EP3112510B1 - Process for weaving superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other and a loom operating according to that process - Google Patents
Process for weaving superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other and a loom operating according to that process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3112510B1 EP3112510B1 EP16177632.3A EP16177632A EP3112510B1 EP 3112510 B1 EP3112510 B1 EP 3112510B1 EP 16177632 A EP16177632 A EP 16177632A EP 3112510 B1 EP3112510 B1 EP 3112510B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ribbon
- row
- weft thread
- threads
- advance direction
- Prior art date
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- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D3/00—Woven fabrics characterised by their shape
- D03D3/005—Tapes or ribbons not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D35/00—Smallware looms, i.e. looms for weaving ribbons or other narrow fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D39/00—Pile-fabric looms
- D03D39/16—Double-plush looms, i.e. for weaving two pile fabrics face-to-face
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
- D03D47/02—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein loops of continuous weft thread are inserted, i.e. double picks
- D03D47/06—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms wherein loops of continuous weft thread are inserted, i.e. double picks by a pivoted needle having a permanently-threaded eye
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process in which, by means of a single weaving processing operation, superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other are obtained.
- the present invention further relates to a weaving loom which is configured to operate in accordance with that process.
- Those ribbons may be produced with decorations and materials which are generally different from and independent of each other so as to allow a range of reed combinations which is as wide as possible to be achieved.
- the production of those articles provides for the separate weaving of the two ribbons and the subsequent stitching thereof in a position superimposed one on the other.
- the term "ribbon” is intended to be understood to be an article of predefined width and undefined length which is produced in a continuous manner by means of a loom, without any limitation on the type of interweaving used during the weaving process or furthermore the material used during the weaving.
- a ribbon may have a variable width between a few millimetres and several tens of centimetres, may be woven with any suitable weave known in the art, including canvas, twill, satin, and reed combinations thereof on the same ribbon, and may be woven using threads of any suitable material known in the art, both of natural origin, such as, for example, threads of cotton or linen, and of synthetic origin, such as, for example, threads of polyamide or polyester.
- the respective positions of those elements will be intended to be understood to be “lower” or “upper” if they are in a lower or upper position when the loom is moved into a horizontal position, respectively.
- the problem addressed by the present invention is to provide a weaving process for superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other as well as a relevant loom which operates in accordance with that process, which are structurally and/or operationally configured to overcome the limitations mentioned above with reference to the cited prior art.
- an object of the invention is to develop a process which allows the weaving of superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other, which is simple to construct and which reduces the production costs.
- a loom which is structurally and operationally provided to weave at the same time a lower ribbon 1 and an upper ribbon 2, which is superimposed and stitched in a superimposed state on the lower ribbon 1, in accordance with a weaving process according to the present invention.
- the lower ribbon 1 has a width between 1 and 20 centimetres, which is greater with respect to the width of the upper ribbon 2 which is, for example, between 0.5 and 10 centimetres. Furthermore, the upper ribbon 2 is positioned in the region of a center face of the lower ribbon 1 and, in this preferred embodiment, it is stitched to the lower ribbon 1 only at one side thereof.
- the ribbons 1 and 2 may have relative dimensions, proportions and positions which are generally different.
- the loom 10 is a loom of the horizontal type, in which the lower ribbon 1 and the upper ribbon 2 are formed by a suitable interlacing of threads which extend in a substantially horizontal manner. Therefore, the present invention is similarly applicable to looms of different types, for example, vertical looms.
- the loom 10 comprises, in terms of the main components thereof:
- the warp threads of the first plurality 21 extend in an advance direction X towards the head 11 and are arranged in a position adjacent to one another in a transverse direction Y, substantially perpendicular to the advance direction X.
- the advance direction X and the transverse direction Y thereby define a plane, in which the lower ribbon 1 is woven.
- Each warp thread 21 is threaded into an eyelet which is formed in a respective mesh of the first plurality 20.
- the heddles 20 can be moved in a direction Z which is vertical and which is substantially perpendicular to the plane formed by the advance direction X and the transverse direction Y so as to move, in accordance with a predefined instruction, the first plurality of warp threads 21 between a first upper row 24 and a first lower row 25 which are spaced apart from each other so as to define a first shed 26.
- the heddles 20 are preferably subdivided between a predefined number of heddle frame (the Figure illustrates only two heddle frame 20a), so as to be movable in homogeneous groups, in accordance with the type of weave desired for the weaving of the lower ribbon 1.
- each heddle 20 may be movable individually, in a manner independent from the others.
- each warp thread 31 is threaded into an eyelet which is formed in a respective heddle of the second plurality 30.
- the heddles 30 are movable in the vertical direction Z so as to move, in accordance with a predefined instruction, the second plurality of warp threads 31 between a second upper row 34 and a second lower row 35 which are spaced apart so as to define a second shed 36.
- each heddle 30 is movable individually in a manner independent of the other heddles and therefore the heddles 30 can also be subdivided into separate healds which can be controlled individually.
- the warp threads of the second plurality 31 are arranged so as to all be in an upper position with reference to the vertical direction Z, with respect to the warp threads of the first plurality 21.
- the second lower row 35 of the warp threads 31 is positioned above the first upper row 24 of the warp threads 21 so that the first shed 26 and the second shed 36 do not interfere with each other.
