EP3098379B1 - Procédé permettant de rendre étanche une ouverture d'un équipement de forage - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de rendre étanche une ouverture d'un équipement de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3098379B1
EP3098379B1 EP15169136.7A EP15169136A EP3098379B1 EP 3098379 B1 EP3098379 B1 EP 3098379B1 EP 15169136 A EP15169136 A EP 15169136A EP 3098379 B1 EP3098379 B1 EP 3098379B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wellbore
shock wave
metal patch
generation device
wave generation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15169136.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3098379A1 (fr
Inventor
Todd Parker
Shawn Carroll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Blue Spark Energy Inc
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Blue Spark Energy Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to EP15169136.7A priority Critical patent/EP3098379B1/fr
Publication of EP3098379A1 publication Critical patent/EP3098379A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3098379B1 publication Critical patent/EP3098379B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/10—Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
    • E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like

Definitions

  • the field of the invention relates to the sealing of openings, such as perforations, holes, cracks or the like and, more particularly, to a method and device for sealing an opening of an equipment arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation in order to improve the recovery of formation fluids and/or gases.
  • a preferred application of the invention concerns sealing at least one perforation of a metallic casing arranged in a wellbore.
  • a borehole is drilled into the earth through the oil or gas producing subterranean formation or, for some purposes, through a water bearing formation or a formation into which water or gas or other liquids are to be injected.
  • Completion of a well may be carried out in a number of ways dependent upon the nature of the formation of interest.
  • metal patches may be used to repair the casing and enable production to be improved.
  • a metal patch may be used to seal some of the perforations of the casing to improve the recovery of oil and/or gas. In some cases, such sealing may be the only economic means of safely returning the well to production.
  • the present invention concerns a method for sealing at least one opening of a wellbore equipment arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation in order to improve the recovery of formation fluids and/or gases, said method comprising the steps of:
  • the method according to the invention allows thus efficiently, easily and rapidly for sealing an opening of a wellbore equipment arranged in a wellbore.
  • Such opening may be a perforation, a hole, a crack or the like.
  • the wellbore equipment may be a metallic casing.
  • the method may be advantageously used to seal perforations, previously made in a metallic casing disposed in a wellbore for recovering oil or gas for a subterranean formation, allowing therefore stimulation the recovery.
  • the method according to the invention provides an electrohydraulic forming (EHF) process for solidly fixing the metal patch to the wellbore equipment as the metal constituting the patch penetrates into the opening, allowing strongly fixing the metal patch to the wellbore equipment.
  • EHF electrohydraulic forming
  • electrohydraulic forming allows pushing the material constituting the metal patch enough into the opening to fix the metal patch solidly onto the wellbore equipment and improve significantly the recovery of oil and/or gas.
  • the metal patch may take any adapted shape such as; e.g., a tube or a plate such as a curved plate.
  • a plate may be used to seal a unique perforation.
  • a tube may be used to seal a plurality of perforations at the same time.
  • a series of at least ten shock waves, preferably twenty shock wave, is generated for efficiently fixing the patch to the wellbore equipment.
  • a plurality of series of shock waves is generated.
  • each series of shock waves is generated repeatedly at different locations along the wellbore equipment, for example different heights of a casing.
  • the different locations correspond to different locations of openings.
  • Using a plurality of series of shock waves allows advantageously fixing solidly the patch to the wellbore equipment.
  • the at least one shock wave propagates radially.
  • the metal patch is shaped as a tube, this allows sealing simultaneously a plurality of openings.
  • the at least one shock wave propagates in a predetermined direction toward the metal patch, for example using a reflector.
  • the metallic patch may be a curved plate which is positioned in front of a unique perforation and the at least one shock wave is propagated in a predetermined direction toward said curved plate.
  • the at least one shock wave is generated in a transmitting fluid, such as e.g. water or oil.
  • the at least one shock wave is generated in a transmitting liquid.
  • the transmitting liquid is at least partially delimited by a membrane and the at least one shock wave is propagated through said membrane toward the metal patch for sealing the at least one opening.
  • the invention also concerns a shock wave generation device for sealing with a metal patch at least one opening of a wellbore equipment arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation in order to improve the recovery of formation fluids and/or gases, said shock wave generation device comprising a discharge unit configured for generating at least one electrical discharge that propagates at least one shock wave toward said metal patch at least one shock wave adapted to deform and fix the metal patch onto the wellbore equipment, sealing therefore the at least one opening.
