EP3156638A1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3156638A1 EP3156638A1 EP15189838.4A EP15189838A EP3156638A1 EP 3156638 A1 EP3156638 A1 EP 3156638A1 EP 15189838 A EP15189838 A EP 15189838A EP 3156638 A1 EP3156638 A1 EP 3156638A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- recess
- armature
- fuel injector
- valve needle
- spring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
- F02M51/066—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/26—Fuel-injection apparatus with elastically deformable elements other than coil springs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
- F02M2200/304—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using hydraulic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/50—Arrangements of springs for valves used in fuel injectors or fuel injection pumps
Definitions
- the invention refers to a fuel injector.
- valve assembly for an injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, which valve assembly contains a valve needle, a valve spring and an electromagnetic actuator with a coil, a pole piece and a movable armature.
- the armature is set up to be moved in the axial direction towards the pole piece out of a first position by a predefined idle travel into a second position and from that by a predefined actuating travel into a third position, wherein the armature acts only between the second and the third position on the valve needle to move the valve needle to a fourth position.
- a spring element bears against the armature, in order to press the armature in the direction of the first position.
- the object of the invention is achieved by the fuel injector according to claim 1. Further embodiments of the fuel injector are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- a fuel injector is disclosed.
- the fuel injector is in particular a fuel injector for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine.
- the injector comprises an inlet for fuel and a fuel line which connects the inlet to a valve. It further comprises an armature which is movably arranged between a first and a third position.
- the injector comprises a valve body which defines at least a section of the fuel line.
- the armature is preferably positioned in a recess of the valve body.
- the first and third positions are in particular axial positions of the armature with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve body.
- the fuel injector comprises a valve needle which is movably arranged along an axis, in particular the longitudinal axis of the valve body.
- the valve needle is operable to control an opening of the valve.
- the valve comprises a seat and a sealing element.
- the sealing element is in particular comprised by the valve needle; for example it is represented by a tip of the valve needle.
- the valve needle is in particular operable to prevent fuel flow through an injection opening of the valve when it is in a closing position. In the closing position, the sealing element may expediently be in sealing mechanical contact with the seat.
- the valve needle is in particular axially displaceable away from the closing position for unsealing the valve.
- the fuel injector comprises a retainer element which is fixed to or in one piece with the valve needle.
- the retainer element is positioned arranged adjacent to an axial end region of the valve needle which is remote from the sealing element.
- a first spring element is arranged between the armature and a member of the fuel injector.
- the first spring element is axially compressed by the armature and the member so that it is preloaded.
- the first spring element is operable to bias the armature away from the retainer element, i.e. in particular in axial direction towards the first position.
- the fuel injector further comprises an actuator for moving the armature from the first position to the third position, via a second position.
- the armature In the first position, the armature is at a first distance to the retainer element.
- the armature engages the retainer element to displace the valve needle away from the closing position.
- the armature acts only between the second and the third position on the valve needle to move the valve needle for unsealing the valve.
- the first spring element is arranged in a spring receptacle, at least in places.
- the spring receptacle comprises a first recess of the armature which is hydraulically connected to a further recess of the fuel injector by means of a channel which is comprised by the armature.
- the spring receptacle comprises a second recess of the member which is hydraulically connected to the further recess by means of a channel which is comprised by the member.
- the further recess is in particular the recess of the valve body outside of the armature or the member, respectively.
- the first spring element projects from the first recess on one axial side of the armature and the channel opens out into the further recess at the opposite axial side of the armature or at a circumferential surface of the armature.
- the first spring element projects from the second recess on one axial side of the member and the channel opens out into the further recess at the opposite axial side of the member or at a circumferential surface of the member.
- the proposed fuel injector provides the advantage that hydraulic dampening effects during the opening or closing the fuel injector are reduced. For example hydraulic dampening is reduced or eliminated during movement of the valve needle and/or the armature. This technical effect is attained by the channel(s) of the armature and/or the member that is/are connected with the first or second recess, respectively, and the further recess of the fuel injector.
- the invention makes use of the idea that the channel reduces pressure changes that may be generated in the spring receptacle by moving the armature and/or the valve needle. For example, during the movement of the armature towards the retainer element, fuel may be pressed towards the first and/or second recesses. Since the recesses are arranged in the fuel line and already filled up with fuel, this may lead to an increase of the fuel pressure in the recess(es) impeding further movement of the armature and/or the valve needle.
- the channel(s) of the fuel injector according to the present disclosure, a particularly small magnitude or such hydraulic dampening effect is achievable.
- the first recess is embodied as a circular ring recess that is arranged in the armature and/or the second recess is embodied as a circular ring recess that is arranged in the member of the fuel injector.
- the circular ring recess may be arranged axially symmetric with regard to a middle axis of the valve needle - which middle axis is in particular represented by the longitudinal axis of the valve body.
- a circular ring recess provides the advantage that the recess provides sufficient space for a circular spring element.
- the spring element can be axially symmetric arranged with regard to the middle axis of the valve needle. Therefore a symmetric spring force can be applied to the valve needle.
- the above-mentioned member of the fuel injector is represented by the retainer element.
- the second recess is comprised by the retainer element.
- the first spring is arranged between - and in particular seated against and preloaded by - the retainer element and the armature.
- the above-mentioned member of the fuel injector is a stopping element.
- the stopping element may be a part of a housing of the fuel injector that is provided for stopping the armature at the third position.
- the housing in particular comprises or consists of the valve body.
- the armature in particular abuts the stopping element in the third position so that the stopping element blocks further displacement of the armature away from the first position.
- the first spring is disposed between the stopping element and the armature.
- the first recess may be comprised by the stopping element.
- the stopping element may be made of magnetic material and operable to guide a magnetic field of a solenoid.
- the stopping element may be a pole piece - i.e. in particular a stationary core - of the actuator. In one development, is is press-fitted into the valve body.
- the solenoid is particular comprised by the actuator for axially displacing the armature.
- the first recess is a cylindrical recess of the armature.
- the recess is arranged in line - i.e. in particular coaxial - with the bore for the valve needle.
- the armature has a hole - i.e. the bore - through which the valve needle extends. The hole may open into a bottom surface of the cylindrical recess.
- the valve needle in particular extends also through the first recess.
- the recess extends circumferentially around the valve needle.
- the first spring element extends circumferentially around the valve needle in the first recess. It may be seated against the bottom surface of the first recess. Because of the symmetric shape of the recess and the spring element with respect to the middle axis of the valve needle the applied forces may be symmetrically applied.
- the second recess is a cylindrical recess in the retainer element.
- the valve needle extends through the second recess and is radially spaced from a lateral surface of the second recess.
