EP3121825B1 - Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid - Google Patents

Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3121825B1
EP3121825B1 EP15177876.8A EP15177876A EP3121825B1 EP 3121825 B1 EP3121825 B1 EP 3121825B1 EP 15177876 A EP15177876 A EP 15177876A EP 3121825 B1 EP3121825 B1 EP 3121825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compensator
gas
take
container
opening
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EP15177876.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3121825A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas REISING
Oliver Rudolph
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Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP3121825A1 publication Critical patent/EP3121825A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a receiving device for receiving insulating liquid from a tank of a transformer or a throttle, comprising a receiving container which is designed as a hollow body and can be connected to a boiler opening of the boiler, so that insulating liquid between a boiler interior of the boiler and a Can flow inside the receiving container, and a compensator, which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and is arranged in the receiving container in a closed manner opposite the receiving container.
  • the EP 2 610 881 A1 relates to a device for pressure equalization in deep-sea transformers which are intended for use on the seabed.
  • the oil pressure inside the tank must be adapted to the water pressure on the seabed.
  • the device is used for pressure compensation, which is formed with two nested bellows. The bellows are firmly connected to one another.
  • the WO 2007/009961 A1 relates to a transformer with a hermetically sealed housing or a hermetically sealed tank which is filled with an insulating fluid.
  • the tank is connected to an expansion tank via a pipe in which a Buchholz relay is arranged.
  • a gas cushion is provided which is thermally decoupled from the expansion vessel.
  • a gas compression chamber is used for this purpose.
  • a flexible gas container is provided within the expansion vessel itself.
  • the WO 2007/009960 A1 describes an expansion tank for a tap changer.
  • CN 202373411 U such as CN 2 218 964 Y .
  • the housings of transformers and chokes are often filled with a special insulating liquid, for example insulating or transformer oil, which is used for electrical insulation and / or cooling of the windings of the transformers and chokes.
  • a special insulating liquid for example insulating or transformer oil
  • temperature changes during the operation of the transformers and chokes cause volume changes in the insulating liquid in the housing, which must be compensated for.
  • expansion vessels are often used which, in the event of an increase in volume of the insulating liquid, can take up a variable amount of liquid and release it again when the volume subsequently decreases.
  • expansion vessels are designed to accommodate a variable amount of liquid, in addition to the insulating liquid, to exchange air with the surroundings of the housing (to "breathe") so that the volume of air taken takes up the volume of the expansion vessel that is not filled by insulating liquid and ensures pressure equalization.
  • the air is stored in the expansion vessel, for example in a rubber bag, or separated from the insulating liquid by an elastic membrane in order to prevent oxygen and moisture from being transferred from the air to the insulating liquid and to accelerate aging and reduce the insulating properties of the insulating liquid and other insulating material such as insulating paper in the housing.
  • such expansion vessels do not completely (hermetically) close the housing from the ambient air, since a certain amount of oxygen and moisture in the air always enters through the skin of a rubber bag or through a membrane The insulating liquid passes over and gradually affects it.
  • a pressure relief valve is used for this purpose, which is opened in the event of excess pressure to allow gas and insulating liquid to escape from the housing, or the housing is connected to a decompression chamber by a flange provided with a rupture disc, so that the rupture disc bursts and the decompression chamber can hold gas and insulating liquid.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an improved receiving device for receiving insulating liquid from a tank of a transformer or a choke and an improved housing of a transformer or a choke.
  • the receiving device includes, inter alia, a compensator which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and which is arranged in the receiving container in a manner closed with respect to the receiving container.
  • solder is used here and in the following in general in the sense of a container filled with insulating liquid and thus also includes, for example, cable connection boxes and switch chambers filled with insulating liquid.
  • the arrangement of the compensator in the receiving container makes it possible to fill the receiving container with a variable amount of insulating liquid, the compensator taking up the volume of the receiving container that is not filled by insulating liquid.
  • the compensator has a similar function as a rubber bag of a conventional expansion tank. Compared to a rubber bag, however, the compensator has the advantage that it allows the insulating liquid to be hermetically separated from the ambient air, so that the insulating liquid is not impaired by oxygen and moisture from the ambient air.
  • the receptacle can have a relatively large cross-sectional area and can therefore be connected to the interior of the boiler via a correspondingly large boiler opening, while a conventional expansion vessel is connected to the interior of the boiler by a tube with a comparatively small cross-sectional area.
  • the large cross-sectional area and large vessel opening enable rapid reaction to and compensation of changes in volume of the insulating liquid. As a result, sudden changes in volume of the insulating liquid caused by arcing in the interior of the tank and the resulting pressure increases can occur can be compensated faster and more effectively than with conventional expansion vessels.
  • the compensator Due to the arrangement of the compensator in the receptacle, the compensator is also protected from an external environment by the receptacle and is guided through the wall of the receptacle during transport. Since the compensator is compressed when the pressure increases in the boiler, there is also no risk of the compensator being overstretched by an increase in pressure. Furthermore, the compensator can dissipate heat from the insulating liquid through contact with the insulating liquid and thus contribute to cooling the insulating liquid.
  • the compensator can also be used as a storage container for storing replacement and reserve components of the receiving device and / or the transformer or the choke. Connections for pipelines from cable connection boxes filled with insulating fluid can advantageously be attached to the receiving container.
  • the invention further provides that a compensator base of the compensator has a Buchholz relay interior connection with a base opening in the compensator base, a Buchholz relay being connected to the Buchholz relay interior connection in the compensator interior of the compensator as part of the receiving device.
  • An underside of the compensator base preferably has a gas collecting collar for collecting gas.
  • Such a Buchholz relay internal connection makes it possible to arrange a Buchholz relay in the compensator. This advantageously saves the overall height of the receiving device compared to an arrangement of a Buchholz relay on an upper side of the receiving device.
  • the gas catch collar enables gas from the boiler to collect under the compensator base and to be fed to the Buchholz relay.
  • One embodiment of the invention provides that the compensator has a bellows to form the variable compensator volume.
  • variable compensator volume of the compensator that can be adapted to a quantity of insulating liquid to be absorbed can advantageously be realized in a simple manner.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the compensator has an overpressure valve, by means of which insulating liquid and / or gas can be conducted into a compensator interior of the compensator when the compensator is arranged in the receiving container and a pressure in the receiving container exceeds a pressure threshold value.
  • the compensator can also have a rupture disk which is designed to burst when a pressure in the receiving container exceeds a pressure threshold value.
  • the compensator also acts as a protective device against overpressure in the boiler.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides a first gas opening through which gas can flow between a compensator interior of the compensator and the surroundings of the receiving device when the compensator is arranged in the receiving container.
  • the receiving device also has a first cover, which is designed to close the compensator and has the first gas opening.
  • the compensator can "breathe” through such a first gas opening, so that no overpressure or underpressure arises in its interior that would cause a change in the Compensator volume counteracts.
  • a cover for closing the compensator can protect the interior of the compensator against contamination and environmental influences.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the first cover, which is designed to close the compensator, is releasably fastened to the closing flange of the receptacle by means of a compensator flange, so that it is secured by a second cover, which is used for closing of the receiving container is formed and which has a second gas opening at which a gas container with a variable gas container volume is arranged, can be replaced, so that then the gas container is arranged in the receiving container and a gas flows between the gas container volume and the surroundings of the receiving container.
  • a gas dehumidifier connection for a gas dehumidifier is preferably arranged at the second gas opening, or the second gas opening is closed with a semipermeable membrane which is permeable to gas but not to liquid.
  • the gas container is preferably designed as a rubber bag.
  • the receiving device preferably has a second cover which is designed to close the receiving container and which has the second gas opening.
  • a restoration of the functionality of the receiving device by repairing or replacing the compensator and thus restarting the transformer or the reactor may also be necessary is associated with a high expenditure of time and / or costs.
  • the aforementioned embodiments of the invention provide that a gas container with a variable gas container volume can be arranged in the receiving container at a second gas opening. This enables the receptacle to be operated like a conventional expansion tank in the event of the compensator becoming inoperable, the gas container taking over the function of the compensator.
  • the compensator does not need to be repaired or replaced at all in such cases if a permanent continuation of the operation of the transformer or the choke with the gas container instead of the compensator is acceptable.
  • the design of the gas container as a rubber bag is a simple and proven one Design of the gas container to accommodate a variable gas volume.
