EP3092130B1 - Methods for marking substrates - Google Patents
Methods for marking substrates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3092130B1 EP3092130B1 EP14825530.0A EP14825530A EP3092130B1 EP 3092130 B1 EP3092130 B1 EP 3092130B1 EP 14825530 A EP14825530 A EP 14825530A EP 3092130 B1 EP3092130 B1 EP 3092130B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- transfer mechanism
- ink layer
- applying
- ink
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 86
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 64
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095095 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003854 Surface Print Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OSIVCXJNIBEGCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-octoxypiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)N(OCCCCCCCC)C(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(OCCCCCCCC)C(C)(C)C1 OSIVCXJNIBEGCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 XITRBUPOXXBIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012949 free radical photoinitiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
- B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
- B65C9/0015—Preparing the labels or articles, e.g. smoothing, removing air bubbles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
- B41M5/0256—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet the transferable ink pattern being obtained by means of a computer driven printer, e.g. an ink jet or laser printer, or by electrographic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/12—Transfer pictures or the like, e.g. decalcomanias
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
- B41M5/0047—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper by ink-jet printing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/0041—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper
- B41M5/0064—Digital printing on surfaces other than ordinary paper on plastics, horn, rubber, or other organic polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
- B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
- B44C1/17—Dry transfer
- B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
- B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
- B44C1/175—Transfer using solvent
- B44C1/1758—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
- B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
- B41M5/03—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
- B65C9/00—Details of labelling machines or apparatus
- B65C9/0015—Preparing the labels or articles, e.g. smoothing, removing air bubbles
- B65C2009/0018—Preparing the labels
- B65C2009/0021—Preparing the labels for temporary attachment to transfer means or to the article
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods of applying labels to substrates. More specifically, in some embodiments, the present invention relates to the application methods of a faceless label to substrates of various shapes and sizes without the use of a paper or other material backing.
- labels are applied to containers or bottles to provide information such as the supplied or the contents of the container.
- Such containers and bottles are available in a wide variety of shapes and sizes for holding many different types of materials, including detergents, chemicals, personal care products, motor oils, beverages, and others.
- EP 0 899 130 A2 describes a method of manufacturing a dry transfer which comprises printing at least one indicium onto a flexible carrier sheet so that the indicium is transferable to a substrate by manipulation of the carrier sheet, coating the exposed surface of the indicium with a pressure-sensitive adhesive and applying to the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the region of the indicium an adhesive tack-reducing substance.
- EP 0 976 580 A1 discloses a method of applying a transfer label to a container, wherein the transfer label comprises a carrier portion having a substrate and a release layer overlying the substrate, and a transfer portion printed on the release layer, comprising an ink layer and on top of the ink layer an adhesive layer.
- US 7 588 812 B1 relates to a method of labeling an article comprising the steps of providing a heat transfer label, applying to a support portion heat of a temperature substantially between 200 and 500 degrees Fahrenheit for less than one minute, providing an article to be labeled, placing, upon applying the heat, the transfer portion of the heat transfer label in contact with the article, transferring the transfer portion from the support portion to the article, and cooling the transferred transfer portion to room temperature.
- US 2013/224445 A1 discloses a method of printing on ceramic, glass-ceramic and glass, and more particularly for printing inkjet images to complex contoured surfaces of glass and ceramic items such as dishware.
- FR 2 093 543 A discloses a method for producing a transfer picture.
- US 5 824 395 A describes a method of transferring a graphic image from a transfer having a paper backing, a release layer, and a discontinuous layer.
- DE 10 2012 105 854 A1 discloses a method and a device for providing a substrate with an imprint.
- Embodiments of the present invention include methods for the application of labels onto substrates of various shapes and sizes. Common to the embodiments of the invention is the absence of a paper or other material backing associated with the label and its application to the substrates. In the embodiments of the present invention, due to the absence of such non-transferable component normally associated with a label, there is a reduction in the amount of waste associated with the application processes. In addition, utilizing the methods of the present invention, the application of labels to substrates of various sizes and shapes, including three-dimensional substrates, may be completed more effectively as the components of the present invention may contour to the dimensions of substrate, as more fully discussed below.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a general example, as a label may be applied to a desired substrate without the use of a backing material.