- the second recess extends circumferentially around the valve needle.
- the spring element extends circumferentially around the valve needle in the second recess.
- the spring receptacle comprises both, the first recess and the second recess.
- the first recess and the second recess have the same shape, especially the same circular ring shape or cylindrical shape.
- the fuel injector 1 comprises a fuel inlet 2 that can be connected to a fuel line.
- the fuel injector 1 is for example executed in the shape of an injector for fuel injection systems for spark ignition internal combustion engines.
- the fuel injector 1 is in this example embodied for a direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- the fuel injector can also be embodied for other applications.
- the fuel injector 1 comprises a fuel line 3 that is guided from the fuel inlet 2 through the fuel injector 1 to a fuel chamber 25 at a valve 4.
- An opening of the valve 4 is controlled by a valve needle 5.
- the valve 4 comprises a valve closure member 6 - i.e. a sealing element - that is arranged at a front tip of the valve needle 5.
- the valve closure member 6 cooperates with a valve seat 7.
- the valve seat 7 is configured at a fuel outlet end of a valve body 8.
- the valve body 8 has a hollow and generally cylindrical shape.
- An upper section of the valve body is surrounded by an actuator housing 9 of the fuel injector 1.
- the actuator housing 9 comprises a magnetic yoke 10. Depending on the used embodiment a laser welding connection may be used to connect the valve body 8 with the yoke 10.
- the fuel injector 1 comprises an electromagnetic actuator which has a solenoid 11 that is arranged in the housing 9. An excitation of the solenoid 11 by an electrical excitation current is supplied via an electrical connecting line.
- an armature 12 is disposed in the valve body 8.
- the armature 12 comprises a hole 13 through which the valve needle 5 projects.
- An outer face of the armature 12 may be guided by an inner face of the valve body 8.
- the armature may be guided by the valve needle by means of the hole 13 being in sliding mechanical contact with the valve needle 5.
- the armature 12 is axially displaceable in reciprocating fashion relative to the valve body 8 between a first position and a third position with respect to the longitudinal axis 14.
- the armature 12 is movably guided in the valve body 8 parallel to the longitudinal middle axis 14 of the valve needle 5 which coincides with the longitudinal axis of the valve body 8.
- the armature 12 is axially guided by an outer surface 15 and a corresponding inner surface 16 of the valve body 8.
- the outer surface 15 of the armature 12 may have a circular cylindrical shape and also the inner surface 16 of the valve seat support 8 may have a circular cylindrical shape.
- the valve needle 5 comprises a retainer element 17 that is connected at a first end 18 of the valve needle 5 opposite to a second end 19 of the valve needle 5.
- the second end 19 is connected with the valve closure member 6.
- the valve needle 5 comprises a disc element 20 that is positioned at the second end 19 of the valve needle 5.
- the armature 12 is arranged so that it has an axial play with respect to the valve needle 5 that is limited by the retainer element 17 and the disc element 20 in opposite axial directions.
- the retainer element 17 has the shape of a ring.
- the disc element 20 may have the shape of a circular plate.
- the valve needle 5 is movably arranged in the fuel injector 1 along the middle axis 14; i.e. it is axially displaceable relative to the valve body 8 in the fuel chamber 25.
- the valve needle is biased in direction to the valve seat 7 by preloaded a second spring 21.
- the second spring 21 is in one embodiment a spring element, in particular a coil spring.
- the fuel injector 1 comprises a stopping member 22.
- the stopping member 22 may have a hollow cylindrical basic shape and extend circumferentially around the retainer element 17.
- the stopping member 22 has the shape of a sleeve with a circular stopping face 23 that faces a further stopping face 24 of the armature 12.
- the stopping member 22 may be embodied as a pole piece of the actuator, for example made of magnetic material for guiding the magnetic field of the solenoid 11 to the armature 12.
- the fuel injector 1 functions as follows: Fuel is guided via the fuel inlet by the fuel inlet 2 and the fuel line 3 to the fuel chamber 25 that surrounds the second end 19 of the valve needle 5.
- the fuel line 3 can be guided through specific bores in the valve body 8, bores in the valve needle 5 and/or fuel bores 27 in the armature 12.
- the fuel chamber 25 is arranged between the second end 19 of the valve needle 5 and the valve seat 7 of the valve body 8.
- the armature 12 is pressed against a second stopping face 26 of the disc element 20 by the bias of a first spring element 24 (not shown in Fig. 1 ). This position is the first position of the armature 12. In the first position the armature is axially spaced apart from the retainer element 17.
- Fuel can be injected by the fuel injector 1 by energizing the solenoid 11 for opening the valve 4.
- the energized solenoid 11 generates a magnetic field that attracts the armature 12 in direction to the stopping element 22 until it engages in form-fit connection with the stopping element 22.
- This position - i.e. the armature 12 being in form-fit connection with the stopping element 22 so that further axial displacement away from the first position is blocked - corresponds to the third position of the armature 12.
- the armature 12 passes a second position where it comes in contact with the retainer element 17.
- the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 abuts a lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17.
- the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17 is in the closed configuration of the fuel injector 1 closer to the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 than the stopping face 23 of the stopping element 22.
- the axial gap between the retainer element 17 and the armature 12 is smaller than the axial gap between the armature 12 and the stopping element 22 when the fuel injector 1 is in the closed configuration. Therefore, the armature 12 takes the valve needle 5 with it when it travels from the second position further to the third position.
- the moving armature 12 pushes the retainer element 17 away from the valve 4.
- the retainer element 17 is rigidly fixed to the valve needle 5 and therefore also the valve needle 5 is pushed away from the valve 4. As a result also the closure member 6 disengages from the valve seat 7.
- the injection can be stopped by stopping the current through the solenoid 11.
- the magnetic field decreases and the magnetic force that pulls the armature 12 in the direction to the stopping element 22 also decreases and stops. Since the magnetic force gets smaller than the preload force of the second spring 21 that still biases the valve needle 5 in direction to the valve seat 7, the valve needle 5 is pushed with the closure member 6 towards and into contact with the valve seat 7, thereby closing the orifice 29.
- the second spring 21 is a resetting spring that is provided to hold the valve needle 5 in a sealing position closing the orifice 29.
- a first gap 30 between the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17 and the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 is smaller than a second gap 31 between the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 and the stopping face 23 of the stopping member 22.
- a first gap 30 between the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17 and the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 is smaller than a second gap 31 between the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 and the stopping face 23 of the stopping member 22.
- the armature 12 is a moving member that is movably arranged parallel to the middle axis 14 of the needle in the fuel injector 1 between the first and third positions via the second position.
