EP3120074B1 - Device for the thermal post-combustion of exhaust air - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device with an industrial plant and a post-combustion device according to the preamble of claim 1.

By a brochure "CleanAir-Abluftreinigungssysteme" the company. KBA-MetalPrint from 03/2008 is known with the "thermal exhaust air cleaning TNV" a device for thermal post-combustion of exhaust air with a burner whose burner cone opens in the axial direction of the burner to the downstream cone opening in a funnel shape , The burner is arranged with at least the burner cone in a space upstream of a combustion chamber and surrounded by exhaust air to be treated. In the upstream of the burner exhaust gas stream is provided with the clean gas flow heat energy exchanging shell and tube heat exchanger.

The DE 37 38 141 A1 discloses a burner whose burner cone surrounds a fuel nozzle tube. The cone has in its truncated cone jacket-shaped opening wall portion through openings, through which exhaust gas from a leading the exhaust gas and surrounding the cone channel can flow into the cone interior. In parallel, exhaust gas flows into the combustion chamber through an annular gap formed between the combustion chamber diaphragm and the cone. In order to avoid damage resulting from overheating, the burner cone is made of so-called engineering ceramics, in particular of silicon infiltrated silicon carbide.

In the DE 196 54 009 A1 discloses a cone burner with a burner cone of two conical shell-shaped partial bodies, which are radially offset from each other at their circumferentially considered end portions and thereby form tangential inlet openings for combustion air. In the area of the cylindrical initial part the cone is atomized via a nozzle preferably liquid fuel into the cone interior. In the region of the tangential inlet openings, gaseous fuel is additionally injected into the tangentially incoming combustion air by radially inwardly pointing openings in the partial body wall. The evaporation of the liquid fuel injected through the nozzle within the premixing chamber can be assisted by preheating the supplied combustion air or enriching it with recirculated exhaust gas.

The DE 41 13 681 A1 and the DE 195 45 310 A1 reveal to DE 196 54 009 A1 comparable burner designs, wherein the radial injection into the tangential inlet openings in the DE 41 13 681 A1 However, via radially directed openings in parallel to the inlet openings extending supply channels takes place. Again, for gas turbine or atmospheric furnaces return of a portion of the exhaust gas in the fresh air supplied to form the combustion air can be beneficial. In the DE 195 45 310 A1 are provided to form the burner cone several, in the representation of an embodiment, four conical shell-shaped part body. The sub-cone axes of the sub-cone shells lie on a common cone axis, so that results in a broken by inlet channels straight cone shroud line.

Also the DE 195 45 309 A1 discloses a premix burner to be used for example in a gas turbine group with two conical shell-shaped partial bodies, which form between them slot-like tangential inlet openings for the entry of compressed combustion air generated in a compressor. In the area of the tangential entry slots, gaseous fuel is injected. If, at partial load, operation is not ensured solely by injection in the region of the slots, fuel is additionally injected via a nozzle via a lance in the area of the return flow zone, thereby avoiding pulsation between full-load and part-load operation. In a cavity between the lance tube limiting the lance and the coaxial in this arranged fuel tube flows combustion air to the opening in the region of the backflow lance head.

By the CH 684 962 A5 discloses a burner for operating an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber of a gas turbine group or a firing plant with a burner cone also formed by part cone body, wherein fuel is injected in the region of the tangential inlet slots. If required, in addition to the tangential introduction, axial combustion air may at most be introduced into the conical cavity downstream of the ignition electrodes.

The DE 102 05 428 A1 relates to a burner for a heat generator. Flow obstacles are provided in the outlet of the burner.

Also the WO 2006/048405 A1 relates to a burner for a heat generator. On the output side of the burner cone transition channels forming baffles are provided in the flow path of the exiting fuel gas flow

The US Pat. No. 6,599,121 B2 relates to a burner of a turbo-power machine with a plurality of cone part shells, wherein provided in the intervening slots combustion air with fuel and is introduced tangentially into the cone interior. In order to stabilize the burner fluidically, a partial cross-sectional taper is provided in the axial course of the cone flow by appropriate shaping or internals in at least one peripheral portion, through which the flow profile is deformed. The cross section tapering peripheral portion extends in a downstream last third of the burner cone by 2 ° to 45 °, in particular 5 ° to 15 °, inclined to the burner axis.

By the EP 0 629 817 A2 a firing plant is known, which consists essentially of a combustion chamber with a premix burner. This is due to the combustion The flue gas produced by the fuel is passively returned. The burner cone comprises two tangential inlets formed by displacement of two conical partial bodies for the entry of the combustion air. Fresh air is supplied to the burner axially in the foot region and radially in the cone region as a tangential flow, which tears flue gas into the burner interior via the suction effect of jet injectors. In the area of the tangential entrances fuel nozzles are provided.

The DE 100 22 969 A1 relates to a burner for operating an aggregate to produce a hot gas with a burner cone formed by two fan-shaped part conical body. To reduce the amplitudes of thermoacoustic fluctuations, a variety of flow obstacles protrude into the flow. Preferably, the flow obstacles at the burner outlet and particularly advantageously additionally along the Tangentialluftöffnungen provided. In addition, openings for the supply of fuel may be provided in the region of the tangential air openings.

The EP 0 780 630 A2 relates to a burner for a heat generator. The burner comprises a conical swirl generator and a fuel nozzle. The burner cone comprises two tangential inlets formed by displacement of two conical partial bodies for the entry of the combustion air. The latter can be enriched with recirculated exhaust gas for preheating. In the area of the fuel nozzle orifice, radially or quasi-radial arranged openings are provided, through which a purge air flows into the cross-section induced by the size of the fuel nozzle.

The JP 2004 053 048 A discloses a premix burner, wherein appear to be provided in an end face bounding the cone foot of axial bores, which open on the other side in a pilot mixed gas line. The cone comprises windows through which a main fuel gas mixture flows from the outside into the interior of the cone.

The US 2007/0254254 A1 relates to a conical cyclone oxidation burner, which the side of its smaller cross-section of coal-containing gas from a pyrolysis plant is supplied. The interior of the cone-shaped burner basket can in the region of the cone wall via hoses fuel z. B. be supplied in the form of propane. Also in the wall of the cone-shaped burner basket rings of openings are provided on the inside of deflection flaps for generating a cyclonic flow. By these measures and possibly an additional fan, through which a circular flow in the combustion chamber surrounding the burner chamber can be generated, should form a cyclonic flame on the inner wall of the burner basket.

The DE 198 48 661 A1 relates to a thermal afterburner, wherein a burner is arranged with its cone in the exhaust stream. In the conical jacket openings are provided through which the exhaust air flows into the interior. To form a swirl flow, the most downstream openings on inwardly projecting Abluftleitelemente.

Also the GB 1 276 199 A relates to a thermal post-combustion system contaminated exhaust air with a burner in the exhaust air flow and comprehensive radial openings comprehensive.

By the EP 0 436 113 A1 discloses a burner of a furnace, which in addition to fresh air from the burner recirculated flue gas is supplied.

The invention has for its object to provide a device with an industrial plant and a Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The achievable with the present invention consist in particular that a post-combustion of exhaust air is possible, which works very effective and energy efficient and yet meets high standards in terms of pollutant levels. For high efficiency contributes, for example, a preheating nachverbrennenden the exhaust air to z. As temperatures> 500 ° C and / or for the mixing of the exhaust air to be cleaned with the fuel gases favorable flow guidance of the exhaust air and / or fuel flows.

Of particular advantage for the execution of a Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung is therefore z. As a preheating of the exhaust air to be cleaned in combination, preferably in conjunction with a burner specifically designed for this purpose.

For example, overheating and damaging the burner wall is prevented by a special air duct in the burner or burner cone, without the mixing and thus the effectiveness of the afterburning being impaired. By a tangential air inlet and / or fußgrundseitig konusmantelnah predominantly axially entering air inlet and / or a specific actual or effective conicity, for example in a range for the opening angle within the angular range of z. B. 10 ° to 30 °, in particular 14 ° to 24 °, or an area for the inclination of the cone wall of the effective inner or actual cone within the angular range of z. B. 5 ° to 15 °, in particular 7 ° to 12 °, a Zuluftpolster on the Brennerkonusinnenwand is generated and / or obtained, so that the flame is formed in a thus formed "air basket".

Of particular advantage for the training of a -. B. the flame despite possibly additional radial air inlet stabilizing - swirl flow can be an embodiment of the burner cone with tangential Lufteintriffsöffungen. These may preferably by forming the Brennerkonusmantels or at least a portion with radial symmetry, in particular fan-like and / or twisted arrangement of several, for. B. more than two, preferably four, wall sections of a single or preferably multi-part running wall formed.

The formation of the wall protecting from excessively high temperatures air basket can advantageously be due to radial air inlet openings in the wall and / or in particular by an air inlet from the base and / or result from the cone shape or at least encouraged.

In an advantageous embodiment, with a supply air flow directed along the wall from the foot base, d. H. an annular sheath flow forming the air basket can in an advantageous development between the foot-side front end of the cone shell and an annular, the frontal burner nozzle profile surrounding additional guide element, for. B. baffle, done.

