EP3161389B1 - Electric heater - Google Patents

Electric heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3161389B1
EP3161389B1 EP15766785.8A EP15766785A EP3161389B1 EP 3161389 B1 EP3161389 B1 EP 3161389B1 EP 15766785 A EP15766785 A EP 15766785A EP 3161389 B1 EP3161389 B1 EP 3161389B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
heating device
electric heating
air duct
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15766785.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3161389A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Braun
Turgay Cinarci
Ralph GÄRTNER
Rainer Wiegner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to PL15766785T priority Critical patent/PL3161389T3/en
Publication of EP3161389A1 publication Critical patent/EP3161389A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3161389B1 publication Critical patent/EP3161389B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0036—Means for heating only
    • B61D27/0045—Electric heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K10/00—Body-drying implements; Toilet paper; Holders therefor
    • A47K10/48—Drying by means of hot air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0411—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/006—Thermally-actuated switches with different switches operated at substantially different temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/04—Bases; Housings; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/36—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a fluid with or without vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/04—Sensors
    • F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
    • F24H2250/02—Resistances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters
    • F24H9/0057—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0063—Guiding means in air channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric heater for delivering a heated air flow, in particular for heating a sanitary room in a rail vehicle.
  • the first protection level is usually realized by a reversible overtemperature switch, which interrupts the power supply to a heating element within the heater after reaching a specified excess temperature via a relay. After cooling of the usually over a PTC thermistor or a bimetal running reversible overtemperature switch, the heating element is reactivated.
  • a non-automatically resetting irreversible over-temperature switch after reaching a specified second overtemperature, disconnects the heating element via a second relay. If the relays controlled here, for example due to aging processes, contact burn, or - especially in a sanitary room - fail due to corrosion, it can lead to overheating of the heater and possibly to a fire.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electric heater, which has a high reliability, and in particular allows a safer separation of the heating element from the power supply.
  • an electric heating device for delivering a heated air flow in particular for heating a sanitary room in a rail vehicle, with an air duct and a fan for generating the air flow, a heating element for heating the air flow and a first overtemperature switch, wherein the fan and the heating element in arranged the air duct, and wherein the first overtemperature switch is designed to turn off the heating element reversible when exceeding a first overtemperature, further comprising a second overtemperature switch, which is designed to turn off the heating element irreversibly when exceeding a second overtemperature, and wherein at the air duct a trough is formed, the second overtemperature switch is arranged in the trough, and the second overtemperature switch has a thermally actuable disconnector for switching off the heating element, wherein the thermal releasable disconnect switch can be triggered by a bursting when exceeding the second overtemperature glass bead.
  • a connection or disconnection of a heating element is often carried out via a contactor or a relay.
  • a first advantage of the heating device according to the invention is that an interruption of the power supply of the heating element does not take place via a relay controlled by a second overtemperature switch, but via the second overtemperature switch itself. This means that a known from the prior art relay is eliminated. The second overcurrent switch is thus integral. This integration provides further benefits.
  • the air duct of the heating device according to the invention has a trough in which the second overtemperature switch is arranged.
  • the trough with the second overtemperature switch is advantageously designed such that the overtemperature switch is arranged substantially adjacent to the air flow.
  • the second overtemperature switch is arranged in a depression of the air duct such that the air flow can flow past it substantially unhindered by the second overtemperature switch.
  • the second overtemperature switch is arranged in a depression of the air duct such that the flow resistance formed by the second overtemperature switch is negligibly small. This feature offers the advantage that almost no turbulence of the air flow takes place through the second overtemperature switch. This allows for the same fan power a comparatively high air flow and low due to the air flow operating noise.
  • the triggering of the second overtemperature switch by a bursting glass ball as an actuator offers the advantage that due to the brittle property of glass is not gradual, but an abrupt change in shape of the actuator.
  • a gradually increasing temperature leads to an irreversible and abrupt change in shape of the glass sphere when the second excess temperature is exceeded, so that the disconnect switch can be triggered abruptly.
  • the risk of sticky contacts or the formation of arcs can be reduced in this way.
  • the electrical heating device is designed such that the circuit breaker has a switching mechanism with a biased by a spring switching element and a switch, wherein the switching mechanism executed is to open the switch on the switching element irreversible when it tripped.
  • An electrical heating device in which a spring-biased switching mechanism can trigger opening of a switch has the advantage that, when the over-temperature switch is triggered, the energy stored in the pre-stressed spring is available for applying a force with which to disconnect Contacts of the switch can be performed or supported. It thus offers an advantage, in particular in applications in which, due to increased corrosion conditions, but also due to aging processes or contact firing, "sticking" or "caking" of current-carrying contacts can occur.
  • the switch is preferably designed as an opener. In principle, however, the use of a switch is possible, the switching function is not used.
  • the switching element is preferably designed as a bridge.
  • Such a design has the advantage that it is structurally simple to implement. This can be done, for example, such that the switching element connects the switching contacts of a switch as a conductive bridge.
  • the glass bead prevents the biased by a spring force switching element leaves the position in which the switch contacts of the switch are connected. When a bursting of the glass ball of the spring travel of the preloaded spring is released, so that the spring force causes an opening of the circuit breaker.
  • the electric heating device is designed such that the glass bead contains a liquid expandable by thermal expansion, wherein the glass bead is destructible when exceeding the second overtemperature, and wherein the destruction of the glass bead biased by the spring switching element can be triggered.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that for biasing the switching mechanism in relation to the dimensions of the overtemperature switch large spring force can be absorbed by the undamaged glass bead, which is released but in the case of destruction of the glass bead abruptly to the opening of switch contacts. This allows reliable operation of the switch.
  • the electric heating device is designed such that the thermally triggered disconnect switch is arranged directly in a current path for the power supply of the heating element.
  • Such an arrangement offers a high degree of operational safety, since in the case of a direct interruption of the current path no intermediate switching means are to be actuated in comparison to an indirect or indirect interruption.
  • the electric heating device is designed such that the air channel for the purpose of forming a trough has an opening which is covered by a hat-shaped heat protection.
  • a small opening in relation to the cross section of the air duct causes only slight disturbances of the air flow.
  • a hat-shaped heat protection allows to record the second overtemperature switch and to close the air duct against leakage of the air flow from the air duct.
  • the electrical heating device is designed such that the air channel formed from sheet metal and / or the hat-shaped heat protection is formed by a cover plate.
  • a cover plate An example designed as a punch-bending element cover plate is heat resistant and at the same time easy and inexpensive to produce.
  • the electric heating device is designed such that the air flow in the air duct has a predetermined by the fan flow direction and the trough in Flow direction is arranged in front of the heating element. Triggering of the second overtemperature switch therefore essentially takes place on the basis of a radiation heat emitted by the heating element.
  • a fault case for example, in case of failure of the fan or in a blockage of the air duct, especially at the inlet or outlet, due to there befindlichem luggage, dirt or debris occur.
  • the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is arranged at the height of the heating element or behind the heating element.
  • Such an arrangement entails that the first overtemperature switch is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the heating element, so that at the location of the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is much more likely to measure a higher temperature than at the location of the second overtemperature switch.
  • the first, reversible switching over-temperature switch would trigger each before the second, irreversibly switching overtemperature switch, even at the same high temperatures for both overtemperature switch.
  • the electrical heating device is designed such that the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is arranged in front of and in relation to an installation direction provided, for example, in a rail vehicle, centrally above the heating element.
  • the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is arranged in front of and in relation to an installation direction provided, for example, in a rail vehicle, centrally above the heating element.
  • the electrical heating device is designed such that the air duct has an inlet and an outlet and a thermostat sensor for controlling the heating element is arranged centrally in the air flow in front of the outlet. Further advantageously, the thermostat sensor is closer to the outlet than arranged to the heating element. Such positioning of the thermostat sensor leads to a comparatively low disturbance of the homogeneity of the air flow and at the same time allows a representative detection of the temperature of the air flow emitted by the heater.
  • the thermostat sensor and the sensor of the first overtemperature switch are advantageously round, oval, drop-shaped or flat in their cross-section, since only a small flow resistance is formed in them in such an embodiment in the air duct.
  • the electric heating device is advantageously designed such that the air duct has guide plates for guiding the air flow.
  • the air duct has guide plates for guiding the air flow.
  • the air duct is optimized by the baffles so that its flow resistance is minimized.