- the number, type, the material of the warp threads 21 and 31 can be selected without any specific limitations in accordance with the type of ribbons 1 and 2 which are intended to be obtained.
- the warp threads 21 and 31 are directed, at different levels, through the teeth of the reed comb 12.
- the reed comb 12 is movable in the advance direction X toward and away from the head 11 in order to compact the first and second weft threads 23, 33 in accordance with methods which are conventional per se.
- the first shuttle element 22 is provided to receive and guide during movement the first weft thread 23 in the transverse direction Y through the first shed 26, which is open between the first upper row 24 and the first lower row 25.
- the first shuttle element 22 comprises a first arm 27 which is guided during pivoting in the transverse direction Y between a first side 3 and a second side 4 of the lower ribbon 1.
- the first arm 27 is fixed to a pivoting member 27a which is preferably placed in the region of the first side 3 of the lower ribbon 1 and, in the region of a free end thereof, comprises an eyelet 27b, through which the first weft thread 23 is directed in an alternating manner between the first side 3 and the second side 4 of the lower ribbon 1.
- the first shuttle element 22 further comprises a first hook 28 which is positioned at the second side 4 of the lower ribbon 1 and which is provided in order to engage, directly or indirectly, the first weft thread 23 when the first arm 27 is pivoted towards the second side 4 of the lower ribbon 1.
- the first hook 28 extends parallel with the second side 4 and can be moved in translation by means of a movable member 29 in an alternating manner in the advance direction X towards and away from the head 11 in coordination with the similar movement of the reed comb 12, as better explained below.
- the first hook 28 comprises a hooked end 28a and a lever 28b which is articulated to a member of the first hook 28 and which can be pivoted between an open position in which the hooked end 28a is open and a closure position in which the lever 28b is placed on the hooked end 28a so as to form an eye which is capable of preventing access to the hooked end 28a from the outer side.
- the second shuttle element 32 is provided to receive and guide during movement the second weft thread 33 in the transverse direction Y through the second shed 36 which is open between the second upper row 34 and the second lower row 35.
- the second shuttle element 32 also comprises a second arm 37 which is directed during pivoting in the transverse direction Y between a first side 5 and a second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2.
- the second arm 37 is also fixed to the pivoting member 27a which, being at the first side 3 of the lower ribbon 1, is also at the first side 5 of the upper ribbon 2.
- the second arm 37 comprises an eyelet 37b, through which the second weft thread 33 is directed alternately between the first side 5 and the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2.
- the second shuttle element 32 further comprises a second hook 38 which is positioned at the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2 and which is provided to engage, directly or indirectly, the second weft thread 33 when the second arm 37 is pivoted towards the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2.
- the second hook 38 extends parallel with the second side 6 and can be moved in translation by means of the movable member 29 in an alternating manner in the advance direction X towards and away from the head 11, together with the first hook 28 and in coordination with the reed comb 12.
- the first hook 38 also comprises a hooked end 38a and a lever 38b which is articulated to a member of the second hook 38 and which can be pivoted between an open position in which the hooked end 38a is open and accessible and a closure position in which the lever 38b is placed on the hooked end 38a so as to form an eye which is capable of preventing access to the hooked end 38a from the outer side.
- the head 11 there is formed on the head 11 an opening 11a in order to allow the passage of the second hook 38 through the head 11 into a position beside the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2.
- a guide element 13 of the second weft thread 33 is secured, preferably in an adjustable manner, to the head 11 and extends from the head in the advance direction X towards the reed comb 12.
- the guide element 13 is formed from a thin plate which is in a plane which is defined by the advance direction X and the vertical direction Z so as to allow the passage thereof through the teeth of the reed comb 12 when the reed comb is moved towards the head 11.
- the guide element 13 has an end 14 which is opposite the head 11 which is formed to guide the engagement of the second weft thread 33 in the second hook 38.
- the end 14 has a curved hook-like profile which is capable of abutting the second weft thread 33 when it is moved by the second arm 37 through the second shed 36 towards the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2, and of lowering it gradually towards the second lower row 35 until it is engaged with the hooked end 38a of the second hook 38.
- the guide element 13 has an opening 15 which is capable of promoting the free pivoting during opening or closing of the lever 38b.
- the loom 10 further comprises an auxiliary heddle 16 which is provided to receive and guide during movement a corresponding stitching thread 17 which is capable of stitching together the upper ribbon 2 and the lower ribbon 1.
- the stitching thread 17 which is identical or different to the warp threads 21, 31 extends between the first and second pluralities of warp threads 21, 31 parallel with the advance direction X, towards the head 11.
- the auxiliary heddle 16 is further movable in the vertical direction Z between the second upper row 34 and the first lower row 25, and vice versa, so as to bind together the first and second weft thread 23, 33, and consequently to stitch the lower ribbon 1 to the upper ribbon 2.
- the movement of the auxiliary heddle 16 is individual and independent of the other heddles 20 and 30.
- the movement of the auxiliary heddle 16 is far greater than the other heddles and covers the entire range in the vertical direction Z of the warp threads 21 and 31.
- the warp threads 21 are subdivided between the first upper row 24 and the first lower row 25, and the warp threads 31 are subdivided between the second upper row 34 and the second lower row 35, defining the first shed 26 and the second shed 36, respectively.
- the rows are separated from each other in the vertical direction Z so that, in a downward direction, they encounter the second upper row 34, the second lower row 35, the first upper row 24 and the first lower row 25.
