EP3157699A1 - Portable drilling and/or boring machine - Google Patents

Portable drilling and/or boring machine

Info

Publication number
EP3157699A1
EP3157699A1 EP15732421.1A EP15732421A EP3157699A1 EP 3157699 A1 EP3157699 A1 EP 3157699A1 EP 15732421 A EP15732421 A EP 15732421A EP 3157699 A1 EP3157699 A1 EP 3157699A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
barrel
clamp
grid
torque
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15732421.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marc Bainvel
Jean-François SARTORI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Machining
Original Assignee
Fives Machining
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fives Machining filed Critical Fives Machining
Publication of EP3157699A1 publication Critical patent/EP3157699A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
    • B23B49/02—Boring templates or bushings
    • B23B49/023—Bushings and their connection to the template
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2215/00—Details of workpieces
    • B23B2215/04—Aircraft components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/062—Electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
    • B23B49/02—Boring templates or bushings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17411—Spring biased jaws
    • Y10T279/17529—Fixed cam and moving jaws
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/561—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface
    • Y10T408/5621—Connected to Tool through opening being enlarged by Tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/561—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface
    • Y10T408/5623—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface with presser foot
    • Y10T408/56245—Having tool-opposing, work-engaging surface with presser foot including tool-guide [or bushing]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drilling machine and / or portable bore, especially for parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin.
  • the machine is precisely positioned on a workpiece, using a drill grid, constituting a template, the grid being positioned and fixed precisely on the workpiece.
  • the machine comprises a barrel for guiding the machining tool, and means for clamping and locking the barrel in an opening of the grid, for fixing the machine to the grid.
  • Fixing the machine on a positioning grid "plane” is advantageously obtained by a fixing device commonly referred to as "Concentric-Collet” comprising an expandable clamp engaged in an opening of the grid to ensure a tightening of the barrel and a blockage in the opening by a pneumo-mechanical system of jack type and lever arm.
  • the clamping force of the fastening device is an important parameter in the quality of the drilling operation to be performed.
  • the tightening forces of the fixing device cause a compensation force along the axis of drilling.
  • the value of this effort must be limited to the fairest to avoid permanent micro-deformation of the outer skin of the aircraft. It is desirable to be able to adapt the clamping force without changing the mechanical configuration of the machine, which is difficult with a pneumatic cylinder.
  • a drilling machine and / or portable bore for workpieces, including parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin, comprises:
  • the machine comprises a screw-nut system for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft into a linear movement of the collet.
  • the machine is preferably equipped with damping springs at the nut, ensuring a flexible rise in torque on the motor during the tightening and loosening phases.
  • the machine may comprise at least one electronic card on which are implanted a control module and a power module of the machine.
  • the machine comprises a man-machine interface integrated on the machine for programming the motor torque or clamping force of the clamp.
  • the electric motor is generally of the "brushless" type.
  • the invention consists, apart from the arrangements described above, in a number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below with reference to an embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which is in no way limiting. On this drawing :
  • Fig.1 is a schematic view, partly in elevation and part in vertical section, of a machine according to the invention after a drilling operation.
  • Fig.2 is a perspective view of three-quarter front right of the machine.
  • Fig.3 is a perspective view, from below, of the machine.
  • a drilling machine and / or portable bore with casing schematically represented by a dashed outline, for workpieces, including parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin.
  • the workpiece 8 is constituted by a wall, or skin, of aircraft cell.
  • the machine comprises a barrel 3 for guiding a machining tool 1 1.
  • the outer surface of the barrel is frustoconical, section increasing from bottom to top.
  • the barrel 3 is linked to the machine.
  • the machine also comprises an expandable clamp 4 constituting a jaw, for locking the barrel 3 in an opening of a grid 5 positioned and fixed on the workpiece 8.
  • the grid 5 is a drilling template.
  • the clip 4 comprises at least two, preferably at least three, wedges having an inner surface adapted to fit the conical or convex frustoconical surface of the barrel 3, and a cylindrical outer surface adapted to bear against the cylindrical inner surface of the opening of the gate 5, when the clamp 4 is engaged in this opening.
  • a means for moving the expandable clamp 4 relative to the barrel 3 is provided to ensure the clamping and loosening of the barrel and the attachment of the machine relative to the grid 5. The displacement of the clamp 4 is carried out in a vertical translation.
