EP3119658B1 - Bogie frame - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a bogie frame for a rail vehicle, comprising two designed as an open or closed hollow profile side rail and at least one cross member, wherein the hollow profile of the longitudinal member is formed by wall elements which have a certain thickness.

The invention is applicable both to bogie frame with internally mounted bogie, so where in the assembled state, the wheels of the rail vehicle are arranged outside of the longitudinal members, as well as on externally mounted bogies.

State of the art

The transmission of forces in a bogie between the various functional units, such as drive or brake, takes over the bogie frame. Especially for bogies for high-speed trains a high longitudinal and diagonal stiffness of the bogie frame for the wheelsets is operationally necessary. Due to the operational high stress and the necessary reliability of the bogie frame is manufactured with high material and manufacturing costs. This results in addition to high costs in technical terms, a high weight of the bogie frame.

In order to meet the high demands of the bogie frame, open or closed hollow sections are used for their production, which consist of each other welded sheets are made. The welds are always exposed to high loads during operation.

In the case of closed hollow profiles, the production of a weld seam counterpart on the side of the weld root is no longer possible due to lack of accessibility, and therefore the weld seam can not be loaded with the same forces as a counterstay. In this case, the sheet thicknesses must be increased in order to make the welds in a row thicker and therefore stronger. Alternatively, the side rail can be made with a lid, whereby it is possible to weld the welds inside. A disadvantage of the method is a significantly increased production costs due to the longer welding time, increased manipulation effort and additionally required cover parts. In sum, the weight of the bogie frame and the manufacturing cost increase.

The document US-A-700992 shows a bogie frame for rail vehicles.

Presentation of the invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a bogie frame for a rail vehicle, comprising two longitudinal members designed as open or closed hollow profile and at least one cross member, wherein the hollow profile of the longitudinal member is formed by wall elements having a certain thickness, which compared to the known bogie frame described above has less weight or means less manufacturing costs and thus lower manufacturing costs.

This object is achieved by a bogie frame with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the respective dependent claims.

In this case, the invention provides that the longitudinal members in the region of the fastening of the at least one cross member each have a wall element with at least one region of reduced thickness. The reduced thickness can be realized by the wall element has a cutout at said location.

In this case, a wall element only have a continuous region with reduced thickness. Or a wall element could also have several separate areas of reduced thickness.

As a rule, the wall elements have a constant thickness, so that in the region of reduced thickness, the wall element has a reduced thickness in comparison with the rest of the wall element. It is conceivable that in the region of reduced thickness, the thickness is constant except for an edge region, the edge region having a bevel as a transition from the thickness of the remaining wall element to the thickness of the region of reduced thickness.

In particular, it can be provided that the thickness of the wall element in the region of reduced thickness (excluding the edge region of the region of reduced thickness) is at most 90% of the thickness of the wall element outside the region of reduced thickness, preferably in the range of 10-90%, in particular in the range of 30-70%.

"Area of attachment of the at least one cross member" is understood to be the portion of the longitudinal member on which the cross member engages, as well as the part enclosed by it. However, it may also be understood that part of the longitudinal member immediately surrounding this section, that is, for example, the part of the longitudinal member which is closer to the cross member than the ends of the longitudinal member, the middle of the longitudinal member or another cross member. The area of reduced thickness reduces deformation in the area of the weld seams and thus reduces stress in the welds. This means that the weight can be reduced and no lids are needed, whereby the manufacturing cost decreases.

In particular, it can be provided that the longitudinal members each have on a side facing the at least one cross member a wall formed as an internal web wall element having an inner side, on which inner side at least one region is provided with reduced thickness. Thus, at the location of the connection of the cross member, the thickness on the side of the inner web facing away from the cross member is reduced, which particularly reduces the deformation in the area of those welds which are closest to the region of reduced thickness.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the longitudinal members each have a wall element formed as an external web having an inner side which faces an inner web facing the at least one cross member and on which inner side at least one region of reduced thickness is arranged. As a result, the deformation property of the side member changes, resulting in a reduction in deformation in the area of those welds closest to the reduced thickness portion. As a rule, there will be a region of reduced thickness on the inner as well as on the outer web of the longitudinal member - in particular congruent.