- the solenoid 11 is comprised by an actuator that is provided for moving the armature 12 from the first over the second to the third position. In the first position, the armature 12 is at a first distance to the retainer element 17. In the second position, the armature 12 abuts the retainer element 17. During the further movement, the armature 12 moves the retainer element 17 and the valve needle 5 until the armature 12 abuts the stopping element 22 in the third position.
- Fig. 1 only depicts a principle embodiment and function of a fuel injector.
- Figs. 2 to 4 show different embodiments of fuel injectors with less hydraulic forces caused by the moving of the armature 12 in detail.
- Fig. 2 depicts an enlarged partial sectional view of a first embodiment of the fuel injector 1 that is basically embodied as shown in FIG.1 .
- the fuel injector is basically axially symmetric to the longitudinal axis 14 of the valve needle 5.
- the armature 12 is depicted in the first position which means that the valve 4 is closed.
- the fuel injector 1 is basically rotationally symmetric to the longitudinal axis 14.
- Fig. 2 depicts a partial view of a spring receptacle 35 comprising a first recess 32 and a second recess 33.
- the first recess 32 is disposed at the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12.
- the second recess 33 is disposed at the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17.
- the spring receptacle 35 is arranged partially in the retainer element 17 and partially in the armature 12. In other embodiments, there may only be the first recess 32 or the second recess 38 constituting the spring receptacle 35.
- a first spring element 34 is arranged in the spring receptacle 35. The first spring element 34 is preloaded between the retainer element 17 and the armature 12 so that it biases the armature 12 with an axial force away from the retainer element 17 in direction to the disc element 20.
- the first spring element 34 is arranged in the first recess 32 and in the second recess 33.
- the first and the second recess 32, 33 are arranged coaxial to the longitudinal axis 14.
- the first and the second recess 32, 33 represent a spring receptacle 35 for receiving the first spring element 34.
- the force of the first spring element 34 is lower than the force of the second spring element 21.
- the force of the first spring element 34 may be in an area between 2 N and 15 N. There may be a difference of about 5 to 50 N between the force of the second spring element 21 and the force of the first spring element 34 in one embodiment.
- the armature 12 When the solenoid 11 is excited by an electrical excitation current, the armature 12 is pulled in direction to the stopping element 22. In the second position, the armature 12 abuts the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17 for moving the retainer element 17 and the valve needle 5 away from the valve seat 7. In the third position, the armature 12 abuts the stopping face 23 of the stopping element 22.
- the stopping element 22, the armature 12, the retainer element 17 and the disc element 20 have rotationally symmetric basic shapes with regard to the longitudinal axis 14.
- the volume gap between the first recess 32 and the second recess 33 is decreased. Since the first and second recesses 23, 33 as well as the gap between them are filled with fuel, the decreasing of the gap may press the fuel into the first and second recesses 32, 33. This would cause a hydraulic dampening force against the movement of the armature 12.
- at least one channel 36, 40 is provided that connects the spring receptacle 35 with a further recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 through the armature 12 and/or through the retainer element 17.
- the further recess 37 may be embodied as an open or closed chamber of the fuel injector.
- the channel 36 is guided from the first recess 32 through the armature 12 to a region of the further recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to the disc element 20.
- the first spring element 34 projects from the armature 12 at one axial end of the armature 12 - specifically, the first recess 32 opens out towards the retainer element 17 at that axial end and the first spring element 34 projects from the first recess 32 to the retainer element 17.
- the channel 36 opens into the further recess 37 at the opposite axial end of the armature 12. Fuel can escape through the channel 36 should into the further recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 during a movement of the armature 12.
- the first recess 32 and the second recess 33 may have the same or different shapes.
- the first recess and the second recess 32, 33 may be embodied as circular ring recesses that are arranged symmetrical to the middle axis 14.
- the first and the second recesses 32,33 have a cylindrical shape and are arranged symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 14.
- the first spring element 34 may be embodied as coil spring that is arranged axial symmetric to the longitudinal axis 14.
- first recess 32 and the second recess 33 are adjacent to the valve needle 5 so that the valve needle 5 extends through the recesses 32, 33.
- first recess 32 and the second recess 38 may also be arranged within the armature 12 or the retainer element 17 with a distance to the valve needle 5.
- the channel 40 of the retainer element 17 extends from a bottom surface of the second recess 33 - the second recess 33 opening out towards the armature 12 and the first spring element 34 projecting from the second recess 33 to the armature 12 - to an axial end region of the retainer element 17 remote from the armature 12.
- Fig. 3 depicts a partial view of a second embodiment of a fuel injector 1 that is basically constructed as the fuel injector of Figures 1 and 2
- the spring receptacle 35 is only represented by the first recess 32 in the armature 12 and does not comprise a second recess 33 in the retainer element 17.
- the first spring element 34 is received in the spring receptacle 35.
- the first spring element 34 is disposed between the armature 12 and the retainer element 17.
- the channel 36 connects the spring receptacle 35 with an area of the further recess 37 adjacent to the disc element 20.
- the first recess 32 may also be arranged within the armature 12 a distance to the valve needle 5.
- FIG.4 depicts a partial view of a third embodiment of a fuel injector 1 that is basically constructed as the fuel injectors of the first and second embodiments.
- the armature 12 comprises the first recess 32 at an outer rim surrounding the further stopping face 24.
- the recess 32 is formed in an outer circumferential surface of the armature 12.
- the second recess 33 is not comprised by the retainer element 17 but by the stopping element 22.
- the second recess 33 circumferentially surrounds the stopping face 23.
- the first spring element 34 is arranged between and preloaded by the stopping member 22 and the armature 12 in the present embodiment.
- the first spring element 34 is arranged in the first recess 32 and in the second recess 33.
- the first and the second recess 32, 33 are arranged coaxial and overlapping in top view of the longitudinal axis 14.
- the first and the second recess 32, 33 represent the spring receptacle 35 for receiving the first spring element 34.
- the channel 36 connects the first recess 32 at the axial side of the armature 12 which faces towards the stopping element 22 hydraulically to a region of the further recess 37 on the opposite axial side of the armature.
- the channel 36 is guided from the first recess 32 through the armature 12 to a region of the further recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to the disc element 20.
- the further channel 40 is comprised by the stopping element 22, connecting the second recess 33 with a region of the further recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to an axial end of the stopping element 22 remote from the armature.
- the recesses 32, 33 are arranged at radial outer surfaces of the armature 12 and the stopping member 22.
- the first and the second recesses 32, 33 can also be arranged in other radial positions for example in a radial middle position of the stopping member 22 with regard to the longitudinal axis 14.
- Fig. 4 depicts the closed configuration of the fuel injector, wherein the armature 12 is in the first position lying on the disc element 20.