  • the rise of the clamp 4 causes the application of its inner surface, conical or concave frustoconical, against the barrel 3 with a clamping force against the inner surface of the opening of the grid, as shown schematically by a horizontal arrow in FIG. 1.
  • the means of movement of the clamp 4 is constituted by an electric motor 1 controlled in torque and in position.
  • the electric motor is of the "brushless" type, preferably.
  • the body of the engine 1 is fixed to the housing of the machine.
  • the machine comprises a screw-nut system 2 for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft 1 into a linear movement of the collet.
  • the linear vertical translation movement of the nut is transmitted by a vertical yoke 10 to a hinge provided at one end of a substantially horizontal rod 7, articulated at its other end to a fixed point 6 of the machine.
  • a vertical connection is provided between a pivot point, provided on the link between its ends, and the clamp 4.
  • the machine is equipped with damping springs 9 at the nut ensuring a flexible rise in torque on the motor during the tightening and loosening phases.
  • the machine comprises a control module and a power module embedded on the drilling machine and located on at least one electronic card B housed in the housing of the machine.
  • the machine comprises a man-machine interface S integrated on the machine for programming the engine torque or the clamping force of the Concentric Collet.
  • a spindle is rotatably mounted in the crankcase of the machine. This pin can be moved in translation, in the direction of its geometric axis, following a movement in advance or recoil by a mechanism not shown.
  • the engine stops while remaining powered and maintaining the torque exerted and the force on the rod 7 and the barrel 4.
  • the management of the engine 1 is preferably provided by measuring the intensity of the current flowing through it, and is performed by the electronic card B. The operator stops pressing the tightening button. The engine 1 remains energized and is maintained in its position. The operator can release the machine that remains attached to the grid 5.
  • the machining operation in particular drilling, is then controlled by action on a suitable button to cause the descent of the tool 1 1.
  • the operator controls the descent of the stirrup 10 and the rotation of the rod 7 in the opposite clockwise direction around the point 6 to lower the clamp 6 and loosen the barrel 3
  • the release torque of the motor is advantageously programmed greater than the tightening torque in order to overcome the possible parasitic jamming forces.
  • the position of the motor that is to say the angular position of the motor shaft is controlled. If the motor continues to run when the assigned position is reached, the program is programmed to control the cycle stop.
  • the springs 9, in particular made of Belleville washers, and the irreversibility of the screw-nut system make it possible to meet this need.
  • the invention provides many advantages, including the following.
  • Loosening (which requires a greater effort than tightening) is made reliable because the forces are controlled by the card.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable drilling and/or boring machine, for workpieces (8), in particular workpieces that make up aeroplane structures, such as airframes, wings, cabin, etc., the machine comprising: a jig bushing (3) for guiding a machining tool; an expansible clip (4) for blocking the jig bushing in an opening of a screen (5) positioned on and secured to the workpiece, said screen constituting a drilling jig; and a means for moving the expansible clip (4) in order to clamp and unclamp the jig bushing and secure the machine relative to the screen; the means for moving the expansible clip (4) relative to the jig bushing (3) includes an electric motor (1) the torque and position of which are controlled.

Description

MACHINE DE PERÇAGE ET/OU ALÉSAGE PORTATIVE  DRILLING MACHINE AND / OR PORTABLE BORE
L'invention est relative à une machine de perçage et/ou alésage portative, notamment pour pièces composant des structures d'avion, telles que cellules, ailes, cabine. The invention relates to a drilling machine and / or portable bore, especially for parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin.
Ces machines sont utilisées principalement par des opérateurs comme machines portatives, mais peuvent être portées et positionnées sur les structures par des robots. La plupart des machines de perçage sont équipées de moteurs pneumatiques assurant la rotation de la broche de perçage ainsi que les différents mouvements d'avance de la broche. Une machine de ce type est montrée par FR 2 680 329, qui prévoit un moteur pneumatique pour la rotation de la broche, et un moteur électrique pour les mouvements d'avance nécessitant moins de puissance. These machines are mainly used by operators as portable machines, but can be worn and positioned on the structures by robots. Most drilling machines are equipped with pneumatic motors to rotate the drilling spindle and the different feed movements of the spindle. A machine of this type is shown in FR 2 680 329, which provides a pneumatic motor for the rotation of the spindle, and an electric motor for the feed movements requiring less power.
