EP3145468A1 - Système de freinage apte à équiper un fauteuil roulant à propulsion électrique, kit d'aide à la propulsion électrique et fauteuil roulant électrique comportant un tel système - Google Patents
Système de freinage apte à équiper un fauteuil roulant à propulsion électrique, kit d'aide à la propulsion électrique et fauteuil roulant électrique comportant un tel systèmeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3145468A1 EP3145468A1 EP15719738.5A EP15719738A EP3145468A1 EP 3145468 A1 EP3145468 A1 EP 3145468A1 EP 15719738 A EP15719738 A EP 15719738A EP 3145468 A1 EP3145468 A1 EP 3145468A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brakes
- control
- wheelchair
- signal
- braking system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1005—Wheelchairs having brakes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1005—Wheelchairs having brakes
- A61G5/1021—Wheelchairs having brakes engaging specific brake elements
- A61G5/1024—Brake discs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a braking system capable of equipping a wheelchair with electric propulsion. It also relates to an electric propulsion kit for equipping a wheelchair and an electric wheelchair comprising such a system.
- a service brake that brings the wheelchair to a stop without exceeding a certain stopping distance and which is a function of the initial speed
- the power-vacuum brake which is also a parking brake and is widely used on current engine systems, prevents the user from manually driving his wheelchair if the motors are engaged.
- the only way to lift this brake is to disengage the motors. In theory it is also possible to lift this brake electronically but it consumes the energy of the battery and then assumes that the battery is charged.
- an activatable braking system either electronically or by the user, this system serving as an automatic brake, service brake and parking brake.
- An object of the invention is in particular to allow the realization of such a braking system.
- the subject of the invention is a braking system capable of equipping an electric powered wheelchair, said system comprising at least:
- Two hydraulic brakes each adapted to equip a driving wheel of said chair, said brakes being activated by an electrical signal and a manual control;
- control device controllable by a user, supplying said electrical signal
- a brake control module generating a control signal for said brakes as a function of said electrical signal supplied by the control device and of the chair speed regulation setpoint; said brakes being actuated by means of an electromagnetic actuator controlled by an activation signal which is a function of the control signal generated by said control module.
- said brakes being operable by hydraulic pressure
- the hydraulic pressure in said brakes is generated by said electromagnetic actuator controllable by the control signal provided by the control module.
- said brakes being actuable by a wire
- the tension of the wire in said brakes is generated by said electromagnetic actuator controllable by the control signal provided by the control module.
- the electromagnetic actuator is for example constrained in such a way that in the absence of an activation signal, said hydraulic brakes are activated.
- Said activation signal is for example a combination of the control signal supplied by the control module and signals representative of the proper operation of wheelchair propulsion elements, the activation signal being present when each representative signal indicates a good operation.
- the electromagnetic actuator is for example a tubular electromagnet.
- Said system comprises for example a sensor, said sensor indicating that the brakes are activated or deactivated, in the latter case the electrical operation of the motors being inhibited in the absence of an auxiliary command.
- the invention also relates to an electric propulsion assistance kit adapted to equip a wheelchair with two electric motors each adapted to equip a drive wheel of said chair, said kit comprising a braking system as described above.
- the controller produces, for example, motor speed control signals and brake activation control signals.
- the control module produces, for example, motor speed control signals and brake activation control signals.
- the invention also relates to an electric wheelchair having two motors each equipped with an electric motor, said wheelchair being equipped with a braking system as described above.
- the controller produces, for example, motor speed control signals and brake activation control signals.
- the control module produces, for example, motor speed control signals and brake activation control signals.
- FIG. 3 a block diagram showing different elements involved in an electric propulsion system of a wheelchair
- FIG. 5 an exemplary embodiment of a brake activation control of a wheelchair, in a system according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows a person moving in a manual wheelchair. The person controls the movement of the chair by exerting a circular thrust forward or back on the handrail 2 coupled to each wheel 1 driving, causing the rolling of these wheels.
- Two small wheels 5 at the front complete the four-wheel device to ensure the stability of the wheelchair, the latter which are free to rotate about a vertical axis help the wheelchair user to go.
- An electric propulsion help device reduces or eliminates these physical efforts.
- Such a device comprises two electric motors, a motor being coupled to each wheel to drive it in rotation.
- the motors used may be of the brushless motor type, also called “brushless” motors.
- Other types of motors can be used, such as DC motors.
- the motor torque delivered by a motor may be a function of the drive movement applied to the handrail 2.
- a control member such as a joystick for example, also called “joystick” attached to the frame of the chair and more particularly on the armrest for easy handling by the user.
- the joystick thus makes it possible to control the motors forwards or backwards, to adjust the drive speed of the wheels, and to turn to the left or to the right by activating one or the other of the motors.
- Electric propulsion works perfectly on regular soils.
- the electric propulsion devices according to the prior art indeed allow wheelchair users to move easily in interiors, provided there is room and there is no unevenness. They also allow easy movement on sidewalks or flat roads.
