Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
  • E21B17/08—Casing joints
  • E21B17/085—Riser connections
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/01—Risers
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
  • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
  • E21B17/046—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like with ribs, pins, or jaws, and complementary grooves or the like, e.g. bayonet catches
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/18—Pipes provided with plural fluid passages

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of drilling and oil exploitation of deposit in very deep sea. It concerns a riser section.
• a riser (or “riser”) is formed by a set of tubular elements of length between 15 and 27 m (50 and 90 feet), assembled by connectors.
• the tubular elements generally consist of a main tube provided with connectors at each end.
• Tubular auxiliary pipes also called peripheral pipes commonly called “kill line”, “choke line”, “booster line” and “hydraulic line” allowing the circulation of technical fluids are provided parallel to the main tube.
• the tubular elements are assembled on the drilling site, from a floating support. The column descends into the water portion as the assembly of the tubular elements, until reaching the wellhead located on the seabed.
• the need to reduce the assembly time of the risers is all the more critical as the water depth, and therefore the length of the column, are important.
• the documents FR 2925105, FR 2956693 and FR 2956694 describe various solutions including proposing to involve the auxiliary conduits, together with the main tube, the recovery of the longitudinal forces applied to the riser.
• the attachment of the auxiliary lines relative to the main tube causes tensile forces in the auxiliary lines.
• the thicknesses of the auxiliary lines are large, which generates an increase in the mass, the size of the floats and consequently the cost of the riser.
• the connectors proposed in these patents are not completely removable, which makes it difficult to inspect and maintain the riser.
• the present invention describes a solution that provides a compact design of the connectors by means of a locking ring disposed between the main line and the auxiliary lines.
• the connector according to the invention is well suited for risers installed in the deep sea, that is to say at a depth greater than 2000 meters.
• the connector according to the invention is removable, and the interference problems of the connections of the auxiliary lines are limited.
• An riser section includes a main tube member extended by a male connector member and a female connector member, wherein a lock ring is mounted on said male connector member, wherein said riser portion includes further at least one auxiliary tube member, said male and female connector members extending the main tube member by increasing the section and thickness of said main tube member to form flanges for the passage of said auxiliary tube member.
• Said lock ring is disposed between said main tube member and said auxiliary tube member, in that the inner surface of said lock ring comprises a first set of tenons, and the outer surface of said female connector member comprises a second set of pins; tenons, and in that said male connector element comprises a third series of tenons on its outer face, and the inner surface of said locking ring comprises a fourth series of tenons adapted to cooperate with said third series of tenons.
• At least one tenon of the third and fourth series of tenons is projecting over an angular range that is distinct from the angular range of the tenons of the first and second series of tenons.
• each row of the first and second series of tenons comprises a number of tenons distinct from the number of tenons of each row of the third and fourth series of tenons.
• the first and second sets of tenons comprise at least one row of four tenons
• the third and fourth sets of tenons comprise at least one row of three tenons.
• the first and second series of tenons comprise a row number distinct from the row number of the third and fourth series of tenons.
• the first and second series of tenons comprise two rows of tenons, and the third and fourth series of tenons comprise a row of tenons.
• each series of tenons is composed of at least two rows of at least four tenons.
• a sleeve is fixed inside said male connector element, said sleeve being able to cooperate with the female connector element to form a tight connection.
• said riser section comprises a locking ring cooperating with the peripheral surfaces of said flanges to assemble said flanges.
• the inner face of said locking ring is provided with a first set of tenons and the peripheral surface of the flange of said female connector element comprises a second set of tenons.
• the inner face of said locking ring is provided with a third series of tenons and the peripheral surface of the flange of said male connector element comprises a fourth series of tenons adapted to cooperate with said third series of tenons.
• said auxiliary tube member is a steel tube shrunk by reinforcing threads, such as glass, carbon, or aramid fibers embedded in a polymer matrix.
• said auxiliary tube element is integral with the two flanges of said male and female connector elements.
• said auxiliary tube element is integral with a flange of said male and female connector elements and is connected by a sliding pivot connection with the other flange of said male and female connector elements, said sliding pivot connection allowing a relative translational movement between said main tube member and said auxiliary tube member to a limited distance by game adjustment means placed on said auxiliary tube member.
• said game adjustment means is formed by a nut or a threaded piece.
• said auxiliary tube element is extended on the one hand by a female end and on the other hand by a male end equipped with a nut.
• said auxiliary tube element is extended on the one hand by a female end and on the other by a receptacle, in which is inserted a male pin equipped with a stop.
• said auxiliary tube element is extended on the one hand by a receptacle, in which is inserted a female pin, and on the other hand by a receptacle, in which is screwed a male threaded pin, said male threaded pin comprising a shoulder.
• said distance is limited by said clearance adjustment means is between 0 and 31, 75 mm, preferably between 2.54 mm and 25.4 mm.
• the invention relates to a riser comprising at least two riser sections according to the invention, for which the connection between two consecutive sections is carried out by means of said male and female connector elements and said locking ring.
• said distance of the relative translation movement of said sliding pivot connection is set so as to be positive when connecting at least two sections of said riser, and to be zero when using said riser.
• the invention also relates to the use of a riser according to the invention for carrying out a well drilling operation at sea.
• Figure 1 shows schematically a riser according to the invention.
