EP3161947A1 - Cooling device and cooling method for cooling an energy conversion apparatus having a rotor and at least one turbine - Google Patents
Cooling device and cooling method for cooling an energy conversion apparatus having a rotor and at least one turbineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3161947A1 EP3161947A1 EP15744544.6A EP15744544A EP3161947A1 EP 3161947 A1 EP3161947 A1 EP 3161947A1 EP 15744544 A EP15744544 A EP 15744544A EP 3161947 A1 EP3161947 A1 EP 3161947A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- rotor
- coolant
- turbine
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
- H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
- H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
- H02K9/20—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil wherein the cooling medium vaporises within the machine casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cooling device for cooling an energy conversion device with an electric machine, comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, which is arranged on a rotatable central shaft.
- the energy conversion device further comprises at least a first turbine rotatably mounted on the same shaft.
- the invention relates to a Derar ⁇ term energy conversion device and a cooling method for such a device.
- Energy conversion devices are known from the prior art, which are equipped with cooling devices for cooling of rotating electrical coil windings.
- electrical machines with superconducting rotor windings are typically provided with cooling devices in which a coolant such as liquid nitrogen, FLÜS ⁇ Siges helium or liquid neon circulating inside a central shaft according to the thermosiphon principle, and thus heat can dissipate from the rotor.
- a coolant such as liquid nitrogen, FLÜS ⁇ Siges helium or liquid neon circulating inside a central shaft according to the thermosiphon principle, and thus heat can dissipate from the rotor.
- superconducting coil windings in particular supralei ⁇ rotating rotating field windings can be cooled to an operating tempera ⁇ ture below the critical temperature of the superconductor and kept at this operating temperature.
- Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cooling device for an energy conversion device, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned.
- a cooling device is to be specified in which a coolant can be coupled into a region of the shaft in the interior of the rotor of an electrical machine of the device in a simple manner.
- Other objects of the invention are an energy conversion device having such To provide cooling device and a cooling method for an energy conversion device.
- the cooling device is used for cooling an energy conversion device with an electric machine, comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, which is arranged on a rotatable central shaft.
- the energy conversion device further comprises at least a first turbine rotatably mounted on the same shaft.
- the cooling device comprises foundeds ⁇ least a first inner cavity of the shaft for transporting coolant into a region within the rotor of the electric machine, wherein the first inner cavity extends axially through the first turbine and through an axial clearance between the first turbine and rotor ,
- the electric machine of the energy conversion device can be operated either as a generator or as a motor.
- the entire energy conversion device is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
- electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy ⁇ vice versa.
- the Ener ⁇ gieumwandlungsvoriques comprises a central shaft and at least one turbine, wherein the central shaft couples the rotor of the electrical machine's ⁇ and turbine mechanically and Drehmo ⁇ elements between these components transmits.
- the term "rotor” should always be understood to mean the rotor of the electric machine, in contrast to the rotating turbine, which is often referred to in the art as a turbine rotor.
- Turbine only this rotatable turbine rotor are understood, the addition of a general can be surrounded stationary outer housing.
- shaft is intended to denote the entire, axially extending shaft of the energy conversion device, regardless of whether this shaft is made as a unitary component or composed of different axial shaft segments.It is essential that torques are transmitted over the length of Wel ⁇ le can, so that the shaft acts mechanically as one piece.
- the shaft may, for example, Segmen ⁇ th be composed in the region of the rotor and in the region of at least one turbine, so it may have a rotor shaft and one or more coupled thereto turbine shafts, umfas ⁇ sen Even in these cases, the word "wave" should always denote the entire mechanically connected arrangement of such axial segments.
- a significant advantage of the cooling device according to the invention is that by the first inner cavity coolant in a simple manner in the interior of the rotor gelei ⁇ tet can be, without requiring a free shaft end of the electric machine is needed. Instead, the coolant in the first internal cavity is passed through the interior of the first turbine. It therefore does not need to un ⁇ indirect proximity to the rotor in the interior of the shaft to be fed, but may reach, for example, to a soft remote ter shaft end in the interior of the shaft.
