EP3137936A1 - Avionic system comprising means for designating and marking land - Google Patents

Avionic system comprising means for designating and marking land

Info

Publication number
EP3137936A1
EP3137936A1 EP15717514.2A EP15717514A EP3137936A1 EP 3137936 A1 EP3137936 A1 EP 3137936A1 EP 15717514 A EP15717514 A EP 15717514A EP 3137936 A1 EP3137936 A1 EP 3137936A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terrain
navigation system
aircraft
area
localized
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15717514.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Cécile Andre
Xavier Servantie
Laurent Laluque
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Publication of EP3137936A1 publication Critical patent/EP3137936A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/02—Aiming or laying means using an independent line of sight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/22—Aiming or laying means for vehicle-borne armament, e.g. on aircraft
    • F41G3/225—Helmet sighting systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C23/00—Combined instruments indicating more than one navigational value, e.g. for aircraft; Combined measuring devices for measuring two or more variables of movement, e.g. distance, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0189—Sight systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
    • G06F3/012—Head tracking input arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
    • G06T19/006—Mixed reality
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0141—Head-up displays characterised by optical features characterised by the informative content of the display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0198—System for aligning or maintaining alignment of an image in a predetermined direction

Definitions

  • An avionic system comprising means for designating and
  • the field of the invention is that of aircraft avionics systems comprising a display system mounted on the head of the user. More specifically, the aircraft concerned are helicopters.
  • Helmet or head visualization systems have been used extensively for aeronautical applications for several decades.
  • a helmet visualization system mainly comprises two subsets.
  • the first subassembly is a helmet equipped with a viewing system projecting to the eye or the eyes of the user a collapsed image superimposed on the outside.
  • Headset means a head protection structure, said structure carrying a number of speech devices or visualization or detection.
  • the English equivalent is "helmet”.
  • the term “headband” refers to a structure carrying a certain number of voice or visualization or detection devices and which does not necessarily provide a head protection function.
  • the English equivalent is "headset”.
  • the system according to the invention is indifferently a helmet or a head support.
  • the second subset is a helmet posture detection system for locating in space, with respect to a known reference, generally related to an aircraft, the position and orientation of the helmet.
  • the main function of the helmet visualization system is to be able to present, in superposition on the external landscape, information said "conform", that is to say, displayed virtually in the exact direction that they would occupy in the external landscape.
  • the system displays a video image from a sensor and having a certain number of objects, the represented objects of this image are superimposed exactly on the objects present in the field.
  • the on-board navigation systems include cartographic databases representative of the terrain overflown. These are coupled to geolocation systems so that the aircraft knows perfectly its position above the terrain overflown.
  • the object of the invention is to couple a helmet or head display system with a navigation system so as to be able to designate and locate a point of interest in a simple and precise manner.
  • the subject of the invention is an avionic system intended to be used on aircraft in flight over a terrain, said avionic system comprising a display system and a navigation system,
  • said display system comprising at least one head support equipped with a display device capable of generating superimposed images on said terrain, and a system for detecting posture of said support in said aircraft;
  • said navigation system comprising at least means of geolocation of said aircraft, and a map database representative of said terrain;
  • the display system comprises means for displaying a marking symbol in the display device, said symbol determining a given direction;
  • the navigation system comprises calculation means making it possible to determine the location of the area of the terrain disposed at the intersection of said given direction with said field, and means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system.
  • the processing means determine the position, altitude and distance information to the aircraft of the localized terrain area, said information being displayed in the display device at the level of the marking symbol.
  • the display system comprises means for validating the marking, the graphic representation of the marking symbol being modified after validation, said marking symbol being associated, after validation, with said localized field area.
  • the navigation system inserts it into a flight plan.
  • the navigation system calculates a homing path to said localized terrain area.
  • the navigation system displays it in at least one cartographic representation of the terrain overflown by a second display system display device.
  • FIG. 1 shows the general operation of the system according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a first representation of the marking symbol in a helmet display device
  • Fig. 3 shows a second representation of the marking symbol in a helmet display device.
  • the avionics system comprises at least one visualization system and a navigation system.
  • the display system comprises a helmet or a head support equipped with a display device capable of generating images superimposed on said terrain, and a posture detection system of said helmet or said support in said aircraft.