La machine est positionnée avec précision, sur une pièce à usiner, à l'aide d'une grille de perçage, constituant un gabarit, la grille étant positionnée et fixée avec précision sur la pièce. La machine comporte un canon pour guider l'outil d'usinage, et des moyens de serrage et de blocage du canon dans une ouverture de la grille, pour la fixation de la machine sur la grille. The machine is precisely positioned on a workpiece, using a drill grid, constituting a template, the grid being positioned and fixed precisely on the workpiece. The machine comprises a barrel for guiding the machining tool, and means for clamping and locking the barrel in an opening of the grid, for fixing the machine to the grid.
La fixation de la machine sur une grille de positionnement "avion" est avantageusement obtenue par un dispositif de fixation couramment désigné par l'expression « Concentric-Collet » comprenant une pince expansible engagée dans une ouverture de la grille pour assurer un serrage du canon et un blocage dans l'ouverture par un système pneumo-mécanique de type vérin et bras de levier. Fixing the machine on a positioning grid "plane" is advantageously obtained by a fixing device commonly referred to as "Concentric-Collet" comprising an expandable clamp engaged in an opening of the grid to ensure a tightening of the barrel and a blockage in the opening by a pneumo-mechanical system of jack type and lever arm.
La force de serrage du dispositif de fixation, notamment de type Concentric Collet, est un paramètre important dans la qualité de l'opération de perçage à réaliser. Les efforts de serrage du dispositif de fixation provoquent un effort de compensation suivant l'axe de perçage. La valeur de cet effort doit être limitée au plus juste afin d'éviter une microdéformation permanente de la peau extérieure de l'avion. Il est souhaitable de pouvoir adapter l'effort de serrage sans modifier la configuration mécanique de la machine, ce qui est difficile avec un vérin pneumatique. The clamping force of the fastening device, in particular of the Concentric Collet type, is an important parameter in the quality of the drilling operation to be performed. The tightening forces of the fixing device cause a compensation force along the axis of drilling. The value of this effort must be limited to the fairest to avoid permanent micro-deformation of the outer skin of the aircraft. It is desirable to be able to adapt the clamping force without changing the mechanical configuration of the machine, which is difficult with a pneumatic cylinder.
Il est en outre souhaitable de supprimer, ou au moins de limiter, les problèmes en phase de desserrage. En particulier, dans le cas d'un système de coins tels que ceux utilisés dans un dispositif de fixation de type « Concentric Collet », un coincement peut se produire. It is further desirable to eliminate, or at least limit, problems in the loosening phase. In particular, in the case of a wedge system such as those used in a "Concentric Collet" fastening device, jamming may occur.
L'invention a pour but, surtout, de fournir une machine de perçage et/ou alésage portative performante, qui soit d'une utilisation plus pratique. Selon l'invention, une machine de perçage et/ou alésage portative, pour pièces à usiner, notamment des pièces composant des structures d'avion, telles que cellules, ailes, cabine, comporte : The invention aims, above all, to provide a drilling machine and / or portable bore performance, which is more convenient use. According to the invention, a drilling machine and / or portable bore, for workpieces, including parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin, comprises:
- un canon pour guider un outil d'usinage,  a gun for guiding a machining tool,
- une pince expansible pour le blocage du canon dans une ouverture d'une grille positionnée et fixée sur la pièce à usiner, cette grille constituant un gabarit de perçage,  an expansible clamp for blocking the barrel in an opening of a grid positioned and fixed on the workpiece, this grid constituting a drilling jig,
- un moyen de déplacement de la pince expansible (4) pour assurer le serrage et le desserrage du canon et la fixation de la machine relativement à la grille, et est caractérisée en ce que le moyen de déplacement de la pince expansible par rapport au canon comprend un moteur électrique contrôlé en couple et en position.  - A means for moving the expandable clamp (4) to ensure the clamping and loosening of the barrel and the attachment of the machine relative to the grid, and is characterized in that the means for moving the expandable clamp relative to the barrel includes an electric motor controlled in torque and position.
