EP3182554B1 - System zur umwandlung von verteilter erneuerbarer energie in nutzbare energie - Google Patents

System zur umwandlung von verteilter erneuerbarer energie in nutzbare energie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3182554B1
EP3182554B1 EP15460113.2A EP15460113A EP3182554B1 EP 3182554 B1 EP3182554 B1 EP 3182554B1 EP 15460113 A EP15460113 A EP 15460113A EP 3182554 B1 EP3182554 B1 EP 3182554B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
energy
voltage
coupled
modules
converting
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3182554A1 (de
Inventor
Dawid Cycon
Wiktor Chochorowski
Olga Stanek
Edyta Stanek
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Ml System Spolka Akcyjna
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Ml System Spolka Akcyjna
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Priority to PL15460113T priority patent/PL3182554T3/pl
Publication of EP3182554A1 publication Critical patent/EP3182554A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/12—Parallel operation of dc generators with converters, e.g. with mercury-arc rectifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a system for converting distributed renewable energy into usable energy.
  • the source of distributed renewable energy can include photovoltaic generators of 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd generation, e.g. polycrystalline, monocrystalline, back-contact, thin-film micromorphous, microamorphous, cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium-gallium-silicon (CIGS), copper-indium-silicon (CIS), organic (DSSC), quantum dot (QDS) or perovskite (PSC) solar cells, as well as wind generators of rotor, drum, carousel, tornado, Darrieus, multiplane or propeller type, whereas the above-listed energy sources generate electric energy characterised with DC (direct current) voltage.
  • photovoltaic generators of 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd generation e.g. polycrystalline, monocrystalline, back-contact, thin-film micromorphous, microamorphous, cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium-gallium-silicon (CIGS), copper
  • the usable energy means such electric energy, including energy converted from distributed renewable energy sources, parameters acceptable by local electric power distribution company to which the system is connected.
  • From Polish patent application No. P-398332 known is an electric method of summing up the distributed wind energy consisting in that that voltages of a plurality of small wind power generators situated close with respect to each other are connected electrically in series creating thus an AC bus grid terminated with a receiving-converting-generating station with power equalling the sum of powers of the individual wind power generators.
  • the receiving-converting-generating station is a station in which the power of the supplied direct current is transformed, by means of a converter, into power of alternating current with parameters consistent with parameters of the national power grid.
  • CM 104092236 is a solution entitled "Hybrid renewable energy, a system of supplying from renewable energy sources, and a system of control and thereof' consisting in that the renewable energy sources, which can be photovoltaic generators and wind power generators, are connected to a common DC voltage line which is coupled bidirectionally with a converter converting DC electric energy into AC electric energy, such converter being in turn coupled bidirectionally with an AC voltage line transmitting the electric energy to the main electric power grid, whereas said line is coupled bidirectionally with a device-accumulator storing the AC electric energy, and moreover said AC voltage line can be additionally supplied from other renewable sources DC electric energy converted into alternating current.
  • the renewable energy sources which can be photovoltaic generators and wind power generators
  • US 2014/0285010 A known is a system and method for integrating and managing demand and/or response between alternative energy sources, grid power, and loads comprising a floating DC bus, one or more power-generators coupled to said bus, and one or more power-consumers also coupled to the DC bus, wherein the floating DC bus has an operating voltage that is allowed to vary over a range from a minimum bus operating voltage up to a maximum safe bus voltage. Variation in the operating voltage of the DC bus controls an operation of at least one power-generator or at least one power-consumer based on a control voltage range of the at least one power-generator or the at least one power-consumer. Switching on or off these power generators or power consumers, which have staggered control voltage ranges, provides their staggered performance at different voltage levels on the DC bus in order to provide automatic demand/response performance.
  • Description of invention granted patent US 8531055B2 reveals safety mechanisms, wake up and shutdown methods in distributed power installations which have a distributed power system including multiple DC power sources and multiple power modules.
  • the power modules include inputs coupled respectively to the DC power sources and outputs coupled in series to form a serial string, with an inverter coupled to the serial string and converting power input from the serial string to output power.
  • the system has also a signalling mechanism situated between the inverter and the power module adapted for controlling operation of said power modules.
  • patent description US 2012/0019203A1 discloses invention providing an energy storage and a vehicle charging system for a substation on an electrical power network with an energy storage system coupled to receive and store electrical power.
  • the stored electrical power may then be used to either charge vehicles or meeting the needs of other discretionary or interruptible loads.