- the channel 36 provided in the armature 12 connects the first recess 32 with a region of the further recess 37 beside the disc element 20.
- the further channel 40 in the stopping element 22 connects the second recess 33 with a region 39 of the further recess 37 that is arranged radially between the valve body 8 and the stopping member 22.
- the channel 36 and the further channel 40 reduce the generation of hydraulic dampening effects during the movement of the armature 12.
- Fig. 5 depicts a schematic view on the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12, wherein the first recess 32 is circular and has a distance to the hole 13 through which the valve needle 5 extends.
- Fig. 6 depicts a schematic view on the further stopping face 24 of the armature 12 of the first and second embodiment, wherein the first recess 32 is cylindrical and the hole 13 opens into a bottom surface of the first recess 32.
- Fig. 7 depicts a schematic view on the lower surface 28 of the retainer element 17 according to the first embodiment, wherein the second recess 33 is cylindrical and the valve needle 5 extends through the second recess 32.
- the valve needle 5 is radially spaced from a lateral surface of the second recess 33.
- FIG.8 depicts a schematic view on the stopping face 23 of the stopping element 22 according to the third embodiment with a circular second recess 33 at an outer rim area.
- first and the second recess 32, 33 may have different shapes.
- first recess, the second recess and the further second recess 32, 33, 38 are axial symmetric with regard to the longitudinal axis 14 that is a middle axis of the fuel injector 1.
- the axial lengths of the first, second and/or further second recesses 32, 33, 38 are similar or equal or different.
- the width of the first, second and further second recesses 32, 33, 38 may be different, although equal widths are preferred in particular in case of a first spring element 34 having the same lateral dimensions at both axial ends.
- the retainer element 17 may be embodied as a ring that is fixed to the valve needle 5, for example by a welding connection and/or a crimped connection.
- the retainer element may be embodied in one part and in one material with the valve needle.
- the disc element 20 may be embodied as a ring plate that is fixed to the valve needle 5 for example by a welding connection.
- the ring plate may have an L-shaped cross-section.
- the disc element may be embodied in one part and in one material with the valve needle.
- each or only one of the spring receptacles 35 may be connected by a channel 36 and/or a further channel 40 that connect the spring receptacles 35 with the further recess 37.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention refers to a fuel injector.
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WO 2015/049195 A1 discloses a valve assembly for an injection valve for injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine, which valve assembly contains a valve needle, a valve spring and an electromagnetic actuator with a coil, a pole piece and a movable armature. The armature is set up to be moved in the axial direction towards the pole piece out of a first position by a predefined idle travel into a second position and from that by a predefined actuating travel into a third position, wherein the armature acts only between the second and the third position on the valve needle to move the valve needle to a fourth position. On a side which faces the pole piece a spring element bears against the armature, in order to press the armature in the direction of the first position. - It is an object of the proposed fuel injector to improve the technical function of the fuel injector especially to reduce hydraulic dampening effects during the function of the fuel injector. The object of the invention is achieved by the fuel injector according to claim 1. Further embodiments of the fuel injector are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- A fuel injector is disclosed. The fuel injector is in particular a fuel injector for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine. The injector comprises an inlet for fuel and a fuel line which connects the inlet to a valve. It further comprises an armature which is movably arranged between a first and a third position. Preferably, the injector comprises a valve body which defines at least a section of the fuel line. The armature is preferably positioned in a recess of the valve body. The first and third positions are in particular axial positions of the armature with respect to a longitudinal axis of the valve body.
- Further, the fuel injector comprises a valve needle which is movably arranged along an axis, in particular the longitudinal axis of the valve body. The valve needle is operable to control an opening of the valve. In particular the valve comprises a seat and a sealing element. The sealing element is in particular comprised by the valve needle; for example it is represented by a tip of the valve needle. The valve needle is in particular operable to prevent fuel flow through an injection opening of the valve when it is in a closing position. In the closing position, the sealing element may expediently be in sealing mechanical contact with the seat. The valve needle is in particular axially displaceable away from the closing position for unsealing the valve.
- In addition, the fuel injector comprises a retainer element which is fixed to or in one piece with the valve needle. In particular, the retainer element is positioned arranged adjacent to an axial end region of the valve needle which is remote from the sealing element.
- A first spring element is arranged between the armature and a member of the fuel injector. In particular, the first spring element is axially compressed by the armature and the member so that it is preloaded. The first spring element is operable to bias the armature away from the retainer element, i.e. in particular in axial direction towards the first position.
- The fuel injector further comprises an actuator for moving the armature from the first position to the third position, via a second position. In the first position, the armature is at a first distance to the retainer element. In the second position, the armature engages the retainer element to displace the valve needle away from the closing position. In particular, the armature acts only between the second and the third position on the valve needle to move the valve needle for unsealing the valve.
- The first spring element is arranged in a spring receptacle, at least in places. The spring receptacle comprises a first recess of the armature which is hydraulically connected to a further recess of the fuel injector by means of a channel which is comprised by the armature. Alternatively or additionally, the spring receptacle comprises a second recess of the member which is hydraulically connected to the further recess by means of a channel which is comprised by the member. The further recess is in particular the recess of the valve body outside of the armature or the member, respectively.
- In an expedient embodiment, the first spring element projects from the first recess on one axial side of the armature and the channel opens out into the further recess at the opposite axial side of the armature or at a circumferential surface of the armature. In another expedient embodiment, the first spring element projects from the second recess on one axial side of the member and the channel opens out into the further recess at the opposite axial side of the member or at a circumferential surface of the member.
- The proposed fuel injector provides the advantage that hydraulic dampening effects during the opening or closing the fuel injector are reduced. For example hydraulic dampening is reduced or eliminated during movement of the valve needle and/or the armature. This technical effect is attained by the channel(s) of the armature and/or the member that is/are connected with the first or second recess, respectively, and the further recess of the fuel injector.
- The invention makes use of the idea that the channel reduces pressure changes that may be generated in the spring receptacle by moving the armature and/or the valve needle. For example, during the movement of the armature towards the retainer element, fuel may be pressed towards the first and/or second recesses. Since the recesses are arranged in the fuel line and already filled up with fuel, this may lead to an increase of the fuel pressure in the recess(es) impeding further movement of the armature and/or the valve needle. By means of the channel(s) of the fuel injector according to the present disclosure, a particularly small magnitude or such hydraulic dampening effect is achievable. This is in particular due to the fact that the fuel can flow out of the recess(es) through the respective channel(s), thereby in particular avoiding or largely reducing buildup of elevated fuel pressure in the recess(es) during movement of the armature and the needle, respectively. Since the hydraulic dampening that is caused by the armature is at least partially decreased, the movement of the armature is accelerated. Furthermore, because of the channel also a displacement of the armature away from the third position to the second or first position is possible with less or no hydraulic dampening forces because fuel can flow, for example through the channel of the armature into the first recess, preventing or largely reducing a pressure difference that may be generated between the recess and the further recess of the fuel injector.
