EP3184894A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der zündung und der verbrennung durch einen brenner - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der zündung und der verbrennung durch einen brenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3184894A1
EP3184894A1 EP16205815.0A EP16205815A EP3184894A1 EP 3184894 A1 EP3184894 A1 EP 3184894A1 EP 16205815 A EP16205815 A EP 16205815A EP 3184894 A1 EP3184894 A1 EP 3184894A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
ignition
predefined
flame
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16205815.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3184894B1 (de
Inventor
Bruno Giordano
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IDEA SpA
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IDEA SpA
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Priority to PL16205815T priority Critical patent/PL3184894T3/pl
Publication of EP3184894A1 publication Critical patent/EP3184894A1/de
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Publication of EP3184894B1 publication Critical patent/EP3184894B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/02—Starting or ignition cycles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the combustion of a burner for use in applications in which combustion is present.
  • the present invention is used in atmospheric or premixed burners.
  • the fuel is preferably in a gaseous or liquid state and is carried to the burner through a supply pipe.
  • a possible use of the burner according to the present invention is in the field of boilers for heating.
  • the comburent supply means preferably comprises a fan infeeding air.
  • the comburent preferably comprises air, but might include any other type of comburent different to air.
  • the task of the control unit is mainly that of guaranteeing a "non-toxic" combustion so as not to generate spent gases (mainly carbon monoxide) damaging for the health of individuals.
  • this control is carried out by taking as a reference a curve in the ionization current realised as a function of the excess air index.
  • the air excess index is, as is well known, defined by the ratio between the quantity of comburent air used and the quantity of air required for complete stoichiometric combustion and is indicated by symbol I (lambda).
  • the ionization curve is created on the basis of laboratory tests on the burner in a step preceding the installation of the burner at the final user's premises.
  • the value of the ionization current is measured (using the detecting means) and compared with a predefined threshold value (using the control unit) so as to control the combustion.
  • control unit has the task of adjusting the quantity of air and gases supplied to the burner with the purpose of guaranteeing a correct combustion for each power value required by the user.
  • WO 2014/140687 filed in the name of the present applicant, a known control system of the combustion is described.
  • this control system has some drawbacks connected mainly to the fact that the quantity of air and gas supplied to the burner, in order to have a same power value, vary as a function of the type of gas present in the installation zone of the burner. In fact, more or less energetic gases exist in nature (G20, G25,). A corresponding curve exists for each gas which links the flow rate of fuel to the power requested by the burner. Therefore, if the burner is used in a place where the gas on the basis of which the curve has been constructed is not available the control system does not work correctly.
  • the object of the present invention is to realise a method and a device for controlling the combustion of a burner which obviates the above-cited drawbacks.
  • An aim of the present invention is to realise a method and a device for controlling the combustion of a burner which is able to automatically adjust to the type of fuel used.
  • an aim of the present invention is to realise a method and a control device of the combustion of a burner which takes account of any eventual variations in variable parameters over time that are relative to the detection of the representative value of the quality of the flame.
  • the indicated aims are substantially attained by a method and a control device of the combustion of a burner according to what is described in the appended claims.
  • the control method of the combustion of a burner 1 comprises at least a step of igniting the burner 1.
  • the step of igniting ( figure 2 ) of the burner 1 comprises in turn a first substep of supplying the burner 1 with a predefined quantity of comburent.
  • This predefined quantity of comburent is supplied to the burner 1 via the supply means 2 for supplying the comburent.
  • the comburent is preferably air and the supply means 2 for supplying the comburent comprises a fan 14.
  • the step of supplying the burner 1 with a predefined quantity of fuel includes switching on the supply means 2 for supplying comburent and keeping them switched on at least for a predefined initial time (also known as the pre-ventilation time) before supplying fuel to the burner 1 so as to operate a cleaning of the environment from the air surrounding the burner 1.
  • a predefined initial time also known as the pre-ventilation time
  • the step of igniting the burner 1 comprises, in turn, a second substep which includes activating flame ignition means 4 so as to be able to ignite the flame 4 in a subsequent step.
  • the ignition means is configured for generating the igniting of the flame 4 on the burner 1.
  • the method preferably includes monitoring and controlling the energy of the ignition means with the aim of optimising the ignition.
  • the ignition means comprises a system (of known type and not being a part of the present invention) for generating a spark.
  • the energy of the ignition means is controlled by acting on the frequency, voltage and duration (defining the main characteristics) of the spark.
  • the ignition of the burner 1 comprises a third substep which includes supplying a fuel to the burner 1 through a supply pipe 3 of the fuel.
  • the step of supplying the fuel to the burner is implemented by increasing the flow rate of said fuel starting from a predefined initial value ImodlgnMin.
  • said step of supplying the fuel to the burner is implemented by increasing a flow rate of said fuel according to a predefined ignition ramp 5 starting from a predefined initial value ImodlgnMin up until the flame is ignited so as to ignite the burner.
  • the step of supplying the fuel to the burner 1 is carried out by sending a command signal Imod to a fuel valve 7 interposed along the supply pipe 6.
  • the command signal follows said predefined ignition ramp 5 starting from the predefined initial value ImodIgnMin.
  • the method includes detecting a combustion value Iono representing the quality of the flame using means for detecting 8 the quality of the flame operatively positioned at the flame.
  • the combustion value Iono is preferably defined by the ionization current of the flame 4.
  • the detecting means 8 detects the value of the flame ionization current.
  • the value of the flame ionization current depends on various factors among which also the flame temperature. Note that the combustion value Iono is detected by means of a probe arranged at the flame 4 position, which generates a corresponding electric combustion signal.
  • the method includes checking whether the flame ignition is normal or not.
  • the flame ignition is defined as normal if:
  • the ignition step has a predefined duration TimeIgn following which if the flame 4 has not ignited, the comburent supply and/or fuel supply is interrupted and the ignition step is repeated.
  • the method includes switching off the burner 1 by interrupting the comburent supply and implementing a re-ignition step which includes repeating the step of igniting the burner 1.
  • This repeated ignition step is implemented by increasing the flow rate of said fuel according to an ignition ramp 5 and/or a predefined initial value ImodlgnMin that are different to the ignition ramp 5 and/or to a predefined initial value ImodlgnMin used during the non-normal step of igniting the burner 1.
  • the step of re-ignition is carried out following a step or a plurality of ignition steps that are not normal.
  • the re-ignition step can be newly carried out if there has not been a normal ignition.
  • the method includes memorising the combustion value Iono detected in a memory register 9 so as to create a historical record of the combustion values detected during the normal ignition step and with the aim of determining a reference point for a subsequent re-ignition.
  • the combustion control immediately carries out the calibration step ( figure 3 ) described in the following.
  • the combustion control carries out the calibration step only if requested, otherwise the adjusting step is immediately carried out, also described in the following.
  • the method further comprises a step of detecting a duration of the ignition step and comparing said duration with a predetermined ignition time TimeIgn ; if the ignition of the flame 4 occurs after the predefined ignition time TimeIgn , the method includes implementing the re-ignition step.
  • the ignition step comprises a substep of detecting the flow rate value RpmPwm of the comburent supplied to the burner 1 and of comparing the flow rate value with a limit threshold value SL of a predefined comburent flow rate in such a way as to check whether the supplied flow rate value RpmPwm falls within the limit threshold SL or whether it exceeds the limit threshold SL.
  • the method includes proceeding with the subsequent step of activating the ignition means.
  • the method comprises a step of modifying the ignition ramp 5 and/or the predefined initial value and/or the predefined final value ImodlgnMax used during the step of igniting the burner 1.
  • the method comprises a calibration step ( figure 3 ) performed following the ignition step.
  • the calibration step comprises the following substeps:
  • the calibration step is carried out:
  • the calibration step is not completed in a case where the step is protracted beyond the maximum calibration time TimeTar.
  • the calibration step enables correcting the command signal Imod which is a function of the empirical curve of the combustion value Iono of the burner 1 determined by repeated laboratory tests with a predefined reference comburent (G20).
  • the method comprises an adjusting step of maximum ImodMax and ImodMin minimum thresholds of the fuel flow rate value.
  • the adjusting step comprises the following substeps:
  • control is carried out on the predefined combustion value Iono by adjusting the fuel flow rate.
  • the predefined combustion value Iono to be maintained and the corresponding fuel flow rate value are associated, instant by instant, to the detected comburent flow rate.
  • the combustion value Iono detected cannot vary externally of dynamic thresholds set by the control device.
  • the method comprises a regulating step (figure 5) of detecting the combustion value lono.
  • the regulating step can take place:
  • a suitable algorithm acts to adjust the supply of fuel and comburent to the burner 1 in order to verify the correct functioning of the measurement of the combustion value lono.
  • the method of the present invention also comprises a first-installation routine which includes carrying out at least a calibration step and at least a regulating step as described in the foregoing.
  • the first-installation routine includes calculating an offset reference which is used by the combustion control.
  • This offset reference takes account of the initial status of installation of the boiler, in relation to the place and type of installation.
  • the offset reference is preferably calculated and memorised in a special memory unit 15 as a function of the contents of the combustion value Iono and the control signal RpmPwm of the comburent supply means 2.
  • the memory unit 15 is configured for generating a modifying signal 16 for modifying the command signal Imod and a correcting signal 17 for correcting the control signal RpmPwm.
  • the first installation routine has an overall duration of a predetermined time during which the power of the boiler is adjusted by the combustion control.
  • the present invention further relates to a device 10 for controlling combustion of a burner 1.
  • a device 10 for controlling combustion of a burner 1 By way of example, figure 1 illustrates a boiler 100 comprising the burner 1.
  • the control device 10 of the combustion comprises:
  • the control unit 11 is in particular configured for:
  • control unit 11 is programmed to carry out a sequence of operating steps according to what is described in the foregoing for the method, which is incorporated here in its entirety.
  • control unit 11 is configured for:
  • control unit 11 is configured for receiving the output signal Iono representing the quality of the flame via the detecting means 8 of the quality of the flame and for verifying whether the value Iono detected falls within a range of predefined values IonoMax and IonoMin. In addition, the control unit 11 is configured for receiving the control signal Imod and for verifying whether the value Imod falls within a range of predefined values IonoMax and IonoMin.
  • control unit 11 is configured for sending a control signal to the on-off and modulating means 7 for cutting off supply of fuel and for carrying out the re-ignition step which includes repeating the step of igniting the burner 1.
  • control unit 11 is configured for carrying out the ignition step by sending a control signal Imod according to an ignition ramp 5 and/or a predefined initial value ImodlgnMin that are different to the ignition ramp 5 and/or to the predefined initial value ImodlgnMin used during the preceding step of igniting the burner 1.
  • the present invention attains the set aims.
  • the present invention enables adjusting the functioning of the burner to the type of gas which is used (more or less energetic gas).
  • the ignition of the burner 1 is repeated until the flame ionization value settles at values retained suitable, via an increasing or decreasing of the ignition ramp 5 of the flame.
  • the present system enables matching the whole representative curve of the ratio between the gas flow rate and the power requested by the boiler, also setting the respective upper and lower threshold curves within which the gas flow rate must be contained.
  • the present invention is relatively easy to realise and also that the cost connected to the actuation of the invention is not very high.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP16205815.0A 2015-12-23 2016-12-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der zündung und der verbrennung durch einen brenner Active EP3184894B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16205815T PL3184894T3 (pl) 2015-12-23 2016-12-21 Sposób i urządzenie do sterowania spalaniem i zapłonem dla palnika

