EP3136853A1 - Use of alcohol(s) as fungicide and/or algicide - Google Patents

Use of alcohol(s) as fungicide and/or algicide

Info

Publication number
EP3136853A1
EP3136853A1 EP15759833.5A EP15759833A EP3136853A1 EP 3136853 A1 EP3136853 A1 EP 3136853A1 EP 15759833 A EP15759833 A EP 15759833A EP 3136853 A1 EP3136853 A1 EP 3136853A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crops
alcohol
frac
code
frac code
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15759833.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Ravier
Matthieu Chatillon
Sébastien BARREAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oleon NV
Original Assignee
Oleon NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oleon NV filed Critical Oleon NV
Publication of EP3136853A1 publication Critical patent/EP3136853A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel fungicides and / or algicides for controlling organisms of the family Pythiaceae and / or against diseases caused by them. It also relates to compositions and preparations comprising these novel fungicides and / or algicides, as well as their methods of obtaining and their uses.
  • the family Pythiaceae comes from the class Oomycetes, which has long been classified in the line of Fungi (mushrooms). In fact, the online mushroom database, Mycobank, still lists the Pythiaceae family as mushrooms. However, researchers have recently shown that Oomycetes were rather part of the line of algae Heterokonthes, also called Stramenopiles algae, than that of Fungi (fungi). In this new classification, Oomycetes are then termed "fungiform". As a result, an active substance that may control an organism of the Pythiaceae family and / or a disease caused by it, a fungicide and / or an algaecide will be considered.
  • a fungicide is a phytopharmaceutical product intended to control at least one fungus or fungiform organism or against at least one disease caused by them, while an algicide is a phytopharmaceutical product intended to control at least one algae or against or diseases caused by it.
  • Plant protection product means an active substance or a composition comprising one or more active substances, which is intended in particular for:
  • An active substance is a substance, including a micro-organism, that has a general or specific action on a pest or a plant.
  • the active substances can be either of origin natural, derived from synthetic chemistry, which may be mimetics of natural substances, such as pheromones.
  • plant is meant in particular a plant and / or part of a plant, including a fruit, a vegetable or a seed.
  • propamocarb hydrochloride used for controlling Pythium and Phytophtora organisms and the diseases caused by them.
  • Propamocarb hydrochloride is considered to cause damage to the eyes and can break down by releasing dangerous gases when exposed to heat.
  • the patent application FR2235644 discloses a method for combating diseases caused by persistent fungi during the winter on woody plants, characterized in that said plants are treated in a dormancy phase or approaching a dormancy phase at means of a composition which comprises a surfactant which is a condensation product of an alkylphenol with ethylene oxide, and a fatty acid ester or a fatty alcohol, in a given weight ratio.
  • a surfactant which is a condensation product of an alkylphenol with ethylene oxide, and a fatty acid ester or a fatty alcohol, in a given weight ratio.
  • ethoxylated alkylphenols are considered as endocrine disruptors.
  • the surfactant most commonly used in the examples of the application would have a deleterious effect on aquatic ecosystems, and its degradation products, such as nonyphenol, would be even more persistent in the environment and more toxic. This is why these surfactants are banned in some countries, such as France.
  • the examples of this application describe a fungicidal action only with respect to apple powdery mildew (caused by Podosphaera leucotricha) and not with respect to any disease caused by any of the organisms of the family Pythiaceae. .
  • the fight is so specific to a disease caused by an organism different from the organisms targeted by the invention.
  • the present invention therefore relates to the use of an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms as a fungicide and / or aigicide for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it.
  • fighting against an organism By fighting against an organism is meant killing the body (curative effect), currently called fungus, fungiform organism and / or algae, prevent its occurrence (preventive effect), and / or control its proliferation.
  • the fight against a disease caused by the body means eradicating the disease (curative effect), prevent its occurrence (preventive effect) and / or control its evolution and / or its spread.
  • alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is more particularly an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms linear or branched.
  • linear or branched cyclic alcohols are specifically excluded.
  • the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is an alcohol consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, having 7, 8 or 9 carbon atoms, substituted by a single hydroxyl group (OH).
  • hydrocarbon chain is meant a chain consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. In other words, the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms does not contain a heterosubstituent other than the single hydroxyl group.
  • the alcohol is saturated.
  • the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms has the following empirical formula:
  • n is an integer equal to 7, 8 or 9.
  • octanol also known as octan-1-ol or caprylic alcohol
  • nonanol or nonan-1-ol or pelargonic alcohol
  • the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms may be used alone or in admixture with one or more other alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is used as a fungicide and / or aigicide and is hereinafter also referred to as "the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention".
  • this alcohol can be obtained from renewable resources, such as from animal fats or vegetable oils.
  • the organism of the Pythiaceae family is Pythium and / or Phytophthora.
  • organisms of these species include Phytophthora infestans, Phytophtora cinnamomi, Phytophtora ramorum, Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora fragariae, Phytophthora citrophthora and Phytophthora parasitica, Pythium sp., Pythium ultimum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium Irregulare and Pythium group F.
  • the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is used to fight against Pythium sp. and / or Phytophthora infestans and / or one or more disease (s) caused by them.
  • Targeted action on these species of organisms allows selective control of Pythium sp. and / or Phytophthora infestans and / or the disease (s) caused by them.
  • the fungicides and / or algicides according to the invention act on certain resistant strains of Pythium sp., In particular strains very resistant to fungicides of phenylamide types (FRAC code 4) and Qol ("Quinone outside inhibitor", FRAC code 1 1).
  • the FRAC (Fungicide Resistance Action Committee) codes correspond to a classification of fungicides according to their mode of action. At the level of each mode of action, fungicides are classified by chemical family, which is associated with a code (see http://www.frac.info/).
  • Phytophthora infestans For example, late blight of potato and late blight of tomato are caused by Phytophthora infestans; wood gummosis and brown fruit rot (mandarin and tangelos) are caused by Phytophthora citrophthora and Phytophthora parasitica.
  • the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention can be used to treat a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops, or a plant from these cultures.
  • the treatment can be carried out as a preventive and / or curative. In particular, it can be performed outside a period when the plant is dormant or is approaching a dormancy phase.
  • Vegetable crops include potatoes, cabbages, aubergines, zucchini, pumpkins, salads (lettuce, escarole, lamb's lettuce), tomatoes, beans, peas and carrots. onions, turnips, spinach, chicory, endives, chicory, peppers, greenhouse peppers, greenhouse cucumbers, alfalfa.
  • Ornamental crops include non-perennial perennials, bulbs, tubers or rhizomes, grasses, cacti, succulents, turf and lawns (including golf course greens). , ornamental trees and shrubs, outdoors or under protection, such as roses, azaleas, rhododendrons, dahlias, begonias, nasturtiums, daisies, coleus, thuja.
  • oleaginous crops is meant more particularly the crops of rapeseed, flax.
  • fruit crops we mean more particularly strawberries, raspberries, melons, citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, pomelos, mandarins and tangelos.
  • Cereal crops are more particularly crops of rye and maize.
  • the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is used to treat potato, tomato, corn, soybean, rice, cottonseed and / or rapeseed crops, or the plants derived therefrom. cultures. More particularly, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is suitable for treatment: - corn, soybeans, rice and cottons against the organism Pythium sp. and / or a disease caused by it, and
  • the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention used to treat the cultures described above, is chosen from alcohols having 8 carbon atoms or their mixture.
  • the alcohol having 8 carbon atoms has all the particular and preferred characteristics of alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • it is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethyl hexanol, preferably octanol.
  • Octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol can advantageously be obtained from renewable resources such as vegetable oils.
  • octanol can be obtained by reducing caprylic acid, itself derived from vegetable oil of coconut and / or palm kernel.
  • Octanol is not very ecotoxic and easily biodegradable, more than 70% in 30 days.
  • 2-Ethylhexanol which can be synthesized from vegetable raw materials, is also easily biodegradable, 100% in 5 days.
  • octanol is used as a fungicide and / or aigicide for: controlling Pythium sp. and in particular against the sensitive and / or resistant strains of Pythium sp.,
  • damping-off such as damping-off of maize.
  • the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention is mixed with one or more other phytopharmaceutical product (s) such as a fungicide, an aigicide and or a growth regulator.
  • s phytopharmaceutical product
  • the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention is used in admixture with another fungicidal and / or aigicidal substance.
  • the other fungicidal and / or subcidal substance may be selected to provide a mixture having a broader spectrum of action.
  • action spectrum is meant all the activities of the mixture resulting from the sum of the activities of each of the fungicides and / or algicides.
  • the other fungicidal and / or subdal substance may act on an organism other than those belonging to the family Pythiaceae, such as an organism belonging to the Oomycetes class (excluding Pythiaceae), Deuteromycetes, Basidiomycetes, and / or Ascomycetes, and / or a disease caused by them.
  • the other fungicidal and / or algicidal substance may also be selected to obtain a mixture having at least two different modes of action targeting the same organism (s) to have increased efficacy against one or more organism (s) of the family Pythiaceae and / or the disease (s) caused by them.
  • the complementarity of the modes of action makes it possible to act at the same time according to several modes of attack, which makes the mixture fungicide and / or algicide more effective.
  • the complementarity of the modes of action of such mixtures of fungicide (s) and / or algicide (s) makes it possible to overcome the resistance developed by the pathogenic organisms with regard to certain active substances and to avoid creating resistances.
  • the combination of the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention with another fungicidal and / or algicidal substance has the advantage of being able to reduce the necessary quantity of this other fungicidal and / or algicidal substance while obtaining a similar result.
  • the reduction of the quantity of substance (s) of petrochemical origin thus has a great advantage in terms of human health and protection of the environment.
  • This reduction in the quantity of fungicidal substance (s) and / or algaecide (s) of petrochemical origin is all the more important when a synergistic effect is observed between a fungicide and / or an algicide according to the in particular an alcohol or a mixture of alcohols having 8 carbon atoms, such as octanol, and another fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
  • the combination of octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol with a fungicidal substance such as Fluazinam makes it possible to fight against the organisms of the family of Pythiaceae, while being more environmentally friendly, because of the lower effective amount of Fluazinam needed compared to a single use of the latter.
  • a fungicidal substance such as Fluazinam
  • the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention may be of renewable and biodegradable origin, could advantageously be used in organic farming.
  • Organic farming is a method of agricultural production that aims to limit the use of products derived from synthetic chemistry and to favor products of renewable origin and weakly ecotoxic.
  • the invention also relates to compositions comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • the invention relates to compositions comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, as defined above.
  • the composition comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and a product selected from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil, hydrocarbon polymers, oil rapeseed oil, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters, fatty amine polymers, dimethyl polysiloxane, terpene alcohols, ethoxylated triglycerides, resins, polyvinyl alcohols, alpha olein sulfonate, sulfuric esters, sulfonated fatty acid alcohols, diethylene glycol abietate, polysorbates, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate-maleic ester polymers, cellulosic binders, potassium aluminosilicate, copper taliate copper, latex, especially synthetic, bright blue dye (or "acid blue”), pine oil, ammonium sulphate, white mineral or petroleum oils, t rethanolamine, vegetable oil or fatty acid methyl esters, polyoxyalky
  • the composition according to the invention comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and a product chosen from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil, hydrocarbon polymers, rapeseed oil esterified rapeseed oil, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters, dimethyl polysiloxane, terpene alcohols, ethoxylated triglycerides, polyvinyl alcohols, alpha olein sulfonate, sulfuric esters, sulfonated fatty acid alcohols , diethylene glycol abietate, polysorbates, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate-maleic ester polymers, cellulosic binders, potassium aluminosilicate, copper taliate copper, latexes, in particular synthetic, blue dye brilliant (or "acid blue”), mineral white oils or oil, methyl esters of vegetable oil or fatty acids, or their mixture.
  • a product chosen from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil
  • the product mentioned above is an adjuvant.
  • adjuvant is meant a compound or a preparation devoid of phytopharmaceutical activity, which, combined with an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms or a mixture of these alcohols, improves the physical and chemical qualities thereof. or biological, especially their fungicidal and / or algicidal activity, while limiting the harmful effects and impacts on humans, fauna and flora.
  • the increase of the fungicidal and / or algicidal activity may for example result from a better vectorization or a better targeting of the part to be treated and / or an improvement of the stability of the fungicides and / or algicides, for example, protecting them from ultraviolet light.
  • the composition comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and vegetable oil methyl esters, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters.
  • the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms can be linear or branched.
  • linear alcohol there may be mentioned heptanol (or heptan-1-ol), octanol (also called octan-1-ol or caprylic alcohol) or nonanol (or nonan-1 -ol or pelargonic alcohol) .
  • octan-2-ol 2-ethyl-hexanol, 7-methyl-octan-1-ol or 6-methyl-pentan-1-ol.
  • the alcohol may be used alone or in admixture with one or more other alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • the alcohol can be obtained from renewable resources, such as from animal fats or vegetable oils.
  • the alcohol is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethyl hexanol, preferably octanol.
  • composition according to the invention further comprises a fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is suitable for the treatment of a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops, as previously described. or a plant derived from these crops.
  • the composition according to the invention is suitable for the treatment of potato, tomato, rapeseed, soybean, rice and / or cottonseed crops.
  • the composition according to the invention then comprises two fungicides and / or algicides.
  • the composition according to the invention may have a broader spectrum of action, by choosing in particular the fungicidal and / or subcidal substance from the group consisting of phenylamides (FRAC code 4), heteroaromatics (code FRAC 32), carboxylic acids (FRAC code 31), methyl-benzimidazole carbamates (FRAC code 1), N-phenyl carbamates (FRAC code 10), benzamides and thiazole carboxamides (FRAC code 22), phenylureas (FRAC code 20), benzamides (FRAC code 43), pyridinamines and pyrazole-MET1 (FRAC code 39), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) (FRAC code 7), Qol ("quinone outside inhibitors") ( FRAC 11 codes), Qil (“Quinone inside inhibitors”) (FRAC code 21), dinitro-phenyl crotonates and 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), tin
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance may be chosen from the group consisting of phenylamides (FRAC code 4), heteroaromatics (FRAC code 32), carboxylic acids (FRAC code 31), methyl-benzimidazole carbamates (code FRAC 1), N-phenyl carbamates (FRAC code 10), benzamides and thiazole carboxamides (FRAC code 22), phenylureas (FRAC code 20), benzamides (FRAC code 43), pyridinamines and pyrazole-MET1 (FRAC 39 code), the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) (FRAC code 7), the Qol ("Quinone outside inhibitors") (FRAC codes 11), the Qil (“quinone inside inhibitors”) (FRAC code 21), dinitro-phenyl crotonates and 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), tin-based organic compounds (FRAC code 30), thiophene-
  • the composition according to the invention can have an increased efficacy against an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, by choosing the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance among those also struggling against an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it. This is all the more true if the modes of action of the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance are different.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal compositions thus obtained are effective while being less toxic to humans and the environment.
  • the complementarity or the synergistic effect allows the use of a smaller amount of traditional fungicides, for example of petrochemical origin, for a similar result.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is chosen so as to act against an organism chosen from Phytophthora and / or Pythium, more particularly Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp., And / or against a disease caused by them. .