- the general example utilizes a transfer mechanism that the components of the label are first applied to and then is used to transfer those components onto the desired substrate.
- a transfer mechanism 101 is deposited (Step 111) with an ink layer 102 and then a binding layer 103 is deposited (Step 112) on top of ink layer 102.
- Ink layer 102 and/or binding layer 103 are then dried and/or cured (Step 113) while attached to transfer mechanism 101, and ink layer 102 and binding layer 103 are then applied (Step 114) to a substrate 104 as the adhesive of binding layer 103 makes contact with substrate 104. Transfer mechanism 101 is then returned to its starting position such that the process may be repeated (Step 115).
- transfer mechanism 101 is utilized to house the components of the label (i.e., the ink layer and binding layer and possible other components, as discussed further below) prior to the components' application to the particular substrate.
- the transfer mechanism may be utilized again and again thereby reducing the amount of waste typically associated with such methods.
- transfer mechanism 101 comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed.
- transfer mechanism 101 may be a diaphragm constructed on a moving conveyer belt or in a sheet feed system to aid in the process of the application of the necessary label components onto the substrate and then to repeat to process.
- the conveyer belt may be continuously moving or may utilize a batch-movement process, or a semi-batch movement process, depending on the specifications of the user.
- Transfer mechanism 101 may be constructed of any material or materials that allow for the various label components to be transferred on and off transfer mechanism 101 and allow for transfer mechanism 101 to maintain its shape during the application of the label components but further allow flexibility to conform to the shape of the substrate.
- a diaphragm is used for the construction of transfer mechanism 101, it may include a textured or matte surface to increase the ease of releasibility of the label components to the substrate.
- suitable materials for the construction of the belt that provide enhanced release qualities as well as the desired flexibility may include silicone, fluorinated polymers, or low surface energy polymers including polyamide, Teflon®, polyolefin, and others.
- Such materials may be utilized to construct the entirety of the diaphragm or may serve as coatings on the diaphragm depending on the user's specifications.
- suitable silicone coated release materials include, D2 CL PET 7300A/7350A, Grade 27320 and 2SLKN and 5.0 MT PET 4400/4400 Grade 26967 from Loparex LLC in Iowa City, IA.
- suitable polymer examples include, acrylic-based coatings, such as R130W from Mayzo, Inc. in Suwanee, GA and polypropylene based coatings, such as HFM sheets from Avery Dennison NTP in Pasadena, CA.
- the surface energy of transfer mechanism 101 on the side that makes contact with the label components may be between about 20 mN/m and about 40 mN/m.
- additional items including corona treatment or flame treatment, may be added to transfer mechanism 101 to ensure the proper surface energy.
- Ink layer 102 utilized in the methods may include ink or graphics, and may be a mono-colored or multi-colored ink layer depending on the printed message and/or the intended pictorial design.
- Such designs for use in connection with the present methods include serial numbers, bar codes, trademarks, etc.
- the present methods may utilize a variety of commercially available inks for use in ink layer 102 including UV-curable, latex, water-based, nonpolar, solvent-based, pigments, dyes, solvent-based with polar functionality, Eco-solvent, hot-solvent, solventless, 100% solid and others.
- inks include Sun Sheen® (a product of Sun Chemical, Inc. of Santa Fe Springs, CA identified as an alcohol dilutable polyamide ink), Suntex MP (a product of Sun Chemical, Inc. identified as a solvent-based ink formulated for surface printing acrylic coated substrates, PVDC coated substrates and polyolefin films), X-Cel (a product of Water Ink Technologies, Inc.
- Ink layer 102 may range from about 0.5 to about 10 ⁇ m. Further, the thickness of ink layer 102 may range from about 1 to about 5 ⁇ m, and, furthermore, the thickness of ink layer 102 may be about 3 ⁇ m.
- ink layer 102 to transfer mechanism 101 may be accomplished by various methods known in the art, including inkjet printing, screen printing, or coating.