  • the electric heater is advantageously designed such that the air duct is optimized by baffles such that the noise is minimized.
  • the electric heating device is designed such that the fan is arranged between the inlet and the heating element, wherein the fan is arranged within the air duct such that the distance between fan and heating element is sufficiently low, so that it can be flowed through by a homogeneous air flow, and the distance is sufficiently large to prevent thermal damage to the fan at temperatures below the second overtemperature.
  • the electric heating device is further designed such that the cross section of the air duct tapers to optimize the achievable air volume flow from the inlet and is expanded to the outlet.
  • Such a configuration allows a comparatively homogeneous and low-vortex and thus also low-noise delivery of the air flow to an environment outside the heater. This applies equally to the absorption of the air flow.
  • the electrical heating device is further configured such that the electrical heating device for signaling a fault has a signal / interference line in the form of a line loop, which is connected such that it is interrupted by the first and / or the second overtemperature switch in synchronism with the switching off of the heating element becomes.
  • a fault of the heating device can be signaled to a remote maintenance unit.
  • the second overtemperature switch has a further switch which can be triggered together with the switch for switching off the heating element by the switching mechanism and which is connected in such a way that the signal / fault line can be interrupted by it.
  • the first over-temperature switch also has two coupled switches, one of which is arranged for switching off the heating element and one for interrupting the signal / interference line.
  • the switch for interrupting the signal / interference line of the first overtemperature switch and a possible switch for interrupting the signal / interference line of the second overtemperature switch are connected in series, since in this way an efficient signaling of a malfunction is possible.
  • the electrical heating device has a two-part housing with two autonomous housing units, wherein the air duct is arranged in a first housing unit and arranged in a second housing unit connecting elements and wherein the opening between the first housing unit and the second housing unit is formed and the hat-shaped heat protection is arranged in the second housing unit.
  • the term electrical components to control the fan and the heating element, ie the thermostat and the overtemperature switch are summarized under the term connecting elements.
  • Such an embodiment offers the advantage that different climatic conditions are possible in both housing units. While a very warm, sometimes humid and also dusty climate is to be expected in the air duct, the electrical / electronic components of the connection elements require a low-humidity and low-dust climate.
  • the formation of self-contained, ie self-contained housing units, the climatic separation is easy to achieve.
  • the formation of the trough, ie the opening with the overlying cover plate to the side of the second housing unit has the advantage that in this way a trough arranged in the interior of the heater is formed and the outer shape of the heater is not changed by the trough.
  • such an alignment of the trough enables the arrangement of the second overtemperature switch in the second housing unit provided for connecting elements.
  • the housing units are advantageously designed in the form of two non-combustible, stacked trays. Apart from the implementation of leads, sensors, fans and heating element they are separated from each other. Such an arrangement provides a simple way of mounting / dismounting the heater.
  • Also provided according to the invention is a heating fan for sanitary facilities in rail vehicles, which has one of the electric heating devices described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electric heating device 1 for rail vehicles according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the figure essentially shows a rear view of the heating device 1 with the rear wall of a housing 16 not shown.
  • the heating device 1 has a two-part housing 16 with a first and a second housing unit 17, 18, which are designed to be self-sufficient.
  • the housing units 17, 18 are designed in the form of two non-combustible tanks arranged one above the other.
  • Fig. 1 is apparent in the first, in the Fig. 1 arranged below housing unit 17, an air duct 2 is formed.
  • the housing unit 17 has a in the Fig. 1 arranged on the right side inlet 12 and an outlet 13 arranged on the left side.
  • the air duct 2 extends in the air duct 2, a fan 3 is arranged, through which a flow direction 14 of an air flow, in the Fig. 1 from right to left, ie from the inlet 12 shown on the right to the outlet 13 shown on the left, is given.
  • Inlet 12 and outlet 13 are formed on the front side of the heater 1, so that they are partially covered by a baffle 15 in the rear view.
  • the housing 16 further includes a terminal 19 for a data connector and a power connector 20 as a power supply.
  • the heating device 1 comprises a thermostat sensor 5 and a heating element 4, both of which are arranged in the air duct 2.
  • a thermostat 6 for controlling the temperature of an outlet 13 flowing out the air stream is positioned.
  • the temperature in the air duct 2 is detected by the thermostat sensor 5, a signal is transmitted to the thermostat 6, and based on the thermostat 6, the heating element 4 driven, as explained in detail below.
  • the heating device 1 further comprises a first overtemperature switch 8, which is reversible.
  • the first overtemperature switch 8 comprises a sensor 7, which is arranged in the air duct 2 above the heating element 4.
  • the sensor 7 is designed as a temperature sensor.
  • the first over-temperature switch 8 is designed to interrupt the current path 21 at an overtemperature detected with the sensor 7.
  • an opener 306 of the thermostat 6 is arranged. Exceeds the temperature determined by the thermostat sensor 5 a vorgebare upper setpoint temperature, the current path 21 and thus the power supply of the heating element 4 interrupted via the opener 306. If the temperature determined by the thermostat sensor 5 falls below a predetermined lower setpoint temperature, the current path 21 is closed via the opener 306 and the power supply of the heating element 4 is made possible.
  • an opener 308 of the first, reversibly switching overtemperature switch 8 is arranged. If the temperature determined by the sensor 7 of the first overtemperature switch 8 exceeds a first overtemperature, the current path 21 and thus the power supply of the heating element 4 are interrupted via the opener 308. If the temperature determined by the sensor 7 of the first overtemperature switch 8 drops below the first overtemperature, the current path 21 is closed again via the opener 308 and the power supply of the heating element 4 is made possible again.
  • the heating device 1 further comprises a second over-temperature switch 10, which is designed to be irreversible.
  • the second over-temperature switch 10 includes a circuit breaker, which is not shown separately in the figures.
  • the second overtemperature switch 10 is arranged in the air channel 2 in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4. Since the overtemperature switch 10 is arranged in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4, this is flowed around in trouble-free operation only of cold air. Heating of the overtemperature switch 10 occurs in the event of heat buildup, i. at a reduction of the air duct 2 usually flowing through flow. The reason for this can be, for example, a fault in the fan 3 or foreign bodies in front of the inlet 12 or outlet 13 or in the air duct 2.
  • the second overtemperature switch 10 is thermally connected to the circuit breaker, so that a switching operation is triggered directly by a heat effect on overtemperature switch 10.
  • the circuit breaker comprises an irreversible switching mechanism which is not separate in the figures is shown, and a switch, which is designed as an opener 310 in this embodiment.
  • the switching mechanism comprises a spring-biased switching element and a glass bead containing a heat-expandable liquid.
  • the glass bead can be destroyed by thermal expansion of the expandable liquid when the second excess temperature is exceeded. Due to the destruction of the glass bead biased by the spring switching element can be triggered.
  • the switching element is designed as a bridge for opening the opener 310.
  • the opener 310 is arranged in the current path 21 of the heating element 4, so that the opener 310 of the second overtemperature switch 10 interrupts the current path 21 when actuated. Due to the irreversible operation of the circuit breaker, the interruption of the current path 21 is also irreversible. In a trouble-free operating mode, the opener 310 of the second overtemperature switch 10 is closed.
  • a line loop 24 a signal / fault line can be seen, which is connectable via terminals 23 with a monitoring or maintenance device.
  • the line loop 24 can be interrupted by an opener 308 of the first overtemperature switch 8 and thus signal a fault to a monitoring or maintenance device.
  • Fig. 1 the housing units 17, 18 are essentially separated from one another.
  • the heater 1 are arranged, ie thermostat 6, first overcurrent switch 8, second overcurrent switch 10 and terminal holder 11.
  • the housing units 17, 18 are feedthroughs of leads for the thermostat sensor 5, the sensor 7, the heating element 4 and the fan 3 arranged to connect to the power-on elements.
  • the housing units 17, 18 have a common opening 9, the opening 9 on the side of the second housing unit 18 being covered by a hat-shaped heat protection 22.
  • the hat-shaped heat protection 22 limits the propagation of the air flow through the opening 9.
  • the opening 9 is located in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4, so that the part of the air flow passing through the opening 9 is not heated in trouble-free operation.
  • heated air passes through the opening 9 into the space formed by the hat-shaped heat protection 22.
  • the second overtemperature switch 10 arranged there is heated by the back-stagnated air and interrupts the current path 21 if the second excess temperature is exceeded.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung zur Abgabe eines erwärmten Luftstromes, insbesondere zur Heizung eines Sanitärraumes in einem Schienenfahrzeug.The present invention relates to an electric heater for delivering a heated air flow, in particular for heating a sanitary room in a rail vehicle.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bekannte Heizvorrichtungen dieser Art weisen neben einem Thermostaten zur Temperierung des abgegebenen Luftstroms bereits häufig ein bis zwei Sicherungsstufen zum Schutz der Heizungsvorrichtung vor Überhitzung auf. Dabei wird die erste Sicherungsstufe in der Regel durch einen reversiblen Übertemperaturschalter realisiert, welcher nach Erreichen einer spezifizierten Übertemperatur über ein Relais die Stromzufuhr zu einem Heizelement innerhalb der Heizvorrichtung unterbricht. Nach Abkühlung des zumeist über einen Kaltleiter oder ein Bimetall ausgeführten reversiblen Übertemperaturschalters wird das Heizelement wieder aktiviert.Known heaters of this type, in addition to a thermostat for controlling the temperature of the discharged air flow already often one to two security levels to protect the heater from overheating. In this case, the first protection level is usually realized by a reversible overtemperature switch, which interrupts the power supply to a heating element within the heater after reaching a specified excess temperature via a relay. After cooling of the usually over a PTC thermistor or a bimetal running reversible overtemperature switch, the heating element is reactivated.