  • This fungicidal and / or algicidal composition is also particularly effective against resistant strains of Pythium sp.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is chosen from the group constituted by the amino acid carbamates (FRAC code 40), such as Dimethomorph, Valifenalate, Benthiavalicarb, Mandipropamide; benzamides (FRAC code 22), such as Zoxamide; benzamides (FRAC code 43), such as Fluopicolide, Propineb; cyanoacetamideoxime (FRAC 27 code), such as Cymoxanil; phenylamides (FRAC code 4), such as Benalaxyl, Mefenoxam or Metalaxyl; Qol ("Quinone outside Inhibitors" (FRAC code 1)), such as Pyraclostrobin, Famoxadone and Fenamidone; 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), such as Fluazinam; Qil ("Quinone inside Inhibitor” (code FRAC 21)), as Cyazofamid; carbamates (FRAC code 40),
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance can be adapted to soil treatment, such as Propamocarb, Dazomet, Gliocladium catenula, Metam-sodium.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance can be adapted to the treatment of the aerial parts of plants, such as Fluazinam, Mancozeb, copper or a salt thereof, Cymonaxil, Folpel, Mandipropamide or Dimethomorph.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises, as fungicidal and / or algicidal substance, Fluazinam.
  • compositions according to the invention comprise, as alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, octanol and are used for:
  • damping-off such as damping-off of maize.
  • compositions according to the invention may further comprise a solvent, a surfactant and / or a second adjuvant.
  • solvent is meant a liquid under the conditions of use, which has the property in particular to dissolve or dilute other substances without causing chemical modification of these substances and without itself change.
  • solvent preferably organic solvents, even more preferably organic solvents of renewable origin, such as organic solvents of vegetable origin.
  • surfactant also called surfactant or surfactant is meant a compound that modifies the surface tension between two surfaces.
  • the surfactants are ionic and / or nonionic, acceptable in agriculture. Even more preferably, the surfactants are of renewable origin, such as alkyl polyglucosides, alkyl polypentosides and / or sorbitan esters.
  • an adjuvant may comprise a solvent and / or a surfactant.
  • an adjuvant comprising a solvent comprising a solvent, alone or in combination with other compounds: an adjuvant based on methyl esters of animal fats or of vegetable oils such as Actirob®B, Radiamix® or Vegestar® (rapeseed oil methyl esters with surfactants marketed by Novance®), or Adigor® marketed by Syngenta®, or such as Radia® 7961 (rapeseed oil methyl esters) or Radia® 7064 (methyl esters of soybean oil) marketed by Oleon®, an adjuvant based on polyoxyalkylated fatty alcohol phosphate esters, fatty acid methyl esters and oleic acid such as Dash® HC from BASF®, an adjuvant based on methyl esters and guar, such as AgRho StarGuar® 4 EU from Rhodia®, an adjuvant based on isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate such as Trend® 90 marketed by DuPont ®, an adjuvant based
  • HeSiosol® marketed by Action Pin® an adjuvant based on ethyl esters of sunflower oil and surfactants such as TRS2® marketed by SDP®, an adjuvant based on rapeseed oil ethyl esters and surfactants such as Hasten® marketed by Georgia Chemicals, a paraffinic mineral oil-based adjuvant such as Banole® marketed by Total® and an adjuvant based on a vegetable oil emulsion such as MexAgri® sold by Mexel®.
  • an adjuvant consisting of or comprising one or more surfactants: an adjuvant based on methyl esters of animal fats or vegetable oils and in particular the methyl esters of rapeseed oils.
  • surfactant such as Actirob®B, Radiamix® or Vegestar® marketed by Novance®, Mero® marketed by Bayer®
  • an adjuvant based on ethyl esters of sunflower oil and surfactants such as TRS2® marketed by SDP®
  • an adjuvant based on soy lecithin and propionic acid such as Li- 700® marketed by Agridyne®
  • an adjuvant based on ethoxylated fatty amine polymer and polysorbate 20 such as that Surf 2000® marketed by Jouffray-Drillaud JD®, polysorbate 20 such as Tween® 20 marketed by Croda®, an adjuvant based on ethoxylated triglycerides such as Can
  • the adjuvant when it is an agriculturally acceptable adjuvant, it may comprise one or more agents such as an antifoam, antifreeze, a thickener, a wetting agent, a retentor, an anti-rebound, an anti-drifting agent or a stabilizer.
  • agents such as an antifoam, antifreeze, a thickener, a wetting agent, a retentor, an anti-rebound, an anti-drifting agent or a stabilizer.
  • a wetting agent is an adjuvant which lowers the surface tension of the water thus allowing the droplet to spread on the target by reducing the contact angle.
  • an adjuvant By anti-rebound, an adjuvant aimed at a better grip of the sprayed droplets on the area to be treated at the moment of impact.
  • an adjuvant aimed at not favoring the creation of droplets too fine ( ⁇ 100 - 150 ⁇ ) so as to obtain a better accuracy in the targeting of the sprayed product while minimizing losses in the environment or to neighboring cultures.
  • the invention also relates to a preparation comprising a composition according to the invention and water, and to a process for obtaining the preparation by emulsion, dispersion or dilution of a composition according to the invention in the water.
  • composition according to the invention may be formulated in the form of a concentrate to be diluted in, dispersed in or emulsified with water to obtain a preparation, which is then ready for use, that is to say, adapted to the application on a plant.
  • a concentrate is generally in liquid form (solution, emulsion or suspension), in gel form or in solid form (such as a powder, granules, a film).
  • a concentrate is preferably emulsifiable or dispersible in water.
  • the preparation may be in the form of a solution, an emulsion or a suspension.
  • the preparation is in the form of a spray emulsion.
  • Such a formulation allows a distribution of fungicides and / or algicides homogeneously on the area to be treated during the application.
  • the preparation according to the invention is usable as a fungicide and / or algicide, in a preventive and / or curative manner.
  • compositions and preparations according to the invention can be used to control an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, more particularly, Pythium and / or Phytophthora, preferentially Phytophthora infestans and / or or Pythium sp ..
  • the invention also discloses a fungicidal and / or algicidal composition for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms. More particularly, the fungicidal and / or algicidal composition is capable of controlling Pythium and / or Phytophtora, preferably Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal composition may have one or more of the characteristics of the compositions described above. before.
  • the fungicidal and / or algicidal composition for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it comprises a single active substance which consists of octanol. octan-2- ⁇ and / or 2-ethylhexanol, preferably octanol.
  • the invention also relates to methods of controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused thereby.
  • a plant to be treated is contacted with an effective amount of a fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention or a composition or preparation according to the invention.
  • Effective amount means an amount necessary and sufficient to control the organism and / or the disease caused by it. We also commonly speak of dose.
  • the effective amount of an active substance may vary depending on the humidity and the temperature.
  • the person skilled in the art knows how to determine by simple experimentation the quantity necessary to fight against the organism, such as a fungus and / or seaweed, or against the disease caused by it.
  • the soil to be treated is brought into contact with an effective amount of a fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention or a composition or preparation according to the invention.
  • a soil treatment may comprise the incorporation of the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention, of the composition according to the invention or of the preparation according to the invention, in the soil before the sowing, transplanting is carried out. in nursery or potting, or alternatively after cultivation.
  • the processes according to the invention are more particularly suitable for treating a plant and / or a soil intended to receive plants in the context of vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oleaginous crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops as described above.
  • the treatments can be carried out as a preventive and / or curative, preferably by spraying.
  • Spraying is carried out on the aerial parts of a plant, such as leaves, stems, fruits, flowers, ears, buds and / or on the soil to be treated, including parts of a plant in contact with the plant. soil, such as snares, roots, tubers, seeds.
  • soil such as snares, roots, tubers, seeds.
  • it may be a preventive treatment by spraying the soil and / or collar.
  • a dose of 0.2 to 10 L / ha of an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is applied.
  • the treatments are intended to combat an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, more particularly, Pythium and / or Phytophtora, preferably Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp ..
  • Diseases caused by Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium are for example seedling fonts, root rots, collar rots and / or mildew.
  • FIG. 1 a graph illustrating the efficiency results of octanol as a function of its concentration on a resistant strain of Pythium sp.
  • Example 1 Sensitivity / n / fro of a resistant strain of Pythium sp.
  • the strain was isolated from chicory roots. It is very resistant to fungicidal substances belonging to the phenylamide and Qol families. 4 ml of sterile distilled water are placed in a petri dish. Sporocysts are added and following a temperature shock, they release the zoospores. After 24 hours, the spores released into the water are suspended in a PDL medium ("Pea Dextrose Liquid”), doubly concentrated. The spore concentration is adjusted to 500 spores / mL.
  • spore suspension 100 ⁇ l of the spore suspension at 500 spores / ml are added to 100 ⁇ l of a mixture containing distilled water, a quantity of octanol varying according to the desired concentration described below, and absolute ethanol which has a final constant concentration of 0.5% (v / v).
  • the octanol is first diluted in absolute ethanol to obtain the following concentrations: 0.000512 - 0.00256 - 0.0128 - 0.064 - 0.32 - 1, 6 and 8 ⁇ g / mL.
  • Octanol is very effective against the resistant Pythium sp. Strain.
  • the EC 50 calculated for octanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0013 pg of active substance / ml.
  • Example 2 In vitro sensitivity of a strain of Phytophthora infestans
  • the strain was isolated from potato leaves. It is sensitive to all fungicidal substances used to control potato late blight.
  • Octanol is very effective against Phytophthora infestans.
  • the EC 50 calculated for the octanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0027 ⁇ g active substance / ml.
  • the strain was isolated from potato leaves as before.
  • Example 2 The same protocol as that described in Example 1 was carried out with sporocysts of Phytophthora infestans, with the exception of the spore concentration which was adjusted to 2 ⁇ 10 4 spores / ml and the incubation period brought to 5 days.
  • 2-Ethyl hexanol was previously diluted in absolute ethanol to give the following different concentrations: 0.000512 - 0.00256 - 0.0128 - 0.064 - 0.32 - 1, 6 and 8 pmg / L.
  • 2-Ethyl hexanol is effective against Phytophthora infestans.
  • the EC 50 calculated for 2-ethyl hexanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0068 ⁇ g active substance / mL.
  • Example 4 Susceptibility, mp &mt
  • Octanol was mixed with sterile distilled water and Actirob B® marketed by Novance® (Actirob B is an emulsion in water at 842 g / l of rapeseed oil methyl esters at 2L / ha) to obtain compositions at the following octanol doses: 0 - 0.5 - 1, 0 - 3.0 and 6.0 L / ha.
  • Young potato leaves were collected and their surface disinfected. 12 mm discs were cut through a cork borer under a laminar airflow. Each is randomized and placed in petri dishes so that the bottom of the leaves are in contact with the sterile filter paper moistened with 3 mL of distilled water.
  • the different formulations containing the active substance or distilled water, which serves as a control, are applied to the disc-shaped sheets by spraying with the aid of a gun at a pressure of 2 bars.
  • the amount sprayed corresponds to the equivalent of 300L / ha, For each condition, 2 repetitions of 6 disks each are carried out.
  • Petri dishes containing V8 Juice - CaC0 3 - agar medium are seeded with a mycelium colony of the Phytophthora infestans strain.
  • the Petri dishes are then incubated at 19 ° C in the dark for 2 to 3 weeks.
  • 4 ml of sterile distilled water are introduced into each Petri dish and the spores are dislodged with a spatula and filtered through sterile Myracloth.
  • the suspension is adjusted to 2x10 5 spores / ml in sterile cold distilled water.
  • the potato leaf disks treated or untreated are inoculated with 20 ⁇ l of the previously prepared Phytophthora infestans spore suspension.
  • the Each value corresponds to the average of 12 observations per treatment.
  • octanol used at concentrations of 3 and 6 l / ha greatly reduces the potato leaf infection intensity caused by Phytophthora infestans inoculated after 5 days of incubation.
  • Octanol thus has a preventive effect.
  • Octanol controls the proliferation of Phytophthora infestans organisms in the potato.
  • Example 5 In planta sensitivity of urte strain of Phytophtora in festans - Curative treatment (simultaneous inoculation of Phytophthora infestans and the fungicide)
  • 0.5 ml of the spore suspension is mixed with 0.5 ml of each of the preparations containing the active substance or 0.5 ml of distilled water or 0.5 ml of distilled water in the presence of Actirob B ® at 2 L / ha.
  • the Petri dishes are placed in an incubator at 23 ° C, at a relative humidity of 100%, with alternating periods of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness.
  • Each value corresponds to an average of 12 observations per treatment.
  • octanol is applied at the same time as Phytophthora infestans to the surface of potato leaves, this substance completely inhibits the development of this pathogen whatever the incubation time (5 or 7 days) and the dose used ( 0.5 - 1 - 3 - 6 LJha).
  • Octanol thus has a healing effect, killing the organism Phytophthora infestans of the potato.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of an alcohol consisting of a linear or branched hydrocarbon-based chain having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, substituted with a single hydroxyl group, as a fungicide and/or algicide. It is more particularly directed towards combating the organisms of the family Pythiaceae. It is also directed towards compositions and preparations comprising these novel fungicides and/or algicides, and also the processes for obtaining same and the uses thereof.

Description

UTILISATION D'ALCOOL(S) COMME FONGICIDE ET/OU ALGICIDE  USE OF ALCOHOL (S) AS A FUNGICIDE AND / OR ALGICIDE
La présente invention se rapporte à de nouveaux fongicides et/ou algicides pour lutter contre des organismes de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou contre des maladies causées par ceux-ci. Elle concerne également des compositions et préparations comportant ces nouveaux fongicides et/ou algicides, ainsi que leurs procédés d'obtention et leurs utilisations. The present invention relates to novel fungicides and / or algicides for controlling organisms of the family Pythiaceae and / or against diseases caused by them. It also relates to compositions and preparations comprising these novel fungicides and / or algicides, as well as their methods of obtaining and their uses.
La famille des Pythiaceae est issue de la classe des Oomycètes, qui a longtemps été classée dans la lignée des Fungi (champignons). D'ailleurs, la banque de données en ligne sur les champignons, Mycobank, recense toujours la famille des Pythiaceae parmi les champignons. Néanmoins, des chercheurs ont récemment montré que les Oomycètes faisaient plutôt partie de la lignée des algues Hétérokonthes, aussi nommées algues Straménopiles, que de celle des Fungi (champignons). Dans cette nouvelle classification, les Oomycètes sont alors qualifiées de « fongiformes ». De ce fait, on qualifiera une substance active susceptible de lutter contre un organisme de la famille Pythiaceae et/ou contre une maladie causée par celui-ci, de fongicide et/ou d'algicide.  The family Pythiaceae comes from the class Oomycetes, which has long been classified in the line of Fungi (mushrooms). In fact, the online mushroom database, Mycobank, still lists the Pythiaceae family as mushrooms. However, researchers have recently shown that Oomycetes were rather part of the line of algae Heterokonthes, also called Stramenopiles algae, than that of Fungi (fungi). In this new classification, Oomycetes are then termed "fungiform". As a result, an active substance that may control an organism of the Pythiaceae family and / or a disease caused by it, a fungicide and / or an algaecide will be considered.
Un fongicide est un produit phytopharmaceutique destiné à lutter contre au moins un champignon ou un organisme fongiforme ou contre au moins une maladie causée par ceux-ci, tandis qu'un algicide est un produit phytopharmaceutique destiné à lutter contre au moins une algue ou contre la ou les maladies causées par celle-ci.  A fungicide is a phytopharmaceutical product intended to control at least one fungus or fungiform organism or against at least one disease caused by them, while an algicide is a phytopharmaceutical product intended to control at least one algae or against or diseases caused by it.
Par produit phytopharmaceutique, on entend une substance active ou une composition comprenant une ou plusieurs substances actives, qui est destinée notamment à :  "Plant protection product" means an active substance or a composition comprising one or more active substances, which is intended in particular for:
protéger au moins un végétal contre au moins un organisme nuisible ou à prévenir son action;  to protect at least one plant against at least one pest or to prevent its action;
exercer une action sur un processus vital d'un végétal, pour autant qu'il ne s'agisse pas de substances nutritives (par exemple, les régulateurs de croissance) ; et/ou  acting on a vital process of a plant, as long as it is not a nutrient (eg growth regulators); and or
assurer la conservation d'un végétal.  ensure the conservation of a plant.