  • the energy storage system comprises an energy distribution facility having at least one energy input and a plurality of energy outputs and an energy storage device coupled to said at least one energy input and at least one of said plurality of energy outputs.
  • a charging station is associated with said energy distribution and configured to removably couple said energy storage device in one or more electric vehicles, said charging station being geographically proximate to said energy distribution facility and electrically coupled with an inverter or motor generator set.
  • the current source from PV panels is connected in series with the Diesel engine generator and with a charging controller controlling charging and discharging voltage levels of a battery which is used both for storage and transferring energy excess or deficit as well as for supporting operations relating to Diesel engine start-up or variations of its load.
  • a charging controller controlling charging and discharging voltage levels of a battery which is used both for storage and transferring energy excess or deficit as well as for supporting operations relating to Diesel engine start-up or variations of its load.
  • both photovoltaic panels and wind generators are connected with each other in series via a rectifier, the system being also equipped with a battery used to store energy produced with the used of both of these sources and the battery playing the role of optional power supply source
  • a figure representing a model of the hybrid system shows comprises two bus bars, of which one is supplied from a hydro-generator, and the other is connected to conductor of a photovoltaic panel PV, whereas a converter for converting energy from PV panel is situated between the buses and connected bidirectionally with the bus powered from the hydro-generator.
  • a multiuse energy management and conversion system including electric vehicle charging which, as presented in Fig. 3 is equipped with a high-voltage DC bus coupled, through intelligently controlled electrical conversion modules to the utility grid or through a voltage converter converting energy of alternating current into energy of direct current or converting energy in opposite way.
  • the bus is coupled also to a local energy storage device, a wind generator, a solar generator and/or an electricity generator of other type, as well as to battery pack installed in an electric vehicle, whereas the local energy storage device (e.g., an array of batteries or fuel cells or capacitors, etc.).
  • the local energy storage device e.g., an array of batteries or fuel cells or capacitors, etc.
  • GB2405492 A discloses a plurality of power plants connected to the grid and including an inverter connected to a web-enabled site apparatus for communication with a PC and a central intelligent power application server.
  • the prior art does not offer any technical solutions ensuring failure-free operation of the whole distributed renewable energy generating system and allowing to establish data exchange connections over distances limited only by the well-known and commonly used optical technology.
  • the objective of the invention is to eliminate the above-quoted inconveniences by providing a simple system of converting distributed renewable energy into usable electric energy, said system playing the role of photovoltaic inverter allowing to combine individual modules of the system with a main converting unit with the possibility to extend the system by connecting additional functional modules.
  • the subject-matter of the system for converting distributed renewable energy into usable energy said renewable energy being produced by both photovoltaic generators and generators producing renewable energy of types other than photovoltaic, the generators being coupled with each other in series or in parallel creating a direct current grid terminated with a DC/AC converting unit with a power equalling the sum of powers produced by said generators, said unit converting the electric energy of direct voltage into electric energy of alternating voltage and being coupled with the alternating current power supply grid and with a DC voltage bus to which, through controller modules, renewable energy generators as well as a battery pack charging module and an electric vehicle recharging station module are coupled consists in that the DC/AC converting unit of the system is coupled bidirectionally with at least one MPPT controller module adapted to co-operate with renewably energy generators, and the DC/AC converting unit is coupled bidirectionally with the battery pack charging controller module, wherein the modules of said MPPT controllers are coupled electrically and bidirectionally with the vehicle charging station controller module powered from a local alternating
  • the DC voltage bus of the system is an external bus comprising two copper conductors with the cross-section surface areas and the insulation resistance values adapted to the power and voltage to be supplied as well as to the distance between all the individual modules distributed over the area in question according to actual configuration of the system.
  • the system for converting distributed renewable energy into usable energy allows to situate its MPPT controller modules directly at the renewable energy generators which allows to reduce length of connection leads conducting direct current with intensity varying in time.
  • Transmission of electric power between modules of MPPT controllers and the main AC/DC converting unit realised by means of common DC voltage bus results in increasing of the power transmission voltage between them from 600 V to 1000 V.
  • increased voltage under which the DC power is transmitted further between MPPT controller modules and the converting unit energy losses connected with electric power transmission are significantly reduced and allow to extend distances over which connections of the main DC bus can be provided.