To form the air basket can instead or preferably in addition to the axial supply air flow and / or the swirl flow and / or the preferred cone geometry, d. H. the shell-like structure and / or the conicity, radial air inlet openings, for example as injector, be provided in the cone sheath. The or part of the injector openings may be variable in their degree of opening in order to adjust the air flow and the sheath flow can.

The mixing and thus the effectiveness of the afterburning alone or in particular in connection with the axial supply air flow and / or the swirl flow and / or the shell-like conical structure and / or taper and / or the radial air inlet openings in the region of the downstream cone end by near or in the Level of the output opening of the burner cone in the burner cone on the outside surrounding space projecting flow obstacles can be improved. This is especially true in connection with the annular sheath flow, which must be broken at the cone end and swirled with the rest of the supply air stream.

The burner cone can, in particular in addition to the axial supply air flow and / or the swirl flow and / or the shell-like conical structure and / or the taper and / or, the radial air inlet openings and / or the flow obstacles comprise a downstream end plate through which a necessary pressure difference in the cone interior and / or termination of tangential inlet openings is effected.

Burner and Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung are z. B. executed in such a way that during operation of the burner, the exhaust air to a temperature level of> 600 ° C, especially greater 650 ° C, preferably> 700 ° C, z. B. about 750 ° C are heated at which the pollutants, eg. As hydrocarbons, decompose with the oxygen from the exhaust air in CO / CO ₂ and water.

As exhaust air to be understood here, for example, exhaust or exhaust gas streams, the z. B. a significant and / or compared to the z. B. in Germany applicable limits contains increased hydrocarbon load. For example, the exhaust gas or exhaust air stream to be treated and / or surrounding the burner cone contains at least 5 g / m ³ of hydrocarbon compounds.

In an advantageous development of the post-combustion device, a heat exchange is provided in the clean gas flow, by means of which thermal energy can be delivered to a fluid flow for a process or for heating the system which delivers the exhaust air to be purified.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer einer industriellen Anlage nachgeordneten Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

einer schematische Darstellung eines vorderen Teils der Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung mit einem Brenner;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht von schräg vorne für eine Ausführung des Brenners;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Rückansicht für eine Ausführung des Brenners;

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht für eine Ausführung des Brenners;

Fig. 7

eine schematische Prinzipskizze für a) einen ersten und b) einen zweiten Schnitt durch die Wandung des Brenners;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Schnittansicht im Längsschnitt durch den Brenner im Bereich einer Austrittsöffnung der Brennstoffdüse;

Fig. 9

eine leicht perspektivische Ansicht von vorne für eine Ausführung des Brenners.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an industrial plant downstream Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung;

Fig. 2

an enlarged view of the post-combustion device Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a front part of the afterburner with a burner;

Fig. 4

a perspective view obliquely from the front for an embodiment of the burner;

Fig. 5

a rear perspective view of an embodiment of the burner;

Fig. 6

a side view of an embodiment of the burner;

Fig. 7

a schematic diagram for a) a first and b) a second section through the wall of the burner;

Fig. 8

a schematic sectional view in longitudinal section through the burner in the region of an outlet opening of the fuel nozzle;

Fig. 9

a slightly perspective view from the front for a version of the burner.

A device 01 for thermal aftertreatment, in particular for post-combustion, of a gaseous, for example polluted fluid stream 02, z. B. a Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung 01, comprises a liquid or preferably gaseous fuel 03 can be operated or operated burner 04, in particular a fuel supply 07, z. B. fuel nozzle 07, and a so-called. Brennerkonus 06 comprehensive cone burner 04, which projects with at least its burner cone 06 in the flow path of the fluid stream to be treated 02, in particular exhaust air stream 02, and / or arranged in this. About the fuel nozzle 07 is the preferred gaseous fuel 03, z. As natural gas, propane or LPG, can be fed into the space surrounded by torch cone 06 (see, for example, US Pat. Fig. 1 . Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 ).

For the sake of simplicity, the term "exhaust air" for the gaseous fluid to be purified here is intended to mean both a fluid actually present as process exhaust air or "cold exhaust gas" and a "hot" exhaust gas, unless it is deliberately differentiated at the relevant point. In particular, be understood as a combustion exhaust gas and thermally treated by post-combustion fluid or a present as exhaust air or exhaust stream 02 fluid flow 02. The also referred to as raw gas, not yet thermally treated by post-combustion "exhaust" comes z. B. from one of the device 01 based on the exhaust air to be treated upstream (or upstream) upstream, especially industrial plant 12. For example, this actually comes as exhaust air, z. B. as polluted indoor air or process exhaust air, from a plant room or process of a trained as a production and / or processing plant 12 system 12 or as combustion exhaust gas from a combustion chamber of a running as a combustion plant 12 system 12th

In the thermal aftertreatment, the polluted exhaust air is heated by an open flame and oxidizable pollutants, such as hydrocarbons, at high temperatures, eg. As temperatures> 600 ° C, especially greater than 650 ° C, preferably> 700 ° C, oxidized. For example, hydrocarbons are oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. The oxygen required for this purpose, for example, as a component of the raw gas to be purified carried by this and / or delivered. In contrast to burner systems, such as those used in energy production, the burner 04 is here z. B. not specifically with - in particular compressed - ambient air (ie, a low-pollution clean air gas mixture) fed, but is located in an atmosphere formed by exhaust air or environment with z. B. a hydrocarbon concentration of at least or more than 0.5 g / m ³ (25 ° C, 1013 mbar), in particular of at least 1.0 g / m ³ . D. h., The burner 04 is in addition to the fuel rohgasseitig 03 only a polluted, but an oxygen content of z. B. at least 5%, preferably at least 10% entrained exhaust air supplied with a hydrocarbon load of at least 0.5 g / m ³ .

Downstream of the afterburning, a clean gas flow 08 comprising the thermally aftertreated raw gas stream 02 leaves the postcombustion device 01. In a first, least expensive and not explicitly shown embodiment of the afterburner device 01, the burner 04 or its burner cone 06 can be fed directly into a pipe section of the exhaust air flow 02 protrude the system 12 laxative pipeline or be provided in such a pipe section. This pipe section can be widened like a chamber in terms of its cross section with respect to a raw gas inlet and a clean gas side outlet section of the pipeline.

In a preferred embodiment with regard to handling and / or modularity and / or efficiency, the burner 04 is part of a device 01 formed as an independent post-combustion unit 01 and protrudes with at least the burner cone 06 into an exhaust air to be treated inside the unit 01 Raw gas room 09 into it. The raw gas space 09 surrounding the burner cone 06 is adjoined downstream by a combustion chamber 11 into whose inlet a downstream outlet opening 13 of the burner cone 06 opens and which one or more parallel outlet openings 14; 16 has for the exit of the afterburned clean gas from the combustion chamber 11.

The inlet opening of the combustion chamber 11 and the burner cone 06 at the level of the outlet opening 13 are z. B. dimensioned and arranged relative to each other, that between the outer circumference ausgansseitig defining edge of the burner cone 06 and the inlet opening-defining edge of an inlet-side, in particular end-side, combustion chamber wall 17 an entrance slit 18 is formed, through which raw gas from the raw gas space 09 directly, ie without first entering a trained inside the burner cone 06 Vormischkammer the burner cone 06 can flow into the combustion chamber 11. This entrance slit 18 can as a - possibly up to a few places between the burner cone 06 and the combustion chamber 11 arranged supporting and / or holding elements - continuously circulating or as a total of z. B. over an angular range of at least 270 °, preferably at least 300 ° of the circumference reaching free entrance gap 18 be executed. The plane of the inlet opening into the combustion chamber 11 and the plane of the outlet opening 13 of the burner cone 06 need not but can fall together. However, they can also be mutually spaced parallel to each other and in the axial direction of the burner 04, whereby the flat in the event of collapse, the Brennerkonusrand circumferential gap cross-sectional area in the axially offset case forms a frustoconical surface.

The provided in the interior of the Nachverbrennungsaggregat 01 Rohgasraum 09, in particular a Rohgaseintritt 19 of the Nachverbrennungsaggregates 01, the fluid to be cleaned 02 can be supplied as Rohgasstrom 02 upstream or Rohgasseitig from the system 12 via a corresponding pipeline.

In a simple embodiment variant, the raw gas inlet 16 can lead directly into the raw gas space 09 surrounding the burner cone 06.

In an energetically advantageous variant, however, the feed into the raw gas space 09 takes place via a flow guide along a route section through a flow cross section 21 which is bounded at least on one side by the outside of a combustion chamber wall 22, in particular a longitudinal combustion chamber wall 22. For the preferred case of a cylindrical combustion chamber 11th and a combustion chamber 11 at least over the length of the combustion chamber 11 concentrically surrounding this cylindrical shell 23, z. B. outer shell 23 of the Nachverbrennungsaggregates 01, 21 may be formed as a flow cross section 21 on at least one section of an annular annular gap. This can - up to possibly provided support and / or holding elements between the combustion chamber 11 and shell 23 - as reaching over the entire circumference of the circumference or z. B. as a total of at least 80%, preferably at least 90% of the undisturbed annular surface engaging free flow cross-section be formed. When flowing along the combustion chamber outer wall 22, exhaust air of the exhaust air stream 02 which is subsequently to be burned further downstream can absorb energy in the form of heat by exchanging heat with the combustion chamber outer wall 22.