In einer zweiten Sicherheitsstufe schaltet ein sich nicht automatisch zurücksetzender irreversibler Übertemperaturschalter nach Erreichen einer spezifizierten zweiten Übertemperatur das Heizelement über ein zweites Relais spannungsfrei. Falls die hier angesteuerten Relais beispielsweise auf Grund von Alterungsprozessen, Kontaktbrand, oder - insbesondere in einem Sanitärraum - auf Grund von Korrosion versagen, kann es zu einer Überhitzung der Heizvorrichtung und gegebenenfalls zu einem Brandfall kommen.In a second security level, a non-automatically resetting irreversible over-temperature switch, after reaching a specified second overtemperature, disconnects the heating element via a second relay. If the relays controlled here, for example due to aging processes, contact burn, or - especially in a sanitary room - fail due to corrosion, it can lead to overheating of the heater and possibly to a fire.

Aus der Druckschrift US 3 622 752 A ist eine gattungsgemäße elektrische Heizvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 bekannt. Dokument WO 2008/025416 A1 offenbart einen irreversiblen Trennschalter. Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 41 17 762 A1 lehrt eine reversible Schutzvorrichtung in Form einer Glasfrittenhalterung.From the publication US Pat. No. 3,622,752 A a generic electric heating device according to the preamble of independent claim 1 is known. document WO 2008/025416 A1 discloses an irreversible disconnect switch. The publication DE 41 17 762 A1 teaches a reversible protection device in the form of a glass frit holder.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung anzugeben, die eine hohe Betriebssicherheit aufweist, und die insbesondere ein sichereres Trennen des Heizelements von der Stromversorgung ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide an electric heater, which has a high reliability, and in particular allows a safer separation of the heating element from the power supply.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß ist eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung zur Abgabe eines erwärmten Luftstromes vorgesehen, insbesondere zur Beheizung eines Sanitärraumes in einem Schienenfahrzeug, mit einem Luftkanal sowie einem Lüfter zur Erzeugung des Luftstromes, einem Heizelement zur Erwärmung des Luftstromes und einem ersten Übertemperaturschalter, wobei der Lüfter und das Heizelement in dem Luftkanal angeordnet sind, und wobei der erste Übertemperaturschalter ausgeführt ist, bei Überschreitung einer ersten Übertemperatur das Heizelement reversibel abzuschalten, weiter aufweisend einen zweiten Übertemperaturschalter, der ausgeführt ist, bei Überschreitung einer zweiten Übertemperatur das Heizelement irreversibel abzuschalten, und wobei an dem Luftkanal eine Mulde ausgebildet ist, der zweite Übertemperaturschalter in der Mulde angeordnet ist, und der zweite Übertemperaturschalter einen thermisch auslösbaren Trennschalter zum Abschalten des Heizelements aufweist, wobei der thermisch auslösbare Trennschalter durch eine bei Überschreitung der zweiten Übertemperatur zerberstende Glasperle auslösbar ist.According to the invention, an electric heating device for delivering a heated air flow is provided, in particular for heating a sanitary room in a rail vehicle, with an air duct and a fan for generating the air flow, a heating element for heating the air flow and a first overtemperature switch, wherein the fan and the heating element in arranged the air duct, and wherein the first overtemperature switch is designed to turn off the heating element reversible when exceeding a first overtemperature, further comprising a second overtemperature switch, which is designed to turn off the heating element irreversibly when exceeding a second overtemperature, and wherein at the air duct a trough is formed, the second overtemperature switch is arranged in the trough, and the second overtemperature switch has a thermally actuable disconnector for switching off the heating element, wherein the thermal releasable disconnect switch can be triggered by a bursting when exceeding the second overtemperature glass bead.

Gemäß dem Stand der Technik erfolgt eine Zu-/oder Abschaltung eines Heizelements häufig über ein Schütz bzw. ein Relais. Ein erster Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung besteht darin, dass eine Unterbrechung der Stromversorgung des Heizelements nicht über ein von einem zweiten Übertemperaturschalter angesteuertes Relais, sondern über den zweiten Übertemperaturschalter selbst erfolgt. Dies bedeutet, dass ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Relais entfällt. Der zweite Überstromschalter ist somit integral ausgeführt. Aus dieser Integration ergeben sich weitere Vorteile.According to the prior art, a connection or disconnection of a heating element is often carried out via a contactor or a relay. A first advantage of the heating device according to the invention is that an interruption of the power supply of the heating element does not take place via a relay controlled by a second overtemperature switch, but via the second overtemperature switch itself. This means that a known from the prior art relay is eliminated. The second overcurrent switch is thus integral. This integration provides further benefits.

So entfällt die elektrische Verbindung zwischen einem zweiten Übertemperatursensor sowie dem Relais. Desweiteren entfällt der Spulenantrieb des Relais. Durch den Entfall dieser Komponenten entfallen entsprechende Fehlerquellen, da der Trennschalter nicht elektrisch, sondern thermisch auslösbar ist.This eliminates the electrical connection between a second overtemperature sensor and the relay. Furthermore deleted the coil drive of the relay. The elimination of these components eliminates corresponding sources of error, since the circuit breaker is not electrically, but thermally triggered.

Der Luftkanal der erfindungsgemäßen Heizvorrichtung weist eine Mulde auf, in der der zweite Übertemperaturschalter angeordnet ist. Dabei ist die Mulde mit dem zweiten Übertemperaturschalter vorteilhaft derart ausgebildet, dass der Übertemperaturschalter im Wesentlichen neben dem Luftstrom angeordnet ist. Mit anderen Worten ist der zweite Übertemperarturschalter derart in einer Mulde des Luftkanals angeordnet, dass der Luftstrom im Wesentlichen von dem zweiten Übertemperaturschalter ungehindert an diesem vorbeiströmen kann. Vorteilhaft ist der zweite Übertemperaturschalter derart in einer Mulde des Luftkanals angeordnet, dass der durch den zweiten Übertemperaturschalter ausgebildete Strömungswiderstand vernachlässigbar gering ist. Dieses Merkmal bietet den Vorteil, dass durch den zweiten Übertemperaturschalter nahezu keine Verwirbelung des Luftstroms erfolgt. Dies erlaubt bei gleicher Lüfterleistung einen vergleichsweise hohen Luftdurchsatz sowie geringe durch den Luftstrom bedingte Betriebsgeräusche.The air duct of the heating device according to the invention has a trough in which the second overtemperature switch is arranged. The trough with the second overtemperature switch is advantageously designed such that the overtemperature switch is arranged substantially adjacent to the air flow. In other words, the second overtemperature switch is arranged in a depression of the air duct such that the air flow can flow past it substantially unhindered by the second overtemperature switch. Advantageously, the second overtemperature switch is arranged in a depression of the air duct such that the flow resistance formed by the second overtemperature switch is negligibly small. This feature offers the advantage that almost no turbulence of the air flow takes place through the second overtemperature switch. This allows for the same fan power a comparatively high air flow and low due to the air flow operating noise.