  • a head display system mainly comprises:
  • a headset or an equipped head support comprising an optoelectronic display assembly.
  • This set can be monocular or binocular. When the helmet or the support is worn by a user, this set gives a collimated image from a display and superimposed on the outdoor landscape by a combiner or optical mixer that may or may not be integrated into a visor;
  • a helmet or support posture detection system making it possible to determine the position and the orientation of the helmet in the reference mark of the aircraft.
  • detection systems that are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Magnetic detection systems in which a receiver measures the components of a known electromagnetic field and optical detection systems comprising a transmitter and a receiver capable of determining the position and the orientation of this transmitter by shape recognition.
  • the position of the aircraft in a landmark is itself known by means of different sensors such as the aircraft's inertial unit.
  • the navigation system comprises at least means of geolocation of said aircraft of the "GPS” type, an acronym for "Global Positioning System”, a cartographic database representative of the terrain and an electronic calculator.
  • This electronic calculator provides several functions detailed below.
  • the first function of the electronic computer is to ensure the generation of a conforming symbology superimposed on the external landscape by the optoelectronic display assembly.
  • This symbology generally includes the basic information necessary for the piloting such as the indications of speed, altitude or attitude.
  • the various sensors of the aircraft provide the computer with the necessary information.
  • Helmet orientation detection system gives position and orientation information to display symbology in a compliant manner, that is to say in an earthly landmark independent of the movements of the aircraft and the movements of the helmet.
  • the second function of the computer and which is more particularly dedicated to the implementation of the invention, is a terrain marking function. It has several aspects.
  • the first aspect of this function is to generate, on command of the user, in the helmet display device a marking symbol, said symbol determining a given direction.
  • This symbol may have different representations. As non-limiting examples, it may have a simple geometrical shape such as a circle, a square, a rhombus or a cross or a more sophisticated form such as a target comprising several concentric circles centered on a cross. You can also highlight the highlighted symbol.
  • the navigation system comprises calculation means for determining the location of the area of the terrain disposed at the intersection of said given direction with said terrain.
  • the calculation principle is represented in FIG.
  • the terrain is referenced in a well-known RT landmark.
  • the aircraft A is referenced in a movable reference mark R A.
  • the posture of the helmet C is referenced in a mobile reference frame Rc.
  • the field V of the helmet visual is represented by a cone in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows the marking symbology in the previous configuration seen by the pilot in his helmet display device.
  • the marking symbol M is a target in this figure 2.
  • the cartridge CM has the three indications "580 feet", “1.2 Nm” and “264 °” respectively corresponding to the altitude in feet, to the distance in nautical miles and at the heading in degrees of the selected area.
  • the user can then validate the marking by means of an appropriate command. It is interesting then to change the graphic representation of the marking symbol to indicate its change of state. By way of example, FIG. 3 illustrates this change of state.
  • the marking symbol M is a vertical line surmounted by a white diamond. After validation, the marking symbol is associated with the localized field area.
  • the computer comprises means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system.
  • the navigation system can insert it into a flight plan.
  • the navigation system calculates a homing path to said focused field area.
  • the navigation system may display it in at least one cartographic representation of the terrain overflown by a second visualization system of the visualization system. This second device may be one of the display devices of the dashboard.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the general field of avionic systems intended to be used on aircraft flying over land. The avionic system comprises a display system and a navigation system. The display system comprises a head support equipped with a display device capable of generating images superimposed on the land, and a system for detecting the posture of the helmet. The display system of the invention comprises means for displaying a marking symbol (M) in the display device, said symbol determining a given direction. The navigation system comprises means for the geopositioning of the aircraft, a database of cartographic data representative of the land, computing means for determining the location of the area of land located at the intersection between the given direction and the land, and means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system.

Description

Système avionîque comportant des moyens de désignation et de  An avionic system comprising means for designating and
marquage do terrain  field marking
Le domaine de l'invention est celui des systèmes avioniques embarqués sur aéronef comportant un système de visualisation monté sur la tête de l'utilisateur. Plus précisément, les aéronefs concernés sont des hélicoptères. The field of the invention is that of aircraft avionics systems comprising a display system mounted on the head of the user. More specifically, the aircraft concerned are helicopters.