Instead of the heat exchange with the combustion chamber outer wall 22 or preferably additionally, upstream of the raw gas space 09, preferably upstream of the burner chamber outer wall 22 extending, z. B. annular, flow cross-section 21, in Rohgasweg a heat exchanger 24 for the recuperative heat exchange, z. B. in a design as a tube bundle heat exchanger 24 with a plurality of parallel-flow tubes 26, be provided through which a heat exchange between already nachverbranntem hot clean gas of the clean gas flow 08 and still to be purified raw gas of the crude gas stream 02 takes place or can be done. The heat exchanger 24 may in principle be structurally integrated as a separate unit upstream of the device 01 or, preferably, in the post-combustion unit 01 and downstream of the raw gas inlet 19 in the flow path.

In this case, the raw gas can in principle either be guided in the tubes 22 of the heat exchanger 24 or, preferably, the tubes 26 of the heat exchanger 21 flow around on the outside. Conversely, the clean gas can flow around the tubes 26 of the heat exchanger 21 on the outside or else preferably be guided in the parallel tubes 22 of the heat exchanger 24 to a common collection and discharge space 27, before the clean gas flow 08 leaves the device 01 through a clean gas outlet 28.

In the illustrated advantageous embodiment, the unpurified exhaust air is passed over the tube bundle of the heat exchanger 24 in the cross / counterflow. The exhaust air is preheated and flows in the outer annular gap 21 around the combustion chamber 11 to the other end of the combustion chamber 11, where it is deflected in the direction of the burner 04. A portion of the exhaust air flows in an advantageous, explained in more detail embodiment, from the side and / or from the upstream end side by the burner 04 itself and also serves as an oxygen supplier for combustion in the burner 04, another part flows on the burner 04th Passing through the example, annular inlet gap 18 in the combustion chamber 11. Both parts are then with the hot burned exhaust / gas mixture from the burner cone 06 to a desired temperature of z. B.> 700 ° C, z. B. 720 to 750 ° C, mixed. The noxious gases contained in the unburned exhaust air (mainly hydrocarbons) then burn in the combustion chamber to CO ₂ and water as soon as they have reached the desired reaction temperature. The turbulence in and the geometric design of the combustion chamber 11 is advantageously dimensioned such that the residence time in the combustion chamber 11, z. B. at least 0.5 s, designed so that the proportions of the legally permitted residual contents of CO, NO _x and unburned hydrocarbons are exceeded. The burnt, purified exhaust air then flows through the tubes of the heat exchanger 24 and gives off a large part of their heat to the inflowing unpurified exhaust air.

In addition to the tubes 26 of the heat exchanger 24 a -. B. centrally extending - bypass guide 29 with an example by means of an actuating means 34, for example an actuator 34, via an actuating element 31, z. B. an adjustable flap 31, be provided remotely variable flow rate. As a result, for example, the heating of the raw gas can be varied within limits.

In order to promote the nachverbrennende raw gas through the Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung 01 can in the Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung 01 or in the raw gas stream 02 leading to the post-combustion device 01 pipeline, a gas conveyor 32, for. B. designed as a fan, as a compressor or as a pump conveyor, be provided.

In a instead of or preferably in addition to the heat exchanger 24 provided embodiment of the afterburning 01 or 01 comprising the device exhaust treatment can downstream of the preferably with or optionally without heat exchanger 24 formed Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung 01 a device for heat recovery 33 may be provided in the flow path of the clean gas stream 08. In principle, the heat recovery can be based on any technology, but is preferably recuperative with a heat over a heat exchanger 36 between the still hot clean gas flow 08 and a fluid of Nutzwärmeseitigen heat transfer fluid flow 37, z. B. a Heizfluidkreislaufs 37, executed. Although the device for heat recovery 33 may in principle also be structurally integrated in the post-combustion device 01 configured as an assembly 01, it is preferably configured as an independent sub-assembly 33 of the post-combustion device 01 in a system for exhaust air treatment. It may, for example, a heat dissipation via, for example, the flow guidance by means of an actuating means 38, for example an actuator 38, via an adjusting element 39, z. B. a system adjustable flaps 39, be remotely variable. Thus, the temperature of the device for heat recovery 33 leaving clean gas flow 08 ', which, for example, downstream of z. B. is to give a fireplace 41 to the environment is varied within limits. This may possibly be necessary to comply with the dew point limit to be observed for the chimney flue.

For the above-mentioned embodiments and expansion variants of the device 01 for thermal aftertreatment and / or a post-combustion device 01 Comprehensive exhaust air treatment designed as a cone burner 04 burner 04 is formed according to the invention in an embodiment variant described below with one or more of the particularly advantageous embodiment features set out below.

The term "burner cone" 06 does not refer to a cone as a body in terms of its geometric meaning with a regular and z. B. uninterrupted shell-side surface of revolution, but - as usual in connection with cone burners in linguistic usage - a one- or multi-part component, which in the cross-sectional area to the outlet funnel-shaped opening premixing chamber 42 laterally limiting one or more parts, possibly through air passage openings to the outside broken cone shell 43 or, hereinafter also referred to as wall 43 or wall structure 43 includes (see, eg. 4 and FIG. 5 ). This at least in a longitudinal section funnel-shaped in the direction of the outlet opening of the burner cone 06 towards opening z. B. wall 43 or wall structure 43 may in one or more perpendicular to the axial direction of the burner 04 cross-sectional views form a deviating from the circle irregular and possibly interrupted locally broken inner circumference line (see, eg. Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 ). The space surrounded by the burner cone 06 or its wall 43 or multi-part wall structure 43 forms the premixing chamber 42, in which (residual) oxygen-containing exhaust gas and the fuel 03 can mix.

n > 1), z. B. zumindest zweifach, radiärsymmetrisch ausgebildeten Brennerkonus 06 gegeben. Stromauf- und/oder-abseitig dieses sich öffnenden Längsabschnittes muss der Brennerkonus 06 nicht, kann aber - was zumindest die den Innenraum begrenzende Seite seiner Wandung 43 bzw. Wandstriktur 43 betrifft - ebenfalls in o. g. Weise symmetrisch, z. B. zumindest radiärsymmetrisch, ausgebildet sein. Auch kann der Brennerkonus 06 der Einfachheit halber über die Gestaltung der Innenwandseite hinaus - ggf. bis auf strömungstechnisch irrelevante Anbauten wie z. B. Befestigungen oder benötigte Elektronik und/oder Sensorik - insgesamt baulich symmetrisch, z. B. zumindest radiärsymmetrisch, um die Symmetrieachse S ausgeführt sein. Als Radiärsymmetrie bzw. Drehsymmetrie ist hierbei eine Form der Symmetrie zu verstehen, bei der die Drehung eines Objektes um einen gewissen Winkel um eine Symmetrieachse das Objekt wieder mit sich selbst zur Deckung bringt. Bei einer n-zähligen Radiär- oder Drehsymmetrie bildet eine Drehung um 360°/n das Objekt auf sich selbst ab.The axial direction of the burner 04 is z. B. by the course of a center of gravity or symmetry axis S of at least in a funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section with respect to its interior limiting side of its wall rotationally symmetric or at least n-fold ( $\mathrm{n}\in \mathrm{IN}.$

n> 1), z. B. at least twice, radiärsymmetrisch trained burner cone 06 given. Upstream and / or side of this opening longitudinal section of the burner cone 06 does not have, but can - which is at least the interior of the limiting side of its wall 43 or Wandstriktur 43 relates - also in the above manner symmetrical, z. B. at least radially symmetrical, be formed. Also, the burner cone 06 for the sake of simplicity on the design of the inner wall side addition - possibly up to aerodynamically irrelevant attachments such. As attachments or required electronics and / or sensors - overall structurally symmetric, z. B. at least radially symmetrical to be executed about the axis of symmetry S. As radial symmetry or rotational symmetry is here to understand a form of symmetry in which the rotation of an object by a certain angle about an axis of symmetry brings the object again with itself to cover. With an n-fold radial or rotational symmetry, a rotation of 360 ° / n forms the object on itself.

The fuel nozzle 07 comprises at least one fuel outlet 44 for delivering the z. B. liquid or preferably gaseous fuel 03 into the interior of the burner cone 06 formed premixing chamber 42. The fuel nozzle 07 can basically be performed in any geometry with one or more directed toward the premixing chamber openings 44 as an outlet or outlets. However, it is preferably - at least in the region of its cone-shaped end portion - tubular and designed with a frontally centrally provided circular disk or annular fuel outlet 44 forming opening 44. In a variant, further, possibly smaller openings may be provided symmetrically around the central opening 44.

The fuel nozzle 07 and the burner cone 06 are viewed in the axial direction advantageously arranged such relative to each other, so that at least one foot portion of the burner cone 06, z. B. an upstream end of the wall 43 or a specially provided Konusfuß 46, which carries the upstream end of the wall 43 and the wall construction 43, the fuel nozzle 07 at least at the level of the at least one Brennstoffauslasses, but preferably on a fuel outlet upstream extending longitudinal section , z. B. in the manner of a cuff surrounds.