- the ink layer may be deposited through raster graphics or bitmap imaging, which is sometimes referred to in the printing and prepress industries as contone or contone printing.
- a thermal inkjet printer or piezo inkjet printer may be utilized to apply ink layer 102 to transfer mechanism 101.
- the ink of ink layer 102 utilized in the method should be of a suitable viscosity when passing through the printhead of such printers to ensure an accurate and durable image.
- thermal inks may include a viscosity of between about 3 and about 5 mPa/s at 25 °C
- piezo ink jet fluids may include a viscosity in the range of about 1 to about 30 mPa/s at 25 °C.
- Binding layer 103 may be constructed of inkjettable adhesives to meet the demands of the method utilized.
- binding layer 103 may be constructed of monomers, including those of acrylic, epoxy, silicone, vinyl, and olefinic based chemistries. Oligomers or short chain polymers may be utilized in connection with binding layer 103. Short chain polymers that may be beneficial in connection with binding layer 103 refers to polymers where number average molecular weight (Mn) is less than the entanglement molecular weight (Me) for the respective monomeric systems.
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Me entanglement molecular weight
- the materials utilized as binding layer 103 may include a viscosity range between about 5 to about 50 mPa ⁇ s.
- inkjettable adhesives are utilized in connection with binding layer 103
- such adhesives may be prepared using any known methods in the art including, emulsion, solvent or solvent-less polymerization techniques, where such inkjettable adhesives may be processed using a solvent, water or a heated nozzle.
- the user's specifications may dictate the necessary methods utilized for such preparation and processing.
- the inkjettable adhesives utilized in connection with binding layer 103 may be based on a two-component adhesive system where a first component is jetted through a first nozzle and a crosslinking or curing agent (second component) is jetted through a second nozzle onto the first component.
- first and second component pairs include epoxy oligomers & resins and amine oligomers; epoxy oligomers & resins and acid catalysts; epoxy oligomers and basic catalysts; and oligomers with isocyante functional groups and alchohols, catalysts, or moisture.
- one component of the two components may be coated/printed/fabricated onto the desired surface/media using additional non-jettable technique, including gravure printing, screen printing, casting, spin coating, die-coating etc. Further, in a method that utilizes the two component adhesive, one of the two components may be situated in ink layer 102 to provide the same effect.
- PSA pressure sensitive adhesives
- PSAs are a class of adhesives characterized by low Tg and may be applied to a given surface at room temperature with the application of a small amount of pressure.
- Pressure sensitive adhesives are tacky at room temperature and are known to adhere to a wide variety of high and low energy surfaces.
- Suitable PSAs that may be used in connection with binding layer 103 include monomers, for example, 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate, Butyl acrylate that are copolymerized with certain polar monomers including acrylic acid, N-vinyl pyrrolidone or 2- Hydroxy ethyl acrylate.
- the polymer may then be further crosslinked using known crosslinkers and an energy source to yield a desired balance of tack and shear properties.
- the molecular weight of the polymer utilized may be in excess of ten times the entanglement molecular weight to allow sufficient chain interactions that allow for proper viscoelastic properties of such polymers.
- Oligomers or short chain polymers that may be used in connection with a PSA may be assembled into a polymer of sufficiently high molecular weight using a self assembly process. Such process may be completed by attaching hydrogen bonding moieties to the oligomeric chains. Suitable hydrogen bonding moieties include vinyl pyrrolidone and acrylic acid, amine functionalized chains and acrylic acid, and other hydrogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors. Further, hydrogen bonding solvents such as methanol, ethanol or tetrahydrofuran may be utilized.
- a desired two or more component adhesive could also be realized by incorporating one of the components onto the surface or media to be printed (jetted) on.
- an acid activated system can be achieved either by incorporating the acid sensitive polymer in the media and catalyst in the jettable pack or vice-a-versa to have the same end-effect.
- media and surfaces may include glass, paper, PET, PE, Aluminum etc.
- one component of the two component system may be coated/printed/fabricated onto the desired surface/media using additional non-jettable technique. Examples of such techniques would include gravure printing, screen printing, casting, spin coating, die-coating etc.