The webs of the longitudinal member may be formed so that at least partially remains around the region of reduced thickness, an edge which comprises 10-30% of the height of the web. Thus, the webs on the upper side, to the upper flange of the longitudinal member out, have such an edge, and / or on the underside, the lower flange of the longitudinal member out, having such an edge. Then the welds between bridge would be and upper chord and / or between bridge and lower chord be relieved.

The longitudinal members comprise at least one connecting element, which serves as a connection for the at least one cross member and which has at least one wall element with a region of reduced thickness. As a result, the deformation in the transition from the longitudinal member to the cross member and the utilization of the welds between the inner web of the longitudinal member and the connection element (box profile) and / or between the connection element and the connection plate and / or the wall elements of the hollow profile of the longitudinal member particularly well controlled become. The term "connection element" refers to the element which is located between the cross member and the remaining longitudinal member and which forms the connection for the cross member.

The connecting element is designed as a box section with two wall elements designed as connecting webs and a wall element connecting the two connecting webs and a wall element connecting the two connecting webs, designed as a bottom flange, the connecting webs and the top flange and the bottom flange being orthogonal to one another the at least one cross member facing side of the longitudinal member and in the operating position of the upper flange and the lower flange is arranged below. The term "box profile" refers to a closed hollow profile, which comprises four wall elements, but none of the wall elements must be aligned parallel to another wall element and the wall elements may also have curvatures. Under orthogonal is understood that the connecting webs, as well as the upper flange and the lower flange at the surfaces forms planes which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cross member. Under connecting webs are the side parts, under upper flange of the upper part and lower chord of the lower part of the box profile understood.

One embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the terminal land has at least one area of reduced thickness, which can reduce the workload in those welds that are closest to the area of reduced thickness.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the connecting web comprises an edge of equal width around the at least one region of reduced thickness.
The region of reduced thickness is thus centrally in the respective wall element, which causes a uniform force distribution in the wall element. If the edge is narrow compared to the dimensions of the reduced thickness region, this will contribute more to the weight saving. For example, it can be provided that the edge 10 to 30%, in particular by 20%, the surface of the inside of the connecting webs comprises.

In particular, it can be provided that the at least one region of reduced thickness is provided on an outer side of the connecting web. Since the outside is easily accessible, this is a particularly simple, yet effective way.

In general (both for the longitudinal member itself and for its connection element), the region with reduced thickness is usually produced on the individual part, that is to say on the individual wall element, in particular milled out (and then the individual parts are first welded together). The region of reduced thickness is thereby produced on the same side as the weld bevel, whereby a re-clamping of the wall element between the production of the region of reduced thickness and the weld chamfers can be omitted. In the case of substantially rectangular wall elements, the shape of the region of reduced thickness - as seen in the plane of the wall element - will also usually be substantially rectangular.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the area of reduced thickness corresponds to 20-90%, in particular 40-80% of the surface of the outer side in the connection element.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the upper flange of the connection element has at least one region with reduced thickness. This provides a reduction in the utilization of those welds in the upper area that are closest to the area of reduced thickness.

An embodiment thereof provides that the at least one region of reduced thickness is provided on an outer side of the upper belt of the connection element. Since the outside is easily accessible, this is a particularly simple, yet effective way. Again, the reduced thickness area is typically made on the same part of the single part as the weld land, thereby reloading the wall element between manufacturing the area with reduced thickness and the weld chamfers can be omitted.

