EP3165866B1 - Heat exchanger, in particular for high-pressure refrigerant - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, in particular for high-pressure refrigerant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3165866B1
EP3165866B1 EP16197286.4A EP16197286A EP3165866B1 EP 3165866 B1 EP3165866 B1 EP 3165866B1 EP 16197286 A EP16197286 A EP 16197286A EP 3165866 B1 EP3165866 B1 EP 3165866B1
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Prior art keywords
flat tubes
heat exchanger
regions
disposed
channel flat
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EP16197286.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3165866A1 (en
Inventor
Marina Kropf
Friedrich Wilhelm Marquardt
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Tt&c Thermotransmission & Cooling Ug
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Tt&c Thermotransmission & Cooling Ug
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0478—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, which is particularly suitable for heat transfer tasks between high pressure refrigerant and air.
  • High-pressure refrigerants are of interest for various applications in refrigeration. Especially for reasons of environmental compatibility, carbon dioxide, R744, plays an increasingly important role as a high-pressure refrigerant.
  • a disadvantage of high-pressure refrigerants in connection with the dimensioning and design of heat exchangers for these refrigerants is that adapted to the high process pressures special design principles and materials are required to meet the safety requirements of a variety of applications.
  • a heat exchanger for a CO 2 vehicle air conditioning system wherein the channels are formed by a plurality of smaller channels, which are arranged on or in heat transfer plates, wherein a plurality of layers of heat transfer plates are soldered or welded together.
  • Such flat tubes are also referred to as multi-channel flat tubes and also go from the DE 102 41 635 A1 showing a flat tube heat exchanger and a manufacturing method for such disclosed.
  • JP S58 96986 A and the JP 2001 272184 A go heat exchanger from a plurality of Merhrkanalflachrohren out, which are meander-shaped according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide a heat exchanger for To provide, which is particularly suitable for high-pressure refrigerant and can be manufactured efficiently and has low construction dimensions.
  • a heat exchanger which is particularly suitable for high-pressure refrigerant and consists of a plurality of superimposed and mutually parallel multi-channel flat tubes and intervening fins.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes each have an end region at the ends, in which the multi-channel flat tubes are combined in each case.
  • connecting pieces are arranged, in which open the ends of the multi-channel flat tubes one side.
  • On the other side of the connecting piece there is a possibility of connection to generally standardized pipes, which lead the refrigerant out to the connecting piece or, on the other side, away from the connecting piece.
  • the adjacent multi-channel flat tubes are spaced from each other with spring blades and thermally contacted in a plurality of slit regions divided between the connecting tubes to the length of the flat tubes.
  • the majority of the multi-channel flat tubes are guided in sections parallel to each other and together in each case meander-shaped.
  • adjacent multi-channel flat tubes in the lamellar region are arranged parallel and straight to one another and spaced from one another by spring lamellae.
  • the design of the surface enlargement on the air side of the heat exchanger with spring blades represents a particularly cost-effective and efficient form of surface enlargement, which is very particularly advantageous to manufacture.
  • transition regions are arranged between the lamellar regions along the heat exchanger flat tubes, in which the adjacent multi-channel flat tubes are at least partially directly contacted with each other. From lamellar area to lamella area, a directional change of the orientation of the multi-channel flat tubes, which is realized by the arrangement of a transition area, preferably takes place.
  • the transition areas between the slat areas are parallel and straight.
  • the lamellar areas and the transition area are each arranged alternately and offset by 90 ° to each other.
  • a heat exchanger can be created, which has a generally rectangular and in particular even square air flow cross-section. This is particularly preferably achieved by arranging three fin regions and two transition regions between the end regions of the multi-channel flat tubes of the heat exchanger.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is that eight multi-channel flat tubes of the same length are arranged in the heat exchanger.
  • the lamellar areas are formed by arranging a plurality of intertwined spring lamellae of spiral springs between the multi-channel flat tubes.
  • the lamellae can thus be made particularly cost-effective from standard metalworking products, the spiral springs, which leads overall to cost-effective solutions in the production of Hochlichruckmeübertragern.
  • three intertwined and interpenetrated spring plates are arranged between adjacent multi-channel flat tubes in the lamellar region, the orientation of the adjacent spiral springs alternately changing. This means that the middle of the three coil springs has a different orientation than the two adjacent outer coil springs. Under the orientation of the coil springs is to be understood that they are executed accordingly once left and another time turned right.
  • connection between the multi-channel flat tubes and the spring blades is performed with thermosetting adhesive. This eliminates the need for soldering and welding the slats to the multi-channel flat tubes.
  • the invention relates conceptually a heat exchanger in a modified structure with respect to the pipe run of Mehrkanalflachrohre. Particularly noteworthy is that only two connection points of the multi-channel flat tubes with each other and to the connecting pieces located in each case in the end regions exist. This well controllable concentration of potential leaks favors the use of heat exchangers in stationary and mobile applications.
  • the heat exchanger design is compact and universally designed, and heat exchangers of the proposed design can replace almost any conventional heat exchanger, with smaller dimensions required for the same performance.