The term upstream, upstream, downstream and downstream refers to the axially-oriented flow direction of the fuel in the outlet region of the fuel nozzle 07, unless stated otherwise or obviously different.

In the event of a specially provided cone foot 46, this forms the upstream end of the burner cone 06 and carries the one- or multi-part cone shell-side wall 43 or wall structure 43. Otherwise, the upstream end of the burner cone 06 by the upstream end of the wall 43 and the Wandkonstriktion 43 formed.

Irrespective of the designation, the conical base 46 may be structurally attributable to the fuel nozzle 07, with a detachment between the cone foot 46 and the wall 43 or wall structure 43 taking place to remove the premixing chamber 42. Conversely, however, the conical base 46 may be structurally attributable to the burner cone 06, wherein the torch cone 06 is removed by loosening the cone foot 46 carrying the wall 43 or wall structure 43 from the burner nozzle 07 or an attachment 47 of the burner nozzle 07 between the fuel nozzle 07 and Konusfuß 46 takes place. In addition, for further disassembly of the burner 04, the cone foot 46 can also be detachably connected to the wall 43 or wall structure 43.

The bottom of the foot 49 may be formed by the Konusinnern facing side of a designed as a closure ring or spoke ring cone 46, viewed in the circumferential direction of the fuel nozzle 07 a plurality of predominantly extending in the axial direction and / or a predominant axial flow permitting bushings 48 -. B. between spoke-like support elements remaining open areas or introduced into a ring axial openings - have. Basically, the footing 49 also by a completely open space between the upstream end of the wall 43 and the fuel nozzle 07 may be formed at the axial height or axially upstream of the fuel nozzle end, if the cone 06, for example, not at the burner nozzle 07 or this storm upstream weitersetzenden pipe section, but from the outside, z. B. is attached to a Abgaskamme- or combustion chamber wall.

Preferably, in the front foot base 49 of the burner or torch cone 06, a plurality of feedthroughs 48 are provided around the fuel nozzle 07 and / or at least about their projection along the symmetry axis S in the plane perpendicular to the symmetry axis S. The bushings 49 are z. B. such that they cause the exit of the exhaust air into the cone interior in a predominantly axial flow.

In an advantageous embodiment, the cone foot 46 is formed by a component in the manner of a face plate with a preferably annular, for example, the preferred tubular fuel nozzle 07 receiving in the assembled state receiving opening and z. B. releasably connected to the fuel nozzle 07 non-positively and / or positively. The Konusfuß 46 is preferably designed annular and may be formed in the manner of a clamping ring set, wherein one of the two clamping rings, the wall 43 and wall structure 43 carries and frictionally connected by a clamping ring with the fuel nozzle 07 on the outer circumference.

Preferably, the cone foot 46 by a front plate z. B. in execution of a flange 46, in particular flange rings 46, formed with beispielsweiser annular recess which arranged with a, for example, on the circumference of the fuel nozzle 07 with a flush or preferably with an offset to the nozzle end side of the fuel nozzle 07, as flange 47, in particular flange 47th , trained attachment 47 is connectable (see eg Fig. 8 ). The z. B. designed as a clamping ring or flange 46 cone base 46 is preferably arranged in the assembled state with its circular opening centric to the axial direction of the burner 04.

The wall 43 or the wall construction 43 is arranged with its upstream end at least on part of the circumference in sections, advantageously predominantly, preferably radially spaced over the entire peripheral area to the lateral surface of the particular tubular burner nozzle 07, so that between the upstream end of the wall 43 and the wall construction 43 at least in the circumferential direction of the burner nozzle 07 sections, but preferably - except for possibly provided support and / or holding elements - fully in the radial direction, a gap with a distance d, z. B. a distance d of at least 1 mm, advantageously of at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm between the combustion nozzle 07 and the wall 43 or wall construction 43 is present. Possibly. can in this end an annular and z. B. except for possibly provided support and / or holding elements freely or partially permeable space between the burner nozzle shell and wall 43 or wall construction 43 with a ring width of z. B. at least 1 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm, are present. The optionally interrupted free space in this case represents a through-flow of fluid in an end footing 49 of Brennerkonus 06. The bottom 49 denotes the narrower upstream end of the Brennerkonus 06, which surrounds the downstream end of the fuel nozzle 07 and the latter together forms the upstream end of the premixing clip 42.

For the execution of a specially provided - in particular the tubular burner nozzle 07 embracing - cone 46 carries this the upstream end of the wall 43 and the wall construction 43 at least on a part of the circumference in sections, advantageously predominantly, preferably in the entire peripheral region radially spaced from the lateral surface of the particular tubular burner nozzle 07, so that on the premix chamber facing side of the cone foot at least in the circumferential direction of the burner nozzle 07 sections, but preferably fully a distance d in the radial direction, z. B. a distance d of at least 1 mm, advantageous of at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm between the combustion nozzle 07 and the wall 43 or wall construction 43 is present.

In an advantageous and illustrated embodiment is also in the version with specially provided Konusfuß 46 in this end an annular space between the burner nozzle shell and the upstream end of the wall 43 and the wall construction 43 with a ring width of z. B. at least 1 mm, preferably at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm before. In a preferred embodiment are in Konusfuß 46 in the circumferential direction a plurality of opening into the gap, z. B. as air inlet nozzles 48 effective bushings 48 are provided. The passages 48 open in the interior of the premixing chamber in the base 49 or on the bottom 49 delimiting front chamber side end of the trained especially in the manner of a face plate cone foot 46, within the circumference surrounded by the upstream end of the wall 43.

The bushings 48 end, for example, z. B. coming from the upstream end side of the Konusfußes 46 forth, formed in a between the upstream end of the wall 43 and wall construction 43 and the Brenstoffdüsenmantel space.

The bushings can basically any, z. B. as round holes or in the form of spaces formed by spoke-like struts. In an advantageous embodiment, they are designed as slit-like channels in a rectangular shape, which establishes a guided flow for the purpose of forming an air cushion or basket on the wall inside.

The burner 04 advantageously has at least one opening of the at least one space 09 surrounding the burner 04, preferably leading into the cone interior at the front side Feedthrough 48 (as an open ring or as a plurality of feedthroughs 48) preferably in an upstream foot section at the axial height or upstream of the downstream end of the fuel nozzle 07, ie, depending on how it is carried out, its raw or outlet port 14.

The without specially provided cone foot 46 z. B. annular possibly open up to support and / or holding elements or by the cone foot 46 entirely or preferably only partially completed upstream end of the burner cone 06 and the burner cone 06 formed by the premixing chamber is also referred to as the bottom 49 of the burner cone 06 and is in a preferred embodiment of gaseous fluid, for example, exhaust air from the raw gas space 09, flowed through. A flow through the foot base 49 can in this case take place with the flow component running predominantly in the axial direction of the burner 04, ie. h., The vector characterizing the flow has in the axial direction the direction component which is larger compared to a radial component. A flow through the foot base 49 in the axial direction without a significant radial component is preferred. For the o. G. Case of a specially provided cone foot 46, the exhaust air flows as supply air through the passages 48 in the cone base 46, otherwise by the sectionally or fully free space between wall 43 and wall construction 43 and burner nozzle shell.

In the embodiment with a trained in the manner of a flange 46 cone foot 46 of this fastening means 49, z. B. via a screw 49, arranged with the arranged on the fuel nozzle 07 extension 47, z. B. flange 47, be connected. This attachment 47 is designed in the case of the foot-side flow-through with a flow through the bushings enabling structure, z. B. also to the bushings 48 aligned recesses or passages 52nd

The burner 04 is thus in the result between the upstream end of the on or multi-part wall of the burner cone 06 and the outer circumference of the surrounding of a foot portion of the burner cone 06 burner nozzle 07 at the level or upstream of the fuel nozzle orifice formed with a at least predominantly in the axial direction of gaseous fluid to flow through the bottom 49. The predominantly axially extending lead-through 48 preferably leads from an end-side opening to the environment to the mouth lying in the bottom 49.

In a particularly advantageous further development of the burner design which can be flowed through in the region of the foot base 49, a completely continuous or partially multi-part guide element 51 can be arranged radially between the at least one fuel outlet and the bushings on a radially inner circle lying opposite the mouth of the one or more base-side bushings 48 , By the guide element 51 and the relevant section flowing through the respective passage 48 fluid, z. As exhaust gas, directed in a direction inclined to the symmetry axis S direction in the direction of the funnel-shaped opening wall 43 and forms at this a sheath flow. Through all-round bushings 48 in conjunction with a partially or continuously arranged over the circumference guide element 51, z. B. baffle 51, an annular sheath flow from the fluid, z. As the exhaust gas from the raw gas space 09, which protects the wall 43 from overheating by direct action of the burner flame. The guide element 51 is preferably formed as a fully extending guide plate 51 and is formed for example in the form of a truncated cone opening which opens downstream in the axial direction. The measured against the symmetry axis inclination angle (= half the opening angle) of z. B. konstumpfmantelartig shaped baffle 51 should in the range of the opening for the cone portion preferred angle range, for. B. in the range of 10 ° to 20 °, in particular 12 to 16 °. The guide element 51 formed in particular as a guide plate 51 extends in the axial direction z. B. at least from the height of the downstream end of the fuel nozzle 07 shell side limiting Pipe piece forth over at least a length of 10 mm, preferably at least 20 mm. Thus, after the leakage of the fluid z. B. axially present flow direction can be effectively directed towards the wall.