The stability is further increased when the upper flange of the connecting element is flush with an upper flange of the longitudinal member, in particular in one piece with it.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the lower flange of the connection element terminates flush with a lower flange of the longitudinal member, in particular in one piece with it, which likewise leads to an increase in stability.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the at least one region of reduced thickness of the upper belt of the connection element comprises only one region laterally, in the viewing direction orthogonal to the upper flange, the longitudinal axis of the at least one cross member. These special geometry is easy to implement and effectively reduces the workload in the welds that are closest to the area of reduced thickness.
The area may be located on the side of the axle facing the other cross member or on the other side. It is also possible that the region of reduced thickness runs over a large part of the width of the cross member, in particular symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the cross member.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that the length of the region with reduced thickness on the inside of the inner web and / or the outer web of the longitudinal member corresponds to 0.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the cross member.

The length of the region with reduced thickness can be in both cases but outside the 0.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the cross member.

An embodiment of the bogie frame provides that at least one connecting plate between the cross member and the connecting element is arranged connecting them, which at least partially closes the connecting element and which has an opening in the connecting direction between the connecting element and cross member. In this case, the stability is increased by means of this connection plate, on the other hand can be controlled by a change in the plate stiffness, for example by varying the aperture in size and shape or by milling, the utilization in the welds, in particular reduced.

Brief description of the figures

Fig. 1

die Oberansicht eines Drehgestellrahmens

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie A-A in Fig. 1 durch ein Anschlusselement

Fig. 3

die Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie C-C in Fig. 1

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie B-B in Fig. 3

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schnittlinie A-A in Fig. 1 durch ein Anschlusselement einer alternativen Ausführungsvariante.

To further explain the invention, reference is made in the following part of the description to the figures, from the Further advantageous embodiments, details and further developments of the invention can be found. Show it:

Fig. 1

the top view of a bogie frame

Fig. 2

a sectional view along section line AA in Fig. 1 through a connection element

Fig. 3

the sectional view along section line CC in Fig. 1

Fig. 4

a sectional view along section line BB in Fig. 3

Fig. 5

a sectional view along section line AA in Fig. 1 by a connecting element of an alternative embodiment.

Embodiment of the invention

In Fig. 1 a bogie frame is shown which comprises two longitudinal members 1 and two cross members 3. The cross member 3 represent a connection of the two side members 1, they are parallel to the transverse direction 4. The side members 1 are in Fig. 1 aligned parallel to a direction of travel 2. In the middle area they are bent downwards ( Fig. 3 ).

Between the longitudinal members 1 and the cross members 3, a connecting element 12 is in each case arranged, which connects the remaining part of the longitudinal member with the respective cross member 3. The connecting element 12 comprises in this embodiment (shown in FIG Fig. 2 ) four flat, mutually orthogonal wall elements 7, which form a closed frame. They are welded together and each have a weld between two wall elements 7 on the outside. However, the connecting element 12 may also be formed from more or fewer wall elements.

The Fig. 2 shows a sectional view along section line AA in Fig. 1 , which passes through the connecting element 12. The connecting element 12 has two wall elements 7, which are formed as connecting webs 13, and one each Wall element 7, which is formed as upper flange 15 of the connecting element 12 and as a lower flange 17 of the connecting element 12. In this case, both the two connecting webs 13 and the upper belt 15 have a region 6 with a reduced thickness. The region 6 with reduced thickness of the connecting webs 13 comprises the entire outer side 14 of the connecting webs 13 except for an edge 21.

The transition from the edge 21, that is, the thickness 5 outside a region 6, to the thickness within the region 6 has the shape of a quarter-circle arc and is here milled with a ball cutter, for example with a radius of 10 mm. The length and width of the region 6 with reduced thickness depends on the given space, it is usually advantageous if the edge to those welds or edges of the wall elements 7, which are to be relieved, is as narrow as possible. This applies to all areas 6 shown in the figures.

The remaining thickness of the wall element 7 in Fig. 2 or the connecting webs 13 and the upper flange 15 in the region 6 with reduced thickness is 6 mm, the thickness reduction of the original thickness 5 of the wall member 7 and the connecting webs 13 and the upper belt 15 is about 10 mm, the original thickness 5 of the wall element so about 16 mm. The thickness of the wall element 7 in the reduced-thickness region 6 thus corresponds to approximately 38% of the original thickness 5 of the wall element 7 or the thickness outside the region 6.