  • the heat exchanger is suitable for higher pressures and thus is a use in high-pressure refrigerant circuits with CO 2 as a refrigerant possible.
  • the heat exchanger consists of eight Multi-channel flat tubes, which have dimensions of 1.8 mm in height and 16 mm in width.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes are bent meander-shaped and each have an equal length. At the inlet and outlet of the fluid flowing through the multi-channel flat tubes, these are bundled together in the end regions.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes are received at these end of each pipe receiving with adapter and connected by laser welding, for example, tightly together and the pipe receiving.
  • Adapters are connected to the tube receptacles, which have corresponding connection dimensions for integration into the circuit of the air conditioning system.
  • the dimensions of the embodiment according to the invention are 278 mm x 278 mm and are thus of square flow cross-section for the air.
  • the length of the multi-channel flat tubes is in each case 1065 mm.
  • the heat exchanger has a very compact design, in which there are only two connection points of the multi-channel flat tubes.
  • the joints are designed much more stable than comparable collector constructions according to the prior art and thus provide the entire heat exchanger a significantly higher resistance to mechanical influences.
  • Use - related shocks or deformations, such as those in light accidents in the area of Heat exchangers can certainly occur when used in vehicles, the heat exchanger can withstand due to its robust design principle.
  • Another advantage is that costly soldering for the integration of each individual Mehrkanalflachrohres omitted in a collector, since all Mehrkanalflachrohre open at their ends in each case only one connection point, which can be accurately sealed by laser welding machine.
  • the connecting elements consisting for example of adapter and pipe receiving, are easy to produce molded parts, which promotes economic production of the heat exchanger.
  • the design principle and the parallel guidance of the multi-channel flat tubes ensured a continuous liquefaction of the refrigerant when using the heat exchanger as a condenser and there is no additional wet steam area. This is due to the fact that the length of the individual multi-channel flat tubes differs significantly from the conventional heat exchanger tubes.
  • the meandering shape of the multi-channel flat tubes allows a compact design of the heat exchanger with the same power.
  • the introduction of spring blades between the multi-channel flat tubes causes a higher turbulence of the air flow and thus contributes to the improvement of the mode of action.
  • the spring blades themselves are clearly more stable than conventional lamellas made of thin aluminum sheet due to their interlaced construction and the thermosetting compound.
  • the construction of spring blades allows a significantly better cleaning ability, which is particularly interesting when using the heat exchanger as a condenser and associated pollution.
  • the selection of suitable multi-channel flat tubes for the heat exchanger also allows the operation of the refrigerant circuits at much higher pressures and in particular the use of CO 2 as a refrigerant with this heat exchanger type is possible.
  • a heat exchanger 1 is shown in cross-section, which is composed of a plurality of multi-channel flat tubes 2. Between the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are spring blades 3, in part on the left side of FIG. 1 represented, arranged. The ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 each form an end region 11, in which the ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are combined. The ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 open into a tube receiving 5, which forms the connecting piece 8 with an adapter 4.
  • the adapter 4 has the corresponding geometric dimensions towards the lines outside the heat exchanger 1.
  • the adapter 4 is designed replaceable, so that the heat exchanger 1 is adaptable to different piping systems.
  • adapter 4 and pipe receiving 5 are designed as one component, which simplifies the production and further reduces the susceptibility to leakage.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes 2 On the way between the two end regions 11, the multi-channel flat tubes 2 have different areas. From the end region 11, the multichannel flat tubes 2 pass over into a lamellar region 9 and then after directional deflection by 90 °, the multichannel flat tubes 2 merge into a transitional region 10, in which the multichannel flat tubes 2 are contacted at least partially directly with one another. From the transition region 10, the multi-channel flat tubes 2 turn to a lamellar region 9 deflected and go to a further deflection in a transition region 10 over. From the transition region 10, the multi-channel flat tubes 2, after renewed deflection, pass into the end region 11 and are guided therein to the connecting piece 8. The two connecting pieces 8 are in two planes in the opposite direction.
  • Fig. 2 is a view in the axial direction of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 on the adapter 4 and the raw receptacle 5 is shown.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are welded in this fixation in the tube receiving 5 by laser welding.
  • the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are flowed through in this configuration from one end portion 11 to the other in parallel with refrigerant.
  • Fig. 3 three spring blades 3 are shown, which are designed as spring blades 7 with a winding in left orientation and as a spring blades 6 with a winding in the right orientation.
  • the spring blades 6, 7 are made of aluminum because of the good heat transfer properties and intertwined under mechanical stress.
  • the coil springs are mechanically very robust and hold in shape also mechanically demanding cleaning method, for example by means of high-pressure cleaner, in contrast to slats of aluminum sheet according to the prior art stood.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager, welcher insbesondere für Wärmeübertragungsaufgaben zwischen Hochdruckkältemitteln und Luft geeignet ist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, which is particularly suitable for heat transfer tasks between high pressure refrigerant and air.