Avantageusement, la machine comprend un système vis-écrou pour transformer le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre du moteur en un mouvement linéaire de la pince de serrage. La machine est équipée, de préférence, de ressorts d'amortissement au niveau de l'écrou, assurant une souplesse de montée du couple sur le moteur pendant les phases de serrage et desserrage. Advantageously, the machine comprises a screw-nut system for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft into a linear movement of the collet. The machine is preferably equipped with damping springs at the nut, ensuring a flexible rise in torque on the motor during the tightening and loosening phases.
La machine peut comprendre au moins une carte électronique sur laquelle sont implantés un module de commande et un module de puissance de la machine. The machine may comprise at least one electronic card on which are implanted a control module and a power module of the machine.
Avantageusement, la machine comprend une interface Homme-Machine intégrée sur la machine permettant la programmation du couple du moteur ou de l'effort de serrage de la pince. Advantageously, the machine comprises a man-machine interface integrated on the machine for programming the motor torque or clamping force of the clamp.
Le moteur électrique est généralement de type «brushless». L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci- après à propos d'un exemple de réalisation décrit avec référence aux dessins annexés, mais qui n'est nullement limitatif. Sur ce dessin : The electric motor is generally of the "brushless" type. The invention consists, apart from the arrangements described above, in a number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below with reference to an embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which is in no way limiting. On this drawing :
Fig.1 est une vue schématique, partie en élévation et partie en coupe verticale, d'une machine selon l'invention après une opération de perçage. Fig.1 is a schematic view, partly in elevation and part in vertical section, of a machine according to the invention after a drilling operation.
Fig.2 est une vue en perspective de trois-quarts avant droite de la machine, et Fig.2 is a perspective view of three-quarter front right of the machine, and
Fig.3 est une vue en perspective, de dessous, de la machine. Fig.3 is a perspective view, from below, of the machine.
En se reportant aux dessins, on peut voir une machine de perçage et/ou alésage portative, avec carter schématiquement représenté par un contour en tirets, pour pièces à usiner, notamment des pièces composant des structures d'avion, telles que cellules, ailes, cabine. Selon la représentation de Fig.1 , la pièce à usiner 8 est constituée par une paroi, ou peau, de cellule d'avion. Referring to the drawings, there can be seen a drilling machine and / or portable bore, with casing schematically represented by a dashed outline, for workpieces, including parts composing aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin. According to the representation of Fig.1, the workpiece 8 is constituted by a wall, or skin, of aircraft cell.
La machine comporte un canon 3 pour guider un outil d'usinage 1 1 . La surface extérieure du canon est tronconique, de section augmentant de bas en haut. Le canon 3 est lié à la machine. The machine comprises a barrel 3 for guiding a machining tool 1 1. The outer surface of the barrel is frustoconical, section increasing from bottom to top. The barrel 3 is linked to the machine.
La machine comporte aussi une pince expansible 4, constituant un mors, pour le blocage du canon 3 dans une ouverture d'une grille 5 positionnée et fixée sur la pièce à usiner 8. La grille 5 constitue un gabarit de perçage. La pince 4 comporte au moins deux, de préférence au moins trois, coins ayant une surface interne propre à épouser la surface conique ou tronconique convexe du canon 3, et une surface externe cylindrique propre à s'appliquer contre la surface interne cylindrique de l'ouverture de la grille 5, lorsque la pince 4 est engagée dans cette ouverture. Un moyen de déplacement de la pince expansible 4 par rapport au canon 3 est prévu pour assurer le serrage et le desserrage du canon et la fixation de la machine relativement à la grille 5. Le déplacement de la pince 4 est effectué selon une translation verticale. La montée de la pince 4 provoque l'application de sa surface interne, conique ou tronconique concave, contre le canon 3 avec une force de serrage contre la surface interne de l'ouverture de la grille, comme schématisé par une flèche horizontale su Fig.1 . Le moyen de déplacement de la pince 4 est constitué par un moteur électrique 1 contrôlé en couple et en position. Le moteur électrique est de type « brushless », de préférence. Le corps du moteur 1 est fixé au carter de la machine. The machine also comprises an expandable clamp 4 constituting a jaw, for locking the barrel 3 in an opening of a grid 5 positioned and fixed on the workpiece 8. The grid 5 is a drilling template. The clip 4 comprises at least two, preferably at least three, wedges having an inner surface adapted to fit the conical or convex frustoconical surface of the barrel 3, and a cylindrical outer surface adapted to bear against the cylindrical inner surface of the opening of the gate 5, when the clamp 4 is engaged in this opening. A means for moving the expandable clamp 4 relative to the barrel 3 is provided to ensure the clamping and loosening of the barrel and the attachment of the machine relative to the grid 5. The displacement of the clamp 4 is carried out in a vertical translation. The rise of the clamp 4 causes the application of its inner surface, conical or concave frustoconical, against the barrel 3 with a clamping force against the inner surface of the opening of the grid, as shown schematically by a horizontal arrow in FIG. 1. The means of movement of the clamp 4 is constituted by an electric motor 1 controlled in torque and in position. The electric motor is of the "brushless" type, preferably. The body of the engine 1 is fixed to the housing of the machine.
