EP3114288B1 - Treillis d'armature pour la construction en béton - Google Patents

Treillis d'armature pour la construction en béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3114288B1
EP3114288B1 EP15706831.3A EP15706831A EP3114288B1 EP 3114288 B1 EP3114288 B1 EP 3114288B1 EP 15706831 A EP15706831 A EP 15706831A EP 3114288 B1 EP3114288 B1 EP 3114288B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cross
filament yarns
performance filament
grid
reinforcement
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3114288A1 (fr
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Chokri Cherif
Manfred Curbach
Peter Offermann
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Technische Universitaet Dresden
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Technische Universitaet Dresden
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Priority to HRP20201164TT priority Critical patent/HRP20201164T1/hr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reinforcement grid for concrete construction according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Reinforcement mesh made from high-performance textile filament yarns such as glass rovings and carbon fiber yarns, have been used in the construction industry for many years.
  • Reinforcement meshes of this type are constructed from high-performance filament yarns which are arranged in at least a first direction, a so-called main load direction, to a first thread layer, and threads which are arranged in at least one second direction deviating from the at least first direction to a second thread layer.
  • the two layers of thread were connected to form a textile fabric via crossing points.
  • a biaxial textile fabric is produced with usually a 0 ° direction and a 90 ° direction.
  • the 0 ° direction is called the warp direction.
  • a multiaxial textile fabric is created, for example with 0 ° / ⁇ 45 ° orientation.
  • Directions across or at an angle to the warp direction are each referred to as the weft direction.
  • High-performance filament yarns in the sense of the present invention consist of many thousands of individual filaments, which are completely adhesively bonded to one another by impregnation high utilization of the mechanical properties of the individual filaments in the yarn and thus to ensure in a textile concrete.
  • the high-performance filament yarns according to the invention have a microfilm on an outer surface.
  • a microfilm is a thin, coherent layer with a thickness in the micrometer range.
  • Glass rovings arranged in parallel (as thread coulter) and textile reinforcement mesh made of thread coulters which are generally arranged in a 0 ° / 90 ° orientation are known in different mesh openings adapted to the application, also preferably made of glass rovings, for reinforcing thin concrete slabs in the main direction of load.
  • carbon filament yarns Due to the significantly higher mechanical characteristics of carbon fibers and the resistance to alkali given to glass fibers, carbon filament yarns are increasingly being used.
  • Threads in the sense of the present invention do not run in the main load direction.
  • the threads can consist of any textile fiber that is chemically harmless in combination with concrete.
  • inexpensive synthetic polymer fiber materials of organic origin for example polypropylene and / or polyester, can advantageously be used for this.
  • the threads can be impregnated.
  • the threads either have no reinforcement function and are irrelevant for the dimensioning of the building structure, or they also consist of high-performance filament yarns for a secondary load direction.
  • threads made of high-performance filament yarns have a significantly smaller cross-section than the high-performance filament yarns in the main load direction.
  • the small thickness is the advantage connected that the reinforcement grid can be rolled in the direction of the second thread layer.
  • the high-performance filament yarns are known to be connected to one another with a matrix that also serves to impregnate the yarns, which consist of thousands of individual filaments. Impregnation is necessary to ensure that the mechanical properties of the individual filaments are used to a high degree in the yarn and thus in the textile concrete.
  • the bond between the concrete and these reinforcement grids is essentially determined by friction.
  • the interface between the concrete matrix and the high-performance filament yarns is of crucial importance. This in turn depends on the matrix material used to impregnate the yarn.
  • an outer, very thin layer is also formed.
  • Aqueous polymer dispersions, but also epoxy resin dispersions or pure duromeric matrix materials are often used.
  • a disadvantage compared to the positive locking resulting from the profiling of the surface of steel bars and steel wires in constructive concrete construction is that the bond lengths and end anchoring lengths are sometimes very large due to the transfer of the bond force due to frictional engagement compared to short bond lengths between the concrete and steel reinforcement, and also due to media influences (Temperature changes, water, etc.) can be negatively influenced.
  • Reinforcement grids made from high-performance filament yarns have significant advantages over steel reinforcements featured.
  • the absence of corrosion enables very little concrete cover, so that slimmer components and reinforcement layers only a few millimeters to centimeters thick when reinforcing structures, e.g. B. to increase the load capacity may be required.
  • the transferable tensile forces per mm 2 of a reinforcement cross-section are up to 6 times that of steel reinforcement.
  • the flexibility and rollability can be adjusted up to the free formability of the reinforcement mesh made of high-performance filament yarns.
  • a decisive disadvantage compared to steel reinforcement is the largely missing form fit between the high-performance filament yarns and the concrete.
  • the high-performance filament yarns are in their linear alignment and due to the constant diameter of the many thousands of individual filaments, e.g. B. with carbon filaments of 7 microns, after impregnation as a smooth, thin, more or less stiff bundle of threads linearly embedded in the concrete.
  • Their cross-sectional shape can be circular, elliptical or ribbon-shaped.