For the case of a burner cone 06, the opening portion of which begins after a straight input section, the baffle 51 should initially extend tubular over the length of the straight entrance section and following the bend of the wall 43 still over at least 10 mm, preferably at least 20 mm ,

The stated embodiment with foot-side through-flow already causes a considerable improvement of a burner 04 for the afterburning of exhaust gases, but can in combination with an embodiment of the embodiment of the cone shell 43 set out below with regard to the radiärsymmetrischen and / or chordal configuration and / or conicity and / or in connection with an embodiment of the turbulence further favoring embodiment of the downstream cone edge to be particularly advantageous.

As already explained above, the burner cone 06 as a one-part or multi-part component comprises a premixing chamber 42 opening funnel-shaped on at least one longitudinal cone section in the cross-sectional area. The burner cone 06 or its wall 43 projects on the fuel outlet 44 in the axial direction of the fuel outlet 44 Burner 04 downstream, funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section, a portion of the premixing chamber with a with increasing distance from the fuel outlet steadily increasing, measured perpendicular to the axial direction flow cross-sectional area surrounded and / or enveloped.

The torch cone 06 can, as shown here in the example, on its entire length - for example, except for a possibly provided specifically for holding the cone foot 46 and / or a possibly specifically for stability and / or functional reasons provided closing element 53 - be funnel-shaped opening. In an unillustrated embodiment, it may comprise an input section of constant cross-sectional area with a correspondingly shaped wall and / or an output section of constant cross-sectional area with a correspondingly shaped wall.

In an alternative embodiment, the burner cone 06 downstream of the funnel-shaped opening section may have a re-tapered section.

Basically, the wall 43 or wall construction 43 in a first embodiment - as far as the inner wall surface area - in at least the opening cone longitudinal section in one piece and / or rotationally symmetrical about the coincidence with the axis of symmetry axial direction of the burner 04 may be executed. This may also be the case irrespective of possibly provided air passage openings for the wall 43, which may then be interrupted at certain points. In this radially symmetric special case of a radial symmetry for the wall 43 or wall structure 43 of the burner cone 06, this runs in axially spaced sections on circular lines of varying radii, the space surrounded by the wall 43 or wall structure 43 having the shape of a truncated cone in the opening longitudinal cone section and can accommodate such a (virtual) truncated cone which is in full contact with the wall 43.

n ≥ 2), zumindest mit einer Anzahl von mindestens 2, d. h. n ≥ 2, vorteilhaft mit einer Anzahl von mehr als zwei, , d. h. n > 2, insbesondere mit einer Anzahl von mindestens 4, d. h. n ≥ 4, bevorzugt vier, d. h. n = 4, auf und/oder ist mit n radiärsymmetrisch um die die Symmetrieachse S bildende Axialrichtung angeordneten, beispielsweise schalenartigen Wandabschnitten 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4, z. B. sog. Konusflügeln 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 oder kurz Flügeln 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4, beispielsweise als n "n-telschalen", bevorzugt vier Viertelschalen, ausgebildet.In an advantageous second embodiment for the wall jacket surface of the wall 43 or wall construction 43 of the burner cone 06, the latter has at least in the funnel-shaped conical longitudinal section a wall structure which is n-fold radiatively symmetrical with respect to the axial direction relative to the premix chamber (with n $\mathrm{n}\in \mathrm{IN}.$

n ≥ 2), at least with a number of at least 2, ie n ≥ 2, advantageously with a number of more than two, ie n> 2, in particular with a number of at least 4, ie n ≥ 4, preferably four, ie n = 4, on and / or is with n radially symmetric around the Symmetryeachse S forming axial direction arranged, for example, shell-like wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4, z. B. so-called conical wings 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 or briefly wings 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4, for example as "n-shell", preferably four quarter shells trained.

In a special case of the second embodiment with radial symmetry for the wall 43 or wall structure 43 of the burner cone 06, in a first variant, the individual shell-like wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of the multi-part wall construction 43 when trained as truncated cone shells with their considered in cross-section lines on circular lines or training as Pyramidenstupfseiten with their cross-sectional lines on a closed polygonal pyramidal base arranged, with the wall 43 and wall structure 43 surrounded space in itself opening cone longitudinal section in the first case has the shape of a truncated cone and in the second case of an m-side truncated pyramid (here then with n = m). In both cases, this by the wall 43 or wall structure 43 defined interior thus accommodate a maximum (virtual) truncated cone, in the first case areal with the entire wall 43 surrounding the interior or wall structure 43 and in the second case along the line Side heights of the truncated cone sides is in touching contact with these.

Whether in rotationally symmetrical or in non-rotationally symmetrical, merely radially symmetrical design of the opening cone section, in an advantageous embodiment, the wall 43 or wall construction 43 surrounding and / or enveloping the burner cone 06 on the entire or at least part of the funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section in FIG Axial direction perpendicular cross-section considered at least one interruption, in particular a plurality of interruptions 54, z. As air or exhaust air inlet openings 54, through which to be treated exhaust air from the space surrounding the burner can flow into the burner interior.

In a preferred embodiment, these exhaust air or air inlet openings 54 are formed as radially outwardly from the circumferential line elevating tangential inlet openings 54 for a tangential air inlet of the burner cone 06 surrounding air or exhaust air. These tangential inlet openings 54, which are preferably slit-shaped or slit-shaped in the longitudinal direction of the burner 06, are preferably formed by the fact that the inlet opening 54 between adjacent peripheral sections of a single- or multi-part wall 43, respectively, forms at the axial height of a relevant inlet opening 54 in the circumferential direction Wall construction 43 with respect to the axis of symmetry S radially spaced from each other. Basically, these inlet openings 54 by the corresponding configuration of peripheral portions with openings and shaping of a one-piece wall 43 or preferably by the geometric arrangement of individual wall sections wall portions 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 be formed. When forming a negative pressure in the cone interior, only air with at least one significant tangential component can then be sucked through the inlet openings 54.

Whether in rotationally symmetrical or in non-rotationally symmetrical, merely radial symmetrical design of the opening cone section is a concrete or effective "inner" - conicity (ie the maximum in the opening section truncated cone) with an inclination angle φ against the burner axis or symmetry axis S (= eg half opening angle) of 5 ° to 15 °, in particular of 7 ° to 12 °, of particular aerodynamic advantage. In this case, the inner wall of the wall 43 or wall structure 43 of the burner cone 06, which delimits the premix chamber on the outside, is formed at least in the funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section in its shape and structure for receiving a maximum (virtual) cone stump of the largest possible cross-sectional profile, which is defined thereby in that it has at least two axially spaced-apart cross-sectional planes, each at least three in the circumferential direction spaced apart locations, wherein in a the axis of symmetry S comprehensive sectional plane of the burner cone 06 projected, extending in the truncated cone shell in the longitudinal direction of the burner surface generatrix of this maximum virtual straight truncated cone with the axial direction or symmetry axis S an inclination angle of 5 ° to 15 °, in particular from 7 ° to 12 °, preferably from 10 ° ± 1 °, forms.

In a here shown and preferred second variant of the second embodiment for the execution of the wall 43 or wall structure 43 of Brennerkonus 06 with n-zählig radiärsymmetrischem circumferential course follow in the opening cone longitudinal section considered in the axial direction perpendicular to the cross-section through the individual wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 a one- or in particular multi-part design of the wall 43 formed peripheral portions u1; u2; u.3; u.4, in contrast to the first variant, at least not over its entire length of a same circle K1; K2; K1 '; K2 'or closed Polygenzug, but are in their adjacent peripheral portion ends of two circumferentially adjacent wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 radially offset from one another. Due to the radial offset of the contiguous, for example in the angular range about the axis of symmetry S overlapping considered or at least continuously contiguous adjacent peripheral portion ends tangential air or exhaust air inlet openings 54 are formed through which a spin is excited in the cone interior.

The burner cone 06 thus preferably comprises at least in the funnel-shaped opening Brennerkonusabschnitt the wall 43 n, z. B. more than two or even at least four by the example fan-like arrangement of preferably (partially) shell-like wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 formed, in the circumferential direction spaced apart and radially each from the preceding circumferential shell section in particular outwardly - radially rising tangential inlet openings 54 for a tangential air inlet of the burner cone 06 surrounding exhaust air.

In a special advantageous embodiment of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 the second variant with shell-like, z. B. truncated cone shell-shaped or truncated pyramidal side or otherwise, shaping the n are radially symmetrically offset wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 is arranged rotated about a respective parallel to the axial direction or axis of symmetry S extending imaginary axis with respect to a closed truncated cone shell structure or pyramidal stump sheath structure forming orientation. The axes cut z. B. in this case all a concentric about the axis of symmetry S extending circular line equidistant from each other in the circumferential direction. By such a twisted arrangement of otherwise formed in the same way wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 a fan-shaped conical surface is formed in the circumferential direction.