Actuellement, sur aéronef, il n'existe pas de moyens simples pour désigner et marquer un point d'intérêt situé sur un terrain survolé. Le seul moyen pour le pilote est de corréler sa vision du paysage extérieur avec des informations cartographiques en s'appuyant sur des indices d'environnement comme la présence de routes, de rivières ou d'ouvrages d'art. Ce point d'intérêt peut avoir de multiples usages. Il peut servir de point de ralliement pour l'aéronef, de point de passage dans un plan de vol,... Dans les applications militaires, il est possible d'utiliser des pointeurs laser pour marquer un point d'intérêt mais ceux-ci présentent des risques de sécurité oculaire et, de plus, ne sont pas géoréférencés. Currently, on aircraft, there are no simple means to designate and mark a point of interest located on land overflown. The only way for the pilot is to correlate his vision of the external landscape with cartographic information based on environmental indicators such as the presence of roads, rivers or structures. This point of interest can have multiple uses. It can serve as a rallying point for the aircraft, a point of passage in a flight plan, ... In military applications, it is possible to use laser pointers to mark a point of interest but these present eye safety risks and, moreover, are not georeferenced.
Les systèmes de visualisation de casque ou de tête sont couramment utilisés pour des applications aéronautiques depuis plusieurs décennies. Un système de visualisation de casque comporte principalement deux sous-ensembles. Helmet or head visualization systems have been used extensively for aeronautical applications for several decades. A helmet visualization system mainly comprises two subsets.
Le premier sous-ensemble est un casque équipé d'un système de visualisation projetant vers l'œil ou les yeux de l'utilisateur une image colltmatée en superposition sur l'extérieur. On entend par casque une structure de protection de la tête, la dite structure portant un certain nombre de dispositifs de phonie ou de visualisation ou de détection. L'équivalent anglais est « helmet ». On entend par serre-tête une structure portant un certain nombre de dispositifs de phonie ou de visualisation ou de détection et n'assurant pas nécessairement une fonction de protection de la tête. L'équivalent anglais est « headset ». Le système selon l'invention est indifféremment un casque ou un support de tête. Le second sous-ensemble est un système de détection de posture de casque permettant de repérer dans l'espace, par rapport à un repère connu, généralement lié à un aéronef, la position et l'orientation du casque. La principale fonction du système de visualisation de casque est de pouvoir présenter, en superposition sur le paysage extérieur, des informations dites « conformes », c'est-à-dire affichées virtuellement dans la direction exacte qu'elles occuperaient dans le paysage extérieur. Ainsi, si le système affiche une image vidéo issue d'un capteur et comportant un certain nombre d'objets, les objets représentés de cette image se superposent exactement aux objets présents sur le terrain. The first subassembly is a helmet equipped with a viewing system projecting to the eye or the eyes of the user a collapsed image superimposed on the outside. Headset means a head protection structure, said structure carrying a number of speech devices or visualization or detection. The English equivalent is "helmet". The term "headband" refers to a structure carrying a certain number of voice or visualization or detection devices and which does not necessarily provide a head protection function. The English equivalent is "headset". The system according to the invention is indifferently a helmet or a head support. The second subset is a helmet posture detection system for locating in space, with respect to a known reference, generally related to an aircraft, the position and orientation of the helmet. The main function of the helmet visualization system is to be able to present, in superposition on the external landscape, information said "conform", that is to say, displayed virtually in the exact direction that they would occupy in the external landscape. Thus, if the system displays a video image from a sensor and having a certain number of objects, the represented objects of this image are superimposed exactly on the objects present in the field.
Les systèmes de navigation embarqués comportent des bases de données cartographiques représentatives du terrain survolé. Celles-ci sont couplées à des systèmes de géolocalisation de façon que l'aéronef connaisse parfaitement sa position au-dessus du terrain survolé.  The on-board navigation systems include cartographic databases representative of the terrain overflown. These are coupled to geolocation systems so that the aircraft knows perfectly its position above the terrain overflown.
