EP3196402A1 - Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre - Google Patents

Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3196402A1
EP3196402A1 EP16152418.6A EP16152418A EP3196402A1 EP 3196402 A1 EP3196402 A1 EP 3196402A1 EP 16152418 A EP16152418 A EP 16152418A EP 3196402 A1 EP3196402 A1 EP 3196402A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsules
wellbore
generating material
plug
plug generating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16152418.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jules Marcus Marie SCHOENMAKERS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to EP16152418.6A priority Critical patent/EP3196402A1/fr
Publication of EP3196402A1 publication Critical patent/EP3196402A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B27/00—Containers for collecting or depositing substances in boreholes or wells, e.g. bailers, baskets or buckets for collecting mud or sand; Drill bits with means for collecting substances, e.g. valve drill bits
    • E21B27/02—Dump bailers, i.e. containers for depositing substances, e.g. cement or acids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/02—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground by explosives or by thermal or chemical means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/1204—Packers; Plugs permanent; drillable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for plugging wellbores in the earth created for the extraction of natural resources such as oil and/or gas, water, and/or heat.
  • Temporary or permanent Well Plugging and Abandonment is also referred to as well decommissioning or well de-construction.
  • a plug can also referred to as a barrier, a permanent barrier or a permanent isolation.
  • P&A plugs may be set for permanent as well as for temporary abandonment of oil and/or gas production wells, the difference being the intent to re-enter the wellbore or not.
  • the to-be-abandoned wellbore can be vertical or inclined, and include metal components (tubulars), fluids (liquids, gas), as well as solids (rock particles, cement, solids suspended or sagged from fluids).
  • P&A a common practice for P&A is to lower a hollow cement injection conduit into the well bore and pump a cement slurry into the wellbore to form a sealing plug after hardening.
  • a number of such plugs are placed in combination with full or partial retrieval of installed components such as production tubing, casings and/or liners.
  • Pyrotechnic pipe cutting techniques are known from US patent application US2002/0170713 which discloses cutting a well sidetracking window using a pyrotechnic milling device with thermite material, which is identified as a mixture of metal oxide(s), often ferric oxide and aluminum powders, and a reducing agent, and US patent 4,298,063 disclosing a conduit severing method using a pyrotechnic composition that may contain nickel and aluminium known from US patent 3,503,814 .
  • Known pyrotechnic Well Plugging and Abandonment (P&A) methods and systems are disclosed in International patent applications WO2013/135583 and WO2014/108431 .
  • a canister containing pyrotechnic thermite granules is lowered on a wire into the well, after which the granules are ignited to melt the canister and surrounding soil and any well casing, liner or tubing sections to form a lava type seal after cooling.
  • the length and radial extent of the lava type seal is limited by the length and diameter of the canister and it is not possible or at least dangerous to insert other canisters into the wellbore before the lava type seal has been created and cooled.
  • At least some of the capsules comprise pyrotechnic material that is ignited, thereby melting metallic well components and optionally also surrounding soil to a fluidic lava type mixture, which generates after cooling a lava type seal of a desired length along the wellpath.
  • At least some of the capsules may comprise materials that are molten or sintered together by the combustion of pyrotechnic material.
  • the capsules may comprise a first plug generating material that reacts with a second plug generating material in at least some other capsules, wherein the first plug generating material may react exothermally with the second plug generating material and the first plug generating material comprises a swellable thermo-hardening and/or elastomeric composition and the second plug generating material comprises a hardening, vulcanizing and/or swelling agent.
  • Figure 1 shows an abandoned wellbore, which is plugged using the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a to-be-abandoned well 1, which is plugged along a desired length by dropping capsules 2 containing solids and/or fluids and/or gas, and/or exothermally reactive material 3, such as thermite, potassium and/or lithium, into the wellbore 4, of which an upper part 4A is filled with water and/or another liquid and of which a bottom part 4B may be filled with a cement barrier 5.
  • the wellbore 4 may contain a casing or liner string 6 and other well tubulars, such as a production tubing (not shown) and other well equipment, such as sandscreens, packers, inflow control valves and other devices.
  • the size of the capsules 2 will be adjusted such that the capsules can bypass any obstructions in the upper part of the wellbore and reach the area 4C where the plug is to be created
  • the capsules 2 have a cylindrical or ball shape form (also referred to as "Shape") to deploy sealing material into a well.
  • the Shapes or capsules 2 may be hollow in which material ('fill') can be deployed into the wellbore.
  • the capsules 2 can be a ball-shaped to allow it to roll down the tubular in an inclined part of the wellbore 4A. Where the inclination of a wellbore 4 allows, cylindrical Shapes or capsules 2 can be deployed.
  • the capsules 2 and their fill together have a higher density than the surrounding water or other fluid, such as mud, in all parts of the wellbore 4A to ensure the capsules 2 will drop in the wellbore as a result of gravity force.