In such an advantageous embodiment, the pitch cone axes are formed in the form of part cone shells wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 not on a common cone axis, so that the o. G. tangential inlet openings 54 in their opening cross section on the outside of the wall 43 radially each rise from the circumferentially preceded before circumferential peripheral portion.

I ≥ n, z. B. I = n*m) pyramidenstumpfförmig ausgebildeten Konusmantels ausgeführt, welche gegen eine o. g. jeweilige - z. B. zur Symmetrieachse S parallele - Achse um den selben Winkel verdreht sind. Diese Mantelsegmente 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 können in Umfangsrichtung gegenüber ihrer Länge in geschlossener Form jeweils geringfügig verlängert sein (siehe Winkel δ), damit sich die derart verdrehten Mantelsegmente 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 im Umfangswinkel bezogen auf die Symmetrieachse S zumindest direkt fortsetzen oder vorteilhaft geringfügig überlappen.In an advantageous special case of this embodiment, the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 as equally large shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of a profile closed in radial symmetry, z. B. kegelstupfmantel- or z. Eg I - fold ( $\mathrm{l}\in \mathrm{IN}.$

I ≥ n, z. B. I = n * m) executed truncated cone shaped cone shell, which against one above mentioned -. B. parallel to the axis of symmetry S - axis are rotated by the same angle. These shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 can each be extended slightly in the circumferential direction relative to their length in closed form (see angle δ), so that the thus twisted shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 in the circumferential angle with respect to the axis of symmetry S continue at least directly or advantageously slightly overlap.

In the case of the second variant in the cross-section of the opening portion not in each cross section of the opening cone section with the peripheral portions entirely on a circle K1; K2; K1 '; K2 'extending wall 43 and wall construction 43 with z. B. in a manner mentioned above fan-shaped and / or rotated on the circumference arranged wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 and / or in the event that by the shaping of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 in the circumferential direction o. G. Mantellinien different inclination occur against the axis of symmetry S, for the characterization of the conicity in a first, the strength of the radial offset of the adjacent peripheral portion ends and / or the extent of o. G. Twisting and / or twisting of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 method, which is not considered as a conical effect in the first approximation of o. G., Which is effective for the twisting motion and / or the proximity to the flame. maximum (virtual) inner Kegelstupf largest cross-sectional profile are used, as defined above in connection with the first variant. This virtual truncated cone corresponds to the objective straight truncated cone which can be introduced as far as possible into the opening cone section and at the same time can correspond to a smallest effective angle of inclination φ1 of a pointed truncated cone, as defined in the following embodiment.

For a further, possibly in addition to the characterization mentioned with the inner maximum cone of potential candidate characterization for the formation of the fan-shaped radiärsymmetrisch trained Brennerkonus 06 can a sharpest virtual truncated cone, which determines by the inwardly directed portions of the wall 43 of each wall section with the smallest inclination is, and in addition the most obtuse virtual truncated cone are used, which determines by the inwardly directed portions of the wall 43 with the greatest inclination against the axis of symmetry S. is.

Here, an embodiment of the burner cone 06 is of particular advantage, wherein the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of the burner cone 06 in the region of the premixing chamber 42 outwardly bounding wall 43 and wall construction 43 are formed at least in the - quasi funnel - opening cone longitudinal section in shape and structure such that the sharpest virtual truncated cone a cone or opening angle of at least 10 °, advantageously at least 14 °, d. H. an in this funnel-shaped opening cone longitudinal section in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone inside the same wall portion extending and least inclined to the axial surface generatrix in vertical projection on a comprehensive axial sectional plane with the axial direction an inclination angle of at least 5 °, advantageously at least 7 °, however, in this embodiment, it is below that of the blunt truncated cone. The blunt virtual truncated cone has in such an embodiment with in the circumferential direction of the shells varying inclination a maximum cone or opening angle of z. B. at most 50 °, preferably at most 40 °, on, d. h in this funnel-shaped opening cone longitudinal section in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone 06 extending inside the wall portion and most inclined to the axial direction surface line in a perpendicular projection on a comprehensive axial sectional plane with the axial direction a maximum inclination angle of z. B. at most 25 °, preferably at most 20 °, be formed.

An "average" conicity or a mean inclination angle φ *, which can be used in this way for a more precise geometric characterization, is formed, for example, by averaging. The averaging, for example, determined by integral averaging along the circumferential direction over the inclination of all surface lines, ie averaging over the respective circumferential length, corresponds to the mean value of the plane passing through the axis of symmetry S over the plane considered circumferential portion, z. B. the 360 ° circumference or surrounded by the respective wall portion angle range, on the inside of the wall 43 and wall construction 43 resulting average. This average inclination may advantageously be 10 ° to 20 °, in particular 12 ° to 17 °.

In the embodiment of the burner wall 43 with an o. Embodiment of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 in the form of mutually rotated shell segments of a radially symmetrical pyramid or truncated cone corresponds to z. For example, the integral mean is the arithmetic mean.

In the fan-like design with two generatrices of different inclinations and / or with each other about each one to the axial direction twisted shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 have the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 each in the region of a first end viewed in relation to a circumferential direction of the burner cone 06 a first in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone 06 with a against the axial direction to z. B. a first, z. B. the smaller inclination angle φ1, inclined extending generatrix and in the region of a relative to the circumferential direction of the burner core 06 second end a second in the longitudinal direction of the burner cone 06 with a stronger against the axial direction to z. B. a second, z. B. the larger inclination angle φ2, inclined extending generatrix.

In an embodiment which is advantageous for the fan-shaped embodiment, the inclinations at the two points of greatest deviation deviate by at most 5 °, advantageously by at most 3 ° from one another.

In the downstream funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section of the burner cone 06 (cone section) is thus a plurality, for. B. the number n, thus formed with the first and second ends of different inclination wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 arranged staggered in the circumferential direction of the burner cone 06 in such a way that in Circumferentially viewed a less inclined second end of a over a first angular range, z. B. 360 ° / n plus possibly a small separation δ (δ from 1 ° to 5 °), in particular 90 ° or 90 ° + δ, reaching first wall section 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 by a continuous to the first angle range with respect to the center of the burner longitudinal axis related angle or with a small angular coverage δ (overlap) subsequent to the second end of the first wall section 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 more inclined first end of a second wall section 43.2; 43.3; 43.4; 43.1; will continue. The related to the axis of symmetry S through the respective adjacent wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 angle sections covered in the circumferential direction continued at least completely or even slightly overlap in the above sense. This is a - with respect to the axis of symmetry S - purely radial flow through the between the adjacent wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 formed tangential inlet openings 54 prevented. The first end of the second wall section 43.2; 43.3; 43.4; In this case, for example, 43.1 is spaced further apart radially than the second end of the first wall section 43.1 in at least one downstream end section of the cone-shaped longitudinal section which opens in the funnel shape in the downstream direction. 43.2; 43.3; 43.4.

In the area of the cone foot 46, the fan-like adjacent cone wings 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 converge with their end sections or such as B. in an advantageous embodiment as shown radially spaced from each other to limit the cone bottom 49. In the first case, the closes between the adjacent cone wings 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 towards the bottom 49, in the preferred second case between the adjacent conical wings 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 to the bottom 49 towards a tangential air or exhaust air inlet opening 54 is formed, which, however, can taper to the bottom of the foot in its gap width.

In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 is the facts for the stated embodiment with varying Slope for the second variant illustrates, with in Fig. 7 by a schematic representation of two axially spaced-apart cross sections I - I; II - II (see eg Fig. 6 ) of the opening conical longitudinal section, an inner virtual truncated cone shell M1; M2 are indicated by the circle lines K1 and K1 ', and an outer virtual truncated cone shell by the circular lines K2 and K2' are indicated. In Fig. 6 are, for example, a rotationally symmetric Brennerkonusausführung an example of an inner virtual truncated cone smaller inclination angle φ1, which can correspond to an actual inclination angle φ as "effective" inclination angle, for example in rotational symmetry, an example of an external virtual truncated cone present greater inclination angle φ2 and a by an above Averaging exemplarily averaged averaged angle of inclination φ * indicated.

The cone 06 is preferably designed with such an effective or medium inclination, so that the resulting effective or average inner radius or diameter from the upstream end to the downstream end of the funnel-shaped cone section by a factor of 4.8 to 5.8, in particular 5 , 0 to 5.5 magnified. For example, the cone 06 at the downstream cone end of its funnel-shaped longitudinal portion with an effective or average diameter of 500 mm to 700 mm, in particular from 550 mm to 650 mm, be executed.