- the adhesives utilized in binding layer 103 may include additives to provide enhanced properties.
- additives comprising wetting agents, surfactants, inorganic fillers, colorants, viscosity modifiers, optical brighteners and/or others may be added. The user's specifications will dictate the necessary components utilized.
- the present method utilizes a drying and/or curing step for the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer. Any such methods known in the art may be utilized to complete the drying and/or curing step depending on the particular materials utilized for ink layer 102 and binding layer 103. For example, if the ink utilized for ink layer 102 is UV-curable, then a UV curing process would be utilized in the curing step. If both drying and curing is utilized, drying through heating may be completed first and then curing may be completed through any known curing process, including heating or radiation (IR/UV), where such radiation curing may involve using a free radical photoinitiator, photo-acid based photcatalytic or a combination curing pack.
- IR/UV heating or radiation
- FIGS 3 and 4 illustrate an example of the first aspect of the present invention, where a printable release layer is utilized.
- the printable release layer may act as a release or a protective layer as more fully explained below.
- transfer mechanism 501 is deposited (Step 511) with a printable release layer 502, which acts to aid in the release of the other label components from transfer mechanism 501.
- an ink layer 503 is deposited (Step 512) onto printable release layer 502.
- a binding layer 504 is then applied (Step 513) to ink layer 503.
- the layers 502, 503, and 504 may then be dried and/or cured (Step 514) as necessary, as long as curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer is performed. Following curing, ink layer 503 and binding layer 504 are then transferred (Step 515) to substrate 505, while printable release layer 502 remains on transfer mechanism 501 as it provides qualities to release layers 503 and 504.
- transfer mechanism 501 may be cleaned (Step 516) with a suitable material as discussed below. Following the cleaning of transfer mechanism 501, the process may be repeated (Step 517).
- an initial deposit of printable release layer 502 may only be necessary at the outset, whereas in other embodiments, printable release layer 502 may be applied each time.
- Transfer mechanism 501, ink layer 503, and binding layer 504, of the first aspect may be the same as those described above with respect to the general example.
- printable release layer 502 of the first aspect acts as a release material to aid in the transfer of ink layer 503 and binding layer 504 from transfer mechanism 501 to substrate 505.
- printable release layer 502 may be constructed of materials that provide such releasability, similar to those described with respect to transfer mechanism 101 in the general example.
- a printable release layer When a printable release layer is present, it may have a single layer or a multilayered structure.
- the thickness of the printable release layer may be in the range of about 12.5 to about 125 ⁇ m, and in one embodiment from about 25 to about 75 ⁇ m. Examples of printable release layers that may be used in connection with the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,106,982 .
- Printable release layer 502 may comprise polyolefins, thermoplastic polymers of ethylene and propylene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, epoxy, vinyl acetate homopolymers, co- or terpolymers, ionomers, antioxidants, inorganic colloidal silica or alumina binder, and mixtures thereof.
- the surface energy of printable release layer that makes contact with ink layer 503 may be between about 20 mN/m and about 35 mN/m.
- additional items including corona treatment or flame treatment, may be added to printable release layer 502 to ensure the proper surface energy.
- transfer mechanism 501 is cleaned. Such cleaning process may remove excess ink and/or adhesive that remains on transfer mechanism 501 following the transfer to the substrate. The cleaning process may be necessary to ensure that a new print layer that is deposited during the present method is not affected by components that may still be on transfer mechanism 501, thereby altering the aesthetic or functional qualities of ink layer 503. Any known method for cleaning transfer mechanism 501 may be utilized, for example, an adhesive plate may be used to make contact with transfer mechanism 501 and remove any undesired remaining components.
- FIGS 5 and 6 illustrate an example of the second aspect of the present invention.
- printable release layer 702 may be released from transfer mechanism 701 and onto the desired substrate 705 to provide a protective barrier to the ink and adhesive.
- transfer mechanism is deposited (Step 711) with printable release layer 702.
- ink layer 703 is deposited (Step 712) onto printable release layer 702.
- binding layer 704 is deposited (Step 713) onto ink layer 703, where the layers 702, 703, and 704 may be dried and/or cured (Step 714) depending on the particular items utilized, as long as curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer is performed.
