material für den Stopfen 12 und die Verschleißhülse 2 ist bevorzugt ein Tonerdezement.For this purpose, the displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure is shifted to the right in the illustrated and in this respect preferred exemplary embodiment until the gas supply line 10 is connected with its outlet 11 to the opening 6 of the slide plate 5, as in FIG Fig. 3 is shown. The build-up of the gas pressure releases the plug 12 from the wear sleeve 2 ( Fig. 4 ) and floats in the melt. The material for the plug 12 and the wear sleeve 2 is preferably an alumina cement.

Eine weitere Bewegung der verschiebbaren Schieberplatte 7 des Schieberverschlusses verschließt zunächst den Auslass 11 der Gaszufuhrleitung 10 und legt anschließend den Auslaufkanal vollständig frei, so dass die Schmelze aus dem Gefäß herausfließen kann, wie mit dem Pfeil in Fig. 5 angedeutet ist.A further movement of the displaceable slide plate 7 of the slide closure first closes the outlet 11 of the gas supply line 10 and then completely exposes the outlet channel, so that the melt can flow out of the vessel, as with the arrow in Fig. 5 is indicated.

Es ist schnell ersichtlich, dass bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nur eine äußerst geringe Beeinträchtigung des Reinheitsgrades der Schmelze durch die freigesetzten Zementreste erfolgt. Diese ist deutlich niedriger als beim Einsatz von Schieberfüllsand. Dies führt zu einer Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung.It can quickly be seen that in the device according to the invention there is only an extremely slight impairment of the degree of purity of the melt by the released cement residues. This is significantly lower than when using push fill sand. This leads to an improvement in the economy of the solution according to the invention.

Schließlich ist in Fig. 6 dargestellt, dass die Gaszufuhrleitung 10 mit einem Gasspeicher 14 in Verbindung steht, welcher wiederum nur über eine Kapillarleitung 15 mit dem unter Druck stehenden Gas versorgt wird. Dadurch erfolgt zum Herauslösen des Stopfens 12 eine schlagartige Entspannung durch die ventilartige Öffnung bei der Verbindung des Auslasses 11 der Gaszufuhrleitung 10 mit der Öffnung 6 in der ortsfesten Schieberplatte 5. Auf diese Weise lassen sich Gas-Volumenstöße und ein dadurch auftretender Siedeverzug zuverlässig vermeiden.Finally in Fig. 6 shown that the gas supply line 10 is connected to a gas storage 14, which in turn is supplied with the pressurized gas only via a capillary line 15. As a result, a sudden relaxation takes place through the valve-like opening when the outlet 11 of the gas supply line 10 is connected to the opening 6 in the stationary slide plate 5 in order to detach the plug 12. In this way, gas volume surges and a resulting delay in boiling can be reliably avoided.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung lässt sich elektronisch steuern und/oder regeln, so dass reproduzierbare Öffnungsbedingungen erreicht werden können.The device according to the invention can be controlled and / or regulated electronically so that reproducible opening conditions can be achieved.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die dargestellte Vorrichtung nur ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel darstellt und den Grundgedanken der Erfindung in keiner Weise beschränken soll. So lässt sich die Erfindung auch mit Schieberverschlüssen aus drei Schieberplatten einsetzen, falls eine verbesserte Passgenauigkeit erwünscht ist.It should be pointed out that the device shown is only a preferred exemplary embodiment and is in no way intended to limit the basic idea of the invention. Thus, the invention can also be used with slide closures made of three slide plates if an improved fit is desired.

Claims (14)

