EP3118888B1 - Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp, with light exit diaphragm for blocking contaminants - Google Patents

Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp, with light exit diaphragm for blocking contaminants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3118888B1
EP3118888B1 EP16184237.2A EP16184237A EP3118888B1 EP 3118888 B1 EP3118888 B1 EP 3118888B1 EP 16184237 A EP16184237 A EP 16184237A EP 3118888 B1 EP3118888 B1 EP 3118888B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas discharge
housing part
discharge lamp
window
light exit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16184237.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3118888A1 (en
Inventor
Erich Arnold
Christoph Söller
Anke Schnabl
Gunther Desinger
Torsten Jenek
Günter PERLET
Norbert Fischer
Gerhard Damaschke
Theo Schneider
Bruno Uebbing
Igor Radosevic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Original Assignee
Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heraeus Noblelight GmbH filed Critical Heraeus Noblelight GmbH
Publication of EP3118888A1 publication Critical patent/EP3118888A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3118888B1 publication Critical patent/EP3118888B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/10—Shields, screens, or guides for influencing the discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/68—Lamps in which the main discharge is between parts of a current-carrying guide, e.g. halo lamp

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas discharge lamp, in particular a deuterium lamp, with a lamp bulb filled with gas and an arrangement within the lamp envelope comprising: an electrode housing having a front housing part made of non-electrically conductive material, a rear housing part and a front housing part of the rear housing part separating A housing intermediate wall, wherein the front housing part comprises a cathode, arranged in front of the cathode Kathodenabtubmony and a light exit window, which emits light caused by discharge to the outside, and wherein the rear housing part receives an anode which is located with the light emission window in the front housing part on an optical axis , Wherein an adjustable electrical potential having outlet aperture is disposed with an aperture outside the light exit window, the aperture in projection of the light exit window on the optical Ach se is located and from this has a distance.
  • gas discharge lamps consist of a filled with a filling gas lamp bulb, in which two electrodes (cathode and anode) are arranged. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, a gas discharge takes place, which is associated with the emission of optical radiation.
  • the gas discharge causes a plasma state within the filling gas.
  • the plasma consists partly or wholly of free positively and negatively charged particles (ions, electrons) whose motion is influenced by the strength of the field between the two electrodes and by special designs of the cathode and anode spaces within the lamp envelope.
  • Deuterium lamps filling gas deuterium
  • a generic gas discharge lamp which shows an improved, stable light output.
  • the lamp has a lamp envelope made of quartz glass or other UV-transparent glass and has a housing whose rear part and the housing intermediate wall made of ceramic.
  • the anode is located in the rear part of the housing, directly behind an opening in the housing intermediate wall into which a shaped body designated as a focusing electrode (26) partially protrudes.
  • the housing front part is made of metal and has a light exit window.
  • the front housing part is referred to as the front electrode (front electrode 23).
  • the cathode region In the front part of the housing is the cathode region, wherein the cathode is surrounded by a so-called cathode box, which is formed by a wing of the front electrode (housing front part) and a cathode slit electrode 27.
  • the cathode box effects reliable ignition and a stable potential in the cathode compartment, whereby the operating state with respect to the maintenance and direction of the charge carrier path from the cathode via the molding body (focusing electrode 26) to the anode to stability.
  • the electric circuit for adjusting the desired luminosity of the gas discharge lamp is set so that the potential of the molded article is negative or zero, thereby optimizing the discharge guidance from the cathode to the anode and the shape of the plasma can be.
  • the DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 discloses a deuterium lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. Here, side discharges and concomitant erosion at the shaped body focusing the discharge path between the cathode and the anode are avoided.
  • FIG. 2 out DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 is that Housing front and the intermediate wall made of ceramic, - The rear wall is made of metal.
  • the cathode in the front housing part is partially surrounded by the ceramic housing front, in addition, a metallic cathode shield is provided.
  • the molded body and the cathode shield are electrically insulated from each other, so that no side stream is formed.
  • the ceramic housing front part has an opening for the jet outlet, through which, in the unfavorable case, charged particles can also pass from the plasma to the lamp bulb surface.
  • the entire housing, the intermediate wall, and the molded body are made of metal. Also in this construction of the deuterium lamp, the formation of side streams is avoided.
  • the metallic housing front part has an opening for the jet exit in the direction of the lamp bulb, which in this case is provided with a dazzle-type attachment. Since the header unites with the metallic shell, the electrical potential of the header is set to that of the shell.
  • the attachment has here only the function of a holder for a possible filter plate, but no electrical screening effect.
  • the discharge lamps described here have the disadvantage that during operation particles which are released in the electrode housing, whether from the cathode space or from the area of the plasma arc between cathode and anode, can pass through the light exit window onto the lamp envelope made of glass and cause damage there. The intensity or the life of the gas discharge lamp thereby decreases significantly. The particles can change the glass of the lamp bulb so that it comes to light absorption and / or light scattering.
  • the Gas discharge lamp should also be easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the gas discharge lamp according to the invention comprises a lamp vessel filled with gas, in particular deuterium, an electrode housing having a front housing part of non-electrically conductive material, a rear housing part and a housing intermediate wall separating the front housing part from the rear housing part being arranged inside the lamp vessel.
  • the anode compartment with an anode is located in the rear housing part.
  • the anode faces an opening in the housing intermediate wall and a light exit window in the front housing part, so that the anode, the opening in the housing intermediate wall and the light exit window lie on an optical axis A.
  • the light caused by the discharge is emitted to the outside via the light emission window.
  • an exit aperture with an aperture opening is arranged on the outside of the front housing part and in front of the light exit window, the potential of which is set by an electrical connection to the cathode shielding window.
  • the aperture is in projection of the light exit window and has a distance from this. The center of the aperture and the light exit window are thus on the optical axis A of the gas discharge lamp.
  • the electrical potential of the exit aperture affects the electric field in the region of the light exit window, thus creating a kind of shield which protects the lamp envelope from damaging particles from the electrode housing.
  • the geometry of the exit aperture plays a role, so that a minimum distance between the light exit window and aperture is necessary to bring the shielding effect sufficiently advantage.
  • the interaction of the geometric relationships of the exit aperture and the electrical potential of the exit aperture affects the electric field in the region of the light exit window, which in turn depends on the movement of particles (ions, electrons) from the plasma or particles in the electrode housing during operation the lamp arise, affects.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of the exit aperture and its electrical potential thus prevent sputtering effects or other damage to the lamp envelope material caused by the abovementioned particles, which lengthens the lamp life with stable, high light intensity.
  • the invention provides that the exit aperture is formed as a U-profile, the legs of which touch the front housing part and form the distance to the light exit window.
  • the use of a U-profile as exit aperture is a solution that is easy to implement in terms of assembly.
  • the leg length is easy to dimension in standard components.