L'objet de l'invention est de coupler un système de visualisation de casque ou de tête avec un système de navigation de façon à pouvoir désigner et localiser un point d'intérêt de façon simple et précise. Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet un système avionique destiné à être utilisé sur aéronef en vol au dessus d'un terrain, ledit système avionique comportant un système de visualisation et un système de navigation, The object of the invention is to couple a helmet or head display system with a navigation system so as to be able to designate and locate a point of interest in a simple and precise manner. More specifically, the subject of the invention is an avionic system intended to be used on aircraft in flight over a terrain, said avionic system comprising a display system and a navigation system,
- ledit système de visualisation comportant au moins un support de tête équipé d'un dispositif de visualisation apte à générer des images en superposition sur ledit terrain, et un système de détection de posture dudit support dans ledit aéronef ; said display system comprising at least one head support equipped with a display device capable of generating superimposed images on said terrain, and a system for detecting posture of said support in said aircraft;
- ledit système de navigation comportant au moins des moyens de géolocalisation dudit aéronef, et une base de données cartographiques représentatives dudit terrain ; said navigation system comprising at least means of geolocation of said aircraft, and a map database representative of said terrain;
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that
- le système de visualisation comporte des moyens d'affichage d'un symbole de marquage dans ie dispositif de visualisation, ledit symbole déterminant une direction donnée ;  the display system comprises means for displaying a marking symbol in the display device, said symbol determining a given direction;
- le système de navigation comporte des moyens de calcul permettant de déterminer la localisation de la zone du terrain disposée à l'intersection de ladite direction donnée avec ledit terrain, et des moyens d'enregistrement et de traitement de ladite localisation dans le système de navigation. the navigation system comprises calculation means making it possible to determine the location of the area of the terrain disposed at the intersection of said given direction with said field, and means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system.
Avantageusement, les moyens de traitement déterminent les informations de position, d'altitude et de distance à l'aéronef de la zone de terrain localisée, lesdites informations étant affichées dans le dispositif de visualisation au niveau du symbole de marquage.  Advantageously, the processing means determine the position, altitude and distance information to the aircraft of the localized terrain area, said information being displayed in the display device at the level of the marking symbol.
Avantageusement, le système de visualisation comporte des moyens de validation du marquage, la représentation graphique du symbole de marquage étant modifiée après validation, ledit symbole de marquage étant associé, après validation, à ladite zone de terrain localisée.  Advantageously, the display system comprises means for validating the marking, the graphic representation of the marking symbol being modified after validation, said marking symbol being associated, after validation, with said localized field area.
Avantageusement, lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation l'insère dans un plan de vol. Advantageously, when the localized area area is validated, the navigation system inserts it into a flight plan.
Avantageusement, lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation calcule une trajectoire de ralliement vers ladite zone de terrain localisée.  Advantageously, when the localized field area is validated, the navigation system calculates a homing path to said localized terrain area.
Avantageusement, lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation l'affiche dans au moins une représentation cartographique du terrain survolé d'un second dispositif de visualisation du système de visualisation.  Advantageously, when the localized field area is validated, the navigation system displays it in at least one cartographic representation of the terrain overflown by a second display system display device.
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée à titre non limitatif et grâce aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles : The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent on reading the description which follows given by way of non-limiting example and by virtue of the appended figures among which:
La figure 1 représente le fonctionnement général du système selon l'invention ;  Figure 1 shows the general operation of the system according to the invention;
La figure 2 représente une première représentation du symbole de marquage dans un dispositif de visualisation de casque ;  Fig. 2 shows a first representation of the marking symbol in a helmet display device;
La figure 3 représente une seconde représentation du symbole de marquage dans un dispositif de visualisation de casque.  Fig. 3 shows a second representation of the marking symbol in a helmet display device.
Le système avionique selon l'invention comporte au moins un système de visualisation et un système de navigation. Le système de visualisation comporte un casque ou un support de tête équipé d'un dispositif de visualisation apte à générer des images en superposition sur ledit terrain, et un système de détection de posture dudît casque ou dudit support dans ledit aéronef. The avionics system according to the invention comprises at least one visualization system and a navigation system. The display system comprises a helmet or a head support equipped with a display device capable of generating images superimposed on said terrain, and a posture detection system of said helmet or said support in said aircraft.