- an indirect heat transfer from the coolant to the external environment can also take place at this more remote shaft end.
- complex devices for supplying coolant or for indirect heat transfer in an axially inner region of the shaft are advantageously avoided.
- the first internal cavity in the shaft extends the full axial length of the turbine and also extends the full axial length of the turbine-rotor gap. It also expediently extends over at least part of the axial length of the rotor, so that coolant can pass into its interior via the first inner cavity. Thus, coolant may be introduced through the first turbine into the interior of the rotor.
- the transmission of torque via the shaft between Ro ⁇ tor and the first turbine can be ensured despite the extended first inner cavity, because for this torque ⁇ torque transmission, especially the mechanical strength of an outer shell of the shaft is crucial. Therefore, the part of the shaft carrying the turbine can also be designed as a hollow shaft.
- the energy conversion device according to the invention has an electric machine with a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, which is arranged on a central shaft, and at least one first turbine. Furthermore, the energy conversion device according to the invention comprises a cooling device according to the invention.
- the advantages of such Energy conversion device arise analogously to the described advantages of the cooling device according to the invention.
- the removal of heat from the coolant in the first inner cavity may advantageously be combined with other paths for heat dissipation, for example, with a further radial and / or axial heat transfer path in the interior of the rotor via which arranged on the rotor to cow ⁇ loin components the coolant in the interior of the shaft can be thermally coupled.
- the electric machine has an electric motor arranged on the rotor
- Coil winding which can be cooled by the cooling device.
- This coil is a superconducting Spu ⁇ lenwicklung, in particular, be a high-temperature superconducting coil winding.
- the electric machine can be operated, for example, either as a generator or as a motor.
- the method according to the invention serves to cool an energy conversion device with an electric machine, comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, which is arranged on a rotatable central shaft, and with at least one first turbine, which is rotatably arranged on the same shaft.
- the method comprises Wenig ⁇ least the step of transporting coolant in a Be ⁇ rich cavities within the rotor by a first inner hollow of the shaft which extends axially through the first turbine and by a disposed between the first turbine and the rotor gap.
- thedemit ⁇ tel is to be transported through the shaft of an axially facing away from the rotor side of the turbine in the interior of the rotor the.
- the shaft may have a first shaft end, which is provided with a device for feeding coolant into the first inner cavity, wherein the first shaft end is arranged axially on a side of the first turbine facing away from the rotor.
- coolant can be introduced into the interior of the shaft from a shaft end located behind the turbine as viewed from the rotor.
- the first shaft end may additionally be provided with a device for discharging coolant from the first internal cavity.
- a device for discharging coolant from the first internal cavity In this embodiment, therefore, the feeding and the discharge of coolant can take place at the same, not directly adjacent rotor axial end of the shaft.
- An advantage of this embodiment is that only one side of the shaft leading to the rotor must be designed as a hollow shaft. Another, remote from the first turbine part of the shaft can then be designed as a massive wave.
- the coolant can flow in a common inner tube towards the rotor and away from the rotor.
- the first inner cavity would be suitable for both transport directions.
- refrigerant in the manner of a thermosyphon or Wär ⁇ merohres.
- two inner cavities may extend between the first shaft end and the rotor.
- a first and a second inner cavity axially adjacent to each other are guided in the interior of the shaft.
- one of the two cavities may surround the other concentrically.
- the first inner cavity for the coolant supply can advantageously be surrounded by a second inner cavity for the coolant return. In principle, however, there may also be a reverse arrangement.
- the cooling device may have a first shaft end axially opposite second shaft end, which is provided with a device for discharging coolant from an interior of the shaft.
- coolant is thus switched on and off at axially opposite shaft ends.
- the shaft must be formed over its entire axial length as a hollow shaft.
- the cross section of the respective cavities can then be made smaller for a given shaft section compared to the entire cross section of the shaft, since the individual ⁇ nen cavities must be dimensioned in each case only for the transport of coolant in one direction and not several tubes parallel to each other or coaxial must be conducted to each other.