  • the aperture can be mounted in advance in such U-profiles by punching, so that only a cutting to length of the required for each lamp U-profile is required as an exit panel.
  • the U-profile is arranged approximately over the entire height of the front housing part, which has a particularly positive effect in terms of the shielding effect of this exit panel.
  • the U-profile may have at one or more points approaches that serve as mounting and / or contacting positions. However, these approaches do not affect the basic shape of the U-profile.
  • An alternative and also preferred embodiment of the exit aperture is that of the ring shape.
  • the exit aperture encloses the light exit window, whereby the shielding space created by this embodiment of the exit aperture can be further developed in front of the light exit window by the choice of the ring diameter and a ring profile with respect to optimum protection of the lamp envelope from damage by any particles from the plasma , It has proved to be advantageous if the annular exit aperture has an angle profile, one leg of which defines the distance to the light exit window, or if the annular exit aperture has a semi-circular profile whose diameter defines the distance to the light exit window.
  • the exit aperture whether it is a U-profile or ring-shaped, is preferably made of a metal.
  • Metal as a good electrically conductive material is available in a variety of geometric shapes, so that metal is particularly suitable as a material for the exit aperture.
  • a preferred metal for this application is nickel or a nickel-base alloy.
  • Other metals are suitable in principle as well, as far as the electrical conductivity, the processability and the ambient temperatures in the bulb do not limit their use or exclude.
  • the distance between the aperture and the light exit window is at least one millimeter. Limiting the distance between the light exit window and the aperture is the distance of the exit aperture to the lamp envelope. However, a direct contact of the exit aperture with the lamp envelope must be avoided as this can lead to mechanical damage to the lamp envelope and thus impair the function and life of the gas discharge lamp. On the other hand, the minimum distance of 1 mm to the light exit window is necessary to create a space in front of the light exit window, which forms a kind of shield for emerging from the electrode housing or the plasma particles relative to the lamp envelope. This shielding space has its effect also with regard to limiting the temperature of the lamp bulb, at least in the region of the light exit.
  • the adjustment of the electrical potential of the exit aperture is effected according to the invention by a connection with the cathode shielding window.
  • a connection for this purpose, a contact between the exit panel and cathode shield is necessary.
  • the connection For the electrical contact between the exit aperture and the cathode shielding window, it is important that the connection has the lowest possible contact resistance. The location of the electrical connection is of minor importance.
  • connection between the exit aperture and the cathode shielding window is effected through the front housing part by means of at least one metallic rivet which at the same time mechanically fastens the exit aperture to the front housing part.
  • the riveted joint ensures a good conductive connection between the exit aperture and the cathode shield window, which is also clean and precise in design.
  • the rivet is set through the front housing part and also serves to attach the exit panel to the front of the housing.
  • a connection by means of a screw is possible, which is optionally set by a bore through the front housing part.
  • the front housing part itself is made of electrically non-conductive material, that is usually of a ceramic material such as alumina.
  • the size of the aperture of the exit aperture it has proven useful if it is greater than the light exit window.
  • the fact is taken into account that the light cone emanating from the plasma in the interior of the front housing part is not or only marginally restricted by the aperture in the exit aperture. This measure is particularly important in terms of the highest possible light output of the gas discharge lamp of importance.
  • a borosilicate glass is preferably used as the material for the lamp envelope.
  • the borosilicate glass is resistant to chemicals and temperature and sufficiently transparent for the desired wavelength range of the gas discharge lamp.
  • Such a lamp bulb is therefore well suited for gas discharge lamps, which are used for example in spectrophotometers.
  • Gas discharge lamp with the aforementioned features are used for analytical purposes, in particular as a light source in spectral analysis.
  • a deuterium lamp 1 is shown schematically in cross section along the optical axis A.
  • the lamp 1 has a lamp bulb 2 and a two-part housing, consisting of a front housing part 3 with a housing intermediate wall 4 made of ceramic, in this case aluminum oxide, as well as a rear housing part 5 made of metal.
  • the lamp bulb 2 is filled with gas, here deuterium.
  • the rear housing part 5 is the anode 6.
  • a cathode 7 and an existing of a nickel sheet cathode shield 8 are arranged.
  • the front housing part 3 has a light exit window 9 which faces the anode 6 and forms with it the optical axis A of the gas discharge lamp.
  • the cathode shield window 8 has an opening 16 in the direction of the optical axis A.
  • a discharge forms between the cathode 7 and the anode 6, which provides a continuous UV spectrum.
  • a shaped body 10 is arranged in front of the opening 17 of the housing intermediate wall 4 and the anode 6, which constricts the plasma in the form of a sphere by means of charge carrier concentration.
  • the resulting by the discharge and formation of the plasma light cone passes along the optical axis A through the light exit window 9 in the direction of the lamp envelope 2.
  • an exit aperture 11 of a nickel sheet with a U-profile arranged outside on the front housing part 3, in front of the light exit window 9 is an exit aperture 11 of a nickel sheet with a U-profile arranged.
  • the exit aperture 11 has an aperture 12 which is projected to the light exit window 9, wherein the aperture 12 with a diameter of 8 mm is slightly larger than the light exit window 9 with a diameter of 6 mm.
  • the U-profile of the exit aperture 11 has two legs 13, 13 'with a leg length of about 3.5 mm. The legs 13, 13 'of the U-profile of the exit aperture 11 determine the distance of the aperture 12 from the light exit window 9.
  • this may also be formed as an annular angle profile, whose one annular leg 13 a leg length of about 3.5 mm and thus determines the distance between the aperture 12 and the light exit window 9.
  • the exit aperture 11 is attached to the front housing part 3 and at the same time electrically conductively connected to the cathode shield 8.
  • the rivet 14 is made of a nickel-based alloy and is positioned in a setting process through the ceramic housing front part 3.
  • the inventive arrangement of the exit aperture 11, the electric field in the region of the cathode screen 8 and the light exit window 9 is influenced and adjusted approximately to the level of the potential at the cathode screen.
  • the deuterium lamp 1 according to the invention is thus suitable to be used as a light source in a spectrophotometer. Even with permanent operation of up to more than 2000 hours, there is no damage to the lamp bulb 2 due to increased light absorption or light scattering.
  • FIG. 2 shows only the light-emitting housing, which lies within a lamp envelope, not shown.
  • the exit aperture 11 can be seen with a circular aperture 12.
  • the aperture 12 is in the extension of the light exit window 9, the in FIG. 2 not completely visible.
  • the exit aperture 11 is formed as an elongate component with a U-profile, which is fastened with a rivet 14 on the front housing part 3 and is electrically conductively connected to the cathode shielding window 8 via the contacting portion 15.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show two variants of a view from above of the housing according to the FIG. 2 ,
  • the cathode 7 with the cathode shielding window 8 in the front housing part 3 and the anode 6 in the rear housing part 5, as well as the exit aperture 11 according to the invention can be seen on the front housing part 3.
  • the cathode shield window 8 differs slightly in the two figures FIG. 3a
  • the cathode shielding window 8 has a contacting section 15 which includes the light exit window 9 and which is connected to the exit aperture 11 via a rivet 14 and secures and electrically contacts same.
  • the contacting section is formed by two webs 15 ', 15 ", which are spaced apart from the light exit window 9.
  • Two rivets 14, 14' connect the exit aperture 11 via the two webs 15 ', 15" to the cathode shielding window 8. Both variants ensure the function of Exit aperture 11 as Shielding space for preventing damage to the lamp bulb 2, so that they are permanently suitable for use in spectral analysis equipment.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Description