  • the cross-sectional area ranges from less than one mm 2 to a few mm 2 (e.g. approx. 1.9 mm 2 for a 50K carbon roving).
  • the grid widths ie the distances between two threads or two high-performance filament yarns in the 0 ° direction or in the 90 ° direction, are generally between 8 mm and 20 mm.
  • US 6,612,085 B2 discloses a reinforcement mesh according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a reinforcement grid made of high-performance filament yarns and a method for its production, which has short bond lengths using cross-section-related bond forces of at least 1,700 N / mm 2 while at the same time enabling a considerable cost advantage over the materials and materials used to date Mesh structure comparable to reinforcement mesh.
  • the reinforcement grid for concrete construction is formed from high-performance filament yarns, which are arranged in at least a first direction to a first thread layer, and from threads, which are arranged in at least one second direction deviating from the first direction to form a second thread layer, the two thread layers being connected via intersection points to form a textile fabric.
  • the high-performance filament yarns have deformation sections whose cross-section has a cross-sectional shape that varies in the axial direction and / or a varying cross-sectional area.
  • deformation is understood to mean a change in the shape of a yarn due to actions on the yarn itself as well as a change in the shape of a yarn without actions on the yarn itself, for example by thickening with materials.
  • the invention is therefore based on the basic idea of changing the high-performance filament yarns arranged in the reinforcement grid in the main load direction in such a way that they have a varied cross-sectional area shape and / or a varied cross-sectional area in the axial direction.
  • the surface of the yarn is thus no more than a uniform outer surface, e.g. B. formed as a cylindrical surface, but has protruding and retreating, usually constantly swelling and declining, sections that act as anchoring sections and allow a significantly improved form fit with the concrete.
  • the reinforcement grid for the concrete construction made of high-performance filament yarns, especially carbon filament yarns, which is optimized in this way, can be realized in largely freely selectable grid widths and angular arrangements of the thread layers in that the high-performance filament yarns have a changed cross-sectional area shape and / or a changed cross-sectional area in sections.
  • the deformation sections advantageously have a constant change from a first cross-sectional shape via a second cross-sectional shape to the first cross-sectional shape, and / or a constant change in amount of a first cross-sectional area via a second cross-sectional area into the first cross-sectional area.
  • Such a constant change is characterized by a jump-free transition to the new cross-sectional shape and / or cross-sectional area, with a cycle from one transition to the second cross-sectional shape and / or cross-sectional area and a subsequent transition back to the first being at least twice the diameter and / or the initial width of the high-performance filament yarn and the amplitude of the maximum deformation, ie the amount of change in the width or the height of the high-performance filament yarn, are only a fraction, advantageously a fifth of the initial dimensions.
  • This limitation is a necessary boundary condition in order to minimize the proportion of the filaments of the high-performance filament yarn which are subject to a change in position in the region of a cycle of deformation and / or a compression of the yarn cross section, advantageously below 20% of the number of filaments to hold and on the other hand to ensure the optimal form-fitting effect in the concrete composite.
  • This rising and falling deformation of low amplitude in relation to the length of a cycle leads to a tension-free introduction of tensile forces into the high-performance filament yarns in textile concrete.
  • short bond lengths can be achieved under working loads of the textile concrete construction and, on the other hand, undesired concrete flaking is avoided.
  • Such deformation sections ensure a bond between the high-performance filament yarns and the concrete with advantageous short bond lengths.
  • the high-performance filament yarns can therefore have a flat-bellied cross-section in the area of the lattice spacing, or alternatively, in sections in the area of the lattice spacing, a lateral, constrictive change in the cross-section, which can be formed in the radial direction from one side or alternatively from several sides .
  • the shape of the cross section preferably takes place in the direction of the main load direction, which generally coincides with the 0 ° direction in the reinforcement grid.
  • the deformation sections can also have compression in the radial direction, which preferably extends obliquely to the axial direction.
  • a compression running at an angle to the axial direction can also be carried out spirally in its high-performance filament yarn over its entire length.
  • Such a change in the cross-sectional area can be achieved, for example, in the area of the grid spacing a cross section is made by compressing the high performance filament yarn.
  • the compression can be carried out running in the longitudinal direction, alternatively the course of the change in shape of the cross-section is also possible running obliquely both in a straight line and in an arc shape with respect to the axial direction.
  • An arched diagonal compression leads to a particularly advantageous short bond length due to surface recesses.
  • the compressed cross-sectional section can also have an axial extent that exceeds the grid width. This is particularly advantageous in the case of narrow-mesh grille designs in order to enable positive locking over a longer axial section.
  • the sections with changed cross-sectional area shapes and / or cross-sectional areas are provided on the first lattice-forming thread layer in order to achieve the best possible load-bearing capacity of the concrete in the main load direction.