  1. A device for opening a spout of metallurgical vessels such as pouring ladles or the like, whereby the pouring channel on the lined bottom of the vessel, with a slide valve closure having at least two slide plates (5, 7), wherein the slide valve closure has a stationary slide plate (5) connected to the vessel and at least one displaceable slide plate (7) in operative contact therewith, wherein all slide plates (5, 7) have at least one pouring opening (6, 8) and are displaceable relative to one another in such a way that the pouring openings (6, 8) are brought into alignment in order to open the slide valve and allow the melt flowing out, wherein a plug (12) is arranged above the slide valve closure, the size of which plug (12) exceeds the diameter of the discharge channel and which is connected to the lining of the vessel, wherein the slide closure has a gas supply line (10) and wherein the gas supply line (10) can be acted upon by a pressurised gas in such a way that the plug (12) can be pneumatically released from its closed position to release the discharge channel,
    characterised in that
    the gas supply line (10) is arranged in the displaceable slide plate (7) in such a way that during the opening process before the release of the outlet (11) of the gas supply line (10) is connected to the opening (6) of the stationary slide plate (5) and that the gas supply line (10) is connected to a gas reservoir (14) acting as a storage container and the gas reservoir (14) can be charged with gas via a capillary line (15).
  2. Device according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a nozzle brick (1) is integrated into the refractory lining of the vessel above the slide valve closure.
  3. Device according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    a wear sleeve (2) is arranged in the opening of the nozzle brick (1).
  4. Device according to claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the wear sleeve (2) is funnel-shaped in its upper area (4).
  5. Device according to any of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    the plug (12) is made of refractory material with a low oxygen activity.
  6. Device according to claim 5,
    characterised in that
    the geometry of the lower side of the plug (12) corresponds to the respective shape of the wear sleeve (2).
  7. Device according to claim 5 or 6,
    characterised in that
    the plug (12) is fixed by means of a refractory mortar (13) in the wear sleeve (2).
  8. Device according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the wear sleeve and the plug fixed therein as a unit are preassembled for insertion in a metallurgical vessel.
  9. Device according to any of claims 1 to 8,
    characterised in that
    a pouring sleeve (9) is arranged below the slide valve.
  10. Method for operating a device for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels such as pouring ladles or the like according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that
    the plug closing the outlet channel is pneumatically released for opening the outlet channel by pressurising the gas supply line with a pressurised gas and that the slide valve is used as a valve for pressurising the outlet channel with gas.
  11. Method of operating a device according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the plug is closed in the melt after removal from the spout whose surface is floating.
  12. Method according to claim 10 or 11,
    characterised in that
    the gas supply line is supplied with gas from a pressurised gas reservoir, the pressure in the gas reservoir being such that it can release the plug against the ferrostatic pressure of the melt.
  13. Proceedings according to one of claims 10 to 12,
    characterised in that
    the spout sleeve is preheated before opening the slide valve.
  14. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterised in that
    the opening process is electronically controlled or regulated.
EP15775426.8A 2014-10-01 2015-09-30 Device and method for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels Active EP3200941B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014114301.9A DE102014114301A1 (en) 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 Apparatus and method for opening a spout channel of metallurgical vessels
PCT/EP2015/072562 WO2016050847A1 (en) 2014-10-01 2015-09-30 Device and method for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3200941A1 EP3200941A1 (en) 2017-08-09
EP3200941B1 true EP3200941B1 (en) 2020-02-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15775426.8A Active EP3200941B1 (en) 2014-10-01 2015-09-30 Device and method for opening a pouring channel of metallurgical vessels

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP3200941B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102014114301A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016050847A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018192619A1 (en) * 2017-04-20 2018-10-25 Ksm Castings Group Gmbh Gate valve system, casting plant, and casting process
CN113976873B (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-02-17 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 Ladle nozzle bottom pouring flow guiding sand device and process thereof
CN117961044B (en) * 2024-04-01 2024-07-09 华北理工大学 Ladle tapping hole plugging mechanism and tapping hole flow control method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2863189A (en) 1958-02-03 1958-12-09 Harold S Beck Ladle nozzle construction
US3651825A (en) 1969-10-24 1972-03-28 Francis P Sury Stopper plug valve for hot metal ladles
FR2427866A1 (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-04 Eurdic Nozzle plug for metallurgical vessels - prevents molten metal from entering nozzle hole until vessel is to be emptied
FR2533473A1 (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-03-30 Detalle Richard METHOD OF CONTROLLING AND OPENING THE CASTING HOLES OF CONTAINERS CONTAINING LIQUID METALS AND THE LIKE, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME
JPS59223156A (en) * 1983-06-03 1984-12-14 Nippon Steel Corp Initial hole opening method of vessel for molten metal
FR2627715B1 (en) 1988-02-26 1991-10-11 Vesuvius Sa CASTING NOZZLE FOR ASSISTED OPENING, DEVICE INCORPORATING THE SAME, AND IMPLEMENTATION METHOD
JPH0381054A (en) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-05 Nkk Corp Method for pouring molten metal in ladle
JPH05253666A (en) * 1992-01-10 1993-10-05 Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd Hole-opening method of slide gate
SE469969B (en) * 1992-03-11 1993-10-18 Inst Foer Produktions Och Arbe Method and apparatus for securing the opening of a valve to a poured metal spout
DE19620592A1 (en) * 1996-05-22 1997-11-27 Dislich Margrit Process for pouring out a molten steel
JPH10109157A (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-28 Kurosaki Refract Co Ltd Plugging structure into nozzle hole for adjusting flow rate and method for opening nozzle hole

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Publication number Publication date
WO2016050847A1 (en) 2016-04-07
DE102014114301A1 (en) 2016-04-07
EP3200941A1 (en) 2017-08-09

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