Une substance active est une substance, y compris un micro-organisme, exerçant une action générale ou spécifique sur un organisme nuisible ou sur un végétal. De façon non limitative, les substances actives peuvent être soit d'origine naturelle, soit issues de la chimie de synthèse, qui peuvent être des substances mimétiques de substances naturelles, telles que les phéromones. An active substance is a substance, including a micro-organism, that has a general or specific action on a pest or a plant. In a non-limiting way, the active substances can be either of origin natural, derived from synthetic chemistry, which may be mimetics of natural substances, such as pheromones.
Par végétal, on entend en particulier une plante et/ou une partie de plante, y compris un fruit, un légume ou une semence.  By plant, is meant in particular a plant and / or part of a plant, including a fruit, a vegetable or a seed.
De nombreuses substances actives sont actuellement utilisées afin de protéger les cultures, de prévenir l'apparition d'organismes phyto-pathogènes et de lutter contre les maladies qu'ils provoquent. Pourtant, il existe toujours un besoin en nouvelles substances actives, d'une part, car des résistances à ces substances ne cessent de se développer et d'autre part, car la majorité des substances aujourd'hui utilisées présente une toxicité non négligeable.  Many active substances are currently used to protect crops, prevent the emergence of plant pathogens and fight against the diseases they cause. However, there is still a need for new active substances, on the one hand, because resistance to these substances are constantly growing and on the other hand, because the majority of substances currently used has a significant toxicity.
A titre d'exemple, on peut citer le chlorhydrate de propamocarbe utilisé pour lutter contre les organismes Pythium et Phytophtora et les maladies causées par ceux- ci. Le chlorhydrate de propamocarbe est considéré comme pouvant causer des lésions aux yeux et pouvant se décomposer en libérant des gaz dangereux lorsqu'il est exposé à la chaleur.  By way of example, mention may be made of propamocarb hydrochloride used for controlling Pythium and Phytophtora organisms and the diseases caused by them. Propamocarb hydrochloride is considered to cause damage to the eyes and can break down by releasing dangerous gases when exposed to heat.
Il faut donc pouvoir proposer de nouvelles solutions de substitution efficaces et plus respectueuses de l'humain et de l'environnement.  It is therefore necessary to be able to propose new effective alternatives that are more respectful of the human and the environment.
De façon surprenante, le travail des inventeurs a permis de montrer que certains alcools pouvaient être utilisés en tant que fongicide et/ou algicide pour lutter contre les organismes de la famille des Pythiaceae.  Surprisingly, the work of the inventors made it possible to show that certain alcohols could be used as a fungicide and / or algicide to fight against the organisms of the Pythiaceae family.
La demande de brevet FR2235644 divulgue un procédé pour combattre les maladies provoquées par les champignons persistants pendant l'hiver sur les plantes ligneuses, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite lesdites plantes dans une phase de dormance ou se rapprochant d'une phase de dormance au moyen d'une composition qui comprend un agent tensioactif qui est un produit de condensation d'un alkylphénol avec l'oxyde d'éthylène, et un ester d'acide gras ou un alcool gras, dans un rapport pondéral donné. Or, les alkylphénols éthoxylés, sont considérés comme des perturbateurs endocriniens. L'agent tensioactif le plus utilisé dans les exemples de la demande, le nonylphénol éthoxylé, présenterait un effet néfaste sur les écosystèmes aquatiques, et ses produits de dégradation, tel que le nonyphénol, seraient encore plus persistants dans l'environnement et plus toxiques. C'est pourquoi, ces tensioactifs sont interdits dans certains pays, comme la France. En outre, les exemples de cette demande décrivent une action fongicide uniquement à l'égard de l'oïdium du pommier (provoquée par Podosphaera leucotricha) et non à l'égard d'une quelconque maladie provoquée par un des organismes de la famille des Pythiaceae. La lutte est donc spécifique à une maladie causée par un organisme différent des organismes visés par l'invention. The patent application FR2235644 discloses a method for combating diseases caused by persistent fungi during the winter on woody plants, characterized in that said plants are treated in a dormancy phase or approaching a dormancy phase at means of a composition which comprises a surfactant which is a condensation product of an alkylphenol with ethylene oxide, and a fatty acid ester or a fatty alcohol, in a given weight ratio. However, ethoxylated alkylphenols are considered as endocrine disruptors. The surfactant most commonly used in the examples of the application, ethoxylated nonylphenol, would have a deleterious effect on aquatic ecosystems, and its degradation products, such as nonyphenol, would be even more persistent in the environment and more toxic. This is why these surfactants are banned in some countries, such as France. In addition, the examples of this application describe a fungicidal action only with respect to apple powdery mildew (caused by Podosphaera leucotricha) and not with respect to any disease caused by any of the organisms of the family Pythiaceae. . The fight is so specific to a disease caused by an organism different from the organisms targeted by the invention.
La présente invention concerne donc l'utilisation d'un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone en tant que fongicide et/ou aigicide pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci.  The present invention therefore relates to the use of an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms as a fungicide and / or aigicide for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it.
Par lutter contre un organisme, on entend le fait de tuer l'organisme (effet curatif), présentement appelé champignon, organisme fongiforme et/ou algue, de prévenir son apparition (effet préventif), et/ou de contrôler sa prolifération.  By fighting against an organism is meant killing the body (curative effect), currently called fungus, fungiform organism and / or algae, prevent its occurrence (preventive effect), and / or control its proliferation.
Par lutter contre une maladie causée par l'organisme, on entend le fait d'éradiquer la maladie (effet curatif), de prévenir son apparition (effet préventif) et/ou de contrôler son évolution et/ou sa propagation.  The fight against a disease caused by the body means eradicating the disease (curative effect), prevent its occurrence (preventive effect) and / or control its evolution and / or its spread.
Par « alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone », on vise plus particulièrement un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone linéaire ou ramifié. Par « linéaire ou ramifié », on exclut spécifiquement les alcools cycliques. Plus particulièrement encore, l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est un alcool constitué d'une chaîne hydrocarbonée, linéaire ou ramifiée, ayant 7, 8 ou 9 atomes de carbone, substituée par un unique groupement hydroxyle (OH). Par « chaîne hydrocarbonée », on entend une chaîne constituée uniquement d'atomes de carbone et d'hydrogène. En d'autres termes, l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone ne comporte pas d'hétérosubstituant autre que l'unique groupement hydroxyle.  By "alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms" is more particularly an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms linear or branched. By "linear or branched", cyclic alcohols are specifically excluded. Even more particularly, the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is an alcohol consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, having 7, 8 or 9 carbon atoms, substituted by a single hydroxyl group (OH). By "hydrocarbon chain" is meant a chain consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms. In other words, the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms does not contain a heterosubstituent other than the single hydroxyl group.
Avantageusement, l'alcool est saturé.  Advantageously, the alcohol is saturated.
De préférence, l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone présente la formule brute suivante :  Preferably, the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms has the following empirical formula:
CnH2n+20 dans laquelle n est un entier égal à 7, 8 ou 9. C n H 2 n + 20 wherein n is an integer equal to 7, 8 or 9.
Comme alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, linéaire, on peut citer l'heptanol As an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, linear, mention may be made of heptanol
(ou l'heptan-1-ol), l'octanol (également nommé octan-1-ol ou alcool caprylique) ou le nonanol (ou nonan-1-ol ou alcool pélargonique). (or heptan-1-ol), octanol (also known as octan-1-ol or caprylic alcohol) or nonanol (or nonan-1-ol or pelargonic alcohol).
Comme alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, ramifié, on peut citer l'octan-2- ol, le 2-éthyl-hexanol, le 7-méthyl-octan-1-ol ou le 6-méthyl-pentan-1 -ol.  As alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, branched, there may be mentioned octan-2-ol, 2-ethyl-hexanol, 7-methyl-octan-1-ol or 6-methyl-pentan-1 - ol.
L'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone peut être utilisé seul ou en mélange avec un ou plusieurs autres alcools ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbones.  The alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms may be used alone or in admixture with one or more other alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
L'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est utilisé en tant que fongicide et/ou aigicide et est également désigné ci-après par « le fongicide et/ou aigicide selon l'invention ». Avantageusement, cet alcool peut être obtenu à partir de ressources renouvelables, telles qu'à partir de graisses animales ou d'huiles végétales. The alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is used as a fungicide and / or aigicide and is hereinafter also referred to as "the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention". Advantageously, this alcohol can be obtained from renewable resources, such as from animal fats or vegetable oils.
De préférence, l'organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae est Pythium et/ou Phytophtora.  Preferably, the organism of the Pythiaceae family is Pythium and / or Phytophthora.
A titre d'exemples d'organisme de ces espèces, on peut citer Phytophtora infestans, Phytophtora cinnamomi, Phytophtora ramorum, Phytophtora capsici, Phytophtora palmivora, Phytophtora fragariae, Phytophthora citrophthora et Phytophthora parasitica, Pythium sp., Pythium ultimum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium irregulare et les Pythium du groupe F.  Examples of organisms of these species include Phytophthora infestans, Phytophtora cinnamomi, Phytophtora ramorum, Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora fragariae, Phytophthora citrophthora and Phytophthora parasitica, Pythium sp., Pythium ultimum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium Irregulare and Pythium group F.
Plus préférentiellement, le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention est utilisé pour lutter contre Pythium sp. et/ou Phytophtora infestans et/ou une ou plusieurs maladie(s) causée(s) par ceux-ci. Une action ciblée sur ces espèces d'organismes permet une lutte sélective contre Pythium sp. et/ou Phytophtora infestans et/ou la ou les maladie(s) causée(s) par ceux-ci. En particulier, il a été montré que les fongicides et/ou algicides selon l'invention, et plus particulièrement l'octanol, agissaient sur certaines souches résistantes de Pythium sp., en particulier des souches très résistantes aux fongicides de types phénylamides (code FRAC 4) et Qol («Quinone outside inhibitor », code FRAC 1 1 ).  More preferably, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is used to fight against Pythium sp. and / or Phytophthora infestans and / or one or more disease (s) caused by them. Targeted action on these species of organisms allows selective control of Pythium sp. and / or Phytophthora infestans and / or the disease (s) caused by them. In particular, it has been shown that the fungicides and / or algicides according to the invention, and more particularly octanol, act on certain resistant strains of Pythium sp., In particular strains very resistant to fungicides of phenylamide types (FRAC code 4) and Qol ("Quinone outside inhibitor", FRAC code 1 1).
Les codes FRAC (« Fungicide Résistance Action Committee ») correspondent à un classement des fongicides selon leur mode d'action. Au niveau de chaque mode d'action, les fongicides sont classés par famille chimique, à laquelle est associé un code (voir le site http://www.frac.info/).  The FRAC (Fungicide Resistance Action Committee) codes correspond to a classification of fungicides according to their mode of action. At the level of each mode of action, fungicides are classified by chemical family, which is associated with a code (see http://www.frac.info/).
Les maladies causées par les organismes Phytophtora et/ou Pythium, sont de deux types :  Diseases caused by Phytophthora and / or Pythium organisms, are of two types:
- les maladies qui affectent seulement ou principalement les parties aériennes de la plante, telles qu'une feuille, une tige et/ou un fruit, causées par certaines espèces de Phytophtora. Par exemple, le mildiou de la pomme de terre et le mildiou de la tomate sont causés par Phytophtora infestans ; la gommose du bois et la pourriture brune des fruits (mandarine et tangelos) sont causées par Phytophthora citrophthora et Phytophthora parasitica.  - diseases that affect only or mainly the aerial parts of the plant, such as a leaf, stem and / or fruit, caused by certain species of Phytophthora. For example, late blight of potato and late blight of tomato are caused by Phytophthora infestans; wood gummosis and brown fruit rot (mandarin and tangelos) are caused by Phytophthora citrophthora and Phytophthora parasitica.
- les maladies de sol qui affectent les végétaux en contact avec le sol, tels qu'une racine, la partie basse d'une tige, un tubercule, une semence et/ou un fruit qui touche le sol. Ces maladies sont causées principalement par Pythium ainsi que par quelques espèces de Phytophtora. A titre d'exemple, le pourridié des racines de framboisier et la stèle rouge du fraisier sont causés par Phytophtora fragariae ; les pourritures du collet et des fruits chez les cucurbitacées sont causées par Phytophtora capsici ; la fonte des semis aussi appelée maladie du pied noir, qui affecte les racines des jeunes plantes, telles que le maïs, le coton et le soja, peut être causée par Pythium. - Soil diseases that affect plants in contact with the soil, such as a root, the lower part of a stem, a tuber, a seed and / or a fruit that touches the soil. These diseases are caused mainly by Pythium as well as by some species of Phytophthora. As an example, root rot of raspberry roots and red stele of strawberry are caused by Phytophthora fragariae; collar and fruit rots in cucurbits are caused by Phytophthora capsici; seedling blight, also known as black foot disease, which affects the roots of young plants, such as corn, cotton and soybeans, may be caused by Pythium.
Ainsi, le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention peut être utilisé pour traiter une culture choisie parmi les cultures potagères, les cultures ornementales, les cultures tropicales, les cultures oléagineuses, les cultures fruitières et/ou les cultures céréalières, ou un végétal issu de ces cultures. Le traitement peut être réalisé à titre préventif et/ou curatif. En particulier, il peut être réalisé en dehors d'une période où le végétal est en phase de dormance ou se rapproche d'une phase de dormance.  Thus, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention can be used to treat a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops, or a plant from these cultures. The treatment can be carried out as a preventive and / or curative. In particular, it can be performed outside a period when the plant is dormant or is approaching a dormancy phase.
Par cultures potagères, on entend plus particulièrement les cultures de pommes de terre, de choux, d'aubergines, de courgettes, de citrouilles, de salades (laitues, scaroles, mâches), de tomates, de haricots, de pois, de carottes, d'oignons, de navets, d'épinards, de chicons, d'endives, de chicorées, de poivrons, de piments de serre, de concombres de serre, de luzernes.  Vegetable crops include potatoes, cabbages, aubergines, zucchini, pumpkins, salads (lettuce, escarole, lamb's lettuce), tomatoes, beans, peas and carrots. onions, turnips, spinach, chicory, endives, chicory, peppers, greenhouse peppers, greenhouse cucumbers, alfalfa.
Par cultures ornementales, on entend plus particulièrement les plantes vivaces non ligneuses, les plantes ornementales à bulbes, les tubercules ou rhizomes, les graminées, les cactées, les plantes grasses, les gazons et les pelouses (y compris les greens des terrains de golf), les arbres et arbustes ornementaux, en plein air ou sous protection, tels que les rosiers, les azalées, les rhododendrons, les dahlias, les bégonias, les capucines, les pâquerettes, les coléus, les thuyas.  Ornamental crops include non-perennial perennials, bulbs, tubers or rhizomes, grasses, cacti, succulents, turf and lawns (including golf course greens). , ornamental trees and shrubs, outdoors or under protection, such as roses, azaleas, rhododendrons, dahlias, begonias, nasturtiums, daisies, coleus, thuja.
Par cultures tropicales, on entend plus particulièrement les cultures de sojas, de riz et de cotons.  By tropical crops, we mean more particularly crops of soybeans, rice and cottons.
Par cultures oléagineuses, on entend plus particulièrement les cultures de colzas, de lin.  By oleaginous crops, is meant more particularly the crops of rapeseed, flax.
