EP3198586A1 - Antenne omnidirectionnelle - Google Patents
Antenne omnidirectionnelleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3198586A1 EP3198586A1 EP15774892.2A EP15774892A EP3198586A1 EP 3198586 A1 EP3198586 A1 EP 3198586A1 EP 15774892 A EP15774892 A EP 15774892A EP 3198586 A1 EP3198586 A1 EP 3198586A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rings
- antenna
- ring
- group
- inter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
- G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
- G10K11/008—Arrays of transducers
Definitions
- the invention generally relates to antennas, and in particular omnidirectional antennas.
- Marine platforms are generally equipped with submerged sonar antennas to detect and / or locate objects underwater.
- a sonar antenna comprises a set of stacked transducers ensuring the emission of acoustic signals and mounted on a support. The reception of the signals is carried out by a set of receivers (for example hydrophones) arranged in a configuration chosen with respect to the configuration of the set of transmission transducers.
- the antenna has a generally cylindrical or spherical shape and comprises a set of superimposed elementary emission transducers (piezoelectric rings) along the axis of the antenna, each transducer having a ring shape as described in FIG. the application FR2 776 1 61.
- Such transducers may be of the "Tonpilz" type and provide both transmission and reception.
- the diameter of the rings is related to the desired transmission frequency, the lower the desired frequency, the larger the ring must be.
- Such antennas are therefore bulky and have a relatively large weight.
- the "Tonpilz" -type transducers need to equip the active element (piezoelectric, magneto- or electrostrictive material) with bulky mechanical parts (rear seismic mass, flag and sealing casing in particular).
- Such an antenna architecture is therefore unsuitable for the design of low frequency antennas for low-tonnage surface buildings (in particular with a mass of less than 1500 tons) or for submarines of small tonnage (especially with a mass of less than 6000).
- the omnidirectional sonar antenna comprises a vertical network of compact transducers of the "flex-tensor” type operating in a reduced frequency band in active mode (1800-2300 Hz). This type of antenna is dedicated to the broadcast only. This architecture is sufficiently compact and has a relatively low weight. However, this type of antenna does not provide the necessary bandwidth for modern wideband sonars.
- Another known omnidirectional sonar antenna architecture comprises a vertical array of active emission rings, in which the inside of the rings is isolated from the medium in which the antenna is immersed (according to a technology called "Air Backed Ring” or ABR in the Anglo-Saxon language).
- the omnidirectional sonar antenna comprises a vertical array of compact broadband emission transducers whose walls are in contact with a fluid in the liquid state (accord to a technology called "Free-flooded Rings" or FFR in Anglo-Saxon). The presence of liquid improves the acoustic performance of the antenna.
- the reception is provided by a set of omnidirectional hydrophones placed on a light structure transparent to the acoustic waves in the frequency band used.
- This type of architecture omnidirectional sonar antennas is particularly suitable for SONAR antennas towed from surface buildings and to some
- the object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing an omnidirectional antenna intended to equip a sonar, the antenna being centered around a longitudinal axis and comprising a set of emission rings stacked along the axis. longitudinal, each emission ring being formed around the longitudinal axis.
- the emission rings are assembled by group of rings, the antenna comprising at least two groups of rings and each group of rings comprising at least two rings.
- the inter-ring spacings between the rings of the same group and the inter-group spacings between two successive groups of rings are chosen so as to optimize the transmission bandwidth and the noise level.
- the inter-ring spacings between the rings of the same group may be a function of the cavity frequency of the group of rings while the inter-group spacings between two groups of successive rings are a function of the frequency of operational use of the emission rings.
- the rings may be of piezoelectric material.
- the sum of the inter-group spacing between two groups of rings (p), the inter-ring spacing (d) between two rings and the double height (h) d a ring may be substantially equal to the half wavelength of the operational operating frequency of the transmission rings (20).
- the inter-ring spacing between the rings of the same group can also be chosen as a function of the radial frequency of the group of rings. According to another characteristic, the inter-ring spacing between two rings of the same group can in particular be chosen so as to position the cavity frequency of the group of rings below the radial frequency of said ring.
- each ring may be coupled with the radial frequency of said ring.
- the emission rings can be immersed directly in a dielectric fluid.
- each emission ring may in particular be in contact with the dielectric fluid.
- the antenna may be housed in a sealed enclosure filled with the dielectric fluid.
- the enclosure may also be overpressurized or hydrostatically equilibrated with the external environment.
- the rings are powered by groups in parallel.
- the inter-ring spacing between two rings may vary within the same group.