- thedemit ⁇ tel can then be introduced in particular through the interior of the first turbine and discharged through the interior of the second turbine again.
- the first inner cavity may either extend over the interior of both turbines, or the first inner cavity in the interior of the first turbine may be fluidically connected to a second inner cavity in the interior of the second turbine, so that a fluiddemit ⁇ tel between the two internal cavities can be transported.
- These two cavities may be fluidically connected to one another, for example, in In ⁇ Neren of the rotor, at the transition between the two inner cavities a thermodynamic state change can take place.
- the coolant emerging from the shaft can, in the various embodiments, generally be recycled, advantageously in the closed-loop fashion, from the discharge device back to a feed device of the shaft.
- the coolant may include, for example before ⁇ part by way of helium, neon and / or nitrogen. It can generally be present as gaseous coolant, as the liquid coolant or as Zvi ⁇ experienced during the refrigeration cycle these two states of aggregation changing coolant, the coolant.
- the first inner cavity and / or the second inner cavity may advantageously be insulated thermally against the surrounding jacket of the shaft. A thermal insulation of the heat ⁇ pipe against the radially outer regions of the shaft can be done in ⁇ example via a vacuum insulation.
- thermally poorly conductive material and / or a radiation-reflecting material may be arranged between the outer wall of the inner cavity and an outer jacket of the shaft.
- a Hola ⁇ gige heat insulation from reflecting metal foils are used.
- a UNNE ⁇ ger heat input is ver ⁇ Ringert in the coolant inside the shaft by such insulation, which contributes to a better cooling of the rotor arranged on the components.
- heating of the coolant inside the first turbine with a typically relatively high operating temperature of the turbine can advantageously be reduced.
- the shaft may have a heat transfer ⁇ area inside the rotor, in which the coolant is thermally coupled to a GR ilias on the rotor arranged to be cooled component.
- This further thermal connection in the heat transfer region of the shaft can, for example, via a forwarding of the coolant through channels in radial further outlying areas take place.
- it can also have a fluidly independent, but thermally conductive docked heat pipe with another coolant SUC ⁇ gen.
- the other connection can be made via thermal conduction in good thermally conductive materials.
- a radial heat transfer from radially outer regions of the rotor to the interior of the shaft or else a combination of axial and radial heat transport in the interior of the rotor can be achieved.
- the heat transfer region can be, for example, a region of the first inner cavity of the shaft, or alternatively it can be arranged in a further inner cavity of the shaft, which is, for example, fluidically coupled to the first inner cavity.
- the shaft may have an area inside the rotor for the passage of a thermodynamic change in state of the coolant.
- This thermodynamic change of state for example, either cause heat is discharged via ⁇ from a part of the rotor to the coolant inside the shaft, or the change of state may first lead to a cooling of the coolant in the interior of the shaft before it to a heat transfer from parts of the rotor comes on the coolant.
- the shaft may have in its interior a throttling member and a fluidically connected via the throttle body with the first inner cavity second inner cavity.
- the thermodynamic state change is then the pressure change of the gas in the expansion by the throttle body and the associated temperature change.
- This from ⁇ execution form is particularly advantageous in order to avoid excessive He ⁇ warming of the coolant on the way from the shaft end to pause ⁇ ren of the rotor or to compensate. Due to the elongated way of the coolant through the shaft in the interior of the turbine compared to conventional solutions, it can in principle be easier in the proposed solution to heat the coolant on the way to the interior of the rotor.
- the cooling ⁇ agent may be present at least on a part of this path on a height ⁇ ren temperature than the temperature at which the refrigerant is used in the rotor for cooling the present there com- ponents.
- This can be achieved in that the coolant is introduced as a gaseous coolant under elevated pressure in the first inner cavity and then expanded by a first cavity downstream of the throttle body into a second inner cavity.
- a throttle body for example, an expansion valve can generally be used. Due to the Joule-Thompson effect a cooling of the gas results in real gases below their inversion Tempe ⁇ temperature at such a pressure decrease. In such an embodiment, therefore, by a pressure difference between the first and second inner
- Cavity be achieved, that the gas reaches its necessary for the cooling of the rotor components low temperature only in the second cavity.