- the reed comb 12 is moved into a position spaced apart from the head 11, the first arm 27 and the second arm 37 are positioned externally with respect to the first shed 26 and the second shed 36, respectively, with the ends 27b and 37b at the side of the first sides 3 and 5 of the lower ribbon 1 and the upper ribbon 2 ( Figure 1 ).
- the stitching thread 17, in this step, is positioned in the region of the second upper row 34 and is located between the warp threads 31, for example, moved towards the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2 ( Figure 1 ).
- the first arm 27 and the second arm 37 are pivoted in such a manner that the respective ends 27b and 37b are moved towards the second side 4 and 6 of the lower ribbon 1 and the upper ribbon 2, respectively.
- the first weft thread 23 and the second weft thread 33 are directed between the respective upper and lower rows of the warp threads 21 and 31 which are arranged in the transverse direction Y ( Figure 3 ).
- the first weft thread 23 and second weft thread 33 are engaged with the first hook 28 and 38, respectively, so that, when the first arm 27 and the second arm 37 are caused to pivot towards the first side 3 and 5, the first and second weft threads 23, 33 remain tensioned transversely between the two opposite sides of the respective ribbons 1 and 2.
- first hook 28 and the second hook 38 are moved away from the head 11, with the respective hooked ends 28a and 38a moved towards the heddles 20, 30 and the levers 28b and 38b pivoted so as to open the hooked ends ( Figure 3 ), respectively.
- the engagement of the weft thread can be carried out in a direct or indirect manner.
- the weft thread is engaged directly with the hook while, in the second case, the weft thread is engaged with an auxiliary thread which is in turn engaged with the hook.
- the second hook 38 engages the second weft thread 33 in a direct manner while the first hook 28 engages an auxiliary thread 18 which extends in a substantially parallel manner with the warp threads of the first lower row 25 in a manner independent thereof.
- the auxiliary thread 18 is used as a reinforcement of the edge of the lower ribbon 1 and is located in a position lower than the first weft thread 23 when it is directed in the region of the second side 4 of the lower ribbon 1.
- the reed comb 12 is moved in the advance direction X towards the head 11, so as to compact the first weft thread 23 and the second weft thread 33 against the preceding weft threads.
- the first and second arms 27 and 37 are pivoted in such a manner that the respective ends 27b and 37b are brought into substantial alignment with the head 11 or in a retracted position with respect thereto, so as to promote the above-mentioned compaction step.
- the movement of the reed comb 12 is not obstructed by the presence of the guide element 13, the end 14 of which passes through the teeth of the reed comb 12 ( Figure 6 ).
- the first and second hooks 28, 38 are also moved in translation so as to be withdrawn towards the head 11, still in order to promote the compaction step.
- the levers 28b and 38b are pivoted into a closure position against the respective hooked ends 28a, 38a, so as to form a closed ring in an eye-like manner.
- the closure pivoting is caused by a thread mesh which is previously positioned on the member of the respective hook, which, by sliding along the member towards the hooked end, abuts the lever, pivots it so as to close and, by sliding above the eye which is thereby formed, is unthreaded from the hook without remaining engaged with the hooked end (this can be seen better in Figure 5 ).
- the mesh positioned on the member which is unthreaded from the hook is formed by the second weft thread 33 in the case of the second hook 38 and the auxiliary thread 18 in the case of the first hook 28.
- first weft thread 23 to be engaged in a direct manner and/or for the second weft thread 33 to be engaged in an indirect manner.
- one or more of the heddles 20 and the heddles 30 are moved between the respective upper row and lower row so that the first weft thread 23 is bound by one or more warp threads 21 and the second weft thread 33 is bound by one or more warp threads 31.
- the movement of the heddles 20, 30 is carried out in accordance with a pattern which is predefined in accordance with the type of interlacing which is desired for the lower ribbon 1 and the upper ribbon 2, respectively.
- the auxiliary mesh 16 is also moved away from the second upper row 24.
- the auxiliary heddle mesh 16 can be moved away from the second upper row 24 as far as the first lower row 35, thereby binding in a single stroke both the first and the second weft threads 23 and 33.
- the auxiliary mesh 16 in order to prevent the movement of the stitching thread 17 through all the warp threads 21 and 31 from being able to involve any disadvantage, such as breakage of the thread, it is preferable for the auxiliary mesh 16 to be moved away from the second upper row 34 to the second lower row 35 or, at most, as far as the first upper row 24.
- the reed comb 12 is brought away from the head 11 so as to reform the sheds 26 and 36, and the first and second hooks 28 and 38 are simultaneously moved away from the head 11.
- the levers 28a and 38b are pivoted so as to open by the respective thread heddles present inside the eye, which, being discharged from the eye, are positioned on the respective member of the first and second hooks 28, 38.
- the auxiliary heddle mesh 16 is moved, when the heddles 20 and 30 are re-positioned between the respective upper and lower rows, away from the second lower row 35 or, where applicable, away from the first upper row 24 where it was positioned during the preceding cycle as far as the first lower row 25.
- the auxiliary heddle mesh 16 is moved, with a similar and opposite movement, from the first lower row 25 to the second upper row 34, thereby completing, in the space of four weaving cycles, a stitching cycle, involving binding both the first weft thread 23 and the second weft thread 33 and consequently the lower ribbon 1 to the upper ribbon 2.