The region 6 with reduced thickness on the outer side 20 of the upper flange 15 of the connecting element has only one area laterally, in the viewing direction orthogonal to the upper flange 15, the longitudinal axis of the at least one cross member 3, namely on that side facing the other cross member 3 is. The area of the region 6 corresponds to approximately 20% of the outer surface of the upper belt 15. The weld seam between the upper belt 15 and the connecting plate 22 is highly utilized in the region. With the reduction of the thickness of the Obergurts 15 this area is softened, the bending in the weld root is thereby reduced and the utilization of the weld falls off.

Around the region 6 of each connecting web 13 there is an edge 21 with the same width, so that the region 6 with a reduced thickness corresponds to approximately 80% of the surface of the outside 14. Thus, there is an edge 21 at the top of the connecting web 13 to the upper flange 15, so that the weld between the connecting web 13 and upper flange 15 is relieved. An edge 21 is also located on the underside of the connecting web 13 to the lower flange 17, so that the weld between connecting web 13 and lower flange 17 is relieved. Due to the edge 21 between the connecting web 13 and the inner web 8 of the longitudinal member 1, the area 6 also approaches close to the web 8, so that the weld between connecting web 13 and web 8 is relieved. Due to the edge 21 between the connecting web 13 and the connection plate 22, the area 6 also approaches close to the connection plate 22, so that the weld seam between connection web 13 and connection plate 22 8 is relieved.

The adjacent to the connection element 12 arranged connection plate 22 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) has a breakthrough 23 ( Fig. 2 ). This breakthrough is in the in Fig. 2 formed embodiment variant round, since the cross member 3 has a round cross-section (circular hollow profile, see dashed line in FIG Fig. 1 ). However, it is also conceivable that the breakthrough takes on any other shape, conceivable are also forms which on the side of the longitudinal member 1 have a different shape or size than on the side of the cross member 3, for an optimum transition of the side member 1 on the cross member 3 to ensure.

The connecting webs 13 form a box profile with the upper flange 15 and the lower flange 17. This is formed in this example in that the two connecting webs 13 and the upper flange 15 and the lower flange 17 parallel to each other are arranged, wherein the connecting elements 13 in the operating position vertically and the upper flange 15 and the lower flange 17 are arranged horizontally. Each connecting land 13 is arranged orthogonal to both the upper belt 15 and the lower belt 17. However, the box section may also be formed of wall elements which are not parallel to each other.

In Fig. 5 is the section through an alternative embodiment of the connecting element 12 according to section line AA in Fig. 1 displayed. The two flat connecting webs 13 are, in contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 2 , not parallel to each other, a connecting web 13 is normal to both upper flange 15 and lower flange 17, the other connecting web 13 is not normal to either. The - here level - lower flange 17 may be arranged horizontally in the plane of the bogie frame ( Fig. 2 ) or with an inclination which corresponds to the course of the cranking of the longitudinal member 1 at the location of the connecting element 12 ( Fig. 5 ), the upper flange 15 in Fig. 5 follows the course of the cranking of the longitudinal member 1 and the course of the upper belt 16 of the longitudinal member 1. The upper belt 15 having a curvature is arranged in sections parallel to the lower belt 17.

Only the left connection web 13 and the top flange 15 in Fig. 5 each have a region 6 with reduced wall thickness. In the region 6 on the left connecting web 13 remain about 40% of the original wall thickness of the connecting web 13, the area 6 occupies a large part of the height of the connecting web 13 a. In this case, the edge 21 around the region 6 is only about as high as the weld seam land 24. The region 6 on the upper flange 15 is provided on the outside near the left connecting web 13 and likewise has approximately 40% of the original wall thickness of the remaining upper belt 15. The area 6 on the top flange 15, however, only takes up about one-sixth of the width (measured from bottom left to top right) of the upper belt 15. The depth of area 6 (measured normal to the drawing plane) could be be equal to the width, so that there is a substantially square shape of the region 6 on the top flange 15 and a rim 21 (with a similar width as the connecting web 13) and the inner web 8 of the longitudinal member 1 remains.