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUB2015A009682A ITUB20159682A1 (it) 2015-12-23 2015-12-23 Metodo e dispositivo di controllo della combustione di un bruciatore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3184894A1 true EP3184894A1 (de) 2017-06-28
EP3184894B1 EP3184894B1 (de) 2018-07-18

Family

ID=55642770

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16205815.0A Active EP3184894B1 (de) 2015-12-23 2016-12-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der zündung und der verbrennung durch einen brenner

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3184894B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2691248T3 (de)
IT (1) ITUB20159682A1 (de)
PL (1) PL3184894T3 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19820192A1 (de) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-26 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Zündung eines gasbeheizten Brenners
US5899683A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
DE19941978A1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-15 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Synthesegases
US20090148798A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2009-06-11 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Method for Starting a Combustion Device Under Unknown Basic Conditions
WO2014140687A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Idea S.P.A. Burner combustion control method and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5899683A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
DE19820192A1 (de) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-26 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren zur Zündung eines gasbeheizten Brenners
DE19941978A1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-03-15 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Synthesegases
US20090148798A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2009-06-11 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Method for Starting a Combustion Device Under Unknown Basic Conditions
WO2014140687A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-18 Idea S.P.A. Burner combustion control method and device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3184894T3 (pl) 2019-03-29
ES2691248T3 (es) 2018-11-26
EP3184894B1 (de) 2018-07-18
ITUB20159682A1 (it) 2017-06-23

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