- the inter-group spacing between two groups of the antenna may vary for all the groups of the antenna.
- the proposed embodiments thus make it possible to reduce the mass and the volume of the acoustic transmission antenna of SONAR, as well as its complexity of realization, while optimizing the noise level and the bandwidth of emission frequencies. which makes it possible to obtain optimal acoustic performances. Description of figures
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a marine platform on which can be fixed an omnidirectional antenna according to different embodiments;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an omnidirectional sonar antenna, according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of a reception base
- FIG. 4 represents an example of an elementary ring structure
- FIG. 5 represents another example of an elementary ring structure
- FIG. 6 represents yet another example of an elementary ring structure
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the omnidirectional sonar antenna, according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows a frequency response diagram obtained with omnidirectional antenna embodiments of the invention comprising a set of groups of stacked rings.
- Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of structure 1 on which can be mounted an omnidirectional antenna 100, according to some embodiments.
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 is intended to be immersed at least partially in water (for example in open water) to detect objects underwater by emission of sound waves. It can be mounted on any fixed or movable structure 1, for example under a floating or anchored marine platform or a surface building as illustrated in FIG.
- Figure 2 illustrates the arrangement of the various elements of the antenna according to some embodiments.
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 comprises an emission base 2 comprising a set of elementary transducers 200 stacked along an axis 10 (hereinafter referred to as the "longitudinal axis of the antenna"), the transducers being configured to emit sound waves.
- the antenna 100 may in particular be fixed on the bottom of the structure 1.
- the emission transducers 200 may cooperate with a reception base 3 comprising a set of omnidirectional receivers for receiving the signals.
- the transmission base (forming transmitting antenna) constituted by the elementary transducers 200 may be distinct from the reception base (forming receiving antenna).
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 may be a sonar antenna for equipping an active sonar.
- the transmit base receivers are hydrophones.
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 may have a generally cylindrical shape to be omnidirectional in the field.
- the directivity in site depends on its extension along its axis of revolution 10.
- the elementary transducers 200 comprise a set of emission rings 20, each ring being centered around an axis parallel to the axis 10 of the antenna 100
- the transmission rings 20 are superimposed along the longitudinal axis of the antenna.
- the emission rings may be substantially identical and centered around the longitudinal axis of the antenna 100.
- the diameter D of each ring 20 is adapted to the transmission frequency.
- the rings 20 are assembled in groups, each group constituting an elementary transducer 200 (in the rest of the description, the groups of rings will thus be designated by the reference 200).
- the groups of rings 200 are spaced apart from one another by a chosen pitch (the pitch will also be referred to hereinafter as "intergroup spacing") in the stacking direction, defined by the axis 10.
- each group 200 (elementary transmission transducer) comprises a chosen number of rings.
- the different groups of rings 200 comprise the same number of rings and are spaced from each other by the same distance (i.e. the intergroup spacing is the same between the different groups).
- the transmission base 2 comprises three pairs of rings spaced from one another, according to the same intergroup spacing chosen (denoted "p"), and each group of rings 200 includes a pair of rings.
- the groups of rings 200 are held in position by a holding structure.
- the antenna 100 can be connected via cables or connectors to electronic equipment arranged for example on the structure 1 and configured to provide the power supply for the antenna 100 and the data exchange with the antenna 100.
- each transmission ring 20 can be controlled separately by means of a power amplifier so as to produce a downward transmission lobe, for example by acoustic decoupling.
- each ring group 200 may be powered separately, using a parallel power supply.
- Such a configuration of the rings 20 optimizes the transmit bandwidth of the antenna and the noise level.
- the reception base 3 may be coaxially placed at the transmission base.
- tie rods 202 can be used to secure the rings of the same group to each other or the entire antenna, as shown in Figure 2.
- the tie rods 202 may be for example metal tie rods.
- inter-group clamping wedges 204 may be placed in the gaps separating two groups of successive rings.
- Clamps 204 may be part of the assembly and may for example be in the form of plastic wedges through which tie rods 202 pass.
- Tie rods 202 may comprise metal tie rods passing through plastic wedges which serve as wedges. . All elements of the transmission base 2 can be clamped between the parts 205 (crown) which allow the mechanical strength of the transmitting antenna independently of the entire surrounding structure.
- One of the rings 205 can interface with the support structure 1 shown in FIG.
- the rings are substantially identical in size and centered around the longitudinal axis of the antenna 10, they may be superimposed over each other so that the intergroup clamps 204 are in contact with each other. each other in the direction defined by the longitudinal axis 10.