Un système de visualisation de tête comporte principalement : A head display system mainly comprises:
- un casque ou un support de tête équipé comprenant un ensemble optoélectronique d'affichage. Cet ensemble peut être monoculaire ou binoculaire. Lorsque le casque ou le support est porté par un utilisateur, cet ensemble donne une image collimatée issue d'un afficheur et superposée au paysage extérieur par un combineur ou mélangeur optique qui peut être intégré ou non à une visière ; a headset or an equipped head support comprising an optoelectronic display assembly. This set can be monocular or binocular. When the helmet or the support is worn by a user, this set gives a collimated image from a display and superimposed on the outdoor landscape by a combiner or optical mixer that may or may not be integrated into a visor;
- un système de détection de posture du casque ou du support permettant de déterminer la position et l'orientation du casque dans le repère de l'aéronef. Il existe différents systèmes de détection qui sont bien connus de l'homme du métier. On citera les systèmes à détection magnétique dans lesquels un récepteur mesure les composantes d'un champ électromagnétique connu et les systèmes à détection optique comportant un émetteur et un récepteur apte à déterminer la position et l'orientation de cet émetteur par reconnaissance de forme. La position de l'aéronef dans un repère terrestre est elle-même connue au moyen de différents capteurs comme la centrale inertielle de l'aéronef.  a helmet or support posture detection system making it possible to determine the position and the orientation of the helmet in the reference mark of the aircraft. There are different detection systems that are well known to those skilled in the art. Magnetic detection systems in which a receiver measures the components of a known electromagnetic field and optical detection systems comprising a transmitter and a receiver capable of determining the position and the orientation of this transmitter by shape recognition. The position of the aircraft in a landmark is itself known by means of different sensors such as the aircraft's inertial unit.
Le système de navigation comporte au moins des moyens de géolocalisation dudit aéronef du type « GPS », acronyme de « Global Positioning System », une base de données cartographiques représentatives du terrain et un calculateur électronique. Ce calculateur électronique assure plusieurs fonctions détaillées ci-dessous. The navigation system comprises at least means of geolocation of said aircraft of the "GPS" type, an acronym for "Global Positioning System", a cartographic database representative of the terrain and an electronic calculator. This electronic calculator provides several functions detailed below.
La première fonction du calculateur électronique est d'assurer la génération d'une symbologie conforme superposée sur le paysage extérieur par l'ensemble optoélectronique d'affichage. Cette symbologie comporte généralement les informations de base nécessaires au pilotage telles que les indications de vitesse, d'altitude ou d'assiette. Pour assurer cette fonction, les différents capteurs de l'aéronef fournissent au calculateur les informations nécessaires. Le système de détection d'orientation du casque lui donne les informations de position et d'orientation permettant d'afficher la symbologie de façon conforme, c'est-à-dire dans un repère terrestre indépendant des mouvements de l'aéronef et des mouvements du casque. The first function of the electronic computer is to ensure the generation of a conforming symbology superimposed on the external landscape by the optoelectronic display assembly. This symbology generally includes the basic information necessary for the piloting such as the indications of speed, altitude or attitude. To ensure this function, the various sensors of the aircraft provide the computer with the necessary information. Helmet orientation detection system gives position and orientation information to display symbology in a compliant manner, that is to say in an earthly landmark independent of the movements of the aircraft and the movements of the helmet.
La seconde fonction du calculateur et qui est plus particulièrement dédiée à la mise en œuvre de l'invention, est une fonction de marquage du terrain. Elle comporte plusieurs aspects. Le premier aspect de cette fonction est de générer, sur commande de l'utilisateur, dans le dispositif de visualisation de casque un symbole de marquage, ledit symbole déterminant une direction donnée.  The second function of the computer and which is more particularly dedicated to the implementation of the invention, is a terrain marking function. It has several aspects. The first aspect of this function is to generate, on command of the user, in the helmet display device a marking symbol, said symbol determining a given direction.
Ce symbole peut avoir différentes représentations. A titre d'exemples non limitatifs, il peut avoir une forme géométrique simple comme un cercle, un carré, un losange ou encore une croix ou une forme plus sophistiquée comme une cible comprenant plusieurs cercles concentriques centrés sur une croix. On peut également représenter le symbole en surbrillance.  This symbol may have different representations. As non-limiting examples, it may have a simple geometrical shape such as a circle, a square, a rhombus or a cross or a more sophisticated form such as a target comprising several concentric circles centered on a cross. You can also highlight the highlighted symbol.