Die Auslösung des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters durch eine zerberstende Glaskugel als Aktuator bietet den Vorteil, dass auf Grund der spröden Eigenschaft von Glas keine allmähliche, sondern eine abrupte Formänderung des Aktuators erfolgt. Eine allmählich ansteigende Temperatur führt bei Überschreitung der zweiten Übertemperatur zu einer irreversiblen und abrupten Formänderung der Glaskugel, so dass der Trennschalter abrupt auslösbar ist. Die Gefahr von klebenden Kontakten oder der Ausbildung von Lichtbögen kann auf diese Weise reduziert werden.The triggering of the second overtemperature switch by a bursting glass ball as an actuator offers the advantage that due to the brittle property of glass is not gradual, but an abrupt change in shape of the actuator. A gradually increasing temperature leads to an irreversible and abrupt change in shape of the glass sphere when the second excess temperature is exceeded, so that the disconnect switch can be triggered abruptly. The risk of sticky contacts or the formation of arcs can be reduced in this way.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Trennschalter einen Schaltmechanismus mit einem durch eine Feder vorgespannten Schaltelement und einen Schalter aufweist, wobei der Schaltmechanismus ausgeführt ist, bei seiner Auslösung den Schalter über das Schaltelement irreversibel zu öffnen.Advantageously, the electrical heating device is designed such that the circuit breaker has a switching mechanism with a biased by a spring switching element and a switch, wherein the switching mechanism executed is to open the switch on the switching element irreversible when it tripped.

In einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung, die auch im Sanitärbereich betreibbar sein soll, sind derartige Maßnahmen von Vorteil, die ein sicheres Öffnen eines Trennschalters unterstützen. Eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung, bei welcher ein durch eine Feder vorgespannter Schaltmechanismus ein Öffnen eines Schalter auslösen kann, bietet den Vorteil, dass bei einer Auslösung des Übertemperaturschalters die in der vorgespannten Feder gespeicherte Energie für die Aufbringung einer Kraft zur Verfügung steht, mit welcher eine Trennung der Kontakte des Schalters durchgeführt bzw. unterstützt werden kann. Sie bietet damit besonders in Anwendungsfällen einen Vorteil, in denen es auf Grund von erhöhten Korrosionsbedingungen, aber auch auf Grund von Alterungsprozessen oder Kontaktbrand zu einem "Kleben" oder "Verbacken" von stromführenden Kontakten kommen kann. Der Schalter ist vorzugsweise als Öffner ausgeführt. Prinzipiell ist jedoch auch die Verwendung eines Umschalters möglich, wobei die Umschaltfunktion nicht genutzt wird. Das Schaltelement ist vorzugsweise als Brücke ausgeführt. Eine derartige Ausbildung bietet den Vorteil, dass sie konstruktiv einfach umzusetzen ist. Dies kann beispielsweise derart erfolgen, dass das Schaltelement als leitende Brücke die Schaltkontakte eines Schalters verbindet. Dabei verhindert die Glasperle, dass das durch eine Federkraft vorgespannte Schaltelement die Position verlässt, in welcher die Schaltkontakte des Schalters verbunden sind. Bei einem Zerbersten der Glaskugel wird der Federweg der vorgespannten Feder freigegeben, so dass die Federkraft ein Öffnen des Trennschalters bewirkt.In an electric heating device, which should also be operable in the sanitary area, such measures are advantageous to support a safe opening of a circuit breaker. An electrical heating device in which a spring-biased switching mechanism can trigger opening of a switch has the advantage that, when the over-temperature switch is triggered, the energy stored in the pre-stressed spring is available for applying a force with which to disconnect Contacts of the switch can be performed or supported. It thus offers an advantage, in particular in applications in which, due to increased corrosion conditions, but also due to aging processes or contact firing, "sticking" or "caking" of current-carrying contacts can occur. The switch is preferably designed as an opener. In principle, however, the use of a switch is possible, the switching function is not used. The switching element is preferably designed as a bridge. Such a design has the advantage that it is structurally simple to implement. This can be done, for example, such that the switching element connects the switching contacts of a switch as a conductive bridge. The glass bead prevents the biased by a spring force switching element leaves the position in which the switch contacts of the switch are connected. When a bursting of the glass ball of the spring travel of the preloaded spring is released, so that the spring force causes an opening of the circuit breaker.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass die Glasperle eine sich über Wärmeausdehnung expandierbare Flüssigkeit enthält, wobei die Glasperle beim Überschreiten der zweiten Übertemperatur zerstörbar ist, und wobei durch die Zerstörung der Glasperle das durch die Feder vorgespannte Schaltelement auslösbar ist.Advantageously, the electric heating device is designed such that the glass bead contains a liquid expandable by thermal expansion, wherein the glass bead is destructible when exceeding the second overtemperature, and wherein the destruction of the glass bead biased by the spring switching element can be triggered.

Diese Ausführung bietet den Vorteil, dass zur Vorspannung des Schaltmechanismus eine in Relation zu den Dimensionen des Übertemperaturschalters große Federkraft durch die unzerstörte Glasperle aufgenommen werden kann, welche aber im Falle der Zerstörung der Glasperle schlagartig zur Öffnung von Schalterkontakten freigesetzt wird. Dies ermöglicht eine zuverlässige Betätigung des Schalters.This embodiment has the advantage that for biasing the switching mechanism in relation to the dimensions of the overtemperature switch large spring force can be absorbed by the undamaged glass bead, which is released but in the case of destruction of the glass bead abruptly to the opening of switch contacts. This allows reliable operation of the switch.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der thermisch auslösbare Trennschalter direkt in einem Strompfad zur Stromversorgung des Heizelements angeordnet ist. Eine derartige Anordnung bietet ein hohes Maß an Betriebssicherheit, da bei einer direkten Unterbrechung des Strompfads im Vergleich zu einer indirekten oder mittelbaren Unterbrechung keine zwischengeschalteten Schaltmittel zu betätigen sind.Advantageously, the electric heating device is designed such that the thermally triggered disconnect switch is arranged directly in a current path for the power supply of the heating element. Such an arrangement offers a high degree of operational safety, since in the case of a direct interruption of the current path no intermediate switching means are to be actuated in comparison to an indirect or indirect interruption.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftkanal zwecks Ausbildung einer Mulde eine Öffnung aufweist, die durch einen hutförmigen Hitzeschutz überdeckt ist. Insbesondere eine im Verhältnis zum Querschnitt des Luftkanals kleine Öffnung verursacht nur geringe Störungen des Luftstroms. Desweiteren erlaubt ein hutförmiger Hitzeschutz, den zweiten Übertemperaturschalter aufzunehmen und den Luftkanal gegen einen Austritt des Luftstroms aus dem Luftkanal zu verschließen.Advantageously, the electric heating device is designed such that the air channel for the purpose of forming a trough has an opening which is covered by a hat-shaped heat protection. In particular, a small opening in relation to the cross section of the air duct causes only slight disturbances of the air flow. Furthermore, a hat-shaped heat protection allows to record the second overtemperature switch and to close the air duct against leakage of the air flow from the air duct.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftkanal aus Blech ausgebildet und/oder der hutförmige Hitzeschutz durch ein Abdeckblech ausgebildet ist. Ein beispielsweise als Stanz-Biege-Element ausgeführtes Abdeckblech ist hitzebeständig und zugleich einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar.Advantageously, the electrical heating device is designed such that the air channel formed from sheet metal and / or the hat-shaped heat protection is formed by a cover plate. An example designed as a punch-bending element cover plate is heat resistant and at the same time easy and inexpensive to produce.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftstrom in dem Luftkanal eine durch den Lüfter vorgebbare Strömungsrichtung aufweist und die Mulde in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Heizelement angeordnet ist. Ein Auslösen des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters erfolgt daher im Wesentlichen auf Grund einer von dem Heizelement abgegebenen Strahlungswärme. Ein solcher Störungsfall kann beispielsweise bei einem Ausfall des Lüfters oder bei einer Verstopfung des Luftkanals, insbesondere an dessen Einlass oder Auslass, auf Grund von dort befindlichem Gepäck, Schmutz oder Unrat auftreten.Advantageously, the electric heating device is designed such that the air flow in the air duct has a predetermined by the fan flow direction and the trough in Flow direction is arranged in front of the heating element. Triggering of the second overtemperature switch therefore essentially takes place on the basis of a radiation heat emitted by the heating element. Such a fault case, for example, in case of failure of the fan or in a blockage of the air duct, especially at the inlet or outlet, due to there befindlichem luggage, dirt or debris occur.