Par cultures fruitières, on entend plus particulièrement, les fraisiers, les framboisiers, les melons, les agrumes tels que les citrons, les limes, les pomelos, les mandarines et les tangelos.  By fruit crops, we mean more particularly strawberries, raspberries, melons, citrus fruits such as lemons, limes, pomelos, mandarins and tangelos.
Par cultures céréalières, on entend plus particulièrement les cultures de seigles et de maïs.  Cereal crops are more particularly crops of rye and maize.
En particulier, le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention est utilisé pour traiter les cultures de pommes de terre, de tomates, de maïs, de sojas, de riz, de cotons et/ou de colzas, ou les végétaux issus de ces cultures. Plus particulièrement encore, le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention, est adapté au traitement : - des maïs, des sojas, des riz et des cotons contre l'organisme Pythium sp. et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, et In particular, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is used to treat potato, tomato, corn, soybean, rice, cottonseed and / or rapeseed crops, or the plants derived therefrom. cultures. More particularly, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention is suitable for treatment: - corn, soybeans, rice and cottons against the organism Pythium sp. and / or a disease caused by it, and
- des pommes de terre, des tomates et des colzas contre l'organisme Phytophtora infestans et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci.  - potatoes, tomatoes and colzas against the organism Phytophthora infestans and / or a disease caused by it.
Avantageusement, le fongicide et/ou aigicide selon l'invention, utilisé pour traiter les cultures décrites ci-avant, est choisi parmi les alcools ayant 8 atomes de carbone ou leur mélange. L'alcool ayant 8 atomes de carbone présente toutes les caractéristiques particulières et préférées des alcools ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone. En particulier, il s'agit de l'octanol, l'octan-2-ol et/ou le 2-éthyl-hexanol, de préférence l'octanol.  Advantageously, the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention, used to treat the cultures described above, is chosen from alcohols having 8 carbon atoms or their mixture. The alcohol having 8 carbon atoms has all the particular and preferred characteristics of alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms. In particular, it is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethyl hexanol, preferably octanol.
L'octanol, l'octan-2-ol et/ou le 2-éthyl-hexanol peuvent avantageusement être obtenus à partir de ressources renouvelables telles que des huiles végétales. Par exemple, l'octanol peut être obtenu par réduction de l'acide caprylique, lui-même issu d'huile végétale de coco et/ou de palmiste. L'octanol est peu écotoxique et facilement biodégradable, plus de 70% en 30 jours. Le 2-éthylhexanol, pouvant être synthétisé à partir de matières premières végétales, est également facilement biodégradable, 100% en 5 jours.  Octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol can advantageously be obtained from renewable resources such as vegetable oils. For example, octanol can be obtained by reducing caprylic acid, itself derived from vegetable oil of coconut and / or palm kernel. Octanol is not very ecotoxic and easily biodegradable, more than 70% in 30 days. 2-Ethylhexanol, which can be synthesized from vegetable raw materials, is also easily biodegradable, 100% in 5 days.
Plus particulièrement, l'octanol est utilisé comme fongicide et/ou aigicide pour : lutter contre Pythium sp. et en particulier contre les souches sensibles et/ou résistantes de Pythium sp.,  More particularly, octanol is used as a fungicide and / or aigicide for: controlling Pythium sp. and in particular against the sensitive and / or resistant strains of Pythium sp.,
lutter contre Phytophtora infestans et/ou  to control Phytophthora infestans and / or
lutter contre la ou les maladie(s) causée(s) par ceux-ci, telles que le mildiou de la pomme de terre, la fonte des semis, par exemple la fonte des semis du maïs. control of the disease (s) caused by them, such as potato late blight, damping-off, such as damping-off of maize.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le fongicide et/ou aigicide selon l'invention est mélangé à un ou plusieurs autre(s) produit(s) phytopharmaceutique(s) tel(s) qu'un fongicide, un aigicide et/ou un régulateur de croissance. According to one embodiment of the invention, the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention is mixed with one or more other phytopharmaceutical product (s) such as a fungicide, an aigicide and or a growth regulator.
Plus particulièrement, le fongicide et/ou aigicide selon l'invention est utilisé en mélange avec une autre substance fongicide et/ou aigicide.  More particularly, the fungicide and / or aigicide according to the invention is used in admixture with another fungicidal and / or aigicidal substance.
L'autre substance fongicide et/ou aigicide peut être choisie de manière à obtenir un mélange ayant un spectre d'action élargi. Par spectre d'action, on entend l'ensemble des activités du mélange résultant de la somme des activités de chacun des fongicides et/ou algicides. Par exemple, l'autre substance fongicide et/ou aigicide peut agir sur un organisme autre que ceux appartenant à la famille des Pythiaceae, tel qu'un organisme appartenant à la classe des Oomycètes (hors Pythiaceae), Deuteromycètes, Basidiomycètes, et/ou Ascomycètes, et/ou une maladie provoquée par ceux-ci. The other fungicidal and / or aicicidal substance may be selected to provide a mixture having a broader spectrum of action. By action spectrum is meant all the activities of the mixture resulting from the sum of the activities of each of the fungicides and / or algicides. For example, the other fungicidal and / or aicidal substance may act on an organism other than those belonging to the family Pythiaceae, such as an organism belonging to the Oomycetes class (excluding Pythiaceae), Deuteromycetes, Basidiomycetes, and / or Ascomycetes, and / or a disease caused by them.
L'autre substance fongicide et/ou algicide peut également être choisie de manière à obtenir un mélange ayant au moins deux modes d'action différents ciblant le ou les même(s) organisme(s) pour avoir une efficacité accrue contre un ou plusieurs organisme(s) de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou la ou les maladie(s) causée(s) par ceux-ci. La complémentarité des modes d'action permet en effet d'agir en même temps selon plusieurs modes d'attaque, ce qui rend le mélange fongicide et/ou algicide plus efficace. Par ailleurs, la complémentarité des modes d'action de tels mélanges de fongicide(s) et/ou algicide(s) permet de vaincre les résistances développées par les organismes pathogènes à l'égard de certaines substances actives et d'éviter de créer des résistances.  The other fungicidal and / or algicidal substance may also be selected to obtain a mixture having at least two different modes of action targeting the same organism (s) to have increased efficacy against one or more organism (s) of the family Pythiaceae and / or the disease (s) caused by them. The complementarity of the modes of action makes it possible to act at the same time according to several modes of attack, which makes the mixture fungicide and / or algicide more effective. Moreover, the complementarity of the modes of action of such mixtures of fungicide (s) and / or algicide (s) makes it possible to overcome the resistance developed by the pathogenic organisms with regard to certain active substances and to avoid creating resistances.
L'association du fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention avec une autre substance fongicide et/ou algicide présente l'avantage de pouvoir réduire la quantité nécessaire de cette autre substance fongicide et/ou algicide tout en obtenant un résultat similaire. Ceci est particulièrement avantageux parce que le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention peut être d'origine renouvelable, en particulier d'origine végétale, alors que la majorité des substances fongicides et/ou algicides actuellement utilisée est d'origine pétrochimique et peut présenter des problèmes de toxicité pour l'humain et/ou l'environnement. La réduction de la quantité de substance(s) d'origine pétrochimique présente donc un grand avantage en termes de santé humaine et de protection de l'environnement.  The combination of the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention with another fungicidal and / or algicidal substance has the advantage of being able to reduce the necessary quantity of this other fungicidal and / or algicidal substance while obtaining a similar result. This is particularly advantageous because the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention can be of renewable origin, in particular of vegetable origin, whereas the majority of the fungicidal and / or algicidal substances currently used is of petrochemical origin and can present problems of toxicity to humans and / or the environment. The reduction of the quantity of substance (s) of petrochemical origin thus has a great advantage in terms of human health and protection of the environment.
Cette réduction de la quantité de substance(s) fongicide(s) et/ou algicide(s) d'origine pétrochimique est d'autant plus importante, lorsqu'un effet synergique est observé entre un fongicide et/ou un algicide selon l'invention, en particulier un alcool ou un mélange d'alcools ayant 8 atomes de carbone, tel que l'octanol, et une autre substance fongicide et/ou algicide.  This reduction in the quantity of fungicidal substance (s) and / or algaecide (s) of petrochemical origin is all the more important when a synergistic effect is observed between a fungicide and / or an algicide according to the in particular an alcohol or a mixture of alcohols having 8 carbon atoms, such as octanol, and another fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
En outre, il a été observé que cette synergie peut aider à combattre et à vaincre des résistances développées par les organismes pathogènes à l'égard de certaines substances actives, telles que les phénylamides et les Qol.  In addition, it has been observed that this synergy can help to combat and overcome resistances developed by pathogenic organisms with regard to certain active substances, such as phenylamides and Qol.
A titre d'exemple, l'association de l'octanol, de l'octan-2-ol et/ou du 2-éthyl- hexanol avec une substance fongicide telle que le Fluazinam, permet de lutter plus efficacement contre les organismes de la famille des Pythiaceae, tout en étant plus respectueux de l'environnement, du fait de la plus faible quantité efficace de Fluazinam nécessaire comparativement à un emploi seul de ce dernier. De préférence, on utilise une combinaison d'octanoi et de Fluazinam. By way of example, the combination of octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol with a fungicidal substance such as Fluazinam makes it possible to fight against the organisms of the family of Pythiaceae, while being more environmentally friendly, because of the lower effective amount of Fluazinam needed compared to a single use of the latter. Preferably, we use a combination of octanoi and Fluazinam.
Plus particulièrement, le fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention pouvant être d'origine renouvelable et biodégradable, pourrait avantageusement être utilisé en agriculture biologique.  More particularly, the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention may be of renewable and biodegradable origin, could advantageously be used in organic farming.
L'agriculture biologique est une méthode de production agricole qui vise à limiter l'utilisation de produits issus de la chimie de synthèse et à privilégier les produits d'origine renouvelable et faiblement écotoxiques.  Organic farming is a method of agricultural production that aims to limit the use of products derived from synthetic chemistry and to favor products of renewable origin and weakly ecotoxic.
L'invention concerne également des compositions comportant un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone.  The invention also relates to compositions comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
En particulier, l'invention concerne des compositions comportant un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, tel que défini ci-avant.  In particular, the invention relates to compositions comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, as defined above.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la composition comporte un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone et un produit choisi parmi le groupe constitué par la paraffine, l'huile minérale paraffinique, les polymères d'hydrocarbures, l'huile de colza, l'huile de colza estérifiée, en particulier les esters méthyliques d'huile de colza, les polymères d'amine gras, le diméthyl polysiloxane, les alcools terpéniques, les triglycérides éthoxylés, les résines, les alcools polyvinyliques, l'alpha oléine sulfonate, les esters sulfuriques, les alcools d'acides gras sulfonés, l'abiétate de diéthylèneglycol, les poiysorbates, les polymères acryliques, les polymères acétate de vinyle - ester maléique, les liants cellulosiques, raluminosilicate de potassium, le cuivre du taliate de cuivre, les latex, en particulier synthétiques, le colorant bleu brillant (ou « acid blue »), l'huile de pin, le sulfate d'ammonium, les huiles blanches minérales ou de pétrole, la triéthanolamine, les esters méthyliques d'huile végétale ou d'acides gras, les esters de phosphate d'alcools gras polyoxyalkylés, les polymères complexes d'éthylène et de propylène, la lécithine de soja, l'oléate d'éthyle, luminaria digitata ou leur mélange.  According to a first embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and a product selected from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil, hydrocarbon polymers, oil rapeseed oil, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters, fatty amine polymers, dimethyl polysiloxane, terpene alcohols, ethoxylated triglycerides, resins, polyvinyl alcohols, alpha olein sulfonate, sulfuric esters, sulfonated fatty acid alcohols, diethylene glycol abietate, polysorbates, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate-maleic ester polymers, cellulosic binders, potassium aluminosilicate, copper taliate copper, latex, especially synthetic, bright blue dye (or "acid blue"), pine oil, ammonium sulphate, white mineral or petroleum oils, t rethanolamine, vegetable oil or fatty acid methyl esters, polyoxyalkylated fatty alcohol phosphate esters, ethylene and propylene complex polymers, soy lecithin, ethyl oleate, luminaria digitata or their mixture.
Plus particulièrement, la composition selon l'invention comporte un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone et un produit choisi parmi le groupe constitué par la paraffine, l'huile minérale paraffinique, les polymères d'hydrocarbures, l'huile de colza, l'huile de colza estérifiée, en particulier les esters méthyliques d'huile de colza, le diméthyl polysiloxane, les alcools terpéniques, les triglycérides éthoxylés, les alcools polyvinyliques, l'alpha oléine sulfonate, les esters sulfuriques, les alcools d'acides gras sulfonés, l'abiétate de diéthylèneglycol, les poiysorbates, les polymères acryliques, les polymères acétate de vinyle - ester maléique, les liants cellulosiques, l'aluminosilicate de potassium, le cuivre du taliate de cuivre, les latex, en particulier synthétiques, le colorant bleu brillant (ou « acid blue »), les huiles blanches minérales ou de pétrole, les esters méthyliques d'huile végétale ou d'acides gras, ou leur mélange. More particularly, the composition according to the invention comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and a product chosen from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil, hydrocarbon polymers, rapeseed oil esterified rapeseed oil, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters, dimethyl polysiloxane, terpene alcohols, ethoxylated triglycerides, polyvinyl alcohols, alpha olein sulfonate, sulfuric esters, sulfonated fatty acid alcohols , diethylene glycol abietate, polysorbates, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate-maleic ester polymers, cellulosic binders, potassium aluminosilicate, copper taliate copper, latexes, in particular synthetic, blue dye brilliant (or "acid blue"), mineral white oils or oil, methyl esters of vegetable oil or fatty acids, or their mixture.
Préférentiellement, le produit mentionné ci-avant est un adjuvant. Par adjuvant, on entend un composé ou une préparation dépourvu(e) d'activité phytopharmaceutique, qui, associé(e) à un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone ou à un mélange de ces alcools, en améliore les qualités physiques, chimiques ou biologiques, en particulier leur activité fongicide et/ou algicide, tout en limitant les effets néfastes et les impacts sur les êtres humains, la faune et la flore. L'augmentation de l'activité fongicide et/ou algicide, peut par exemple résulter d'une meilleure vectorisation ou d'un meilleur ciblage de la partie à traiter et/ou d'une amélioration de la stabilité des fongicides et/ou algicides, par exemple, en les protégeant des ultraviolets.  Preferably, the product mentioned above is an adjuvant. By adjuvant is meant a compound or a preparation devoid of phytopharmaceutical activity, which, combined with an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms or a mixture of these alcohols, improves the physical and chemical qualities thereof. or biological, especially their fungicidal and / or algicidal activity, while limiting the harmful effects and impacts on humans, fauna and flora. The increase of the fungicidal and / or algicidal activity, may for example result from a better vectorization or a better targeting of the part to be treated and / or an improvement of the stability of the fungicides and / or algicides, for example, protecting them from ultraviolet light.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la composition comporte un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone et des esters méthyliques d'huile végétale, en particulier des esters méthyliques d'huile de colza.  According to a particular embodiment, the composition comprises an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and vegetable oil methyl esters, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters.
L'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone peut être linéaire ou ramifié. Comme alcool linéaire, on peut citer l'heptanol (ou l'heptan-1 -ol), l'octanol (également nommé octan-1-ol ou alcool caprylique) ou le nonanol (ou nonan-1 -ol ou alcool pélargonique). Comme alcool ramifié, on peut citer l'octan-2-ol, le 2-éthyl-hexanol, le 7-méthyl-octan- 1 -ol ou le 6-méthyl-pentan-1 -ol.  The alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms can be linear or branched. As linear alcohol, there may be mentioned heptanol (or heptan-1-ol), octanol (also called octan-1-ol or caprylic alcohol) or nonanol (or nonan-1 -ol or pelargonic alcohol) . As the branched alcohol, there may be mentioned octan-2-ol, 2-ethyl-hexanol, 7-methyl-octan-1-ol or 6-methyl-pentan-1-ol.
