EP3195340A1 - An oil insulated rotational drive - Google Patents
An oil insulated rotational driveInfo
- Publication number
- EP3195340A1 EP3195340A1 EP15760507.2A EP15760507A EP3195340A1 EP 3195340 A1 EP3195340 A1 EP 3195340A1 EP 15760507 A EP15760507 A EP 15760507A EP 3195340 A1 EP3195340 A1 EP 3195340A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drive
- rotational drive
- oil
- rotational
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
- H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
- H01H33/565—Gas-tight sealings for moving parts penetrating into the reservoir
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
- H01H2033/426—Details concerning the connection of the isolating driving rod to a metallic part
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oil insulated rotational drive. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to an oil filled rotational drive comprising an oil filled cavity having an insulating drive body therein and first and second rotational drive arms connected to the insulating drive body and extending through apertures in the end walls of the cavity.
- a typical vacuum interrupter comprises two contact disks incorporating current carrying stems which are forced together by a spring mechanism.
- One of the stems is connected to an interrupter drive arm which typically is in contact with the high voltage circuit.
- the interrupter drive arm As one moves the interrupter drive arm the interrupter contact disks are driven rapidly apart so minimising the amount of time arcing can occur.
- a drive mechanism is required to displace the interrupter drive arm.
- the drive mechanism must be at earth potential so that an operator can use it without being exposed to high voltages.
- the high voltage end of the drive mechanism is insulated from the earth end of the drive mechanism by air insulation.
- the drive mechanism must therefore be large to avoid electrical breakdown. It must also be very rigid. Such mechanisms tend to be heavy and therefore require large operating forces to meet the opening and closing speed requirements.
- the present invention seeks to overcome the problems of the prior art.
- the present invention provides an oil insulated rotational drive comprising an oil filled cavity defined by an electrically insulating cavity wall, the cavity wail comprising first and second spaced apart end faces and a side wall extending therebetween, each end face having an aperture extending therethrough; a first rotational drive arm extending through the aperture in the first end face; a second rotational drive arm extending through the aperture in the second end face; the two arms being co-axial and arranged to rotate about a rotational axis extending along the length of the rotational drive arms; the two rotational drive arms being connected to an electrically insulating drive body arranged within the cavity and adapted to rotate about the rotational axis.
- rotational drives can be much smaller than traditional drive mechanisms so allowing the size of the overall apparatus to be considerably reduced.
- the rotational drive is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and highly reliable.
- the drive body can be an epoxy or polyester glass.
- the drive body can be a polymer or composite material such as Kevlar.
- the ratio of the dielectric constant of the drive body to the dielectric constant of the oil is in the range 1 to 1.5, preferably 1 to 1.2, more preferably 1 to 1.1
- the drive body can be a cone.
- the drive body can be a disk.
- the drive body can be a shaft.
- the disk has a plane of symmetry normal to the rotational axis, the diameter of the disk increasing from the drive shafts to the plane of symmetry.
- the surface of the drive body comprises a plurality of ridges and troughs.
- the ends of the drive arms are embedded in the drive body, the ends of the rotational drive arms being domed.
- At least a portion of the outside of the cavity can be coated with a conductive layer.
- At least a portion of at least one of the inside and outside of the cavity can coated with a semiconductor layer.
- the oil insulated rotational drive further comprises an interrupter drive arm connected thereto, the interrupter drive arm being connected to one of the rotational drive arms by a connector, the connector being adapted to convert rotational motion of the rotational drive arm to linear motion of the interrupter drive arm.
- the interrupter drive arm is enclosed in a gas filled circuit breaker enclosure, preferably air or inert gas.
- the cavity integrally extends from the circuit breaker enclosure, one of cavity end faces being a portion of the wall of the circuit breaker enclosure.
- a disconnector or switch is connected to one of the rotational drive arms of the oil filled rotational drive.
- the oil filled rotational drive further comprises an electrical interrupter connected to the interrupter drive arm.
- Figure 1 shows in schematic form, an oil insulated rotational drive according to the invention with associated interrupter drive arm and interrupter;
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an oil insulated rotational drive according to the invention
- Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of an oil insulated rotational drive according to the invention
- Figure 4 shows the oil insulated rotational drive of figure 2 along with a circuit breaker cavity and interrupter drive in end view
- Figure 5 is a pressure equalisation device for use with the oil insulated rotational drive according to the invention.
- Figure 6 shows an oil insulated rotational drive according to the invention along with interrupter drive arm and interrupter in plan view.