- the heating of the coolant can be advantageously reduced during its axial transport through the shaft, since the temperature ⁇ gradient between the coolant and the surrounding Materia ⁇ lien in these areas is lower than in the region of the downstream second internal cavity.
- multiple throttle bodies can be hintercollectge ⁇ switched to shut the refrigerant in multiple stages to a required for cooling within the rotor temperature to cool.
- a plurality of internal cavities can then be connected in series in the axial direction, which are fluidically connected to each other via the individual throttle bodies. This results in a stepwise cooling on the axial path of the coolant from the first shaft end in the direction of the rotor.
- This plurality of throttle bodies can either be arranged completely inside the rotor, or it can alternatively be arranged at least part of the throttle bodies in the space between the rotor and the turbine and / or already within the turbine.
- Such a Rielle arrangement of multiple throttle bodies is in principle suitable both for embodiments in which the inlet and outlet of the coolant take place at the same shaft end, as well as for embodiments in which the inlet and outlet line take place at opposite shaft ends.
- the shaft in the interior of the rotor a
- the first inner cavity may be formed as a heat pipe, in which coolant is transported in liquid form from the first shaft end in the direction of the rotor, wherein the refrigerant vaporizes in Ver ⁇ steamer under heat absorption from the components of the rotor and finally back as a gaseous coolant to the first Shaft end can get.
- the forward transport of liquid coolant and the return transport of gaseous coolant can take place either in the same first inner cavity, or alternatively different lines running axially inside the shaft can be used for the forward and return transport.
- the coolant may generally be advantageously fed as liquid coolant at the first shaft end into the interior of the shaft.
- gaseous ges coolant is fed under elevated pressure in the shaft, and that the coolant cools and after expansion by a Dros ⁇ selorgan thereby condensed, said verflüs ⁇ s costume coolant in a Evaporator can evaporate inside the rotor with heat absorption and then discharged as gaseous coolant back from the shaft.
- the discharge of the gaseous coolant can take place either at the same first shaft end, or the coolant can be transported in a constant axial direction further to the opposite second shaft end and be coupled from there from the interior of the shaft.
- the cooling device can generally advantageously have an additional thermal coupling device for cooling a further ren components of the energy conversion device outside of the rotor by thermal coupling to the transported inside the shaft coolant.
- this thermal coupling device can be downstream of a heat transfer region in the interior of the rotor in the flow direction of the coolant.
- the coolant may be used after the region in which it is in thermal contact with the components of the rotor to be cooled for further cooling of one or more components of the energy conversion device.
- This may be particularly advantageous to a shaft bearing.
- This shaft bearing may for example be a bearing in the region of the first turbine, the rotor or a possibly present second turbine.
- a remaining cooling potential of the already slightly heated coolant can be ge ⁇ uses to cool a heating in operation component of the electric machine or the turbines, in this exemplary case, a shaft bearing, in addition to cool.
- more strongly alsiliamila in the operating components of the electric machine or of the turbines can be additionally ge ⁇ cooled by the flowing coolant.
- the cooling device may comprise a stationary cooling machine for cooling and / or compression of coolant to be fed into the first inner cavity.
- the coolant can be circulated particularly advantageously in the form of a closed circuit between a device for feeding into the shaft and a device for discharge from the shaft.
- a cold head of a refrigerator may serve, the vaporized in egg ⁇ nem evaporator region inside the rotor part to condense the coolant again, at the same time heat from the coolant is transferred to the cold head of the chiller over ⁇ .
- a closed circuit between liquid coolant, which is introduced into the shaft, and gaseous coolant, which flows out of the shaft can be realized.
- the chiller can be designed as a compression chiller, and it can be arranged in the refrigerant circuit, a compressor which compresses a gaseous coolant flowing out of the shaft and - after release of heat to the environment by a heat exchanger - under such increased pressure back to the feed device returns.