- the antenna 100 may further comprise a profiled ring 205 of diameter at least equal to the diameter of the rings placed at each end of the stack to maintain the set of rings and facilitate the installation of the transmitting antenna 100.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of positioning of the reception base 3.
- the receivers 31 are hydrophones fixed on the mechanical holding structure 33 of the transmission base 2.
- the holding structure 33 may in particular be transparent to the acoustic waves in the frequency band used.
- the set of receivers 31 may be part of the mechanical structure for holding the transmitting antenna.
- the receivers 31 of the receiving antenna 3 may for example be hydrophones distributed around the transmitting antenna 100 and without physical link with the transmitting antenna 100.
- the receivers 31 forming the receiving antenna may be arranged substantially in column or staggered on the holding structure 33 surrounding the transmitting antenna, along the longitudinal axis 10.
- the hydrophones 31 may comprise a set of elementary hydrophones distributed around the transmission antenna 100 on supports 32 and without physical link with the transmission antenna 100.
- the elementary hydrophones are arranged in three coaxial rings schematically represented by the dotted curves 31 1, 312 and 313 and centered about the axis 10.
- the rings 31 1, 312 and 313 are spaced one of the other, along the axis 10, a chosen distance.
- the transmitting antenna 100 can be arranged inside the holding structure 33 and held by it.
- the emission rings 20 may be active rings of piezoelectric material (for example active rings of piezoelectric ceramic).
- Each ring 20 may for example comprise a set of segments placed inside a ring of insulating material (for example, fiberglass / resin wound directly on the ceramics) as shown in FIG. 4 or in the form of a fretted composite ring as shown in FIG. 5.
- Such segments 201 may be separated from each other by wedge-shaped metal pieces 202 removable towards the center of the ring by means of a device, which which allows to separate the segments from each other and to impose a mechanical prestressing in the ceramic ring.
- the segments can be pressed against a hooping crown (or glued together).
- each ring may be a ring prestressed by a shaper formed of a set of piezoelectric segments grouped to form substantially identical sectors.
- each ring can be made of a single piece of ceramic (monolithic form) as shown in FIG.
- the transmitting antenna and / or the internal cavity of the emission rings 20 may be immersed in a nonionic dielectric fluid 207, such as, for example, oil.
- the transmitting antenna 100 can be placed in a sealed enclosure 208 which can be overpressurized and which can contain the nonionic dielectric fluid 207.
- electrical insulation and / or sealing around the emission rings 20 (such as for example a coating, overmoulding around the rings or mechanical parts of electrical insulation and sealing rings).
- the electro-acoustic efficiency of each transmission ring 20 By eliminating all the losses induced by the presence of the materials usually used to perform the functions of sealing and electrical insulation, the electro-acoustic efficiency of each transmission ring 20, and therefore the ratio "sound level over space” and the ratio “sound level on mass” of the transmitting antenna 100, are optimized.
- the dielectric fluid 207 in which the emission rings 20 are immersed may furthermore have a function of thermal drainage of the heat generated by the active rings during transmission. Indeed, it behaves like a heat transfer fluid which cools the ceramic rings by natural convection in particular, which optimizes the sound level and the duration of use at full load.
- each ring 20 constitutes a vibrating ring in a surrounding fluid and therefore has at least two resonant frequencies acoustically coupled to the fluid:
- a radial mode obtained from alternations extension / compression of the material composing the ring, in which the deformation of the ring corresponds to such alternations of extension / radial compression around the rest position of the ring ;
- a cavity mode obtained by resonating the fluid contained within the volume defined by the ring and dependent, at first order, the height of the ring.
- the cavity mode can be activated by feeding each group of rings in parallel.
- each emission ring 20 is made of piezoelectric material
- the energy required for the radial resonance can be provided by the alternating electric excitation injected onto the ceramic.
- the energy used to resonate the cavity mode can also be induced by the radial mode of the ring.
- the cavity mode and the radial mode are coupled to obtain a large operating frequency band so that each ring 20 can operate in broadband.
- the cavity frequency is chosen lower than the radial frequency, which allows optimal operation.
- Fig. 7 is a diagram showing in more detail the arrangement of the transmission rings 20. As shown in Fig. 7, the groups of rings 200 are spaced from each other by a distance p constituting the "intergroup spacing"". Figure 7 shows more precisely 4 groups of rings 200, each group comprising 2 rings. According to another characteristic of the invention, the inter-group spacing p between the different groups 200 of rings is chosen so as to optimize the operation of the antenna.