Technischer HintergrundTechnical background

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gasentladungslampe, insbesondere eine Deuteriumlampe, mit einem mit Gas gefüllten Lampenkolben und einer Anordnung innerhalb des Lampenkolbens umfassend: ein Elektroden-Gehäuse mit einem vorderen Gehäuseteil aus nicht elektrisch leitfähigem Material, einem hinteren Gehäuseteil und einer das vordere Gehäuseteil vom hinteren Gehäuseteil trennenden Gehäusezwischenwand, wobei das vordere Gehäuseteil eine Kathode, ein vor der Kathode angeordnetes Kathodenabschirmfenster und ein Lichtaustrittsfenster umfasst, das durch Entladung verursachtes Licht nach außen abgibt, und wobei das hintere Gehäuseteil eine Anode aufnimmt, die mit dem Lichtaustrittsfenster im vorderen Gehäuseteil auf einer optischen Achse liegt, wobei eine ein einstellbares elektrisches Potenzial aufweisende Austrittsblende mit einer Blendenöffnung außen vor dem Lichtaustrittsfenster angeordnet ist, wobei die Blendenöffnung in Projektion des Lichtaustrittsfensters auf der optischen Achse liegt und von diesem einen Abstand aufweist. Als Lichtquellen für die Erzeugung optischer Strahlung im sichtbaren, ultravioletten oder Infrarot-Bereich werden Gasentladungslampe eingesetzt. Diese Gasentladungslampen bestehen aus einem mit einem Füllgas gefüllten Lampenkolben, in dem zwei Elektroden (Kathode und Anode) angeordnet sind. Beim Anlegen einer Spannung zwischen den Elektroden findet eine Gasentladung statt, die mit der Emission optischer Strahlung verbunden ist.The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp, in particular a deuterium lamp, with a lamp bulb filled with gas and an arrangement within the lamp envelope comprising: an electrode housing having a front housing part made of non-electrically conductive material, a rear housing part and a front housing part of the rear housing part separating A housing intermediate wall, wherein the front housing part comprises a cathode, arranged in front of the cathode Kathodenabschirmfenster and a light exit window, which emits light caused by discharge to the outside, and wherein the rear housing part receives an anode which is located with the light emission window in the front housing part on an optical axis , Wherein an adjustable electrical potential having outlet aperture is disposed with an aperture outside the light exit window, the aperture in projection of the light exit window on the optical Ach se is located and from this has a distance. As light sources for the generation of optical radiation in the visible, ultraviolet or infrared range gas discharge lamp are used. These gas discharge lamps consist of a filled with a filling gas lamp bulb, in which two electrodes (cathode and anode) are arranged. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, a gas discharge takes place, which is associated with the emission of optical radiation.

Die Gasentladung bewirkt einen Plasmazustand innerhalb des Füllgases. Das Plasma besteht teilweise oder vollständig aus freien positiv und negativ geladenen Teilchen (Ionen, Elektronen), deren Bewegung durch die Stärke des Feldes zwischen den beiden Elektroden und durch spezielle Ausführungen des Kathoden- und des Anodenraums innerhalb des Lampenkolbens beeinflusst wird. Deuteriumlampen (Füllgas Deuterium) sind in der Regel so aufgebaut, dass während des Betriebs Teilchen aus dem Kathodenraum und aus dem Bereich des Plasmalichtbogens zwischen Kathode und Anode durch das Lichtaustrittsfenster auf den Lampenkolben aus Glas gelangen können. Dort kommt es zu Veränderungen des Glases des Lampenkolbens, was zu Lichtabsorption und - streuung führt und somit die Lebensdauer der Lampe merklich reduziert.The gas discharge causes a plasma state within the filling gas. The plasma consists partly or wholly of free positively and negatively charged particles (ions, electrons) whose motion is influenced by the strength of the field between the two electrodes and by special designs of the cathode and anode spaces within the lamp envelope. Deuterium lamps (filling gas deuterium) are usually constructed so that during operation particles from the cathode space and from the area of the plasma arc between the cathode and anode through the light exit window can get on the lamp envelope made of glass. There it changes to the glass of the lamp bulb, which leads to light absorption and - scattering and thus the life span of the lamp noticeably reduced.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus EP 0 700 072 A2 ist eine gattungsgemäße Gasentladungslampe bekannt, die eine verbesserte, stabile Lichtausbeute zeigt. Die Lampe weist einen Lampenkolben aus Quarzglas oder aus einem anderen UV-durchlässigen Glas auf und hat ein Gehäuse, dessen hinterer Teil und dessen Gehäusezwischenwand aus Keramik bestehen. Die Anode befindet sich im hinteren Teil des Gehäuses, direkt hinter einer Öffnung in der Gehäusezwischenwand, in die ein als Fokussierelektrode (focusing electrode 26) bezeichneter Formkörper teilweise hineinragt. Das Gehäusevorderteil ist aus Metall und weist ein Lichtaustrittsfenster auf. Das Gehäusevorderteil wird als Frontelektrode (front electrode 23) bezeichnet. Im vorderen Teil des Gehäuses liegt der Kathodenbereich, wobei die Kathode von einer sogenannten Kathodenbox (cathode box) umgeben ist, die von einem Flügel der Frontelektrode (Gehäusevorderteil) und einer Kathodenschlitzelektrode (cathode slit electrode 27) gebildet wird. Die Kathodenbox bewirkt eine zuverlässige Zündung und ein stabiles Potenzial im Kathodenraum, wodurch der Betriebszustand hinsichtlich der Aufrechterhaltung und Richtung des Ladungsträgerweges von der Kathode über den Formkörper (focusing electrode 26) zur Anode an Stabilität gewinnt. Sobald die Entladung unter Bildung eines Plasmas ausgelöst ist, wird die elektrische Schaltung zur Einstellung der gewünschten Leuchtkraft der Gasentladungslampe so eingerichtet, dass das Potenzial des Formkörpers negativ ist oder bei Null liegt, wodurch die Entladungsführung von der Kathode zur Anode und die Form des Plasmas optimiert werden kann.Out EP 0 700 072 A2 a generic gas discharge lamp is known, which shows an improved, stable light output. The lamp has a lamp envelope made of quartz glass or other UV-transparent glass and has a housing whose rear part and the housing intermediate wall made of ceramic. The anode is located in the rear part of the housing, directly behind an opening in the housing intermediate wall into which a shaped body designated as a focusing electrode (26) partially protrudes. The housing front part is made of metal and has a light exit window. The front housing part is referred to as the front electrode (front electrode 23). In the front part of the housing is the cathode region, wherein the cathode is surrounded by a so-called cathode box, which is formed by a wing of the front electrode (housing front part) and a cathode slit electrode 27. The cathode box effects reliable ignition and a stable potential in the cathode compartment, whereby the operating state with respect to the maintenance and direction of the charge carrier path from the cathode via the molding body (focusing electrode 26) to the anode to stability. Once the discharge is triggered to form a plasma, the electric circuit for adjusting the desired luminosity of the gas discharge lamp is set so that the potential of the molded article is negative or zero, thereby optimizing the discharge guidance from the cathode to the anode and the shape of the plasma can be.

Die DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 offenbart eine Deuteriumlampe nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Hier werden Nebenentladungen und eine damit einhergehende Erosion an dem den Entladungspfad zwischen Kathode und Anode fokussierenden Formkörper vermieden werden. Gemäß Figur 2 aus DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 besteht das Gehäusevorderteil und die Zwischenwand aus Keramik, - die Gehäuserückwand besteht aus Metall. Die Kathode im vorderen Gehäuseteil wird teilweise von der keramischen Gehäusefront umgeben, zusätzlich ist ein metallisches Kathodenabschirmfenster vorgesehen. Der Formkörper und das Kathodenabschirmfenster sind voneinander elektrisch isoliert, so dass kein Nebenstrom entsteht. Das keramische Gehäusevorderteil hat eine Öffnung zum Strahlaustritt, über die im ungünstigen Falle auch geladene Teilchen aus dem Plasma auf die Lampenkolbenoberfläche gelangen können.The DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 discloses a deuterium lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. Here, side discharges and concomitant erosion at the shaped body focusing the discharge path between the cathode and the anode are avoided. According to FIG. 2 out DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 is that Housing front and the intermediate wall made of ceramic, - The rear wall is made of metal. The cathode in the front housing part is partially surrounded by the ceramic housing front, in addition, a metallic cathode shield is provided. The molded body and the cathode shield are electrically insulated from each other, so that no side stream is formed. The ceramic housing front part has an opening for the jet outlet, through which, in the unfavorable case, charged particles can also pass from the plasma to the lamp bulb surface.