Hochdruckkältemittel sind für verschiedene Einsatzgebiete bei der Kälteerzeugung von Interesse. Besonders aus Gründen der Umweltverträglichkeit spielt Kohlendioxid, R744, als Hochdruckkältemittel eine immer wichtigere Rolle.
Nachteilig bei Hochdruckkältemitteln im Zusammenhang mit der Dimensionierung und Ausbildung von Wärmeübertragern für diese Kältemitte ist, dass an die hohen Verfahrensdrücke angepasste spezielle Konstruktionsprinzipien und Materialien erforderlich sind, um den sicherheitstechnischen Anforderungen der verschiedensten Anwendungsgebiete gerecht zu werden.High-pressure refrigerants are of interest for various applications in refrigeration. Especially for reasons of environmental compatibility, carbon dioxide, R744, plays an increasingly important role as a high-pressure refrigerant.
A disadvantage of high-pressure refrigerants in connection with the dimensioning and design of heat exchangers for these refrigerants is that adapted to the high process pressures special design principles and materials are required to meet the safety requirements of a variety of applications.

Im Stand der Technik ist beispielsweise aus der DE 101 10 828 A1 ein Wärmeübertrager für eine CO2-Fahrzeugklimaanlage bekannt, wobei die Kanäle durch eine Vielzahl von kleineren Kanälen gebildet werden, welche auf oder in Wärmeübertragungsblechen angeordnet sind, wobei mehrere Lagen von Wärmeübertragungsblechen miteinander verlötet oder verschweißt sind.In the prior art, for example, from the DE 101 10 828 A1 a heat exchanger for a CO 2 vehicle air conditioning system, wherein the channels are formed by a plurality of smaller channels, which are arranged on or in heat transfer plates, wherein a plurality of layers of heat transfer plates are soldered or welded together.

Aus der DE 101 46 824 A1 geht ein Wärmeübertrager-Flachrohrblock mit umgeformten Flachrohrenden hervor, wobei Flachrohre mit mehreren, über den Rohrquerschnitt verteilten Kanälen den Strömungsweg für das Hochdruckkältemittel bilden.From the DE 101 46 824 A1 goes with a heat exchanger flat tube block formed flat tube ends, with flat tubes with multiple, distributed over the tube cross-section channels form the flow path for the high-pressure refrigerant.

Derartige Flachrohre werden auch als Mehrkanalflachrohre bezeichnet und gehen auch aus der DE 102 41 635 A1 hervor, wobei ein Flachrohr-Wärmeübertrager sowie ein Herstellungsverfahren für einen solchen offenbart sind.Such flat tubes are also referred to as multi-channel flat tubes and also go from the DE 102 41 635 A1 showing a flat tube heat exchanger and a manufacturing method for such disclosed.

Weiterhin ist aus der DE 10 2005 044 754 A1 ein Mehrreihiger Wärmeübertrager und eine Wellrippe für denselben bekannt, wobei die Flachrohre einer Reihe gegenüber der benachbarten Reihe versetzt angeordnet sind und wobei zwischen den Flachrohren selbst eine Wellrippe zur Vergrößerung der Oberfläche auf der Luftseite des Wärmeübertragers vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, from the DE 10 2005 044 754 A1 a multi-row heat exchanger and a corrugated fin for the same known, wherein the flat tubes of a row are arranged offset from the adjacent row and wherein between the flat tubes itself a corrugated fin for enlarging the surface on the air side of the heat exchanger is provided.

Auch aus der JP S58 96986 A und der JP 2001 272184 A gehen Wärmeübertrager aus einer Mehrzahl von Merhrkanalflachrohren hervor, die mäanderförmig geführt sind gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.Also from the JP S58 96986 A and the JP 2001 272184 A go heat exchanger from a plurality of Merhrkanalflachrohren out, which are meander-shaped according to the preamble of claim 1.

Schwierigkeiten bei Wärmeübertragern mit Flachrohren bereiten erfahrungsgemäß die Einbindung der Flachrohre in die Sammlerrohre sowie die Anordnung der Flachrohre zum Wärmeübertragerblock mit den Verbindungen zu den Lamellen zur luftseitigen Wärmeübertragung.Difficulty with heat exchangers with flat tubes prepare experience, the integration of the flat tubes in the header pipes and the arrangement of the flat tubes to the heat exchanger block with the connections to the slats for air-side heat transfer.