- layers 702, 703, and 704 are applied (Step 715) to the substrate 705, and then the process may be repeated (Step 716).
- the second aspect allows for the cleaning step of the above-described embodiment to be omitted. Such reduction in method steps likely reduces the costs of production of labels for application to substrates.
- printable release layer 702 may provide desirable properties to the other label components before and after the label components are affixed to a substrate.
- the presence of a transparent printable release layer over the ink layer 703 may, in some embodiments provide additional properties such as antistatic properties stiffness and/or weatherability, and printable release layer 702 may protect ink layer 703 from, e.g., weather, sun, abrasion, moisture, water, etc.
- printable release layer 702 may enhance the properties of the underlying ink layer 703 to provide a glossier and richer image.
- Printable release layer 702 may also be designed to be abrasion resistant, radiation resistant (e.g, UV), chemically resistant and/or thermally resistant thereby protecting the label components and, particularly ink layer 703 from degradation from such causes.
- Printable release layer 702 may also contain antistatic agents, or anti-block agents to provide for easier handling when the labels are being applied to containers at high speeds.
- UV light absorbers may further contain UV light absorbers and/or other light stabilizers.
- UV light absorbers that may be useful are the hindered amine absorbers available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. of Basel, Switzerland under the trade designations Tinuvin® 111, Tinuvin® 123, (bis-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate; Tinuvin® 622, (a dimethyl succinate polymer with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidniethanol); Tinuvin® 770 (bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)-sebacate); and Tinuvin® 783.
- Additional light stabilizers include the hindered amine light stabilizers available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. under the trade designation "Chemassorb”, especially Chemassorb 119 and Chemassorb 944.
- the concentration of the UV light absorber and/or light stabilizer is in the range of up to about 2.5% by weight, and in one embodiment about 0.05% to about 1% by weight.
- printable release layer 702 may also contain an antioxidant. Any antioxidant useful in making thermoplastic films may be used. These include the hindered phenols and the organo phosphites. Examples include those available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. under the trade designations Irganox® 1010, Irganox® 1076 or Irgafos® 168. The concentration of the antioxidant in the thermoplastic film composition may be in the range of up to about 2.5% by weight, and in one embodiment about 0.05% to about 1% by weight.
- the invention utilizes a flood technique that allows for the addition of an excess of a printable release layer 902 onto a transfer mechanism 901.
- transfer mechanism 901 is deposited (Step 911) with a printable release layer 902.
- printable release layer 902 provides an amount of printable release layer material to sufficiently cover transfer mechanism.
- ink layer 903 is deposited (Step 912) onto printable release layer 902.
- binding layer 904 is deposited (Step 913) onto ink layer 903.
- an ink layer and a binding layer may not completely cover a printable release layer.
- this may be done to ensure that an ink layer and a binding layer are sufficiently covered when the label is transferred to a substrate.
- a printable release layer is only applied to a portion of transfer mechanism, it may not sufficiently transfer to a substrate, thereby leaving the label with less than ideal protective qualities as desired.
- the layers may be dried and/or cured (Step 914) as necessary, as long as curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer is performed.
- the layers 903, and 904, and at least a portion of layer 902 are transferred (Step 915) to substrate 905.
- transfer mechanism 901 may be cleaned (Step 916) prior to the repeat of the process (Step 917).
- the fourth aspect utilizes a liquid soluble transfer sheet that may be dissolved by water or a solvent.
- a transfer sheet which may be picked up from a stack of such sheets, ink layer and binding layer are deposited onto the surface of the transfer sheet, ink layer and binding layer may be optionally cured, and ink layer and binding layer may be transferred to the substrates.
- the transfer sheet may be made of water soluble or solvent soluble materials. Upon finishing of the transfer process, the transfer sheet may be washed away by the dissolving solvent or water.
- the transfer sheet may be transferred with the ink layer and binding layer onto the substrate before being washed away, or the transfer sheet may stay behind on a transport mechanism, such as a belt or diaphragm.