• Figure 2 illustrates a riser section according to one embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 illustrates the connection of two riser sections according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 4 illustrates an exploded view before connection of the locking ring and the female connector element according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a locking ring according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 6 illustrates the connection of two riser sections according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 7 illustrates a locking ring for the second embodiment of the invention.
• Figures 8 to 10 show three alternative embodiments according to the invention of an auxiliary line.
• FIG. 11 is a curve representing the mass of the riser as a function of the clearance for an example according to the invention.
• Figure 12 shows the pins of a locking ring according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a riser 1 installed at sea.
• the riser 1 extends the well P and extends from the wellhead 2 to a floating support 3, for example a platform or a boat.
• the wellhead 2 is provided with shutter commonly called “B.O.P.” or “Blow Out Preventer”.
• the riser 1 is constituted by the assembly of several sections 4 assembled end to end by connectors 5. Each section is composed of a main tube element 6 provided with at least one auxiliary pipe element 7, also called pipe peripheral.
• the auxiliary lines called “kill line” or “choke line” are used to ensure the safety of the well during the course of the procedures for controlling the inflow of fluids under pressure in the well.
• the "choke” line is a safety line that carries fluids (oil, water, gas) from the well during an approach and directs them to the choke manifold and the torch.
• the line “kill” is a safety line that allows to inject into the well heavy fluids and cements to stop an otherwise uncontrollable eruption.
• the auxiliary line called “booster line” allows to inject mud into the well in order to increase its speed of ascent and to avoid the sedimentation of the cuttings; it is also used to replace the sludge contained in the riser with water before disconnecting.
• the pipe called “hydraulic line” allows to control the shutter of the wellhead.
• the hydraulic lines are used to supply the safety devices of the BOPs (valves and accumulators) with hydraulic fluid (distilled water charged with glycol) under pressure.
• FIG. 2 diagrammatically represents a section 4 of the riser according to one embodiment of the invention.
• the section 4 comprises a main tube element 6 whose axis is the axis of the riser.
• the auxiliary tubes 7 constitute lines or auxiliary lines arranged parallel to the axis of the main tube.
• the auxiliary tube elements 7 have lengths substantially equal to the length of the main tube element 6, generally between 10 and 30 meters.
• two lines 7 are schematized.
• a connector 5 shown in FIG. 1 consists of two elements designated, with reference to FIG. 2, by the female connector element 8 and the male connector element 9.
• the connector elements 8 and 9 are mounted at the ends of the connector main tube element 6.
• the female connector element 8 is integral with the tube 6, for example by means of welding, screwing, crimping or a wedge connection.
• the male connector element 9 is integral with the tube 6, for example by means of welding, screwing, crimping or a wedge connection.
• the assembly of the male connector element 9 with a female connector element 8 of another section forms the connector 5 which transmits forces of a riser section to the next section, in particular the longitudinal forces to which the riser is subjected. .
• the connector 5 can be designed and dimensioned to meet the specifications mentioned by the API 16 R and API 2RD standards published by the American Petroleum Institute.
• FIG. 3 represents a male connector element 9 which is fitted into a female connector element 8. A portion of the male connector element 9 penetrates into the female connector element 8. This interlocking is limited by an axial abutment: the end of the male connector element 9 abuts against the axial shoulder formed on the inner surface of the female connector element 8: the axial shoulder formed on the outer surface of the male connector element 9 abuts against the shoulder
• the male connector element 9 may comprise a sleeve 10 fixed in the male connector element.
• the sleeve 10 has a role of centering and sealing male connector elements 9 and female 8.
• the attachment of the sleeve 10 can be performed by welding, threading, gluing, hooping or any other similar means.
• the connector 5 comprises a locking ring 1 1 which is mounted on the male connector element 9 and which is positioned between the main tube element 6 and the auxiliary tube element 7: the locking ring January 1 is positioned on the outer surface of the male connector elements 9 and female 8, and the auxiliary tube element 7 is located outside the locking ring January 1.
• the distance between the axis of the auxiliary tube element 7 and the axis of the main tube 6 is greater than the sum of the outer radius of the locking ring January 1 and the radius of the element 7.
• the ring 1 1 has a diameter smaller than the peripheral diameter (the largest diameter) of the 9 and female connector elements 8.
• a portion of the ring 1 1 comes into contact with the outer surface of the female connector element 8 so that a series of tenons 12 located on the inner surface of the ring January 1 cooperate with a series of tenons located on the outer face of the female connector element 9.
• the locking and unlocking of the connector 5 are made by rotation of the ring 1 1 (locking bayonet type).
• the ring 1 1 may be provided with a means of maneuver, for example a maneuvering bar which can be dismountable. The operating bar is used to rotate the ring 1 1.
• the longitudinal forces that is to say which are directed along the axis of the main tube, are transmitted from a section 4 to the adjacent section 4 via the bayonet type connection between the ring 1 1 and the 8. More precisely, the longitudinal forces are transmitted from the studs 12 of the ring 1 1 to the tenons of the female connector element 8.
• the locking ring January 1 is mounted on the male connector element 9.
• the locking ring January 1 comprises on its inner face another series of tenons 16 cooperating with a series of tenons located on the outer face of the male connector element 9.
• the locking ring January 1 is fixed to the male connector element, when riser sections are connected.