  • a gas dehumidifier can advantageously be connected through a gas dehumidifier connection to the second gas opening in order to dehumidify gas entering the gas container, so that less moisture from the gas contained in the gas container passes into the insulating liquid.
  • a cover which is designed to close the receptacle and has the second gas opening, enables the receptacle device to be easily converted for its operation as a conventional expansion vessel.
  • the aforementioned configurations of the invention can also be designed such that the first cover and the second cover are identical.
  • first gas opening and the second gas opening can also be identical.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides that the second cover has a Buchholz relay external connection with a Buchholz relay connected on the second cover to the interior of the receptacle.
  • a housing according to the invention for a transformer or a choke comprises a tank with a tank opening and a receiving device according to the invention for receiving insulating liquid from the boiler with the advantages mentioned above.
  • the Figures 1 to 3 show a housing 1 of a transformer or a choke.
  • the housing 1 comprises a tank 3 and a receiving device 5 for receiving insulating liquid from the tank 3.
  • the receiving device 5 comprises a compensator 7 and a receiving container 9 and is designed to be operated optionally in one of two different operating modes.
  • a first operating mode is referred to as compensator operation and the second operating mode is referred to as expansion vessel operation.
  • the Figures 1 and 2 show the receiving device 5 in the compensator mode.
  • Figure 3 shows the receiving device 5 in the expansion vessel mode. It shows Figure 1 a schematic side view of the housing 1 and Figures 2 and 3 show each a sectional view of the housing 1, wherein in the Figures 2 and 3 only a section of a boiler cover 11 of the boiler 3 in the area of a boiler opening 13 in the boiler cover 11 is shown.
  • the compensator 7 comprises a compensator base 15, a compensator flange 17 and a bellows 19 which connects the compensator base 15 and the compensator flange 17 to one another.
  • the compensator base 15 is plate-like.
  • the compensator flange 17 is annular.
  • the bellows 19 makes it possible to change the compensator volume like an accordion.
  • the bellows 19 is made of a metallic material or a rubber, for example.
  • the compensator base 15 optionally has a Buchholz relay interior connection 21 with a base opening 23 in the compensator base 15 for the connection of a Buchholz relay 25 arranged in a compensator interior of the compensator 7.
  • An underside of the compensator base 15 optionally has a gas collecting collar 27 for collecting gas.
  • an overpressure valve 29 is optionally arranged on the compensator base 15, by means of which a fluid surrounding the compensator 7 can be conducted into the compensator interior if a pressure in the fluid exceeds a pressure threshold value.
  • the receptacle 9 is designed essentially as a hollow cylinder and made of a metallic material in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the receptacle 9 is fastened to the kettle cover 11 so that it closes the kettle opening 13, so that insulating liquid can flow through the kettle opening 13 between a kettle interior of the kettle 3 and an interior of the receptacle 9.
  • the receptacle 9 has an annular fastening flange 31 which is detachably connected to the boiler cover 11, for example by screw connections.
  • the receptacle 9 can also be firmly attached to the boiler cover 11, for example by a welded connection.
  • An end of the receptacle 9 facing away from the boiler cover 11 is formed by an annular closure flange 33.
  • the receptacle 9 optionally has at least one pipe connection 35 for cable connection boxes.
  • areas of an inner surface of the receptacle 9 in the vicinity of the boiler opening 13 are optionally connected to one another by stiffening elements 37.
  • a rigid connection for example a pipeline
  • a flexible connection for example a connecting hose
  • the compensator 7 is arranged in the receptacle 9.
  • the compensator flange 17 of the compensator 7 is detachably fastened to the closure flange 33 of the receptacle 9, for example by screw connections, so that a surface of the compensator flange 17 facing the compensator base 15 rests against the closure flange 33 and the compensator base 15 faces the boiler opening 13.
  • the compensator 7 is closed by a first cover 39, which is designed as a blind flange and rests with an edge area on a surface of the compensator flange 17 facing away from the compensator base 15.
  • the first cover 39 has a first gas opening 41 through which gas can flow between the compensator interior of the compensator 7 and the surroundings of the receiving device 5.
  • a filter unit 43 is arranged on the first cover 39 above the first gas opening 41 and counteracts the penetration of undesired substances such as dirt particles and / or water into the interior of the compensator.
  • the compensator 7 is hermetically sealed with respect to the receptacle 9 as long as the pressure in the insulating liquid does not exceed the pressure threshold value for which the pressure relief valve 29 is designed.
  • insulating fluid can only flow from the boiler 3 into a receiving area of the interior of the receiving container 9 surrounding the compensator 7, but not into the compensator 7.
  • the compensator 7 has a variable compensator volume through the bellows 19, the volume of the receiving area adapts to the quantity the insulating liquid to be absorbed by the receptacle 9, in that the bellows 19 is folded up all the more when the volume of the insulating liquid increases, the more insulating liquid flows into the receptacle 9 and is unfolded again accordingly when the volume of the insulating liquid decreases.
  • the first gas opening 41 advantageously allows the compensator 7 to "breathe", i. H. discharging gas from the compensator 7 when the compensator volume decreases and introducing gas into the compensator 7 when the compensator volume increases.
  • the pressure relief valve 29 advantageously allows insulating liquid and / or gas to be passed into the compensator 7 when the pressure in the insulating liquid exceeds the pressure threshold value.
  • the Buchholz relay inner connection 21 enables a Buchholz relay 25 to be arranged in the compensator 7. This advantageously saves the overall height of the receiving device 5 compared to an alternative (also possible) arrangement of a Buchholz relay 25 on an upper side of the receiving device 5, for example on the first cover 41 or the compensator flange 17.
  • the gas catch collar 27 enables gas from the boiler 3 to collect under the compensator base 15 and to be fed to the Buchholz relay 25.
  • the receiving device 5 is operated without the compensator 7.
  • the receptacle 9 is closed by a second cover 45, which is designed as a blind flange and rests with an edge region on the closure flange 33 of the receptacle 9.
  • the second cover 45 has a second gas opening 46.
  • a gas container 49 designed as a rubber bag with a variable gas container volume is arranged by means of a gas container flange 47, so that through the second gas opening 46 gas is between the gas container volume and the surroundings of the receptacle can flow.
  • a gas dehumidifier connection 51 for a gas dehumidifier (not shown) for dehumidifying gas that flows through the second gas opening 46 into the gas container 49 is arranged above the second gas opening 46 on a surface of the second cover 45 facing away from the receiving container 9.
  • the second cover 45 has a Buchholz relay external connection 53 for the connection of a Buchholz relay 25 on the second cover 45 to the interior of the receptacle 9.
  • the first cover 39 and the second cover 45 are identical.
  • the first gas opening 41 and the second gas opening 46 can also be identical, the gas container 49 being arranged at the gas opening 41, 46 only in the expansion vessel mode.
  • the gas dehumidifier connection 51 can also be designed to connect the filter unit 43 in the compensator mode and a gas dehumidifier in the expansion vessel mode.
  • the recording device 5 is normally operated in the compensator mode.
  • the expansion tank operation is primarily intended for problem cases in which the functionality of the compensator 7 is impaired, for example because the compensator 7 is damaged.
  • the first cover 39 is first removed from the compensator 7.
  • the compensator 7 is then detached from the receptacle 9 and removed.
  • the receptacle 9 is closed by means of the second lid 46 provided with the gas container 49, a gas dehumidifier is connected to the gas dehumidifier connection 51 and a Buchholz relay 25 is connected to the Buchholz relay external connection.
  • the receptacle 9 acts like a conventional expansion vessel, the gas container 49 "breathing" through the second gas opening 46.
  • the interior of the compensator can be used in compensator operation as storage space for storing replacement and reserve components such as insulating elements, a replacement rubber bag, a replacement Buchholz relay and / or overpressure protection valves.
  • a receiving device 5 can contain several receiving containers 9 in the Figures 2 and 3 each have a compensator 7 shown type.
  • the bellows 19 of the compensators 7 can have different degrees of hardness.
  • the degree of hardness of a bellows 19 is understood to mean a resistance which the bellows 19 opposes to its change in length.
  • At least one first compensator 7 has a bellows 19 with a first degree of hardness and at least one second compensator 7 has a bellows 9 with a second degree of hardness that is greater than the first degree of hardness.
  • a suitable choice of the degree of hardness and design of the compensators 7 can be achieved in that primarily thermally caused volume changes in the insulating liquid are compensated with the first compensators 7, which occur in normal operation of the transformer or the choke, while the second compensators 7 primarily compensate sudden changes in volume of the insulating liquid caused by arcing in the tank 3 caused.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Isolierflüssigkeit aus einem Kessel eines Transformators oder einer Drossel, umfassend einen Aufnahmebehälter, der als ein Hohlkörper ausgebildet ist und mit einer Kesselöffnung des Kessels verbindbar ist, so dass durch die Kesselöffnung Isolierflüssigkeit zwischen einem Kesselinneren des Kessels und einem Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters strömen kann, und einen Kompensator, der als ein Hohlkörper mit einem veränderbaren Kompensatorvolumen ausgebildet ist und gegenüber dem Aufnahmebehälter verschlossen in dem Aufnahmebehälter angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a receiving device for receiving insulating liquid from a tank of a transformer or a throttle, comprising a receiving container which is designed as a hollow body and can be connected to a boiler opening of the boiler, so that insulating liquid between a boiler interior of the boiler and a Can flow inside the receiving container, and a compensator, which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and is arranged in the receiving container in a closed manner opposite the receiving container.