Vorteilhaft ist der Sensor des ersten Übertemperaturschalters auf der Höhe des Heizelements oder hinter dem Heizelement angeordnet. Eine derartige Anordnung bringt es mit sich, dass der erste Übertemperaturschalter in unmittelbarer Nähe des Heizelements angeordnet ist, so dass am Ort des Sensors des ersten Übertemperaturschalters sehr viel eher eine höhere Temperatur zu messen ist als an dem Ort des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters. Dadurch würde selbst bei gleichhohen vorgegebenen Übertemperaturen für beide Übertemperaturschalter der erste, reversible schaltende Übertemperaturschalter jeweils vor dem zweiten, irreversibel schaltenden Übertemperaturschalter auslösen.Advantageously, the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is arranged at the height of the heating element or behind the heating element. Such an arrangement entails that the first overtemperature switch is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the heating element, so that at the location of the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is much more likely to measure a higher temperature than at the location of the second overtemperature switch. As a result, the first, reversible switching over-temperature switch would trigger each before the second, irreversibly switching overtemperature switch, even at the same high temperatures for both overtemperature switch.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Sensor des ersten Übertemperaturschalters vor und im Bezug zu einer beispielsweise in einem Schienenfahrzeug vorgesehenen Einbaurichtung mittig über dem Heizelement angeordnet ist. Bei einem Ausfall der Luftströmung herrscht an dieser Stelle auf Grund der Wärmekonvektion die höchste Temperatur, wodurch ein schnelles Anspringen des ersten Übertemperaturschalters erreicht werden kann.Advantageously, the electrical heating device is designed such that the sensor of the first overtemperature switch is arranged in front of and in relation to an installation direction provided, for example, in a rail vehicle, centrally above the heating element. In the event of a failure of the air flow prevails at this point due to the heat convection, the highest temperature, whereby a quick start of the first overtemperature switch can be achieved.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftkanal einen Einlass und einen Auslass aufweist und ein Thermostatsensor zur Steuerung des Heizelements mittig im Luftstrom vor dem Auslass angeordnet ist. Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist der Thermostatsensor dabei zum Auslass näher als zum Heizelement angeordnet. Eine derartige Positionierung des Thermostatsensors führt zu einer vergleichsweise geringen Störung der Homogenität des Luftstroms und erlaubt gleichzeitig eine repräsentative Erfassung der Temperatur des von der Heizvorrichtung abgegebenen Luftstroms.Further advantageously, the electrical heating device is designed such that the air duct has an inlet and an outlet and a thermostat sensor for controlling the heating element is arranged centrally in the air flow in front of the outlet. Further advantageously, the thermostat sensor is closer to the outlet than arranged to the heating element. Such positioning of the thermostat sensor leads to a comparatively low disturbance of the homogeneity of the air flow and at the same time allows a representative detection of the temperature of the air flow emitted by the heater.

Vorteilhaft sind der Thermostatsensor sowie der Sensor des ersten Übertemperaturschalters vorteilhaft in ihrem Querschnitt rund, oval, tropfenförmig oder flach ausgebildet, da durch sie bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung im Luftkanal nur ein geringer Strömungswiederstand ausgebildet wird.Advantageously, the thermostat sensor and the sensor of the first overtemperature switch are advantageously round, oval, drop-shaped or flat in their cross-section, since only a small flow resistance is formed in them in such an embodiment in the air duct.

Ferner ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung vorteilhaft derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftkanal Leitbleche zur Führung des Luftstromes aufweist. Durch eine entsprechende Anordnung von Führungsblechen können Störungen in der Homogenität des Luftstroms vermieden oder zumindest reduziert werden, wenn der Luftkanal Richtungswechsel, Engstellen oder störende Elemente, beispielsweise in Form der Sensoren aufweist.Furthermore, the electric heating device is advantageously designed such that the air duct has guide plates for guiding the air flow. By an appropriate arrangement of guide plates disturbances in the homogeneity of the air flow can be avoided or at least reduced if the air duct direction change, bottlenecks or interfering elements, for example in the form of the sensors.

Vorteilhaft ist der Luftkanal durch die Leitbleche derart optimiert, dass sein Strömungswiderstand minimiert ist. Desweiteren ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung vorteilhaft derart ausgebildet, dass der Luftkanal durch Leitbleche derart optimiert ist, dass die Geräuschentwicklung minimiert ist.Advantageously, the air duct is optimized by the baffles so that its flow resistance is minimized. Furthermore, the electric heater is advantageously designed such that the air duct is optimized by baffles such that the noise is minimized.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass der Lüfter zwischen dem Einlass und dem Heizelement angeordnet ist, wobei der Lüfter innerhalb des Luftkanals derart angeordnet ist, dass die Distanz zwischen Lüfter und Heizelement ausreichend gering ist, damit dieses von einer homogenen Luftströmung durchströmbar ist, und die Distanz ausreichend groß ist, um bei Temperaturen unterhalb der zweiten Übertemperatur eine Beschädigung des Lüfters durch Wärmestrahlung zu verhindern. Eine derartige Anordnung ermöglicht einen sicheren und zugleich kompakten, kurzen Aufbau der Heizvorrichtung.Advantageously, the electric heating device is designed such that the fan is arranged between the inlet and the heating element, wherein the fan is arranged within the air duct such that the distance between fan and heating element is sufficiently low, so that it can be flowed through by a homogeneous air flow, and the distance is sufficiently large to prevent thermal damage to the fan at temperatures below the second overtemperature. Such an arrangement allows a safe and at the same time compact, short construction of the heater.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung ferner derart ausgebildet, dass der Querschnitt des Luftkanals zur Optimierung des erzielbaren Luftvolumenstroms vom Einlass her verjüngt und zum Auslass hin aufgeweitet ist. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung ermöglicht eine vergleichsweise homogene und wirbelarme und somit auch geräuscharme Abgabe des Luftstroms an eine Umgebung außerhalb der Heizvorrichtung. Dies gilt in gleicher Weise für die Aufnahme des Luftstroms.Advantageously, the electric heating device is further designed such that the cross section of the air duct tapers to optimize the achievable air volume flow from the inlet and is expanded to the outlet. Such a configuration allows a comparatively homogeneous and low-vortex and thus also low-noise delivery of the air flow to an environment outside the heater. This applies equally to the absorption of the air flow.

Vorteilhaft ist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung ferner derart ausgebildet, dass die elektrische Heizvorrichtung zur Signalisierung eines Störfalles eine Signal-/Störleitung in Form einer Leitungsschleife aufweist, welche derart beschaltet ist, dass sie synchron zur Abschaltung des Heizelements durch den ersten und/oder den zweiten Übertemperaturschalter unterbrochen wird. Über eine derartige Signal-/Störleitung kann einer entfernt liegenden Wartungseinheit eine Störung der Heizvorrichtung signalisiert werden. Vorteilhaft weist der zweite Übertemperaturschalters einen weiteren Schalter auf, welcher mit dem Schalter zur Abschaltung des Heizelements gemeinsam durch den Schaltmechanismus auslösbar ist und der derart beschaltet ist, dass durch ihn die Signal-/Störleitung unterbrechbar ist. In gleicher Weise vorteilhaft weist auch der erste Übertemperaturschalter zwei gekoppelte Schalter auf, von denen einer zur Abschaltung Heizelements und einer zur Unterbrechung der Signal-/Störleitung angeordnet ist.Advantageously, the electrical heating device is further configured such that the electrical heating device for signaling a fault has a signal / interference line in the form of a line loop, which is connected such that it is interrupted by the first and / or the second overtemperature switch in synchronism with the switching off of the heating element becomes. By means of such a signal / interference line, a fault of the heating device can be signaled to a remote maintenance unit. Advantageously, the second overtemperature switch has a further switch which can be triggered together with the switch for switching off the heating element by the switching mechanism and which is connected in such a way that the signal / fault line can be interrupted by it. In the same way, the first over-temperature switch also has two coupled switches, one of which is arranged for switching off the heating element and one for interrupting the signal / interference line.

Vorteilhaft sind der Schalter zur Unterbrechung der Signal-/Störleitung des ersten Übertemperaturschalters und ein möglicher Schalter zur Unterbrechung der Signal-/Störleitung des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters in Serie geschaltet, da auf diese Weise eine effiziente Signalisierung einer Fehlfunktion möglich ist.Advantageously, the switch for interrupting the signal / interference line of the first overtemperature switch and a possible switch for interrupting the signal / interference line of the second overtemperature switch are connected in series, since in this way an efficient signaling of a malfunction is possible.