Since the region 6 of the left connection element 13 extends close to the upper side of the connection element 13, this relieves the load between the connection element 13 and the upper flange 15, which is defined by the weld seam 24. Similarly, by reaching the area 6 of the upper belt 15 close to the top of the connecting element 13, a relief of this weld is achieved.

It could be in Fig. 5 Both connecting webs 13 and / or the lower flange 17 have one or more areas 6 with reduced wall thickness.

The longitudinal members 1 are designed as open or closed hollow profile and constructed of wall elements 7 ( Fig. 1 . 3.4 ). In each case, a wall element 7 of each longitudinal member 1 forms an inner web 8 and an outer web 9. The inner web 8 has an inner side 10 and the outer web 9 has an inner side 11. Both the inner side 10 and the inner side 11 have a region 6 with a reduced thickness (FIG. Fig. 3, 4 ).

The region 6 with a reduced thickness of both the inner side 10 of the inner web 8 and the inner side 11 of the outer web 9 is elongated and extends in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal member 1. It follows the course of the crank. It has the same distance to both the upper belt 16 and the lower belt 18. The boundary of the region 6 in the longitudinal direction runs parallel to Obergurt 16 and lower chord 18 and in the transverse direction normal to the upper chord 16 and the lower chord 18. The course of the region 6 in the transverse direction but must not be normal to upper or lower chord 16, 18.

The regions 6 with a reduced thickness of the inner side 10 of the inner web 8 and the inner side 11 of the outer web 9 are designed congruent to one another. The length of the regions 6 - measured along the longitudinal members 1 - are usually 0.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the cross member 3. In this example, the region 6 is about 290 mm long, the diameter of the tube of the Cross member 3 is about 190 mm. Thus, the length of the region 6 in this example is about 1.5 times the diameter of the cross member 3. The ratio of length of the region 6 to the diameter of the cross member 3 can also be greater or less than 0.5 to 2.5 be-fold.

In Fig. 4 are shown on the longitudinal member 1 six welds, by means of which both the upper flange 16, and the lower flange 18 are fixed to the inner web 8 and the outer web 9. In this case, the upper flange 16 is fastened in each case with an outer weld on the inner web 8 and the outer web 9 and the lower flange 18 is fastened in each case with both an inner and an outer weld to the inner web 8 and the outer web 9.

To the region 6 with a reduced thickness of the webs 8, 9, these have an edge 21, the 10 to 30%, here about 20%, the height (in Fig. 4 extending in the vertical direction) of the inside of the webs 8, 9 comprises. An edge 21 is located between region 6 and the top of the web 8, 9, the upper flange 16 of the longitudinal member 1, an edge 21 is located on the underside of the web 8, 9, the lower flange 18 of the longitudinal member 1 out. Thus, about 60% of the height of the web 8, 9 remain for the region 6 with reduced thickness. Since in each case the welds between the upper side of the web 8, 9 and the upper flange 16 and between the underside of the web 8, 9 and the lower flange 18 are in the immediate vicinity of the region 6, they are relieved by the region 6.

The webs 8, 9 have in this example a thickness 5 of 14 mm, in the areas 6 of reduced thickness, this thickness is reduced to 7 mm, so that the thickness of the webs 8, 9 in the region 6 with reduced thickness 50% of the thickness the webs 8, 9 is outside the region 6 with reduced thickness. Of course, the thickness ratio for the webs 8, 9 differ from longitudinal beams 1 in other embodiments of 50%, preferably in the range of 30-70%.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

longitudinal beams

2

direction of travel

3

crossbeam

4

transversely

5

thickness

6

Area with reduced thickness

7

wall elements

8th

internal web of the longitudinal member

9

External bridge of the longitudinal member

10

Inside of the inner bridge

11

Inside of the outer web

12

connecting element

13

connecting web

14

Outside of the connecting bar

15

Upper flange of the connection element

16

Upper flange of the longitudinal member

17

Lower flange of the connection element

18

Lower flange of the longitudinal member

19

Longitudinal axis of the cross member

20

Outside of the upper strap of the connecting element

21

Edge by area of reduced thickness

22

connecting plate

23

breakthrough

24

Schweißnahtfase

Claims (16)