  • the use of ball shaped capsules 2 will allow the capsules 2 to roll down an inclined borehole with minimum resistant and risk of stopping. To effect the installation of a P&A barrier downhole, a large number of capsules 2 will be deposited in the well.
  • Bars and balls are currently used in borehole construction to activate tools, e.g. activate perforating guns, setting packers, hangers, cycle sleeves open/close, etc. These bars and balls are not used to deploy material into the hole.
  • the shell of the capsules 2 can consist of metal, a corroded or painted top layer, artificial materials, polymers, fibers, re-inforcements and be matched to the material to be deployed and the downhole environment.
  • the capsules 2 will sustain wear and impact during its travel to the downhole position above the cement or other existing barrier 5. Following arrival at the downhole position, the capsule 2 shell will be removed, broken, or disintegrated as a result of an activation methodology, which can include:
  • the fill-material 3 can comprise solids and/or fluids and/or gas, and/or pyrotechnic materials. Different capsules may contain different fill-materials in order to control plug generation processes downhole and plug properties.
  • fill-material 3 As a special case of fill-material 3, it can be reactive and cause, after initiation, an exothermic reaction that will generate sufficient temperature to melt the capsules 2 or Shapes placed, or metal and other components in and around the wellbore, like tubulars, cements, etc.
  • An example of such fill is pyrotechnic thermite material known from US patent application US2002/0170713 , which discloses the use of a mixture of metal oxide(s), often ferric oxide and aluminum powders, and a reducing agent to cut a sidetracking window in a well casing.
  • US patent 4,298,063 discloses a pyrotechnic conduit severing method using a pyrotechnic composition that may contain nickel and aluminium known from US patent 3,503,814 .
  • the required amount of exothermic material will vary with the wellbore situation and objectives.
  • the ignition if applied, may be timed to allow a sequence of Shapes or capsules 2 to be fed into position. Ignition systems can be present in every Shape or capsule 2 or in a number of discrete Shapes or capsules 2 that cause ignition of adjacent Shapes or capsules 2.
  • the Shapes or capsules 2 may also be filled with plugging material, such as grouts, clay particles, to be sequenced between the exothermic material Shapes of capsules 2, to fit the required heat profile, or provide heat isolation to certain parts in the well 1.
  • plugging material such as grouts, clay particles
  • a foundation for the Shapes or capsules 2 is provided by an obstruction in the wellbore, such as a cement plug 5 at bottom of the hole, a fill, a mechanical plug, a sand bridge or previously molten and solidified material 7.
  • the diameter of the Shapes or capsules 2 is chosen to pass any restriction in the wellbore.
  • the use of different size Shapes or capsules 2 will allow variations in packing density in the downhole space available.
  • a sequence of Shapes or capsules 2 will be inserted into the well 1 at predetermined time intervals by means of a surface capsule storage and release assembly 8 at the wellhead 9.
  • the time interval between releasing two Shapes or capsules 2 will be chosen to allow singular travel of Shapes or capsules 2 and prevent accumulations and possibly development of an obstruction in the upper part 4A of the wellbore 4.
  • the capsule release assembly 8 comprises a rotating helical spring 10 of which the speed of rotation, illustrated by arrow 11, is adjusted to generate a desired time interval of at least 5 seconds, or optionally at least 10, 20, 30 or 60 seconds, depending on the amount of obstructions in and the inclination of the upper part 4A of the wellbore 4.
  • a surface capsule storage and release assembly 8 with sealing gates can be used that is attached to the well's surface equipment, like the wellhead 9, christmas tree assembly, Blow-Out Preventer (BOP), adapter flange.
  • BOP Blow-Out Preventer
  • a wireline lubricator system may also be used.
  • a reciprocating or rotating gate assembly with one or multiple feed-lines of Shapes or capsules 2 can also be used.
  • the wellhead 9 may comprise a check valve or other fluid release assembly, which allows displaced wellbore fluid in the upper part 4A of the wellbore 4 to be released. For verification purposes the time of release, serial number and weight of each Shape or capsule 2 can be recorded at the surface capsule storage and release assembly 8. The drop speed of the capsules 2 can be accelerated by pumping a fluid into the well.
  • the amount of inserted capsules 2 may be selected by estimating how many balls fit into a cylindrical space. This depends on the packing. Random packing of same size balls generally is about 65 vol%, which could be improved by shaking or mixture of various ball diameters. Applying the 65% rule to a situation of about 5 cm ( about 2", or two Inches) diameter ball-shaped capsules 2, indicates that about 10 balls/liter will be required. For a casing 6 with an inner diameter of about 17.5 cm (7" or seven inches) this equates to 200 ball shaped capsules 2 per meter, so that about 2,000 ball shaped capsules 2 are required to fill a well interval of about 10 m. Assuming a 1 minute interval for launching, this requires 1.4 days continuous capsule release activity of the capsule storage and release assembly 8.
  • each capsule 2 through the upper part 4A of the wellbore will depend on the weight of each capsule 2 and its content 3, fluid density buoyancy of the fluid in the upper part 4A of the wellbore 4, capsule diameter relative to the Inner Diameter (ID) of the casing 6 or other well tubular, well fluid viscosity and well inclination.
  • ID Inner Diameter
  • a descent time of about 1 hour may be assumed, which can be verified in advance by dropping instrumented balls and/or bars of similar size and weight as the capsule 2 into the well 1 and monitor their speed of descent and arrival time at the downhole barrier 5 using wireless acoustic fluid pulse or other signal transmission techniques.
  • P&A Plugging and Abandonment