Vorteilhaft weist die elektrische Heizvorrichtung ein zweiteiliges Gehäuse mit zwei autarken Gehäuseeinheiten auf, wobei in einer ersten Gehäuseeinheit der Luftkanal angeordnet ist und in einer zweiten Gehäuseeinheit Anschaltelemente angeordnet sind, und wobei die Öffnung zwischen der ersten Gehäuseeinheit und der zweiten Gehäuseeinheit ausgebildet ist und der hutförmige Hitzeschutz in der zweiten Gehäuseeinheit angeordnet ist. Dabei werden unter dem Begriff Anschaltelemente die elektrischen Komponenten zur Ansteuerung des Lüfters und des Heizelements, d.h. das Thermostat und die Übertemperaturschalter zusammengefasst. Eine derartige Ausführung bietet den Vorteil, dass in beiden Gehäuseeinheiten unterschiedliche klimatische Verhältnisse möglich sind. Während im Luftkanal ein sehr warmes, mitunter feuchtes und auch staubiges Klima zu erwarten ist, erfordert die Elektrik/Elektronik der Anschaltelemente ein feuchtigkeitsarmes und staubarmes Klima. Durch die Ausbildung autarker, d.h. für sich geschlossener Gehäuseeinheiten ist die klimatische Trennung auf einfache Weise zu erzielen. Die Ausbildung der Mulde, d.h. der Öffnung mit dem darüber liegenden Abdeckblech zu der Seite der zweiten Gehäuseeinheit bietet den Vorteil, dass auf diese Weise eine im Inneren der Heizvorrichtung angeordnete Mulde ausgebildet wird und die äußere Form der Heizvorrichtung durch die Mulde nicht verändert wird. Zum anderen wird durch eine derartige Ausrichtung der Mulde die Anordnung des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters in der zweiten, für Anschaltelemente vorgesehenen Gehäuseeinheit ermöglicht.Advantageously, the electrical heating device has a two-part housing with two autonomous housing units, wherein the air duct is arranged in a first housing unit and arranged in a second housing unit connecting elements and wherein the opening between the first housing unit and the second housing unit is formed and the hat-shaped heat protection is arranged in the second housing unit. In this case, the term electrical components to control the fan and the heating element, ie the thermostat and the overtemperature switch are summarized under the term connecting elements. Such an embodiment offers the advantage that different climatic conditions are possible in both housing units. While a very warm, sometimes humid and also dusty climate is to be expected in the air duct, the electrical / electronic components of the connection elements require a low-humidity and low-dust climate. The formation of self-contained, ie self-contained housing units, the climatic separation is easy to achieve. The formation of the trough, ie the opening with the overlying cover plate to the side of the second housing unit has the advantage that in this way a trough arranged in the interior of the heater is formed and the outer shape of the heater is not changed by the trough. On the other hand, such an alignment of the trough enables the arrangement of the second overtemperature switch in the second housing unit provided for connecting elements.

Ferner sind die Gehäuseeinheiten vorteilhaft in Form zweier nicht brennbarer, übereinander angeordneter Wannen ausgeführt. Abgesehen von der Durchführung von Zuleitungen, Sensoren, Lüfter und Heizelement sind diese voneinander getrennt. Eine derartige Anordnung bietet eine einfache Möglichkeit der Montage/Demontage der Heizvorrichtung.Furthermore, the housing units are advantageously designed in the form of two non-combustible, stacked trays. Apart from the implementation of leads, sensors, fans and heating element they are separated from each other. Such an arrangement provides a simple way of mounting / dismounting the heater.

Erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen ist ferner ein Heizlüfter für Sanitäreinrichtungen in Schienenfahrzeugen, der eine der zuvor beschriebenen elektrischen Heizvorrichtungen aufweist.Also provided according to the invention is a heating fan for sanitary facilities in rail vehicles, which has one of the electric heating devices described above.

Durch die einfache und robuste, gleichzeitig aber betriebssichere und effiziente Ausführung der zuvor beschrieben elektrischen Heizvorrichtung ist diese für den Einsatz in Schienenfahrzeugen geeignet. Vorteilhaft sind die hohen Brandschutzanforderungen nach DIN EN 45545-5, Brandschutz im Schienenfahrzeugbau durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung der beschriebenen Heizvorrichtung erfüllbar.Due to the simple and robust, but at the same time operationally reliable and efficient execution of the electric heater described above, this is for use in rail vehicles suitable. Advantageously, the high fire protection requirements according to DIN EN 45545-5, fire protection in rail vehicle by a corresponding embodiment of the described heating device can be fulfilled.

Beispiele und ZeichnungenExamples and drawings

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegenden Zeichnungen anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Rückansicht einer elektrischen Heizvorrichtung gemäß einer ersten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und
Fig. 2
einen funktionellen Schaltplan des Ausführungsbeispiels aus Fig. 1.
Show it
Fig. 1
a rear view of an electric heater according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 2
a functional circuit diagram of the embodiment Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt eine elektrische Heizvorrichtung 1 für Schienenfahrzeuge gemäß einer ersten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Die Figur zeigt im Wesentlichen eine Rückansicht der Heizvorrichtung 1 bei nicht dargestellter Rückwand eines Gehäuses 16. Fig. 1 shows an electric heating device 1 for rail vehicles according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention. The figure essentially shows a rear view of the heating device 1 with the rear wall of a housing 16 not shown.

Dabei ist aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich, dass die Heizvorrichtung 1 ein zweiteilig aufgebautes Gehäuse 16 mit einer ersten und zweiten Gehäuseeinheit 17, 18 aufweist, die autark ausgebildet sind. Die Gehäuseeinheiten 17, 18 sind in Form zweier nicht brennbarer, übereinander angeordneter Wannen ausgeführt.It is from the FIG. 1 it can be seen that the heating device 1 has a two-part housing 16 with a first and a second housing unit 17, 18, which are designed to be self-sufficient. The housing units 17, 18 are designed in the form of two non-combustible tanks arranged one above the other.

Wie im Detail aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, ist in der ersten, in der Fig. 1 unten angeordneten Gehäuseeinheit 17 ein Luftkanal 2 ausgebildet. Weiter weist die Gehäuseeinheit 17 einen in der Fig. 1 auf der rechten Seite angeordneter Einlass 12 und einen auf der linken Seite angeordneter Auslass 13 auf. Zwischen dem Einlass 12 und dem Auslass 13 erstreckt sich der Luftkanal 2. In dem Luftkanal 2 ist ein Lüfter 3 angeordnet, durch den eine Strömungsrichtung 14 eines Luftstroms, in der Fig. 1 von rechts nach links, d.h. vom rechts dargestellten Einlass 12 zum links dargestellten Auslass 13, vorgegeben ist. Einlass 12 sowie Auslass 13 sind auf der Vorderseite der Heizvorrichtung 1 ausgebildet, so dass diese bei der rückwärtigen Darstellung teilweise durch je ein Leitblech 15 verdeckt sind.As in detail Fig. 1 is apparent in the first, in the Fig. 1 arranged below housing unit 17, an air duct 2 is formed. Next, the housing unit 17 has a in the Fig. 1 arranged on the right side inlet 12 and an outlet 13 arranged on the left side. Between the inlet 12 and the outlet 13, the air duct 2 extends in the air duct 2, a fan 3 is arranged, through which a flow direction 14 of an air flow, in the Fig. 1 from right to left, ie from the inlet 12 shown on the right to the outlet 13 shown on the left, is given. Inlet 12 and outlet 13 are formed on the front side of the heater 1, so that they are partially covered by a baffle 15 in the rear view.

Wie in der Fig. 1 dargestellt, weist das Gehäuse 16 ferner einen Anschluss 19 für einen Datenstecker sowie einen Netzanschluss 20 als Stromversorgung auf.Like in the Fig. 1 illustrated, the housing 16 further includes a terminal 19 for a data connector and a power connector 20 as a power supply.

Die Heizvorrichtung 1 umfasst einen Thermostatsensor 5 und ein Heizelement 4, die beide im dem Luftkanal 2 angeordnet sind. In der zweiten, in der Fig. 1 oben angeordneten Gehäuseeinheit 18 ist ein Thermostat 6 zur Regelung der Temperatur eines am Auslass 13 ausströmenden Luftstroms positioniert. Dazu wird von dem Thermostatsensor 5 die Temperatur in dem Luftkanal 2 erfasst, ein Signal an den Thermostat 6 übertragen, und darauf basierend von dem Thermostat 6 das Heizelement 4 angesteuert, wie nachfolgend im Detail erläutert.The heating device 1 comprises a thermostat sensor 5 and a heating element 4, both of which are arranged in the air duct 2. In the second, in the Fig. 1 arranged above housing unit 18 is a thermostat 6 for controlling the temperature of an outlet 13 flowing out the air stream is positioned. For this purpose, the temperature in the air duct 2 is detected by the thermostat sensor 5, a signal is transmitted to the thermostat 6, and based on the thermostat 6, the heating element 4 driven, as explained in detail below.