1. Bogie frame for a rail vehicle, comprising two longitudinal members (1) constructed as open or closed hollow profiles and at least one transverse member (3), wherein the hollow profile of the longitudinal member is formed by wall elements (7) which have a particular thickness (5), wherein, in the region where the at least one transverse member (3) is affixed, each of the longitudinal members (1) has a wall element (7) with at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness, and wherein each of the longitudinal members (1) comprises at least one connection element (12) which serves as the connection for the at least one transverse member (3) and which has the at least one wall element (7) with the region (6) with a reduced thickness
   characterised in that the connection element (12) is constructed as a box profile with two wall elements (7) in the form of connection ridges (13) together with a wall element (7) in the form of an upper belt (15) which joins the two connection ridges (13) and a wall element (7) in the form of a lower belt (17), which also joins the two connection ridges (13), wherein the connection ridges (13) together with the upper belt (15) and the lower belt (17) stand orthogonally on a side of the longitudinal member (1) facing the at least one transverse member (3), and in the operating position the upper belt (15) is arranged at the top and the lower belt (17) at the bottom.
2. Bogie frame according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the region with a reduced thickness, the thickness of the wall element amounts at most to 90% of the thickness of the wall element outside the region with a reduced thickness, preferably lies in the range from 10-90%, in particular in the range 30-70%.
3. Bogie frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that each of the longitudinal members (1) has, on a side which faces the at least one transverse member (3), a wall element (7) in the form of an internal ridge (8) with an inner side (10), on which inner side (10) is provided at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness.
4. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each of the longitudinal members (1) has a wall element (7), in the form of an external ridge (9), with an inner side (11) which lies opposite an internal ridge (8) which faces the at least one transverse member (3) and on which inner side (11) is arranged at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness.
5. Bogie frame according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that, around the region (6) with a reduced thickness, there remains at least in parts a border (21) which extends over 10-30% of the height of the ridge (8, 9).
6. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the connection ridge (13) has at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness.
7. Bogie frame according to claim 6, characterised in that the connection ridge (13) includes a border (21) of uniform width around the at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness.
8. Bogie frame according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterised in that the at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness is provided on an outer side (14) of the connection ridge (13) .
9. Bogie frame according to one of claims 6-8, characterised in that the region (6) with a reduced thickness corresponds to 20-90%, in particular 40-80% of the surface of the outer side (14).
10. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the upper belt (15) has at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness.
11. Bogie frame according to claim 10, characterised in that the at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness is provided on an outer side (20) of the upper belt (15) of the connection element (12).
12. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the upper belt (15) of the connection element (12) terminates planar with an upper belt (16) of the longitudinal member (1), in particular is constructed with it as a single part.
13. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the lower belt (15) of the connection element (12) terminates planar with a lower belt (18) of the longitudinal member (1), in particular is constructed with it as a single part.
14. Bogie frame according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the at least one region (6) with a reduced thickness of the upper belt (15) of the connection element (12) comprises only a region to the side, when looking orthogonally down onto the upper belt (15), of the longitudinal axis (19) of the at least one transverse member (3) .
15. Bogie frame according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the length of the region (6) with a reduced thickness on the inner side (10, 11) corresponds to between 0.5 and 2.5 times the diameter of the transverse member (3).
16. Bogie frame according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that there is, arranged between the transverse member (3) and the connection element (12) and joining these two, at least one connection plate (22) which at least partially closes off the connection element and which has an aperture (23) in the direction of the joint between the connection element (12) and the transverse member (3).

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