L'alcool peut être utilisé seul ou en mélange avec un ou plusieurs autres alcools ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbones.  The alcohol may be used alone or in admixture with one or more other alcohols having 7 to 9 carbon atoms.
Avantageusement, l'alcool peut être obtenu à partir de ressources renouvelables, telles qu'à partir de graisses animales ou d'huiles végétales.  Advantageously, the alcohol can be obtained from renewable resources, such as from animal fats or vegetable oils.
De préférence, l'alcool est l'octanol, l'octan-2-ol et/ou le 2-éthyl-hexanol, de préférence l'octanol.  Preferably, the alcohol is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethyl hexanol, preferably octanol.
Avantageusement, la composition selon l'invention comporte en outre une substance fongicide et/ou algicide.  Advantageously, the composition according to the invention further comprises a fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
De préférence, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide est adaptée au traitement d'une culture choisie parmi les cultures potagères, les cultures ornementales, les cultures tropicales, les cultures oléagineuses, les cultures fruitières et/ou les cultures céréalières, telles que décrites précédemment ou d'un végétal issu de ces cultures. En particulier, la composition selon l'invention est adaptée au traitement des cultures de pommes de terre, de tomates, de colzas, de sojas, de riz et/ou de cotons.  Preferably, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is suitable for the treatment of a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops, as previously described. or a plant derived from these crops. In particular, the composition according to the invention is suitable for the treatment of potato, tomato, rapeseed, soybean, rice and / or cottonseed crops.
Plus particulièrement, l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone ayant déjà une activité fongicide et/ou aigicide, la composition selon l'invention comporte alors deux fongicides et/ou algicides. More particularly, the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms having already a fungicidal and / or aicicidal activity, the composition according to the invention then comprises two fungicides and / or algicides.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, la composition selon l'invention peut avoir un spectre d'action élargi, en choisissant en particulier la substance fongicide et/ou aigicide parmi le groupe constitué par les phénylamides (code FRAC 4), les hétéroaromatiques (code FRAC 32), les acides carboxyliques (code FRAC 31 ), les méthyl-benzimidazole carba mates (code FRAC 1 ), les N-phényl carbamates (code FRAC 10), les benzamides et les thiazole carboxamides (code FRAC 22), les phenylurées (code FRAC 20), les benzamides (code FRAC 43), les pyridinamines et les pyrazole-MET1 (code FRAC 39), les inhibiteurs succinate dehydrogénase (SDHI) (code FRAC 7), les Qol (« Quinone outside inhibitors ») (codes FRAC 11 ), les Qil (« Quinone inside inhibitors ») (code FRAC 21 ), les dinitro-phenyl crotonates et 2,6- dinitro-anilines (code FRAC 29), les composés organiques à base d'étain (code FRAC 30), les thiophène-carboxamides (code FRAC 38), les Qxl (« quinone x inhibitors ») (code FRAC 45), les anilino-pyrimidines (code FRAC 9), l'antibiotique acide enopyranuronique (code FRAC 23), l'antibiotique hexopyranosyl (code FRAC 24), l'antibiotique glucopyranosyl : streptomycine (code FRAC 25), l'antibiotique tetracycline (code FRAC 41 ), les aza-naphtalènes (code FRAC 13), les phényl-pyrroles (code FRAC 12), les dicarboximides (code FRAC 2), les thiolates (code FRAC 6), les aromatiques hydrocarbonés et les hétéroaromatiques (code FRAC 14), les carbamates (code FRAC 28), les microbes (code FRAC 44), les terpènes extraits de plantes (code FRAC 46), les inhibiteurs de déméthylation (code FRAC 3), les aminés (code FRAC 5), les hydroxyanilides et les amino- pyrazolinones (code FRAC 17), les thiocarbamates et les allylamines (code FRAC 18), l'antibiotique glucopyranosyl : validamycine (code FRAC 26), les polyoxines (code FRAC 19), les amino acides carbamates (code FRAC 40), les inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des mélanines (code FRAC 16.1 et 16.2), les benzo-thiadiazole BHT, benzisothiazole, thiadiazole-carboxamide, polysaccharides et extraits de plantes (code FRAC P), les cya noacétam ide-oxi mes (code FRAC 27), les phosphonates (code FRAC 33), les acides phtalamiques (code FRAC 34), les benzotriazines (code FRAC 35), les benzène-sulfonamides (code FRAC 36), les pyridazinones (code FRAC 37), les thiocarbamates (code FRAC 42), les phényl-acétamides (code FRAC U6), les aryl-phényl-cétones (code FRAC U8), les guanidines (code FRAC U12), les thiazolidines (code FRAC U13), les pyrimidinone-hydrazones (code FRAC U14), les inorganiques (code FRAC M1 et M2), les dithiocarbamates et dérivés (code FRAC M3), les phtalimides (code FRAC M4), les chloronitriles (code FRAC M5), les sulfamides (code FRAC M6), les guanidines (code FRAC 7), les triazines (code FRAC M8), les quinones (code FRAC M9), les quinoxalines (code FRAC M10), les maléimides (code FRAC M11 ), les pipéridinyl- thiazole-isoxazolines (code FRAC U15), le 4-quinolyl-acétate (code FRAC U16), les huiles minérales, les huiles organiques, le bicarbonate de potassium, les composés d'origine biologique. According to a first embodiment, the composition according to the invention may have a broader spectrum of action, by choosing in particular the fungicidal and / or aicicidal substance from the group consisting of phenylamides (FRAC code 4), heteroaromatics (code FRAC 32), carboxylic acids (FRAC code 31), methyl-benzimidazole carbamates (FRAC code 1), N-phenyl carbamates (FRAC code 10), benzamides and thiazole carboxamides (FRAC code 22), phenylureas (FRAC code 20), benzamides (FRAC code 43), pyridinamines and pyrazole-MET1 (FRAC code 39), succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) (FRAC code 7), Qol ("quinone outside inhibitors") ( FRAC 11 codes), Qil ("Quinone inside inhibitors") (FRAC code 21), dinitro-phenyl crotonates and 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), tin-based organic compounds (FRAC code 30), thiophene carboxamides (FRAC code 38), Qx1 ("quinone x inhibitors") (F code RAC 45), the anilino-pyrimidines (FRAC code 9), the antibiotic acid enopyranuronic (FRAC code 23), the antibiotic hexopyranosyl (FRAC code 24), the antibiotic glucopyranosyl: streptomycin (FRAC code 25), the antibiotic tetracycline (FRAC code 41), aza-naphthalenes (FRAC code 13), phenyl-pyrroles (FRAC code 12), dicarboximides (FRAC code 2), thiolates (FRAC code 6), hydrocarbon aromatics and heteroaromatics ( FRAC code 14), carbamates (FRAC code 28), microbes (FRAC code 44), terpenes extracted from plants (FRAC code 46), demethylation inhibitors (FRAC code 3), amines (FRAC code 5), hydroxyanilides and aminopyrazolinones (FRAC code 17), thiocarbamates and allylamines (FRAC code 18), the antibiotic glucopyranosyl: validamycin (FRAC code 26), polyoxines (FRAC code 19), amino acid carbamates (code FRAC 40), inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis (FRAC code 16.1 and 16.2), benzo-thiadiaz ole BHT, benzisothiazole, thiadiazole carboxamide, polysaccharides and plant extracts (FRAC code P), cyanoacetam ideoxi compounds (FRAC code 27), phosphonates (FRAC code 33), phthalamic acids (FRAC code 34), benzotriazines (FRAC code 35), benzenesulfonamides (FRAC code 36), pyridazinones (FRAC code 37), thiocarbamates (FRAC code 42), phenyl acetamides (FRAC code U6), aryl phenyl ketones (FRAC code U8), guanidines (FRAC code U12), thiazolidines (FRAC code U13), pyrimidinone hydrazones (FRAC code U14), inorganics (FRAC code M1 and M2), dithiocarbamates and derivatives (FRAC M3 code), phthalimides (FRAC M4 code), chloronitriles (FRAC M5 code), sulfonamides (FRAC M6 code), guanidines (FRAC code 7), triazines (FRAC M8 code), quinones ( FRAC M9 code), quinoxalines (FRAC code M10), maleimides (FRAC code M11), piperidinylthiazole isoxazolines (FRAC code U15), 4-quinolyl acetate (FRAC code U16), mineral oils, organic oils, potassium bicarbonate, compounds of biological origin.
Plus particulièrement, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide peut être choisie parmi le groupe constitué par les phénylamides (code FRAC 4), les hétéroaromatiques (code FRAC 32), les acides carboxyliques (code FRAC 31 ), les méthyl-benzimidazole carbamates (code FRAC 1 ), les N-phényl carbamates (code FRAC 10), les benzamides et les thiazole carboxamides (code FRAC 22), les phénylurées (code FRAC 20), les benzamides (code FRAC 43), les pyridinamines et les pyrazole- MET1 (code FRAC 39), les inhibiteurs succinate dehydrogénase (SDHI) (code FRAC 7), les Qol (« Quinone outside inhibitors ») (codes FRAC 11 ), les Qil (« Quinone inside inhibitors ») (code FRAC 21 ), les dinitro-phényl crotonates et 2,6- dinitro-anilines (code FRAC 29), les composés organiques à base d'étain (code FRAC 30), les thiophène-carboxamides (code FRAC 38), les Qxl (« quinone x inhibitors ») (code FRAC 45), l'antibiotique acide enopyranuronique (code FRAC 23), l'antibiotique hexopyranosyl (code FRAC 24), l'antibiotique glucopyranosyl : streptomycine (code FRAC 25), l'antibiotique tetracycline (code FRAC 41 ), les aza-naphtalènes (code FRAC 13), les phényl-pyrroles (code FRAC 12), les dicarboximides (code FRAC 2), les thiolates (code FRAC 6), les aromatiques hydrocarbonés et les hétéroaromatiques (code FRAC14), les carbamates (code FRAC 28), les microbes (code FRAC 44), les terpènes extraits de plantes (code FRAC 46), les imidazoles, triazoles et triazolinthiones (code FRAC 3), les aminés (code FRAC 5), les hydroxyanilides et les amino-pyrazolinones (code FRAC 17), les thiocarbamates et les allylamines (code FRAC 18), l'antibiotique glucopyranosyl : validamycine (code FRAC 26), les amino acides carbamates (code FRAC 40), les inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des mélanines (code FRAC 16.1 et 16.2), les benzo-thiadiazole BHT, benzisothiazole, thiadiazole-carboxamide, polysaccharides et extraits de plantes (code FRAC P), les cyanoacétamide-oximes (code FRAC 27), les phosphonates (code FRAC 33), les acides phtalamiques (code FRAC 34), les benzotriazines (code FRAC 35), les benzène-sulfonamides (code FRAC 36), les pyridazinones (code FRAC 37), les thiocarbamates (code FRAC 42), les phényl-acétamides (code FRAC U6), les aryl-phényl-cétones (code FRAC U8), les guanidines (code FRAC U12), les thiazolidines (code FRAC U13), les pipéridinyl-thiazole- isoxazolines (code FRAC U15), le 4-quinolyl-acétate (code FRAC U16), les inorganiques (code FRAC M1 et M2), les dithiocarbamates et dérivés (code FRAC 3), les phtalimides (code FRAC M4), les chloronitriles (code FRAC M5), les sulfamides (code FRAC M6), les guanidines (code FRAC M7), les triazines (code FRAC M8), les quinones (code FRAC M9), les quinoxalines (code FRAC M10), les maléimides (code FRAC M11 ), les huiles minérales, les huiles organiques, le bicarbonate de potassium, les composés d'origine biologique. More particularly, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance may be chosen from the group consisting of phenylamides (FRAC code 4), heteroaromatics (FRAC code 32), carboxylic acids (FRAC code 31), methyl-benzimidazole carbamates (code FRAC 1), N-phenyl carbamates (FRAC code 10), benzamides and thiazole carboxamides (FRAC code 22), phenylureas (FRAC code 20), benzamides (FRAC code 43), pyridinamines and pyrazole-MET1 (FRAC 39 code), the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) (FRAC code 7), the Qol ("Quinone outside inhibitors") (FRAC codes 11), the Qil ("quinone inside inhibitors") (FRAC code 21), dinitro-phenyl crotonates and 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), tin-based organic compounds (FRAC code 30), thiophene-carboxamides (FRAC code 38), QxIs ("quinone x inhibitors") ) (FRAC code 45), the antibiotic enopyranuronic acid (code FRAC 23), the antibiotic hexopyranosyl (code FRAC 24), antibiotic glucopyranosyl: streptomycin (code FRAC 25), antibiotic tetracycline (FRAC code 41), aza-naphthalenes (FRAC code 13), phenyl-pyrroles (FRAC code 12), dicarboximides (code FRAC 2), thiolates (FRAC code 6), hydrocarbon aromatics and heteroaromatics (FRAC14 code), carbamates (FRAC code 28), microbes (FRAC code 44), terpenes extracted from plants (FRAC code 46), imidazoles, triazoles and triazolinthiones (FRAC code 3), amines (FRAC code 5), hydroxyanilides and amino-pyrazolinones (FRAC code 17), thiocarbamates and allylamines (FRAC code 18), the antibiotic glucopyranosyl: validamycin (FRAC 26 code), amino acid carbamates (FRAC code 40), inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis (FRAC code 16.1 and 16.2), benzothythiazole BHT, benzisothiazole, thiadiazole carboxamide, polysaccharides and plant extracts (code FRAC P), cyanoacetamide oximes (FRAC code 27), phosphons onates (FRAC code 33), phthalamic acids (FRAC code 34), benzotriazines (FRAC code 35), benzenesulfonamides (FRAC code 36), pyridazinones (FRAC code 37), thiocarbamates (FRAC code 42), phenylacetamides (FRAC code U6), aryl phenyl ketones (FRAC code U8), guanidines (FRAC code U12), thiazolidines (FRAC code U13), piperidinyl thiazole isoxazolines (FRAC code U15), 4-quinolyl -acetate (FRAC code U16), inorganics (FRAC code M1 and M2), dithiocarbamates and derivatives (FRAC code 3), phthalimides (FRAC code M4), chloronitriles (FRAC code M5), sulfonamides (FRAC code M6 ), guanidines (FRAC M7 code), triazines (FRAC M8 code), quinones (FRAC M9 code), quinoxalines (FRAC M10 code), maleimides (FRAC M11 code), mineral oils, organic oils, potassium bicarbonate, compounds of biological origin.
Selon un second mode de réalisation, la composition selon l'invention peut avoir une efficacité accrue contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, en choisissant la substance fongicide et/ou algicide parmi celles luttant également contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci. Ceci est d'autant plus vrai si les modes d'action de l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone et de la substance fongicide et/ou algicide sont différents. Les compositions fongicides et/ou algicides ainsi obtenues sont performantes tout en étant moins toxiques pour l'homme et l'environnement. La complémentarité ou l'effet synergique permet l'utilisation d'une quantité moindre de fongicides traditionnels, par exemple d'origine pétrochimique, pour un résultat similaire.  According to a second embodiment, the composition according to the invention can have an increased efficacy against an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, by choosing the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance among those also struggling against an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it. This is all the more true if the modes of action of the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms and the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance are different. The fungicidal and / or algicidal compositions thus obtained are effective while being less toxic to humans and the environment. The complementarity or the synergistic effect allows the use of a smaller amount of traditional fungicides, for example of petrochemical origin, for a similar result.