- a first variant involves the possibility of using different shuttle elements or looms with an orientation which is not horizontal or with different control systems of the heddles.
- the present invention solves the problem set out above, achieving at the same time a number of other advantages, including the fact of obtaining with a single weaving processing operation an article which is formed by superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other.
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Description
- The present invention relates to a process in which, by means of a single weaving processing operation, superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other are obtained.
- The present invention further relates to a weaving loom which is configured to operate in accordance with that process.
- In the technical field of weaving, there is known the need to produce woven articles which are formed by a plurality of ribbons which are superimposed one on the other and stitched together, so as to produce products which are also aesthetically novel and original.
- Those ribbons may be produced with decorations and materials which are generally different from and independent of each other so as to allow a range of reed combinations which is as wide as possible to be achieved.
- Typically, the production of those articles provides for the separate weaving of the two ribbons and the subsequent stitching thereof in a position superimposed one on the other.
- However, that production process involves mutually different separate processing steps and requires different pieces of equipment with a resultant negative impact on production times, the number of operators necessary for the implementation thereof, generally causing a relevant increase in the production costs.
- It should be noted that in the present description and in the appended claims the term "ribbon" is intended to be understood to be an article of predefined width and undefined length which is produced in a continuous manner by means of a loom, without any limitation on the type of interweaving used during the weaving process or furthermore the material used during the weaving.
- Purely by way of example, a ribbon may have a variable width between a few millimetres and several tens of centimetres, may be woven with any suitable weave known in the art, including canvas, twill, satin, and reed combinations thereof on the same ribbon, and may be woven using threads of any suitable material known in the art, both of natural origin, such as, for example, threads of cotton or linen, and of synthetic origin, such as, for example, threads of polyamide or polyester.
- It should further be noted that in the present description and in the appended claims the terms "lower" and "upper" are intended to refer to the relative positioning of two elements, in particular ribbons or rows of threads, with respect to a horizontal loom, in which the warp threads and weft threads are woven in a substantially horizontal plane.
- If the weaving process is carried out on a loom with a different orientation, for example, vertical, the respective positions of those elements will be intended to be understood to be "lower" or "upper" if they are in a lower or upper position when the loom is moved into a horizontal position, respectively.
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US 499471 ,DE 9316676 ,CA 2759965 and the publication " Textile werkstoffe fur den Leichtbau" (C. Kowtsch et al.), disclose respective processes and/or looms for weaving superimposed ribbons according to the prior art. - The problem addressed by the present invention is to provide a weaving process for superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other as well as a relevant loom which operates in accordance with that process, which are structurally and/or operationally configured to overcome the limitations mentioned above with reference to the cited prior art.
- In the context of this problem, an object of the invention is to develop a process which allows the weaving of superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other, which is simple to construct and which reduces the production costs.
- This problem is solved and this object is achieved by the present invention by means of a weaving process for superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other as well as a relevant loom which operates in accordance with that process, which both the process and the loom are constructed according to the appended claims.
- The features and advantages of the present invention will be better appreciated from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
-
Figure 1 is a schematic, perspective view of a loom which is provided for operating according to a weaving process according to the present invention, -
Figure 2 is a side view of the loom ofFigure 1 , -
Figures 3 to 6 are schematic partial views from above of the loom ofFigure 1 in respective operating steps. - With reference to the appended Figures, there is generally designated 10 a loom which is structurally and operationally provided to weave at the same time a
lower ribbon 1 and anupper ribbon 2, which is superimposed and stitched in a superimposed state on thelower ribbon 1, in accordance with a weaving process according to the present invention. - In the embodiment described here, the
lower ribbon 1 has a width between 1 and 20 centimetres, which is greater with respect to the width of theupper ribbon 2 which is, for example, between 0.5 and 10 centimetres. Furthermore, theupper ribbon 2 is positioned in the region of a center face of thelower ribbon 1 and, in this preferred embodiment, it is stitched to thelower ribbon 1 only at one side thereof. - Therefore, it should be understood that the
ribbons - The
loom 10 is a loom of the horizontal type, in which thelower ribbon 1 and theupper ribbon 2 are formed by a suitable interlacing of threads which extend in a substantially horizontal manner. Therefore, the present invention is similarly applicable to looms of different types, for example, vertical looms. - The