- Water soluble materials suitable for use as the transfer sheet include rice paper, polyvinyl alcohol (PVAc), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), starch and its derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives such as cellulose ethers, ethylcellulose polymers and other soluble materials.
- a transfer sheet may be transferred to meet with a substrate on a moving belt.
- the moving belt may be constructed of a diaphragm with a plurality of orifices where heat may exit to aid in the washing process.
- the moving belt may be constructed of a diaphragm without orifices, but that can be heated and wetted by known methods to also aid in the washing process.
- the ink layer and the binding layer may be formulated into one single layer.
- This formulation may contain colorants and also adhesive components.
- the ink and binding layer are first deposited onto the transfer mechanism, the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer are cured and/or dried through heating before applying the transfer sheet to the substrate, and then applied to a substrate to be labeled.
- the components of the various ink layers, binding layers and printable release layers described above may be combined into a single layer. In such a case, the combination of all materials together may limit the amount of stages necessary for the creation of the labels.
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Description
- The present invention relates to methods of applying labels to substrates. More specifically, in some embodiments, the present invention relates to the application methods of a faceless label to substrates of various shapes and sizes without the use of a paper or other material backing.
- Currently, labels are applied to containers or bottles to provide information such as the supplied or the contents of the container. Such containers and bottles are available in a wide variety of shapes and sizes for holding many different types of materials, including detergents, chemicals, personal care products, motor oils, beverages, and others.
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EP 0 899 130 A2 describes a method of manufacturing a dry transfer which comprises printing at least one indicium onto a flexible carrier sheet so that the indicium is transferable to a substrate by manipulation of the carrier sheet, coating the exposed surface of the indicium with a pressure-sensitive adhesive and applying to the exposed surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the region of the indicium an adhesive tack-reducing substance. -
EP 0 976 580 A1 discloses a method of applying a transfer label to a container, wherein the transfer label comprises a carrier portion having a substrate and a release layer overlying the substrate, and a transfer portion printed on the release layer, comprising an ink layer and on top of the ink layer an adhesive layer. -
US 7 588 812 B1 relates to a method of labeling an article comprising the steps of providing a heat transfer label, applying to a support portion heat of a temperature substantially between 200 and 500 degrees Fahrenheit for less than one minute, providing an article to be labeled, placing, upon applying the heat, the transfer portion of the heat transfer label in contact with the article, transferring the transfer portion from the support portion to the article, and cooling the transferred transfer portion to room temperature. -
US 2013/224445 A1 discloses a method of printing on ceramic, glass-ceramic and glass, and more particularly for printing inkjet images to complex contoured surfaces of glass and ceramic items such as dishware. -
FR 2 093 543 A -
US 5 824 395 A describes a method of transferring a graphic image from a transfer having a paper backing, a release layer, and a discontinuous layer. -
DE 10 2012 105 854 A1 discloses a method and a device for providing a substrate with an imprint. - The present invention and embodiments thereof are defined in the claims.
- The accompanying drawing, which is incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrates one or more embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serves to explain the principles of the invention.
- A full and enabling disclosure of the present invention, including the best mode thereof directed to one of ordinary skill in the art, is set forth in the specification, which makes reference to the appended drawing, in which:
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Figure 1 is a pictorial representation of a general example of a method; -
Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the method ofFigure 1 ; -
Figure 3 is a pictorial representation of an example of a method in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention; -
Figure 4 is a graphical representation of the method ofFigure 3 ; -
Figure 5 is a pictorial representation of an example of a method in accordance with the second aspect of the present invention; -
Figure 6 is a graphical representation of the method ofFigure 5 ; -
Figure 7 is a pictorial representation of an example of a method in accordance with the third aspect of the present invention; -
Figure 8 is a graphical representation of the method ofFigure 7 ; - Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent same or analogous features or elements of the invention.
- Embodiments of the present invention include methods for the application of labels onto substrates of various shapes and sizes. Common to the embodiments of the invention is the absence of a paper or other material backing associated with the label and its application to the substrates. In the embodiments of the present invention, due to the absence of such non-transferable component normally associated with a label, there is a reduction in the amount of waste associated with the application processes. In addition, utilizing the methods of the present invention, the application of labels to substrates of various sizes and shapes, including three-dimensional substrates, may be completed more effectively as the components of the present invention may contour to the dimensions of substrate, as more fully discussed below.