• the ring 1 1 is secured to the male connector element 9 by means of pins (not shown in Figure 3).
• this embodiment of the locking ring January 1 makes it possible to make a fully removable connector to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the connector.
• This embodiment also makes it possible to produce a ring 1 1 and male connector elements 9 and 8 female quasi-symmetrical, which facilitates their manufacture.
• the ring January 1 is mounted on the outer surface of the male connector element 9. It is maintained by means of the series of tenons of the ring and the male connector elements 9 and female 8. Thus, the axial forces pass from the male connector element 9 to the female connector element 8 via the teeth without passing through the sleeve 10.
• the locking ring January 1 is formed in one piece, to simplify its assembly and for better mechanical strength.
• the female connector element 8 and the ring 1 1 respectively comprise a series of tenons consisting of two rings (or rows) of tenons or lugs, making it possible to ensure the axial locking of the connector 5.
• tenons preferably extend in radial directions.
• each ring (row) of tenons comprises at least four tenons.
• the female connector element 8 comprises a first ring 8A of four tenons and a second ring 8B of four tenons.
• the ring 1 1 also comprises a first ring 12A of four tenons and a second ring 12B of four tenons.
• FIG. 4 represents only the lower part of the ring 11, that is to say only the part connected to the female connector element 8.
• the tenons are angularly offset from one crown to the other and inscribed in cylindrical surfaces of different radii.
• the first and second rings of the ring January 1 are respectively inscribed in cylindrical surfaces of radius r and R (with r ⁇ R).
• the first and second rings of the female connector element 8 are respectively inscribed in cylindrical surfaces of radius r 'and R' (with r ' ⁇ R').
• the radius r is slightly greater than the radius R 'so that the tenons of the second ring of the female connector element 8 can slide and rotate freely inside the cylinder formed by the inner surface of the tenons of the first ring of the ring 1 1.
• the lugs 12A of the first ring of the ring 1 1 cooperate with the lugs 8A of the first ring of the female connector element 8 to form a bayonet assembly.
• the tenons 12B of the second ring of the ring 1 1 cooperate with the tenons 8B of the second ring of the female connector element 8.
• the female connector element 8 when the female connector element 8 is engaged in the ring 11, the female connector element 8 follows a translation movement in the direction of the axis of the main tube in the following steps:
• the first ring 8A of the female connector element 8 passes inside the second ring 12B of the ring 11, and then
• the tenons 8A of the first ring of the female connector element 8 engage between the tenons 12A of the first ring of the ring 1 1 and simultaneously tenons
• the lugs 12B of the second ring of the ring January 1 are housed in a groove (shown schematically in Figures 3 and 4) formed in the female connector element 8 between the first ring 8A and the second ring 8B of the female connector element 8 and the tenons 12A of the first ring of the ring January 1 are housed in a groove (shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 3 and 4) made in the female connector element 8 under the first ring 8A of the female connector element 8.
• the ring 11 is pivoted so that the tenons of the ring 1 1 are positioned facing the pins of the female connector element.
• the tenons 12A of the first ring of the ring 1 1 are positioned opposite the tenons of the first ring of the connector element female 8 and the tenons 12B of the second ring of the ring 1 1 are positioned opposite the tenons 8B of the second ring of the female connector element 8.
• the tenons of the ring 1 1 are in axial abutments with respect to the tenons of the female connector element 8 and translationally block the female connector element 8 with respect to the male connector element 9.
• Each of the two bayonet assembly systems can provide between the tenons of the female element 8 and the tenons of the ring January 1 contact over a total angular range that can reach 175 °.
• the two assembly systems being angularly offset around the axis of the connector, the connector according to the invention allows to distribute the axial loads about 350 ° around the axis.
• the ring 1 1 and the female connector element 8 may each comprise only one crown: the tenons of the single ring of the ring 1 1 cooperate with the tenons of the single ring of the female connector element 8.
• the number of tenons per ring may vary, in particular depending on the diameters of the inner tube and the forces to be transmitted by the connector.
• the bayonet locking system of the ring 1 1 in the male connector element 9 to the means of the series of tenons 16 is similar to the bayonet locking system of the ring 1 1 in the female connector element 8:
• the male connector element 9 and the ring 1 1 comprise respectively two rings (or rows) of tenons or lugs, to ensure the axial locking of the connector 5,
• the tenons preferably extend in radial directions
• each ring (row) of tenons comprises four pins ...
• FIG. 5 shows a ring 1 1 according to this embodiment.
• the locking ring January 1 comprises a series of tenons 12 adapted to cooperate with a female connector element 8 to form a bayonet assembly and a series of pins 16 adapted to cooperate with a male connector element 9 to form a bayonet assembly.
• Each set of tenons is composed of two crowns with four tenons.
• the series of tenons 12 comprises a first ring 12A and a second ring 12B cooperating with two rings of the female connector element 8.
• the series of tenons 16 comprises a first ring 16A of tenons and a second ring 16B of tenons.
• the series of tenons 16 is similar to the series of tenons 12, and the connection of the series of tenons 16 within the male connector element 9 is identical to the connection of the series of tenons 12 within the female connector element 8.
• the locking ring 1 1 is substantially symmetrical. Thanks to this assembly, the axial forces pass from the male connector element 9 to the female connector element 8 via the teeth without passing through the sleeve 10.