- In a further embodiment, the first recess is embodied as a circular ring recess that is arranged in the armature and/or the second recess is embodied as a circular ring recess that is arranged in the member of the fuel injector. The circular ring recess may be arranged axially symmetric with regard to a middle axis of the valve needle - which middle axis is in particular represented by the longitudinal axis of the valve body. A circular ring recess provides the advantage that the recess provides sufficient space for a circular spring element. Furthermore, the spring element can be axially symmetric arranged with regard to the middle axis of the valve needle. Therefore a symmetric spring force can be applied to the valve needle.
- In a further embodiment, the above-mentioned member of the fuel injector is represented by the retainer element. Preferably, the second recess is comprised by the retainer element. Furthermore, the first spring is arranged between - and in particular seated against and preloaded by - the retainer element and the armature.
- In an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned member of the fuel injector is a stopping element. The stopping element may be a part of a housing of the fuel injector that is provided for stopping the armature at the third position. The housing in particular comprises or consists of the valve body. The armature in particular abuts the stopping element in the third position so that the stopping element blocks further displacement of the armature away from the first position. In this embodiment the first spring is disposed between the stopping element and the armature. Also the first recess may be comprised by the stopping element. The stopping element may be made of magnetic material and operable to guide a magnetic field of a solenoid. The stopping element may be a pole piece - i.e. in particular a stationary core - of the actuator. In one development, is is press-fitted into the valve body. The solenoid is particular comprised by the actuator for axially displacing the armature.
- In a further embodiment, the first recess is a cylindrical recess of the armature. The recess is arranged in line - i.e. in particular coaxial - with the bore for the valve needle. In other words, the armature has a hole - i.e. the bore - through which the valve needle extends. The hole may open into a bottom surface of the cylindrical recess. The valve needle in particular extends also through the first recess. The recess extends circumferentially around the valve needle. The first spring element extends circumferentially around the valve needle in the first recess. It may be seated against the bottom surface of the first recess. Because of the symmetric shape of the recess and the spring element with respect to the middle axis of the valve needle the applied forces may be symmetrically applied.
- In a further embodiment, the second recess is a cylindrical recess in the retainer element. The valve needle extends through the second recess and is radially spaced from a lateral surface of the second recess. In other words, the second recess extends circumferentially around the valve needle. In addition, the spring element extends circumferentially around the valve needle in the second recess.
- In a further embodiment, the spring receptacle comprises both, the first recess and the second recess. In one development, the first recess and the second recess have the same shape, especially the same circular ring shape or cylindrical shape.
- Advantageous embodiments and developments of the fuel injector will become apparent from the exemplary embodiments described below in association with the figures.
- In the figures:
- Fig. 1
- depicts a schematic longitudinal section view of a fuel injector.
- Fig. 2
- depicts an enlarged longitudinal section view of a detail of one embodiment of a fuel injector.
- Fig. 3
- depicts an enlarged longitudinal section view of a detail of a second embodiment of a fuel injector.
- Fig. 4
- depicts an enlarged longitudinal section view of a detail of a third embodiment of a fuel injector.
- FIG. 5
- depicts a schematic view on an armature according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6
- depicts a schematic view on the armature of the first and second embodiments.
- FIG. 7
- depicts a schematic top view on the retainer element of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8
- depicts a schematic top view on the stopping element of the third embodiment.
- In the exemplary embodiments and figures, identical, similar or similarly acting constituent parts are provided with the same reference symbols. In some figures, individual reference symbols may be omitted to improve the clarity of the figures. The elements illustrated in the figures and their size relationships among one another should not be regarded as true to scale. Rather, individual elements may be represented with an exaggerated size for the sake of better representability and/or for the sake of better understanding.
- The fuel injector 1 comprises a
fuel inlet 2 that can be connected to a fuel line. The fuel injector 1 is for example executed in the shape of an injector for fuel injection systems for spark ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injector 1 is in this example embodied for a direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The fuel injector can also be embodied for other applications. - The fuel injector 1 comprises a
fuel line 3 that is guided from thefuel inlet 2 through the fuel injector 1 to afuel chamber 25 at a valve 4. An opening of the valve 4 is controlled by avalve needle 5. The valve 4 comprises a valve closure member 6 - i.e. a sealing element - that is arranged at a front tip of thevalve needle 5. Thevalve closure member 6 cooperates with a valve seat 7. The valve seat 7 is configured at a fuel outlet end of avalve body 8. Thevalve body 8 has a hollow and generally cylindrical shape. An upper section of the valve body is surrounded by anactuator housing 9 of the fuel injector 1. Theactuator housing 9 comprises amagnetic yoke 10. Depending on the used embodiment a laser welding connection may be used to connect thevalve body 8 with theyoke 10. - The fuel injector 1 comprises an electromagnetic actuator which has a
solenoid 11 that is arranged in thehousing 9. An excitation of thesolenoid 11 by an electrical excitation current is supplied via an electrical connecting line. - Furthermore an
armature 12 is disposed in thevalve body 8. Thearmature 12 comprises ahole 13 through which thevalve needle 5 projects. An outer face of thearmature 12 may be guided by an inner face of thevalve body 8. In a further embodiment the armature may be guided by the valve needle by means of thehole 13 being in sliding mechanical contact with thevalve needle 5. Thearmature 12 is axially displaceable in reciprocating fashion relative to thevalve body 8 between a first position and a third position with respect to thelongitudinal axis 14. - The
armature 12 is movably guided in thevalve body 8 parallel to the longitudinalmiddle axis 14 of thevalve needle 5 which coincides with the longitudinal axis of thevalve body 8. Thearmature 12 is axially guided by anouter surface 15 and a corresponding inner surface 16 of thevalve body 8. For example theouter surface 15 of thearmature 12 may have a circular cylindrical shape and also the inner surface 16 of thevalve seat support 8 may have a circular cylindrical shape. - The
valve needle 5 comprises aretainer element 17 that is connected at afirst end 18 of thevalve needle 5 opposite to a second end 19 of thevalve needle 5. The second end 19 is connected with thevalve closure member 6. Furthermore thevalve needle 5 comprises adisc element 20 that is positioned at the second end 19 of thevalve needle 5. Between theretainer element 17 and thedisc element 20, thearmature 12 is arranged so that it has an axial play with respect to thevalve needle 5 that is limited by theretainer element 17 and thedisc element 20 in opposite axial directions. Theretainer element 17 has the shape of a ring. Thedisc element 20 may have the shape of a circular plate. - The
valve needle 5 is movably arranged in the fuel injector 1 along themiddle axis 14; i.e. it is axially displaceable relative to thevalve body 8 in thefuel chamber 25. The valve needle is biased in direction to the valve seat 7 by preloaded asecond spring 21. Thesecond spring 21 is in one embodiment a spring element, in particular a coil spring. - Furthermore the fuel injector 1 comprises a stopping