Die EP 2 610 881 A1 betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Druckausgleich bei Tiefseetransformatoren, die für den Einsatz am Meeresboden vorgesehen sind. Hier ist, um Beschädigungen des Transformatortanks zu vermeiden, der Ödruck im Inneren des Tanks an den Wasserdruck am Meeresboden anzupassen. Hierzu dient die besagte Vorrichtung zum Druckausgleich, die mit zwei ineinander verschachtelten Faltenbälge ausgebildet ist. Die Faltenbälge sind fest miteinander verbunden.The EP 2 610 881 A1 relates to a device for pressure equalization in deep-sea transformers which are intended for use on the seabed. In order to avoid damage to the transformer tank, the oil pressure inside the tank must be adapted to the water pressure on the seabed. For this purpose, the device is used for pressure compensation, which is formed with two nested bellows. The bellows are firmly connected to one another.

Die WO 2007/009961 A1 betrifft einen Transformator mit einem hermetisch abgeschlossenen Gehäuse oder einem hermetisch abgeschlossenen Tank, der mit einem Isolierfluid befüllt ist. Der Tank ist mit einem Ausdehnungsgefäß über eine Rohrleitung verbunden, in dem ein Buchholzrelais angeordnet ist. Wie alle hermetisch abgeschlossenen Transformatoren ist ein Gaspolster vorgesehen, das von dem Ausdehnungsgefäß thermisch entkoppelt ist. Hierzu dient eine Gaskompressionskammer. Innerhalb des Ausdehnungsgefäßes selbst ist ein flexibler Gasbehälter vorgesehen.The WO 2007/009961 A1 relates to a transformer with a hermetically sealed housing or a hermetically sealed tank which is filled with an insulating fluid. The tank is connected to an expansion tank via a pipe in which a Buchholz relay is arranged. Like all hermetically sealed transformers, a gas cushion is provided which is thermally decoupled from the expansion vessel. A gas compression chamber is used for this purpose. A flexible gas container is provided within the expansion vessel itself.

Die WO 2007/009960 A1 beschreibt ein Ausdehnungsgefäß für einen Stufenschalter.The WO 2007/009960 A1 describes an expansion tank for a tap changer.

Weitere relevante Dokumente des Standes der Technik sind CN 202373411 U sowie CN 2 218 964 Y .Other relevant prior art documents are CN 202373411 U such as CN 2 218 964 Y .

Die Gehäuse von Transformatoren und Drosseln werden häufig mit einer speziellen Isolierflüssigkeit, beispielsweise Isolier- bzw. Transformatorenöl, befüllt, das der elektrischen Isolation und/oder Kühlung der Wicklungen der Transformatoren und Drosseln dient. Insbesondere Temperaturänderungen beim Betrieb der Transformatoren und Drosseln verursachen Volumenänderungen der Isolierflüssigkeit im Gehäuse, die kompensiert werden müssen. Zur Kompensation derartiger Volumenänderungen werden häufig Ausdehnungsgefäße verwendet, die im Falle einer Volumenzunahme der Isolierflüssigkeit eine variable Flüssigkeitsmenge aufnehmen und bei anschließender Volumenabnahme wieder abgeben können.The housings of transformers and chokes are often filled with a special insulating liquid, for example insulating or transformer oil, which is used for electrical insulation and / or cooling of the windings of the transformers and chokes. In particular, temperature changes during the operation of the transformers and chokes cause volume changes in the insulating liquid in the housing, which must be compensated for. To compensate for such changes in volume, expansion vessels are often used which, in the event of an increase in volume of the insulating liquid, can take up a variable amount of liquid and release it again when the volume subsequently decreases.

Bekannte Ausdehnungsgefäße sind zur Aufnahme einer variablen Flüssigkeitsmenge dazu ausgebildet, außer der Isolierflüssigkeit Luft mit einer Umgebung des Gehäuses auszutauschen (zu "atmen"), so dass das aufgenommene Luftvolumen das nicht von Isolierflüssigkeit ausgefüllte Volumen des Ausdehnungsgefäßes einnimmt und für einen Druckausgleich sorgt. Die Luft wird in dem Ausdehnungsgefäß beispielsweise in einem Gummisack gespeichert oder durch eine elastische Membran von der Isolierflüssigkeit getrennt, um zu verhindern, dass Sauerstoff und Feuchtigkeit aus der Luft in die Isolierflüssigkeit übergehen und zu einer schnelleren Alterung und Minderung der Isolierfähigkeit der Isolierflüssigkeit und weiteren Isoliermaterials wie Isolierpapier in dem Gehäuse führen. Jedoch verschließen derartige Ausdehnungsgefäße das Gehäuse nicht vollständig (hermetisch) gegenüber der Umgebungsluft, da durch die Haut eines Gummisacks bzw. durch eine Membran immer eine gewisse Menge Sauerstoff und Feuchtigkeit der Luft in die Isolierflüssigkeit übergeht und diese allmählich beeinträchtigt.Known expansion vessels are designed to accommodate a variable amount of liquid, in addition to the insulating liquid, to exchange air with the surroundings of the housing (to "breathe") so that the volume of air taken takes up the volume of the expansion vessel that is not filled by insulating liquid and ensures pressure equalization. The air is stored in the expansion vessel, for example in a rubber bag, or separated from the insulating liquid by an elastic membrane in order to prevent oxygen and moisture from being transferred from the air to the insulating liquid and to accelerate aging and reduce the insulating properties of the insulating liquid and other insulating material such as insulating paper in the housing. However, such expansion vessels do not completely (hermetically) close the housing from the ambient air, since a certain amount of oxygen and moisture in the air always enters through the skin of a rubber bag or through a membrane The insulating liquid passes over and gradually affects it.

Durch Beeinträchtigungen der Isolierung kann es in seltenen Fällen zur Entstehung eines Lichtbogens im Inneren des flüssigkeitsgefüllten Gehäuses kommen. Durch die dabei entstehende extreme Hitze verdampft Isolierflüssigkeit im Bereich des Lichtbogens schlagartig. Die daraus resultierende starke Volumenvergrößerung bewirkt einen plötzlichen Druckanstieg im Gehäuseinneren. Eine mögliche Folge dieses Druckanstiegs ist das Bersten des Gehäuses, das im ungünstigsten Fall einen Brand zur Folge hat. Um die aus dem hohen Druck resultierenden Belastungen zu beherrschen, sind konstruktive Maßnahmen und ein erhöhter Materialeinsatz von Nöten. Beispielsweise wird dazu ein Druckentlastungsventil eingesetzt, das bei Überdruck geöffnet wird, um den Austritt von Gas und Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem Gehäuse zu ermöglichen, oder das Gehäuse wird durch einen mit einer Berstscheibe versehenen Flansch mit einer Dekompressionskammer verbunden, so dass die Berstscheibe bei Überdruck platzt und die Dekompressionskammer Gas und Isolierflüssigkeit aufnehmen kann.In rare cases, impairment of the insulation can cause an electric arc to develop inside the liquid-filled housing. The resulting extreme heat causes the insulating liquid to evaporate suddenly in the area of the arc. The resulting strong increase in volume causes a sudden increase in pressure inside the housing. A possible consequence of this pressure increase is the bursting of the housing, which in the worst case could result in a fire. In order to master the loads resulting from the high pressure, constructive measures and an increased use of materials are necessary. For example, a pressure relief valve is used for this purpose, which is opened in the event of excess pressure to allow gas and insulating liquid to escape from the housing, or the housing is connected to a decompression chamber by a flange provided with a rupture disc, so that the rupture disc bursts and the decompression chamber can hold gas and insulating liquid.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Isolierflüssigkeit aus einem Kessel eines Transformators oder einer Drossel sowie ein verbessertes Gehäuse eines Transformators oder einer Drossel anzugeben.The invention is based on the object of specifying an improved receiving device for receiving insulating liquid from a tank of a transformer or a choke and an improved housing of a transformer or a choke.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß hinsichtlich der Aufnahmevorrichtung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und hinsichtlich des Gehäuses durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 13 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The object is achieved according to the invention with regard to the receiving device by the features of claim 1 and with regard to the housing by the features of claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Aufnahmevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 zur Aufnahme von Isolierflüssigkeit aus einem Kessel eines Transformators oder einer Drossel umfasst unter anderem einen Aufnahmebehälter, der als ein Hohlkörper ausgebildet ist und mit einer Kesselöffnung des Kessels verbindbar ist, so dass durch die Kesselöffnung Isolierflüssigkeit zwischen einem Kesselinneren des Kessels und einem Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters strömen kann. Ferner umfasst die Aufnahmevorrichtung unter anderem einen Kompensator, der als ein Hohlkörper mit einem veränderbaren Kompensatorvolumen ausgebildet ist und gegenüber dem Aufnahmebehälter verschlossen in dem Aufnahmebehälter angeordnet ist.A receiving device according to the invention according to claim 1 for receiving insulating liquid from a tank of a transformer or a choke comprises, inter alia, a receiving container that acts as a Hollow body is formed and can be connected to a boiler opening of the boiler, so that insulating liquid can flow through the boiler opening between a boiler interior of the boiler and an interior of the receptacle. Furthermore, the receiving device includes, inter alia, a compensator which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and which is arranged in the receiving container in a manner closed with respect to the receiving container.