- the inter-ring spacing, denoted "d”, between the rings of the same group (for example pair) is chosen so as to control the cavity frequency of the group of rings 200.
- the inter-ring spacing, denoted "d" between the rings of one and the same group (for example pair) is chosen as a function of the cavity frequency of the group of rings 200 and / or the radial frequency of the group d 'ring.
- the cavity frequency and the radial frequency of the ring group 200 are substantially identical to those obtained for a single ring.
- the cavity frequency of the torque may be twice as low as that of the ring alone.
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 may in particular be configured so that, whatever the inter-ring spacing d, the radial frequency of the elementary rings remains unchanged.
- the optimization of the inter-ring spacing d for a given antenna thus makes it possible to vary the cavity frequency of the antenna and to optimize it for a given operation.
- the inter-ring distance between the elementary rings thus makes it possible to position at best the cavity frequency of the antenna with respect to the needs of the antenna 100.
- the inter-group spacing p between two groups of the antenna can advantageously be chosen so as to optimize the acoustic efficiency of the transmission base 2.
- the inter-group spacing p can be chosen as a function of the frequency of operational use of the base of emission.
- the inter-group spacing p can be chosen to be equal to the half-wavelength of the operational utilization frequency of the transmission base 2.
- the inter-group spacing p can thus be optimized. either from an acoustic point of view (bandwidth and sensitivity to emission) or from a more general point of view, including the transmission chain, in order to have the maximum active power in the antenna on the larger frequency band possible.
- Groups of rings separated from the intergroup distance d may be supplied with an appropriate phase shift to obtain an antenna mode for transmitting with a misalignment of the main lobe along the axis of revolution of the antenna.
- the antenna 100 is immersed in a fluid and comprises a fluid in the internal cavity of each emission ring 20
- the presence of fluid makes it possible to use the rings in FFR mode ("Free-flooded” technology Rings "in Anglo-Saxon language) and thus to obtain a wide-band operation.
- FFR mode Free-flooded technology Rings "in Anglo-Saxon language
- the dielectric fluid in which the transmission antenna 100 is immersed and / or which is in contact with the internal cavity of each ring (in the FFR mode) may have acoustic characteristics (in particular, density, speed of sound, acoustic impedance ) similar to water, such as a specific mineral oil.
- the dielectric fluid may also have optimized thermal characteristics vis-à-vis the natural convection cooling of the active rings.
- the enclosure 208 is an acoustically transparent enclosure, such as fiber composite material, resin (glass, carbon ,. ..), or rubber or polyurethane elastomer.
- Such a chamber 208 may especially be overpressurized to push the cavitation limits of the transmitting antenna 100.
- the enclosure 208 may be further configured to be in hydrostatic equilibrium with the external environment, which may be of particular interest for onboard vehicle applications with variable immersion (such as a submarine, a towed body, a drone , etc.
- the enclosure 208 may be partially coated with acoustic material (for example anechoic or by masking) in order to optimize the radiation pattern of the transmitting antenna and / or the signal response of the antenna and / or the noise of the associated reception base (3).
- acoustic material for example anechoic or by masking
- the omnidirectional antenna 100 has an optimized compactness compared to conventional solutions. Indeed, the different embodiments make it possible to address the lower part of the frequency band by a fluid mode that has a limited dependence on the physical structure of the antenna (for a given physical dimension, the band of frequencies is broadened to lower frequencies).
- the different embodiments of the invention thus facilitate the installation of the acoustic antenna on a marine platform such as a surface building, in particular of low tonnage and reduced draft, or on a submarine, for which the volume available in superstructures is very constrained.
- the omnidirectional antenna according to the different embodiments can also be used in any type of sonar application, such as for example in airborne sonar applications or fixed or mobile devices for maritime surveillance.
- Figure 8 shows the frequency response diagram obtained with different embodiments of omnidirectional antenna.
- the horizontal axis corresponds to the frequency axis (in Hz) and the vertical axis corresponds to the sensitivity to emission (voltage sensitivity Sv in dB ⁇ PaN).
- the curves are characterized by two maximums respectively corresponding to the cavity mode and the radial mode:
- the curve C1 corresponds to the frequency response obtained with a conventional antenna type "Free Flooded".
- the first maximum is observed at the frequency F c corresponding to a cavity mode operation and the resonance wavelength of the cavity A c
- the second maximum is observed at the frequency F r corresponds to the radial mode operation and at the wavelength A r .
- the curve C2 corresponds to the frequency response obtained with an embodiment of omnidirectional antenna according to the prior art comprising a pair of glued rings: the maximums are reached for a frequency y and F r .