Insbesondere nachteilig an Wärmeübertragergestaltungen mit Mehrkanalflachrohren aus dem Stand der Technik ist, dass eine ökonomische Fertigung sowie eine robuste Konstruktion und eine möglichst geringe Dimensionierung und hohe Kompaktheit der Wärmeübertragers noch nicht zufriedenstellend gelöst ist.A particular disadvantage of heat exchanger designs with multichannel flat tubes from the prior art is that an economical production as well as a robust construction and the smallest possible dimensioning and high compactness of the heat exchanger are still not satisfactorily solved.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht somit darin, einen Wärmeübertrager zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher insbesondere für Hochdruckkältemittel geeignet ist und der sich rationell fertigen lässt sowie über geringe Bauabmessungen verfügt.The object of the invention is thus to provide a heat exchanger for To provide, which is particularly suitable for high-pressure refrigerant and can be manufactured efficiently and has low construction dimensions.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch einen Gegenstand mit den Merkmalen gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.The object of the invention is achieved by an article having the features according to claim 1. Further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Aufgabe wird insbesondere durch einen Wärmeübertrager gelöst, der für Hochdruckkältemittel besonders geeignet ist und aus einer Mehrzahl von übereinander und parallel zueinander verlaufenden Mehrkanalflachrohren und dazwischenliegenden Lamellen besteht. Die Mehrkanalflachrohre besitzen jeweils an den Enden einen Endbereich, in welchen die Mehrkanalflachrohre jeweils zusammengefasst sind. An den beiden Endbereichen der Mehrkanalflachrohre sind Anschlussstutzen angeordnet, in welchen die Enden der Mehrkanalflachrohre einer Seite einmünden. Auf der anderen Seite des Anschlussstutzens befindet sich eine Anschlussmöglichkeit an in der Regel standardisierte Rohrleitungen, die das Kältemittel zum Anschlussstutzen hin oder entsprechend auf der anderen Seite vom Anschlussstutzen weg führen. Die benachbarten Mehrkanalflachrohre sind in mehreren, auf die Länge der Flachrohre aufgeteilte Lamellenbereiche zwischen den Anschlussstutzen zueinander mit Federlamellen beabstandet und thermisch kontaktiert. Die Mehrzahl der Mehrkanalflachrohre sind abschnittsweise parallel zueinander geführt und gemeinsam jeweils mäanderförmig ausgebildet.The object is achieved in particular by a heat exchanger, which is particularly suitable for high-pressure refrigerant and consists of a plurality of superimposed and mutually parallel multi-channel flat tubes and intervening fins. The multi-channel flat tubes each have an end region at the ends, in which the multi-channel flat tubes are combined in each case. At the two end portions of the multi-channel flat tubes connecting pieces are arranged, in which open the ends of the multi-channel flat tubes one side. On the other side of the connecting piece, there is a possibility of connection to generally standardized pipes, which lead the refrigerant out to the connecting piece or, on the other side, away from the connecting piece. The adjacent multi-channel flat tubes are spaced from each other with spring blades and thermally contacted in a plurality of slit regions divided between the connecting tubes to the length of the flat tubes. The majority of the multi-channel flat tubes are guided in sections parallel to each other and together in each case meander-shaped.

Bevorzugt sind benachbarte Mehrkanalflachrohre im Lamellenbereich parallel und gerade zueinander angeordnet und mit Federlamellen zueinander beabstandet. Die Ausgestaltung der Oberflächenvergrößerung auf der Luftseite des Wärmeübertragers mit Federlamellen stellt eine besonders kostengünstige und effiziente Form der Oberflächenvergrößerung dar, welche ganz besonders vorteilhaft zu fertigen ist.Preferably, adjacent multi-channel flat tubes in the lamellar region are arranged parallel and straight to one another and spaced from one another by spring lamellae. The design of the surface enlargement on the air side of the heat exchanger with spring blades represents a particularly cost-effective and efficient form of surface enlargement, which is very particularly advantageous to manufacture.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind zwischen den Lamellenbereichen entlang der Wärmeübertragerflachrohre Übergangsbereiche angeordnet, in denen die benachbarten Mehrkanalflachrohre mindestens teilweise direkt miteinander kontaktiert sind. Von Lamellenbereich zu Lamellenbereich erfolgt bevorzugt ein Richtungswechsel der Orientierung der Mehrkanalflachrohre, welcher durch die Anordnung eines Übergangsbereiches realisiert wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, transition regions are arranged between the lamellar regions along the heat exchanger flat tubes, in which the adjacent multi-channel flat tubes are at least partially directly contacted with each other. From lamellar area to lamella area, a directional change of the orientation of the multi-channel flat tubes, which is realized by the arrangement of a transition area, preferably takes place.

Eine besonders gut zu fertigende und platzsparende Ausgestaltung besteht nunmehr darin, dass in den Übergangsbereichen die Mehrkanalflachrohre direkt thermisch miteinander in Verbindung stehend aufeinanderliegen.A particularly well-to-produce and space-saving design is now that in the transition areas the Mehrkanalflachrohre directly thermally connected to each other standing on each other.

Besonders bevorzugt sind die Übergangsbereiche zwischen den Lamellenbereichen parallel und gerade ausgeführt sind.Particularly preferably, the transition areas between the slat areas are parallel and straight.

Besonders bevorzugt sind die Lamellenbereiche und die Übergangsbereich jeweils alternierend und um 90° zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Auf die Art und Weise lässt sich ein Wärmeübertrager schaffen, der eine allgemein rechteckige und insbesondere sogar quadratische Luftdurchströmungsquerfläche aufweist. Besonders bevorzugt wird dies erreicht, indem drei Lamellenbereiche und zwei Übergangsbereiche zwischen den Endbereichen der Mehrkanalflachrohre des Wärmeübertragers angeordnet sind.Particularly preferably, the lamellar areas and the transition area are each arranged alternately and offset by 90 ° to each other. In the way, a heat exchanger can be created, which has a generally rectangular and in particular even square air flow cross-section. This is particularly preferably achieved by arranging three fin regions and two transition regions between the end regions of the multi-channel flat tubes of the heat exchanger.

Eine Vorzugsausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, dass acht Mehrkanalflachrohre gleicher Länge im Wärmeübertrager angeordnet sind.A preferred embodiment of the invention is that eight multi-channel flat tubes of the same length are arranged in the heat exchanger.

Die Lamellenbereiche werden dadurch gebildet, dass mehrere ineinander verschlungene Federlamellen aus Spiralfedern zwischen der Mehrkanalflachrohren angeordnet werden. Die Lamellen lassen sich somit besonders kostengünstig aus Standardprodukten der Metallverarbeitung, den Spiralfedern, ausgestalten, was insgesamt zu kostengünstigen Lösungen bei der Herstellung von Hochdruckwärmeübertragern führt.The lamellar areas are formed by arranging a plurality of intertwined spring lamellae of spiral springs between the multi-channel flat tubes. The lamellae can thus be made particularly cost-effective from standard metalworking products, the spiral springs, which leads overall to cost-effective solutions in the production of Hochdruckruckmeübertragern.