- a braking system provides a service brake which, when actuated and while the wheelchair is in freewheel mode is able to bring the wheelchair to a standstill, all other types of braking imposed by the standards being integrated into the same system.
- such a system comprises two hydraulic brakes electrically controlled and manually, a brake being provided for each drive wheel 1.
- Figure 2 illustrates the mounting of a hydraulic brake for a drive wheel.
- the brake disk 21 is mounted on the wheel facing the engine 20 while the caliper is mechanically secured to the frame 22 of the wheelchair. More precisely the disc is fixed on the hub of the wheel, unrepresented pads rubbing on each side of the disc. These pads are held in the stirrup. The pads are subjected to hydraulic pressure according to a well known mechanism.
- the stirrup is mounted on a retractable arm 23 to move the stirrup of the brake disc, a tab 24 being provided to release the stirrup.
- FIG. 3 shows the connection diagram between the different modules involved in the electric propulsion of a wheelchair.
- a control card 31 contains the servocontrol circuits and calculation of the torque value to be applied to the right motor 32 and the torque value to be applied to the left engine 33.
- the values of the driving torque to be applied are for example transmitted to motors via a set voltage.
- an electrical connection 34, 35 is provided respectively between the card and the right engine and the card and the left engine.
- the control card comprises the interface and amplification means necessary for transmitting the setpoint voltages to the motors. Since the torque calculations are performed by digital circuits, the card also includes the analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters needed to interface with the other modules.
- control card 31 is connected to a control device 36.
- This device may be of the joystick or other type. It sends to the control card an analog or digital control signal.
- the link 37 between the control device 36 and the control card 31 may be wired or of the wireless network type.
- the modules 31, 32, 33, 36 and their connections can be fixed by construction on the chair, if it is all basic electric. They can also be part of a kit equipping a basic manual propulsion chair.
- FIG. 4 presents a block diagram of the braking system which is superimposed on the connection diagram of the electric propulsion elements of FIG. 3.
- An electromagnetic actuator 41 is connected to the control device 36 and to a manual control member 42, for example a joystick. Subsequently, the electromagnetic actuator will be an example of a tubular electromagnet, other types of electromagnetic actuators may be used.
- connection of the electromagnet to the control device allows electrical control of the electromagnet.
- the mechanical connection connecting the lever 42 to the electromagnet allows mechanical control of the electromagnet.
- the hydraulic circuit of the tubular electromagnet 41 is extended by hoses 43, 44 leading the liquid actuating the brake discs.
- the electromagnet is thus itself connected by a hose 43, 44 to the brake disc 21 of the right wheel and to the brake disc 21 1 of the left wheel.
- the electromagnet can be activated and deactivated by an electric signal or by a manual control 42.
- the electromagnet As for the electrical control of the electromagnet, it is particularly adapted to the safety standards imposed on a wheelchair. Indeed, the electromagnet is forced by a thrust spring of the emitter cylinders of the hydraulic circuit, meaning that the hydraulic brake is active in the absence of the power supply of the electromagnet.
- the power supply circuit is such that in case of failure of a module, the electromagnet is not electronically powered.
- the control device 36, the control card 31 and the electric motors 32, 33 each constitute a module.
- the control card 31 can optionally be separated into two cards, a card being assigned to each engine with the components necessary to achieve operation equivalent to a solution to a single control card.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a power supply scheme for the electromagnet 41 meeting the above constraints.
- a terminal of the coil of the electromagnet is connected to a supply Vcc while its other terminal is connected to a set of transistors T1, T2, T3 in series, the last transistor T3 being connected to a reference potential 50, a mechanical mass for example.
- the example of FIG. 5 comprises three transistors. One can provide a solution with as many transistors as there are modules. For the coil of the electromagnet to be energized, the circuit between the supply Vcc and the reference potential 50 must be closed, that is to say that all the transistors T1, T2, T3 in series with the coil are controlled at closing. Each transistor is controlled by a signal V P , V c , V M from a module.
- the module When the module is in good condition, it sends a control signal of its associated transistor, typically a voltage.
- a control signal of its associated transistor typically a voltage.
- the signal In case of failure of the module, for example a failed drive card or a failed motor, the signal is no longer generated and the corresponding transistor is no longer controlled at closing.
- the opening of the transistor causes the power supply to be cut off from the electromagnet 41, which activates the hydraulic brakes, since the brake can no longer be deactivated. This increases the security for the user.
- the control card sends a voltage V P to keep the first transistor T1 closed
- an electronic card of the control device sends a voltage V c to the second transistor T2 and the internal circuit of each motor sends a voltage V M on the third transistor T3.
- the assembly of FIG. 5 is equivalent to providing an activation signal of the electromagnet, a combination of the three signals V.sub.p , V.sub.c , V.sub.M , so that, in the absence of this activation signal electromagnet activates braking.
- the voltage V P issued from the control card in addition to the safety function as described above has a function of controlling and regulating the braking. Indeed, this voltage, resulting from the processing performed by the control card, is a function of the braking command from the user via the control device and / or the speed control of the chair.