Der Begriff "Kessel" wird hier und im Folgenden allgemein im Sinne eines mit Isolierflüssigkeit befüllten Behälters verwendet und umfasst somit beispielsweise auch mit Isolierflüssigkeit befüllte Kabelanschlusskästen und Schalterkammern.The term “boiler” is used here and in the following in general in the sense of a container filled with insulating liquid and thus also includes, for example, cable connection boxes and switch chambers filled with insulating liquid.

Die Anordnung des Kompensators in dem Aufnahmebehälter ermöglicht es, den Aufnahmebehälter mit einer variablen Menge Isolierflüssigkeit zu befüllen, wobei der Kompensator das nicht von Isolierflüssigkeit ausgefüllte Volumen des Aufnahmebehälters einnimmt. Der Kompensator hat dabei eine ähnliche Funktion wie ein Gummisack eines herkömmlichen Ausdehnungsgefäßes. Gegenüber einem Gummisack hat der Kompensator jedoch den Vorteil, dass durch ihn die Isolierflüssigkeit hermetisch von der Umgebungsluft getrennt werden kann, so dass die Isolierflüssigkeit nicht durch Sauerstoff und Feuchtigkeit aus der Umgebungsluft beeinträchtigt wird.The arrangement of the compensator in the receiving container makes it possible to fill the receiving container with a variable amount of insulating liquid, the compensator taking up the volume of the receiving container that is not filled by insulating liquid. The compensator has a similar function as a rubber bag of a conventional expansion tank. Compared to a rubber bag, however, the compensator has the advantage that it allows the insulating liquid to be hermetically separated from the ambient air, so that the insulating liquid is not impaired by oxygen and moisture from the ambient air.

Darüber hinaus kann der Aufnahmebehälter eine relativ große Querschnittsfläche aufweisen und daher über eine entsprechend große Kesselöffnung mit dem Kesselinneren des Kessels verbunden sein, während ein herkömmliches Ausdehnungsgefäß durch ein Rohr mit einer vergleichsweise kleinen Querschnittsfläche mit dem Kesselinneren verbunden ist. Die große Querschnittsfläche und große Kesselöffnung ermöglichen eine schnelle Reaktion auf und Kompensation von Volumenänderungen der Isolierflüssigkeit. Dadurch können insbesondere durch Lichtbögen in dem Kesselinneren verursachte schlagartige Volumenänderungen der Isolierflüssigkeit und dadurch bedingte Druckanstiege schneller und effektiver kompensiert werden als mittels herkömmlicher Ausdehnungsgefäße.In addition, the receptacle can have a relatively large cross-sectional area and can therefore be connected to the interior of the boiler via a correspondingly large boiler opening, while a conventional expansion vessel is connected to the interior of the boiler by a tube with a comparatively small cross-sectional area. The large cross-sectional area and large vessel opening enable rapid reaction to and compensation of changes in volume of the insulating liquid. As a result, sudden changes in volume of the insulating liquid caused by arcing in the interior of the tank and the resulting pressure increases can occur can be compensated faster and more effectively than with conventional expansion vessels.

Durch die Anordnung des Kompensators in dem Aufnahmebehälter ist der Kompensator ferner durch den Aufnahmebehälter gegen eine äußere Umgebung geschützt und wird bei einem Transport durch die Wand des Aufnahmebehälters geführt. Da der Kompensator bei einem Druckanstieg in dem Kessel zusammengedrückt wird, besteht außerdem nicht die Gefahr, dass der Kompensator durch einen Druckanstieg überdehnt wird. Weiterhin kann der Kompensator durch den Kontakt mit der Isolierflüssigkeit Wärme aus der Isolierflüssigkeit abführen und somit zu einer Kühlung der Isolierflüssigkeit beitragen. Der Kompensator kann außerdem auch als Aufbewahrungsbehälter zur Lagerung von Ersatz- und Reservekomponenten der Aufnahmevorrichtung und/oder des Transformators bzw. der Drossel verwendet werden. An dem Aufnahmebehälter können vorteilhaft Anschlüsse für Rohrleitungen von mit Isolierflüssigkeit befüllten Kabelanschlusskästen angebracht werden.Due to the arrangement of the compensator in the receptacle, the compensator is also protected from an external environment by the receptacle and is guided through the wall of the receptacle during transport. Since the compensator is compressed when the pressure increases in the boiler, there is also no risk of the compensator being overstretched by an increase in pressure. Furthermore, the compensator can dissipate heat from the insulating liquid through contact with the insulating liquid and thus contribute to cooling the insulating liquid. The compensator can also be used as a storage container for storing replacement and reserve components of the receiving device and / or the transformer or the choke. Connections for pipelines from cable connection boxes filled with insulating fluid can advantageously be attached to the receiving container.

Die Erfindung sieht ferner vor, dass ein Kompensatorboden des Kompensators einen Buchholzrelaisinnenanschluss mit einer Bodenöffnung in dem Kompensatorboden aufweist, wobei an dem Buchholzrelaisinnenanschluss in dem Kompensatorinneren des Kompensators ein Buchholzrelais, als Teil der Aufnahmevorrichtung, angeschlossen ist. Vorzugsweise weist eine Unterseite des Kompensatorbodens dabei einen Gasfangkragen zur Sammlung von Gas auf.The invention further provides that a compensator base of the compensator has a Buchholz relay interior connection with a base opening in the compensator base, a Buchholz relay being connected to the Buchholz relay interior connection in the compensator interior of the compensator as part of the receiving device. An underside of the compensator base preferably has a gas collecting collar for collecting gas.

Ein derartiger Buchholzrelaisinnenanschluss ermöglicht es, ein Buchholzrelais in dem Kompensator anzuordnen. Dadurch wird vorteilhaft Bauhöhe der Aufnahmevorrichtung gegenüber einer Anordnung eines Buchholzrelais an einer Oberseite der Aufnahmevorrichtung eingespart. Der Gasfangkragen ermöglicht dabei, dass sich Gas aus dem Kessel unter dem Kompensatorboden sammelt und dem Buchholzrelais zugeführt wird. Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Kompensator zur Ausbildung des veränderbaren Kompensatorvolumens einen Faltenbalg aufweist.Such a Buchholz relay internal connection makes it possible to arrange a Buchholz relay in the compensator. This advantageously saves the overall height of the receiving device compared to an arrangement of a Buchholz relay on an upper side of the receiving device. The gas catch collar enables gas from the boiler to collect under the compensator base and to be fed to the Buchholz relay. One embodiment of the invention provides that the compensator has a bellows to form the variable compensator volume.

Durch einen Faltenbalg kann vorteilhaft in einfacher Weise ein an eine aufzunehmende Menge von Isolierflüssigkeit anpassbares, veränderbares Kompensatorvolumen des Kompensators realisiert werden.By means of a bellows, a variable compensator volume of the compensator that can be adapted to a quantity of insulating liquid to be absorbed can advantageously be realized in a simple manner.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Kompensator ein Überdruckventil aufweist, mittels dessen Isolierflüssigkeit und/oder Gas in ein Kompensatorinneres des Kompensators leitbar ist, wenn der Kompensator in dem Aufnahmebehälter angeordnet ist und ein Druck in dem Aufnahmebehälter einen Druckschwellenwert überschreitet. Alternativ kann der Kompensator auch eine Berstscheibe aufweisen, die dazu ausgelegt ist, zu platzen, wenn ein Druck in dem Aufnahmebehälter einen Druckschwellenwert überschreitet.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the compensator has an overpressure valve, by means of which insulating liquid and / or gas can be conducted into a compensator interior of the compensator when the compensator is arranged in the receiving container and a pressure in the receiving container exceeds a pressure threshold value. Alternatively, the compensator can also have a rupture disk which is designed to burst when a pressure in the receiving container exceeds a pressure threshold value.