• the male connector element 9 comprises a sleeve 10
• the male connector element 9 can be symmetrical to the female connector element 8.
• connection ring 1 1 relative to the male connector element 9, there can be provided pins supporting the weight of the ring when the connection is unlocked.
• a locking system makes it possible to lock the ring 1 1 in rotation.
• the bayonet assembly on the side of the male connector element comprises a separate angular connection range of the angular connection range on the side of the female connector element, so that the two connections are not simultaneous.
• at least one tenon, preferably all tenons, third and fourth sets of tenons protrudes over an angular range distinct from the angular range of the tenons of the first and second series of tenons.
• the angular range of connection of the male element is different from the angular range of connection of the female element. It is then possible to get rid of the mounting pins, because when connecting the female connector element, the pins of the male connector elements remain in contact to ensure the locking side female connector.
• the bayonet assembly on the side of the male connector element comprises a distinct number of pins of the bayonet assembly on the side of the connector. female connector element.
• the stops may be provided to limit the rotations of the ring.
• the stops may be made by a block integral with the locking ring and disposed on the outer surface of the locking ring, and parts protruding from the male flange, against which the block of the ring can come to bear.
• Three protruding parts can be made: a first serving as locking stop, a second serving as unlocking stop of the female element, and a third serving as unlocking stop of the male element (after removing the second stop) .
• the first and second series of tenons comprise at least one row of four tenons and the third and fourth series of tenons (male connector element side) comprise at least one row of three tenons.
• the four pins of the connection with the female connector element extend over an angular range of about 45 ° and the three pins of the connection with the male connector element extend over an angular range of about 60 °.
• the series of tenons can all (male connector side and female connector side) comprise the same number of rows of pins, preferably two or more.
• the series of tenons on the side of the male connector may comprise a number of distinct rows, preferably less than the number of rows of pins on the female connector side.
• the first and second series of tenons comprise two rows of tenons and the third and fourth series of tenons (male connector element side) comprise a single row of tenons.
• connection of two sections by the locking ring can be achieved by the following steps:
• connection by rotation (for example up to a stop) so that the tenons of the two connector elements rest entirely on the tenons of the locking ring, and optionally securing the ring by means of a pin and of a block.
• the disconnection of two sections by the locking ring can be achieved by the following steps:
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 is integrally connected at each of its ends to the main pipe 6.
• the riser section 4 comprises at each at its ends fixing means, which make it possible to axially link an auxiliary pipe element 7 to the main pipe 6.
• the fastening means make it possible to transmit longitudinal forces from the main pipe 6 to the auxiliary pipe elements 7
• these fixing means make it possible to distribute the tensioning forces applying to each of the sections of the riser between the main tube 6 and the auxiliary pipe elements 7.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or a flange 23 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide.
• the auxiliary tube element 7 comprises a stop, for example a nut or a shoulder for axially position the auxiliary tube element 7 with respect to the flange 23.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or flange 24 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 comprises a stop, for example a nut or a shoulder, for axially positioning the auxiliary pipe element 7 with respect to the flange 24.
• the flanges 23 and 24 have forms of revolution around the axis of the main tube.
• the flanges 23 and 24 extend the main tube members 6 by increasing the thickness and the outer section of the tube, to form respectively shoulders.
• the outer section of the flanges 23 and 24 varies progressively along the axis of the main tube, so as to avoid a sudden variation in section between the main tube 6 and the shoulders which would weaken the mechanical strength of the connector 5.
• flanges 23, 24 are arranged on either side of the locking ring January 1: the spacing between the flanges 23 and 24 is greater than the height of the locking ring January 1.
• the outside diameter of the flanges 23, 24 is greater than the diameter of the locking ring 11.
• the flanges 24 and 23 form one-piece pieces respectively with the male connector element 9 and the female connector element 8.
• the fixing means made up of the abutments make it possible to block the axial translations of an auxiliary tube element 7 in both directions with respect to the main tube 6.
• the combination of the fastening means makes it possible to completely secure the auxiliary tube element. 7 with respect to the main tube element 6.
• the auxiliary tube elements 7 participate, together with the main tube element 6 in the recovery of the longitudinal forces applied to the column 1.
• the shape and, in particular, the thickness of the flanges 23 and 24 are determined to support the longitudinal forces transmitted to the auxiliary pipe elements 7.
• a connector may consist of a spigot end located at one end of the auxiliary tube element 7 and a spigot end located at the other end of the auxiliary tube element 7.
• the spigot end cooperates with Sealed with the female end of another auxiliary tube element 7.
• the male member of the connector is a tubular portion which fits into another tubular portion of the socket.
• the inner surface of the female end is fitted to the outer surface of the male end. Seals are mounted in machined grooves on the inner surface of the female member to seal the connection. The coupling allows axial displacement of one of the auxiliary tube elements 7 relative to the other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
• the auxiliary tube elements 7 may be provided with a device for compensating the differences in length between the main tube 6 and the auxiliary tube elements 7 due to manufacturing tolerances.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 is integrally connected with a recess connection (without relative movement between the parts) at one end of the main tube. 6 and is connected by a sliding pivot connection with the other end of the main tube.