Gemäss der Erfindung sind zwischen benachbarten Mehrkanalflachrohren im Lamellenbereich drei ineinander verschlungene und voneinander durchdrungene Federlamellen angeordnet, wobei abwechselnd die Orientierung der benachbarten Spiralfedern wechselt. Dies bedeutet, dass die mittlere der drei Spiralfedern eine andere Orientierung aufweist als die beiden benachbarten äußeren Spiralfedern. Unter der Orientierung der Spiralfedern ist zu verstehen, dass diese entsprechend einmal links und ein andermal rechts herum gedreht ausgeführt sind.According to the invention, three intertwined and interpenetrated spring plates are arranged between adjacent multi-channel flat tubes in the lamellar region, the orientation of the adjacent spiral springs alternately changing. This means that the middle of the three coil springs has a different orientation than the two adjacent outer coil springs. Under the orientation of the coil springs is to be understood that they are executed accordingly once left and another time turned right.

Besonders vorteilhaft für die Wärmeübertragungsaufgaben und die effiziente Fertigung der Wärmeübertrager ist die Verbindung zwischen den Mehrkanalflachrohren und den Federlamellen mit wärmehärtendem Klebstoff ausgeführt. Dadurch kann auf ein Verlöten und Verschweißen der Lamellen mit den Mehrkanalflachrohren verzichtet werden.Particularly advantageous for the heat transfer tasks and the efficient production of heat exchangers, the connection between the multi-channel flat tubes and the spring blades is performed with thermosetting adhesive. This eliminates the need for soldering and welding the slats to the multi-channel flat tubes.

Die Erfindung betrifft konzeptionsgemäß einen Wärmeübertrager in verändertem Aufbau hinsichtlich des Rohrverlaufes der Mehrkanalflachrohre. Besonders hervorzuheben ist, dass nur zwei Verbindungsstellen der Mehrkanalflachrohre untereinander und zu den Anschlussstutzen jeweils in den Endbereichen lokalisiert, existieren. Dies gut beherrschbare Konzentration potentieller Leckstellen begünstigt den den Einsatz der Wärmeübertrager im stationären und auch im mobilen Bereich.The invention relates conceptually a heat exchanger in a modified structure with respect to the pipe run of Mehrkanalflachrohre. Particularly noteworthy is that only two connection points of the multi-channel flat tubes with each other and to the connecting pieces located in each case in the end regions exist. This well controllable concentration of potential leaks favors the use of heat exchangers in stationary and mobile applications.

Das Wärmeübertragerdesign ist kompakt und universell gestaltet und Wärmeübertrager der vorgeschlagenen Bauart können beinahe jeden herkömmlichen Wärmeübertrager ersetzen, wobei bei gleicher Leistung geringere Abmaße erforderlich sind.The heat exchanger design is compact and universally designed, and heat exchangers of the proposed design can replace almost any conventional heat exchanger, with smaller dimensions required for the same performance.

Auch ist der Wärmeübertrager für höhere Drücke geeignet und somit ist ein Einsatz in Hochdruckkältemittelkreisläufen mit CO2 als Kältemittel möglich.Also, the heat exchanger is suitable for higher pressures and thus is a use in high-pressure refrigerant circuits with CO 2 as a refrigerant possible.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung besteht der Wärmeübertrager aus acht Mehrkanalflachrohren, welche Abmaße von 1,8 mm Höhe und 16 mm Breite aufweisen. Die Mehrkanalflachrohre sind mäanderförmig gebogen und haben jeweils eine gleiche Länge. Am Ein- und Austritt des die Mehrkanalflachrohre durchströmenden Fluids sind diese in den Endbereichen zusammengebündelt. Die Mehrkanalflachrohre werden an diesen Endbereichen von jeweils einer Rohraufnahme mit Adapter aufgenommen und durch Laserschweißen beispielsweise dicht miteinander und der Rohraufnahme verbunden. Mit den Rohraufnahmen sind Adapter verbunden, die entsprechende Anschlussmaße für die Einbindung in den Kreislauf der Klimaanlage besitzen.In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger consists of eight Multi-channel flat tubes, which have dimensions of 1.8 mm in height and 16 mm in width. The multi-channel flat tubes are bent meander-shaped and each have an equal length. At the inlet and outlet of the fluid flowing through the multi-channel flat tubes, these are bundled together in the end regions. The multi-channel flat tubes are received at these end of each pipe receiving with adapter and connected by laser welding, for example, tightly together and the pipe receiving. Adapters are connected to the tube receptacles, which have corresponding connection dimensions for integration into the circuit of the air conditioning system.