  • the high-performance filament yarns in the first direction for the first thread layer also have sections, at least partially, surrounding the yarn in the axial direction with a ribbed sawtooth-like surface profile, the thickening preferably made of the same material as the impregnation material or of an additional, preferably polymeric Material consists, particularly preferably the polymer material is supplied in solid form as a film strip and these have a variable thickness running in a wedge shape in the first direction, and particularly preferably consists of a higher melting thermoplastic and contains particle-like filler components.
  • the thickening in sections in the axial direction can also be present, not according to the invention, without a ribbed surface profile.
  • the axial extent of the thickening corresponds minimally to the diameter, advantageously to several times the diameter of the high-performance filament yarn, the thickness of the thickening being only a fraction of the yarn diameter, advantageously less than half the yarn diameter.
  • the partially enclosing thickening includes e.g. the width of the yarn and can be alternating, shingled on both sides.
  • the thickening consists, for example, of the same material as the impregnating agent of the high-performance filament yarn, an optimal connection between the thickening and the high-performance filament yarn can be achieved.
  • a different material preferably polymeric material.
  • Higher melting thermoplastics are preferably used for the thickenings; these may also contain particle-like filler components.
  • the ribbing based on the later introduction of the load, has a shallow depth at the beginning of the introduction of the load and an increasingly larger rib depth towards the end of the introduction of the load, preferably the thickening of the loads to be absorbed in the first direction over a length of a few millimeters to can be about one meter.
  • the short bond lengths that can be achieved with the positive connection and the safe transmission of the loads introduced lead to the inner bond lengths that depend on the impregnation material between the filaments to the advantage of an adjustable modulus of elasticity and an adjustable stress expansion behavior of the reinforced concrete component.
  • the reinforcement mesh has, on the entire mesh width in the end region of a mesh web, a thin, wedge-shaped thickening on both sides, the width of which encompasses at least one transverse thread system, the thickening being made of polymer material which intimately encloses the high-performance filament yarns, and the polymer material has increasing rigidity towards the end of the reinforcement mesh.
  • a reinforcement grid that has a double-sided, thin, wedge-shaped thickening made of polymer material with a fine ribbing on the top and bottom of the wedge-shaped thickening on the top and bottom of the wedge-shaped thickening over the entire width in the end region of a lattice web guarantees improved load transfer.
  • the polymer material should completely and intimately enclose all high-performance filament yarns, the width of the thickening on both sides completely enclosing at least one cross thread system. This measure can be combined with the thickening described above in such a way that the ribbing is very fine at the point at which the load application begins and is made increasingly stronger in the direction of the position at the end of the force application.
  • the thickening that is optionally provided to optimize the introduction of force can extend in the main load direction for a length of a few millimeters up to a maximum of about one meter.
  • the high-performance filament yarns of the first thread layer between the crossing points have an interstice resulting from a section-wise, fibril-like widening of the yarn cross section, the interstice being filled with a material which stabilizes the widening, preferably with a fine concrete mixture or a polymer material or metallic powder or a ceramic powder, particularly preferably with a combination of these materials.
  • the fibril-like widening of the yarn cross-section and the widening occurring in sections in two partial yarn cross-sections are also characterized by a jump-free transition into the new cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area, analogous to the constant change in the cross-sectional shape and / or the cross-sectional area, with a section-wise, fibril-like widening and a section-widening in two Partial yarn sections lengthwise the multiple of the yarn diameter and / or the initial width of the high-performance filament yarn, advantageously at least three times, and the amplitude of the maximum widening, ie the amount of change in the yarn cross-section and / or the starting width of the yarn, only a fraction, advantageously not more than a fifth, of the starting dimensions.
  • This limitation is a necessary boundary condition in order to keep the proportion of the filaments of the high-performance filament yarn that are subjected to a change in position from the axial direction of the high-performance filament yarn in the area of the expansion as small as possible, advantageously below 20% of the total number of filaments.
  • the filled, sectionally occurring widenings in two partial yarn sections lead to an optimal form fit in the concrete composite with the described advantages of a constant, section by section change of the cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional areas.
  • the section-wise change in shape and area are filled with the additional stabilizing material due to the fibril-like widening and the widening into two partial yarn sections.
  • a stabilizing material backfilled in the area of the widening minimizes the reshaping of the yarn under the influence of a load.
  • the reinforcement mesh can be designed as a warp knitted fabric, sewing fabric, woven fabric or laid scrim.
  • Reinforcement meshes are preferably designed as warp-knitted fabrics or sewing fabrics and the high-performance filament yarns, in particular in the first direction, have a cross-sectional area shape change due to a permanent constriction due to a stitch-forming binding thread in the crossing points, preferably in sections of the stitch-forming binding thread, generally at the crossing points of the grid structure , a higher thread tension is applied, whereby the high-performance filament yarns undergo a permanent change in cross-sectional area in the form of a permanent constriction.
  • the crossing points of the thread layers can be spaced in the range from 5 to 100 mm, preferably 5 to 40 mm, particularly preferably 8 to 20 mm.
  • the thread layers preferably have 0 ° / 90 ° or 0 ° / ⁇ 45 ° or 0 ° / ⁇ 45 ° / 90 ° angular arrangements.