loom 10 comprises, in terms of the main components thereof: - a
head 11 through which thelower ribbon 1 and theupper ribbon 2 which are already stitched to each other in a superimposed state are discharged once they have been woven; - a first plurality of
heddles 20 which are provided to receive and guide during movement a corresponding first plurality ofwarp threads 21 which are intended for weaving thelower ribbon 1; - a
first shuttle element 22 which is provided to receive and guide during movement afirst weft thread 23 through the first plurality ofwarp threads 21 so as to obtain the weaving of thelower ribbon 1; - a second plurality of
heddles 30 which are provided to receive and guide during movement a corresponding second plurality ofwarp threads 31 which are intended for weaving theupper ribbon 2; - a
second shuttle element 32 which is provided to receive and guide during movement asecond weft thread 33 through the second plurality ofwarp threads 31 so as to obtain the weaving of theupper ribbon 2; and - a
reed comb 12 which is interposed between thehead 11 and theheddles warp threads - The warp threads of the
first plurality 21 extend in an advance direction X towards thehead 11 and are arranged in a position adjacent to one another in a transverse direction Y, substantially perpendicular to the advance direction X. The advance direction X and the transverse direction Y thereby define a plane, in which thelower ribbon 1 is woven. - Each
warp thread 21 is threaded into an eyelet which is formed in a respective mesh of thefirst plurality 20. Theheddles 20 can be moved in a direction Z which is vertical and which is substantially perpendicular to the plane formed by the advance direction X and the transverse direction Y so as to move, in accordance with a predefined instruction, the first plurality ofwarp threads 21 between a firstupper row 24 and a firstlower row 25 which are spaced apart from each other so as to define afirst shed 26. - The
heddles 20 are preferably subdivided between a predefined number of heddle frame (the Figure illustrates only twoheddle frame 20a), so as to be movable in homogeneous groups, in accordance with the type of weave desired for the weaving of thelower ribbon 1. Alternatively, eachheddle 20 may be movable individually, in a manner independent from the others. - In a similar manner, each
warp thread 31 is threaded into an eyelet which is formed in a respective heddle of thesecond plurality 30. Theheddles 30 are movable in the vertical direction Z so as to move, in accordance with a predefined instruction, the second plurality ofwarp threads 31 between a secondupper row 34 and a secondlower row 35 which are spaced apart so as to define asecond shed 36. - Preferably, each
heddle 30 is movable individually in a manner independent of the other heddles and therefore theheddles 30 can also be subdivided into separate healds which can be controlled individually. - The warp threads of the
second plurality 31 are arranged so as to all be in an upper position with reference to the vertical direction Z, with respect to the warp threads of thefirst plurality 21. In particular, the secondlower row 35 of thewarp threads 31 is positioned above the firstupper row 24 of thewarp threads 21 so that thefirst shed 26 and thesecond shed 36 do not interfere with each other. - As mentioned above, the number, type, the material of the
warp threads ribbons - The
warp threads reed comb 12. Thereed comb 12 is movable in the advance direction X toward and away from thehead 11 in order to compact the first andsecond weft threads first shuttle element 22 is provided to receive and guide during movement thefirst weft thread 23 in the transverse direction Y through thefirst shed 26, which is open between the firstupper row 24 and the firstlower row 25. - In the preferred embodiment described here, the
first shuttle element 22 comprises afirst arm 27 which is guided during pivoting in the transverse direction Y between afirst side 3 and a second side 4 of thelower ribbon 1. Thefirst arm 27 is fixed to apivoting member 27a which is preferably placed in the region of thefirst side 3 of thelower ribbon 1 and, in the region of a free end thereof, comprises aneyelet 27b, through which thefirst weft thread 23 is directed in an alternating manner between thefirst side 3 and the second side 4 of thelower ribbon 1. - The
first shuttle element 22 further comprises afirst hook 28 which is positioned at the second side 4 of thelower ribbon 1 and which is provided in order to engage, directly or indirectly, thefirst weft thread 23 when thefirst arm 27 is pivoted towards the second side 4 of thelower ribbon 1. - The
first hook 28 extends parallel with the second side 4 and can be moved in translation by means of amovable member 29 in an alternating manner in the advance direction X towards and away from thehead 11 in coordination with the similar movement of thereed comb 12, as better explained below. - The
first hook 28 comprises ahooked end 28a and alever 28b which is articulated to a member of thefirst hook 28 and which can be pivoted between an open position in which the hookedend 28a is open and a closure position in which thelever 28b is placed on thehooked end 28a so as to form an eye which is capable of preventing access to the hookedend 28a from the outer side. - In a generally similar manner, the
second shuttle element 32 is provided to receive and guide during movement thesecond weft thread 33 in the transverse direction Y through thesecond shed 36 which is open between the secondupper row 34 and the secondlower row 35. - The
second shuttle element 32 also comprises asecond arm 37 which is directed during pivoting in the transverse direction Y between afirst side 5 and a second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2. - Similarly to the