- a compressor which compresses a gaseous coolant flowing out of the shaft and - after release of heat to the environment by a heat exchanger - under such increased pressure back to the feed device returns.
- Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous in combination with a throttle body in the interior of the shaft, can be expanded by the compressed gaseous coolant un ⁇ ter cooling.
- the energy conversion device may comprise a second turbine, which is also rotatably angeord ⁇ net on the same shaft.
- the rotor can be arranged between the first and second turbine.
- execution ⁇ form may in particular be used in a gas and steam power plant in which the rotor of the generator on a continuous shaft between a gas turbine and a
- Steam turbine is arranged. Rotor, gas turbine and steam turbine are mechanically coupled via the common shaft, and the torques are transmitted via the shaft between said components.
- the electric machine may have a superconducting Spulenwick ⁇ ment with an operating temperature between 20 K and 100 K, in particular between 20 K and 77 K.
- Machines with superconducting coil windings in the rotors have counter to conventional machines advantages in terms of efficiency, power density, and the dynamics and flexibi ⁇ formality.
- the machine can be designed in particular as a generator of a power plant. It can be beneficial for one Power range from 10 MW to 2 GW, in particular be designed between 400 MW and 2 GW.
- thermodynamic change of state can take place in the interior of the shaft.
- This thermodynamic change in state can advantageously contribute to a heat transfer of components of the rotor to the coolant and / or it can contribute to a cooling of the coolant in the interior of the rotor, in order subsequently to achieve a greater cooling ⁇ effect for the components to be cooled.
- the coolant can advantageously be used as gaseous saturated refrigerant can be fed into the first inner cavity under elevated pressure and subsequently expanded inside the Ro ⁇ gate by at least one throttle element to a lower pressure, cools the coolant.
- the advantages of this embodiment are analogous to the advantages of the corresponding embodiment of the cooling device. Under the increased pressure is to be understood here initially generally a pressure above atmospheric pressure.
- the pressure at which the gaseous coolant is fed into the first inner cavity can advantageously be above 1 bar, particularly advantageously above 5 bar, in particular even above 150 bar.
- Particularly advantageous coolants for this embodiment are helium , neon, nitrogen and / or hydrogen-containing coolants.
- the temperature of the introduced into the first inner cavity gas can advantageously above 250 K lie ⁇ gene, at least one Dros ⁇ selorgan inside the rotor nevertheless advantageously a temperature of the coolant below 45 K can be achieved after the expansion by the.
- the coolant can also be fed as liquid coolant into the first inner cavity and closing evaporate in an evaporator region of the first inner cavity.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a Energywand ⁇ treatment device of a gas and steam power plant
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a second exemplary embodiment
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a third embodiment
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a fourth embodiment.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of an energy conversion device 2 of a gas and steam power plant.
- the energy conversion device comprises a first turbine 23, which operates as a gas turbine, and a second turbine 25, which operates as a steam turbine. Between the two turbines 23 and 25, an electric machine 20 - here a Genera ⁇ gate - with an inner rotor 3 and a surrounding stator 21 is arranged.
- the rotor 3 and the two adjacent turbines 23 and 25 are arranged rotatably mounted on a common shaft 7 about a rotation axis 5.
- the shaft 7 imparts the mechanical coupling Zvi ⁇ rule the rotating components and transmits the torques.
- the shaft is composed of three sections together quantitative sets ⁇ 7, which are each connected via flange clutches 27.
- the shaft 7 may be made, for example, from a single continuous component.
- the arrangement shown corresponds to a so-called single-shaft configuration (English: Single-Shaft Configuration) of a combined cycle power plant, in which both a gas turbine 23 and a steam turbine 25 are used to drive a rotor 3, and so both turbines on the same shaft 7 the same Genera ⁇ tor 20th drive.
- the hot exhaust gases from the gas turbine can be used in ⁇ play, in a waste heat boiler to produce steam.
- the steam can be expanded in the steam turbine and thereby deliver additional mechanical power to the shaft.
- the mechanical power at the shaft is converted into electrical power in the generator.