  • the area of the cross section of the high-performance filament yarn can be in the range from 1 to 10 mm 2 , preferably 2 to 8 mm 2 .
  • a separate high-performance filament yarn for concrete construction which is not part of a textile fabric, has deformation sections whose cross sections have a cross-sectional shape that varies in the axial direction and / or a varying cross-sectional area.
  • the concept can therefore not only be used to a limited extent for reinforcement meshes, but also in general for high-performance filament yarns that are used as separate elements, e.g. B. in the form of carbon filament wires or tapes, directly, d. H. without further processing into a reinforcement mesh.
  • the cross-sectional surface shapes and / or cross-sectional surfaces as described above can be varied in order to improve the positive connection with the concrete.
  • the core of the high-performance filament yarn or its central axis remains ideally aligned with respect to the main load direction and the deformations remain, i.e. H. are not designed to be reshapeable. This must be ensured when manufacturing the high-performance filament yarns or when processing them into the reinforcement grid.
  • Reinforcement meshes of this type are produced according to the invention in that the high-performance filament yarns after impregnation or impregnation with a polymer matrix, preferably with polymer dispersions, and thermoplastic, thermosetting and elastomeric substances or combinations thereof or fillers as matrix materials on the way of drying, crosslinking and / or curing and / or cooling the matrix in sections are subjected to a permanent shaping with resulting cross-sectional area shape changes over the yarn length, cross-sectional area shape changes occurring in the first thread layer.
  • a polymer matrix preferably with polymer dispersions, and thermoplastic, thermosetting and elastomeric substances or combinations thereof or fillers as matrix materials on the way of drying, crosslinking and / or curing and / or cooling the matrix in sections are subjected to a permanent shaping with resulting cross-sectional area shape changes over the yarn length, cross-sectional area shape changes occurring in the first thread layer.
  • the shaping is preferably carried out by means of molding tools which are designed as compression presses, in particular as double belt presses rotating in synchronism with the direction of movement of the reinforcement grid, as roller systems or in a combination thereof.
  • the shaping tools have a profiling or engraving corresponding to the predetermined cross-sectional area deformation repeat of the high-performance filament yarns on at least one tool side, a second, non-profiled or non-engraved tool side being able to accommodate the pressure acting on the high-performance filament yarns during forming.
  • the molds are particularly preferably designed to be both heatable and coolable and temperature-controlled, the molds particularly preferably having blade-like expansion elements or wedge-shaped expansion elements for producing a reinforcement grid with expansions.
  • thermoplastic matrix materials are preferably processed in solid form, in particular as ribbons or multifilament yarns, with the high-performance filament yarns, or fed to the reinforcement mesh, and the impregnation is carried out by heating until the thermoplastic matrix melts carried out by means of an additional preheating system and / or in the mold.
  • the shape change can be carried out in a repeat pattern in accordance with the reinforcement mesh feed.
  • Blade-like widening elements are provided for the realization of widenings.
  • the material stabilizing or fixing the expansion is fed in and pressed in here.
  • the reinforcement mesh is preferably manufactured using one of the textile surface-forming technologies warp knitting, multiaxial knitting, weaving or with lay-up techniques.
  • the subsequent impregnation, drying and crosslinking and / or curing and / or cooling of the matrix and the shaping of the high-performance filament yarns take place in an online process on the same system system.
  • further processing can also be carried out on a separate system after the reinforcement mesh has not yet been impregnated.
  • a separate molding tool is preferably designed in a system or as a mobile molding tool, in particular a temperature-controlled pressing tool, for use before further processing.
  • Preferred matrix materials for impregnation and shaping are polymer dispersions, thermoplastic, thermoset or elastomeric substances or a combination thereof, which depending on the application can preferably also contain fillers.
  • a reinforcement mesh sheet can also be cut to a predetermined length and in the same system or separately across the entire width of the reinforcement mesh in both end areas Molding tool, which is preferably designed as a wedge-shaped molding press, experience one of the thickenings listed above.
  • the separate shaping has the advantage that the shaping can be carried out directly before the processing on the construction site.
  • a mobile molding tool for example a temperature-controlled pressing tool, can be used directly on the construction site, for example, before the reinforcement mesh is processed.
  • the polymer material can also be fed to the molding tool in solid form as a film strip, which increases in thickness in a wedge shape in the main load direction in order to enable a corresponding thickening, as described at the beginning.
  • a reinforcement mesh with section-wise thickening is preferably produced by pressing the high-performance filament yarns with different intensities according to the thickening length after impregnation in the molding tool.
  • the material stabilizing or fixing the widening is fed in and pressed in, as described above, the high-performance filament yarns preferably being fed to the impregnation and shaping as a parallel group of threads.
  • the high-performance filament yarns can preferably be impregnated or impregnated with the matrix prior to further processing to form the reinforcement mesh, and on the way of drying, crosslinking and / or curing and / or cooling the matrix section by section with the resulting cross-sectional area shape changes over the yarn length as above described.
