EP3144540B1 - Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz - Google Patents

Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3144540B1
EP3144540B1 EP15185447.8A EP15185447A EP3144540B1 EP 3144540 B1 EP3144540 B1 EP 3144540B1 EP 15185447 A EP15185447 A EP 15185447A EP 3144540 B1 EP3144540 B1 EP 3144540B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
gas turbine
compressor stage
aircraft engine
cascade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP15185447.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3144540A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Humhauser
Roland Matzgeller
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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Priority to EP15185447.8A priority Critical patent/EP3144540B1/fr
Priority to US15/245,388 priority patent/US10280934B2/en
Publication of EP3144540A1 publication Critical patent/EP3144540A1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • F04D29/324Blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/02Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D19/028Layout of fluid flow through the stages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542Bladed diffusers
    • F04D29/544Blade shapes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/30Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F05D2220/323Application in turbines in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00Geometry
    • F05D2250/70Shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compressor stage for a gas turbine, a gas turbine with at least one such compressor stage, an aircraft engine with such a gas turbine and a method for designing such a compressor stage and a method for designing a compressor of such a gas turbine, in particular an aircraft engine.
  • compressor stages of gas turbines have been designed in such a way that their throttling factor ⁇ is always less than 5.16 minus 1.33 times the aspect ratio AR ax defined by the quotient of mean duct height h and mean chord length lax ( ⁇ ⁇ -1.33 ARax + 5.16).
  • An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to improve a gas turbine.
  • one or more compressor stages of a compressor or one or more compressor stages of several compressors of a gas turbine, in particular an aircraft engine gas turbine, which (each) have a rotor cascade and a guide cascade, are aerodynamically designed such that the throttling factor ⁇ and the aspect ratio AR ax (in each case ) of the condition defined by the quotient of mean channel height h and mean chord length lax ⁇ > ⁇ 1.33 ⁇ AR ax + 5:16 enough.
  • one or more compressor stages for a compressor or one or more compressor stages for several compressors of a gas turbine in particular an aircraft engine gas turbine, in particular one or more compressor stages of a compressor or one or more compressor stages of several compressors of a gas turbine, in particular suffice an aero engine gas turbine, each having a rotor blade and a vane blade, (each) of the condition ⁇ > ⁇ 1.33 ⁇ AR ax + 5:16 with the throttle factor ⁇ and the aspect ratio AR ax defined by the quotient of the mean channel height h and the mean chord length lax .
  • a rotor cascade has a plurality of rotor blades spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which are arranged on a rotor which is rotatable (bearing) about a main or machine axis, in particular by a turbine of the gas turbine.
  • the blades can be detachably or integrally attached to the rotor or formed integrally with it. In one embodiment, they can be without a shroud or have a closed outer shroud.
  • a guide vane has a plurality of guide vanes which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction and are arranged in a fixed or adjustable manner on a housing which surrounds the rotor. In one embodiment, they can be without a shroud or have a closed inner shroud.
  • the guide vane is arranged adjacent to a guide vane downstream or to the moving vane downstream.
  • it can be a so-called guide vane for converting kinetic energy generated by the rotating rotor cascade into pressure energy from the air flowing through the gas turbine.
  • the compression stage in the sense of the present invention consists of the moving cascade and the guide cascade.
  • the mean chord length lax is defined in the usual way as the geometric mean of the distance between the inlet and outlet edges of the rotor cascade or the compressor stage.
  • AR ax H / l ax .
  • the aspect ratio AR ax is greater than 0.5. Additionally or alternatively, according to one embodiment, the aspect ratio AR ax is less than 2.5. As a result, a particularly advantageous compressor stage can be made available.
  • a total pressure ratio ⁇ of one or more of the compressors is at least 40, in particular at least 45.
  • a particularly advantageous compressor can thereby be made available.
  • a bypass ratio BPR (by-pass ratio) of the aircraft engine is at least 10, in particular at least 12.
  • a particularly advantageous aircraft engine can thereby be made available.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a partially schematic manner an aircraft engine with a fan 1 and a gas turbine, which is only for a more compact representation and by way of example only a compressor 9, a downstream combustion chamber 5, a high-pressure turbine 6, which is coupled to the compressor 9 via a rotor 10, and a Has low-pressure turbine 7, which is coupled to the fan 1.