  • the system according to the invention allows to acquire electric power from both photovoltaic generators manufactured according to any technology, including 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd generation photovoltaic cells generators, and from generators other than photovoltaic.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram representing connections between modules making up the whole system
  • Fig. 2 - a block diagram of modules of the system as applied in practice, supplemented with further example modules co-operating with each other together with directions of the energy transfer and data exchange routes.
  • the system 1 comprises a main DC/AC converting unit 2 coupled bidirectionally with the MPPT controller module 3, adapted to co-operate with a photovoltaic module and coupled bidirectionally with the accumulator battery charging controller module 4 and a MPPT controller module 5 adapted to co-operate with renewable energy sources other than photovoltaic generators (panels) coupled with the MPPT controller module 3 and with electric vehicle charging station controller module 6 coupled bidirectionally with the accumulator battery charging controller module 4, whereas the main AC/DC converting unit 2, the MPPT controller modules 3 and 5, and the accumulator battery charging module 4 are connected in parallel with the common voltage bus 7 with elevated DC voltage.
  • the system is equipped additionally with two groups of photovoltaic generators 8 coupled with two MPPT controller modules 3 and a renewable energy generator 9 being a wind generator coupled with MPPT controller module 5, whereas photovoltaic generators 8 generate DC electric power which, by means of MPPT controller modules 3 coupled with them, is converted into electric power which is also a DC voltage but of higher value and from outputs of these modules is conveyed directly onto the common DC voltage bus 7 to which, via said MPPT controller module 5, renewable energy generator 9 is also connected.
  • the system 1 has a battery of accumulators 10 connected to the accumulator battery charging controller module 4, while socket 11 for charging electric vehicles is connected to the electric vehicle charging station controller module 6 powered from the AC power grid 12 with rated voltage 230 V, whereas its main DC/AC converting unit 2 is coupled bidirectionally via a PC computer 13 controlling operation of the system with local IT network 14.
  • MPPT controller modules were used, respectively, adapted to co-operate with photovoltaic panels 3, and two and three MPPT controller modules 5, respectively, adapted to co-operate with wind-powered renewable energy generators connected appropriately in series with each other and in parallel with the main voltage bus 7.
  • MPPT controller modules 3 and 5 The purpose of MPPT controller modules 3 and 5 is to acquire electric energy from renewable energy generators 8 and 9 coupled with them with as high efficiency as possible and to transfer the energy in the form of electric current with intentionally increased voltage to the main voltage bus 7. Further, the accumulator battery charging controller module 4 controls the process of charging and discharging the battery or batteries 10 connected to it, whereas the energy transfer in said module can occur in both directions depending on conditions in which the system 1 operates. Electric energy from the voltage bus 7 can be transferred partly to the electric vehicle charging station controller module 6 and further to electric vehicle charging socket 11 controlled by said module.
  • the electric vehicle charging station controller module is the only module capable to be connected to the external AC power source with voltage 230 V via a local connection point 11, said source being either a single-phase grid or a three-phase grid depending on configuration of local power supply system. This way, the supplied AC voltage energy is conveyed only to the electric vehicle charging socket 11 in case of shortage of electric energy generated by renewable energy generators 8 and 9 and shortage of electric energy stored in the battery of accumulators 10, whereas the module prevents from transferring the electric power from the local AC voltage source 12 to the main voltage bus 7.
  • the DC electric energy transferred to the main DC voltage bus 7 is conveyed by said bus to the main DC/AC converting unit 2 in which the electric energy is converted from DC voltage to usable AC electric energy meeting requirements established by local electric power distributor operating in the area where the system 1 is deplayed, whereas said energy can be transferred to either single-phase grid or three-phase grid.
  • the DC voltage bus 7 is an external bus comprising two copper conductors with the cross-section surface areas and the insulation resistance values adapted to power and voltage to be supplied as well as to the distance between all the individual controller modules 3-6 distributed over the area in question according to actual configuration of the system 1.
  • the main DC/AC converting unit 2 apart from its function of converting electric energy of DC voltage into electric energy with AC voltage, controls also operation of all distributed renewable energy modules 3 and 5 of the system 1, converts the energy into usable AC energy, measures and controls the electric energy transferred to local AC energy source 12, and provides communication, including exchange of data (parameters), within a local IT network 14 by means of a PC computer 13 coupled with said unit.
  • Communication between individual controller modules 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the system 1 and the main DC/AC converting unit 2 is realised via a fibre-optic network (not shown in the figures) and an optic system conveying such information as: the system operation status, its possible failure conditions, and actual values of electric parameters of the converted and transformed electric energy, e.g. the values of the electric current intensity and electric voltage.