Dadurch wirkt der Kompensator auch als Schutzvorrichtung gegen Überdruck in dem Kessel.As a result, the compensator also acts as a protective device against overpressure in the boiler.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht eine erste Gasöffnung vor, durch die Gas zwischen einem Kompensatorinneren des Kompensators und einer Umgebung der Aufnahmevorrichtung strömen kann, wenn der Kompensator in dem Aufnahmebehälter angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung ferner einen ersten Deckel auf, der zum Verschließen des Kompensators ausgebildet ist und die erste Gasöffnung aufweist.Durch eine derartige erste Gasöffnung kann der Kompensator "atmen", so dass in seinem Inneren kein Überdruck oder Unterdruck entsteht, der einer Änderung des Kompensatorvolumens entgegenwirkt. Durch einen Deckel zum Verschließen des Kompensators kann das Kompensatorinnere gegen Verschmutzung und Umgebungseinflüsse geschützt werden.A further embodiment of the invention provides a first gas opening through which gas can flow between a compensator interior of the compensator and the surroundings of the receiving device when the compensator is arranged in the receiving container. Preferably, the receiving device also has a first cover, which is designed to close the compensator and has the first gas opening. The compensator can "breathe" through such a first gas opening, so that no overpressure or underpressure arises in its interior that would cause a change in the Compensator volume counteracts. A cover for closing the compensator can protect the interior of the compensator against contamination and environmental influences.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der erste Deckel, der zum Verschließen des Kompensators ausgebildet ist, mittels eines Kompensatorflansches lösbar an dem Verschließflansch des Aufnahmebehälters befestigt ist, so dass dieser durch einen zweiten Deckel, der zum Verschließen des Aufnahmebehälters ausgebildet ist und der eine zweite Gasöffnung aufweist, an der ein einen Gasbehälter mit veränderbarem Gasbehältervolumen angeordnet ist, ersetzt werden kann, so dass dann der Gasbehälter in dem Aufnahmebehälter angeordnet ist und ein Gas zwischen dem Gasbehältervolumen und einer Umgebung des Aufnahmebehälters strömt. Vorzugsweise ist dabei an der zweiten Gasöffnung ein Gasentfeuchteranschluss für einen Gasentfeuchter angeordnet, oder die zweite Gasöffnung ist mit einer semipermeablen Membran, die für Gas aber nicht für Flüssigkeit durchlässig ist, verschlossen. Der Gasbehälter ist vorzugsweise als ein Gummisack ausgebildet. Ferner weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung vorzugsweise einen zweiten Deckel auf, der zum Verschließen des Aufnahmebehälters ausgebildet ist und die zweite Gasöffnung aufweist.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the first cover, which is designed to close the compensator, is releasably fastened to the closing flange of the receptacle by means of a compensator flange, so that it is secured by a second cover, which is used for closing of the receiving container is formed and which has a second gas opening at which a gas container with a variable gas container volume is arranged, can be replaced, so that then the gas container is arranged in the receiving container and a gas flows between the gas container volume and the surroundings of the receiving container. A gas dehumidifier connection for a gas dehumidifier is preferably arranged at the second gas opening, or the second gas opening is closed with a semipermeable membrane which is permeable to gas but not to liquid. The gas container is preferably designed as a rubber bag. Furthermore, the receiving device preferably has a second cover which is designed to close the receiving container and which has the second gas opening.

Diese Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung berücksichtigen, dass in Problemfällen, in denen der Kompensator, beispielsweise durch eine Beschädigung, nicht funktionsfähig ist, eine Wiederherstellung der Funktionsfähigkeit der Aufnahmevorrichtung durch eine Reparatur oder Ersetzung des Kompensators und damit eine Wiederinbetriebnahme des Transformators bzw. der Drossel unter Umständen mit einem hohen Zeit- und/oder Kostenaufwand verbunden ist. Um diesem Problem zu begegnen sehen die vorgenannten Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung vor, dass in dem Aufnahmebehälter an einer zweiten Gasöffnung ein Gasbehälter mit einem veränderbaren Gasbehältervolumen anordenbar ist. Dies ermöglicht, den Aufnahmebehälter im Fall einer Funktionsunfähigkeit des Kompensators wie ein herkömmliches Ausdehnungsgefäß zu betreiben, wobei der Gasbehälter die Funktion des Kompensators übernimmt. Dadurch kann ein Zeitraum bis zu einer Reparatur oder einem Austausch des Kompensators überbrückt werden, ohne den Betrieb des Transformators bzw. der Drossel lange unterbrechen zu müssen. Gegebenenfalls braucht der Kompensator in solchen Fällen auch gar nicht repariert oder ausgetauscht werden, wenn eine dauerhafte Fortsetzung des Betriebs des Transformators bzw. der Drossel mit dem Gasbehälter statt dem Kompensator akzeptabel ist. Die Ausbildung des Gasbehälters als ein Gummisack ist eine einfache und bewährte Ausgestaltung des Gasbehälters zur Aufnahme eines veränderbaren Gasvolumens. Durch einen Gasentfeuchteranschluss an der zweiten Gasöffnung kann vorteilhaft ein Gasentfeuchter angeschlossen werden, um Gas, das in den Gasbehälter eintritt, zu entfeuchten, so dass weniger Feuchtigkeit aus in dem Gasbehälter enthaltenem Gas in die Isolierflüssigkeit übergeht. Alternativ kann das Eintreten von Feuchtigkeit durch eine semipermeable Membran verhindert bzw. reduziert werden. Ein Deckel, der zum Verschließen des Aufnahmebehälters ausgebildet ist und die zweite Gasöffnung aufweist, ermöglicht eine einfache Umrüstung der Aufnahmevorrichtung zu dessen Betrieb als herkömmliches Ausdehnungsgefäß.These refinements of the invention take into account that in problem cases in which the compensator is not functional, for example due to damage, a restoration of the functionality of the receiving device by repairing or replacing the compensator and thus restarting the transformer or the reactor may also be necessary is associated with a high expenditure of time and / or costs. In order to counteract this problem, the aforementioned embodiments of the invention provide that a gas container with a variable gas container volume can be arranged in the receiving container at a second gas opening. This enables the receptacle to be operated like a conventional expansion tank in the event of the compensator becoming inoperable, the gas container taking over the function of the compensator. As a result, a period of time until a repair or replacement of the compensator can be bridged without having to interrupt the operation of the transformer or the choke for a long time. If necessary, the compensator does not need to be repaired or replaced at all in such cases if a permanent continuation of the operation of the transformer or the choke with the gas container instead of the compensator is acceptable. The design of the gas container as a rubber bag is a simple and proven one Design of the gas container to accommodate a variable gas volume. A gas dehumidifier can advantageously be connected through a gas dehumidifier connection to the second gas opening in order to dehumidify gas entering the gas container, so that less moisture from the gas contained in the gas container passes into the insulating liquid. Alternatively, the ingress of moisture can be prevented or reduced by a semipermeable membrane. A cover, which is designed to close the receptacle and has the second gas opening, enables the receptacle device to be easily converted for its operation as a conventional expansion vessel.

Die vorgenannten Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können auch derart ausgeführt sein, dass der erste Deckel und der zweite Deckel identisch sind.The aforementioned configurations of the invention can also be designed such that the first cover and the second cover are identical.

Dies verringert vorteilhaft die Anzahl der Komponenten der Aufnahmevorrichtung.This advantageously reduces the number of components of the receiving device.

Ferner können auch die erste Gasöffnung und die zweite Gasöffnung identisch sein.Furthermore, the first gas opening and the second gas opening can also be identical.

Dadurch wird vorteilhaft nur eine Gasöffnung benötigt, die für den Kompensator und den Gasbehälter verwendet wird.As a result, only one gas opening is advantageously required, which is used for the compensator and the gas container.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der zweite Deckel einen Buchholzrelaisaußennschluss mit angeschlossenem Buchholzrelais auf dem zweiten Deckel zu dem Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters aufweist.Another embodiment of the invention provides that the second cover has a Buchholz relay external connection with a Buchholz relay connected on the second cover to the interior of the receptacle.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Gehäuse eines Transformators oder einer Drossel umfasst einen Kessel mit einer Kesselöffnung und eine erfindungsgemäße Aufnahmevorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem Kessel mit den oben genannten Vorteilen.A housing according to the invention for a transformer or a choke comprises a tank with a tank opening and a receiving device according to the invention for receiving insulating liquid from the boiler with the advantages mentioned above.

Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen, die im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Dabei zeigen:

  • FIG 1 schematisch eine Seitenansicht eines Gehäuses eines Transformators oder einer Drossel in einem Kompensatorbetrieb,
  • FIG 2 eine Schnittdarstellung des in Figur 1 dargestellten Gehäuses in dem Kompensatorbetrieb, und
  • FIG 3 eine Schnittdarstellung des in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Gehäuses in einem Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb.
The above-described properties, features and advantages of this invention and the manner in which they are achieved will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail in connection with the drawings. Show:
  • FIG 1 schematically a side view of a housing of a transformer or a choke in a compensator operation,
  • FIG 2 a sectional view of the in Figure 1 shown housing in the compensator operation, and
  • FIG 3 a sectional view of the in the Figures 1 and 2 shown housing in an expansion tank operation.

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in den Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen ein Gehäuse 1 eines Transformators oder einer Drossel. Das Gehäuse 1 umfasst einen Kessel 3 und eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 zur Aufnahme von Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem Kessel 3.The Figures 1 to 3 show a housing 1 of a transformer or a choke. The housing 1 comprises a tank 3 and a receiving device 5 for receiving insulating liquid from the tank 3.

Die Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 umfasst einen Kompensator 7 und einen Aufnahmebehälter 9 und ist dazu ausgebildet, wahlweise in einem von zwei verschiedenen Betriebsmodi betrieben zu werden. Im Folgenden wird ein erster Betriebsmodus als Kompensatorbetrieb bezeichnet und der zweite Betriebsmodus wird als Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb bezeichnet. Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen die Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 in dem Kompensatorbetrieb. Figur 3 zeigt die Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 in dem Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb. Dabei zeigt Figur 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Gehäuses 1 und die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen jeweils eine Schnittdarstellung des Gehäuses 1, wobei in den Figuren 2 und 3 jeweils nur ein Ausschnitt eines Kesseldeckels 11 des Kessels 3 in dem Bereich einer Kesselöffnung 13 in dem Kesseldeckel 11 dargestellt ist.The receiving device 5 comprises a compensator 7 and a receiving container 9 and is designed to be operated optionally in one of two different operating modes. In the following, a first operating mode is referred to as compensator operation and the second operating mode is referred to as expansion vessel operation. The Figures 1 and 2 show the receiving device 5 in the compensator mode. Figure 3 shows the receiving device 5 in the expansion vessel mode. It shows Figure 1 a schematic side view of the housing 1 and Figures 2 and 3 show each a sectional view of the housing 1, wherein in the Figures 2 and 3 only a section of a boiler cover 11 of the boiler 3 in the area of a boiler opening 13 in the boiler cover 11 is shown.

Der Kompensator 7 umfasst einen Kompensatorboden 15, einen Kompensatorflansch 17 und einen Faltenbalg 19, der den Kompensatorboden 15 und den Kompensatorflansch 17 miteinander verbindet. Der Kompensatorboden 15 ist plattenartig ausgebildet. Der Kompensatorflansch 17 ist ringförmig ausgebildet. Der Faltenbalg 19 ermöglicht, das Kompensatorvolumen zieharmonikartig zu verändern. Der Faltenbalg 19 ist beispielsweise aus einem metallischen Werkstoff oder einem Gummi gefertigt.The compensator 7 comprises a compensator base 15, a compensator flange 17 and a bellows 19 which connects the compensator base 15 and the compensator flange 17 to one another. The compensator base 15 is plate-like. The compensator flange 17 is annular. The bellows 19 makes it possible to change the compensator volume like an accordion. The bellows 19 is made of a metallic material or a rubber, for example.

Der Kompensatorboden 15 weist optional einen Buchholzrelaisinnenanschluss 21 mit einer Bodenöffnung 23 in dem Kompensatorboden 15 für den Anschluss eines in einem Kompensatorinneren des Kompensators 7 angeordneten Buchholzrelais 25 auf. Eine Unterseite des Kompensatorbodens 15 weist optional einen Gasfangkragen 27 zur Sammlung von Gas auf. Ferner ist an dem Kompensatorboden 15 optional ein Überdruckventil 29 angeordnet, mittels dessen ein den Kompensator 7 umgebendes Fluid in das Kompensatorinnere leitbar ist, wenn ein Druck in dem Fluid einen Druckschwellenwert überschreitet.The compensator base 15 optionally has a Buchholz relay interior connection 21 with a base opening 23 in the compensator base 15 for the connection of a Buchholz relay 25 arranged in a compensator interior of the compensator 7. An underside of the compensator base 15 optionally has a gas collecting collar 27 for collecting gas. Furthermore, an overpressure valve 29 is optionally arranged on the compensator base 15, by means of which a fluid surrounding the compensator 7 can be conducted into the compensator interior if a pressure in the fluid exceeds a pressure threshold value.

Der Aufnahmebehälter 9 ist im Wesentlichen als ein Hohlzylinder ausgebildet und vakuumfest aus einem metallischen Werkstoff gefertigt. Der Aufnahmebehälter 9 ist die Kesselöffnung 13 verschließend an dem Kesseldeckel 11 befestigt, so dass durch die Kesselöffnung 13 Isolierflüssigkeit zwischen einem Kesselinneren des Kessels 3 und einem Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters 9 strömen kann. Dazu weist der Aufnahmebehälter 9 einen ringförmigen Befestigungsflansch 31 auf, der lösbar, beispielsweise durch Schraubverbindungen, mit dem Kesseldeckel 11 verbunden ist. Alternativ kann der Aufnahmebehälter 9 auch fest, beispielsweise durch eine Schweißverbindung, an dem Kesseldeckel 11 befestigt sein. Ein von dem Kesseldeckel 11 abgewandtes Ende des Aufnahmebehälters 9 wird von einem ringförmigen Verschließflansch 33 gebildet. An einer Außenseite weist der Aufnahmebehälter 9 optional wenigstens einen Rohrleitungsanschluss 35 für Kabelanschlusskästen auf. Zur Erhöhung der Steifigkeit des Aufnahmebehälters 9 sind Bereiche einer Innenoberfläche des Aufnahmebehälters 9 in der Nähe der Kesselöffnung 13 optional durch Versteifungselemente 37 miteinander verbunden.The receptacle 9 is designed essentially as a hollow cylinder and made of a metallic material in a vacuum-tight manner. The receptacle 9 is fastened to the kettle cover 11 so that it closes the kettle opening 13, so that insulating liquid can flow through the kettle opening 13 between a kettle interior of the kettle 3 and an interior of the receptacle 9. For this purpose, the receptacle 9 has an annular fastening flange 31 which is detachably connected to the boiler cover 11, for example by screw connections. Alternatively, the receptacle 9 can also be firmly attached to the boiler cover 11, for example by a welded connection. An end of the receptacle 9 facing away from the boiler cover 11 is formed by an annular closure flange 33. On an outside, the receptacle 9 optionally has at least one pipe connection 35 for cable connection boxes. To increase the rigidity of the receptacle 9, areas of an inner surface of the receptacle 9 in the vicinity of the boiler opening 13 are optionally connected to one another by stiffening elements 37.

Statt den Aufnahmebehälter 9 direkt an dem Kessel 3 zu befestigen, kann er auch in einem Abstand von dem Kessel 3 angeordnet sein und durch eine starre Verbindung, beispielsweise eine Rohrleitung, oder eine flexible Verbindung, beispielsweise einen Verbindungsschlauch, mit dem Kessel 3 verbunden sein, so dass Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem Kessel 3 in den Aufnahmebehälter 9 und aus dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 in den Kessel 3 strömen kann.Instead of fastening the receptacle 9 directly to the boiler 3, it can also be arranged at a distance from the boiler 3 and connected to the boiler 3 by a rigid connection, for example a pipeline, or a flexible connection, for example a connecting hose, so that insulating liquid can flow from the boiler 3 into the receptacle 9 and from the receptacle 9 into the boiler 3.

In dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Kompensatorbetrieb ist der Kompensator 7 in dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 angeordnet. Dabei ist der Kompensatorflansch 17 des Kompensators 7 lösbar, beispielsweise durch Schraubverbindungen, an dem Verschließflansch 33 des Aufnahmebehälters 9 befestigt, so dass eine dem Kompensatorboden 15 zugewandte Oberfläche des Kompensatorflansches 17 an dem Verschließflansch 33 anliegt und der Kompensatorboden 15 der Kesselöffnung 13 zugewandt ist. Der Kompensator 7 ist durch einen ersten Deckel 39 verschlossen, der als ein Blindflansch ausgebildet ist und mit einem Randbereich an einer von dem Kompensatorboden 15 abgewandten Oberfläche des Kompensatorflansches 17 anliegt. Der erste Deckel 39 weist eine erste Gasöffnung 41 auf, durch die Gas zwischen dem Kompensatorinneren des Kompensators 7 und einer Umgebung der Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 strömen kann. Über der ersten Gasöffnung 41 ist an dem ersten Deckel 39 eine Filtereinheit 43 angeordnet, die einem Eindringen von unerwünschten Stoffen wie Schmutzpartikeln und/oder Wasser in das Kompensatorinnere entgegenwirkt.In the in the Figures 1 and 2 The compensator operation shown, the compensator 7 is arranged in the receptacle 9. The compensator flange 17 of the compensator 7 is detachably fastened to the closure flange 33 of the receptacle 9, for example by screw connections, so that a surface of the compensator flange 17 facing the compensator base 15 rests against the closure flange 33 and the compensator base 15 faces the boiler opening 13. The compensator 7 is closed by a first cover 39, which is designed as a blind flange and rests with an edge area on a surface of the compensator flange 17 facing away from the compensator base 15. The first cover 39 has a first gas opening 41 through which gas can flow between the compensator interior of the compensator 7 and the surroundings of the receiving device 5. A filter unit 43 is arranged on the first cover 39 above the first gas opening 41 and counteracts the penetration of undesired substances such as dirt particles and / or water into the interior of the compensator.

Der Kompensator 7 ist gegenüber dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 hermetisch verschlossen, solange der Druck in der Isolierflüssigkeit den Druckschwellenwert, für den das Überdruckventil 29 ausgelegt ist, nicht überschreitet. Dadurch kann Isolierflüssigkeit aus dem Kessel 3 nur in einen den Kompensator 7 umgebenden Aufnahmebereich des Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters 9 strömen, nicht aber in den Kompensator 7. Da der Kompensator 7 durch den Faltenbalg 19 ein veränderbares Kompensatorvolumen hat, passt sich das Volumen des Aufnahmebereiches der Menge der von dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 aufzunehmenden Isolierflüssigkeit an, indem der Faltenbalg 19 bei einer Volumenzunahme der Isolierflüssigkeit umso mehr zusammengefaltet wird, je mehr Isolierflüssigkeit in den Aufnahmebehälter 9 strömt und bei einer Volumenabnahme der Isolierflüssigkeit wieder entsprechend entfaltet wird.The compensator 7 is hermetically sealed with respect to the receptacle 9 as long as the pressure in the insulating liquid does not exceed the pressure threshold value for which the pressure relief valve 29 is designed. As a result, insulating fluid can only flow from the boiler 3 into a receiving area of the interior of the receiving container 9 surrounding the compensator 7, but not into the compensator 7. Since the compensator 7 has a variable compensator volume through the bellows 19, the volume of the receiving area adapts to the quantity the insulating liquid to be absorbed by the receptacle 9, in that the bellows 19 is folded up all the more when the volume of the insulating liquid increases, the more insulating liquid flows into the receptacle 9 and is unfolded again accordingly when the volume of the insulating liquid decreases.

Die erste Gasöffnung 41 ermöglicht vorteilhaft ein "Atmen" des Kompensators 7, d. h. ein Abführen von Gas aus dem Kompensator 7 bei einer Abnahme des Kompensatorvolumens und ein Einführen von Gas in den Kompensator 7 bei einer Zunahme des Kompensatorvolumens.The first gas opening 41 advantageously allows the compensator 7 to "breathe", i. H. discharging gas from the compensator 7 when the compensator volume decreases and introducing gas into the compensator 7 when the compensator volume increases.

Das Überdruckventil 29 ermöglicht vorteilhaft, Isolierflüssigkeit und/oder Gas in den Kompensator 7 zu leiten, wenn der Druck in der Isolierflüssigkeit den Druckschwellenwert überschreitet.The pressure relief valve 29 advantageously allows insulating liquid and / or gas to be passed into the compensator 7 when the pressure in the insulating liquid exceeds the pressure threshold value.

Der Buchholzrelaisinnenanschluss 21 ermöglicht, ein Buchholzrelais 25 in dem Kompensator 7 anzuordnen. Dadurch wird in dem Kompensatorbetrieb vorteilhaft Bauhöhe der Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 gegenüber einer alternativen (ebenfalls möglichen) Anordnung eines Buchholzrelais 25 an einer Oberseite der Aufnahmevorrichtung 5, beispielsweise an dem ersten Deckel 41 oder dem Kompensatorflansch 17, eingespart. Der Gasfangkragen 27 ermöglicht dabei, dass sich Gas aus dem Kessel 3 unter dem Kompensatorboden 15 sammelt und dem Buchholzrelais 25 zugeführt wird.The Buchholz relay inner connection 21 enables a Buchholz relay 25 to be arranged in the compensator 7. This advantageously saves the overall height of the receiving device 5 compared to an alternative (also possible) arrangement of a Buchholz relay 25 on an upper side of the receiving device 5, for example on the first cover 41 or the compensator flange 17. The gas catch collar 27 enables gas from the boiler 3 to collect under the compensator base 15 and to be fed to the Buchholz relay 25.

In dem in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb wird die Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 ohne den Kompensator 7 betrieben. Der Aufnahmebehälter 9 wird dabei durch einen zweiten Deckel 45 verschlossen, der als ein Blindflansch ausgebildet ist und mit einem Randbereich an dem Verschließflansch 33 des Aufnahmebehälters 9 anliegt.In the in Figure 3 The expansion vessel operation shown, the receiving device 5 is operated without the compensator 7. The receptacle 9 is closed by a second cover 45, which is designed as a blind flange and rests with an edge region on the closure flange 33 of the receptacle 9.

Der zweite Deckel 45 weist eine zweite Gasöffnung 46 auf. Unter der zweiten Gasöffnung 46 ist an einer dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 zugewandten Oberfläche des zweiten Deckels 45 mittels eines Gasbehälterflansches 47 ein als ein Gummisack ausgebildeter Gasbehälter 49 mit einem veränderbaren Gasbehältervolumen angeordnet, so dass durch die zweite Gasöffnung 46 Gas zwischen dem Gasbehältervolumen und einer Umgebung des Aufnahmebehälters strömen kann. An einer von dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 abgewandten Oberfläche des zweiten Deckels 45 ist über der zweiten Gasöffnung 46 ein Gasentfeuchteranschluss 51 für einen (nicht dargestellten) Gasentfeuchter zum Entfeuchten von Gas, das durch die zweite Gasöffnung 46 in den Gasbehälter 49 strömt, angeordnet.The second cover 45 has a second gas opening 46. Under the second gas opening 46, on a surface of the second cover 45 facing the receptacle 9, a gas container 49 designed as a rubber bag with a variable gas container volume is arranged by means of a gas container flange 47, so that through the second gas opening 46 gas is between the gas container volume and the surroundings of the receptacle can flow. A gas dehumidifier connection 51 for a gas dehumidifier (not shown) for dehumidifying gas that flows through the second gas opening 46 into the gas container 49 is arranged above the second gas opening 46 on a surface of the second cover 45 facing away from the receiving container 9.

Ferner weist der zweite Deckel 45 einen Buchholzrelaisaußenanschluss 53 für den Anschluss eines Buchholzrelais 25 auf dem zweiten Deckel 45 zu dem Inneren des Aufnahmebehälters 9 auf.Furthermore, the second cover 45 has a Buchholz relay external connection 53 for the connection of a Buchholz relay 25 on the second cover 45 to the interior of the receptacle 9.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung des Aufnahmebehälters 9 sind der erste Deckel 39 und der zweite Deckel 45 identisch. Dabei können insbesondere auch die erste Gasöffnung 41 und die zweite Gasöffnung 46 identisch sein, wobei der Gasbehälter 49 nur in dem Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb an der Gasöffnung 41, 46 angeordnet wird. Wenn die erste Gasöffnung 41 und die zweite Gasöffnung 46 identisch sind, kann der Gasentfeuchteranschluss 51 ferner dazu ausgebildet sein, im Kompensatorbetrieb die Filtereinheit 43 und im Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb einen Gasentfeuchter anzuschließen.In a preferred embodiment of the receptacle 9, the first cover 39 and the second cover 45 are identical. In particular, the first gas opening 41 and the second gas opening 46 can also be identical, the gas container 49 being arranged at the gas opening 41, 46 only in the expansion vessel mode. If the first gas opening 41 and the second gas opening 46 are identical, the gas dehumidifier connection 51 can also be designed to connect the filter unit 43 in the compensator mode and a gas dehumidifier in the expansion vessel mode.