member 22. The stoppingmember 22 may have a hollow cylindrical basic shape and extend circumferentially around theretainer element 17. The stoppingmember 22 has the shape of a sleeve with a circular stoppingface 23 that faces a further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12. The stoppingmember 22 may be embodied as a pole piece of the actuator, for example made of magnetic material for guiding the magnetic field of thesolenoid 11 to thearmature 12. - The fuel injector 1 functions as follows: Fuel is guided via the fuel inlet by the
fuel inlet 2 and thefuel line 3 to thefuel chamber 25 that surrounds the second end 19 of thevalve needle 5. Thefuel line 3 can be guided through specific bores in thevalve body 8, bores in thevalve needle 5 and/or fuel bores 27 in thearmature 12. Thefuel chamber 25 is arranged between the second end 19 of thevalve needle 5 and the valve seat 7 of thevalve body 8. When thevalve needle 5 is in a closing position, thefuel chamber 25 is closed by thevalve closure member 6, being in sealing contact with the valve seat 7. Thevalve needle 5 is biased in direction to the valve seat 7 by thesecond spring 21, pressing thevalve closure member 6 against the valve seat 7. In this closed configuration, no fuel is injected by the valve 4. Thearmature 12 is pressed against a second stoppingface 26 of thedisc element 20 by the bias of a first spring element 24 (not shown inFig. 1 ). This position is the first position of thearmature 12. In the first position the armature is axially spaced apart from theretainer element 17. - Fuel can be injected by the fuel injector 1 by energizing the
solenoid 11 for opening the valve 4. The energizedsolenoid 11 generates a magnetic field that attracts thearmature 12 in direction to the stoppingelement 22 until it engages in form-fit connection with the stoppingelement 22. This position - i.e. thearmature 12 being in form-fit connection with the stoppingelement 22 so that further axial displacement away from the first position is blocked - corresponds to the third position of thearmature 12. - During the movement of the
armature 12 from the first to the third position, thearmature 12 passes a second position where it comes in contact with theretainer element 17. The further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 abuts alower surface 28 of theretainer element 17. - The
lower surface 28 of theretainer element 17 is in the closed configuration of the fuel injector 1 closer to the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 than the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingelement 22. In other words, the axial gap between theretainer element 17 and thearmature 12 is smaller than the axial gap between thearmature 12 and the stoppingelement 22 when the fuel injector 1 is in the closed configuration. Therefore, thearmature 12 takes thevalve needle 5 with it when it travels from the second position further to the third position. Thus, the movingarmature 12 pushes theretainer element 17 away from the valve 4. Theretainer element 17 is rigidly fixed to thevalve needle 5 and therefore also thevalve needle 5 is pushed away from the valve 4. As a result also theclosure member 6 disengages from the valve seat 7. As a result an orifice 29 of the valve seat 7 is opened and fuel of thefuel chamber 25 can be injected via the orifice 29. Thearmature 12 moves away from the valve 4 until the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 abuts the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingelement 22 at the third position of thearmature 12. This corresponds to the fully open configuration of the fuel injector 1. - The injection can be stopped by stopping the current through the
solenoid 11. As a result the magnetic field decreases and the magnetic force that pulls thearmature 12 in the direction to the stoppingelement 22 also decreases and stops. Since the magnetic force gets smaller than the preload force of thesecond spring 21 that still biases thevalve needle 5 in direction to the valve seat 7, thevalve needle 5 is pushed with theclosure member 6 towards and into contact with the valve seat 7, thereby closing the orifice 29. Thesecond spring 21 is a resetting spring that is provided to hold thevalve needle 5 in a sealing position closing the orifice 29. - In the first position of the
armature 12, afirst gap 30 between thelower surface 28 of theretainer element 17 and the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 is smaller than a second gap 31 between the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 and the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingmember 22. However, these details are not shown inFig. 1 . - The
armature 12 is a moving member that is movably arranged parallel to themiddle axis 14 of the needle in the fuel injector 1 between the first and third positions via the second position. Thesolenoid 11 is comprised by an actuator that is provided for moving thearmature 12 from the first over the second to the third position. In the first position, thearmature 12 is at a first distance to theretainer element 17. In the second position, thearmature 12 abuts theretainer element 17. During the further movement, thearmature 12 moves theretainer element 17 and thevalve needle 5 until thearmature 12 abuts the stoppingelement 22 in the third position. - The proposed fuel injector makes use of the idea to reduce hydraulic effects on the
armature 12 that are caused by the movement of thearmature 12.Fig. 1 only depicts a principle embodiment and function of a fuel injector. The followingFigs. 2 to 4 show different embodiments of fuel injectors with less hydraulic forces caused by the moving of thearmature 12 in detail. -
Fig. 2 depicts an enlarged partial sectional view of a first embodiment of the fuel injector 1 that is basically embodied as shown inFIG.1 . For the sake of simplicity, only the right half of a longitudinal section of a detail of the fuel injector 1 is depicted. The fuel injector is basically axially symmetric to thelongitudinal axis 14 of thevalve needle 5. Thearmature 12 is depicted in the first position which means that the valve 4 is closed. - In the first position the
first gap 30 is arranged between the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 and thelower surface 28 of theretainer element 17. Furthermore the second gap 31 is arranged between the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 and the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingmember 22. Thefirst gap 30 is smaller than the second gap 31. The fuel injector 1 is basically rotationally symmetric to thelongitudinal axis 14. -
Fig. 2 depicts a partial view of aspring receptacle 35 comprising afirst recess 32 and asecond recess 33. Thefirst recess 32 is disposed at the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12. Thesecond recess 33 is disposed at thelower surface 28 of theretainer element 17. Thus, thespring receptacle 35 is arranged partially in theretainer element 17 and partially in thearmature 12. In other embodiments, there may only be thefirst recess 32 or the second recess 38 constituting thespring receptacle 35. Afirst spring element 34 is arranged in thespring receptacle 35. Thefirst spring element 34 is preloaded between theretainer element 17 and thearmature 12 so that it biases thearmature 12 with an axial force away from theretainer element 17 in direction to thedisc element 20. - The
first spring element 34 is arranged in thefirst recess 32 and in thesecond recess 33. In the shown embodiment, the first and thesecond recess longitudinal axis 14. The first and thesecond recess spring receptacle 35 for receiving thefirst spring element 34. - The force of the
first spring element 34 is lower than the force of thesecond spring element 21. The force of thefirst spring element 34 may be in an area between 2 N and 15 N. There may be a difference of about 5 to 50 N between the force of thesecond spring element 21 and the force of thefirst spring element 34 in one embodiment. - When the
solenoid 11 is excited by an electrical excitation current, thearmature 12 is pulled in direction to the stoppingelement 22. In the second position, thearmature 12 abuts thelower surface 28 of theretainer element 17 for moving theretainer element 17 and thevalve needle 5 away from the valve seat 7. In the third position, thearmature 12 abuts the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingelement 22. The stoppingelement 22, thearmature 12, theretainer element 17 and thedisc element 20 have rotationally symmetric basic shapes with regard to thelongitudinal axis 14. - During the movement of the