  • a parameter critical for correct operation of the whole system 1 is its ability to adjust each of the controller modules 3, 4, 5, and 6 to the voltage value prevailing on the main voltage bus 7, whereas the system is also equipped with a technical means (not shown in the figures) realising the function consisting in automatic switching each of the modules off in case of its failure or malfunction as well as in case when the energy transferred to the voltage bus 7 differs significantly from parameters predetermined for said modules, for instance in case of the amount of energy generated by renewable energy generators 3 and 5 required for correct operation of the MPPT control modules 5 and 6 coupled with said generators being insufficient.

Claims (3)

  1. Ein System zur Umwandlung verbreiteter, erneuerbarer Energie in nutzbare Energie, wobei die erneuerbare Energie sowohl von Photovoltaikgeneratoren als auch von Generatoren erzeugt wird, die erneuerbare Energie anderes Typus als Photovoltaik erzeugen, wobei die Generatoren in einer Reihe oder parallel miteinander gekoppelt sind und ein Gleichstromnetz bilden, das mit einer DC/AC-Wandler Einheit (2) mit einer Leistung endet, die der Summe der von den Generatoren erzeugten Leistungen entspricht, wobei die Einheit (2) die elektrische Energie der Gleichspannung in elektrische Energie der Wechselspannung umwandelt und mit dem Stromversorgungsnetz des Wechselstroms und mit einem Gleichspannungsbus (7) gekoppelt ist, an den über Steuerungsmodule (3,4,5,6) Generatoren für erneuerbare Energien (8, 9) sowie ein Batteriemodul (4) und ein Ladestationsmodul für Elektrofahrzeuge (6) gekoppelt sind, wobei die DC/AC-Wandler Einheit (2) des Systems bidirektional mit mindestens einem MPPT-Steuermodul (3) gekoppelt ist, das für die Zusammenarbeit mit erneuerbaren Energie-Generatoren geeignet ist und die DC/AC-Umwandlungseinheit (2) ist bidirektional mit dem Batteriepack-Ladesteuerungsmodul (4) gekoppelt, wobei die Module der MPPT Steuerungen (3,5) elektrisch und bidirektional miteinander gekoppelt sind, und das Batteriepack-Ladesteuerungsmodul (4) elektrisch und bidirektional mit dem Fahrzeugladestations-Steuerungsmodul (6) gekoppelt ist, das von einer lokalen alternativen Spannungsquelle gespeist wird (12), wobei die DC/AC-Wandler Einheit (2) elektrisch und bidirektional über einen PC-Computer (13) mit lokalem IT Netzwerk (14) verbunden ist, wobei die Einheit (2) dazu angepasst ist, um neben der umgewandelten elektrischen Energie mit Gleichspannung in elektrische Energie des Wechselstroms zu funktionieren, als Mittel zur Steuerung des Betriebs von allen verbreiteten Modulen für erneuerbare Energien (3 5) des Systems, Umwandlung der Energie des Wechselstroms in brauchbare Energie, Messung und Kontrolle der elektrischen Energie, die auf lokale AC Spannungsquellen (12) übertragen wurde, Kommunikation mit dem lokalen IT-Netzwerk (14), und Austausch von Daten über relevante technische Systemparameter.
  2. Das System wird gleich Forderung 1 dadurch charakterisiert, dass in der Kommunikation zwischen seinen einzelnen Steuerungsmodulen (3-6) und der Haupt-DC/AC-Wandler Einheit (2) über ein Glasfasernetz mit einem optischen System zur Übermittlung von Signalen mit den erforderlichen Informationen über den Systembetrieb und seiner Modulen, es aufrechterhalten wird.
  3. Das System wird gleich Forderung 1 dadurch charakterisiert, dass der Gleichstromspannungs-Bus (7) ein externer Bus ist, der aus zwei Kupferleitern mit einem Oberflächenquerschnitt und den Isolationswiderstandswerten besteht, die an die Leistung und Spannung sowie an den Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Modulen (3 - 6) angepasst sind und über das Gebiet verbreitet, das der tatsächlichen Konfiguration des Systems entspricht.
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CN111293720B (zh) * 2020-03-12 2022-06-28 固德威技术股份有限公司 一种并联光伏储能系统及其采用的并机控制方法
CN111884242A (zh) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-03 天津大学 一种分布式电能源系统多母线网络拓扑结构

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