In einer anderen Variante gemäß DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 besteht nur der Kathodenraum bzw. das Kathodenabschirmfenster aus elektrisch isolierendem Material, das gesamte Gehäuse, die Zwischenwand, sowie der Formkörper hingegen sind aus Metall. Auch bei diesem Aufbau der Deuteriumlampe wird die Ausbildung von Nebenströmen vermieden. Das metallische Gehäusevorderteil weist eine Öffnung zum Strahlaustritt in Richtung des Lampenkolbens auf, die in diesem Fall mit einem blendenartigen Vorsatz versehen ist. Da der Vorsatz mit dem metallischen Gehäuse eine Einheit bildet, wird das elektrische Potenzial des Vorsatzes auf das des Gehäuses eingestellt. Der Vorsatz weist hier nur die Funktion einer Halterung für ein eventuelles Filterplättchen, aber keine elektrische Abschirmwirkung auf.In another variant according to DE 10 2008 062 410 A1 If only the cathode space or the cathode shield window of electrically insulating material, the entire housing, the intermediate wall, and the molded body, however, are made of metal. Also in this construction of the deuterium lamp, the formation of side streams is avoided. The metallic housing front part has an opening for the jet exit in the direction of the lamp bulb, which in this case is provided with a dazzle-type attachment. Since the header unites with the metallic shell, the electrical potential of the header is set to that of the shell. The attachment has here only the function of a holder for a possible filter plate, but no electrical screening effect.

Technische AufgabenstellungTechnical task

Die hier beschriebenen Entladungslampen haben den Nachteil, dass während des Betriebs Teilchen, die im Elektroden-Gehäuse freigesetzt werden, - sei es aus dem Kathodenraum oder aus dem Bereich des Plasmalichtbogens zwischen Kathode und Anode -, durch das Lichtaustrittsfenster auf den Lampenkolben aus Glas gelangen können und dort zu Schäden führen. Die Intensität bzw. die Lebensdauer der Gasentladungslampe nimmt dadurch deutlich ab. Die Teilchen können das Glas des Lampenkolbens so verändern, dass es zu Lichtabsorption und/oder Lichtstreuung kommt.The discharge lamps described here have the disadvantage that during operation particles which are released in the electrode housing, whether from the cathode space or from the area of the plasma arc between cathode and anode, can pass through the light exit window onto the lamp envelope made of glass and cause damage there. The intensity or the life of the gas discharge lamp thereby decreases significantly. The particles can change the glass of the lamp bulb so that it comes to light absorption and / or light scattering.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Gasentladungslampe bereitzustellen, die im Betrieb keine Schädigung des Lampenkolbenmaterials zeigt und somit eine Erhöhung der Intensität und der Lebensdauer der Lampe bewirkt. Die Gasentladungslampe soll zudem einfach und kostengünstig in der Herstellung sein.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a gas discharge lamp, which shows no damage to the lamp bulb material during operation and thus causes an increase in the intensity and the life of the lamp. The Gas discharge lamp should also be easy and inexpensive to manufacture.

Allgemeine Beschreibung der ErfindungGeneral description of the invention

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einer Gasentladungslampe der eingangs genannten Gattung erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das elektrische Potenzial der Austrittsblende durch eine elektrische Verbindung mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster eingestellt wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Gasentladungslampe umfasst einen mit Gas, insbesondere Deuterium, gefüllten Lampenkolben, wobei innerhalb des Lampenkolbens ein Elektroden-Gehäuse angeordnet ist, das ein vorderes Gehäuseteil aus nicht elektrisch leitfähigem Material, ein hinteres Gehäuseteil und eine das vordere vom hinteren Gehäuseteil trennende Gehäusezwischenwand aufweist. Im vorderen Gehäuseteil befindet sich der Kathodenraum mit einer Kathode und einem vor dieser angeordnetem Kathodenabschirmfenster. Der Anodenraum mit einer Anode ist im hinteren Gehäuseteil gelegen. Die Anode steht einer Öffnung in der Gehäusezwischenwand und einem Lichtaustrittsfenster im vorderen Gehäuseteil gegenüber, so dass die Anode, die Öffnung in der Gehäusezwischenwand und das Lichtaustrittsfenster auf einer optischen Achse A liegen. Über das Lichtaustrittsfenster wird das durch Entladung verursachte Licht nach außen abgegeben. Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Austrittsblende mit einer Blendenöffnung außen am vorderen Gehäuseteil und vor dem Lichtaustrittsfenster angeordnet, deren Potenzial durch eine elektrische Verbindung mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster eingestellt wird. Die Blendenöffnung liegt in Projektion des Lichtaustrittsfensters und weist von diesem einen Abstand auf. Der Mittelpunkt der Blendenöffnung und der des Lichtaustrittsfensters liegen somit auf der optischen Achse A der Gasentladungslampe. Das elektrische Potenzial der Austrittsblende beeinflusst das elektrische Feld im Bereich des Lichtaustrittsfensters, so dass eine Art Abschirmung geschaffen wird, die den Lampenkolben vor schädigenden Teilchen aus dem Elektroden-Gehäuse schützt. Zusätzlich spielt die Geometrie der Austrittsblende eine Rolle, so dass ein minimaler Abstand zwischen Lichtaustrittsfenster und Blendenöffnung notwendig ist, um die Abschirmungswirkung ausreichend zur Geltung zu bringen. Das Zusammenwirken der geometrischen Verhältnisse der Austrittsblende und des elektrischen Potenzials der Austrittsblende beeinflusst das elektrische Feld im Bereich des Lichtaustrittsfensters, was sich wiederum auf die Bewegung von Teilchen (Ionen, Elektronen) aus dem Plasma oder von Teilchen, die im Elektroden-Gehäuse während des Betriebs der Lampe entstehen, auswirkt.This object is achieved on the basis of a gas discharge lamp of the type mentioned in the present invention in that the electrical potential of the exit aperture is adjusted by an electrical connection with the cathode shield. The gas discharge lamp according to the invention comprises a lamp vessel filled with gas, in particular deuterium, an electrode housing having a front housing part of non-electrically conductive material, a rear housing part and a housing intermediate wall separating the front housing part from the rear housing part being arranged inside the lamp vessel. In the front housing part is the cathode compartment with a cathode and arranged in front of this Kathodenabschirmfenster. The anode compartment with an anode is located in the rear housing part. The anode faces an opening in the housing intermediate wall and a light exit window in the front housing part, so that the anode, the opening in the housing intermediate wall and the light exit window lie on an optical axis A. The light caused by the discharge is emitted to the outside via the light emission window. According to the invention, an exit aperture with an aperture opening is arranged on the outside of the front housing part and in front of the light exit window, the potential of which is set by an electrical connection to the cathode shielding window. The aperture is in projection of the light exit window and has a distance from this. The center of the aperture and the light exit window are thus on the optical axis A of the gas discharge lamp. The electrical potential of the exit aperture affects the electric field in the region of the light exit window, thus creating a kind of shield which protects the lamp envelope from damaging particles from the electrode housing. In addition, the geometry of the exit aperture plays a role, so that a minimum distance between the light exit window and aperture is necessary to bring the shielding effect sufficiently advantage. The interaction of the geometric relationships of the exit aperture and the electrical potential of the exit aperture affects the electric field in the region of the light exit window, which in turn depends on the movement of particles (ions, electrons) from the plasma or particles in the electrode housing during operation the lamp arise, affects.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Austrittsblende und durch deren elektrisches Potenzial werden somit durch die vorgenannten Teilchen hervorgerufene Sputtereffekte oder andere Schädigungen des Lampenkolbenmaterials verhindert, was bei stabiler, hoher Lichtintensität die Lebensdauer der Lampe verlängert.The arrangement according to the invention of the exit aperture and its electrical potential thus prevent sputtering effects or other damage to the lamp envelope material caused by the abovementioned particles, which lengthens the lamp life with stable, high light intensity.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsformen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform sieht die Erfindung vor, dass die Austrittsblende als U-Profil ausgebildet ist, dessen Schenkel das vordere Gehäuseteil berühren und den Abstand zum Lichtaustrittsfenster bilden. Der Einsatz eines U-Profils als Austrittsblende ist eine Lösung, die hinsichtlich der Montage leicht zu verwirklichen ist. Die Schenkellänge ist in Standardbauteilen einfach zu bemaßen. Die Blendenöffnung kann in derartigen U-Profilen vorab durch Ausstanzen angebracht werden, so dass nur noch ein Ablängen des für die jeweilige Lampe erforderlichen U-Profils als Austrittsblende erforderlich ist. In der Regel wird das U-Profil etwa über die gesamte Höhe des vorderen Gehäuseteils angeordnet, was sich im Hinblick auf die Abschirmungswirkung dieser Austrittsblende besonders positiv auswirkt. Das U-Profil kann an einer oder mehreren Stellen Ansätze aufweisen, die als Befestigungs- und/oder Kontaktierungspositionen dienen. Diese Ansätze beeinflussen jedoch die Grundform des U-Profils nicht.In an advantageous embodiment, the invention provides that the exit aperture is formed as a U-profile, the legs of which touch the front housing part and form the distance to the light exit window. The use of a U-profile as exit aperture is a solution that is easy to implement in terms of assembly. The leg length is easy to dimension in standard components. The aperture can be mounted in advance in such U-profiles by punching, so that only a cutting to length of the required for each lamp U-profile is required as an exit panel. As a rule, the U-profile is arranged approximately over the entire height of the front housing part, which has a particularly positive effect in terms of the shielding effect of this exit panel. The U-profile may have at one or more points approaches that serve as mounting and / or contacting positions. However, these approaches do not affect the basic shape of the U-profile.