For the above-mentioned advantageous case of the sheath segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of a profile closed radially symmetrical cone shell - possibly with the extension in the circumferential direction to form the closed angle range and possibly an overlap - are the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 by equally large shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of a z. B. I-side straight Pyramidenstupfmantels or a straight truncated cone, the inclination of the pyramid side surfaces against the axial direction in the first case and the inclination of the truncated cone surface in the second case preferably that of the above-mentioned actual or effective angle of inclination φ corresponds, ie at 5 ° to 15 ° . in particular 7 ° to 12 °. The rotation, for example, by 3 ° to 10 °, about the respective axis causes the result of the twisting at the two peripheral ends of the shell segment 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 mutually different inclination φ1; φ2 against the symmetry axis S or the axial direction of the burner cone 06 or burner 04.

Both for the actual truncated cone in radially symmetrical design, and for the maximum virtual inner truncated cone is preferred that the Vormischkammer 42 shell side outwardly bounding inner wall 43 of the burner cone 06 at least in the funnel-shaped cone longitudinal section in their shape and structure for recording a maximum virtual Kegelstupfes greatest possible cross-sectional profile is formed, the z. B. abuts at least two axially spaced apart cross-sectional planes of at least three circumferentially spaced locations on the wall 43, and the truncated cone of this maximum virtual truncated cone in its longitudinally extending generatrix with the axis of symmetry S a constant circumferential angle of inclination of 5 ° to 15 °, preferably from 7 ° to 12 °, forms.

The ends of the circumferentially adjoining, but in the end region radially spaced shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 can be partially connected to each other via support elements 68 and thus increase the strength of the cone structure.

In principle, the n circumferential sections u1; u2; u.3; u.4 of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 or shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 viewed in the circumferential direction by a homogeneous component with a bent in the axial direction perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane without bending bent curve be formed. The burner cone 06 can downstream by a with the wall 43 and wall construction 43 - in particular material or form-fitting - connected closure member 53, z. B. a surrounding the opening end plate 53, be completed. This end plate 53 can only be embodied for stiffening and / or for forming a collar 62 or edge region 62 that surrounds the end-side outer contour of the wall 43 or wall construction 43 in a collar-like manner. Instead or in addition, the end plate 53, the z. B. slotted between the circumferentially adjacent wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 formed tangential air or exhaust air inlet openings 54 arranged downstream covering and / or executed. With a thus formed edge 62, a swirling of the entering through the entrance slit 18 into the combustion chamber 11 air or exhaust air, through an end-side cover 61 of the air or exhaust air inlet openings 54, the tangential flow may be favored.

In a principle, regardless of the other configuration of the wall 43 or wall construction 43 and / or of the foot-basic flow-through with respect to z. B. manufacturing technology advantageous, but in combination with other design features particularly advantageous embodiment of the burner cone 06 this is in the circumferential direction by a number of individual, in the circumferential direction all or group z. B. material or form-fitting connected planar segments, z. B. guide sheets, in particular flat sheet strips, formed, wherein z. B. a curvature is caused by an inclined impact of two adjacently joined segments. The all or group connected segments are z. B. in the region of the upstream end with, for example, the cone foot 46 and / or in the region of the downstream burner cone end, for example, with the closing element 53, z. B. a surrounding the opening end plate 53, - in particular material or form-fitting - connected. The end plate 53 may be designed for stiffening.

In the funnel-like opening cone section has the wall 43 and wall structure 43 in the circumferential direction a plurality of obliquely in the longitudinal direction of the burner 04 against the axial direction of the burner 04 extending planar segments, for. B. flat sheet strip on, which forms viewed in cross section chordal extending peripheral portions.

m > 1, z. B. m > 3, insbesondere n ≥ 5). Die m Segmente 43.1x; 43.2x; 43.3x; 43.4x sind untereinander und im Bereich des stromaufwärtigen Endes mit beispielsweise dem Konusfuß 46 und/oder im Bereich des stromabwärtigen Brennerkonusendes mit beispielsweise mit einem Abschlusselement 53 - insbesondere stoff- oder formschlüssig - verbunden.In a z. B. manufacturing technology advantageous embodiment for a number n of wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 comprehensive embodiment, the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 in turn in the circumferential direction by a number m of individual segments 43.1x; 43.2x; 43.3x; 43.4x (see eg Fig. 7b ), with x = 2 to m, $\mathrm{m}\in \mathrm{IN}.$

m> 1, z. B. m> 3, in particular n ≥ 5). The m segments 43.1x; 43.2x; 43.3x; 43.4x are connected to each other and in the region of the upstream end with, for example, the cone base 46 and / or in the region of the downstream burner cone end with, for example, a closure element 53, in particular a material or positive fit.

For the o. G. advantageous case of the sheath segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 formed in a closed profile radially symmetrical conical shell wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 include the n shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4, for example, a truncated pyramid in turn segments 43.1x; 43.2x; 43.3x; 43.4x, where z. B. for the inclination of the partial surfaces to apply to the inclination of the pyramid side surfaces mentioned. The cone shell is then essentially - d. H. possibly plus the above-mentioned slight addition in the circumferential direction - through the shell segments 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 of a regular or irregular truncated pyramid having I = n * m lateral faces with I identical or at least partially geometrically different pyramidal duping sides.

In a basically independent of the other embodiment of the wall 43 or wall construction 43 and / or from the fußgrundseitigen Durchströmbarkeit and / or by a Verwirbelungshilfe described below with respect to z. B. strömungsstechnisch advantageous, but in combination with other design features particularly advantageous embodiment of the burner cone 06, the wall 43 or wall construction 43 in its interior enclosing wall surface of possibly tangential air inlet openings 54 different axial air or exhaust air inlet openings 56; 57 include, which as z. B. round holes 56 or formed as a slit-like profile recesses 57 are formed and at least by fluid with a purely radially to the symmetry axis S directed flow direction can be flowed through. Both types of air or exhaust air inlet openings 56; 57 may be provided. Furthermore, exhaust air inlet openings 56; 57, preferably slit-like exhaust air inlet openings 57, with edge-side outwardly spread part covers, 58, z. B. flaps 58 may be provided. These flaps 58 may, for example, substantially the shape of the respective exhaust air inlet openings 56; 57 correspond and for adjusting the passing air or exhaust air flow in the inclination to the surrounding closed lateral surface changeable, z. B. at the on one side of the exhaust air inlet opening 56; 57 edge of the flap 58 existing connection bendable be.

The radial air or exhaust air inlet openings 56; 57 in the wall 43 and wall construction 43 are effective as Zuluftinjektoren and also contribute on the inside wall side to the formation of the air cushion or basket and / or to the oxygen supply.

Basically independent, advantageous in combination of one or more of the above advantageous design features of the burner 04 is the execution of the turbulence of the outside on the burner 04 flowing past fluid stream, in particular exhaust air stream 02, favoring embodiment of the viewed in the axial direction of the burner 04 downstream end of the cone with several out through the frontal Contour of the one or more part cone jacket 43 surrounding the premix chamber and possibly the cover 61 protruding in the plane of the outlet opening 13 of the burner cone 06 into the space surrounding the burner cone 06, in particular into the inlet gap 18 downstream of the downstream Combustion chamber 11, extending in the circumferential direction of the Brennerkonus 06 spaced apart first and / or second flow obstructions 59; 63; 64; 66. These can basically be formed or fastened directly in the region of the front end on the wall of the wall 43 forming the cone shell or wall construction 43 itself.

The flow obstacles 59; 63; 64; 66 have the function to effectively mix the hot combustion gases from the flame with the outside of the burner 04 through the inlet gap 18 passing into the combustion chamber 11 incoming air. The inclined or just to the plane of the outlet opening 16 extending, z. B. as a guide vanes 59; 63; 64; 66 trained flow obstacles 59; 63; 64; 66 disruptively disturb the airflow passing through the entrance slit 18 and / or the substantially rotationally symmetric conical flow in the burner cone 06 and with this the substantially rotationally symmetrical flame, thereby mixing the gas flows from the burner interior and the entrance slit 18.

In an advantageous, for. B. in combination with the fan-like embodiment particularly advantageous embodiment of the burner cone 06, are out of the profile outwardly outstanding flow obstacles 59; 63; 64; 66 formed as part of the burner cone 06 at the downstream end final end plate 53 at this or attached to this form or cohesively.

On the cone jacket or on the end plate 53 molded or fixed flow obstacles 59; 63; 64 are z. B. as a guide vanes 59; 63; 64 formed from flat sheet material, which is flat or at least a flat portion are executed, wherein they are arranged with the or at least one of its planar portions preferably inclined to the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the outlet opening 16. By way of example, the guide vanes 59; 63; 64 executed flow obstacles 59; 63; 64 at one of its sides at the edge of the end plate 53 so connected or connected so that they are more or less bend to adjust the turbulence.

By way of example, first flow obstacles 59 designed as planar guide vanes 59 can be arranged with an edge on an edge section of the section of cover plate 62 which terminates the tangential air or exhaust air inlet openings 54 on the front side.

Instead or in addition, second flow obstacles 63, designed as planar guide vanes 59, can be used; 64 with an edge at an edge portion of the wall 43 and wall construction 43 in the region of the wall sections 43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4 covering portion of the cover plate 62 may be arranged.