La machine comprend un système vis-écrou 2 pour transformer le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre du moteur 1 en un mouvement linéaire de la pince de serrage. Le mouvement linéaire de translation verticale de l'écrou est transmis par un étrier 10 vertical à une articulation prévue à une extrémité d'une biellette sensiblement horizontale 7, articulée à son autre extrémité sur un point fixe 6 de la machine. Une liaison verticale est assurée entre un point d'articulation, prévu sur la biellette entre ses extrémités, et la pince 4. La machine est équipée de ressorts d'amortissement 9 au niveau de l'écrou assurant une souplesse de montée du couple sur le moteur pendant les phases de serrage et desserrage. The machine comprises a screw-nut system 2 for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft 1 into a linear movement of the collet. The linear vertical translation movement of the nut is transmitted by a vertical yoke 10 to a hinge provided at one end of a substantially horizontal rod 7, articulated at its other end to a fixed point 6 of the machine. A vertical connection is provided between a pivot point, provided on the link between its ends, and the clamp 4. The machine is equipped with damping springs 9 at the nut ensuring a flexible rise in torque on the motor during the tightening and loosening phases.
La machine comprend un module de commande et un module de puissance embarqués sur la machine de perçage et implantés sur au moins une carte électronique B logée dans le carter de la machine. The machine comprises a control module and a power module embedded on the drilling machine and located on at least one electronic card B housed in the housing of the machine.
Avantageusement, la machine comprend une interface S Homme-Machine intégrée sur la machine permettant la programmation du couple du moteur ou de l'effort de serrage du Concentric Collet. Advantageously, the machine comprises a man-machine interface S integrated on the machine for programming the engine torque or the clamping force of the Concentric Collet.
Une broche est montée rotative dans le carter de la machine. Cette broche peut être déplacée en translation, selon la direction de son axe géométrique, suivant un mouvement d'avance ou de recul par un mécanisme non représenté. A spindle is rotatably mounted in the crankcase of the machine. This pin can be moved in translation, in the direction of its geometric axis, following a movement in advance or recoil by a mechanism not shown.
L'utilisation et le fonctionnement de la machine sont les suivants. En position initiale, l'étrier 10 est en position haute, ainsi que la pince 4. L'ensemble pince 4/canon 3 est expansé. De ce fait, l'opérateur ne peut pas positionner le canon 3 et la pince 4 au sein d'une ouverture de la grille 5. The use and operation of the machine are as follows. In the initial position, the stirrup 10 is in the up position, as well as the clamp 4. The clamp assembly 4 / barrel 3 is expanded. As a result, the operator can not position the barrel 3 and the clamp 4 within an opening of the grid 5.
Lorsque la machine est mise sous tension électrique, l'opérateur appuie sur un bouton de commande du serrage et le maintient enfoncé. Cette opération va activer le moteur 1 , ce qui provoque la rotation du moteur 1 dans le sens qui assure la descente de l'écrou 2 et de l'étrier 10. La biellette 7 va descendre en tournant dans le sens contraire d'horloge autour du point fixe 6. Cela a pour conséquence de desserrer la pince 4 et de permettre à l'opérateur de positionner le canon 3 dans une ouverture choisie de la grille 5, en appui sur la pièce 8. When the machine is turned on, the operator presses and presses a clamping control button. This operation will activate the motor 1, which causes the rotation of the motor 1 in the direction that ensures the descent of the nut 2 and the stirrup 10. The rod 7 will go down by turning counterclockwise around the fixed point 6. This has the effect of loosening the clamp 4 and allow the operator to position the barrel 3 in a selected opening of the grid 5, resting on the part 8.