- FIG. 9 represents the frequency response obtained with an exemplary omnidirectional antenna embodiment according to the invention comprising a set of groups of stacked rings 200, the rings of the same group of rings.
- Curve C4 corresponds to L - at a frequency F c ';
- Curve C5 corresponds to L at a frequency F r ;
- FIG. 9 thus shows that the frequency band obtained with certain embodiments of the invention is wider than for a conventional antenna and has a noise level equalized over the entire frequency band.
- the inventors have established that such a result is linked to the choice of inter-group distances p and inter-rings d.
- the distances p and d can be chosen so as to optimize the sound level as needed.
- the various embodiments make it possible to optimize the sound level and the bandwidth of the transmission frequencies.
- the acoustic performance of the transmitting antenna is advantageously optimized so as to cover all environmental and propagation conditions, whether in deep-sea conditions or in shallow waters, which are potentially highly reverberant.
- the proposed embodiments have particular advantages in the field of low and medium frequency SONAR systems for the detection / classification of submarines.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of non-limiting example. It encompasses all the embodiments that may be envisaged by those skilled in the art.
- the invention is not limited to a particular arrangement of the receivers 31 forming the receiving antenna 3, nor to a particular architecture for producing the transmission rings 20.
- the invention is also not limited at a spacing d between rings of the same group (inter-ring spacing) constant within the same group.
- the inter-ring spacing d can be variable within the same group in order to better adapt the cavity modes of each group to its position in the antenna.
- the invention is not limited either to a constant inter-group spacing p between two successive groups.
- a variable inter-group spacing may be chosen for example depending on the required performance, the position of the group relative to the axis of the antenna, etc.
- the invention is not limited to rings 20 of identical dimensions within the same group 20.
- the rings 20 of the same group 200 may have a different height.
- the configuration of the different groups 200 may differ from one group to another.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1402168A FR3026569B1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle |
| PCT/EP2015/072131 WO2016046377A1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-25 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3198586A1 true EP3198586A1 (fr) | 2017-08-02 |
| EP3198586B1 EP3198586B1 (fr) | 2024-05-01 |
| EP3198586C0 EP3198586C0 (fr) | 2024-05-01 |
Family
ID=52473947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15774892.2A Active EP3198586B1 (fr) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-25 | Antenne omnidirectionnelle |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10789928B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3198586B1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112017006067A2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2962492C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3026569B1 (fr) |
| SG (2) | SG11201702420YA (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2016046377A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3042134B1 (fr) * | 2015-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Ixblue | Dispositif d'emission/reception acoustique sous-marine a large bande |
| FR3087542B1 (fr) | 2018-10-22 | 2021-01-15 | Thales Sa | Antenne d'emission acoustique |
| US12560714B2 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2026-02-24 | Hydronalix, Inc. | Unmanned aerial vehicle with underwater sonar scanning capability |
| CN113224514B (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | 一种海面拖曳天线及参数确认装置 |
| FR3162647A1 (fr) * | 2024-05-29 | 2025-12-05 | Pytheas Technology | Dispositif émetteur-récepteur acoustique sous-marin. |
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| US9534492B2 (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-01-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Pressure compensated capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer for downhole applications |
-
2014
- 2014-09-26 FR FR1402168A patent/FR3026569B1/fr active Active
-
2015
- 2015-09-25 US US15/514,373 patent/US10789928B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-25 SG SG11201702420YA patent/SG11201702420YA/en unknown
- 2015-09-25 WO PCT/EP2015/072131 patent/WO2016046377A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2015-09-25 EP EP15774892.2A patent/EP3198586B1/fr active Active
- 2015-09-25 BR BR112017006067A patent/BR112017006067A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-09-25 SG SG10201902442YA patent/SG10201902442YA/en unknown
- 2015-09-25 CA CA2962492A patent/CA2962492C/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2016046377A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10789928B2 (en) | 2020-09-29 |
| WO2016046377A1 (fr) | 2016-03-31 |
| SG10201902442YA (en) | 2019-04-29 |
| FR3026569A1 (fr) | 2016-04-01 |
| CA2962492A1 (fr) | 2016-03-31 |
| SG11201702420YA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
| US20170301332A1 (en) | 2017-10-19 |
| EP3198586B1 (fr) | 2024-05-01 |
| CA2962492C (fr) | 2023-08-22 |
| BR112017006067A2 (pt) | 2018-01-30 |
| EP3198586C0 (fr) | 2024-05-01 |
| FR3026569B1 (fr) | 2017-12-08 |
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