- the electrical assembly of FIG. 5 is an example of implementation for the control of the electromagnet.
- Other montages are of course possible to reproduce the activation signal of the electromagnet as a combination of signals representative of the proper functioning of certain elements controlling and ensuring the propulsion of the wheelchair, the propulsion comprising both driving the wheels in rotation and braking.
- the user can deactivate the brakes to, for example, switch to manual propulsion mode or electric propulsion assistance mode, the latter being activated by through the handrails for example. This deactivates the brake without consuming battery power, which is advantageous knowing the importance of battery life.
- the wheelchair can not operate in all electric with the electric control.
- a sensor arranged for example in the brake lever 42, indicates whether the brakes are activated or not, that is to say in working condition or not. If the brakes are disabled, the chair is prevented from operating in all-electric mode but allows it for example to operate in an electric propulsion assistance mode or in a manual mode.
- the prevention of all-electric operation is for example produced by the control card 31 which stops the operation of the motors from a signal from the sensor 42 indicating that the brakes are disabled.
- the control card 31 may nevertheless control the operation of the engines from an auxiliary control, particularly in the case of an electric propulsion assistance, this auxiliary control may for example be an action on the handrail.
- a system according to the invention requires only a sensor to ensure the disengagement.
- the operation of a wheelchair equipped with a braking system is therefore as follows.
- the hydraulic braking is controlled both by the user via the control device 36, a joystick for example or any other member, or by the control card 31 of the motors according to the regulated speed.
- the hydraulic brakes are activated. If the wheelchair is moving, it continues its momentum until its complete stop under the action of the brakes. The user can deactivate the brakes via the brake lever 42 and switch to freewheel mode, the user being able to activate the brakes by means of the lever 42.
- a braking system according to the invention adapted to equip a wheelchair, has been described with hydraulic brakes actuated by hydraulic pressure.
- the hydraulic brakes may be operable by other means.
- hydraulic brakes of the type operable by a wire In this case, it is no longer the pressure level that forces braking but the tension of the thread.
- the tension of the wire is then generated by the tubular electromagnet 41, itself controllable by the control signal supplied by the control module 31.
- a system according to the invention can take the form of a kit intended to equip a wheelchair or be permanently implanted on an all-electric wheelchair.
- the braking system according to the invention can be coupled to a system for assisting electric propulsion.
- a kit according to the invention therefore comprises for example at least:
- This kit may also include an electric propulsion assistance system, the control device 36 and the control card 31 being shared between the two systems.
- the kit then comprises two electric motors 20 adapted to be mounted each on a wheel of a wheelchair.
- a battery is of course designed to supply all the electrical circuits of all the elements.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1454583A FR3021279B1 (fr) | 2014-05-21 | 2014-05-21 | Systeme de freinage apte a equiper un fauteuil roulant a propulsion electrique, kit d'aide a la propulsion electrique et fauteuil roulant electrique comportant un tel systeme. |
| PCT/EP2015/060011 WO2015176962A1 (fr) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-07 | Système de freinage apte à équiper un fauteuil roulant à propulsion électrique, kit d'aide à la propulsion électrique et fauteuil roulant électrique comportant un tel système |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3145468A1 true EP3145468A1 (fr) | 2017-03-29 |
Family
ID=51483600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15719738.5A Withdrawn EP3145468A1 (fr) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-05-07 | Système de freinage apte à équiper un fauteuil roulant à propulsion électrique, kit d'aide à la propulsion électrique et fauteuil roulant électrique comportant un tel système |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3145468A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3021279B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015176962A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105496667B (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-05-18 | 深圳市迈康信医用机器人有限公司 | 电动轮椅刹车控制系统及电动轮椅 |
| DE102022108906A1 (de) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-10-12 | Sunrise Medical Gmbh | Bremsbetätigungsvorrichtung mit elektronischer Signalvorrichtung |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070040349A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-02-22 | Zhao Tianyun | Portable Power-Saving and Foldable Electric Wheel Chair |
| US8684113B1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-04-01 | Gregory Edward Laconis | Attachable, powered drive apparatus for wheelchairs |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8616573B1 (en) * | 2011-08-13 | 2013-12-31 | Cias, Inc. | Manual wheelchair travels straight on sloped sidewalk surfaces |
-
2014
- 2014-05-21 FR FR1454583A patent/FR3021279B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-05-07 EP EP15719738.5A patent/EP3145468A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-05-07 WO PCT/EP2015/060011 patent/WO2015176962A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070040349A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-02-22 | Zhao Tianyun | Portable Power-Saving and Foldable Electric Wheel Chair |
| US8684113B1 (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-04-01 | Gregory Edward Laconis | Attachable, powered drive apparatus for wheelchairs |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2015176962A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3021279B1 (fr) | 2017-10-13 |
| WO2015176962A1 (fr) | 2015-11-26 |
| FR3021279A1 (fr) | 2015-11-27 |
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