Plus particulièrement, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide est choisie de manière à agir contre un organisme choisi parmi Phytophtora et/ou Pythium, encore plus particulièrement Phytophtora infestans et/ou Pythium sp., et/ou contre une maladie causée par ceux-ci. On aboutit à une composition fongicide et/ou algicide destinée à une lutte sélective contre Phytophtora, Pythium et/ou contre une maladie causée par ceux-ci. Cette composition fongicide et/ou algicide présente de plus une efficacité particulière contre les souches résistantes de Pythium sp..  More particularly, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is chosen so as to act against an organism chosen from Phytophthora and / or Pythium, more particularly Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp., And / or against a disease caused by them. . This results in a fungicidal and / or algicidal composition for selective control against Phytophthora, Pythium and / or against a disease caused by them. This fungicidal and / or algicidal composition is also particularly effective against resistant strains of Pythium sp.
A titre d'exemple, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide est choisie parmi le groupe constitué par les amino acides carbamates (code FRAC 40), tels que Diméthomorphe, Valifenalate, Benthiavalicarbe, Mandipropamide ; les benzamides (code FRAC 22), tels que Zoxamide ; les benzamides (code FRAC 43), tels que Fluopicolide, Propinèbe ; la cyanoacetamideoxime (code FRAC 27), tel que Cymoxanil ; les phénylamides (code FRAC 4), tels que Benalaxyl, Mefenoxam ou Métalaxyl ; les Qol (« Quinone outside Inhibitors » (code FRAC 1 )), tels que Pyraclostrobine, Famoxadone et Fenamidone ; les 2,6-dinitro-anilines (code FRAC 29), tel que Fluazinam ; les Qil (« Quinone inside Inhibitor » (code FRAC 21 )), tel que Cyazofamid ; les carbamates (code FRAC 28), tel que Propamocarbe ; les dithiocarbamates et dérivés (code FRAC M3), tels que ancozèbe, Manèbe et étiram; les inorganiques (code FRAC M1 ), tels que l'hydroxyde de cuivre, le sulfate de cuivre, l'oxychlorure de cuivre, le sulfate de fer ; les chloronitriles (code FRAC M5), tel que Chlorothalonil ; les Qxl (« Quinone x inhibitors » (code FRAC 45)), tel que Amétoctradine ; les phtalimides (code FRAC M4), tel que Folpel ou Folpet ; les pipéridinyl-thiazole-isoxazolines tel que l'Oxathiapiproline (code FRAC U15); le Dazomet, le Metam-sodium et Gliocladium catenula. By way of example, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is chosen from the group constituted by the amino acid carbamates (FRAC code 40), such as Dimethomorph, Valifenalate, Benthiavalicarb, Mandipropamide; benzamides (FRAC code 22), such as Zoxamide; benzamides (FRAC code 43), such as Fluopicolide, Propineb; cyanoacetamideoxime (FRAC 27 code), such as Cymoxanil; phenylamides (FRAC code 4), such as Benalaxyl, Mefenoxam or Metalaxyl; Qol ("Quinone outside Inhibitors" (FRAC code 1)), such as Pyraclostrobin, Famoxadone and Fenamidone; 2,6-dinitroanilines (FRAC code 29), such as Fluazinam; Qil ("Quinone inside Inhibitor" (code FRAC 21)), as Cyazofamid; carbamates (FRAC code 28), such as Propamocarb; dithiocarbamates and derivatives (FRAC code M3), such as ancozeb, Manèbe and étiram; inorganics (FRAC code M1), such as copper hydroxide, copper sulphate, copper oxychloride, iron sulphate; chloronitriles (FRAC code M5), such as chlorothalonil; Qx1 ("Quinone x inhibitors" (FRAC code 45)), such as Ametoctradine; phthalimides (FRAC code M4), such as Folpel or Folpet; piperidinyl thiazole isoxazolines such as Oxathiapiprolin (FRAC code U15); Dazomet, Metam-sodium and Gliocladium catenula.
Plus particulièrement, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide peut être adaptée au traitement du sol, tels que le Propamocarbe, le Dazomet, Gliocladium catenula, Metam-sodium.  More particularly, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance can be adapted to soil treatment, such as Propamocarb, Dazomet, Gliocladium catenula, Metam-sodium.
Alternativement, la substance fongicide et/ou algicide peut être adaptée au traitement des parties aériennes des végétaux, tels que le Fluazinam, le Mancozèbe, le cuivre ou un de ses sels, le Cymonaxil, le Folpel, le Mandipropamide, le Diméthomorphe.  Alternatively, the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance can be adapted to the treatment of the aerial parts of plants, such as Fluazinam, Mancozeb, copper or a salt thereof, Cymonaxil, Folpel, Mandipropamide or Dimethomorph.
De préférence, la composition selon l'invention comporte comme substance fongicide et/ou algicide, le Fluazinam.  Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises, as fungicidal and / or algicidal substance, Fluazinam.
Préférentiellement, les compositions selon l'invention comportent comme alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, l'octanol et sont utilisées pour:  Preferably, the compositions according to the invention comprise, as alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, octanol and are used for:
- lutter contre Pythium sp. et en particulier contre les souches sensibles et/ou résistantes de Pythium sp.,  - fight against Pythium sp. and in particular against the sensitive and / or resistant strains of Pythium sp.,
- lutter contre Phytophtora infestans et/ou  - control Phytophthora infestans and / or
lutter contre la ou les maladie(s) causée(s) par ceux-ci, telles que le mildiou de la pomme de terre, la fonte des semis, par exemple la fonte des semis du maïs.  control of the disease (s) caused by them, such as potato late blight, damping-off, such as damping-off of maize.
Les compositions selon l'invention peuvent comporter en outre un solvant, un tensioactif et/ou un second adjuvant.  The compositions according to the invention may further comprise a solvent, a surfactant and / or a second adjuvant.
Par « solvant », on entend un liquide dans les conditions d'utilisation, qui a la propriété notamment de dissoudre ou de diluer d'autres substances sans provoquer de modification chimique de ces substances et sans lui-même se modifier.  By "solvent" is meant a liquid under the conditions of use, which has the property in particular to dissolve or dilute other substances without causing chemical modification of these substances and without itself change.
Tout type de solvant peut être utilisé, de préférence des solvants organiques, encore plus préférentiellement des solvants organiques d'origine renouvelable, tels que des solvants organiques d'origine végétale.  Any type of solvent may be used, preferably organic solvents, even more preferably organic solvents of renewable origin, such as organic solvents of vegetable origin.
Par tensioactif, également appelé agent de surface ou surfactant, on entend un composé qui modifie la tension superficielle entre deux surfaces. Préférentiellement, les tensioactifs sont ioniques et/ou non ioniques, acceptables en agriculture. Encore plus préférentiellement, les tensioactifs sont d'origine renouvelable, tels que les alkyl polyglucosides, les alkyl polypentosides et/ou les esters de sorbitan. By surfactant, also called surfactant or surfactant is meant a compound that modifies the surface tension between two surfaces. Preferentially, the surfactants are ionic and / or nonionic, acceptable in agriculture. Even more preferably, the surfactants are of renewable origin, such as alkyl polyglucosides, alkyl polypentosides and / or sorbitan esters.
Le solvant et/ou le tensioactif peu(ven)t être introduit s) dans la composition via le second adjuvant. En effet, un adjuvant peut comporter un solvant et/ou un tensioactif.  The solvent and / or the surfactant can be introduced into the composition via the second adjuvant. Indeed, an adjuvant may comprise a solvent and / or a surfactant.
A titre d'exemple, on peut citer comme adjuvant comportant un solvant, seul ou en combinaison avec d'autres composés : un adjuvant à base d'esters méthyliques de graisses animales ou d'huiles végétales tels que l'Actirob®B, le Radiamix® ou le Vegestar® (esters méthyliques d'huile de colza avec des tensioactifs commercialisés par Novance®), ou encore l'Adigor® commercialisé par Syngenta®, ou tel que le Radia® 7961 (esters méthyliques d'huile de colza) ou le Radia® 7064 (esters méthyliques d'huile de soja) commercialisés par Oleon®, un adjuvant à base d'esters de phosphate d'alcools gras polyoxyalkylés, d'esters méthyliques d'acides gras et d'acide oléique tel que le Dash® HC de BASF®, un adjuvant à base d'esters méthyliques et de guar, tel que AgRho StarGuar® 4 EU de Rhodia®, un adjuvant à base d'éthoxylate d'isodécyl alcool tel que le Trend® 90 commercialisé par DuPont®, un adjuvant à base d'alcools terpéniques te! que l'HeSiosol® commercialisé par Action Pin®, un adjuvant à base d'esters éthyliques d'huile de tournesol et de tensioactifs tel que le TRS2® commercialisé par SDP®, un adjuvant à base d'esters éthyliques d'huile de colza et de tensioactifs tel que le Hasten® commercialisé par Victorian Chemicals, un adjuvant à base d'huile minérale paraff inique tel que Banole® commercialisé par Total® et un adjuvant à base d'une émulsion d'huiles végétales tel que MexAgri® commercialisé par Mexel®.  By way of example, mention may be made, as an adjuvant comprising a solvent, alone or in combination with other compounds: an adjuvant based on methyl esters of animal fats or of vegetable oils such as Actirob®B, Radiamix® or Vegestar® (rapeseed oil methyl esters with surfactants marketed by Novance®), or Adigor® marketed by Syngenta®, or such as Radia® 7961 (rapeseed oil methyl esters) or Radia® 7064 (methyl esters of soybean oil) marketed by Oleon®, an adjuvant based on polyoxyalkylated fatty alcohol phosphate esters, fatty acid methyl esters and oleic acid such as Dash® HC from BASF®, an adjuvant based on methyl esters and guar, such as AgRho StarGuar® 4 EU from Rhodia®, an adjuvant based on isodecyl alcohol ethoxylate such as Trend® 90 marketed by DuPont ®, an adjuvant based on terpenic alcohols te! that HeSiosol® marketed by Action Pin®, an adjuvant based on ethyl esters of sunflower oil and surfactants such as TRS2® marketed by SDP®, an adjuvant based on rapeseed oil ethyl esters and surfactants such as Hasten® marketed by Victorian Chemicals, a paraffinic mineral oil-based adjuvant such as Banole® marketed by Total® and an adjuvant based on a vegetable oil emulsion such as MexAgri® sold by Mexel®.
A titre d'exemple, on peut citer comme adjuvant consistant en ou comportant un ou plusieurs tensioactif(s) : un adjuvant à base d'esters méthyliques de graisses animales ou d'huiles végétales et en particulier les esters méthyliques d'huiles de colza avec tensioactif(s) tels que l'Actirob®B, le Radiamix® ou le Vegestar® commercialisés par Novance®, le Mero® commercialisé par Bayer®, un adjuvant à base d'esters éthyliques d'huile de tournesol et de tensioactifs tel que le TRS2® commercialisé par SDP®, un adjuvant à base de lécithine de soja et d'acide propionique tel que le Li- 700® commercialisé par Agridyne®, un adjuvant à base de polymère d'amine grasse éthoxylée et de polysorbate 20 tel que le Surf 2000® commercialisé par Jouffray- Drillaud JD®, le polysorbate 20 tel que Tween® 20 commercialisé par Croda®, un adjuvant à base de triglycérides éthoxylés tel que Cantor ® de Vivagro, et un adjuvant à base d'esters de phosphate d'alcools gras polyoxyalkylés, d'esters méthyliques d'acides gras et d'acide oléique tel que le Dash® HC de BASF®. By way of example, mention may be made of an adjuvant consisting of or comprising one or more surfactants: an adjuvant based on methyl esters of animal fats or vegetable oils and in particular the methyl esters of rapeseed oils. with surfactant (s) such as Actirob®B, Radiamix® or Vegestar® marketed by Novance®, Mero® marketed by Bayer®, an adjuvant based on ethyl esters of sunflower oil and surfactants such as TRS2® marketed by SDP®, an adjuvant based on soy lecithin and propionic acid such as Li- 700® marketed by Agridyne®, an adjuvant based on ethoxylated fatty amine polymer and polysorbate 20 such as that Surf 2000® marketed by Jouffray-Drillaud JD®, polysorbate 20 such as Tween® 20 marketed by Croda®, an adjuvant based on ethoxylated triglycerides such as Cantor® from Vivagro, and an adjuvant based on polyoxyalkylated fatty alcohol phosphate esters, fatty acid methyl esters and oleic acid such as Dash® HC from BASF®.
Avantageusement, lorsque l'adjuvant est un adjuvant acceptable en agriculture, il peut comporter un ou plusieurs agents tels qu'un antimousse, un antigel, un épaississant, un agent mouillant, un rétenteur, un anti-rebond, un agent anti-dérive ou un stabilisant.  Advantageously, when the adjuvant is an agriculturally acceptable adjuvant, it may comprise one or more agents such as an antifoam, antifreeze, a thickener, a wetting agent, a retentor, an anti-rebound, an anti-drifting agent or a stabilizer.
La plupart de ces adjuvants sont particulièrement utiles lorsque la composition est destinée à être émulsionnée dans de l'eau puis pulvérisée.  Most of these adjuvants are particularly useful when the composition is to be emulsified in water and then sprayed.
Par agent mouillant, on vise un adjuvant qui abaisse la tension superficielle de l'eau permettant ainsi l'étalement de la gouttelette sur la cible en diminuant l'angle de contact.  A wetting agent is an adjuvant which lowers the surface tension of the water thus allowing the droplet to spread on the target by reducing the contact angle.
Par rétenteur, on vise un adjuvant favorisant le maintien des gouttelettes pulvérisées sur la cible au moment de l'impact.  By retainer, an adjuvant promoting the maintenance of droplets sprayed on the target at the moment of impact.
Par anti-rebond, on vise un adjuvant permettant une meilleure accroche des gouttelettes pulvérisées sur la zone à traiter au moment de l'impact.  By anti-rebound, an adjuvant aimed at a better grip of the sprayed droplets on the area to be treated at the moment of impact.
Par anti-dérive, on vise un adjuvant permettant de ne pas favoriser la création de gouttelettes trop fines (< 100 - 150 μ) de façon à obtenir une meilleure précision dans le ciblage du produit pulvérisé en réduisant au maximum les pertes dans l'environnement ou vers les cultures voisines.  By anti-drifting, an adjuvant aimed at not favoring the creation of droplets too fine (<100 - 150 μ) so as to obtain a better accuracy in the targeting of the sprayed product while minimizing losses in the environment or to neighboring cultures.
L'invention est également relative à une préparation comportant une composition selon l'invention et de l'eau, et à un procédé d'obtention de la préparation par émulsion, dispersion ou dilution d'une composition selon l'invention dans de l'eau.  The invention also relates to a preparation comprising a composition according to the invention and water, and to a process for obtaining the preparation by emulsion, dispersion or dilution of a composition according to the invention in the water.
En effet, une composition selon l'invention peut être formulée sous la forme d'un concentré à diluer dans, à disperser dans ou à émulsionner avec de l'eau pour obtenir une préparation, qui est alors prête à l'emploi, c'est-à-dire, adaptée à l'application sur un végétal.  Indeed, a composition according to the invention may be formulated in the form of a concentrate to be diluted in, dispersed in or emulsified with water to obtain a preparation, which is then ready for use, that is to say, adapted to the application on a plant.
Un concentré se présente généralement sous forme liquide (solution, émulsion ou suspension), sous forme de gel ou sous forme solide (telle qu'une poudre, des granulés, un film). Un concentré est préférentiellement émulsionnable ou dispersible dans de l'eau.  A concentrate is generally in liquid form (solution, emulsion or suspension), in gel form or in solid form (such as a powder, granules, a film). A concentrate is preferably emulsifiable or dispersible in water.