  • the shock wave generation device is a source of electrohydraulic energy, which allows the metal patch to be solidly fixed on the wellbore equipment to seal the at least one opening by electrohydraulic forming (EHF).
  • EHF electrohydraulic forming
  • the discharge unit comprises a first electrode and a second electrode for generating a high voltage arc, preferentially in a shock wave transmitting liquid.
  • the discharge unit is configured for generating at least one electrical discharge that propagates at least one shock wave radially.
  • the discharge unit is configured for generating at least one electrical discharge that propagates at least one shock wave in a predetermined direction.
  • the shock wave generation device comprises a chamber which is at least partially filled with a shock wave transmitting liquid and a membrane delimiting at least partially said chamber.
  • a membrane isolates the liquid in the chamber from elements of the wellbore surrounding the shock wave generating device, such as e.g. mud or other fluids, while maintaining acoustic coupling with the control equipment, improving thus the propagation of shockwaves while preventing external fluids from damaging the discharge unit.
  • Such flexible membrane prevents in particular the deposits and other elements from damaging electrodes and other components (insulators) of the discharge unit.
  • the membrane is deformable and/or flexible and/or elastic in order to prevent the at least one shock wave to bounce on it and to conduct efficiently the at least one shock wave toward the metal patch.
  • the membrane is made of fluorinated rubber or other fluoroelastomer.
  • the relative elongation of the membrane is at least 150 %, preferably at least 200% in order to be used efficiently in oils, fuels, liquid reservoirs, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons etc...
  • the membrane is operable between -35°C and 250°C in order to be used in oils, fuels, liquid reservoirs, aliphatic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons etc...
  • the shock wave generation device comprises at least one metallic wire mounted between the first electrode and the second electrode for creating a pressure wave.
  • the at least one metallic wire heats until vaporization, generating therefore a pressure wave that propagates into the fluid.
  • the shock wave generation device further comprises a power conversion unit, a power storage unit and a control unit.
  • the invention also concerns the use of a shock wave generation device as previously described for sealing with a metal patch at least one opening of a wellbore equipment arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation in order to improve the recovery of formation fluids and/or gases.
  • the invention also concerns a system comprising a shock wave generation device as previously described, a wellbore equipment comprising at least one opening to be sealed, e.g. such as a casing, arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation and at least one metal patch arranged in said wellbore, between said shock wave generation device and said wellbore equipment, and facing said at least one opening to be sealed.
  • a shock wave generation device as previously described
  • a wellbore equipment comprising at least one opening to be sealed, e.g. such as a casing, arranged in a wellbore of a subterranean formation and at least one metal patch arranged in said wellbore, between said shock wave generation device and said wellbore equipment, and facing said at least one opening to be sealed.
  • the system further comprises a connection mean coupled to the shock wave generation device for inserting said shock wave generation device in the wellbore nearby the wellbore equipment, a voltage source located external of the wellbore and an electrical circuit within said wireline for connecting said voltage source to the shock wave generation device.
  • connection mean may be a wireline for a vertical wellbore, a wireline tractor for pushing the device into both vertical or horizontal wellbores or a coiled tubing for both vertical or horizontal wellbores.
  • a wireline tractor for pushing the device into both vertical or horizontal wellbores
  • a coiled tubing for both vertical or horizontal wellbores.
  • the device is mounted on the coiled tubing which is then introduced into the wellbore.
  • the invention also concerns a wellbore for recovering formation fluids or gases from a subterranean formation, said wellbore comprising at least one wellbore equipment arranged into said wellbore and comprising at least one opening to be sealed, a shock wave generation device as previously described and at least one metal patch arranged in the wellbore between said shock wave generation device and said wellbore equipment, facing said at least one opening.
  • Spatial terms describe the relative position of an object or a group of objects relative to another object or group of objects.
  • the spatial relationships apply along vertical and horizontal axes.
  • Orientation and relational words including “uphole” and “downhole”; “above” and “below”; “up” and “down” and other like terms are for descriptive convenience and are not limiting unless otherwise indicated.
  • the invention is described hereunder in reference to a well for producing formation fluids or gases such as e.g. oil wherein the formation is a sand formation. This does not limit the scope of the present invention which may be used with any type of formation wherein formation elements arranged on or between control particles of a formation control apparatus could prevent the passage of formation fluids or gases.
  • FIG. 1 shows a subterranean formation 1 comprising a treatment zone 3.
  • a treatment zone 3 may be made of rock.
  • treatment zone 3 has an upper bound 5 and a bottom bound 7.