• a sliding pivot connection designates a bond which links a first solid to a second solid, the first solid being able to translate with respect to the second solid in the direction of an axis and the first solid that can pivot relative to the second solid. around this same axis.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide and pivot in its axial direction relative to the main pipe 6, the auxiliary pipe element 7 is not free of movement in the radial and tangential directions, that is to say say in the directions of a plane perpendicular to Figure 3.
• the riser section 4 comprises at each of its ends connecting means, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3, which allow one side to axially link an auxiliary pipe element 7 to the main pipe 6 and to the other side forming the sliding pivot connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe 6.
• connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the female connector element 8, and the pivot connection sliding between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the male connector element 9.
• the recess connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is made at the male connector element 9, and the sliding pivot connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the female connector element 8. Only this first variant is described in the following description, the second variant is deduced by symmetry.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or flange 23 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 comprises a stop, for example a nut or a shoulder for positioning axially the element 7 relative to the flange 23.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or flange 24 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide and pivot.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 comprises a clearance adjusting means 15 (or adjustable stop) for limiting the relative movement between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the flange 24.
• the clearance adjusting means 15 form a stop arranged at an adjustable distance J of the flange 24.
• the female connector elements 8 and male 9 have forms of revolution around the axis of the main tubular element.
• the flanges 23 and 24 may comprise reinforcements positioned in line with certain auxiliary lines (for example "choke line” and "kill line”).
• the connector elements 8 and 9 extend the main tube element 6 by increasing the thickness and the outer section of the tube, to form respectively the shoulders or flanges 23 and 24.
• the outer section of the elements connectors 8 and 9 varies gradually along the axis 8, so as to avoid a sudden change in section between the tube 6 and the shoulders 23 and 24 which would weaken the mechanical strength of the connector 5.
• the flanges 23 and 24 form holidays.
• the auxiliary tubes 7 are subjected to axial compression forces generated by the internal / external pressure difference which generates a "bottom effect" which applies to the ends of tubes (for example the auxiliary lines may be subjected to pressure of the order of 1034 bar or 15000 psi). Under these pressures, the elements of the main tube elongate and the elements of the auxiliary tubes are shortened until the clearance J is zero. When the set J becomes zero, all the lines lengthen identically. The elements of the main tube 6 are able to lengthen because they have to support all or partially, firstly the weight of the riser and the weight of the drilling mud, and secondly, the tension forces imposed on the riser to keep it substantially vertical.
• the main tube elements at the top of the riser undergo the maximum tension forces, so the maximum elongation.
• the elements of the auxiliary tubes 7 are may be shortened by the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure due to the fluid they contain. Indeed, the fluid applies a pressure on the ends of the auxiliary tube elements 7 by imposing compression forces on the auxiliary tube elements 7.
• the radial deformation of the tube due to the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure causes a shortening of the tube.
• the elements 4 at the bottom of the riser that is to say near the seabed, undergo the maximum internal / external pressure difference, thus the maximum shortening.
• the auxiliary tube element 7 and the main tube element 6 at the same height can vary in length independently of one another.
• the clearance J becomes zero, that is to say when the clearance adjusting means 15 is in contact with the flange 24, the auxiliary tube element 7 and the corresponding main tube element 6 form an assembly.
• the auxiliary tube element 7 is integral with the main tube element 6 on the one hand at fastening means, and on the other hand at the stop which is in contact with the flange 24.
• connections make it possible to distribute the tensioning forces applying to each of the sections of the riser, between the main tube 6 and the auxiliary pipe elements 7.
• the integration according to the invention via the installation of the play J makes it possible to increase the contribution of the main tube and consequently to reduce the axial forces in the peripheral lines.
• the reduction of the axial forces in the peripheral lines thanks to this integration has a benefit on the dimensioning of the end pieces and on the dimensioning of the thicknesses of the auxiliary tubes.
• the game J is chosen as a function of the length of the section, in fact the deformations of the different lines depends on the length thereof.
• clearance J is set between 0 and 1.5 inches (0 and about 38.1 mm).
• the clearance J is chosen between 0.1 and 1 inch, (2.54 and 25.4 mm) for an optimal distribution of the forces in the lines, making it possible to generate a decrease in the mass of the riser.
• the clearance J is selected between 0.1 and 0.25 inches (2.54 and 6.35 mm).
• the clearance J is selected between 0.25 and 1 inch (6.35 mm and 25.4 mm).
• a preferred solution with a good compromise is a clearance of about 0.5 inches (12.7 mm) or an inch (25.4 mm).
• the clearance adjusting means 15 is made by a nut or by a threaded element.
• the clearance J is adjusted (before connection of the sections) as a function of the forces and pressures applied on the main tube elements 6 and the tube elements Auxiliary 7.
• the presence of play has a benefit on the sizing of the tips of the peripheral lines and on the sizing of the thicknesses of the peripheral lines.
• FIGS. 8 to 10 illustrate three alternative embodiments of an auxiliary tube element 7 equipped with game adjustment means.
• the elements 7 of auxiliary lines are connected end-to-end by means of connectors.
• a connector is composed of a male end 14 located at one end of the element 7 and a female end 13 located at the other end of the element 7.
• a male end 14 cooperates sealingly with the endpiece female 13 of another element 7.
• the male end 14 of the connector is a tubular portion which fits into another tubular portion 13.
• the inner surface of the female end 13 is fitted to the outer surface of the the male end 14. Seals are mounted in grooves machined on the inner surface of the female end 13 to seal the connection.