Lorsque cette opération a été effectuée, l'opérateur relâche le bouton de serrage. Le sens de rotation du moteur 1 va alors s'inverser pour permettre la montée de la pince expansible 4. La biellette 7 va tourner dans le sens d'horloge autour du point fixe 6, en soulevant la pince 4 dont la surface intérieure tronconique va s'appliquer contre, et serrer, la surface extérieure tronconique du canon. La surface extérieure de la pince est appliquée contre la paroi de l'ouverture de la grille. La machine se trouve alors bloquée sur la grille 5. When this operation has been performed, the operator releases the clamping button. The direction of rotation of the motor 1 will then reverse to allow the rise of the expandable clamp 4. The rod 7 will rotate in the clockwise direction around the fixed point 6, lifting the clamp 4 whose inner frustoconical surface goes apply against, and tighten, the frustoconical outer surface of the barrel. The outer surface of the clamp is applied against the wall of the opening of the grid. The machine is then locked on the grid 5.
Dès que le couple programmé du moteur 1 est atteint, le moteur s'arrête tout en restant alimenté en courant et en maintenant le couple exercé et l'effort sur la biellette 7 et le canon 4. La gestion du moteur 1 est assurée de préférence par mesure de l'intensité du courant qui le traverse, et est effectuée par la carte électronique B. L'opérateur cesse d'appuyer sur le bouton de serrage. Le moteur 1 reste alimenté et est maintenu dans sa position. L'opérateur peut lâcher la machine qui reste fixée à la grille 5. As soon as the programmed torque of the engine 1 is reached, the engine stops while remaining powered and maintaining the torque exerted and the force on the rod 7 and the barrel 4. The management of the engine 1 is preferably provided by measuring the intensity of the current flowing through it, and is performed by the electronic card B. The operator stops pressing the tightening button. The engine 1 remains energized and is maintained in its position. The operator can release the machine that remains attached to the grid 5.
L'opération d'usinage, notamment de perçage, est ensuite commandée par action sur un bouton approprié pour provoquer la descente de l'outil 1 1 . The machining operation, in particular drilling, is then controlled by action on a suitable button to cause the descent of the tool 1 1.
Lorsque l'opération d'usinage est terminée, l'opérateur commande la descente de l'étrier 10 et la rotation de la biellette 7 dans le sens contraire d'horloge autour du point 6 pour faire descendre la pince 6 et desserrer le canon 3. Le couple de desserrage du moteur est avantageusement programmé supérieur au couple de serrage pour surmonter les efforts parasites éventuels de coincement. When the machining operation is completed, the operator controls the descent of the stirrup 10 and the rotation of the rod 7 in the opposite clockwise direction around the point 6 to lower the clamp 6 and loosen the barrel 3 The release torque of the motor is advantageously programmed greater than the tightening torque in order to overcome the possible parasitic jamming forces.
Par sécurité, la position du moteur, c'est-à-dire la position angulaire de l'arbre du moteur est contrôlée. Si le moteur continue à tourner lorsque la position assignée est atteinte, le programme est prévu pour commander l'arrêt du cycle. For safety, the position of the motor, that is to say the angular position of the motor shaft is controlled. If the motor continues to run when the assigned position is reached, the program is programmed to control the cycle stop.
En cas de coupure de l'alimentation, le système ne doit pas se desserrer (ou « déclamper »). Les ressorts 9, notamment constitués de rondelles Belleville, et l'irréversibilité du système vis-écrou permettent de répondre à ce besoin. L'invention procure de nombreux avantages, dont les suivants. In case of power failure, the system must not loosen (or "decay"). The springs 9, in particular made of Belleville washers, and the irreversibility of the screw-nut system make it possible to meet this need. The invention provides many advantages, including the following.
> Le serrage est obtenu par un moteur électrique piloté en couple et contrôlé en position. > The tightening is obtained by an electric motor driven in torque and controlled in position.
> Les valeurs de serrage sont directement programmables sur un module de commande. > The tightening values are directly programmable on a control module.
> Les plages de réglages sont étendues, l'utilisateur peut programmer des valeurs de serrage sur grilles plus adaptées et limiter les déformations sur peau extérieure de l'avion. > The adjustment ranges are extended, the user can program clamping values on more suitable grids and limit deformations on the outer skin of the aircraft.