  • a core flow 8 flows through the gas turbine and a bypass or bypass flow 2 flows around it.
  • the compressor 9 has a plurality of compressor stages, each of which has a fixed-rotor rotor cascade 3 and a guide cascade 4 adjacent downstream.
  • One or more of these compressor stages 3, 4 are or are designed in such a way that the throttle coefficient ⁇ and the aspect ratio AR ax defined by the quotient of the average channel height h and the average chord length 1 ax of the condition ⁇ > ⁇ 1.33 ⁇ AR ax + 5:16 it is sufficient if the aspect ratio AR ax is greater than 0.5 and less than 2.5.
  • the total pressure ratio ⁇ of the compressor 9 is at least 45, the bypass ratio BPR of the aircraft engine is at least 12.
  • the aircraft engine or the gas turbine can have, in particular, a low-pressure compressor and a downstream high-pressure compressor, and in a further development also a medium-pressure compressor arranged between them, with at least one of these compressors being designed in the manner explained above as an example with reference to the compressor 9 can.
  • a low-pressure compressor and a downstream high-pressure compressor and in a further development also a medium-pressure compressor arranged between them, with at least one of these compressors being designed in the manner explained above as an example with reference to the compressor 9 can.
  • Equally, low and high pressure compressors can also be understood as a compressor within the meaning of the present invention.
  • the fan 1 can be coupled to the high-pressure turbine 6 in particular via a gearbox.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Étage de compresseur pour une turbine à gaz, en particulier d'un moteur d'aéronef, comportant une grille mobile (3), une grille directrice (4) en particulier adjacente en aval, et comportant un chiffre d'étranglement (σ), caractérisé en ce que le chiffre d'étranglement (σ) et le rapport d'aspect ARax défini par le quotient de la hauteur de canal moyenne (h) de l'étage de compresseur ou de la grille mobile (3) et de la longueur de corde moyenne (lax) de l'étage de compresseur ou de la grille mobile (3) satisfont à la condition σ > 1,33 AR ax + 5,16
    Figure imgb0016
  2. Étage de compresseur selon la revendication précédente,
    caractérisé en ce que le rapport d'aspect ARax est supérieur à 0,5 et/ou inférieur à 2,5.
  3. Turbine à gaz comportant au moins un compresseur (9) comportant au moins un étage de compresseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  4. Turbine à gaz selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce qu'un rapport de pression totale Π d'au moins l'un des compresseurs est d'au moins 40, en particulier d'au moins 45.
  5. Moteur d'aéronef comportant une turbine à gaz selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  6. Moteur d'aéronef selon la revendication précédente,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un taux de dilution BPR du moteur d'aéronef est d'au moins 10, en particulier d'au moins 12.
  7. Procédé permettant de concevoir au moins un étage de compresseur d'au moins un compresseur d'une turbine à gaz, en particulier d'un moteur d'aéronef, comportant une grille mobile (3), une grille directrice (4) en particulier adjacente en aval, et comportant un chiffre d'étranglement (σ), caractérisé en ce que l'étage de compresseur est conçu de manière aérodynamique de telle sorte que le chiffre d'étranglement σ et le rapport d'aspect ARax défini par le quotient de la hauteur de canal moyenne (h) de l'étage de compresseur ou de la grille mobile (3) et de la longueur de corde moyenne (lax) de l'étage de compresseur ou de la grille mobile (3) satisfont à la condition σ > 1,33 AR ax + 5,16
    Figure imgb0017
  8. Procédé permettant de concevoir au moins un compresseur d'une turbine à gaz, en particulier d'un moteur d'aéronef, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un étage de compresseur du compresseur est conçu selon la revendication précédente.
  9. Procédé permettant de concevoir au moins un compresseur selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce qu'un rapport de pression totale Π du compresseur est d'au moins 40, en particulier d'au moins 45.
  10. Procédé permettant de concevoir un compresseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un taux de dilution BPR du moteur d'aéronef est d'au moins 10, en particulier d'au moins 12.
EP15185447.8A 2015-09-16 2015-09-16 Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz Active EP3144540B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15185447.8A EP3144540B1 (fr) 2015-09-16 2015-09-16 Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz
US15/245,388 US10280934B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2016-08-24 Gas turbine compressor stage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15185447.8A EP3144540B1 (fr) 2015-09-16 2015-09-16 Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3144540A1 EP3144540A1 (fr) 2017-03-22
EP3144540B1 true EP3144540B1 (fr) 2023-05-10