- FIG. 1 Shown in figure 1 , in schematic form, is an oil insulated rotational drive 1 according to the invention along with associated interrupter drive arm 2 and interrupter 3.
- the interrupter 3 comprises a hollow cylinder 4 having an aperture 5 at one end and collapsible bellows 6 at the other. There is a hard vacuum within the cylinder 4. Extending through the first aperture 5 is a first stem 7 having a contact disk 8 at its end. Extending through the bellows 6 is a second stem 9 having a contact disk 10 at its end.
- the interrupter 3 is shown in the closed configuration with the two contact disks 8,10 abutting together.
- the interrupter drive arm 2 is typically enclosed in a circuit breaker enclosure 11.
- the circuit breaker enclosure 1 1 is made from an insulating material, preferably a polyester composite or epoxy resin.
- the circuit breaker enclosure 1 is filled with air or an inert gas.
- Integrally extending from the wall 12 of the circuit breaker enclosure 11 is the oil insulated rotational drive 1.
- the oil insulated rotational drive 1 comprises a cavity 13 comprising first and second end faces 14,15 and a side wall 16 extending therebetween.
- the first and second end faces and side wall are an insulating material, preferably a polyester composite or epoxy resin.
- One of the end faces 14 is a portion of the wall 12 of the circuit breaker enclosure 11.
- the cavity 13 is filled with oil.
- a first rotational drive arm 17 extends through an aperture 18 in one end face 15.
- a second rotational drive arm 19 extends through an aperture 20 in the other end face 14 and connects to the interrupter drive arm 2 by a connector 21 which converts rotational motion of the second rotational drive arm 19 into linear motion of the interrupter drive arm 2.
- the two rotational drive arms 17,19 are coaxial and adapted to rotate about a common rotational axis 22.
- an insulating drive body 23 also adapted to rotate about the rotational axis 22.
- the first and second rotational drive arms 17,19 are connected to the drive body 23.
- the stems 7,9 and interrupter drive arm 2 are at high voltage.
- Current flows from point A through the interrupter 3, along the interrupter drive arm 2 to point B.
- an operator rotates the first rotational drive arm 17.
- the drive body 23 transmits this rotational motion to the second drive arm 19 which is in turn converted to linear motion of the interrupter drive arm 2.
- the motion of the second stem 9 in the interrupter 3 is highly non-linear with the second stem 9 not moving at ail until the displacement of the interrupter drive arm 2 has reached a critical level and then moving very rapidly to reduce the arcing time.
- the connector 21 typically includes a spring (not shown) to maintain contact pressure and help accelerate the moving contact when the mechanism is operated.
- Stem 9 is connected to a flexible connector or transfer contact for the current to pass through on its way through the equipment.
- One rotational drive arm 19 is at high voltage.
- the other 17 is at earth. The full potential drop therefore appears across the rotational drive 1.
- FIG 2 Shown in figure 2 is an embodiment of an oil insulated rotational drive 1 according to the invention.
- the rotational drive 1 comprises an oil filled cavity 13.
- the cavity 13 comprises first and second end faces 14,15 and a side wall 16 extending therebetween.
- the first end face 14 is an integral part of a circuit breaker enclosure 1.
- the side walls 16 of the cavity 13 extending between the first and second end faces 14,15 also integrally extend from the circuit breaker enclosure 11.
- the second end face 15 is a separate plate which is bolted to the side walls 16.
- a seal 24 makes the joint between end face 15 and side walls 6 oil tight.
- the cavity 13 is filled with oil. Any insulating oil could be employed however a low flammability oil such as a natural or synthetic ester or silicone oil is to be preferred.
- the oil typically has a permittivity in the range 3 to 3.5.
- a drive body 23 is typically an epoxy or polyester glass, typically having a permittivity in the range 3.5 to 4.
- the drive body 23 takes up the majority of the space in the cavity 13 reducing the amount of oil required.
- the drive body 23 is a disk.
- Connected to the drive body 23 and extending through apertures 18,20 in the end faces 14,15 are first and second rotational drive arms 17,19. Seals 25 between the cavity 13 and the rotational drive arms 17,19 make the cavity 13 oil tight.
- the disk 23 has a plane of symmetry 26 normal to the rotational axis 22.
- the diameter of the disk 23 increases from the rotational drive arms 17,19 towards the plane of symmetry 26.
- the full potential drop appears across the two rotational drive arms 17,19.