• the connection allows axial movement of one of the elements 7 relative to each other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
• the male end 14 and female 13 are fixed for example by welding or crimping to a central tube having substantially the same length as the main pipe element 6 which is attached to the auxiliary pipe element 7.
• the game adjustment means is formed by a nut 15 positioned on the spigot end 14 on a threaded portion which is not intended to be inserted into a socket 13.
• the elements 7 of auxiliary lines are connected end-to-end by means of connectors.
• a connector is composed of a male pin 18 inserted into a receptacle 17 at one end of the element 7 and a female end 13 located at the other end of the element 7.
• the male pin 18 cooperates sealingly with the female end piece 13 of another element 7.
• the male pin 18 of the connector is a tubular portion which fits into another tubular portion 13.
• the inner surface of the female endpiece 13 is adjusted to the outer surface of the male pin 18.
• Seals are mounted in grooves machined on the inner surface of the female end 13 to seal the connection. The connection allows axial movement of one of the elements 7 relative to each other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
• the female end piece 13 is fixed for example by welding or crimping to a central tube having substantially the same length as the main pipe element 6 to which is attached the auxiliary pipe element 7.
• the receptacle 17 is fixed for example by welding or crimping to the central tube.
• the male pin 18 is fixed to the receptacle 17 in particular by screwing.
• the male pin 18 is a wear part that can be changed during the maintenance of the column uplink.
• the clearance adjustment means is formed by a nut 15 positioned on the male pin 18 on a threaded portion that is not intended to be inserted into a socket 13.
• the elements 7 of auxiliary lines are connected end-to-end by means of connectors.
• a connector is composed of a male pin 21 inserted into a receptacle 17 at one end of the element 7 and a female pin 19 inserted in a receptacle 20 at the other end of the element 7.
• the male pin 21 cooperates sealingly with the female pin 19 of another element 7.
• the male pin 21 of the connector is a tubular portion which is inserted into another tubular portion 19.
• the inner surface of the female pin 19 is fitted to the outer surface of the pin 21. Seals are mounted in grooves machined on the inner surface of the female pin 19 to seal the connection.
• the connection allows axial movement of one of the elements 7 relative to each other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
• the receptacle 20 is fixed for example by welding or crimping to a central tube having substantially the same length as the main pipe element 6 to which is attached the auxiliary pipe element 7.
• the female pin 19 is fixed to the receptacle 20 in particular by screwing.
• the receptacle 17 is fixed for example by welding or crimping to the central tube.
• the male pin 21 is fixed to the receptacle 17 in particular by screwing.
• the male pin 21 and female 19 are wear parts that can be changed during maintenance of the riser.
• the game adjustment means is formed by the pin 21 which is threaded in the receptacle and which has a shoulder 22 providing the stop.
• the auxiliary tube elements 7 are tubes shrunk by reinforcing threads, such as glass, carbon, or aramid fibers embedded in a polymer matrix.
• the resistance and the weight of the auxiliary lines are optimized.
• the present invention is particularly suitable for the fretted auxiliary tube elements which have the advantage of reducing the thickness of steel and therefore the weight of the riser.
• the disadvantage of hooping to have a lower stiffness in bending is compensated by the clearance that limits the buckling of the auxiliary lines.
• the main tube and auxiliary tube elements may be composed of aluminum alloy or titanium alloy.
• the device according to the invention offers an interesting solution for quickly and simply mounting a riser whose tensioning forces are distributed between the auxiliary tube elements and the main tube. Indeed, although the elements of tubes 7 and the main tube element 6 are mounted to jointly support the voltage forces applied to the column, the connection of a riser section 4 to another riser section 4 is performed in a single operation by means of the rotation of the locking ring 1 1. This connection makes it possible to connect and seal the main tube element 6 of a section 4 with that of the other section 4 and, simultaneously, to communicate and to seal the auxiliary pipe elements 7 d one of the sections 4 with those of the other section 4.
• the compact connector according to the invention makes it possible to minimize the bending forces in the flanges 23 and 24, and therefore to reduce the dimensions of the flanges 23 and 24 and to reduce the weight of the connectors.
• the fact that the ring 1 1 is positioned between the main tube element 6 and the auxiliary tube elements 4 increases the resistance of the connector. Indeed, the ring 1 1 maintains the flanges 23 and 24 and prevents their bending. In addition, this positioning makes it possible to reduce the problem of interference of the connections of the auxiliary lines 7 because the bending moments generated by the off-axis axial forces are of opposite signs. In addition, in the locked position, the tenons of the ring 1 1 are engaged with the tenons of the female connector element 8 which are positioned on the solid part of the female connector element 8.
• the combination of the locking ring lock and the existence of play in the connection of the auxiliary tube elements optimizes the weight of the riser.
• the riser section further comprises a locking ring for the connection of two consecutive sections.
• This locking ring is said to be external or peripheral because it cooperates with the periphery (the outermost part: with the largest diameter) of the flanges of the male and female connector elements, so as to assemble them.
• the auxiliary lines are therefore inside the locking ring.
• FIG. 6 illustrates the second embodiment of the invention with a game adjustment means.
• the elements identical to the first embodiment are designated by the same reference signs.