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EP15185447.8A Active EP3144540B1 (fr) 2015-09-16 2015-09-16 Étage de compresseur de turbine à gaz

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US10280934B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3144540B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2406126A (en) * 1942-03-21 1946-08-20 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Blade arrangement for axial compressors
US2749027A (en) * 1947-12-26 1956-06-05 Edward A Stalker Compressor
US2830754A (en) * 1947-12-26 1958-04-15 Edward A Stalker Compressors
US2605956A (en) * 1949-08-13 1952-08-05 Chrysler Corp Power conversion machine
US2726806A (en) * 1950-12-02 1955-12-13 A V Roe Canada Ltd Axial compressor
US2846136A (en) * 1951-07-19 1958-08-05 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Multi-stage axial flow compressors
US2846137A (en) * 1955-06-03 1958-08-05 Gen Electric Construction for axial-flow turbomachinery
US2990106A (en) * 1956-10-12 1961-06-27 English Electric Co Ltd Axial flow multi-stage compressors
GB992941A (en) * 1963-11-29 1965-05-26 Bristol Siddeley Engines Ltd Improvements in rotary bladed compressors and turbines
US3775023A (en) * 1971-02-17 1973-11-27 Teledyne Ind Multistage axial flow compressor
US4116584A (en) * 1973-10-12 1978-09-26 Gutehoffnungshutte Sterkrade Ag Device for extending the working range of axial flow compressors
US4011028A (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-03-08 Anatoly Nikolaevich Borsuk Axial-flow transsonic compressor
DE102005052466A1 (de) * 2005-11-03 2007-05-10 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Mehrstufiger Verdichter für eine Gasturbine mit Abblasöffnungen und Einblasöffnungen zum Stabilisieren der Verdichterströmung
US8292574B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2012-10-23 General Electric Company Advanced booster system
US7967571B2 (en) * 2006-11-30 2011-06-28 General Electric Company Advanced booster rotor blade
US20160052621A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2016-02-25 Peter Ireland Energy efficiency improvements for turbomachinery
CH705822B1 (de) * 2011-11-16 2016-01-29 Alstom Technology Ltd Axialverdichter für eine Strömungsmaschine, insbesondere eine Gasturbine.
US9109608B2 (en) * 2011-12-15 2015-08-18 Siemens Energy, Inc. Compressor airfoil tip clearance optimization system
US10125724B2 (en) * 2012-01-17 2018-11-13 United Technologies Corporation Start system for gas turbine engines
US20130192198A1 (en) * 2012-01-31 2013-08-01 Lisa I. Brilliant Compressor flowpath
JP6185781B2 (ja) * 2013-07-23 2017-08-23 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 軸流圧縮機
US9759230B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2017-09-12 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Multistage axial flow compressor
US10378554B2 (en) * 2014-09-23 2019-08-13 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Gas turbine engine with partial inlet vane

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Publication number Publication date
EP3144540A1 (fr) 2017-03-22
US10280934B2 (en) 2019-05-07
US20170074271A1 (en) 2017-03-16

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