  • the designs and examples that do not belong to the claimed subject matter, according to the reinforcement mesh 1 to 10 are basically independent of the technology used to manufacture the reinforcement mesh (warp knitting, sewing, weaving and laying technology) and also for any other mesh geometries such as B. ⁇ 45 ° reinforcement mesh and multiaxial mesh (0 ° / ⁇ 45 ° / 90 °) possible.
  • the high-performance filament yarns preferably the carbon filament yarns, have the segment-wise cross-sectional area shape changes without processing into the reinforcement mesh 1 to 8 .
  • Fig. 1 shows the back of the reinforcement grid 100, i.e. not the mesh or front, of the warp knitted section after the deformation of the impregnated high-performance filament yarn 110, preferably in the form of a carbon filament yarn, in the main load direction 112.
  • the reinforcement grids 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 consist of high-performance filament yarns 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810, 910, 1010, which in at least a first Direction 112, 212, 312, 412, 512, 612, 712, 812, 912, 1012 to a first thread layer 115, 215, 315, 415, 515, 615, 715, 815, 915, 1015 and from threads 190, 290, 390, 490, 590, 690, 790 , 890, 990, 1090, which in at least one of the first direction 112, 212, 312, 412, 512, 612, 712, 812, 912, 1012 deviates from the second direction 111, 211, 311, 411, 511, 611, 711 , 811, 911, 1011 to form a second thread layer 195, 295, 395,
  • the high-performance filament yarns 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810, 910, 1010 have an axial direction 114, 214, 314, 414, 514, 614, 714, 814, 914, 1014 and a radial direction 113, 213, 313, 413, 513, 613, 713, 813, 913, 1013.
  • the repetitive, permanent, continuous deformation can be generated by a one-sided or double-sided force action.
  • the permanent deformations of high-performance filament yarn 110 can also be made alternately from both sides.
  • the sequence of the deformation sections 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820, 920, 1020 of the high-performance filament yarns 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810, 910, 1010 over the length of the reinforcement mesh 100 , 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000 is fundamentally dependent on the desired positive locking effect in the concrete composite and can range from crossing point 180, 280, 380, 480, 580, 680, 780, 880, 980, 1080 to crossing point 180, 280, 380, 480, 580, 680, 780, 880, 980, 1080 up to distances of, for example, 10 cm. This also applies to all embodiments of the reinforcement mesh 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 600, 800 2 to 8 .
  • the longitudinal extent of a deformation section 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820, 920, 1020 generally moves within a grid width.
  • the permanent deformations of the cross sections A, B of the high-performance filament yarns 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 710, 810, 910, 1010 after 1 to 5 and 7 to 9 are associated with a non-destructive change in the position of a portion of the filaments in the deformed yarn section 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 720, 820, 920, which is accompanied by a reduction in the usable filament strength depending on the impregnation matrix used (as stated above).
  • Fig. 2 shows an advantageous embodiment, which does not belong to the claimed subject matter, with a deformation section 220 in the axial direction 214, which has a compression 225 in the radial direction 213.
  • Fig. 3 and 4th show advantageous embodiments, which do not belong to the claimed subject matter, with diagonally compressed cross-sectional sections 320, 420 of the high-performance filament yarns 310, 410, wherein in Fig. 4 such cross-sectional deformations 420, 420a are shown both in the main load direction 412 and in the secondary load direction 411.
  • a linear diagonal compression 325 an arcuate configuration obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis 414 is also possible.
  • Fig. 5 shows a reinforcement grid 500 with section-wise lateral densifications (constrictions) 525 of the high-performance filament yarns 500 in the radial direction 513.
  • Fig. 6 shows the design of the reinforcement grid 600 with a sawtooth-like sectioned thickening 625 of the high-performance filament yarn 610, in the manner of a surface ribbing.
  • the thickening 625 can consist of the same material 630 as the impregnation or else of a polymer material 630 that is subsequently pressed on after the impregnation of the high-performance filament yarn 610.
  • the thickening 625 can enclose the yarn section 620 completely or only partially, with complete enclosing being preferred.
  • the surface ribbing of the thickening 625 is carried out in the direction of the subsequent load application from very fine, that is to say shallow depth 622, to very coarse, that is to say greater depth 622.
  • the rib spacing 623 remains constant in the longitudinal direction.
  • the longitudinal extent of the thickening 625 depends on the polymer material 630 and the inner bond length thus created between the polymer material 630 and the high-performance filament yarn 610, but should generally not exceed 5 cm. At With such composite lengths of approximately 1 cm, the thickenings 625 are not necessary over a length of 2 cm and are to be applied to the high-performance filament yarn 610 at intervals of, for example, 10 cm. Larger distances can also be selected.
  • Fig. 7 shows an advantageous embodiment of a reinforcement grid 700 which does not belong to the claimed subject matter, in which the high-performance filament yarns 710 are present in the main load direction 712 after impregnation within the grid spacing in a slightly bulbous, fibril-like fanning 720 extending into the yarn depth.