  • the treatment zone 3 comprises a porous zone 9 that constitutes a reservoir of hydrocarbons, such as oil or gas.
  • the porous zone 9 is accessible through a wellbore 10 extending from the surface 11 through to the treatment zone 3.
  • the uphole bound 5 is the uphole-most portion of treatment zone 3 accessible through wellbore 10 and the downhole bound 7 is the downhole-most portion of treatment zone 3 accessible through wellbore 10.
  • the treatment zone 3 interfaces with the wellbore 10 at wellbore wall 12 and extends radially from wellbore 10.
  • the wellbore 10 is vertical, but this does not limit the scope of the present invention as the method and device according to the invention may advantageously be used in any type of wellbores such as e.g. horizontal wellbores.
  • this wall 12 comprises a wellbore equipment which is a metallic casing 14.
  • This metallic casing 14 comprises perforations 16 that allow creating some flow paths within the treatment zone 3 adjacent to the wellbore 10.
  • Such metallic casing 14 is known from the person skilled in the art.
  • a source of electrohydraulic energy in the form of a shock wave generation device 20 is introduced (arrow 21) into the wellbore 10 and positioned near the wellbore wall 12.
  • the shock wave generation device 20 is configured for generating a series of electrical discharges that propagate a series of shock waves.
  • FIG. 2 to 8 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the shock wave generation device 20 according to the invention.
  • the shock wave generation device 20 is coupled to a wireline 22 which is operable to raise and lower said shock wave generation device 20 and to supply power from the surface 11 (in reference to FIG. 1 ) to said shock wave generation device 20.
  • a voltage source (not shown) located external of the wellbore 10 and an electrical circuit (not shown) mounted within said wireline 22 allow connecting said voltage source to the shock wave generation device 20. Electrical power is supplied by the low voltage source at a steady and relatively low power from the surface 11 through the wireline 22 to the downhole shock wave generation device 20.
  • the shock wave generation device 20 comprises a power conversion unit 30, a power storage unit 40, a control unit 50 and a discharge unit 60.
  • the power conversion unit 30 comprises suitable circuitry for charging of the capacitors in the power storage unit 40. Timing of the discharge of the energy in the power from the power storage unit 50 through the discharge unit 60 is controlled by the control unit 50.
  • control unit 50 is a switch, which discharges when the voltage reaches a predefined threshold.
  • the discharge unit 60 comprises a first electrode 62 and a second electrode 64 configured for triggering an electrical discharge.
  • the discharge unit 60 may be configured to propagate shock waves radially or in a predetermined direction.
  • electrohydraulic shockwaves 90 (in reference to FIGS. 4 and 7 ) are generated.
  • the discharge unit 60 comprises a plurality of capacitors (not represented) for storage of electrical energy configured for generating one or a plurality of electrical discharges. According to the electrohydraulic effect, an electrical discharge is discharged in a very short time (few micro seconds).
  • the discharge unit 60 further comprises a membrane 66 delimiting a chamber 68 which is filled with a shock wave transmitting liquid 70, allowing transmitting shock waves through the membrane 66 toward the metallic casing 14.
  • the discharge unit 60 may not comprise a membrane 66.
  • Such membrane 66 isolates the discharge unit 60 from the wellbore 20 while maintaining acoustic coupling with said wellbore 20, improving the propagation of shockwaves while preventing external fluids from the wellbore 20 from damaging the discharge unit 60.
  • the membrane 66 is flexible in order to an efficient propagation of shock waves in many directions and prevent shock waves to bounce on it, allowing therefore an efficient conduction of the shock wave toward a metal patch to be sealed on the metallic casing 14.
  • the membrane 66 may be made of fluorine rubber or fluoroelastomer with a relative elongation of at least 150 %, preferably at least 200% and being operable between -35°C and 250°C.
  • the system according to the invention comprises a metal patch 80.
  • the patch 80 is shaped like a tube.
  • the thickness of the metal patch 80 may range, for example, from 2 to 6 mm.
  • the height and width of the metal patch 80 may range, e.g. from 10 cm to 1 meter of more. range, for example, from 2 to 6 mm.
  • the height and width of the metal patch 80 may range, e.g. from 10 cm to 1 meter of more.
  • the invention is describes in its application to sealing perforations made in a metallic casing 14.
  • the shock wave generation device 20 is first positioned, in step S1, inside the casing 14 in front of a first plurality of perforations 16A to be sealed.