Eine alternative und ebenfalls bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Austrittsblende ist die der Ringform. In der ringförmigen Ausbildung umschließt die Austrittsblende das Lichtaustrittsfenster, wobei der durch diese Ausführung der Austrittsblende entstehende Abschirmungsraum vor dem Lichtaustrittsfenster durch die Wahl des Ringdurchmessers und eines Ringprofils im Hinblick auf einen optimalen Schutz des Lampenkolbens vor Schädigungen durch etwaige Teilchen aus dem Plasma weiter ausgestaltet werden kann. Dabei hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die ringförmige Austrittsblende ein Winkelprofil aufweist, dessen einer Schenkel den Abstand zum Lichtaustrittsfenster festlegt, oder, wenn die ringförmige Austrittsblende ein Halbrund-Profil aufweist, dessen Durchmesser den Abstand zum Lichtaustrittsfenster festlegt. Die Austrittsblende, ob sie ein U-Profil ist oder ringförmiger Natur besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Metall. Metall als gut elektrisch leitfähiger Werkstoff ist in vielfältigen geometrischen Formen verfügbar, so dass Metall als Werkstoff für die Austrittsblende besonders geeignet ist. Ein für diesen Einsatz bevorzugtes Metall ist Nickel oder eine Nickel-Basislegierung. Andere Metalle sind prinzipiell ebenso geeignet, soweit die elektrische Leitfähigkeit, die Verarbeitbarkeit und die Umgebungstemperaturen im Lampenkolben ihren Einsatz nicht limitieren oder ausschließen.An alternative and also preferred embodiment of the exit aperture is that of the ring shape. In the annular formation, the exit aperture encloses the light exit window, whereby the shielding space created by this embodiment of the exit aperture can be further developed in front of the light exit window by the choice of the ring diameter and a ring profile with respect to optimum protection of the lamp envelope from damage by any particles from the plasma , It has proved to be advantageous if the annular exit aperture has an angle profile, one leg of which defines the distance to the light exit window, or if the annular exit aperture has a semi-circular profile whose diameter defines the distance to the light exit window. The exit aperture, whether it is a U-profile or ring-shaped, is preferably made of a metal. Metal as a good electrically conductive material is available in a variety of geometric shapes, so that metal is particularly suitable as a material for the exit aperture. A preferred metal for this application is nickel or a nickel-base alloy. Other metals are suitable in principle as well, as far as the electrical conductivity, the processability and the ambient temperatures in the bulb do not limit their use or exclude.