armature 12 from the first position to the third position the volume gap between thefirst recess 32 and thesecond recess 33 is decreased. Since the first andsecond recesses second recesses armature 12. To reduce this dampening force, at least onechannel spring receptacle 35 with afurther recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 through thearmature 12 and/or through theretainer element 17. Thefurther recess 37 may be embodied as an open or closed chamber of the fuel injector. In the shown embodiment, thechannel 36 is guided from thefirst recess 32 through thearmature 12 to a region of thefurther recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to thedisc element 20. Thefirst spring element 34 projects from thearmature 12 at one axial end of the armature 12 - specifically, thefirst recess 32 opens out towards theretainer element 17 at that axial end and thefirst spring element 34 projects from thefirst recess 32 to theretainer element 17. Thechannel 36 opens into thefurther recess 37 at the opposite axial end of thearmature 12. Fuel can escape through thechannel 36 should into thefurther recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 during a movement of thearmature 12. There may also be more than onechannel 36 that connect thespring receptacle 35 with thefurther recess 37 of the fuel injector. - Also when the
armature 12 is moved back from the third position back to the second or first position, then fuel can flow through thechannel 36 into thefirst recess 32 and into the gap between thearmature 12 and theretainer element 17. With advantage, hydraulic damping of the movement of the armature from the third to the first position due to the increasing of the volume of the gap is particularly small in this way. - The
first recess 32 and thesecond recess 33 may have the same or different shapes. For example the first recess and thesecond recess middle axis 14. In the present embodiment, the first and the second recesses 32,33 have a cylindrical shape and are arranged symmetrical to thelongitudinal axis 14. Thefirst spring element 34 may be embodied as coil spring that is arranged axial symmetric to thelongitudinal axis 14. - In the shown embodiment, the
first recess 32 and thesecond recess 33 are adjacent to thevalve needle 5 so that thevalve needle 5 extends through therecesses first recess 32 and the second recess 38 may also be arranged within thearmature 12 or theretainer element 17 with a distance to thevalve needle 5. - While a
channel 36 in thearmature 12 is preferred, it is also conceivable that afurther channel 40 is provided additionally or alternatively in theretainer element 17. In the present embodiment, thechannel 40 of theretainer element 17 extends from a bottom surface of the second recess 33 - thesecond recess 33 opening out towards thearmature 12 and thefirst spring element 34 projecting from thesecond recess 33 to the armature 12 - to an axial end region of theretainer element 17 remote from thearmature 12. -
Fig. 3 depicts a partial view of a second embodiment of a fuel injector 1 that is basically constructed as the fuel injector ofFigures 1 and2 However, in the present embodiment thespring receptacle 35 is only represented by thefirst recess 32 in thearmature 12 and does not comprise asecond recess 33 in theretainer element 17. Thefirst spring element 34 is received in thespring receptacle 35. - The
first spring element 34 is disposed between thearmature 12 and theretainer element 17. Thechannel 36 connects thespring receptacle 35 with an area of thefurther recess 37 adjacent to thedisc element 20. In other embodiments, thefirst recess 32 may also be arranged within the armature 12 a distance to thevalve needle 5. -
FIG.4 depicts a partial view of a third embodiment of a fuel injector 1 that is basically constructed as the fuel injectors of the first and second embodiments. - In contrast to the first and second embodiments, the
armature 12 comprises thefirst recess 32 at an outer rim surrounding the further stoppingface 24. In other words, therecess 32 is formed in an outer circumferential surface of thearmature 12. - Additionally in contrast to the first and second embodiment, the
second recess 33 is not comprised by theretainer element 17 but by the stoppingelement 22. Thesecond recess 33 circumferentially surrounds the stoppingface 23. Thefirst spring element 34 is arranged between and preloaded by the stoppingmember 22 and thearmature 12 in the present embodiment. Thefirst spring element 34 is arranged in thefirst recess 32 and in thesecond recess 33. In the shown embodiment, the first and thesecond recess longitudinal axis 14. The first and thesecond recess spring receptacle 35 for receiving thefirst spring element 34. - Similar to the first and second embodiments, the
channel 36 connects thefirst recess 32 at the axial side of thearmature 12 which faces towards the stoppingelement 22 hydraulically to a region of thefurther recess 37 on the opposite axial side of the armature. In the shown embodiment thechannel 36 is guided from thefirst recess 32 through thearmature 12 to a region of thefurther recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to thedisc element 20. - In the present embodiment, the
further channel 40 is comprised by the stoppingelement 22, connecting thesecond recess 33 with a region of thefurther recess 37 of the fuel injector 1 adjacent to an axial end of the stoppingelement 22 remote from the armature. - In the shown embodiment, the
recesses armature 12 and the stoppingmember 22. Depending on the used embodiment, the first and the second recesses 32, 33 can also be arranged in other radial positions for example in a radial middle position of the stoppingmember 22 with regard to thelongitudinal axis 14. -
Fig. 4 depicts the closed configuration of the fuel injector, wherein thearmature 12 is in the first position lying on thedisc element 20. Thechannel 36 provided in thearmature 12 connects thefirst recess 32 with a region of thefurther recess 37 beside thedisc element 20. Additionally thefurther channel 40 in the stoppingelement 22 connects thesecond recess 33 with aregion 39 of thefurther recess 37 that is arranged radially between thevalve body 8 and the stoppingmember 22. Also in this embodiment thechannel 36 and thefurther channel 40 reduce the generation of hydraulic dampening effects during the movement of thearmature 12. -
Fig. 5 depicts a schematic view on the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12, wherein thefirst recess 32 is circular and has a distance to thehole 13 through which thevalve needle 5 extends. -
Fig. 6 depicts a schematic view on the further stoppingface 24 of thearmature 12 of the first and second embodiment, wherein thefirst recess 32 is cylindrical and thehole 13 opens into a bottom surface of thefirst recess 32. -
Fig. 7 depicts a schematic view on thelower surface 28 of theretainer element 17 according to the first embodiment, wherein thesecond recess 33 is cylindrical and thevalve needle 5 extends through thesecond recess 32. Thevalve needle 5 is radially spaced from a lateral surface of thesecond recess 33. -
FIG.8 depicts a schematic view on the stoppingface 23 of the stoppingelement 22 according to the third embodiment with a circularsecond recess 33 at an outer rim area. - For all shown embodiments the first and the
second recess second recess longitudinal axis 14 that is a middle axis of the fuel injector 1. Depending on the used embodiments, the axial lengths of the first, second and/or furthersecond recesses second recesses first spring element 34 having the same lateral dimensions at both axial ends. - For all shown embodiments, the
retainer element 17 may be embodied as a ring that is fixed to thevalve needle 5, for example by a welding connection and/or a crimped connection. In a further embodiment the retainer element may be embodied in one part and in one material with the valve needle. - For all shown embodiments, the
disc element 20 may be embodied as a ring plate that is fixed to thevalve needle 5 for example by a welding connection. The ring plate may have an L-shaped cross-section. In a further embodiment the disc element may be embodied in one part and in one material with the valve needle. - Furthermore there might be an embodiment with a combination of
FIG.2 andFIG.4 or withFIG.3 andFIG.4 with twospring elements 34 and with twospring receptacles 35. Also in this embodiment each or only one of thespring receptacles 35 may be connected by achannel 36 and/or afurther channel 40 that connect thespring receptacles 35 with thefurther recess 37.