Guide vanes 59; 63; 64, in particular the first guide vanes 59, can in principle all point away from the plane of the outlet opening 16 downstream or downstream, or preferably to a part upstream and to the other part downstream. Guide vanes 59; 63; 64, in particular the second guide vanes 63; 64 may be arranged as a pair of guide vanes 63, 64 viewed in the circumferential direction on both sides of a radially outward extent of the cover plate 62 reaching out section 66, wherein z. B. one away from the plane of the outlet opening 16 downstream and the other upstream.

The above device 01 for thermal aftertreatment comprises the burner 04 in one of the abovementioned embodiments with one or a combination of several of the features highlighted above as being advantageous.

In a development of the device 01, the combustion chamber 11 has in its interior a swirling device 67 attributable to the chamber, for example a baffle plate 67. Trained as baffle 67 swirling 67 extends z. B. parallel to the plane of the outlet opening 16 of the burner 04 and substantially centric to the axial direction of the burner 04th

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

contraption

02

Fluid flow, exhaust air flow, raw gas flow

03

Fuel flow.

04

Burner, cone burner

05

-

06

burner cone

07

Fuel supply, fuel nozzle

08

Clean gas flow

08 '

Clean gas flow

09

raw gas

10

-

11

combustion chamber

12

Plant, production and / or processing plant, furnace

13

Exit opening (06)

14

Outlet opening (11)

15

-

16

Outlet opening (11)

17

combustion chamber wall

18

entrance slit

19

Raw gas inlet

20

-

21

Flow area

22

combustion chamber wall

23

Cover, outer shell

24

heat exchangers

25

-

26

Pipe (24)

27

Collection and discharge space

28

Clean gas outlet

29

Bypass guidance

30

-

31

Control element, flap

32

gas subsidies

33

Device for heat recovery

34

Adjusting means, actuator

35

-

36

heat exchangers

37

Heat transfer fluid flow, heating fluid circulation

38

Adjusting means, actuator

39

Control element, flaps

40

-

41

fireplace

42

premix

43

Wall, wall structure

44

fuel outlet

45

-

46

Foot section, cone foot, flange, flange ring

47

Attachment, flange

48

execution

49

cone base

50

-

51

Guide element, guide plate

52

execution

53

Graduation element, graduation plate

54

Air inlet, exhaust air inlets, tangential

55

-

56

Air inlet opening

57

Air inlet opening

58

Part cover, flap

59

Flow obstacle, guide vanes

60

-

61

cover

62

edge

63

Flow obstacle, guide vanes

64

Flow obstacle, guide vanes

65

-

66

Flow obstacle, guide vanes

67

Swirling device, baffle plate

68

support elements

K1

circle line

K1

circle line

M1

Truncated cone

M2

Truncated cone

S

axis of symmetry

u1

peripheral line

u2

peripheral line

u3

peripheral line

u4

peripheral line

φ

Inclination angle, more actual, more effective

φ1

tilt angle

φ2

tilt angle

φ *

Inclination angle, more medial

Claims (16)

1. Apparatus, comprising an industrial plant (12) and a post-combustion apparatus (01) which is provided in an exhaust-air stream (02) of the industrial plant (12) and which differs from the industrial plant (12) and which is positioned downstream of said industrial plant and which serves for the post-combustion of exhaust air of the exhaust-gas stream (02), wherein the post-combustion apparatus (01) comprises a burner (04) which has a fuel nozzle (07) and a burner cone (06), which burner projects at least with its burner cone (06) in an untreated-gas space (09) into exhaust air for treatment of the exhaust-air stream (02) from the upstream plant (12), wherein the burner cone (06) has a single-part or multi-part wall (43) which surrounds a premix chamber (42), and the fuel nozzle (07) comprises an opening of at least one fuel outlet (44) for the discharge of fuel into the premix chamber (42), and wherein the wall (43) which delimits the premix chamber (42) to the outside at the shell has a structure such that the premix chamber (42) formed in the interior thereof opens, over at least one cone length section, in funnel-shaped fashion in a downstream direction symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry (S) which defines the axial direction of the burner (04), wherein the burner cone (06), in at least one length section of the cone length section, which widens in funnel-shaped fashion, of the wall (43), comprises multiple tangential inlet openings (54) for a tangential entry of the exhaust air surrounding the burner cone (06) into the premix chamber (42), which inlet openings are formed by a fan-shaped arrangement of a multiplicity of wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) .
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tangential inlet openings (54) are spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction and/or, on the outer side of the wall (43), each radially rise from the preceding shell circumferential segment as viewed in the circumferential direction and/or are formed as gap-like or slot-like openings extending in an axial direction and/or extend over at least the length of the cone length section that widens in funnel-shaped fashion.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall (43) of the burner cone (06), at least in the cone length section that opens in funnel-shaped fashion, is formed by a multiplicity n of wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) which, radially symmetrically about the axial direction which forms the axis of symmetry (S), are arranged in a fan shape and/or so as to be rotationally offset about respective axes of rotation which do not coincide with one another or with the axis of symmetry (S) and/or the wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4), in the case of a number of n wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4), are formed as N-th shells, in particular n conical part shells.
4. Apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the angular sections covered in the circumferential direction by the respectively adjacent wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) with respect to the axis of symmetry (S) progress at least in gap-free fashion or overlap.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) are themselves formed in the circumferential direction by a number m of individual segments (43.1x; 43.2x; 43.3x; 43.4x) which adjoin one another to form the respective wall section (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4).
6. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the tangential inlet openings (54) are such that only an air stream which, in relation to the axis of symmetry (S), does not constitute a purely radial flow but rather comprises at least one tangential motion component can pass through said inlet openings into the cone interior.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the tangential inlet openings (54) are formed between in each case two wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) which adjoin one another in the circumferential direction of the burner cone (06), by virtue of said wall sections being formed in the manner of cone segments of a cone with a closed outer circumferential line but so as to be rotationally offset, in relation to the arrangement that forms the closed outer circumferential line, in an identical rotational direction and/or by an identical angle about axes which are spaced apart in each case to the same extent from the axis of symmetry (S).
8. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the burner (04), in an end-side bottom (49) of the burner cone (04), has one or more opening-out points of one or more leadthroughs (48) which lead from the untreated-gas space (09) surrounding the burner (04) into the premix chamber (42), through which leadthroughs exhaust air from the untreated-gas space (09) surrounding the burner (04) enters and/or can enter the premix chamber with an axial or predominantly axial flow direction, that is to say an axial flow component that is greater than a radial component.
9. Apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the bottom (49) is formed by the side, facing toward the cone interior, of a cone base (46) which is formed in the manner of a terminating ring or spoked ring which, as viewed in a circumferential direction of the fuel nozzle (07), has multiple leadthroughs (48) which run predominantly in an axial direction and/or which permit a predominantly axial throughflow.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that the fuel nozzle (07) and the upstream end of the burner cone (06) are, as viewed in an axial direction, arranged so as to overlap or so as to progress at least without interruption and/or the wall (43) of the burner cone (06), in particular a base section of the burner cone (06), surrounds the fuel nozzle (07) at least at the level of the at least one fuel outlet.
11. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that all or several wall sections (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) of a wall (43) of multi-part form are, on at least the opening cone length section, formed in the manner of shell segments (43.1; 43.2; 43.3; 43.4) of a closed-profile and radially symmetrical truncated cone shell or l-sided truncated pyramid shell and which are arranged so as to be rotationally offset in the same direction of rotation and by the same rotational angle about respective axes which run in a longitudinal direction on a common cone or cylinder shell surface concentrically surrounding the axis of symmetry (S).
12. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the burner cone (06), in its opening burner cone section or at least a part of said burner cone section, has an effective internal conicity with an angle of inclination (ϕ; ϕ1) of the cone shell with respect to the axis of symmetry (S) of 5° to 15°.
13. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the burner cone (06) is, in the region of its downstream end, formed with multiple flow obstructions (59; 63; 64; 66) which extend from the profile defined by the course of the shell of the wall (43) at the end side into the space surrounding the burner cone (06) at its downstream end and which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the burner cone (06) .
14. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that, upstream of the untreated-gas space (9) in the untreated-gas path, there is provided a heat exchanger (24) by means of which an exchange of heat between already-treated, hot clean gas exiting a combustion chamber (11) and untreated gas which is formed by exhaust air from the upstream plant (12) and which still to be treated is or can be performed.
15. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that the untreated-gas space (09) surrounding the burner cone (06) is adjoined, downstream, by a combustion chamber (11), into the inlet opening of which a downstream outlet opening (13) of the burner cone (06) opens.
16. Apparatus according to Claim 15, characterized in that an inlet opening of the combustion chamber (11) and the burner cone (06) at the level of the outlet opening (13) are dimensioned, and arranged relative to one another, such that an inlet gap (18) is formed between that edge of the burner cone (06) which defines the outer circumference at the outlet side and that edge of an inlet-side combustion chamber wall (17) which defines the inlet opening, through which inlet gap untreated gas can flow from the untreated-gas space (09) into the combustion chamber (11) directly, that is to say without firstly passing into a premix chamber of the burner cone (06) formed in the interior of the burner cone (06), and/or in that, for the feed of the exhaust air into the untreated-gas space (09), a path section is provided through a flow cross section (21) which is delimited at least on one side by the outer side of the combustion chamber wall (22).

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