> Le desserrage (qui nécessite un effort supérieur au serrage) est fiabilisé car les efforts sont pilotés par la carte. > Loosening (which requires a greater effort than tightening) is made reliable because the forces are controlled by the card.
> Sécurité renforcée par le contrôle en position du rotor moteur par un arrêt du cycle si un desserrage est observé. > Safety enhanced by controlling the position of the motor rotor by stopping the cycle if loosening is observed.
Il en résulte pour l'utilisateur : It results for the user:
> Amélioration de la qualité des opérations en limitant le serrage au strict nécessaire (déformation plus faible des peaux) > Improvement of the quality of operations by limiting the tightening to the strict minimum (weaker deformation of the skins)
> Modification du serrage simple et obtenue par programme > Modification of the simple tightening and obtained by program
> Fiabilité au desserrage afin d'éviter les coincements > Reliability when loosening to prevent jamming

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Machine de perçage et/ou alésage portative, pour pièces à usiner, notamment des pièces composant des structures d'avion, telles que cellules, ailes, cabine, la machine comportant : 1. Drilling machine and / or portable bore, for workpieces, including component parts of aircraft structures, such as cells, wings, cabin, the machine comprising:
- un canon (3) pour guider un outil d'usinage, a gun (3) for guiding a machining tool,
- une pince expansible (4) pour le blocage du canon dans une ouverture d'une grille (5) positionnée et fixée sur la pièce à usiner, cette grille constituant un gabarit de perçage,  an expandable clamp (4) for locking the barrel in an opening of a grid (5) positioned and fixed on the workpiece, this grid constituting a drilling jig,
- et un moyen de déplacement de la pince expansible (4) pour assurer le serrage et le desserrage du canon et la fixation de la machine relativement à la grille,  - and a means for moving the expandable clamp (4) to ensure the clamping and loosening of the barrel and the attachment of the machine relative to the grid,
caractérisée en ce que le moyen de déplacement de la pince expansible (4) par rapport au canon (3) est constitué par un moteur électrique (1 ) contrôlé en couple et en position. characterized in that the means for moving the expandable clamp (4) relative to the barrel (3) is constituted by an electric motor (1) controlled in torque and in position.
2. Machine selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un système vis-écrou (2) pour transformer le mouvement de rotation de l'arbre du moteur (1 ) en un mouvement linéaire de la pince de serrage (4). 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a screw-nut system (2) for converting the rotational movement of the motor shaft (1) into a linear movement of the collet (4) .
3. Machine selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est équipée de ressorts d'amortissement (9) au niveau de l'écrou assurant une souplesse de montée du couple sur le moteur pendant les phases de serrage et desserrage. 3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that it is equipped with damping springs (9) at the nut ensuring a flexible rise in torque on the motor during the clamping and loosening phases.
4. Machine selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins une carte électronique (B) sur laquelle sont implantés un module de commande et un module de puissance de la machine. 4. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one electronic card (B) on which are implanted a control module and a power module of the machine.
5. Machine selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une interface Homme-Machine intégrée sur la machine permettant la programmation du couple du moteur ou de l'effort de serrage de la pince. 5. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a man-machine interface integrated on the machine for programming the engine torque or clamping force of the clamp.
6. Machine selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le moteur électrique (1 ) est de type « brushless ». 6. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (1) is of the brushless type.
EP15732421.1A 2014-06-17 2015-06-01 Portable drilling and/or boring machine Withdrawn EP3157699A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1455534A FR3022167B1 (en) 2014-06-17 2014-06-17 DRILLING AND / OR BORING MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR FOR PARTS COMPRISING AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES
PCT/IB2015/054151 WO2015193760A1 (en) 2014-06-17 2015-06-01 Portable drilling and/or boring machine

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EP3157699A1 true EP3157699A1 (en) 2017-04-26

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EP (1) EP3157699A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3022167B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015193760A1 (en)

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US20170173705A1 (en) 2017-06-22
FR3022167A1 (en) 2015-12-18
US10118234B2 (en) 2018-11-06
FR3022167B1 (en) 2016-07-15
WO2015193760A1 (en) 2015-12-23

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