• a male connector element 9 is fitted into a female connector element 8. A portion of the male connector element 9 enters the female connector element 8. This interlocking is limited by an axial stop: the end of the male connector element 9 abuts against the axial shoulder formed on the inner surface of the female connector element 8: the shoulder axial force on the outer surface of the male connector element 9 abuts against the axial shoulder formed on the inner surface of the female connector element 8.
• the male connector element 9 can comprise a sleeve 10 fixed in the male connector element.
• the sleeve 10 has a role of centering and sealing male connector elements 9 and female 8.
• the attachment of the sleeve 10 can be performed by welding, threading, gluing, hooping or any other similar means.
• non-illustrated alternative embodiments may be envisaged, such as an extension of the main tube element 6.
• the connector 5 comprises a locking ring 11 which is positioned between the main tube element 6 and the auxiliary tube element 7.
• a locking ring 11 which is positioned between the main tube element 6 and the auxiliary tube element 7.
• part of the 1 1 ring comes into contact with the outer surface of the female connector element 8 so that a series of pins 12 on the inner surface of the ring 1 1 cooperate with a series of tenons located on the outer face of the female connector element 9.
• the locking and unlocking of the connector 5 are made by rotation of the ring 1 1 (bayonet type locking).
• the locking ring January 1 is mounted on the male connector element 9.
• the locking ring January 1 comprises on its inner face another series of tenons 16 cooperating with a series of tenons located on the outer face of the male connector element 9.
• the locking ring January 1 is fixed to the male connector element, when riser sections are connected. In unlocked situation, the ring 1 1 is secured to the male connector element 9 by means of pins (not shown in Figure 3).
• this embodiment of the locking ring January 1 makes it possible to make a fully removable connector to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the connector. This embodiment also makes it possible to produce a ring 1 1 and male connector elements 9 and 8 female quasi-symmetrical, which facilitates their manufacture.
• the ring January 1 is mounted on the outer surface of the male connector element 9. It is maintained by means of series of tenons of the ring and the male connector elements 9 and female 8. Thus, the axial forces pass from the male connector element 9 to the female connector element 8 via the teeth without passing through the sleeve 10.
• the connector 5 further comprises a locking ring 25 which is positioned on the outer (peripheral) surface of the flanges 23 and 24.
• the auxiliary lines 7 are therefore inside the locking ring 25.
• the locking ring 25 has a diameter greater than the diameter of the locking ring January 1.
• the ring 25 can be machined in a tube portion.
• the ring 25 is provided at each of its ends with stops that cooperate respectively with the flanges 23 and
• the locking ring 25 is rotatably mounted on the flange 24, while being locked in translation, in the direction of the axis of the tube main. With reference to FIG. 6, the ring
• the ring 25 comprises at least a cylindrical inner surface portion of radius S and the outer peripheral surface of the flange 23 is cylindrical with a radius slightly smaller than S.
• the ring 25 is mounted on the flange 24 by centering the inner cylindrical surface of the ring on the outer cylindrical surface of the flange 24.
• the ring 25 comprises a flange which forms a radial recess of the cylindrical inner surface of the ring 25.
• the ring 25 rests on an axial shoulder formed on the flange 24.
• the inner surface of the ring 25 has tenons.
• the flange 23 of the female connector element also has tenons disposed on its outer peripheral surface.
• peripheral ring 25 allows a high stiffness of the locking system, which limits the deformations (bending) of the flanges.
• double locking ensures a capacity of the connector to transmit significant efforts.
• this design with double bayonet connection male connector element side and female connector element side makes it possible to make the connector completely removable for inspection and maintenance and also allows a quasi-symmetry of the flanges, which facilitates their manufacture. .
• the locking ring 25 further comprises a second series of tenons on its inner surface and the peripheral outer surface of the flange 24 of the male connector element 9 also comprises tenons capable of cooperating with each other. with the tenons of the locking ring 25.
• Fig. 7 shows a peripheral locking ring.
• the locking ring 25 comprises a first series of tenons 27 adapted to cooperate with tenons of a flange 23 of a female connector element 8 and a second series of tenons adapted to cooperate with tenons of a flange 24 of a male connector element 9.
• the locking and unlocking of the connector 5 are made by rotation of the ring 25 and by rotation of the locking ring 1 1 (locking type bayonet).
• the ring 25 and the ring 1 1 are provided with operating means, for example a maneuvering bar which can be dismountable.
• the operating means make it possible to pivot the ring 25 around the flanges 23 and 24 along the axis of the main tube and, independently or simultaneously, rotate the ring 1 1 axis of the main tube.
• the ring 25 can be secured to the ring January 1 by a rigid connection (for example by means of rods or a recessed plate avoiding interference with the pipes auxiliaries when rotating the ring / ring lock assembly).
• Locking and unlocking means in the locked and unlocked position of the ring / ring system may be provided, for example by means of blocks, pins, pins or screws on the flange 24 and the ring 25.
• the longitudinal forces that is to say the tension forces directed along the axis of the main tube, are transmitted from one section 4 to the adjacent section 4 on the one hand via the bayonet type connection between the ring 25 and the flanges 23 and 24 and secondly via the bayonet type connection between the ring 1 1 and the male connector elements 9 and female 8.
• the arrangement of the connector according to the invention makes it possible to transmit almost all the forces in the main tube via the inner ring January 1, while the forces in the auxiliary pipes are transmitted for a part via the inner ring. 1 and for the remaining part via the outer ring 25.