Lorsque le symbole de marquage est dans le champ visuel de l'utilisateur, celui-ci peut alors le superposer sur une zone ou un objet particulier du terrain survolé par un simple mouvement de tête. Le système de navigation comporte des moyens de calcul permettant de déterminer la localisation de la zone du terrain disposée à l'intersection de ladite direction donnée avec ledit terrain.  When the marking symbol is in the visual field of the user, it can then superimpose on a particular area or object of the terrain overflown by a simple movement of head. The navigation system comprises calculation means for determining the location of the area of the terrain disposed at the intersection of said given direction with said terrain.
Le principe du calcul est représenté en figure 1 . Le terrain est référencé dans un repère terrestre RT parfaitement connu. L'aéronef A est référencé dans un repère RA mobile. La posture du casque C est référencée dans un repère Rc mobile. Le champ V du visuel de casque est représenté par un cône sur la figure 1 . A chaque instant, il est possible de calculer la posture du casque dans le repère de l'aéronef RA au moyen du système de détection de posture, puis au moyen du système de géolocalisation de l'appareil, la posture du casque dans le repère terrestre RT. Par conséquent, la direction D indiquée par le symbole de marquage est parfaitement connue dans le repère terrestre. Il est alors facile, connaissant la position de l'aéronef par rapport au terrain survolé, de calculer l'intersection de cette direction avec le terrain au moyen de la base de données cartographiques et de déterminer la localisation de la zone de terrain « marquée » par le symbole de marquage. Sur la figure 1 , cette zone est symbolisée par une tour cylindrique Z. Les moyens de traitement déterminent alors les informations de position, d'altitude et de distance à l'aéronef de la zone de terrain localisée. Ces informations peuvent être affichées dans un cartouche au voisinage du symbole de marquage. Â titre d'exemple, la figure 2 représente la symbologie de marquage dans la configuration précédente vue par le pilote dans son dispositif de visualisation de casque. Le symbole de marquage M est une cible sur cette figure 2. Le cartouche CM comporte les trois indications « 580 feet », « 1.2 Nm » et « 264° » correspondant respectivement à l'altitude en pieds, à la distance en miles nautiques et au cap en degrés de la zone sélectionnée. The calculation principle is represented in FIG. The terrain is referenced in a well-known RT landmark. The aircraft A is referenced in a movable reference mark R A. The posture of the helmet C is referenced in a mobile reference frame Rc. The field V of the helmet visual is represented by a cone in FIG. At any given moment, it is possible to calculate the posture of the helmet in the reference mark of the aircraft R A by means of the posture detection system, and then by means of the geolocation system of the apparatus, the posture of the helmet in the marker terrestrial RT. Therefore, the direction D indicated by the marking symbol is perfectly known in the terrestrial reference. It is then easy, knowing the position of the aircraft in relation to the terrain overflown, to calculate the intersection of this direction with the terrain using the map database and to determine the location of the "marked" terrain zone. by the marking symbol. In FIG. 1, this zone is symbolized by a cylindrical tower Z. The processing means then determine the position, altitude and distance information to the aircraft of the localized terrain area. This information can be displayed in a cartridge in the vicinity of the marking symbol. By way of example, FIG. 2 shows the marking symbology in the previous configuration seen by the pilot in his helmet display device. The marking symbol M is a target in this figure 2. The cartridge CM has the three indications "580 feet", "1.2 Nm" and "264 °" respectively corresponding to the altitude in feet, to the distance in nautical miles and at the heading in degrees of the selected area.
L'utilisateur peut alors valider le marquage au moyen d'une commande appropriée. Il est intéressant alors de changer la représentation graphique du symbole de marquage pour indiquer son changement d'état. A titre d'exemple, la figure 3 illustre ce changement d'état. Une fois validé, le symbole de marquage M est un trait vertical surmonté d'un losange blanc. Après validation, le symbole de marquage est associé à la zone de terrain localisée.  The user can then validate the marking by means of an appropriate command. It is interesting then to change the graphic representation of the marking symbol to indicate its change of state. By way of example, FIG. 3 illustrates this change of state. Once validated, the marking symbol M is a vertical line surmounted by a white diamond. After validation, the marking symbol is associated with the localized field area.