La préparation peut se présenter sous forme de solution, d'émulsion ou de suspension. Préférentiellement, la préparation est sous la forme d'une émulsion pour pulvérisation.  The preparation may be in the form of a solution, an emulsion or a suspension. Preferably, the preparation is in the form of a spray emulsion.
Une telle formulation permet une répartition des fongicides et/ou algicides de manière homogène sur la zone à traiter lors de l'application. Such a formulation allows a distribution of fungicides and / or algicides homogeneously on the area to be treated during the application.
Optionnellement, il est possible lors de l'obtention de la préparation d'ajouter un adjuvant extemporané.  Optionally, it is possible when obtaining the preparation to add an extemporaneous adjuvant.
La préparation selon l'invention est utilisable comme fongicide et/ou algicide, de manière préventive et/ou curative.  The preparation according to the invention is usable as a fungicide and / or algicide, in a preventive and / or curative manner.
En particulier, les compositions et les préparations selon l'invention sont utilisables pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, plus particulièrement, Pythium et/ou Phytophtora, préférentiellement, Phytophtora infestans et/ou Pythium sp..  In particular, the compositions and preparations according to the invention can be used to control an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, more particularly, Pythium and / or Phytophthora, preferentially Phytophthora infestans and / or or Pythium sp ..
L'invention divulgue également une composition fongicide et/ou algicide pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci comportant un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone. Plus particulièrement, la composition fongicide et/ou algicide est apte à lutter contre Pythium et/ou Phytophtora, préférentiellement Phytophtora infestans et/ou Pythium sp.. La composition fongicide et/ou algicide peut présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des compositions décrites ci-avant.  The invention also discloses a fungicidal and / or algicidal composition for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it comprising an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms. More particularly, the fungicidal and / or algicidal composition is capable of controlling Pythium and / or Phytophtora, preferably Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp. The fungicidal and / or algicidal composition may have one or more of the characteristics of the compositions described above. before.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la composition fongicide et/ou algicide pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, comporte une seule substance active qui consiste en l'octanol, l'octan-2-οί et/ou le 2-éthyl-hexanol, de préférence l'octanol.  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the fungicidal and / or algicidal composition for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it comprises a single active substance which consists of octanol. octan-2-οί and / or 2-ethylhexanol, preferably octanol.
L'invention concerne enfin des procédés de lutte contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci.  The invention also relates to methods of controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused thereby.
Selon un premier procédé, on met en contact un végétal devant être traité, avec une quantité efficace d'un fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention ou d'une composition ou préparation selon l'invention.  According to a first method, a plant to be treated is contacted with an effective amount of a fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention or a composition or preparation according to the invention.
Par quantité efficace, on entend une quantité nécessaire et suffisante pour lutter contre l'organisme et/ou la maladie causée par celui-ci. On parle également communément de dose.  Effective amount means an amount necessary and sufficient to control the organism and / or the disease caused by it. We also commonly speak of dose.
La quantité efficace d'une substance active peut varier en fonction de l'humidité et de la température. L'homme du métier sait déterminer par simple expérimentation la quantité nécessaire pour lutter contre l'organisme, tel qu'un champignon et/ou algue, ou contre la maladie causée par celui-ci.  The effective amount of an active substance may vary depending on the humidity and the temperature. The person skilled in the art knows how to determine by simple experimentation the quantity necessary to fight against the organism, such as a fungus and / or seaweed, or against the disease caused by it.
Selon un deuxième procédé, on met en contact le sol devant être traité, avec une quantité efficace d'un fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention ou d'une composition ou préparation selon l'invention. Par exemple, un traitement du sol peut comprendre l'incorporation du fongicide et/ou algicide selon l'invention, de la composition selon l'invention ou de la préparation selon l'invention, dans le terreau avant la réalisation du semis, du repiquage en pépinière ou du rempotage, ou alternativement après la mise en culture. According to a second method, the soil to be treated is brought into contact with an effective amount of a fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention or a composition or preparation according to the invention. For example, a soil treatment may comprise the incorporation of the fungicide and / or algicide according to the invention, of the composition according to the invention or of the preparation according to the invention, in the soil before the sowing, transplanting is carried out. in nursery or potting, or alternatively after cultivation.
Les procédés selon l'invention sont plus particulièrement adaptés pour traiter un végétal et/ou un sol destiné à recevoir des végétaux dans le cadre de cultures potagères, de cultures ornementales, de cultures tropicales, de cultures oléagineuses, de cultures fruitières et/ou de cultures céréalières telles que décrites ci-avant.  The processes according to the invention are more particularly suitable for treating a plant and / or a soil intended to receive plants in the context of vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oleaginous crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops as described above.
Les traitements peuvent être effectués à titre préventif et/ou curatif, de préférence par pulvérisation. La pulvérisation s'effectue sur les parties aériennes d'un végétal, tels que les feuilles, tiges, fruits, fleurs, épis, bourgeons bulbes et/ou sur le sol devant être traité, y compris les parties d'un végétal en contact avec le sol, tels que les collets, les racines, les tubercules, les graines. Par exemple, il peut s'agir d'un traitement préventif par pulvérisation du sol et/ou sur collet.  The treatments can be carried out as a preventive and / or curative, preferably by spraying. Spraying is carried out on the aerial parts of a plant, such as leaves, stems, fruits, flowers, ears, buds and / or on the soil to be treated, including parts of a plant in contact with the plant. soil, such as snares, roots, tubers, seeds. For example, it may be a preventive treatment by spraying the soil and / or collar.
En général, une dose allant de 0,2 à 10 L/ha d'un alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est appliquée.  In general, a dose of 0.2 to 10 L / ha of an alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is applied.
Préférentiellement, les traitements visent à lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, plus particulièrement, Pythium et/ou Phytophtora, préférentiellement, Phytophtora infestans et/ou Pythium sp.. Les maladies causées par Phytophtora infestans et/ou Pythium sont par exemple les fontes des semis, les pourritures racinaires, les pourritures des collets et/ou le mildiou.  Preferentially, the treatments are intended to combat an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, more particularly, Pythium and / or Phytophtora, preferably Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium sp .. Diseases caused by Phytophthora infestans and / or Pythium are for example seedling fonts, root rots, collar rots and / or mildew.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans les exemples qui suivent, donnés à titre illustratif, avec référence aux figures, qui représentent respectivement :  Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the examples which follow, given by way of illustration, with reference to the figures, which respectively represent:
- Sur la Figure 1 , un graphique illustrant les résultats d'efficacité de l'octanol en fonction de sa concentration sur une souche résistante de Pythium sp., In FIG. 1, a graph illustrating the efficiency results of octanol as a function of its concentration on a resistant strain of Pythium sp.,
- Sur la Figure 2, un graphique illustrant les résultats d'efficacité de l'octanol en fonction de sa concentration sur une souche de Phytophtora infestans.  - In Figure 2, a graph illustrating the octanol efficacy results as a function of its concentration on a strain of Phytophthora infestans.
Exemple 1 : Sensibilité./n /fro d'une souche résistante de Pythium sp. Example 1: Sensitivity / n / fro of a resistant strain of Pythium sp.
La souche a été isolée à partir de racines de chicorée. Elle est très résistante aux substances fongicides appartenant aux familles des phénylamides et Qol. 4 ml_ d'eau distillée stérile sont placés dans une boîte de Pétri. Des sporocystes sont ajoutés et suite à un choc de température, ces derniers libèrent les zoospores. Après 24 heures, les spores libérées dans l'eau, sont mises en suspension dans un milieu PDL, (« Pea Dextrose Liquid »), doublement concentré. La concentration des spores est ajustée à 500 spores/mL. The strain was isolated from chicory roots. It is very resistant to fungicidal substances belonging to the phenylamide and Qol families. 4 ml of sterile distilled water are placed in a petri dish. Sporocysts are added and following a temperature shock, they release the zoospores. After 24 hours, the spores released into the water are suspended in a PDL medium ("Pea Dextrose Liquid"), doubly concentrated. The spore concentration is adjusted to 500 spores / mL.
Dans des plaques de microtitration, 100 pL de la suspension de spores à 500 spores/mL sont ajoutés à 100 pL d'un mélange contenant de l'eau distillée, une quantité d'octanol variant selon la concentration souhaitée décrite ci-après et de l'éthanol absolu qui a une concentration constante finale de 0,5% (v/v). L'octanol est préalablement dilué dans l'éthanol absolu pour obtenir les différentes concentrations suivantes : 0,000512 - 0,00256 - 0,0128 - 0,064 - 0,32 - 1 ,6 et 8 pg/mL. In microtiter plates, 100 μl of the spore suspension at 500 spores / ml are added to 100 μl of a mixture containing distilled water, a quantity of octanol varying according to the desired concentration described below, and absolute ethanol which has a final constant concentration of 0.5% (v / v). The octanol is first diluted in absolute ethanol to obtain the following concentrations: 0.000512 - 0.00256 - 0.0128 - 0.064 - 0.32 - 1, 6 and 8 μg / mL.
Après 7 jours d'incubation dans l'obscurité à 20°C et sous une atmosphère saturée d'eau, la croissance des mycéliums est évaluée en mesurant la densité optique de chaque puits de la plaque microtitre à 590 nm à l'aide d'un lecteur de plaque. La sensibilité à l'octanol a été définie par la quantité de substance inhibant la croissance de 50%, ΙΈΟ50 (Concentration efficace de la substance active qui réduit de 50% la croissance du phytopathogène) déterminée à partir des données de densité optique en utilisant le logiciel Grafit 5.0 (Erythacus Ltd.). Les résultats sont présentés à la Figure 1. After incubation for 7 days in the dark at 20 ° C and under a saturated water atmosphere, growth of the mycelia is assessed by measuring the optical density of each well of the microtiter plate at 590 nm with the aid of a plate reader. The sensitivity to octanol was defined as the amount of 50% growth inhibiting substance, ΙΈΟ 50 (effective concentration of the active substance which reduces the growth of the plant pathogen by 50%) determined from the optical density data using Grafit 5.0 software (Erythacus Ltd.). The results are shown in Figure 1.
L'octanol est très efficace contre la souche résistante Pythium sp.. L'EC50 calculée pour l'octanol est équivalente à une concentration de 0,0013 pg de substance active/m L. Octanol is very effective against the resistant Pythium sp. Strain. The EC 50 calculated for octanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0013 pg of active substance / ml.
Exemple 2 : Sensibilité m vitro d'une souche de Phytophtora infestans Example 2: In vitro sensitivity of a strain of Phytophthora infestans
La souche a été isolée à partir de feuilles de pomme de terre. Elle est sensible à toutes les substances fongicides utilisées pour lutter contre le mildiou de la pomme de terre. The strain was isolated from potato leaves. It is sensitive to all fungicidal substances used to control potato late blight.
Le même protocole que celui décrit précédemment a été mis en œuvre avec des sporocystes de Phytophtora infestans, à l'exception de la concentration des spores qui a été ajustée à 2x104 spores/m L et la période d'incubation portée à 5 jours. Les résultats obtenus sont présentés dans le Tableau 1 ci-après ainsi qu'à la Figure 2. The same protocol as previously described was carried out with sporocysts of Phytophthora infestans, with the exception of the spore concentration which was adjusted to 2x10 4 spores / m L and the incubation period increased to 5 days. The results obtained are presented in Table 1 below as well as in FIG.
Tableau 1  Table 1
L'octanol est très efficace contre Phytophtora infestans. L'EC50 calculée pour I'octanoi est équivalente à une concentration de 0,0027 pg de substance active/mL. Octanol is very effective against Phytophthora infestans. The EC 50 calculated for the octanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0027 μg active substance / ml.
Exemple 3 : Sensibilité in vitro d'une souche de Phytophtora infestans Example 3: In Vitro Sensitivity of a Phytophthora Infestans Strain
La souche a été isolée à partir de feuilles de pomme de terre comme précédemment. The strain was isolated from potato leaves as before.
Le même protocole que celui décrit dans l'Exemple 1 a été mis en œuvre avec des sporocystes de Phytophtora infestans, à l'exception de la concentration des spores qui a été ajustée à 2x104 spores/mL et la période d'incubation portée à 5 jours. The same protocol as that described in Example 1 was carried out with sporocysts of Phytophthora infestans, with the exception of the spore concentration which was adjusted to 2 × 10 4 spores / ml and the incubation period brought to 5 days.
Du 2-éthyl-hexanol a été préalablement dilué dans l'éthanol absolu pour obtenir les différentes concentrations suivantes : 0,000512 - 0,00256 - 0,0128 - 0,064 - 0,32 - 1 ,6 et 8 pmg/L.  2-Ethyl hexanol was previously diluted in absolute ethanol to give the following different concentrations: 0.000512 - 0.00256 - 0.0128 - 0.064 - 0.32 - 1, 6 and 8 pmg / L.
Les résultats obtenus sont présentés dans le Tableau 2 ci-après The results obtained are shown in Table 2 below.
Le 2-éthyl-hexanol est efficace contre Phytophtora infestans. L'EC50 calculée pour le 2-éthyl-hexanol est équivalente à une concentration de 0,0068pg de substance active/m L. 2-Ethyl hexanol is effective against Phytophthora infestans. The EC 50 calculated for 2-ethyl hexanol is equivalent to a concentration of 0.0068 μg active substance / mL.
Exemple 4 : Sensibilité ,, mf &um souche ^ de m^MP ^îans - Traitement préventif Example 4: Susceptibility, mp &mt;
Préparations contenant la substance active : Preparations containing the active substance:
L'octanol a été mélangé à de l'eau distillée stérile et de l'Actirob B® commercialisé par Novance® (l'Actirob B est une émulsion dans l'eau à 842 g/L d'esters méthyliques d'huile de colza à 2L/ha) afin d'obtenir des compositions aux doses d octanol suivantes : 0 - 0,5 - 1 ,0 - 3,0 et 6,0 L/ha.  Octanol was mixed with sterile distilled water and Actirob B® marketed by Novance® (Actirob B is an emulsion in water at 842 g / l of rapeseed oil methyl esters at 2L / ha) to obtain compositions at the following octanol doses: 0 - 0.5 - 1, 0 - 3.0 and 6.0 L / ha.
Préparation des feuilles :  Preparation of the leaves:
De jeunes feuilles de pomme de terre ont été collectées et leur surface désinfectée. Des disques de 12 mm ont été découpés via un perce-bouchon sous un flux d'air laminaire. Chacun est randomisé et placé dans des boîtes de Pétri de façon à ce que la partie inférieure des feuilles soit en contact avec le papier filtre stérile humidifié avec 3 mL d'eau distillée.  Young potato leaves were collected and their surface disinfected. 12 mm discs were cut through a cork borer under a laminar airflow. Each is randomized and placed in petri dishes so that the bottom of the leaves are in contact with the sterile filter paper moistened with 3 mL of distilled water.
Traitement préventif des feuilles :  Preventive treatment of the leaves:
Les différentes formulations contenant la substance active ou de l'eau distillée, qui sert de contrôle, sont appliquées sur les feuilles en forme de disque par pulvérisation à l'aide d'un pistolet sous une pression de 2 bars. La quantité pulvérisée correspond à l'équivalent de 300L/ha, Pour chaque condition, 2 répétitions de 6 disques chacun sont effectuées. The different formulations containing the active substance or distilled water, which serves as a control, are applied to the disc-shaped sheets by spraying with the aid of a gun at a pressure of 2 bars. The amount sprayed corresponds to the equivalent of 300L / ha, For each condition, 2 repetitions of 6 disks each are carried out.