  • An optimized position of the shock wave generation device 20 is defined by the alignment of the perforations 16A with the space between the first electrode 62 and the second electrode 64, as shown on FIG. 2 .
  • step S2 as described on FIG. 3 , the metal patch 80 is positioned inside the wellbore 10 between the shock wave generation device 20 and the first plurality of perforations 16A to be sealed.
  • steps S1 and S2 may be inverted as the metal patch 80 may be positioned in the wellbore 10 before the shock wave generation device 20.
  • step S3 at least one shock wave 90, preferably a series of shock waves, is generated into the transmitting liquid 70 by the discharge unit 60 of the shock wave generation device 20.
  • This at least one shock wave 90 propagates in step S4 through the membrane 66 toward the metal patch as illustrated on FIG. 4 .
  • step S5 the at least one propagated shock wave 90 deforms the metal patch 80 in an electrohydraulic forming process so that said metal patch 80 is compressed against the casing 14 on and into perforations 16A of the first plurality of perforations 16A, fixing the metal patch 80 to the casing 14 and sealing eventually therefore said perforations 16A as illustrated on FIG. 5 .
  • the shock wave generation device 20 is then moved, in step S6, to another position inside the casing in order to seal a second plurality of perforations 16B as illustrated on FIG. 6 .
  • position of said second plurality of perforations 16B is lower than position of the first plurality of perforations 16A.
  • the shock wave generation device 20 could seal the second plurality of lower perforations 16B first then be moved upwardly to seal the first plurality of higher perforations 16A.
  • step S7 at least one shock wave 90, preferably a series of shock waves, is generated into the transmitting liquid 70 by the discharge unit 60 of the shock wave generation device 20.
  • This at least one shock wave 90 propagates in step S8 through the membrane 66 toward the metal patch as illustrated on FIG. 7 .
  • step S9 the at least one propagated shock wave 90 deforms the metal patch 80 in an electrohydraulic forming process so that said metal patch 80 is compressed against the casing 14 on and into perforations 16B of the second plurality of perforations 16B, fixing the metal patch 80 to the casing 14 and sealing eventually said perforations 16B as illustrated on FIG. 8 .
  • a series of shock waves preferably comprises at least ten shock waves, for example propagated at a periodic interval of time, e.g. every 5 to 20 seconds.
  • a plurality of series may be advantageously repeated at different heights in wellbore 10 to seal perforations 16 located at different places on the casing therefore improving the recovery of oil or gas and the stimulation of the wellbore 10.
  • Embodiments include many additional standard components or equipment that enables and makes operable the described device, process, method and system.
  • control and performance of portions of or entire steps of a process or method can occur through human interaction, pre-programmed computer control and response systems, or combinations thereof.
  • the method according to the invention is not limited to a casing and may be used to seal an opening such as a crack or a hole on various different wellbore equipments such as e.g. a sand control screen, a slotted liner, a perforated liner, a valve, a port, etc.
  • the method according to the invention is not limited to a production wellbore and may be used into an abandoned wellbore or an injection wellbore such as a chemical or vapor injection wellbore.
  • the invention is not limited to the described embodiment and can be applied to all type of formation fluids or gases transportation means.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour rendre étanche au moins une ouverture (16, 16A, 16B) d'un équipement de puits de forage (14) agencé dans un puits de forage (10) d'une formation souterraine (1) afin d'améliorer la récupération de fluides et/ou gaz de formation, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes de :
    - positionnement (S2) une pièce métallique (80) entre ledit équipement de puits de forage (14) et un dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20), ladite pièce métallique (80) faisant face à l'au moins une ouverture (16A, 16B) à rendre étanche ;
    - génération (S3), dans un liquide de transmission (70) au moins partiellement délimité par une membrane élastique (66), à l'aide dudit dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20), au moins une décharge électrique propageant au moins une onde de choc (90) à travers ladite membrane (66) dans ledit puits de forage (10) vers ladite pièce métallique (80) afin de déformer et de fixer la pièce métallique (80) sur l'équipement de puits de forage (14), rendant ainsi étanche l'au moins une ouverture (16A, 16B).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une série d'au moins dix ondes de choc (90) est générée.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel une pluralité de séries d'ondes de choc (90) est générée.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel chaque série d'ondes de choc (90) est générée de façon répétée à différents emplacements le long de l'équipement de puits de forage (14).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'au moins une onde de choc (90) se propage radialement.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'au moins une onde de choc (90) se propage dans une direction prédéterminée vers la pièce métallique (80).