Le calculateur comporte des moyens d'enregistrement et de traitement de ladite localisation dans le système de navigation. A titre de premier exemple, le système de navigation peut l'insérer dans un plan de vol. A titre de second exemple, le système de navigation calcule une trajectoire de ralliement vers ladite zone de terrain focalisée. Enfin, le système de navigation peut l'afficher dans au moins une représentation cartographique du terrain survolé d'un second dispositif de visualisation du système de visualisation. Ce second dispositif peut être un des dispositifs de visualisation de la planche de bord.  The computer comprises means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system. As a first example, the navigation system can insert it into a flight plan. As a second example, the navigation system calculates a homing path to said focused field area. Finally, the navigation system may display it in at least one cartographic representation of the terrain overflown by a second visualization system of the visualization system. This second device may be one of the display devices of the dashboard.
Toutes ces fonctions électroniques ne posent pas de difficultés de réalisation particulière pour l'homme du métier. All these electronic functions do not pose particular difficulties for the skilled person.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Système avionique destiné à être utilisé sur aéronef en vol au dessus d'un terrain, ledit système avionique comportant un système de visualisation et un système de navigation, 1. An avionics system intended to be used on aircraft in flight over a terrain, said avionic system comprising a visualization system and a navigation system,
- ledit système de visualisation comportant au moins un support de tête ou un casque équipé d'un dispositif de visualisation apte à générer des images en superposition sur ledit terrain, et un système de détection de posture dudit casque ou dudit support dans ledit aéronef ;  said display system comprising at least one head support or a helmet equipped with a display device capable of generating superimposed images on said terrain, and a posture detection system of said helmet or said support in said aircraft;
- ledit système de navigation comportant au moins des moyens de géolocalisation dudit aéronef, et une base de données cartographiques représentatives dudit terrain ;  said navigation system comprising at least means of geolocation of said aircraft, and a map database representative of said terrain;
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that
- le système de visualisation comporte des moyens d'affichage d'un symbole de marquage (M) dans le dispositif de visualisation, ledit symbole déterminant une direction donnée ; the display system comprises means for displaying a marking symbol (M) in the display device, said symbol determining a given direction;
- le système de navigation comporte des moyens de calcul permettant de déterminer la localisation de la zone du terrain disposée à l'intersection de ladite direction donnée avec ledit terrain, et des moyens d'enregistrement et de traitement de ladite localisation dans le système de navigation ; the navigation system comprises calculation means making it possible to determine the location of the area of the terrain disposed at the intersection of said given direction with said terrain, and means for recording and processing said location in the navigation system ;
- le système de visualisation comporte des moyens de validation du marquage, la représentation graphique du symbole de marquage étant modifiée après validation, ledit symbole de marquage étant associé, après validation, à ladite zone de terrain localisée ;  the visualization system comprises means for validating the marking, the graphic representation of the marking symbol being modified after validation, said marking symbol being associated, after validation, with said localized field area;
- lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation l'insère dans un plan de vol.  - When the localized terrain area is validated, the navigation system inserts it into a flight plan.
2. Système avionique selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens de traitement déterminent les informations de position, d'altitude et de distance à l'aéronef de la zone de terrain localisée, lesdites informations (CM) étant affichées dans le dispositif de visualisation au niveau du symbole de marquage. 2. avionics system according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing means determine the position, altitude and distance information to the aircraft of the localized terrain area, said information (CM) being displayed in the display device at the marking symbol.
3. Système avionique selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que, lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation calcule une trajectoire de ralliement vers ladite zone de terrain localisée. 3. avionics system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the localized terrain area is validated, the navigation system calculates a homing path to said localized terrain area.
4. Système avionique selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que, lorsque la zone de terrain localisée est validée, le système de navigation l'affiche dans au moins une représentation cartographique du terrain survolé d'un second dispositif de visualisation du système de visualisation. 4. The avionics system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the localized terrain area is validated, the navigation system displays it in at least one cartographic representation of the terrain overflown by a second display system display device. .
EP15717514.2A 2014-04-30 2015-04-27 Avionic system comprising means for designating and marking land Withdrawn EP3137936A1 (en)

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FR1401006A FR3020691B1 (en) 2014-04-30 2014-04-30 AVIONIC SYSTEM COMPRISING MEANS OF DESIGNATION AND MARKING OF THE FIELD
PCT/EP2015/059006 WO2015165838A1 (en) 2014-04-30 2015-04-27 Avionic system comprising means for designating and marking land

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FR3020691A1 (en) 2015-11-06

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