  • metallic powder 730 or cement paste In the resulting columns 725 of the yarn 710 z. B. metallic powder 730 or cement paste.
  • the reinforcement grid 700 can also be completely provided with a cementitious thin layer, as a result of which the later positive locking effect occurs optimally in the concrete because the composite is brought into effect in the yarn columns 725 in the same material system with the cement components pressed in.
  • the execution after Fig. 7 is particularly suitable for a ribbon-shaped presentation of the high-performance filament yarns 710.
  • Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a reinforcement grid 800, which is not part of the claimed subject matter, in which the high-performance filament yarn 810 is spliced into two partial strands 810a, 810b in the main load direction 812 between two crossing points 880 and the lenticular gap 825 is pressed with a material 830 that is pressed like one Inlay works.
  • the deflection of the split high-performance filament yarn 810 from the linear basic orientation is only a few tenths of a millimeter to a few millimeters.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a reinforcement grid 900, which does not belong to the claimed subject matter, in which the high-performance filament yarns 910 are fixed by a stitch-forming thread system 990, 990a.
  • the thread tension in the area of the stitch in the crossing area 980 of the thread layers 950 results in a constriction 925 of the high-performance filament yarns 910 and thus the deformation section 920, in particular in the main load direction 912.
  • the friction pressure between the filaments 910, 990 is increased and the subsequent impregnation in Essentially only effective on the yarn surface.
  • a special version of a reinforcement grid 1000 is shown.
  • a deformation section 1020 in the form of a thin, wedge-shaped thickening 1020 made of polymer material 1030 on the top and bottom in the end region 1060 of a reinforcing mesh web.
  • the deformation section 1020 generally covers the entire width 1040 of the reinforcement grid 1000.
  • the longitudinal extent is selected depending on the loads to be transmitted and can range from a few centimeters to about 1 m in order to ensure the final anchoring among the when the web is incorporated into the concrete body ensure predetermined loads.
  • the polymer material 1030 of the thickening 1020 completely encloses the reinforcement grid 1000 in the end region 1060.
  • a softer polymer can be selected at the beginning of the wedge to support optimal force transmission.
  • the surfaces of the thickening wedge are provided with the finest possible ribbing 1025, which can become increasingly stronger in the direction of the reinforcement mesh end, ie the depth and width of the ribs increase towards the end.
  • FIG. 11 Schematically shown method for producing the reinforcement grid BG according to the invention assumes that the high-performance filament yarns are formed according to the generally known methods of textile surface formation, such as warp knitting, sewing, multiaxial knitting, weaving or the thread laying techniques to form the reinforcement grid BG in device 1, and such reinforcement grid BG im online process, ie on the same system Fig. 11 , A, or in the offline process, ie on a separate system Fig.
  • the overall system I includes the production of the reinforcement grid BG in system A and the impregnation and shaping in system B.
  • the high-performance filament yarn HL-FG is fed to an impregnation and shaping system B (2nd process stage as offline process) without processing into a reinforcement grid BG and in an analogous manner after the necessary impregnation or impregnation in the device 2 with the matrix in combination with the drying / crosslinking and / or curing and / or the cooling in sections in a permanent changed cross-sectional area shape and / or a permanent changed cross-sectional area.
  • This method is used particularly advantageously when the high-performance filament yarn HL-FG is used in the manner of profiled wires or rods or tapes in concrete construction should come (e.g. with fineness of 5 x 50K carbon filament yarns).
  • the technologically known molding tools such as molding presses, double belt presses and roller systems or suitable combinations of such shaping principles are used.
  • the shaping surfaces must have a profile corresponding to the shaping effect to be achieved. Taking into account the forming geometry on the high-performance filament yarn HL-FG and the repeat, the surfaces of the shaping tools of the device 3 for flat-bellied shaping, compression and lateral compression of the high-performance filament yarn HL-FG will have slight increases in order to achieve the forming pressure for the shaping.
  • the repeat is usually matched to the grid width or its multiple.
  • the molding tool of the device 3 e.g. B. as a roller press
  • the molding tool of the device 3 have groove-like depressions over the thickening length, so that in this area the impregnation material is not squeezed or with less pressure.
  • the recessed areas must be provided with corresponding transverse grooves.
  • the thickening in sections can also be achieved by supplying polymer film strips to the molding tool of the device 3 on one or both sides and pressing them by targeted melting or softening and subsequent cooling onto or around the high-performance filament yarn HL-FG.
  • the molds of the device 3 for a fibril-like widening according to the repetition of blade-like inserts or profile areas and for widening into two partial yarn sections wedge-shaped profile areas.
  • process area B immediately after the shaping tool of device 3, the feed via device 4 of the material for filling the expanded yarn sections and a press-in tool of device 5, preferably as a temperature-controlled press roll system, are to be provided.
  • a press-in tool of device 5 preferably as a temperature-controlled press roll system.
  • the excess backfill material must be removed by a device 6, for example by suction.