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
EP16152418.6A 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre Withdrawn EP3196402A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16152418.6A EP3196402A1 (fr) 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16152418.6A EP3196402A1 (fr) 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3196402A1 true EP3196402A1 (fr) 2017-07-26

Family

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EP16152418.6A Withdrawn EP3196402A1 (fr) 2016-01-22 2016-01-22 Colmatage de trous de forage à abandonner dans la terre

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019118724A1 (fr) 2017-12-14 2019-06-20 Conocophillips Company Réglage p&a avec matériau exothermique
WO2020123918A1 (fr) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-18 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Bouchons en alliage pour puits abandonnés
WO2021066642A1 (fr) 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 Filoform B.V. Procédé de bouchage de puits de forage dans la terre
US11332991B2 (en) * 2019-07-17 2022-05-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Targeted downhole delivery with container
US20220178222A1 (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-06-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Expanding metal for plug and abandonment
NL2029304A (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-07-07 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Expanding metal for plug and abandonment
NO20210354A1 (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-20 Interwell P&A As Sedimented thermite in well
CN115627786A (zh) * 2022-12-07 2023-01-20 中国冶金地质总局第三地质勘查院 一种废弃取水井封堵方法
WO2023239386A1 (fr) * 2022-06-08 2023-12-14 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc Bouchon et abandon présentant un joint d'alliage fusible créé à l'aide d'une réaction de magnésium
US11867049B1 (en) 2022-07-19 2024-01-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Downhole logging tool
US11879328B2 (en) 2021-08-05 2024-01-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Semi-permanent downhole sensor tool
US11913329B1 (en) 2022-09-21 2024-02-27 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Untethered logging devices and related methods of logging a wellbore
US12129736B2 (en) 2021-03-19 2024-10-29 Interwell P&A As Method for providing a permanent barrier in a well