- One way in which the rotational drive 1 may fail is by an electrical discharge between the two rotational drive arms 17,19 which travels along the outer face of the rotational body 23.
- the dielectric permittivity of the drive body 23 and the oil are chosen to match as closely as possible.
- the ratio of the dielectric constant of the drive body 23 to the dielectric constant of the oil is in the range 1 to 1.5, preferably 1 to 1.2, more preferably 1 to 1.1
- the irregular shape of the cavity 13 may also cause the field lines to cluster at points within the cavity 13. Again, these may cause electrical breakdown within the cavity 13.
- at least a portion of the outside of the cavity 13 can be coated with an electrically conducting layer to alter the pattern of field lines within the cavity 13.
- at least a portion of the inside of the cavity 13 can be coated with a semiconducting layer to achieve the same result.
- the rotational drive arms 17,19 are embedded in the drive body 23 and the ends of the drive arms 17, 19 are rounded as shown to reduce the concentration of field lines.
- the ends of the rotational drive arms 17,19 are shaped to enhance adhesion between the arms 17,19 and the drive body 23 and to transmit the load evenly into the drive body 23.
- FIG 3 Shown in figure 3 is an alternative embodiment of an oil insulated rotational drive 1 according to the invention.
- This embodiment is similar to that of figure 2 except in this embodiment the drive body 23 is conical and the cavity 13 is shaped to match.
- the outer surface of the drive body 23 comprises a plurality of peaks 27a and troughs 27b to increase the length of the discharge path.
- a further potential cause of electrical breakdown in the cavity 13 of the rotational drive 1 is air gaps or bubbles at the top of the cavity 13.
- the wall of the cavity 13 can comprise a valve (not shown) though which the cavity 13 can be pumped down to vacuum. Oil can then be drawn into the cavity 13 though the valve under the vacuum action of the cavity 13.
- a reservoir of oil may also be connected to the cavity 13 by a pipe, in use the cavity 13 is preferably oriented so that any bubbles within the cavity 13 rise up to the pipe and into the reservoir, keeping the cavity 13 completely filled with oil.
- the profile of the drive body 23 is such that air bubbles cannot get trapped during filling or in service.
- Drive body profiles may differ depending upon the intended orientation of the rotational drive in use.
- Any oil feed tubes to the oil insulated rotational drive 1 are preferably arranged such that the oil can be purged through the system during initial filling or following long service to remove any build up of contaminants or aging products.
- FIG 4 Shown in figure 4 is the oil filled rotational drive 1 of figure 2 along with the circuit breaker enclosure 11 and interrupter drive arm 2 in end view.
- the circuit breaker enclosure 11 is at earth whilst the interrupter drive arm 2 is at high voltage.
- the circuit breaker enclosure 11 is therefore filled with air or an inert gas such as nitrogen to reduce the risk of arcing between circuit breaker enclosure 11 and interrupter drive arm 2.
- the gas may be under pressure.
- the seal 25 between the rotational drive arm 19 and enclosure 1 is designed to prevent leakage of oil from the cavity 13 to the circuit breaker enclosure 11 and gas from the circuit breaker enclosure 1 1 to the cavity 13.
- the circuit breaker enclosure 11 has an aperture 28 in its wall opposite where the rotational drive arm 19 enters the circuit breaker enclosure 19.
- the aperture 28 is used for maintenance of the device.
- the aperture 28 is not being used it is covered with a transparent cover plate 29.
- a second transparent cover plate 30 is arranged spaced apart from the first 29 and filled with oil to reduce the risk of electrical discharge through the plates 29,30. As both plates 29,30 are transparent an operator can view the rotational drive arm 19 and interrupter drive arm 2 in the circuit breaker enclosure 11 in use.
- the rotational drive arm 19 is connected to the interrupter drive arm 2 by a connection means 21.
- the connection means 21 is a rocking linear drive which is known in the field of mechanical engineering and the operation will not be described in detail.
- the rocking linear drive converts rational motion of the rotational drive arm 19 to linear motion of the actuator drive arm 2 in and out of the page.
- the device 40 comprises a hollow tube 41 having a side wall defined by bellows 45. One end of the tube 41 is in fluid communication with the circuit breaker enclosure 1 by means of a pipe 43 of small diameter. The opposite end of the tube
- a dividing plate 44 Arranged within the tube 41 is a dividing plate 44 connected to the bellows 45. Provided the pressure on both sides of the dividing plate 44 is the same the dividing plate 44 will be located half way along the tube 41. If the pressure on one side of the tube 41 changes then the plate 44 will move along the tube 41 until again the pressures are equal.