Zwischen den mit ihren Breitseiten zueinander angeordneten Mehrkanalflachrohren werden gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung drei ineinandergefügte Spiralfedern aus Aluminium eingefügt, um eine Beabstandung der Mehrkanalflachrohre zueinander sowie eine bestmögliche Wärmeübertragung auf die zwischen den Mehrkanalflachrohren durchströmende Luft zu gewährleisten. Von diesen drei Spiralfedern ist die Mittlere in entgegengesetzter Richtung gewickelt, um ein Ineinanderfügen zu gewährleisten. Die Geometrie der drei ineinander verschlungenen Federn gewährleistet eine gute Verwirbelung des Luftstromes und erzielt gegenüber herkömmlichen Lamellen eine wesentliche höhere Stabilität. Die Verbindung zwischen den Mehrkanalflachrohren und den Spiralfedern wird, wie erwähnt, durch einen wärmehärtenden Klebstoff hergestellt, der bei einer Temperatur von zirka 180 bis 190 Grad Celsius verschmolzen wird.Between the broadside mutually arranged Mehrkanalflachrohren three interlaced coil springs made of aluminum are inserted according to a preferred embodiment, to ensure a spacing of the Mehrkanalflachrohre each other and a best possible heat transfer to the air flowing through the Mehrkanalflachrohren. Of these three coil springs, the middle one is wound in the opposite direction to ensure interfitting. The geometry of the three intertwined springs ensures a good turbulence of the air flow and achieved over conventional fins a much higher stability. The connection between the multi-channel flat tubes and the coil springs is, as mentioned, made by a thermosetting adhesive, which is fused at a temperature of about 180 to 190 degrees Celsius.

Die Abmaße des erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels betragen 278 mm x 278 mm und sind somit von quadratischem Durchströmungsquerschnitt für die Luft. Die Länge der Mehrkanalflachrohre beträgt dabei jeweils 1065 mm. Als besonders vorteilhaft ist hervorzuheben, dass der Wärmeübertrager eine sehr kompakte Bauweise aufweist, bei welcher sich nur zwei Verbindungsstellen der Mehrkanalflachrohre ergeben. Die Verbindungsstellen sind wesentlich stabiler gestaltet als vergleichbare Sammlerkonstruktionen nach dem Stand der Technik und bieten dem gesamten Wärmeübertrager somit eine deutliche höhere Festigkeit gegenüber mechanischen Einflüssen. Einsatzbedingte Stöße oder Deformierungen, wie sie beispielsweise bei leichteren Unfällen im Bereich des Wärmeübertragers beim Einsatz in Fahrzeugen durchaus vorkommen können, kann der Wärmeübertrager aufgrund seines robusten Konstruktionsprinzips widerstehen.The dimensions of the embodiment according to the invention are 278 mm x 278 mm and are thus of square flow cross-section for the air. The length of the multi-channel flat tubes is in each case 1065 mm. To be particularly advantageous is to emphasize that the heat exchanger has a very compact design, in which there are only two connection points of the multi-channel flat tubes. The joints are designed much more stable than comparable collector constructions according to the prior art and thus provide the entire heat exchanger a significantly higher resistance to mechanical influences. Use - related shocks or deformations, such as those in light accidents in the area of Heat exchangers can certainly occur when used in vehicles, the heat exchanger can withstand due to its robust design principle.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist, dass kostenintensive Lötverfahren für das Einbinden eines jeden einzelnen Mehrkanalflachrohres in einen Sammler entfällt, da alle Mehrkanalflachrohre an ihren Enden in jeweils nur eine Verbindungsstelle münden, die per Laserschweißautomat exakt abgedichtet werden kann. Die Anschlusselemente, bestehend beispielsweise aus Adapter und Rohraufnahme, sind unkompliziert herzustellende Formteile, was eine ökonomische Fertigung des Wärmeübertragers befördert. Das Konstruktionsprinzip und die Parallelführung der Mehrkanalflachrohre gewährleistete eine kontinuierliche Verflüssigung des Kältemittels beim Einsatz des Wärmeübertragers als Kondensator und es entsteht kein zusätzlicher Nassdampfbereich. Dies ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass sich die Länge der einzelnen Mehrkanalflachrohre deutlich von den herkömmlichen Wärmeübertragerrohren unterscheidet.Another advantage is that costly soldering for the integration of each individual Mehrkanalflachrohres omitted in a collector, since all Mehrkanalflachrohre open at their ends in each case only one connection point, which can be accurately sealed by laser welding machine. The connecting elements, consisting for example of adapter and pipe receiving, are easy to produce molded parts, which promotes economic production of the heat exchanger. The design principle and the parallel guidance of the multi-channel flat tubes ensured a continuous liquefaction of the refrigerant when using the heat exchanger as a condenser and there is no additional wet steam area. This is due to the fact that the length of the individual multi-channel flat tubes differs significantly from the conventional heat exchanger tubes.