  • the profiles of the molding tools according to the device 3 for deforming the high-performance filament yarns Fig. 1-5 or expanding according to Fig. 7 and 8th as well as for the thickening according to Fig. 6 and 10th deviate only a few tenths of a millimeter up to a few millimeters from the base pressing surface of the mold. The latter applies to particularly large yarn diameters and / or cross sections.
  • the procedural variants of the arrangement of the shape B in the area between impregnation via device 2 and storage of the completed reinforcement grid BG according to the invention depend on the type of impregnation matrix.
  • the molding tool of device 3 is preferably used in the area of drying and crosslinking device 2 of impregnation.
  • the shaping must be carried out before the hardening is completed. Will high-performance filament yarns HL-FG impregnated with liquid thermoplastics, the shaping must take place using a temperature-controlled molding tool in connection with the cooling process.
  • thermoplastic threads TPF e.g. B. in the form of polypropylene tapes to the reinforcement mesh BG or such threads of process zone B ( Fig. 11 ) are fed directly above and / or below the grid-forming high-performance filament yarns HG-FG.
  • TPF thermoplastic threads
  • BG reinforcement mesh
  • process zone B Fig. 11
  • the intimate impregnation of all filaments of the yarns is directly coupled with the shaping in device 3.
  • the overall system and the temperature regime of the combined impregnation and shaping tools of the device 3 are designed in the sequence of melting, squeezing, beginning cooling, shaping and finally cooling.
  • Both polymer dispersions and thermoplastics enable the HL-FG high-performance filament yarns to be shaped subsequently by a heated mold 1200, which makes the impregnation plastically deformable again ( Fig. 11 , 5 ).
  • This subsequent shaping in device 7 can take place both as the last step in the process, or it is completely separate, for. B. before processing on site.
  • a mobile molding tool 1200 for example as a temperature-controlled pressing pliers with a corresponding pressing surface 1260, presses a thermoplastic thickening in a wedge shape onto the two end regions of a reinforced reinforcement mesh web, the high-performance filament yarns HL-FG completely enclosing and the mesh free surfaces completely with the thermoplastic material fill out ( Fig. 10 ).
  • the thermoplastic thickening materials are preferably inserted into the compression molding pliers 1200 as wedge-shaped strips of length and width, with a wedge shape increasing from a few millimeters to a few millimeters, and plasticized in this in a temperature-controlled manner with a ribbing, pressed on the surface and cooled.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) destiné au domaine de la construction en béton comportant :
    - des filaments de haute performance (610, 1010) qui sont orientés dans au moins une première direction (612, 1012) pour former à une première couche de fibres (615, 1015), ainsi que
    - des fils (690, 1090) qui sont orientés dans au moins une seconde direction (611, 1011) différente de la ou des première(s) direction(s) (612, 1012) pour former une seconde couche de fils (695, 1095),
    les deux couches de fils (615, 1015, 695, 1095) étant reliées par des points d'intersection (680, 1080) pour former une nappe textile (650, 1050),
    - les filaments de haute performance (610, 1010) comprenant des segments de déformation (620, 1020) dont les sections transversales (A, B) ont une forme et/ou une surface variant en direction axiale (614, 1014),
    - les filaments de haute performance (610) présentant, par segments, en tant que segments de déformation (620) une surépaisseur entourant au moins partiellement le filament en direction axiale (614) et ayant un profil de surface (625) nervuré en forme de dents de scie,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le nervurage (625) a, par rapport à l'introduction ultérieure de la charge, une faible profondeur (622) au début de l'introduction de la charge et une profondeur devenant progressivement plus grande (622) vers la fin de l'introduction de la charge.
  2. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    - la surépaisseur s'étend dans la première direction (612),
    - de préférence, la surépaisseur est réalisée dans le même matériau (630) que le matériau d'imprégnation des filaments de haute performance ou d'un matériau additionnel, de préférence un matériau polymère, et de façon particulièrement préférentielle, le matériau polymère est fourni sous forme solide sous la forme de bandes de film, et celles-ci ont dans la première direction une épaisseur variable en forme de coins, et
    - de manière particulièrement préférentielle est réalisée en un matériau thermoplastique ayant un point de fusion élevé et renferme des éléments de charge particulaires.
  3. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surépaisseur s'étend sur une longueur de quelques millimètres jusqu'à environ un mètre selon la charge à absorber dans la première direction.
  4. Treillis d'armature (1000) conforme à la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le treillis d'armature (1000) comporte, sur la totalité de la largeur (1040) du treillis, dans la zone d'extrémité d'une bande de treillis (1060) un segment de déformation (1020) sous la forme d'une surépaisseur bilatérale, mince, croissant en forme de coin vers l'extrémité de la longueur de la bande, et dont la largeur entoure au moins un système de fils transversaux,
    - la surépaisseur étant réalisée en un matériau polymère (1030) ayant une rigidité égale ou augmentant vers l'extrémité de la bande de treillis (1060), qui entoure étroitement le filament de haute performance (1010).