Die Heizvorrichtung 1 umfasst weiterhin einen ersten Übertemperaturschalter 8, der reversibel ausgeführt ist. Der erste Übertemperaturschalter 8 umfasst einen Sensor 7, der in dem Luftkanal 2 über dem Heizelement 4 angeordnet ist. Der Sensor 7 ist als Temperatursensor ausgeführt. Wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, verbindet der Strompfad 21 das Heizelement 4 mit dem Netzanschluss 20. Der erste Übertemperaturschalter 8 ist ausgeführt, den Strompfad 21 bei einer mit dem Sensor 7 detektierten Übertemperatur zu unterbrechen.The heating device 1 further comprises a first overtemperature switch 8, which is reversible. The first overtemperature switch 8 comprises a sensor 7, which is arranged in the air duct 2 above the heating element 4. The sensor 7 is designed as a temperature sensor. As in Fig. 2 The first over-temperature switch 8 is designed to interrupt the current path 21 at an overtemperature detected with the sensor 7.

Weiterhin ist in dem Strompfad 21 ein Öffner 306 des Thermostates 6 angeordnet. Übersteigt die vom Thermostatsensor 5 ermittelte Temperatur eine vorgebare obere Solltemperatur, wird der Strompfad 21 und damit die Stromversorgung des Heizelements 4 über den Öffner 306 unterbrochen. Unterschreitet die vom Thermostatsensor 5 ermittelte Temperatur eine vorgebare untere Solltemperatur, wird der Strompfad 21 über den Öffner 306 geschlossen und die Stromversorgung des Heizelements 4 ermöglicht.Furthermore, in the current path 21, an opener 306 of the thermostat 6 is arranged. Exceeds the temperature determined by the thermostat sensor 5 a vorgebare upper setpoint temperature, the current path 21 and thus the power supply of the heating element 4 interrupted via the opener 306. If the temperature determined by the thermostat sensor 5 falls below a predetermined lower setpoint temperature, the current path 21 is closed via the opener 306 and the power supply of the heating element 4 is made possible.

Ferner ist in dem Strompfad 21 ein Öffner 308 des ersten, reversibel schaltenden Übertemperaturschalters 8 angeordnet. Übersteigt die vom Sensor 7 des ersten Übertemperaturschalters 8 ermittelte Temperatur eine erste Übertemperatur, wird der Strompfad 21 und damit die Stromversorgung des Heizelements 4 über den Öffner 308 unterbrochen. Unterschreitet die vom Sensor 7 des ersten Übertemperaturschalters 8 ermittelte Temperatur die erste Übertemperatur, wird der Strompfad 21 über den Öffner 308 wieder geschlossen und die Stromversorgung des Heizelements 4 wieder ermöglicht.Further, in the current path 21, an opener 308 of the first, reversibly switching overtemperature switch 8 is arranged. If the temperature determined by the sensor 7 of the first overtemperature switch 8 exceeds a first overtemperature, the current path 21 and thus the power supply of the heating element 4 are interrupted via the opener 308. If the temperature determined by the sensor 7 of the first overtemperature switch 8 drops below the first overtemperature, the current path 21 is closed again via the opener 308 and the power supply of the heating element 4 is made possible again.

Die Heizvorrichtung 1 umfasst weiterhin einen zweiten Übertemperaturschalter 10, der irreversibel ausgeführt ist. Der zweite Übertemperaturschalter 10 umfasst einen Trennschalter, der in den Figuren nicht separat dargestellt ist. Der zweite Übertemperaturschalters 10 ist in dem Luftkanal 2 in Strömungsrichtung 14 vor dem Heizelement 4 angeordnet. Da der Übertemperaturschalter 10 in Strömungsrichtung 14 vor dem Heizelement 4 angeordnet ist, wird dieser im störungsfreien Betrieb nur von kalter Luft umströmt. Eine Erhitzung des Übertemperaturschalters 10 erfolgt im Falle eines Wärmestaus, d.h. bei einer Verminderung eines den Luftkanal 2 üblicherweise durchströmenden Volumenstromes. Die Ursache dafür können beispielsweise eine Störung des Lüfters 3 oder Fremdkörper vor Einlass 12 oder Auslass 13 bzw. im Luftkanal 2 sein.The heating device 1 further comprises a second over-temperature switch 10, which is designed to be irreversible. The second over-temperature switch 10 includes a circuit breaker, which is not shown separately in the figures. The second overtemperature switch 10 is arranged in the air channel 2 in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4. Since the overtemperature switch 10 is arranged in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4, this is flowed around in trouble-free operation only of cold air. Heating of the overtemperature switch 10 occurs in the event of heat buildup, i. at a reduction of the air duct 2 usually flowing through flow. The reason for this can be, for example, a fault in the fan 3 or foreign bodies in front of the inlet 12 or outlet 13 or in the air duct 2.

Der zweite Übertemperaturschalter 10 ist thermisch mit dem Trennschalter verbunden, so dass durch eine Wärmeeinwirkung auf Übertemperaturschalter 10 unmittelbar ein Schaltvorgang ausgelöst wird. Dazu umfasst der Trennschalter einen irreversiblen Schaltmechanismus, der in den Figuren nicht separat dargestellt ist, und einen Schalter, der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als Öffner 310 ausgeführt ist.The second overtemperature switch 10 is thermally connected to the circuit breaker, so that a switching operation is triggered directly by a heat effect on overtemperature switch 10. For this purpose, the circuit breaker comprises an irreversible switching mechanism which is not separate in the figures is shown, and a switch, which is designed as an opener 310 in this embodiment.

Im Detail umfasst der Schaltmechanismus ein durch eine Feder vorgespanntes Schaltelement und eine Glasperle, die eine sich über Wärmeausdehnung expandierbare Flüssigkeit enthält. Die Glasperle ist durch Wärmeausdehnung der expandierbaren Flüssigkeit beim Überschreiten der zweiten Übertemperatur zerstörbar. Durch die Zerstörung der Glasperle ist das durch die Feder vorgespannte Schaltelement auslösbar. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Schaltelement als Brücke zum Öffnen des Öffners 310 ausgeführt.In detail, the switching mechanism comprises a spring-biased switching element and a glass bead containing a heat-expandable liquid. The glass bead can be destroyed by thermal expansion of the expandable liquid when the second excess temperature is exceeded. Due to the destruction of the glass bead biased by the spring switching element can be triggered. In this embodiment, the switching element is designed as a bridge for opening the opener 310.

Wie aus dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten funktionellen Schaltplan der der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Heizvorrichtung 1 ersichtlich, ist der Öffner 310 in dem Strompfad 21 des Heizelements 4 angeordnet, sodass der Öffner 310 des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters 10 den Strompfad 21 bei Betätigung unterbricht. Aufgrund der irreversiblen Betätigung des Trennschalters ist die Unterbrechung des Strompfads 21 ebenfalls irreversibel. In einem störungsfreien Betriebsmodus ist der Öffner 310 des zweiten Übertemperaturschalters 10 geschlossen.As from the in Fig. 2 shown functional circuit diagram of the in Fig. 1 1, the opener 310 is arranged in the current path 21 of the heating element 4, so that the opener 310 of the second overtemperature switch 10 interrupts the current path 21 when actuated. Due to the irreversible operation of the circuit breaker, the interruption of the current path 21 is also irreversible. In a trouble-free operating mode, the opener 310 of the second overtemperature switch 10 is closed.