- the arrangement of the two turbines on a common shaft can lead to a particularly efficient operation of the power plant ⁇ plant and to a reduction of the required generator components.
- the exemplary embodiments of the cooling devices 1 described below can be used, for example, in such combined gas and steam power plants.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention. Shown in turn, is an energy conversion device ⁇ 2 with two turbines 23 and 25, between which a rotor of a generator 3 is integrally ⁇ arranged on a common shaft. 7
- the rotor has at least one component 33 to be cooled, which is to be cooled by the cooling device 1 of the energy conversion device 2, and in this example is designed as a superconducting coil winding 4.
- the coil winding 4 must therefore for efficient operation of the generator are cooled down to an operating temperature in a cryogenic temperature range.
- a cooling device 1 is provided which comprises a stationary refrigeration system 41 and a first inner cavity 9 arranged inside the shaft 7.
- the shaft 7 is formed in a first axia ⁇ len shaft portion 7a as a hollow shaft, said shaft portion 7a extends from a first shaft end 8a through the first turbine 23 into the interior of the Ro ⁇ sector 3 inside. Via the first inner cavity 9, coolant 13 can thus be conducted from the fixed refrigeration system 41 into the interior of the rotor 3 and from there cool the superconducting coil winding 4.
- an area 7b of the shaft 7, which is axially adjacent to the first shaft section 7a is configured in this example as a solid shaft without an internal cavity.
- the first shaft end 8a is provided in the illustrated first embodiment ⁇ example with a device 17 for feeding coolant.
- a device 17 for feeding coolant In this example, it is a fixed tube, which protrudes into the first inner end of the first shaft end ers ⁇ th inner cavity 9.
- liquid coolant 13a in the present example liquefied neon from a Kondensor Scheme 16 of the refrigerator 41 is introduced into the shaft interior.
- This tube can continue contact either as a stationary pipe in the interior of the rotating shaft ⁇ , or it may be coupled via a rotary seal at a rotating tube part, or the liquid refrigerant 13a in a surrounding tube larger cavity axial flow in the direction of the rotor 3 ,
- This flow can be assisted, for example, by gravity, in particular if the coolant tube continues inside the shaft and has a slightly sloping design.
- the flow of liquid coolant to the rotor can be assisted by capillary forces and / or a conical shape of the inner cavity of the shaft by
- Evaporator 15 of the inner cavity 9 results. There, the liquid coolant 13 evaporates by absorbing heat in the heat transfer area 28, and the formed gaseous coolant 13b can pass back axially through the same inner cavity 9 in the direction of the first shaft end 8a.
- the component 33 to be warmed of the rotor 3 is cooled by coolant 13 transported inside the shaft 7, the coolant being conducted axially through the first turbine 23.
- the cooling ⁇ medium is introduced at the same first end of the shaft 8a and the like ⁇ discharged.
- the inner cavity 9 of the shaft serves at ⁇ as a heat pipe is transported in both the liquid coolant 13a to the rotor 3 as well as gaseous refrigerant 13b away from the rotor.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to an alternative second exemplary embodiment.
- coolant 13 is fed to the same first shaft end 8a and discharged again.
- the shaft is formed as a hollow shaft, while it is formed thereon in a massively at ⁇ closing shaft portion 7b in a first shaft portion 7a Zvi ⁇ rule this first shaft end 8a and the interior of the rotor.
- thedemit ⁇ tel 13 is not introduced here as a liquid coolant, but as under elevated pressure gaseous coolant 13b in the first shaft end.
- the device for feeding coolant is designed here as a high-pressure line 45, wherein the fixed outer part of the high ⁇ pressure line 45 connected in the region of the first shaft end via a pressure-resistant rotary seal 19 a with a rotating, lying within the shaft 7 part of the high-pressure line 45 a is.
- a first inner cavity 9 is then given through the interior of this rotatable continuation 45a of the high-pressure line.
- gaseous compressed coolant 13b here for example neon
- a throttle body 30 which is arranged in the interior of the rotor 3.
- the pressurized gas 13 b is expanded into a second inner cavity 10 in.