  7. Utilisation d'un dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (80) pour rendre étanche à l'aide d'une pièce métallique (80) au moins une ouverture (16, 16A, 16B) d'un équipement de puits de forage (14) agencé dans un puits de forage (10) d'une formation souterraine (1) afin d'améliorer la récupération de fluides et/ou gaz de formation, ledit dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) comprenant une membrane élastique (66) et une unité de décharge (60), ladite unité de décharge (60) étant configurée pour générer dans un liquide de transmission (70) au moins partiellement délimité par ladite membrane élastique (66) au moins une décharge électrique qui propage au moins une onde de choc (90) à travers ladite membrane (66) vers ladite pièce métallique (80) afin de déformer et de fixer la pièce métallique (80) sur l'équipement de puits de forage (14), rendant ainsi étanche l'au moins une ouverture (16A, 16B).
  8. Système ayant un dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) pour rendre étanche à l'aide d'une pièce métallique (80) au moins une ouverture (16, 16A, 16B) d'un équipement de puits de forage (14) agencé dans un puits de forage (10) d'une formation souterraine (1) afin d'améliorer la récupération de fluides et/ou gaz de formation, le système ayant également l'équipement de puits de forage, comprenant l'au moins une ouverture (16, 16A, 16B) à rendre étanche, agencé dans le puits de forage (10) de la formation souterraine (1), et le système ayant également au moins une dite pièce métallique (80) agencée dans ledit puits de forage (10), entre ledit dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) et ledit équipement de puits de forage (14), et faisant face à ladite au moins une ouverture (16, 16A, 16B) à rendre étanche, ledit dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) comprenant une membrane élastique (66) et une unité de décharge (60), ladite unité de décharge (60) étant configurée pour générer dans un liquide de transmission d'ondes de chocs (70) au moins une décharge électrique qui propage au moins une onde de choc (90) à travers ladite membrane (66) vers ladite au moins une pièce métallique (80) afin de déformer et de fixer l'au moins une pièce métallique (80) sur l'équipement de puits de forage (14), rendant ainsi étanche l'au moins une ouverture (16A, 16B).
  9. Système selon la revendication 8, ledit système comprenant en outre un câble métallique (22) accouplé au dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) pour insérer ledit dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20) dans le puits de forage (10) à proximité de l'équipement de puits de forage (14), une source de tension située à l'extérieur du puits de forage (10) et un circuit électrique dans ledit câble métallique (22) pour connecter ladite source de tension au dispositif de génération d'ondes de choc (20).
  10. Puits de forage (10) pour récupérer des fluides ou gaz de formation d'une formation souterraine (1), ledit puits de forage (10) comprenant un système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 ou 9.
EP15169136.7A 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 Procédé permettant de rendre étanche une ouverture d'un équipement de forage Active EP3098379B1 (fr)

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EP15169136.7A EP3098379B1 (fr) 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 Procédé permettant de rendre étanche une ouverture d'un équipement de forage

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EP15169136.7A EP3098379B1 (fr) 2015-05-26 2015-05-26 Procédé permettant de rendre étanche une ouverture d'un équipement de forage

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EP3098379B1 true EP3098379B1 (fr) 2019-10-02

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CN112647929B (zh) * 2019-10-11 2024-05-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于检测井筒沉积的实验装置

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US2214226A (en) * 1939-03-29 1940-09-10 English Aaron Method and apparatus useful in drilling and producing wells
US3180418A (en) * 1961-08-16 1965-04-27 Norman A Macleod Casing descaling method and apparatus
US3167122A (en) * 1962-05-04 1965-01-26 Pan American Petroleum Corp Method and apparatus for repairing casing
US4345650A (en) 1980-04-11 1982-08-24 Wesley Richard H Process and apparatus for electrohydraulic recovery of crude oil
DE3891315T1 (de) * 1988-05-20 1990-04-05 Pk Byuro Elektrogidravliki An Verfahren zur erregung eines bohrlochs waehrend der erdoelfoerderung und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US6227293B1 (en) 2000-02-09 2001-05-08 Conoco Inc. Process and apparatus for coupled electromagnetic and acoustic stimulation of crude oil reservoirs using pulsed power electrohydraulic and electromagnetic discharge
US6775894B2 (en) 2001-07-11 2004-08-17 Aera Energy, Llc Casing patching tool
US6668930B2 (en) 2002-03-26 2003-12-30 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Method for installing an expandable coiled tubing patch
FR2972757B1 (fr) * 2011-03-14 2014-01-31 Total Sa Fracturation electrique et statique d'un reservoir

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