Es hat sich bewährt, wenn der Abstand zwischen Blendenöffnung und Lichtaustrittsfenster mindestens einen Millimeter beträgt. Begrenzend für den Abstand zwischen Lichtaustrittsfenster und Blendenöffnung ist der Abstand der Austrittsblende zum Lampenkolben. Eine direkte Berührung der Austrittsblende mit dem Lampenkolben muss jedoch vermieden werden, da dies zu mechanischen Schäden am Lampenkolben führen und somit die Funktion und Lebensdauer der Gasentladungslampe beeinträchtigen kann. Andererseits ist der minimale Abstand von 1 mm zum Lichtaustrittsfenster notwendig, um einen Raum vor dem Lichtaustrittsfenster zu schaffen, der eine Art Abschirmung für aus dem Elektroden-Gehäuse bzw. dem Plasma austretende Teilchen gegenüber dem Lampenkolben bildet. Dieser Abschirmungsraum hat seine Wirkung auch hinsichtlich einer Begrenzung der Temperatur des Lampenkolbens zumindest im Bereich des Lichtaustritts. Die Einstellung des elektrischen Potenzials der Austrittsblende erfolgt erfindungsgemäß durch eine Verbindung mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster. Hierzu ist eine Kontaktierung zwischen Austrittsblende und Kathodenabschirmfenster notwendig. Für die elektrische Kontaktierung zwischen Austrittsblende und Kathodenabschirmfenster ist es wichtig, dass die Verbindung einen möglichst geringen Übergangswiderstand hat. Die Lage der elektrischen Verbindung ist von untergeordneter Bedeutung.It has proven useful if the distance between the aperture and the light exit window is at least one millimeter. Limiting the distance between the light exit window and the aperture is the distance of the exit aperture to the lamp envelope. However, a direct contact of the exit aperture with the lamp envelope must be avoided as this can lead to mechanical damage to the lamp envelope and thus impair the function and life of the gas discharge lamp. On the other hand, the minimum distance of 1 mm to the light exit window is necessary to create a space in front of the light exit window, which forms a kind of shield for emerging from the electrode housing or the plasma particles relative to the lamp envelope. This shielding space has its effect also with regard to limiting the temperature of the lamp bulb, at least in the region of the light exit. The adjustment of the electrical potential of the exit aperture is effected according to the invention by a connection with the cathode shielding window. For this purpose, a contact between the exit panel and cathode shield is necessary. For the electrical contact between the exit aperture and the cathode shielding window, it is important that the connection has the lowest possible contact resistance. The location of the electrical connection is of minor importance.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt die Verbindung zwischen Austrittsblende und Kathodenabschirmfenster durch das vordere Gehäuseteil hindurch mittels mindestens einem metallischen Niet, der gleichzeitig die Austrittsblende mechanisch am vorderen Gehäuseteil befestigt. Die Nietverbindung gewährleistet eine gut leitfähige Verbindung zwischen Austrittsblende und Kathodenabschirmfenster, die überdies sauber und präzise in der Ausführung ist. Der Niet wird durch das vordere Gehäuseteil hindurch gesetzt und dient auch zur Befestigung der Austrittsblende am Gehäusevorderteil. Grundsätzlich ist an Stelle der Nietverbindung auch eine Verbindung mittels einer Schraube möglich, die gegebenenfalls durch eine Bohrung durch das vordere Gehäuseteil gesetzt wird. Das vordere Gehäuseteil selbst ist aus elektrisch nicht leitenden Material, das heißt in der Regel aus einem keramischen Material wie beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid.Advantageously, the connection between the exit aperture and the cathode shielding window is effected through the front housing part by means of at least one metallic rivet which at the same time mechanically fastens the exit aperture to the front housing part. The riveted joint ensures a good conductive connection between the exit aperture and the cathode shield window, which is also clean and precise in design. The rivet is set through the front housing part and also serves to attach the exit panel to the front of the housing. Basically, instead of the rivet connection, a connection by means of a screw is possible, which is optionally set by a bore through the front housing part. The front housing part itself is made of electrically non-conductive material, that is usually of a ceramic material such as alumina.

Um korrosive Veränderungen an der Verbindung zwischen Austrittsblende und Kathodenabschirmfenster auszuschließen, die ihrerseits das elektrische Feld im Bereich des Lichtaustrittsfenster beeinflussen können, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Austrittsblende, das Kathodenabschirmfenster und der Niet aus dem gleichen Metall bestehen.To exclude corrosive changes in the connection between the exit aperture and the cathode shield window, which in turn causes the electric field in the Area of the light emission window, it has proved to be advantageous if the exit aperture, the cathode shield and the rivet of the same metal.

Hinsichtlich der Größe der Blendenöffnung der Austrittsblende hat es sich bewährt, wenn diese größer ist als das Lichtaustrittsfenster. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der Blendenöffnung wird der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, dass der vom Plasma im Innern des vorderen Gehäuseteils ausgehende Lichtkegel durch die Blendenöffnung in der Austrittsblende nicht oder nur unwesentlich eingeschränkt wird. Diese Maßnahme ist insbesondere hinsichtlich einer möglichst hohen Lichtausbeute der Gasentladungslampe von Bedeutung.With regard to the size of the aperture of the exit aperture, it has proven useful if it is greater than the light exit window. Through this design of the aperture, the fact is taken into account that the light cone emanating from the plasma in the interior of the front housing part is not or only marginally restricted by the aperture in the exit aperture. This measure is particularly important in terms of the highest possible light output of the gas discharge lamp of importance.

Für Gasentladungslampe wird bevorzugt als Material für den Lampenkolben ein Borosilikatglas eingesetzt. Das Borosilikatglas ist chemikalien- und temperaturbeständig und für den gewünschten Wellenlängenbereich der Gasentladungslampe ausreichend transparent. Ein derartiger Lampenkolben ist daher für Gasentladungslampen, die beispielsweise in Spektralphotometern eingesetzt werden, gut geeignet.For gas discharge lamp, a borosilicate glass is preferably used as the material for the lamp envelope. The borosilicate glass is resistant to chemicals and temperature and sufficiently transparent for the desired wavelength range of the gas discharge lamp. Such a lamp bulb is therefore well suited for gas discharge lamps, which are used for example in spectrophotometers.

Gasentladungslampe mit den vorgenannten Merkmalen finden Verwendung für analytische Zwecke, insbesondere als Lichtquelle bei der Spektralanalyse.Gas discharge lamp with the aforementioned features are used for analytical purposes, in particular as a light source in spectral analysis.

Ausführungsbeispielembodiment

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer Patentzeichnung und eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Im Einzelnen zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Gasentladungslampe auf Basis eines schematischen Querschnitts,
Figur 2
eine perspektivische Front-Ansicht des Gehäuses einer erfindungsgemäßen Gasentladungslampe und
Figur 3a, 3b
je eine perspektivische Ansicht von oben auf das Gehäuse von Figur 2
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a patent drawing and an embodiment. In detail shows:
FIG. 1
a representation of the gas discharge lamp according to the invention based on a schematic cross section,
FIG. 2
a front perspective view of the housing of a gas discharge lamp according to the invention and
Figure 3a, 3b
depending on a perspective view from above of the housing of FIG. 2

In Figur 1 ist eine Deuteriumlampe 1 im Querschnitt schematisch entlang der optischen Achse A dargestellt. Die Lampe 1 weist einen Lampenkolben 2 und ein zweiteiliges Gehäuse auf, bestehend aus einem vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 mit einer Gehäusezwischenwand 4 aus Keramik, in diesem Fall Aluminiumoxid, sowie aus einem hinteren Gehäuseteil 5 aus Metall. Der Lampenkolben 2 ist mit Gas, hier Deuterium, gefüllt. Im hinteren Gehäuseteil 5 befindet sich die Anode 6. Im vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 sind eine Kathode 7 und ein aus einem Nickelblech bestehendes Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 angeordnet. Weiterhin hat das vordere Gehäuseteil 3 ein Lichtaustrittsfenster 9, das der Anode 6 gegenüber steht und mit dieser die optische Achse A der Gasentladungslampe bildet. Das Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 hat eine Öffnung 16 in Richtung der optischen Achse A. Beim Betrieb der Lampe 1 bildet sich zwischen der Kathode 7 und der Anode 6 eine Entladung aus, die ein kontinuierliches UV-Spektrum liefert. Zur Erhöhung der Strahlungsintensität ist vor der Öffnung 17 der Gehäusezwischenwand 4 und der Anode 6 ein Formkörper 10 angeordnet, der durch Ladungsträgerkonzentration das Plasma kugelartig einschnürt.In FIG. 1 a deuterium lamp 1 is shown schematically in cross section along the optical axis A. The lamp 1 has a lamp bulb 2 and a two-part housing, consisting of a front housing part 3 with a housing intermediate wall 4 made of ceramic, in this case aluminum oxide, as well as a rear housing part 5 made of metal. The lamp bulb 2 is filled with gas, here deuterium. In the rear housing part 5 is the anode 6. In the front housing part 3, a cathode 7 and an existing of a nickel sheet cathode shield 8 are arranged. Furthermore, the front housing part 3 has a light exit window 9 which faces the anode 6 and forms with it the optical axis A of the gas discharge lamp. The cathode shield window 8 has an opening 16 in the direction of the optical axis A. During operation of the lamp 1, a discharge forms between the cathode 7 and the anode 6, which provides a continuous UV spectrum. To increase the radiation intensity, a shaped body 10 is arranged in front of the opening 17 of the housing intermediate wall 4 and the anode 6, which constricts the plasma in the form of a sphere by means of charge carrier concentration.