Desweiteren ist aus Fig. 2 eine Leitungsschleife 24 einer Signal-/Störleitung ersichtlich, die über Anschlussklemmen 23 mit einer Überwachungs- oder Wartungseinrichtung verbindbar ist. Die Leitungsschleife 24 kann von einem Öffner 308 des ersten Übertemperaturschalters 8 unterbrochen werden und damit einen Störungsfall an eine Überwachungs- oder Wartungseinrichtung signalisieren.Furthermore, it is off Fig. 2 a line loop 24 a signal / fault line can be seen, which is connectable via terminals 23 with a monitoring or maintenance device. The line loop 24 can be interrupted by an opener 308 of the first overtemperature switch 8 and thus signal a fault to a monitoring or maintenance device.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich sind die Gehäuseeinheiten 17, 18 im Wesentlichen voneinander getrennt. In der zweiten Gehäuseeinheit 18 sind Anschalteelemente der Heizvorrichtung 1 angeordnet, d.h. Thermostat 6, erster Überstromschalter 8, zweiter Überstromschalter 10 und Klemmenhalter 11. Zwischen den Gehäuseeinheiten 17, 18 sind Durchführungen von Zuleitungen für den Thermostatsensor 5, den Sensor 7, das Heizelement 4 und den Lüfter 3 angeordnet, um diese mit den Anschaltelementen zu verbinden. Desweiteren weisen die Gehäuseeinheiten 17, 18 eine gemeinsame Öffnung 9 auf, wobei die Öffnung 9 auf der Seite der zweiten Gehäuseinheit 18 von einem hutförmigen Hitzeschutz 22 überdeckt ist. Der hutförmige Hitzeschutz 22 begrenzt eine Ausbreitung des Luftstromes durch die Öffnung 9.How out Fig. 1 the housing units 17, 18 are essentially separated from one another. In the second housing unit 18 Anschalteelemente the heater 1 are arranged, ie thermostat 6, first overcurrent switch 8, second overcurrent switch 10 and terminal holder 11. Between the housing units 17, 18 are feedthroughs of leads for the thermostat sensor 5, the sensor 7, the heating element 4 and the fan 3 arranged to connect to the power-on elements. Furthermore, the housing units 17, 18 have a common opening 9, the opening 9 on the side of the second housing unit 18 being covered by a hat-shaped heat protection 22. The hat-shaped heat protection 22 limits the propagation of the air flow through the opening 9.

Die Öffnung 9 befindet sich in Strömungsrichtung 14 vor dem Heizelement 4, so dass der Teil des Luftstroms, der durch die Öffnung 9 hindurchtritt, im störungsfreien Betrieb nicht erwärmt ist.The opening 9 is located in the flow direction 14 in front of the heating element 4, so that the part of the air flow passing through the opening 9 is not heated in trouble-free operation.

Im Störungsfall, bei welchem ein Rückstau von erwärmter Luft entgegen der Strömungsrichtung 14 erfolgt, tritt erwärmte Luft durch die Öffnung 9 in den durch den hutförmigen Hitzeschutz 22 ausgebildeten Raum. Der dort angeordnete zweite Übertemperaturschalter 10 wird von der rückgestauten Luft erwärmt und unterbricht den Strompfad 21, falls die zweite Übertemperatur überschritten wird.In the event of a fault, in which a backflow of heated air takes place counter to the flow direction 14, heated air passes through the opening 9 into the space formed by the hat-shaped heat protection 22. The second overtemperature switch 10 arranged there is heated by the back-stagnated air and interrupts the current path 21 if the second excess temperature is exceeded.

Claims (10)

  1. Electric heating device (1) for emitting a heated air current, in particular for heating a sanitation room in a rail-borne vehicle,
    having an air duct (2) and also a fan (3) for generating the air current, and having a heating element (4) for heating the air current and a first over-temperature switch (8), wherein the fan (3) and the heating element (4) are arranged in the air duct (2),
    wherein the first over-temperature switch (8) is embodied so as in the case of a first over-temperature being exceeded to switch off the heating element (4) in a reversible manner,
    further comprising a second over-temperature switch (10) that is embodied so as in the case of a second over-temperature being exceeded to switch off the heating element (4) in a non-reversible manner,
    characterized in that
    a recess is formed in the air duct (2), the second over-temperature switch (10) is arranged in the recess, and the second over-temperature switch (10) comprises a thermally-triggered isolating switch for switching off the heating element (4), wherein the thermally-triggered isolating switch can be triggered by means of a glass sphere that bursts in the case of the second over-temperature being exceeded.
  2. Electric heating device (1) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the isolating switch comprises a switch (310) and a switching mechanism having a switching element that is prestressed by means of a spring, wherein the switching mechanism is embodied so as when it is triggered it opens the switch (310) in a non-reversible manner by way of the switching element.
  3. Electric heating device (1) according to Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the glass sphere holds a fluid that can expand under the influence of heat, wherein the glass sphere can burst in the case of the second over-temperature being exceeded, and wherein as a result of the glass sphere bursting it is possible to trigger the switching element that is prestressed by the spring.
  4. Electric heating device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the thermally triggered isolating switch is arranged directly in a current path (21) for supplying current to the heating element (4).
  5. Electric heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the air duct (2) comprises an opening (9) for the purpose of forming a recess that is covered by a hat-shaped heat shield (22).
  6. Electric heating device (1) according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the air duct (2) is embodied from sheet metal and/or the hat-shaped heat shield (22) is embodied as a sheet metal cover.
  7. Electric heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the air flow in the air duct (2) flows in a direction (14) that can be predetermined by the fan (3) and the recess is arranged in the flow direction (14) upstream of the heating element (4).
  8. Electric heating device (1) according to Claim 5 or Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the electric heating device (1) comprises a two-part housing (16) having two independent housing units (17), (18) that are arranged adjacent to one another, wherein the air duct (2) is arranged in a first housing unit (17) and switching elements are arranged in a second housing unit (18), and wherein the opening (9) is formed between the first housing unit (17) and the second housing unit (18) and the hat-shaped heat shield (22) is arranged in the second housing unit (18).
  9. Electric heating device (1) according to Claim 8,
    characterized in that
    the housing units (17), (18) are embodied in the form of two non-flammable troughs that are arranged one above the other.
  10. Fan heater for heating a sanitation room in a rail-borne vehicle,
    characterized in that
    the fan heater comprises an electric heating device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 9.
EP15766785.8A 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Electric heater Active EP3161389B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15766785T PL3161389T3 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Electric heater

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014219142.4A DE102014219142B3 (en) 2014-09-23 2014-09-23 Electric heater
PCT/EP2015/071179 WO2016046038A1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Electric heating device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3161389A1 EP3161389A1 (en) 2017-05-03
EP3161389B1 true EP3161389B1 (en) 2018-07-11

Family

ID=54150392

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15766785.8A Active EP3161389B1 (en) 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Electric heater

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20170307257A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3161389B1 (en)
CN (1) CN208559353U (en)
DE (1) DE102014219142B3 (en)
DK (1) DK3161389T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2690727T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3161389T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3161389T (en)
RU (1) RU176364U1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016046038A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110573366B (en) * 2017-08-31 2023-04-25 翰昂汽车零部件有限公司 Coolant heater

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3622752A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-11-23 Jerome F Brasch Electrical heating apparatus with a side-positioned in-duct terminal box and a bottom-positioned control box
US4127839A (en) * 1977-05-23 1978-11-28 Hideo Ito Thermal switch
JPH0436918A (en) * 1990-06-01 1992-02-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Thermal protector
CA2393882C (en) * 2001-07-19 2006-10-17 Bradley J. Wilson Electric heater with dual overheat limits
DE10151351B4 (en) * 2001-10-22 2006-10-12 Patentwerk.De Gmbh Space-heating unit
DE10163012B4 (en) * 2001-12-20 2006-01-26 Siemens Ag Heating, in particular for a rail vehicle
DE102006041123B4 (en) * 2006-09-01 2009-03-12 Beru Ag Electrical circuit with a thermal-mechanical fuse
EA020393B1 (en) * 2010-04-30 2014-10-30 Виктор Валентинович МАСЛОВ System and method of heating railway passenger coach
US9242130B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2016-01-26 Mlh Fire Protection Ltd. Fire sprinkler system having combined detection and distribution piping
US20130044997A1 (en) * 2011-08-16 2013-02-21 Irvin M. French Electric convection heater and method of use for exterminating insects
US20140341550A1 (en) * 2011-11-08 2014-11-20 Sunbeam Products, Inc. Radiant heater

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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CN208559353U (en) 2019-03-01
PL3161389T3 (en) 2018-12-31
DK3161389T3 (en) 2018-10-01
WO2016046038A1 (en) 2016-03-31
US20170307257A1 (en) 2017-10-26
EP3161389A1 (en) 2017-05-03
PT3161389T (en) 2018-11-02
RU176364U1 (en) 2018-01-17
DE102014219142B3 (en) 2016-01-14
ES2690727T3 (en) 2018-11-22

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