- the gaseous coolant cools to a much lower temperature than the temperature of the pressurized coolant in the first inner cavity 9.
- a heat transfer region 28 of the second inner cavity 10 is now in thermal contact with the component 33 of the rotor 3 to be cooled In this example, this thermal contact is given by heat ⁇ line elements 35.
- the now relaxed gaseous coolant 13b thus heats up and can then be guided axially back again to the first shaft end 8a by a continuation of the second inner cavity 10 surrounding the high-pressure tube.
- This shown coaxial arrangement of the two coolant lines 9 and 10 has the advantage that the expanded gas flowing back, even after a heat exchange in the heat transfer region 28th can still have a lower temperature than the pressurized gas 13b and thus can cause a pre-cooling of the incoming gas in the manner of a heat exchanger.
- a direct thermal interaction of the pressurized gas and the possibly warmer outer shell of the shaft is advantageously reduced by the outside flowing already expanded gas.
- this succeedman ⁇ tel be thermally insulated in this and all other embodiments by a vacuum insulation not shown here and / or another type of thermal insulation against the inner coolant lines 9 and 10.
- the expanded gaseous refrigerant in the second internal cavity 10 arrives at the first shaft end 8a of a rotary ⁇ seal 19 back to a low pressure outer line 47 of the cooling device, which leads to an only schematically shown in Fig. 3 refrigerating machine 41, which in this example as a compression refrigeration machine having a compressor is formed.
- refrigerating machine 41 which in this example as a compression refrigeration machine having a compressor is formed.
- the compressed gas is recompressed ⁇ tet, wherein the heat released in this compression of the gas is withdrawn by further components not shown here, the cooling ⁇ machine 41 again.
- the compressed gaseous coolant is in turn fed into the high-pressure ⁇ line 45, and the coolant circuit closes.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a cooling device 1 according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the shaft 7 is formed over its entire axial length as a hollow shaft, wherein at a first shaft end 8a, a device 17 for feeding coolant 13 and at an opposite second shaft end 8b, a device 18 for discharging coolant is arranged.
- a high-pressure line 45 is connected to a first inner cavity 9 of the shaft 7 via a pressure-resistant rotary seal 19 a.
- a low pressure line 47 via a rotary seal 19 with a second inner cavity 10 of the shaft 7 connected.
- a chiller 41 with a compressor angeord ⁇ net in which the gaseous refrigerant of the low pressure line 47 is compressed to a higher pressure and then fed into the high pressure line 45.
- a closed coolant circuit is formed by the lines and the compressor, wherein the gas is again deprived of heat 41 in the area of the chiller, for example via egg nen heat sink, with the heat to the external environment transmis conditions.
- the gas 10, which is slightly warmed but still cool in the heat transfer area 28, can not be used to precool the incoming pressurized gas.
- it can in principle be used for cooling further components which adjoin the second inner cavity 10, as described in the following exemplary embodiment.
- both inner cavities 9 and 10 may be thermally insulated against the surrounding ⁇ outer jacket of the shaft, for example via a surrounding vacuum insulation or other thermal insulation, which is not shown in the figures for clarity.
- the coolant 13 is used only for cooling of individual components 33 of the Rotor 3, and the heat input into the coolant 13 is ⁇ kept as low as possible.
- FIG. 1 An alternative fourth embodiment is shown schematically in FIG.
- the flow of gaseous refrigerant 13 through the entire axial length of the shaft 7 and the expansion of pressurized gas inside the rotor 3 are similarly configured in this example as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
- Cavity 10 an additional thermal coupling device between an outer wall of this cavity 10 and a Wel ⁇ lenlager 39 is arranged.
- a shaft bearing 39 in the region of the second turbine 25.
- such shaft bearings are heated during operation of the energy conversion device, and the still cold gas flowing out can be advantageously used for additional cooling of such warm components.
- a similar form of the shaft bearings cooling by the refrigerating machine strictlyströmen- of the coolant 13 and / or even by flowing in from the cold engine coolant is also possible as an advantageous Va ⁇ riante of the other described embodiments, thus for example also in combination with a heat pipe for cooling of the rotor components on an evaporator region and / or in an embodiment in which coolant on the same side of the shaft on and is discharged again.