first arm 27, thesecond arm 37 is also fixed to the pivotingmember 27a which, being at thefirst side 3 of thelower ribbon 1, is also at thefirst side 5 of theupper ribbon 2. In the region of a free end thereof, thesecond arm 37 comprises aneyelet 37b, through which thesecond weft thread 33 is directed alternately between thefirst side 5 and the second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2. - The
second shuttle element 32 further comprises asecond hook 38 which is positioned at the second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2 and which is provided to engage, directly or indirectly, thesecond weft thread 33 when thesecond arm 37 is pivoted towards the second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2. - The
second hook 38 extends parallel with the second side 6 and can be moved in translation by means of themovable member 29 in an alternating manner in the advance direction X towards and away from thehead 11, together with thefirst hook 28 and in coordination with thereed comb 12. - The
first hook 38 also comprises ahooked end 38a and alever 38b which is articulated to a member of thesecond hook 38 and which can be pivoted between an open position in which thehooked end 38a is open and accessible and a closure position in which thelever 38b is placed on thehooked end 38a so as to form an eye which is capable of preventing access to the hookedend 38a from the outer side. - Preferably, there is formed on the
head 11 an opening 11a in order to allow the passage of thesecond hook 38 through thehead 11 into a position beside the second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2. - In a position beside the
second hook 38, there is further provided aguide element 13 of thesecond weft thread 33. Theguide element 13 is secured, preferably in an adjustable manner, to thehead 11 and extends from the head in the advance direction X towards thereed comb 12. - The
guide element 13 is formed from a thin plate which is in a plane which is defined by the advance direction X and the vertical direction Z so as to allow the passage thereof through the teeth of thereed comb 12 when the reed comb is moved towards thehead 11. - Preferably, the
guide element 13 has anend 14 which is opposite thehead 11 which is formed to guide the engagement of thesecond weft thread 33 in thesecond hook 38. In particular, theend 14 has a curved hook-like profile which is capable of abutting thesecond weft thread 33 when it is moved by thesecond arm 37 through the second shed 36 towards the second side 6 of theupper ribbon 2, and of lowering it gradually towards the secondlower row 35 until it is engaged with thehooked end 38a of thesecond hook 38. - Preferably, in a retracted position with respect to the
end 14, theguide element 13 has anopening 15 which is capable of promoting the free pivoting during opening or closing of thelever 38b. - According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the loom 10 further comprises an
auxiliary heddle 16 which is provided to receive and guide during movement acorresponding stitching thread 17 which is capable of stitching together theupper ribbon 2 and thelower ribbon 1. - The
stitching thread 17 which is identical or different to thewarp threads warp threads head 11. - The
auxiliary heddle 16 is further movable in the vertical direction Z between the secondupper row 34 and the firstlower row 25, and vice versa, so as to bind together the first andsecond weft thread lower ribbon 1 to theupper ribbon 2. - Preferably, the movement of the
auxiliary heddle 16 is individual and independent of theother heddles auxiliary heddle 16 is far greater than the other heddles and covers the entire range in the vertical direction Z of thewarp threads - The operating methods of the
loom 10 are described below. - The weaving of the
ribbons - By the
heddles 20 and theheddles 30 being acted on in a suitable manner, thewarp threads 21 are subdivided between the firstupper row 24 and the firstlower row 25,
and thewarp threads 31 are subdivided between the secondupper row 34 and the secondlower row 35, defining the first shed 26 and the second shed 36, respectively. - As set out above, the rows are separated from each other in the vertical direction Z so that, in a downward direction, they encounter the second
upper row 34, the secondlower row 35, the firstupper row 24 and the firstlower row 25. - In this step, the
reed comb 12 is moved into a position spaced apart from thehead 11, thefirst arm 27 and thesecond arm 37 are positioned externally with respect to the first shed 26 and the second shed 36, respectively, with theends first sides lower ribbon 1 and the upper ribbon 2 (Figure 1 ). - The
stitching thread 17, in this step, is positioned in the region of the secondupper row 34 and is located between thewarp threads 31, for example, moved towards the second side 6 of the upper ribbon 2 (Figure 1 ). Subsequently, thefirst arm 27 and thesecond arm 37 are pivoted in such a manner that the respective ends 27b and 37b are moved towards the second side 4 and 6 of thelower ribbon 1 and theupper ribbon 2, respectively. In this manner, thefirst weft thread 23 and thesecond weft thread 33 are directed between the respective upper and lower rows of thewarp threads Figure 3 ). - At the second side 4 and 6 of the
lower ribbon 1 and theupper ribbon 2, thefirst weft thread 23 andsecond weft thread 33 are engaged with thefirst hook first arm 27 and thesecond arm 37 are caused to pivot towards thefirst side second weft threads respective ribbons - During this step, the
first hook 28 and thesecond hook 38 are moved away from thehead 11, with the respective hooked ends 28a and 38a moved towards theheddles levers Figure 3 ), respectively. - The engagement of the weft thread can be carried out in a direct or indirect manner.
- In the first case, the weft thread is engaged directly with the hook while, in the second case, the weft thread is engaged with an auxiliary thread which is in turn engaged with the hook.