- the tube 41 may comprise a further biasing spring 46 urging the dividing plate 44 towards the oil filled side of the tube 41 so maintaining a slight overpressure in the oil compared to the gas.
- the tube wall may further comprise an end stop 47 restricting the range of motion of the dividing plate 44 and preventing the oil pressure going negative with respect to the gas pressure.
- the device 40 may further comprise position sensors 48 for measuring the position of the dividing plate 44 in the tube 41. If the dividing plate 44 moves too far with respect to its typical range of equilibrium positions then this may indicate a leak on either the gas or oil side.
- FIG. 6 Shown in figure 6 is the oil insulated rotational drive 1 in combination with the interrupter drive arm 2 and interrupter 3 in plan view.
- the interrupter drive arm 2 is connected to the interrupter 3 so that rotation of the oil insulated rotational drive 1 indirectly activates the interrupter 3.
- the interrupter 3 is arranged in the circuit breaker assembly enclosure 11.
- the modular form of the entire assembly has a number of advantages over known systems -
- the three main components (interrupter 3, circuit breaker enclosure 11 and rotational drive 1) are sealed. Only puncture through a solid moulding or insulating oil will cause the assembly to fail.
- an earthed rotational drive 1 can be used in close proximity to the high voltage parts of the assembly reducing space requirements and improving mechanical integrity.
- Each of the main components 1 , 2, 3 is a controlled environment which avoids the problems of condensation in electrically stressed regions which can lead to discharge problems and failures.
- the oil insulated rotational drive 1 is shown connected to an interrupter drive arm 2 which is in turn connected to an interrupter 3.
- the oil insulated rotational drive 1 has applications in other areas. For example, it could be used to drive disconnectors or switches. Typically disconnectors and switches are used in applications where the need to interrupt high currents is not necessary but insulated drives are still required. As in the higher voltage fields these are typically air insulated which are large and heavy.
Landscapes
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1415306.8A GB201415306D0 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-08-29 | An oil insulated rotational drive |
PCT/GB2015/052503 WO2016030695A1 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2015-08-28 | An oil insulated rotational drive |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3195340A1 true EP3195340A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
Family
ID=51752323
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15760507.2A Withdrawn EP3195340A1 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2015-08-28 | An oil insulated rotational drive |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3195340A1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB201415306D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016030695A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117613748A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中泰科技有限公司 | Intelligent environment-friendly gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111681906B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2022-06-17 | 安德利集团有限公司 | Vacuum circuit breaker |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE975484C (en) * | 1941-05-02 | 1961-12-07 | Siemens Ag | Column type fluid switch |
GB1114868A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1968-05-22 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements in or relating to electrical on-load tap-changers |
DE6605380U (en) * | 1966-04-30 | 1970-05-14 | Calor Emag Elek Zitaets Akteng | LIQUID CIRCUIT BREAKER |
US3471669A (en) * | 1968-01-16 | 1969-10-07 | Chance Co Ab | Encapsulated switch assembly for underground electric distribution service |
DD115802A5 (en) * | 1975-01-07 | 1975-10-12 | ||
US4184059A (en) * | 1977-10-31 | 1980-01-15 | A. B. Chance Company | Encapsulated vacuum switch having improved switch arm seal |
DE8312170U1 (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1983-10-06 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Actuating rod or tube for switching devices, in particular disconnectors, housed within a housing filled with SP or an encapsulation |
JP2003077373A (en) * | 2001-09-03 | 2003-03-14 | Toshiba Corp | Power receiving and distributing device |
JP2004039507A (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-02-05 | Toshiba Corp | Composite insulator and switch using composite insulator |
WO2012003527A1 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Kaon Holdings Pty Ltd | An electrical isolator |
-
2014
- 2014-08-29 GB GBGB1415306.8A patent/GB201415306D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-08-28 EP EP15760507.2A patent/EP3195340A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-08-28 GB GB1515314.1A patent/GB2531889B/en active Active
- 2015-08-28 WO PCT/GB2015/052503 patent/WO2016030695A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2016030695A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN117613748A (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-02-27 | 中泰科技有限公司 | Intelligent environment-friendly gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear |
CN117613748B (en) * | 2024-01-18 | 2024-05-03 | 中泰科技有限公司 | Intelligent environment-friendly gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2531889A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
WO2016030695A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
GB2531889B (en) | 2020-12-23 |
GB201515314D0 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
GB201415306D0 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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