Der durch die Entladung und Ausbildung des Plasmas entstehende Lichtkegel (nicht dargestellt) gelangt entlang der optischen Achse A durch das Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 in Richtung des Lampenkolbens 2. Außen auf dem vorderen Gehäuseteil 3, vor dem Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 ist eine Austrittsblende 11 aus einem Nickelblech mit einem U-Profil angeordnet. Die Austrittsblende 11 hat eine Blendenöffnung 12, die in Projektion zum Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 liegt, wobei die Blendenöffnung 12 mit einem Durchmesser von 8 mm etwas größer ist als das Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 mit einem Durchmesser von 6 mm. Das U-Profil der Austrittsblende 11 hat zwei Schenkel 13, 13' mit einer Schenkellänge von etwa 3,5 mm. Die Schenkel 13, 13' des U-Profils der Austrittsblende 11 bestimmen den Abstand der Blendenöffnung 12 vom Lichtaustrittsfenster 9. Alternativ zum U-Profil der Austrittsblende 11 kann diese auch als ein ringförmiges Winkelprofil ausgebildet sein, dessen einer ringförmiger Schenkel 13 eine Schenkellänge von etwa 3,5 mm hat und damit den Abstand zwischen der Blendenöffnung 12 und dem Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 bestimmt. Über einen Niet 14 ist die Austrittsblende 11 am vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 befestigt und gleichzeitig mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Der Niet 14 besteht aus einer Nickel-Basislegierung und wird in einem Setzvorgang durch das keramische Gehäusevorderteil 3 hindurch positioniert. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung der Austrittsblende 11 wird das elektrische Feld im Bereich des Kathodenabschirmfensters 8 und des Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 beeinflusst und etwa auf das Niveau des Potenzial am Kathodenabschirmfenster eingestellt. In diesem Bereich ist mit einem Potenzial in der Größenordnung von 10 bis 20 Volt zu rechnen, wohingegen zwischen Kathode 7 und Anode 6 etwa 60 bis 100 V anliegen. Die erfindungsgemäße Deuteriumlampe 1 ist somit geeignet als Lichtquelle in einem Spektralphotometer eingesetzt zu werden. Es kommt auch bei dauerhaften Betrieb von bis zu mehr als 2000 Stunden zu keiner Schädigung des Lampenkolbens 2 durch dadurch erhöhten Lichtabsorption oder Lichtstreuung.The resulting by the discharge and formation of the plasma light cone (not shown) passes along the optical axis A through the light exit window 9 in the direction of the lamp envelope 2. Outside on the front housing part 3, in front of the light exit window 9 is an exit aperture 11 of a nickel sheet with a U-profile arranged. The exit aperture 11 has an aperture 12 which is projected to the light exit window 9, wherein the aperture 12 with a diameter of 8 mm is slightly larger than the light exit window 9 with a diameter of 6 mm. The U-profile of the exit aperture 11 has two legs 13, 13 'with a leg length of about 3.5 mm. The legs 13, 13 'of the U-profile of the exit aperture 11 determine the distance of the aperture 12 from the light exit window 9. Alternatively to the U-profile of the exit aperture 11, this may also be formed as an annular angle profile, whose one annular leg 13 a leg length of about 3.5 mm and thus determines the distance between the aperture 12 and the light exit window 9. Via a rivet 14, the exit aperture 11 is attached to the front housing part 3 and at the same time electrically conductively connected to the cathode shield 8. The rivet 14 is made of a nickel-based alloy and is positioned in a setting process through the ceramic housing front part 3. The inventive arrangement of the exit aperture 11, the electric field in the region of the cathode screen 8 and the light exit window 9 is influenced and adjusted approximately to the level of the potential at the cathode screen. In this area is to be expected with a potential in the order of 10 to 20 volts, whereas between cathode 7 and anode 6 about 60 to 100 V are applied. The deuterium lamp 1 according to the invention is thus suitable to be used as a light source in a spectrophotometer. Even with permanent operation of up to more than 2000 hours, there is no damage to the lamp bulb 2 due to increased light absorption or light scattering.

Figur 2 zeigt nur das Licht emittierenden Gehäuse, das innerhalb eines nicht dargestellten Lampenkolbens liegt. In einer perspektivischen Front-Ansicht ist die Austrittsblende 11 mit einer kreisförmigen Blendenöffnung 12 zu erkennen. Die Blendenöffnung 12 liegt in der Verlängerung des Lichtaustrittsfenster 9, das in Figur 2 nicht ganz vollständig zu sehen ist. Die Austrittsblende 11 ist als ein längliches Bauteil mit U-Profil ausgebildet, das mit einem Niet 14 am vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 befestigt und über den Kontaktierungsabschnitt 15 mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. FIG. 2 shows only the light-emitting housing, which lies within a lamp envelope, not shown. In a perspective front view, the exit aperture 11 can be seen with a circular aperture 12. The aperture 12 is in the extension of the light exit window 9, the in FIG. 2 not completely visible. The exit aperture 11 is formed as an elongate component with a U-profile, which is fastened with a rivet 14 on the front housing part 3 and is electrically conductively connected to the cathode shielding window 8 via the contacting portion 15.

Die Figuren 3a und 3b zeigen zwei Varianten einer Ansicht von oben auf das Gehäuse gemäß der Figur 2. Hierbei sind jeweils die Kathode 7 mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 im vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 und die Anode 6 im hinteren Gehäuseteil 5, sowie die erfindungsgemäße Austrittsblende 11 am vorderen Gehäuseteil 3 zu erkennen. Das Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 unterscheidet sich geringfügig in den beiden Figuren: Bei Figur 3a hat das Kathodenabschirmfenster 8 einen das Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 umfassenden Kontaktierungsabschnitt 15, der über eine Niet 14 mit der Austrittsblende 11 verbunden ist und diese befestigt und elektrisch kontaktiert. In der Variante gemäß Figur 3b wird der Kontaktierungsabschnitt von zwei Stegen 15', 15" gebildet, die vom Lichtaustrittsfenster 9 beabstandet sind. Zwei Nieten 14, 14' verbinden die Austrittsblende 11 über die beiden Stege 15', 15" mit dem Kathodenabschirmfenster 8. Beide Varianten sichern die Funktion der Austrittsblende 11 als Abschirmungsraum zur Verhinderung von Schädigungen am Lampenkolben 2, so dass sie für die Verwendung in Geräten zur Spektralanalyse dauerhaft geeignet sind.The FIGS. 3a and 3b show two variants of a view from above of the housing according to the FIG. 2 , In this case, in each case the cathode 7 with the cathode shielding window 8 in the front housing part 3 and the anode 6 in the rear housing part 5, as well as the exit aperture 11 according to the invention can be seen on the front housing part 3. The cathode shield window 8 differs slightly in the two figures FIG. 3a For example, the cathode shielding window 8 has a contacting section 15 which includes the light exit window 9 and which is connected to the exit aperture 11 via a rivet 14 and secures and electrically contacts same. In the variant according to FIG. 3b the contacting section is formed by two webs 15 ', 15 ", which are spaced apart from the light exit window 9. Two rivets 14, 14' connect the exit aperture 11 via the two webs 15 ', 15" to the cathode shielding window 8. Both variants ensure the function of Exit aperture 11 as Shielding space for preventing damage to the lamp bulb 2, so that they are permanently suitable for use in spectral analysis equipment.