- Preferably, the
second hook 38 engages thesecond weft thread 33 in a direct manner while thefirst hook 28 engages anauxiliary thread 18 which extends in a substantially parallel manner with the warp threads of the firstlower row 25 in a manner independent thereof. Theauxiliary thread 18 is used as a reinforcement of the edge of thelower ribbon 1 and is located in a position lower than thefirst weft thread 23 when it is directed in the region of the second side 4 of thelower ribbon 1. - The
first hook 28, passing above thefirst weft thread 23, engages theauxiliary thread 18, which is suitably guided by anarm 19, which is located below thefirst weft thread 23, so that thefirst weft thread 23 can no longer become unthreaded from theauxiliary thread 18. - Once the first and
second arms respective sheds reed comb 12 is moved in the advance direction X towards thehead 11, so as to compact thefirst weft thread 23 and thesecond weft thread 33 against the preceding weft threads. - In this step, the first and
second arms head 11 or in a retracted position with respect thereto, so as to promote the above-mentioned compaction step. The movement of thereed comb 12 is not obstructed by the presence of theguide element 13, theend 14 of which passes through the teeth of the reed comb 12 (Figure 6 ). Simultaneously, the first andsecond hooks head 11, still in order to promote the compaction step. During this movement, thelevers hooked ends Figure 5 ). - The mesh positioned on the member which is unthreaded from the hook is formed by the
second weft thread 33 in the case of thesecond hook 38 and theauxiliary thread 18 in the case of thefirst hook 28. - In particular, during this withdrawal movement, the
auxiliary thread 18 which is engaged with thehooked end 28a is drawn above thefirst weft thread 23, forming a mesh which is threaded in the mesh, formed in the preceding cycle, which is unthreaded from the member by sliding above the eye. - In the case of the
second hook 38, however, it is thesecond weft thread 33 which is engaged with thehooked end 38a which is threaded during this withdrawal movement in the mesh, which is formed in the preceding cycle, which is unthreaded from the member by sliding above the eye. - In other versions of the invention, there is provision for the
first weft thread 23 to be engaged in a direct manner and/or for thesecond weft thread 33 to be engaged in an indirect manner. - Once the
weft threads reed comb 12, one or more of theheddles 20 and theheddles 30 are moved between the respective upper row and lower row so that thefirst weft thread 23 is bound by one ormore warp threads 21 and thesecond weft thread 33 is bound by one ormore warp threads 31. - The movement of the
heddles lower ribbon 1 and theupper ribbon 2, respectively. - During this movement of the
heddles auxiliary mesh 16 is also moved away from the secondupper row 24. - The
auxiliary heddle mesh 16 can be moved away from the secondupper row 24 as far as the firstlower row 35, thereby binding in a single stroke both the first and thesecond weft threads - Therefore, in order to prevent the movement of the
stitching thread 17 through all thewarp threads auxiliary mesh 16 to be moved away from the secondupper row 34 to the secondlower row 35 or, at most, as far as the firstupper row 24. - Finally, with the movement of the
heddles reed comb 12 is brought away from thehead 11 so as to reform thesheds second hooks head 11. During this translation movement, thelevers second hooks - In this manner, there is brought about a return to the initial configuration, completing a weaving cycle, while the lower and
upper ribbons head 11. - During the subsequent cycle, the
auxiliary heddle mesh 16 is moved, when theheddles lower row 35 or, where applicable, away from the firstupper row 24 where it was positioned during the preceding cycle as far as the firstlower row 25. - During subsequent cycles, the
auxiliary heddle mesh 16 is moved, with a similar and opposite movement, from the firstlower row 25 to the secondupper row 34, thereby completing, in the space of four weaving cycles, a stitching cycle, involving binding both thefirst weft thread 23 and thesecond weft thread 33 and consequently thelower ribbon 1 to theupper ribbon 2. The invention described above in detail with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof is suitable for a number of variants, but all remaining for all that within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims. - A first variant involves the possibility of using different shuttle elements or looms with an orientation which is not horizontal or with different control systems of the heddles.
- Other possible variants relate to the number of superimposed ribbons which can be greater than two in number, or the mutual positioning thereof, or furthermore the number of stitching threads used.
- Therefore, the present invention solves the problem set out above, achieving at the same time a number of other advantages, including the fact of obtaining with a single weaving processing operation an article which is formed by superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other.
Claims (11)
- A process for weaving superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other, comprising a sequence of successive cycles, each cycle comprising the steps of:- providing on a loom (10) a first plurality of warp threads (21) which are intended for weaving a lower ribbon (1), extended transversally between a first side (3) thereof and a second side (4) thereof, subdividing said first plurality of warp threads between a first upper row (24) of threads and a first lower row (25) of threads so as to define between the first rows of threads a first shed (26),- providing on the loom a second plurality of warp threads (31) which are intended for weaving an upper ribbon (2), extended transversally between a first side (5) thereof and a second side (6) thereof, subdividing said second plurality of warp threads between a second upper row (34) of threads and a second lower row (35) of threads so as to define between the second rows of threads a second shed (36), the second lower row (35) of threads being positioned higher than the first upper row (24) of threads,
characterised by- passing a first weft thread (23) with a first arm (27) which is able to be pivoted transversely to the advance direction through the first shed (26) between said first side (3) and said second side (4) of the lower ribbon (1) where it is engaged by a first hook (28) located at said second side of said lower ribbon (1),- passing a second weft thread (33) with a second arm (37) which is able to be pivoted transversely to the advance direction through the second shed (36) between said first side (5) and said second side (6) of the upper ribbon (2) where it is engaged by a second hook (38) located at said second side of said upper ribbon (2),- compacting the first weft thread (23) and the second weft thread (33) against the respective preceding weft threads,- moving at least one or more of the warp threads (21) of the lower ribbon (1) between the first upper row (24) and the first lower row (25) so as to bind the first weft thread (23),- moving at least one or more of the warp threads (31) of the upper ribbon (2) between the second upper row (34) and the second lower row (35), so as to bind the second weft thread (33),- providing on the loom at least one stitching thread (17) which extends between the pluralities of warp threads (21, 31), the at least one stitching thread being moved, at the time of one or more of the cycles, between the second upper row (34) and the first lower row (25), and vice versa, so as to bind together the first and second weft thread (23, 33). - Process according to claim 1, wherein, in a first cycle, the at least one stitching thread (17) is moved from the second upper row (34) to the second lower row (35) or to the first upper row (24) and, in a subsequent cycle, from the second lower row (35) or to the first upper row (24) to the first lower row (25).
- Process according to claim 2, wherein the at least one stitching thread (17) is moved between the second upper row to the second lower row or to the first upper row while the at least one or more of the warp threads (31) of the upper ribbon (2) is/are moved between the second upper row (34) and the second lower row (35).