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3503814A (en) 1968-05-03 1970-03-31 Us Navy Pyrotechnic composition containing nickel and aluminum
US4298063A (en) 1980-02-21 1981-11-03 Jet Research Center, Inc. Methods and apparatus for severing conduits
US5810085A (en) * 1995-05-03 1998-09-22 James; Melvyn C. Drill hole plugging method utilizing sodium bentonite nodules
US20020170713A1 (en) 2000-09-11 2002-11-21 Haugen David M. System for forming a window and drilling a sidetrack wellbore
US20060144591A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method and apparatus for repair of wells utilizing meltable repair materials and exothermic reactants as heating agents
US7409990B1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2008-08-12 Burts Jr Boyce D Downhole mixing of encapsulated plug components for abandoning a well
US20110088901A1 (en) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Larry Watters Method for Plugging Wells
WO2013135583A2 (fr) 2012-03-12 2013-09-19 Interwell Technology As Procédé d'opération dans un puits
WO2014108431A2 (fr) 2013-01-08 2014-07-17 Statoil Petroleum As Procédé pour boucher un puits à hydrocarbures

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3503814A (en) 1968-05-03 1970-03-31 Us Navy Pyrotechnic composition containing nickel and aluminum
US4298063A (en) 1980-02-21 1981-11-03 Jet Research Center, Inc. Methods and apparatus for severing conduits
US5810085A (en) * 1995-05-03 1998-09-22 James; Melvyn C. Drill hole plugging method utilizing sodium bentonite nodules
US20020170713A1 (en) 2000-09-11 2002-11-21 Haugen David M. System for forming a window and drilling a sidetrack wellbore
US7409990B1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2008-08-12 Burts Jr Boyce D Downhole mixing of encapsulated plug components for abandoning a well
US20060144591A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-06 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method and apparatus for repair of wells utilizing meltable repair materials and exothermic reactants as heating agents
US20110088901A1 (en) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Larry Watters Method for Plugging Wells
WO2013135583A2 (fr) 2012-03-12 2013-09-19 Interwell Technology As Procédé d'opération dans un puits
WO2014108431A2 (fr) 2013-01-08 2014-07-17 Statoil Petroleum As Procédé pour boucher un puits à hydrocarbures

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3724445A4 (fr) * 2017-12-14 2020-12-16 Conocophillips Company Réglage p&a avec matériau exothermique
US11753898B2 (en) 2017-12-14 2023-09-12 Conocophillips Company PandA setting with exothermic material
WO2019118724A1 (fr) 2017-12-14 2019-06-20 Conocophillips Company Réglage p&a avec matériau exothermique
WO2020123918A1 (fr) * 2018-12-13 2020-06-18 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Bouchons en alliage pour puits abandonnés
US11332991B2 (en) * 2019-07-17 2022-05-17 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Targeted downhole delivery with container
WO2021066642A1 (fr) 2019-10-02 2021-04-08 Filoform B.V. Procédé de bouchage de puits de forage dans la terre
NL2023940B1 (en) 2019-10-02 2021-05-31 Filoform Bv Method for plugging wellbores in the earth
GB2612530A (en) * 2020-12-08 2023-05-03 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Expanding metal for plug and abandonment
US20220178222A1 (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-06-09 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Expanding metal for plug and abandonment
WO2022125067A1 (fr) * 2020-12-08 2022-06-16 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Métal dilatable pour bouchon d'obturation et d'abandon
NL2029304A (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-07-07 Halliburton Energy Services Inc Expanding metal for plug and abandonment
WO2022194655A1 (fr) 2021-03-19 2022-09-22 Interwell P&A As Procédé de formation d'une barrière permanente dans un puits
NO20210354A1 (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-09-20 Interwell P&A As Sedimented thermite in well
NO347929B1 (en) * 2021-03-19 2024-05-13 Interwell P&A As Sedimented thermite in well
US12129736B2 (en) 2021-03-19 2024-10-29 Interwell P&A As Method for providing a permanent barrier in a well
US11879328B2 (en) 2021-08-05 2024-01-23 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Semi-permanent downhole sensor tool
WO2023239386A1 (fr) * 2022-06-08 2023-12-14 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc Bouchon et abandon présentant un joint d'alliage fusible créé à l'aide d'une réaction de magnésium
US11867049B1 (en) 2022-07-19 2024-01-09 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Downhole logging tool
US11913329B1 (en) 2022-09-21 2024-02-27 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Untethered logging devices and related methods of logging a wellbore
CN115627786A (zh) * 2022-12-07 2023-01-20 中国冶金地质总局第三地质勘查院 一种废弃取水井封堵方法

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