• the forces go from the flange 24 of the male connector element 9 to the flange 23 of the female connector element 8 via the tenons of the ring 1 1 and the ring 25 without passing through the sleeve 10.
• the distribution of the forces between the ring 1 1 and the ring 25 depends on the stiffness and efforts in the lines.
• the height of the ring 25 can be determined so that the distance between the lower face of the circular collar and the upper face of the studs 26, 27 is equal to the distance between the flanges 23 and 24 increased by one set implementation at least equal to that of the inner ring 1 1.
• a space is required between the two flanges 23 and 24 to accommodate the connections 13, 14 of the auxiliary pipe tubes 7 and the clearance adjustment means 15.
• Openings may be made in the parts of the ring 25 located vertically and circumferentially between the tenons. These openings allow, on the one hand to lighten the room, but also and especially to see the ends of the auxiliary pipe elements 7 at the time of their connection and to avoid damage that may result from a blind approach.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 is integrally connected with a recess connection (without relative movement between the parts) at one end of the main pipe 6 and is connected with a sliding pivot connection with the other end of the pipe main.
• FIG. 6 represents the second embodiment with game adjustment means.
• the second embodiment can be implemented by setting solidarily the auxiliary tube element 7 at both ends of the main tube element 6. Only this first embodiment of the second embodiment (with pivot connection is described).
• a sliding pivot connection designates a connection which links a first solid to a second solid, the first solid being able to translate relative to the second solid in the direction of an axis and the first solid that can pivot relative to the second solid around it. of this same axis.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide and pivot in its axial direction relative to the main pipe 6, the auxiliary pipe element 7 is not free movement in the radial and tangential directions, that is to say - say in the directions of a plane perpendicular to Figure 3.
• the riser section 4 comprises at each of its ends connecting means, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6, which allow one side to axially link an auxiliary pipe element 7 to the main pipe 6 and to the other side forming the sliding pivot connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe 6.
• connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the level of the female connector element 8, and the pivot connection sliding between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the male connector element 9.
• the recess connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is made at the male connector element 9, and the sliding pivot connection between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the main pipe element 6 is formed at the female connector element 8. Only this first variant is described in the following description, the second variant is deduced by symmetry.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or flange 23 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 comprises a stop, for example a nut or a shoulder for axially positioning the element 7 with respect to the flange 23.
• the main tube 6 is extended by a shoulder or flange 24 having a cylindrical passage in which the auxiliary pipe element 7 can slide and pivot.
• the auxiliary pipe element 7 comprises a clearance adjusting means 15 (or adjustable stop) for limiting the relative movement between the auxiliary pipe element 7 and the flange 24.
• the means A set clearance 15 forms a stop disposed at an adjustable distance J from the flange 24.
• the clearance adjusting means 15 is made by a nut or by a threaded element.
• the clearance J is adjusted (before connection of the sections) according to the forces and pressures applied on the main tube elements 6 and the auxiliary tube elements 7.
• the presence of play has a benefit on the sizing of the tips of the peripheral lines.
• the elements 7 of auxiliary lines are connected end-to-end by means of connectors.
• a connector is composed of a male end 14 located at one end of the element 7 and a female end 13 located at the other end of the element 7.
• a male end 14 cooperates sealingly with the endpiece female 13 of another element 7.
• the male end 14 of the connector is a tubular portion which fits into another tubular portion 13.
• the inner surface of the female end 13 is fitted to the outer surface of the the male end 14. Seals are mounted in grooves machined on the inner surface of the female end 13 to seal the connection.
• the connection allows axial movement of one of the elements 7 relative to each other, while maintaining the sealed connection between the two elements.
• the male end 14 and female 13 are fixed for example by welding or crimping to a central tube having substantially the same length as the main pipe element 6 which is attached to the auxiliary pipe element 7.
• the game adjustment means is formed by a nut 15 positioned on the spigot end 14 on a threaded portion which is not intended to be inserted into a socket 13.
• Tapered riser architecture 7 sections of varying thickness for the main tube.
• Table 1 shows the distribution of forces in the main tube, in the auxiliary tubes: "kill line”, “choke line”, “booster line”, “hydraulic line” according to the J-in-inch game.
• FIG. 11 shows the mass M in the ton of the riser as a function of the clearance J in inches for this example.
• the thicknesses of the main tube and auxiliary lines have been optimized to meet the conditions mentioned above. It is found that the mass is minimal between 0 and 1 inch (25.4 mm) and a mass optimum is obtained for a 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) clearance. Beyond 1.25 inches (31.75 mm) the riser mass increases sharply, resulting in an increase in the riser cost.
• the play can be adjusted between 0 and 1, 25 inches (0 and 31, 75 mm) for this example according to the invention.
• the clearance can be adjusted between 0.1 and 1 inch (2.54 mm and 25.4 mm).
• the clearance can be adjusted to 0.5 inch (12.7 mm).

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• 2014
  • 2014-05-05 FR FR1454057A patent/FR3020655B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-04-16 US US15/309,066 patent/US10024120B2/en active Active
  • 2015-04-16 EP EP15717858.3A patent/EP3140494B1/de active Active
  • 2015-04-16 WO PCT/EP2015/058270 patent/WO2015169560A1/fr active Application Filing

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