- Process according to claim 3, wherein the at least one stitching thread (17) is moved between the second lower row (35) or the first upper row (24) and the first lower row (25) while the at least one or more of the warp threads (21) of the lower ribbon (1) is/are moved between the first upper row (24) and the first lower row (25).
- A process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a single stitching thread is provided.
- Loom for weaving superimposed ribbons (1, 2) which are stitched to each other, comprising:- a head (11) through which the superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other are discharged once they have been woven,- a first plurality of heddles (20) which are provided to receive and guide during movement a corresponding first plurality of warp threads (21) which extend towards the head in an advance direction (X) and which are intended for weaving a lower ribbon (1), the heddles of the first plurality being movable in a direction (Z) which is substantially perpendicular to the advance direction (X) between a first upper row (24) and a first lower row (25) which are spaced apart from each other so as to define a first shed (26),- a second plurality of heddles (30) which are provided to receive and guide during movement a corresponding second plurality of warp threads (31) which extend towards the head (11) in the advance direction and which are intended for weaving an upper ribbon (2), the heddles of the second plurality being movable in the direction (Z) which is substantially perpendicular to the advance direction (X) between a second upper row (34) and a second lower row (35) which are spaced apart from each other so as to define a second shed (36), the second lower row (35) being positioned higher than the first upper row (24),- a first shuttle element (22) which is provided to receive and guide during movement a first weft thread (23) through the first shed (26), transversely to the advance direction,- a second shuttle element (32) which is provided to receive and guide during movement a second weft thread (33) through the second shed (36), transversely to the advance direction,- a reed comb (12) which is interposed between the first and second pluralities of heddles (20, 30) and the head (11), through which the first and second pluralities of warp threads are directed, the reed comb being movable in the advance direction (X) away from and towards the head in order to compact the first and second weft thread (23, 33),- at least one auxiliary heddle (16) which is provided to receive and guide during movement towards the head in the advance direction (X) a corresponding stitching thread (17) which extends between the first and second pluralities of warp threads (21, 31), the auxiliary heddle (16) being movable in a direction (Z) which is substantially perpendicular to the advance direction (X) between the second upper row and the first lower row, and vice versa, so as to bind together the first and second weft thread,characterised in that said first shuttle element (22) comprises:- a first arm (27), on which there is guided the first weft thread (23), the first arm being able to be pivoted transversely to the advance direction through the first shed (26) in order to direct the first weft thread between a first side and a second side (3, 4) of the lower ribbon (1), and- a first hook (28) which is positioned at the second side (4) of the lower ribbon (1) in order to engage, directly or indirectly, the first weft thread (23) when the first arm (27) is pivoted towards the second side of the lower ribbon, in that said second shuttle element comprises:- a second arm (37), on which there is guided the second weft thread (33), the second arm being able to be pivoted transversely to the advance direction through the second shed (36) in order to direct the second weft thread between a first side and a second side (5, 6) of the upper ribbon (2), and- a second hook (38) which is positioned at the second side (6) of the upper ribbon (2) in order to engage, directly or indirectly, the second weft thread (33) when the second arm (37) is pivoted towards the second side (6) of the upper ribbon (2).
- Loom according to claim 6, wherein the second hook (38) is movable in translation in an reciprocating manner in the advance direction (X).
- Loom according to claim 7, wherein there is formed in the head (11) an opening (11a) for the passage of the second hook (38) through the head.
- Loom according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein there is provided a guide element (13) of the second weft thread (33), which guide element extends from the head (11) in the advance direction (X) and which is beside the second hook (38) and is configured to guide the engagement of the second weft thread (33) in the second hook (38).
- Loom according to claim 9, wherein the guide element (13) is formed in the manner of a thin plate in order to pass through the teeth of the reed comb (12) when the reed comb is moved against the head (11).
- Loom according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the guide element (14) is secured in an adjustable manner to the head (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITUB2015A001813A ITUB20151813A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | WEAVING PROCESS OF STACKED RIBBONS SEWED BETWEEN THEM AND OPERATING CHASSIS ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3112510A2 EP3112510A2 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
EP3112510A3 EP3112510A3 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
EP3112510B1 true EP3112510B1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP16177632.3A Active EP3112510B1 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2016-07-01 | Process for weaving superimposed ribbons which are stitched to each other and a loom operating according to that process |
Country Status (2)
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EP (1) | EP3112510B1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITUB20151813A1 (en) |
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IT202100017585A1 (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2023-01-02 | Ribbontex S R L | Lace hook system |
Family Cites Families (4)
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CH447067A (en) * | 1966-05-12 | 1967-11-15 | Kuny Hans | Process for the production of velvet ribbons, ribbon loom for carrying out the process, and velvet ribbon produced by the process |
ES490678A0 (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-09-01 | Murtra Ind | PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF A DOUBLE FABRIC IN NEEDLE LOOMS FOR CINTERY |
DE9316676U1 (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1994-01-20 | Schickhardt C J Gmbh Co Kg | Tear-open fabric, especially for fall arresters of fall arrest systems |
CA2759965A1 (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-05-29 | Societa' Per Azioni Fratelli Citterio | Method and apparatus for continuous production of a textile structure resistant to perforation and penetration and textile structure thus obtained |
-
2015
- 2015-07-02 IT ITUB2015A001813A patent/ITUB20151813A1/en unknown
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2016
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ITUB20151813A1 (en) | 2017-01-02 |
EP3112510A2 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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