Préparation d'une suspension calibrée cte spores de Ph¥tophiora infeët : La souche a été isolée à partir de feuilles de pomme de terre.  Preparation of Phosphate Contaminated Spore Suspension: The strain was isolated from potato leaves.
Des boîtes de Pétri contenant un milieu V8 Juice - CaC03 - agar sont ensemencées avec une colonie de mycélium de la souche de Phytophtora infestans. Les boîtes de Pétri sont alors mises en incubation à 19°C dans l'obscurité pendant 2 à 3 semaines. Puis, 4 mL d'eau distillée stérile sont introduits dans chaque boite de Pétri et les spores sont délogées à l'aide d'une spatule et filtrées à travers du Myracloth stérile. La suspension est ajustée à 2x105 spores/m L dans de l'eau distillée stérile froide. Petri dishes containing V8 Juice - CaC0 3 - agar medium are seeded with a mycelium colony of the Phytophthora infestans strain. The Petri dishes are then incubated at 19 ° C in the dark for 2 to 3 weeks. Then, 4 ml of sterile distilled water are introduced into each Petri dish and the spores are dislodged with a spatula and filtered through sterile Myracloth. The suspension is adjusted to 2x10 5 spores / ml in sterile cold distilled water.
inoculation de Phytophto infestans sur des fe jies de pomme de terre :  Inoculation of Phytophto infestans on potato fijies:
Les disques de feuille de pomme de terre traités ou non, sont inoculés avec 20 [il de la suspension de spores de Phytophtora infestans précédemment préparée.  The potato leaf disks treated or untreated are inoculated with 20 μl of the previously prepared Phytophthora infestans spore suspension.
Les boites de Pétri sont ensuite placées dans un incubateur à 23°C, à un taux d'humidité relative de 100%, avec des alternances de périodes de 12 heures de lumière et 12 heures d'obscurité. Après 5 jours d'incubation, les surfaces de feuilles sont évaluées et l'inhibition des différentes concentrations est calculée de la manière suivante : % inhibition = (% surface de feuille malade non traitée - % surface feuille malade traitée / % surface feuille malade non traitée) x 100. Les résultats sont rassemblés dans le Tableau 3 ci-après. The Petri dishes are then placed in an incubator at 23 ° C, at a relative humidity of 100%, with alternating periods of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. After 5 days of incubation, the leaf surfaces are evaluated and the inhibition of the different concentrations is calculated as follows:% inhibition = (% surface area of untreated patient sheet -% surface area treated patient /% surface area sick not processed) x 100. The results are collated in Table 3 below.
Octanol + Actirob B® à 2L/ha | Octanol + Actirob B® at 2L / ha |
L Chaque valeur correspond à la moyenne de 12 observations par traitement.The Each value corresponds to the average of 12 observations per treatment.
On peut constater que l'octanol utilisé à des concentration de 3 et 6 l/ha réduit fortement l'intensité de l'infection des feuilles de pommes de terre causée par Phytophtora infestans inoculé après 5 jours d'incubation. It can be seen that octanol used at concentrations of 3 and 6 l / ha greatly reduces the potato leaf infection intensity caused by Phytophthora infestans inoculated after 5 days of incubation.
L'octanol a donc un effet préventif. L'octanol contrôle la prolifération des organismes Phytophtora infestans de la pomme de terre.  Octanol thus has a preventive effect. Octanol controls the proliferation of Phytophthora infestans organisms in the potato.
Exemple 5 : Sensibilité in planta d'urte souche de Phytophtora in festans - Traitement curatif (inoculation ...simultanée de Phytophtora infestans et du fongicide) Example 5: In planta sensitivity of urte strain of Phytophtora in festans - Curative treatment (simultaneous inoculation of Phytophthora infestans and the fungicide)
Préparations contenant la substance active : selon le même protocole que décrit dans l'exemple 4. Preparations containing the active substance: according to the same protocol as described in Example 4.
Préparation des feuilles : selon le même protocole que décrit dans l'exemple 4. Preparation of the leaves: according to the same protocol as described in Example 4.
Préparation d'une sugpeogïoft; ^ infestans : selon le même protocole que décrit dans l'exemple 4 sauf que la suspension est ajustée à 4x105 spores/m L dans de l'eau distillée stérile froide. Preparing a sugpeogïoft; Infestans: according to the same protocol as described in Example 4 except that the suspension is adjusted to 4x10 5 spores / ml in sterile cold distilled water.
Inoculation du traitement et du pathogène Phytophtora infestans : Inoculation of treatment and pathogen Phytophthora infestans:
0,5 mL de la suspension de spores est mélangé à 0,5 mL de chacune des préparations contenant la substance active ou à 0,5 mL d'eau distillée ou à 0,5 mL d'eau distillée en présence d'Actirob B® à 2 L/ha. Après inoculation, les boites de Pétri sont placées dans un incubateur à 23°C, à un taux d'humidité relative de 100%, avec des alternances de périodes de 12 heures de lumière et 12 heures d'obscurité. Après 5 et 7 jours d'incubation, chaque feuille est observée afin d'évaluer les surfaces de feuilles malades et calculer l'inhibition des différentes concentrations de la manière suivante : % inhibition = (% surface de feuille malade non traitée - % surface feuille malade traitée / % surface feuille malade non traitée) x100. Les résultats sont rassemblés dans le Tableau 4 ci-après. % inhibition 0.5 ml of the spore suspension is mixed with 0.5 ml of each of the preparations containing the active substance or 0.5 ml of distilled water or 0.5 ml of distilled water in the presence of Actirob B ® at 2 L / ha. After inoculation, the Petri dishes are placed in an incubator at 23 ° C, at a relative humidity of 100%, with alternating periods of 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness. After 5 and 7 days of incubation, each leaf is observed in order to evaluate the surfaces of diseased leaves and calculate the inhibition of the different concentrations as follows:% inhibition = (% area of untreated diseased leaf -% leaf area treated patient /% untreated sick leaf surface) x100. The results are collated in Table 4 below. % inhibition
Traitement Dose  Dose Treatment
après 5 jours après 7 jours d'incubation d'incubation  after 5 days after 7 days of incubation incubation
Témoin (pas de Witness (no
0 0  0 0
traitement) eau + Actirob B® à  treatment) water + Actirob B® to
- 0 0  - 0 0
2L/ha  2L / ha
0,5 L/ha 100 100 0.5 L / ha 100 100
1 ,0 LJha 100 100 1, 0 LJha 100 100
octanol + Actirob B® à  octanol + Actirob B® to
2L/ha  2L / ha
3,0 LJha 100 100  3.0 LJha 100 100
6,0 L/ha 100 100 6.0 L / ha 100 100
Tableau 4 Table 4
Chaque valeur correspond à une moyenne de 12 observations par traitement. Lorsque l'octanol est appliqué en même temps que Phytophtora infestans à la surface de feuilles de pomme de terre, cette substance inhibe totalement le développement de ce pathogène quel que soit le temps d'incubation (5 ou 7 jours) et la dose utilisée (0,5 - 1 - 3 - 6 LJha). Each value corresponds to an average of 12 observations per treatment. When octanol is applied at the same time as Phytophthora infestans to the surface of potato leaves, this substance completely inhibits the development of this pathogen whatever the incubation time (5 or 7 days) and the dose used ( 0.5 - 1 - 3 - 6 LJha).
L'octanol a donc un effet curatif, en tuant l'organisme Phytophtora infestans de la pomme de terre.  Octanol thus has a healing effect, killing the organism Phytophthora infestans of the potato.

Claims

REVE DREAM
Utilisation d'un alcool constitué d'une chaîne hydrocarbonée, linéaire ou ramifiée, ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, substituée par un unique groupement hydroxyle en tant que fongicide et/ou algicide pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci. Use of an alcohol consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, substituted by a single hydroxyl group as a fungicide and / or algicide to control an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it.
Utilisation selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle l'organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae est Pythium et/ou Phytophtora.  Use according to claim 1, wherein the organism of the Pythiaceae family is Pythium and / or Phytophthora.
Utilisation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, pour traiter une culture choisie parmi les cultures potagères, les cultures ornementales, les cultures tropicales, les cultures oléagineuses, les cultures fruitières et/ou les cultures céréalières ou un végétal issu de ces cultures.  Use according to claim 1 or 2, for treating a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops or a plant derived from these crops.
Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est l'octanol, l'octan-2-ol et/ou le 2-éthyl- hexanol.  Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol.
Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est utilisé en mélange avec une autre substance fongicide et/ou algicide.  Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is used in admixture with another fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
Composition comportant un alcool constitué d'une chaîne hydrocarbonée, linéaire ou ramifiée, ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone, substituée par un unique groupement hydroxyle et un produit choisi parmi le groupe constitué par la paraffine, l'huile minérale paraffinique, les polymères d'hydrocarbures, l'huile de colza, l'huile de colza estérifiée, en particulier les esters méthyliques d'huile de colza, les polymères d'amine gras, le diméthyl polysiloxane, les alcools terpéniques, les triglycérides éthoxylés, les résines, les alcools polyvinyliques, l'alpha oléine sulfonate, les esters sulfuriques, les alcools d'acides gras sulfonés, l'abiétate de diéthylèneglycol, les polysorbates, les polymères acryliques, les polymères acétate de vinyle - ester maléique, les liants cellulosiques, l'aluminosilicate de potassium, le cuivre du tallate de cuivre, les latex, en particulier synthétiques, le colorant bleu brillant (ou « acid blue »), l'huile de pin, le sulfate d'ammonium, les huiles minérales blanches ou de pétrole, la triéthanolamine, les esters méthyliques d'huile végétale ou d'acides gras, les esters de phosphate d'alcools gras polyoxyalkyles, les polymères complexes d'éthylène et de propylène, la lécithine de soja, l'oléate d'éthyle, Luminaria digitata ou leur mélange. A composition comprising an alcohol consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, having 7 to 9 carbon atoms, substituted with a single hydroxyl group and a product selected from the group consisting of paraffin, paraffinic mineral oil, polymers of d hydrocarbons, rapeseed oil, esterified rapeseed oil, in particular rapeseed oil methyl esters, fatty amine polymers, dimethyl polysiloxane, terpene alcohols, ethoxylated triglycerides, resins, polyvinyl alcohols, alpha olein sulfonate, sulfuric esters, sulfonated fatty acid alcohols, diethylene glycol abietate, polysorbates, acrylic polymers, vinyl acetate-maleic ester polymers, cellulosic binders, aluminosilicate of potassium, copper tallate copper, latex, especially synthetic, bright blue dye (or "acid blue"), pine oil, monium, white or petroleum mineral oils, triethanolamine, vegetable oil or fatty acid methyl esters, polyoxyalkyl fatty alcohol phosphate esters, ethylene and propylene complex polymers, soy lecithin , ethyl oleate, Luminaria digitata or their mixture.
7. Composition selon la revendication 6 comportant en outre une substance fongicide et/ou algicide. The composition of claim 6 further comprising a fungicidal and / or algicidal substance.
8. Composition selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle la substance fongicide et/ou algicide est adaptée au traitement d'une culture choisie parmi les cultures potagères, les cultures ornementales, les cultures tropicales, les cultures oléagineuses, les cultures fruitières et/ou les cultures céréalières, ou d'un végétal issu de ces cultures.  The composition of claim 7, wherein the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is suitable for the treatment of a crop selected from vegetable crops, ornamental crops, tropical crops, oilseed crops, fruit crops and / or cereal crops, or a plant grown from these crops.
9. Composition selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans laquelle la substance fongicide et/ou algicide lutte contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci.  9. A composition according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance fights against an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it.
10. Composition selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle la substance fongicide et/ou algicide est choisie parmi le groupe constitué par les amino acides carbamates, les benzamides, la cyanoacetamideoxime, les phenylamides, les Qol (« Quinone outside Inhibitors »), les 2,6-dinitro-anilines, les Qil (« Quinone inside Inhibitor »), les carbamates, les dithiocarbamates et dérivés, les fongicides inorganiques, les chloronitriles, les Qxl (« Quinone x inhibitors »), Ses phtalimides, les pipéridinyl- thiazole-isoxazolines, le Dazomet, le Metam-sodium et Gliocladium catenula. 10. A composition according to claim 9, wherein the fungicidal and / or algicidal substance is selected from the group consisting of amino acids carbamates, benzamides, cyanoacetamideoxime, phenylamides, Qol ("Quinone outside Inhibitors"), 2 , 6-dinitroanilines, Qil ("Quinone inside Inhibitor"), carbamates, dithiocarbamates and derivatives, inorganic fungicides, chloronitriles, Qxl ("Quinone x inhibitors"), phthalimides thereof, piperidinylthiazole- isoxazolines, Dazomet, Metam-sodium and Gliocladium catenula.
1 1 . Composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, dans laquelle l'alcool ayant 7 à 9 atomes de carbone est l'octanol, l'octan-2-ol et/ou le 2-éthyl- hexanol. 1 1. A composition according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the alcohol having 7 to 9 carbon atoms is octanol, octan-2-ol and / or 2-ethylhexanol.
12. Préparation comportant une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 1 et de l'eau.  12. Preparation comprising a composition according to any one of claims 6 to 1 1 and water.
13. Procédé d'obtention de la préparation selon la revendication 12, par émulsion, dispersion ou dilution d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 1 dans de l'eau.  13. Process for obtaining the preparation according to claim 12, by emulsification, dispersion or dilution of a composition according to any one of claims 6 to 1 1 in water.
14. Utilisation d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 1 ou de la préparation selon la revendication 12 comme fongicide et/ou algicide. 14. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 6 to 1 1 or the preparation according to claim 12 as a fungicide and / or algicide.
15. Utilisation selon la revendication 14, pour lutter contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci. 15. Use according to claim 14, for controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it.
16. Procédé de lutte contre un organisme de la famille des Pythiaceae et/ou une maladie causée par celui-ci, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en contact un végétal, ou le sol devant être traité, avec une quantité efficace d'un alcool tel que défini à la revendication 1 ou 4, ou d'une composition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 1 1 ou d'une préparation selon la revendication 12. 16. A method of controlling an organism of the family Pythiaceae and / or a disease caused by it, characterized in that a plant, or the soil to be treated, is brought into contact with an effective amount of a alcohol as defined in claim 1 or 4, or a composition according to any one of claims 6 to 11 or a preparation according to claim 12.
EP15759833.5A 2014-05-02 2015-04-30 Use of alcohol(s) as fungicide and/or algicide Withdrawn EP3136853A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1454027A FR3020557B1 (en) 2014-05-02 2014-05-02 USE OF ALCOHOL (S) AS A FUNGICIDE AND / OR ALGICIDE
PCT/FR2015/051167 WO2015166192A1 (en) 2014-05-02 2015-04-30 Use of alcohol(s) as fungicide and/or algicide

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EP (1) EP3136853A1 (en)
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US3778509A (en) * 1971-05-28 1973-12-11 Cotton Inc Control of fungi on cotton plants
US3743747A (en) * 1971-06-14 1973-07-03 Mobil Oil Corp Oxo-derivatives of limonene and dipentene used as fungicides
GB1480211A (en) 1973-07-06 1977-07-20 Ici Ltd Process for combating fungi
JPS6048903A (en) * 1983-08-29 1985-03-16 Kanesho Kk Soil germicide
DE19940283A1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2001-03-01 Joerg Peter Schuer plant protection
ES2357389B1 (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-09-26 Biofungitek, Sociedad Limitada FUNGICIDE AND BACTERICIDE COMPOSITION THAT INCLUDES VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF NATURAL ORIGIN.

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FR3020557B1 (en) 2017-10-13
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CA2946959A1 (en) 2015-11-05
WO2015166192A1 (en) 2015-11-05

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