Zusammengefasst ergeben sich mehrere Vorteile der Erfindung. Die mäanderförmige Ausformung der Mehrkanalflachrohre gestattet eine kompakte Bauweise des Wärmeübertragers bei gleicher Leistung. Die Einbringung von Federlamellen zwischen den Mehrkanalflachrohren bewirkt eine höhere Verwirbelung des Luftstromes und trägt damit zur Verbesserung der Wirkungsweise bei. Die Federlamellen selbst sind durch ihren ineinander verschlungenen Aufbau und die wärmeaushärtende Verbindung deutlich stabiler als herkömmliche Lamellen aus dünnem Aluminiumblech. Der Aufbau aus Federlamellen ermöglicht eine erheblich bessere Reinigungsfähigkeit, was insbesondere beim Einsatz des Wärmeübertragers als Kondensator und damit einhergehender Verschmutzung von Interesse ist.
Die Auswahl geeigneter Mehrkanalflachrohre für die Wärmeübertrager gestattet darüber hinaus das Betreiben der Kältemittelkreisläufe mit wesentlich höheren Drücken und es ist insbesondere die Verwendung von CO2 als Kältemittel mit diesem Wärmeübertragertyp möglich.In summary, there are several advantages of the invention. The meandering shape of the multi-channel flat tubes allows a compact design of the heat exchanger with the same power. The introduction of spring blades between the multi-channel flat tubes causes a higher turbulence of the air flow and thus contributes to the improvement of the mode of action. The spring blades themselves are clearly more stable than conventional lamellas made of thin aluminum sheet due to their interlaced construction and the thermosetting compound. The construction of spring blades allows a significantly better cleaning ability, which is particularly interesting when using the heat exchanger as a condenser and associated pollution.
The selection of suitable multi-channel flat tubes for the heat exchanger also allows the operation of the refrigerant circuits at much higher pressures and in particular the use of CO 2 as a refrigerant with this heat exchanger type is possible.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile von Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen mit Bezugnahme auf die zugehörigen Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
Wärmeübertrager im Querschnitt
Fig. 2:
Anschlussstutzen und Adapter für die Mehrkanalflachrohre im Endbereich
Fig. 3:
Federlamellen
Further details, features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1:
Heat exchanger in cross section
Fig. 2:
Connecting pieces and adapters for multi-channel flat pipes in the end area
3:
spring blades

In Fig. 1 ist ein Wärmeübertrager 1 im Querschnitt dargestellt, der aus mehreren Mehrkanalflachrohren 2 aufgebaut ist. Zwischen den Mehrkanalflachrohren 2 sind Federlamellen 3, auszugsweise auf der linken Seite der Figur 1 dargestellt, angeordnet. Die Enden der Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 bilden jeweils einen Endbereich 11, in dem die Enden der Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 zusammengefasst sind. Die Enden der Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 münden in eine Rohraufnahme 5, welche mit einem Adapter 4 den Anschlussstutzen 8 bildet. Der Adapter 4 weist die entsprechenden geometrischen Abmessungen hin zu den Leitungen außerhalb des Wärmeübertragers 1 auf. Bevorzugt ist der Adapter 4 auswechselbar ausgeführt, so dass der Wärmeübetrager 1 an verschiedenen Leitungssysteme anpassbar ist. Alternativ sind Adapter 4 und Rohraufnahme 5 als ein Bauteil ausgeführt, was die Fertigung vereinfacht und die Leckageanfälligkeit weiter reduziert.In Fig. 1 a heat exchanger 1 is shown in cross-section, which is composed of a plurality of multi-channel flat tubes 2. Between the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are spring blades 3, in part on the left side of FIG. 1 represented, arranged. The ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 each form an end region 11, in which the ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 are combined. The ends of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 open into a tube receiving 5, which forms the connecting piece 8 with an adapter 4. The adapter 4 has the corresponding geometric dimensions towards the lines outside the heat exchanger 1. Preferably, the adapter 4 is designed replaceable, so that the heat exchanger 1 is adaptable to different piping systems. Alternatively, adapter 4 and pipe receiving 5 are designed as one component, which simplifies the production and further reduces the susceptibility to leakage.

Auf dem Weg zwischen den beiden Endbereichen 11 weisen die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 verschiedene Bereich auf. Vom Endbereich 11 gehen die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 über in einen Lamellenbereich 9 und anschließend nach Richtungsumlenkung um 90° gehen die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 in einen Übergangsbereich 10 über, in welchem die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 zumindest teilweise direkt miteinander kontaktiert sind.
Vom Übergangsbereich 10 werden die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 wiederum zu einem Lamellenbereich 9 umgelenkt und gehen nach einer weiteren Umlenkung in einen Übergangsbereich 10 über. Aus dem Übergangsbereich 10 gehen die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 nach erneuter Umlenkung in den Endbereich 11 über und werden in diesem zum Anschlussstutzen 8 geführt. Die beiden Anschlussstutzen 8 liegen in zwei Ebenen in entgegengesetzter Richtung.On the way between the two end regions 11, the multi-channel flat tubes 2 have different areas. From the end region 11, the multichannel flat tubes 2 pass over into a lamellar region 9 and then after directional deflection by 90 °, the multichannel flat tubes 2 merge into a transitional region 10, in which the multichannel flat tubes 2 are contacted at least partially directly with one another.
From the transition region 10, the multi-channel flat tubes 2 turn to a lamellar region 9 deflected and go to a further deflection in a transition region 10 over. From the transition region 10, the multi-channel flat tubes 2, after renewed deflection, pass into the end region 11 and are guided therein to the connecting piece 8. The two connecting pieces 8 are in two planes in the opposite direction.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Ansicht in axialer Richtung der Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 auf den Adapter 4 und die Rohaufnahme 5 dargestellt. Die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 werden in dieser Fixierung in die Rohraufnahme 5 mittels Laserschweißverfahren eingeschweißt. Die Mehrkanalflachrohre 2 werden in dieser Konfiguration von einem Endbereich 11 hin zum anderen parallel mit Kältemittel durchströmt.In Fig. 2 is a view in the axial direction of the multi-channel flat tubes 2 on the adapter 4 and the raw receptacle 5 is shown. The multi-channel flat tubes 2 are welded in this fixation in the tube receiving 5 by laser welding. The multi-channel flat tubes 2 are flowed through in this configuration from one end portion 11 to the other in parallel with refrigerant.