Die Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 wird normalerweise in dem Kompensatorbetrieb betrieben. Der Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb ist vornehmlich für Problemfälle vorgesehen, in denen die Funktionsfähigkeit des Kompensators 7 beeinträchtigt ist, beispielsweise weil der Kompensator 7 beschädigt ist. Um von dem Kompensatorbetrieb zu dem Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb zu wechseln, wird zunächst der erste Deckel 39 von dem Kompensator 7 abmontiert. Anschließend wird der Kompensator 7 von dem Aufnahmebehälter 9 gelöst und entfernt. Danach wird der Aufnahmebehälter 9 mittels des mit dem Gasbehälter 49 versehenen zweiten Deckels 46 verschlossen, an den Gasentfeuchteranschluss 51 wird ein Gasentfeuchter angeschlossen und an den Buchholzrelaisaußenanschluss wird ein Buchholzrelais 25 angeschlossen. In dem Ausdehnungsgefäßbetrieb wirkt der Aufnahmebehälter 9 wie ein übliches Ausdehnungsgefäß, wobei der Gasbehälter 49 durch die zweite Gasöffnung 46 "atmet". Das Kompensatorinnere kann in dem Kompensatorbetrieb als Stauraum zur Lagerung von Ersatz- und Reservekomponenten wie Isolierelementen, einem Ersatzgummisack, einem Ersatzbuchholzrelais und/oder Überdruckschutzventilen genutzt werden.The recording device 5 is normally operated in the compensator mode. The expansion tank operation is primarily intended for problem cases in which the functionality of the compensator 7 is impaired, for example because the compensator 7 is damaged. In order to switch from the compensator operation to the expansion vessel operation, the first cover 39 is first removed from the compensator 7. The compensator 7 is then detached from the receptacle 9 and removed. Then the receptacle 9 is closed by means of the second lid 46 provided with the gas container 49, a gas dehumidifier is connected to the gas dehumidifier connection 51 and a Buchholz relay 25 is connected to the Buchholz relay external connection. In the expansion vessel mode, the receptacle 9 acts like a conventional expansion vessel, the gas container 49 "breathing" through the second gas opening 46. The interior of the compensator can be used in compensator operation as storage space for storing replacement and reserve components such as insulating elements, a replacement rubber bag, a replacement Buchholz relay and / or overpressure protection valves.

Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen. Insbesondere kann eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 5 mehrere Aufnahmebehälter 9 der in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellten Art mit jeweils einem Kompensator 7 aufweisen. Dabei können die Faltenbälge 19 der Kompensatoren 7 verschiedene Härtegrade aufweisen. Unter dem Härtegrad eines Faltenbalgs 19 wird dabei ein Widerstand verstanden, den der Faltenbalg 19 seiner Längenänderung entgegensetzt. Beispielsweise weist wenigstens ein erster Kompensator 7 einen Faltenbalg 19 mit einem ersten Härtegrad auf und wenigstens ein zweiter Kompensator 7 weist einen Faltenbalg 9 mit einem zweiten Härtegrad auf, der größer als der erste Härtegrad ist. Durch eine geeignete Wahl der Härtegrade und Ausbildung der Kompensatoren 7 kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass mit den ersten Kompensatoren 7 vornehmlich thermisch verursachte Volumenänderungen der Isolierflüssigkeit kompensiert werden, die in einem Normalbetrieb des Transformators oder der Drossel auftreten, während mit den zweiten Kompensatoren 7 vornehmlich schlagartige Volumenänderungen der Isolierflüssigkeit kompensiert werden, die durch Lichtbögen in dem Kessel 3 verursacht werden.Although the invention has been illustrated and described in more detail by means of preferred exemplary embodiments, the invention is not restricted by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the invention. In particular, a receiving device 5 can contain several receiving containers 9 in the Figures 2 and 3 each have a compensator 7 shown type. The bellows 19 of the compensators 7 can have different degrees of hardness. The degree of hardness of a bellows 19 is understood to mean a resistance which the bellows 19 opposes to its change in length. For example, at least one first compensator 7 has a bellows 19 with a first degree of hardness and at least one second compensator 7 has a bellows 9 with a second degree of hardness that is greater than the first degree of hardness. A suitable choice of the degree of hardness and design of the compensators 7 can can be achieved in that primarily thermally caused volume changes in the insulating liquid are compensated with the first compensators 7, which occur in normal operation of the transformer or the choke, while the second compensators 7 primarily compensate sudden changes in volume of the insulating liquid caused by arcing in the tank 3 caused.

Claims (13)

  1. Take-up device (5) for taking up insulating fluid from a tank (3) of a transformer or a reactor, comprising
    a take-up container (9), which is designed as a hollow body and can be connected to a tank opening (13) of the tank (3), so that insulating fluid can flow through the tank opening (13) between a tank interior of the tank (3) and an interior of the take-up container (9),
    and a compensator (7), which is designed as a hollow body with a variable compensator volume and is arranged in the take-up container (9) while being sealed with respect to the take-up container (9),
    characterized in that a compensator bottom (15) of the compensator (7) has an inner Buchholz relay connection (21) with a bottom opening (23) in the compensator bottom (15), wherein, at the inner Buchholz relay connection (21), a Buchholz relay (25) is connected, as part of the take-up device (5), in a compensator interior of the compensator (7).
  2. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the compensator (7) has a bellows (19) for forming the variable compensator volume.
  3. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that an underside of the compensator bottom (15) has a gas collar (27) for collecting gas.
  4. Take-up device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that the compensator (7) has a pressure relief valve (29), by means of which insulating fluid and/or gas can be directed into a compensator interior of the compensator (7) if a pressure in the take-up container (9) exceeds a pressure threshold value.
  5. Take-up device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    comprising a first gas opening (41), through which gas can flow between a compensator interior of the compensator (7) and a surrounding area of the take-up device (5).
  6. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 5,
    comprising a first cover (39), which is designed for sealing the compensator (7) and has the first gas opening (41).
  7. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that the first cover (39), which is designed for sealing the compensator (7), is releasably fastened to the sealing flange (33) of the take-up container (9) by means of a compensator flange (17), so that it can be replaced by a second cover (45), which is designed for sealing the take-up container (9) and has a second gas opening (46), at which a gas container (49) with a variable gas container volume is arranged, so that then the gas container (49) would be arranged in the take-up container and a gas could flow between the gas container volume and a surrounding area of the take-up container (9).
  8. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 7,
    characterized in that a gas dehumidifier connection (51) for a gas dehumidifier is arranged at the second gas opening (46).
  9. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the gas container (49) is designed as a rubber bag.
  10. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 7,
    characterized in that the first cover (39) and the second cover (45) are identical.
  11. Take-up device (5) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the first gas opening (41) and the second gas opening (46) are identical.
  12. Take-up device (5) according to one of Claims 7-11,
    characterized in that the second cover (45) has an outer Buchholz relay connection (53) with a connected Buchholz relay (25) on the second cover with respect to the interior of the take-up container.
  13. Housing (1) of a transformer or a reactor, the housing (1) comprising a tank (3) with a tank opening (13) and a take-up device (5) according to one of the preceding claims.
EP15177876.8A 2015-07-22 2015-07-22 Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid Active EP3121825B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15177876.8A EP3121825B1 (en) 2015-07-22 2015-07-22 Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15177876.8A EP3121825B1 (en) 2015-07-22 2015-07-22 Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid

Publications (2)

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EP3121825A1 EP3121825A1 (en) 2017-01-25
EP3121825B1 true EP3121825B1 (en) 2020-09-16

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ID=53724032

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15177876.8A Active EP3121825B1 (en) 2015-07-22 2015-07-22 Receiver device for receiving insulating fluid

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EP (1) EP3121825B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934453A (en) * 1974-10-25 1976-01-27 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Conservator system
JPH0661067A (en) * 1992-08-04 1994-03-04 Nippon Koei Co Ltd Conservator
CN2218964Y (en) * 1994-07-25 1996-01-31 孙艺夫 Oil storage tank for corrugated pipe transformer
PL1905052T3 (en) * 2005-07-15 2017-08-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Expansion tank for a stepping switch
US7902951B2 (en) * 2005-07-17 2011-03-08 Siemens Ag Hermetically sealed electrical apparatus
EP2610881B1 (en) * 2011-12-28 2014-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pressure compensator for a subsea device
CN202373411U (en) * 2011-12-29 2012-08-08 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 Novel full-sealed transformer
CN203826163U (en) * 2014-03-26 2014-09-10 孙艺夫 Condensation prevention outer oil vertical corrugated oil storage tank
CN204480848U (en) * 2015-03-07 2015-07-15 孙艺夫 Outer oily vertical metal bellow oil conservator

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Title
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