  5. Treillis d'armature conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le treillis d'armature (600) est réalisé sous la forme d'un tissu tricoté en chaîne, d'un aiguilleté, d'un tissu ou d'une nappe de fils.
  6. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les filaments de haute performance (610, 1010) sont réalisés sous la forme de filaments en carbone.
  7. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les segments de déformation (620, 1020) sont réalisés dans la première direction (612, 1012) et pour la première couche de fils de formation du treillis, et la première forme de section transversal (AF) et/ou la première surface de section transversal (Af) a(ont) une extension en direction radiale différente de celle de la seconde forme de section transversale (BF) et/ou de la seconde surface de section transversale (Bf).
  8. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - les points d'intersection (680, 1080) des couches de fils (650, 1050) sont à une distance située dans la plage de 5 à 100 mm, de préférence de 5 à 40 mm et de façon particulièrement préférentielle de 8 à 20 mm,
    - les couches de fils (650, 1050) ont de préférence un agencement angulaire de 0°/90° ou de 0°/±45° ou de 0°/±45°/90°.
  9. Treillis d'armature (600, 1000) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la surface de section transversale est située dans la plage de 0,7 à 30 mm2, de préférence de 2 à 8 mm2.
EP15706831.3A 2014-03-04 2015-02-27 Treillis d'armature pour la construction en béton Active EP3114288B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HRP20201164TT HRP20201164T1 (hr) 2014-03-04 2020-07-27 Armaturna mreža za betonsku konstrukciju

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014102861.9A DE102014102861A1 (de) 2014-03-04 2014-03-04 Bewehrungsgitter für den Betonbau, Hochleistungsfilamentgarn für den Betonbau und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
PCT/EP2015/054171 WO2015132157A1 (fr) 2014-03-04 2015-02-27 Treillis d'armature pour la construction en béton et fil de filament à haute performance pour la construction en béton

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3114288A1 EP3114288A1 (fr) 2017-01-11
EP3114288B1 true EP3114288B1 (fr) 2020-04-29

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3114288B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014102861A1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP20201164T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015132157A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3147393B1 (fr) * 2015-09-25 2022-02-09 Leibniz-Institut für Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V. Armature textile filaire et procédé de préparation d'un fil
DE102017102366A1 (de) 2017-02-07 2018-08-09 Technische Universität Dresden Endverankerung von textilen Flächengebilden
DE102017107948A1 (de) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Technische Universität Dresden Bewehrungsstab zum Einbringen in eine Betonmatrix sowie dessen Herstellungsverfahren, ein Bewehrungssystem aus mehreren Bewehrungsstäben sowie ein Betonbauteil
AT520486B1 (de) * 2017-09-20 2020-11-15 Univ Innsbruck Bewehrungsmaterial
US11124961B2 (en) 2018-11-13 2021-09-21 Stratasys, Inc. System and method for 3D construction printing

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US4770832A (en) * 1984-07-27 1988-09-13 Mitsui Kensetsu Kabushiki Kaisha Process for manufacturing of structural reinforcing material
JPH0292624A (ja) * 1988-09-30 1990-04-03 Kobe Steel Ltd 長繊維強化樹脂製補強用線・棒体の製造方法
FR2686915B1 (fr) * 1992-01-31 1998-10-16 Gtm Batimen Travaux Publ Dispositif pour l'ancrage sous tension de tirants en materiau composite.
EP0560362A2 (fr) * 1992-03-13 1993-09-15 KOMATSU PLASTICS INDUSTRY CO., Ltd. Armature en matière plastique renforcée de fibre pour béton
DE19530541C2 (de) * 1995-08-19 1999-05-20 Lueckenhaus Tech Textilien Gmb Gittergewebe
DE19702246A1 (de) * 1997-01-23 1998-07-30 Sika Ag Flachband-Lamelle und deren Verwendung zur Verstärkung von Bauwerkteilen
JP2004511683A (ja) * 2000-01-13 2004-04-15 ダウ　グローバル　テクノロジーズ　インコーポレイティド コンクリート構造物用補強棒
US20060090416A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-04 Schock Bauteile Gmbh Reinforcing element for concrete construction
DE102005043386A1 (de) * 2005-09-10 2007-03-15 Beltec Industrietechnik Gmbh Bewehrungskörper aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff
EP1818437A1 (fr) * 2006-02-13 2007-08-15 Milliken Europe N.V. Tricot-chaîne avec fils de trame pour renforcer des matériaux cimenteux
FR2948712B1 (fr) * 2009-08-03 2015-03-06 Soletanche Freyssinet Procede de renforcement d'une structure de construction, et ouvrage ainsi renforce
DE102010032915A1 (de) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Cristiano Bonomi Kunststoffstrang und seine Verwendung in Beton
HUE027065T2 (en) * 2012-05-23 2016-08-29 Groz Beckert Kg Textile reinforced concrete building block

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015132157A1 (fr) 2015-09-11
DE102014102861A1 (de) 2015-09-10
EP3114288A1 (fr) 2017-01-11
HRP20201164T1 (hr) 2020-11-13

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