- one or more inner cavities 9 and 10 of the shaft extend over a greater part of their axial length.
- at least one first cavity 9 extends through the first turbine 23 and into an inner region of the rotor 3.
- the same or another cavity may in some embodiments also extend further through the rotor 3 and the second turbine to the opposite end of the shaft.
- the shaft 7 may in this case generally be formed either with a continuous outer jacket, or it may, similar to that shown in FIG. 1, be composed of several shaft sections be.
- flange couplings 27 can be used with corresponding coolant seals, which also connect the inner cavities 9 and 10 of the shaft 7 in the axial direction with each other.
- a continuous tube can extend over several Seg ⁇ elements.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014215645.9A DE102014215645A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2014-08-07 | Cooling device and cooling method for cooling an energy conversion device with a rotor and at least one turbine |
PCT/EP2015/067202 WO2016020221A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2015-07-28 | Cooling device and cooling method for cooling an energy conversion apparatus having a rotor and at least one turbine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3161947A1 true EP3161947A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
Family
ID=53762171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15744544.6A Withdrawn EP3161947A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2015-07-28 | Cooling device and cooling method for cooling an energy conversion apparatus having a rotor and at least one turbine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170237318A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3161947A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106797159B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014215645A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016020221A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016215423A1 (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electric machine and vehicle with the electric machine |
US20180077821A1 (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-15 | Hcl Technologies Limited | Energy Conversion Apparatus and Method for Generating Electric Energy from Waste Heat Source |
DE102017201117A1 (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-07-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for cooling an electric machine and electric machine |
GB201712113D0 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-09-13 | Rolls Royce Plc | Electrical machine apparatus |
DE102017213227A1 (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-07 | Audi Ag | Rotor for an electric machine |
DE102018215917A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor with rotor winding for operation in continuous current mode |
CN111654135B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-03-11 | 浙江闽立电动工具有限公司 | Interior heat dissipation formula DC brushless motor and hand-held type lithium electric tool |
CN114244070A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-25 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Cooling pipeline transmission coupling device of superconducting phase modulator |
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US20130062976A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Mandar Ranganath Rai | Machines and methods and assembly for same |
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US3816780A (en) * | 1972-08-18 | 1974-06-11 | Massachusetts Inst Technology | Rotor structure for supercooled field winding |
US5605045A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1997-02-25 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Turbocharging system with integral assisting electric motor and cooling system therefor |
US6879069B1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2005-04-12 | Bae Systems Controls Inc. | Rotating machine with cooled hollow rotor bars |
DE10336277A1 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-03-24 | Siemens Ag | Machine has superconducting winding and a thermo siphon cooling system with coolant passing through Archimedean screw through central hollow space |
US7548000B2 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2009-06-16 | General Electric Company | Multilayer radiation shield |
DE102005004858A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-10 | Siemens Ag | Machine setup with thermosyphon cooling of its superconducting rotor winding |
US7312544B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2007-12-25 | General Electric Company | Fluid transfer device and method for conveying fluid to a rotating member |
JP4800111B2 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2011-10-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electric motor |
DE102007030474A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Electric machine with superconducting rotor winding |
DE102010041328A1 (en) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-03-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for damped, non-contact storage of a coolant supply for superconducting machines |
-
2014
- 2014-08-07 DE DE102014215645.9A patent/DE102014215645A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-07-28 EP EP15744544.6A patent/EP3161947A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-28 US US15/502,010 patent/US20170237318A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-07-28 CN CN201580053125.3A patent/CN106797159B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-07-28 WO PCT/EP2015/067202 patent/WO2016020221A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5615269U (en) * | 1979-07-13 | 1981-02-09 | ||
US20130062976A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-14 | Mandar Ranganath Rai | Machines and methods and assembly for same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of WO2016020221A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170237318A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
WO2016020221A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
CN106797159A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106797159B (en) | 2019-04-12 |
DE102014215645A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
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