In Fig. 3 sind drei Federlamellen 3 dargestellt, die als Federlamellen 7 mit einer Wicklung in Linksorientierung und als Federlamellen 6 mit einen Wicklung in Rechtsorientierung ausgeführt sind. Die Federlamellen 6, 7 sind wegen der guten Wärmeübertragungseigenschaften aus Aluminium ausgeführt und unter mechanischer Spannung ineinander verflochten. Die Spiralfedern sind mechanisch sehr robust und halten in ihrer Form auch mechanisch stärker beanspruchenden Reinigungsverfahren, beispielsweise mittels Hochdruckreiniger, im Gegensatz zu Lamellen aus Aluminiumblech nach dem Stand der Technik stand.In Fig. 3 three spring blades 3 are shown, which are designed as spring blades 7 with a winding in left orientation and as a spring blades 6 with a winding in the right orientation. The spring blades 6, 7 are made of aluminum because of the good heat transfer properties and intertwined under mechanical stress. The coil springs are mechanically very robust and hold in shape also mechanically demanding cleaning method, for example by means of high-pressure cleaner, in contrast to slats of aluminum sheet according to the prior art stood.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
WärmeübertragerHeat exchanger
22
MehrkanalflachrohrMultichannel flat tube
33
Federlamellenspring blades
44
Adapteradapter
55
Rohraufnahmetube support
66
Federlamelle rechts gewickeltSpring plate wound right
77
Federlamelle links gewickeltSpring plate wound left
88th
Anschlussstutzenspigot
99
Lamellenbereichslat area
1010
ÜbergangsbereichTransition area
1111
Endbereichend

Claims (7)

  1. A heat exchanger (1), particularly for high-pressure refrigerants, made of a plurality of multichannel flat tubes (2) having intermediate fins, the ends of the multichannel flat tubes (2) each being joined in an end region (11), the multichannel flat tubes (2) being joined at the two end regions (11) in connecting fittings (8), and adjacent multichannel flat tubes (2) being spaced apart from each other and thermally contacted by means of spring fins (6, 7) in a plurality of fin regions (9) between the connecting fittings (8), the plurality of multichannel flat tubes (2) being routed parallel to each other in segments and each jointly meandering in shape, and transition regions (10) being disposed between the fin regions (9), in which the adjacent multichannel flat tubes (2) contact each other at least partially directly, characterized in that the fin regions (9) are implemented from spiral springs having a plurality of spring fins (6, 7) interlaced with each other, wherein three spring fins (6, 7) are disposed and the orientation of the spiral springs varies alternately.
  2. The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that adjacent multichannel flat tubes (2) are disposed parallel to each other in the fin region (9) and spaced apart from each other by means of spring fins (6, 7).
  3. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the claims 1 through 2, characterized in that the transition regions (10) between the fin regions (9) are parallel in design.
  4. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the fin region (9) and transition region (10) are each disposed alternatingly and offset from each other by 90°.
  5. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the claims 1 through 4, characterized in that three fin regions (9) and two transition regions (10) are disposed between the end regions (11).
  6. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the claims 1 through 5, characterized in that eight multichannel flat tubes (2) of equal length are disposed in the heat exchanger (1).
  7. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the claims 1 through 6, characterized in that the connection between the multichannel flat tubes (2) and the spring fins (6, 7) is implemented by means of heat-curing adhesive.
EP16197286.4A 2015-11-05 2016-11-04 Heat exchanger, in particular for high-pressure refrigerant Active EP3165866B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015118969.0A DE102015118969A1 (en) 2015-11-05 2015-11-05 Heat exchanger, especially for high pressure refrigerant

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EP3165866A1 EP3165866A1 (en) 2017-05-10
EP3165866B1 true EP3165866B1 (en) 2019-07-17

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DE (1) DE102015118969A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE722235C (en) * 1932-04-16 1942-07-04 Manuf Generale Metallurg Sa Process for the manufacture of finned tubes
JPS5896986A (en) * 1981-12-04 1983-06-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Heat exchanger
DE19729497A1 (en) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-14 Behr Gmbh & Co Flat tube heat exchanger for car air-conditioning plant
DE19729496A1 (en) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-14 Behr Gmbh & Co Heat-exchanger especially for use as serpentine flat tube condenser
DE10110828A1 (en) 2000-03-16 2001-09-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Heat exchanger for carbon dioxide air-conditioning unit in vehicle; has separate channels for high and low pressure refrigerant flow each with several small channels formed in heat exchanger sheets
JP2001272184A (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-10-05 Sanden Corp Heat exchanger
DE10146824A1 (en) 2001-09-18 2003-04-24 Behr Gmbh & Co Heat exchanger flat tube block with deformed flat tube ends
EP1321734A1 (en) 2001-10-02 2003-06-25 Behr GmbH & Co. KG Flat tubes heat exchanger and fabricating process associated
DE102005044754A1 (en) 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger has two or more rows of flat pipes with pipes of one row off-set relative to pipes of adjoining row and welded to corrugated fins
JP5983335B2 (en) * 2011-11-30 2016-08-31 株式会社デンソー Heat exchanger

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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