Claims (12)
- A fuel injector (1) for a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, comprising:an inlet (2) for fuel;a fuel line (3) connecting the inlet (2) to a valve (4);an armature (12) being movably arranged between a first and a third position;a valve needle (5) being movably arranged along an axis (14) controlling an opening of the valve (4);a retainer element (17) being fixed to or in one piece with the valve needle (5);a first spring element (34) being arranged between the armature (12) and a member (17, 22) of the fuel injector (1) and biasing the armature (12) away from the retainer element (17);the first spring element (34) being arranged in a spring receptacle (35);an actuator for moving the armature (12) from the first position to the third position via a second position, wherein- in the first position, the armature (12) is at a first distance to the retainer element (17),- in the second position, the armature (12) engages the retainer element (17) to displace the valve needle (5) away from a closing position,- the spring receptacle (35) comprises a first recess (32) of the armature (12) which is hydraulically connected to a further recess (37) of the fuel injector (1) by means of a channel (36) comprised by the armature (12) and/or the spring receptacle (35) comprises a second recess (33) of the member (17, 22) which is hydraulically connected to the further recess (37) by means of a channel (40) comprised by the member (17, 22).
- Fuel injector of the preceding claim, wherein the first recess (32) and/or the second recess (33) is embodied as a circular ring recess.
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the member of the fuel injector is a stopping element (22) of the fuel injector which the armature (12) abuts in the third position so that the stopping element (22) blocks further displacement of the armature (12) away from the first position for of the armature (12),
- Fuel injector of the preceding claim, wherein the stopping element (22) is a pole piece of the actuator which is made of magnetic material and operable to guide a magnetic field that is generated by a solenoid (11) of the actuator.
- Fuel injector of any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the member of the fuel injector is the retainer element (17).
- Fuel injector of the preceding claim, wherein the second recess (33) is embodied as a cylindrical recess in the retainer element (17), wherein the second recess (33) extends circumferentially around the valve needle (5), and wherein the first spring element (34) extends circumferentially around the valve needle (5) in the second recess (33).
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first recess (32) is a cylindrical recess, wherein the armature (12) has a hole (13), wherein the valve needle (5) extends through the hole (13), wherein the recess is arranged coaxial with the hole (13) for the valve needle (5), wherein the recess (32) extends circumferentially around the valve needle (5), and wherein the first spring element (34) extends circumferentially around the valve needle (5) in the first recess (32).
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein a disc element (20) is connected with the valve needle (5), wherein the armature (12) is arranged between the retainer element (17) and the disc element (20), wherein the armature (12) is biased towards the disc element (20) by the first spring element (34).
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring receptacle (35) comprises the first recess (32), and the second recess (33), and wherein preferably the first recess (32) and the second recess (33) have the same shape.
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a second spring element (21) which is operable to bias the valve needle (5) towards a seat (7) of the valve (4).
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first spring element (34) is a spiral spring or a leaf spring.
- Fuel injector of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the armature (12) has a hole (13), wherein the valve needle (5) projects through the hole (13).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15189838.4A EP3156638B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2015-10-14 | Fuel injector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP15189838.4A EP3156638B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2015-10-14 | Fuel injector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3156638A1 true EP3156638A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
EP3156638B1 EP3156638B1 (en) | 2020-03-18 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15189838.4A Active EP3156638B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2015-10-14 | Fuel injector |
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Cited By (2)
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EP3339628A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-27 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Valve assembly for an injection valve and injection valve |
WO2018206382A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering a fluid |
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DE102013010271A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Mazda Motor Corporation | A direct injection engine fuel injection system, direct injection engine, method of controlling an engine, and computer program product |
WO2015049195A1 (en) | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Valve assembly for an injection valve |
EP2871353A1 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering fluid |
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WO2002068811A1 (en) * | 2001-02-24 | 2002-09-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve |
EP1602821A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-07 | Denso Corporation | Fuel injection valve |
US20090288640A1 (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2009-11-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Fuel injection valve |
JP2011069331A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-04-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Fuel injection device |
DE102013010271A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Mazda Motor Corporation | A direct injection engine fuel injection system, direct injection engine, method of controlling an engine, and computer program product |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3339628A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-27 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Valve assembly for an injection valve and injection valve |
WO2018115197A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-28 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Valve assembly for an injection valve and injection valve |
WO2018206382A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering a fluid |
CN110612390A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2019-12-24 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Valve for metering a fluid |
KR20200003824A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-01-10 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | Fluid metering valve |
JP2020519805A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-07-02 | ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングRobert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering fluid |
US20200386199A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2020-12-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering a fluid |
EP3779172A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2021-02-17 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Valve for metering a fluid |
CN110612390B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2022-05-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Valve for metering a fluid |
EP4033087A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2022-07-27 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Valve for metering a fluid |
US11852106B2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2023-12-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for metering a fluid |
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