Claims (11)

  1. Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp (1), with a gas-filled lamp bulb (2), comprising:
    an electrode housing with a front housing part (3) of non-electrically conductive material, a rear housing part (5) and a housing interim wall (4) separating the front housing part (3) from the rear housing part (5), with the front housing part (3) comprising a cathode (7), a cathode shielding window (8) arranged before the cathode (7) and a light exit window (9) that emits light emitted by discharge outwards, and with the rear housing part (5) holding an anode (6) that is placed on a visual axis with the light exit window (9) in the front housing part (3), with
    an exit cover (11) with an adjustable electrical potential with an aperture (12) arranged at the outside in front of the light exit window (9), with the aperture (12) placed on the visual axis A in projection of the light exit window (9) and placed at a distance from it, characterised in that the electrical potential of the exit cover (11) is adjusted by an electrical connection to the cathode shielding window (8).
  2. Gas discharge lamp according to claim 1, characterised in that the exit cover (11) is formed as a U-profile with its legs (13; 13') touching the front housing part (3) and specifying the distance from the light exit window (9).
  3. Gas discharge lamp according to claim 1, characterised in that the exit cover (11) is formed ring-shaped.
  4. Gas discharge lamp according to claim 3, characterised in that the ring-shaped exit cover (11) has an angle profile of which one leg (13; 13') determines the distance from the light exit window, or that the ring-shaped exit cover (11) has a half-round profile the diameter of which specifies the distance from the light exit window.
  5. Gas discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the exit cover (11) is formed of a metal.
  6. Gas discharge lamp according to claim 5, characterised in that the metal comprises nickel or a nickel based alloy.
  7. Gas discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the distance between the aperture (12) and light exit window (9) is at least 1 mm.
  8. Gas discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the connection between the exit cover (11) and the cathode shielding window (8) is made through the front housing part (3) with at least one metallic rivet (14; 14') that at the same time attaches the exit cover (11) to the front housing part (3) mechanically.
  9. Gas discharge lamp according to claim 8, characterised in that the exit cover (11), the cathode shielding window (8) and the rivet (14; 14') are made of the same metal.
  10. Gas discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the aperture (12) of the exit cover (11) is larger than the light exit window (9).
  11. Gas discharge lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the lamp bulb (2) is a borosilicate glass.
EP16184237.2A 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp, with light exit diaphragm for blocking contaminants Active EP3118888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013107694.7A DE102013107694A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2013-07-18 Gas discharge lamp and its use
EP14734840.3A EP3022763A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp and use thereof

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14734840.3A Division EP3022763A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp and use thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3118888A1 EP3118888A1 (en) 2017-01-18
EP3118888B1 true EP3118888B1 (en) 2017-10-25

Family

ID=51062830

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14734840.3A Withdrawn EP3022763A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp and use thereof
EP16184237.2A Active EP3118888B1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp, with light exit diaphragm for blocking contaminants

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14734840.3A Withdrawn EP3022763A1 (en) 2013-07-18 2014-07-04 Gas discharge lamp and use thereof

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3022763A1 (en)
CN (1) CN105556639A (en)
DE (1) DE102013107694A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015007548A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59184451A (en) * 1983-04-01 1984-10-19 Hitachi Ltd Hydrogen light emission tube
US4910431A (en) * 1987-04-24 1990-03-20 W. C. Heraeus Gmbh Hydrogen discharge ultraviolet light source or lamp, and method of its manufacture
DE3902144A1 (en) * 1989-01-25 1990-08-02 Heraeus Gmbh W C DEUTERIUM LAMP FOR SPECTRAL ANALYSIS DEVICES
JPH0660852A (en) * 1992-08-12 1994-03-04 Hitachi Ltd Heavy-hydrogen discharge tube
JP2769436B2 (en) 1994-08-31 1998-06-25 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Gas discharge tube and lighting device thereof
JP4932185B2 (en) * 2005-06-30 2012-05-16 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Gas discharge tube, light source device, and liquid chromatograph
DE102006040613B3 (en) * 2006-08-30 2007-11-29 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Translucent low pressure discharge hydrogen lamp for spectral analytical application, has metallic housing construction protecting discharge chamber in bulb filled with deuterium
DE102008062410A1 (en) 2008-12-17 2010-07-01 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Cathode shielding in deuterium lamps

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105556639A (en) 2016-05-04
WO2015007548A1 (en) 2015-01-22
DE102013107694A1 (en) 2015-01-22
EP3118888A1 (en) 2017-01-18
EP3022763A1 (en) 2016-05-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3222511C2 (en) Fine focus X-ray tube
DE3716485C1 (en) Xenon short-arc discharge lamp
DE19628925B4 (en) Discharge lamp with a filling that contains deuterium, hydrogen, mercury, a metal halide or noble gas
DE69111158T2 (en) Gas discharge tube.
DE102011113681A1 (en) Lamp unit for generation of optical radiation, has discharge chamber containing filling gas, ignition source for generating plasma zone within discharge chamber and laser for providing energy to plasma zone by laser beam
DE112014005524T5 (en) Light emitting, sealed body
EP3118888B1 (en) Gas discharge lamp, in particular deuterium lamp, with light exit diaphragm for blocking contaminants
EP2359384B1 (en) Cathode shielding for deuterium lamps
DE3908553C1 (en) Gas-discharge lamp
DE10331510B4 (en) Short arc discharge lamp and light source device
DE102014105028A1 (en) Gas discharge lamp and its use
DE3008751C2 (en) Visibility meter
DE10057823A1 (en) High pressure discharge lamp for motor vehicle headlamps has annular flange that matches holders of vehicle headlamps for halogen lamps and is fixed to base with snap or latching fitting
EP2057663B1 (en) Shine-through hydrogen lamp
DE2908350C2 (en) Glow discharge lamp for qualitative and quantitative spectral analysis
EP1858129A2 (en) Switching spark gap with a corona electrode
DE19630565B4 (en) Electrodeless gas discharge lamp
DE102011082323A1 (en) High-pressure discharge lamp for motor vehicle headlights
DE2542800C3 (en) Xenon lamp
DE4134810C2 (en) Photocell, especially for the detection of UV radiation
DE102011055368A1 (en) Compact high-pressure discharge lamp with textured outer bulb
DE839419C (en) Circuit arrangement for generating periodic flashes of light, in particular for stroboscopic purposes
DE553970C (en) Electric darkroom lamp
DE594817C (en) Vehicle headlights with electric gas or steam lamps
DE670158C (en) Electric cathode glow lamp

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20160816

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 3022763

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20170803

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AC Divisional application: reference to earlier application

Ref document number: 3022763

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: P

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 940647

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20171115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502014006010

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20171025

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180125

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180125

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180126

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20180225

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502014006010

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20180726

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180704

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20180731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180704

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502014006010

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: BRAND, NORMEN, DR. RER. NAT., DE

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502014006010

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: BRAND, NORMEN, DIPL.-CHEM. UNIV. DR. RER. NAT., DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20140704

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171025

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20171025

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 940647

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190704

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180704

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190704

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230530

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230721

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230726

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230719

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502014006010

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: MEWBURN ELLIS LLP, DE