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Figures 1 and2 illustrate a general example, as a label may be applied to a desired substrate without the use of a backing material. As common with the first through third aspects described, the general example utilizes a transfer mechanism that the components of the label are first applied to and then is used to transfer those components onto the desired substrate. As shown inFigures 1 and2 , atransfer mechanism 101 is deposited (Step 111) with anink layer 102 and then abinding layer 103 is deposited (Step 112) on top ofink layer 102.Ink layer 102 and/or bindinglayer 103 are then dried and/or cured (Step 113) while attached totransfer mechanism 101, andink layer 102 and bindinglayer 103 are then applied (Step 114) to asubstrate 104 as the adhesive of bindinglayer 103 makes contact withsubstrate 104.Transfer mechanism 101 is then returned to its starting position such that the process may be repeated (Step 115). - As indicated above,
transfer mechanism 101 is utilized to house the components of the label (i.e., the ink layer and binding layer and possible other components, as discussed further below) prior to the components' application to the particular substrate. Advantageously, the transfer mechanism may be utilized again and again thereby reducing the amount of waste typically associated with such methods. - The transfer mechanism used comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed. To meet the requirements of such methods,
transfer mechanism 101 may be a diaphragm constructed on a moving conveyer belt or in a sheet feed system to aid in the process of the application of the necessary label components onto the substrate and then to repeat to process. The conveyer belt may be continuously moving or may utilize a batch-movement process, or a semi-batch movement process, depending on the specifications of the user. -
Transfer mechanism 101 may be constructed of any material or materials that allow for the various label components to be transferred on and offtransfer mechanism 101 and allow fortransfer mechanism 101 to maintain its shape during the application of the label components but further allow flexibility to conform to the shape of the substrate. For example, if a diaphragm is used for the construction oftransfer mechanism 101, it may include a textured or matte surface to increase the ease of releasibility of the label components to the substrate. In addition, where a diaphragm is utilized, suitable materials for the construction of the belt that provide enhanced release qualities as well as the desired flexibility may include silicone, fluorinated polymers, or low surface energy polymers including polyamide, Teflon®, polyolefin, and others. Such materials may be utilized to construct the entirety of the diaphragm or may serve as coatings on the diaphragm depending on the user's specifications. Examples of suitable silicone coated release materials include, D2 CL PET 7300A/7350A, Grade 27320 and 2SLKN and 5.0 MT PET 4400/4400 Grade 26967 from Loparex LLC in Iowa City, IA. In addition, suitable polymer examples include, acrylic-based coatings, such as R130W from Mayzo, Inc. in Suwanee, GA and polypropylene based coatings, such as HFM sheets from Avery Dennison NTP in Pasadena, CA. - To ensure the proper releasablity of the label components from
transfer mechanism 101, the surface energy oftransfer mechanism 101 on the side that makes contact with the label components may be between about 20 mN/m and about 40 mN/m. In some examples, including those where silicone is utilized in the construction oftransfer mechanism 101, additional items, including corona treatment or flame treatment, may be added totransfer mechanism 101 to ensure the proper surface energy. -
Ink layer 102 utilized in the methods may include ink or graphics, and may be a mono-colored or multi-colored ink layer depending on the printed message and/or the intended pictorial design. Such designs for use in connection with the present methods include serial numbers, bar codes, trademarks, etc. - The present methods may utilize a variety of commercially available inks for use in
ink layer 102 including UV-curable, latex, water-based, nonpolar, solvent-based, pigments, dyes, solvent-based with polar functionality, Eco-solvent, hot-solvent, solventless, 100% solid and others. Examples of these inks include Sun Sheen® (a product of Sun Chemical, Inc. of Santa Fe Springs, CA identified as an alcohol dilutable polyamide ink), Suntex MP (a product of Sun Chemical, Inc. identified as a solvent-based ink formulated for surface printing acrylic coated substrates, PVDC coated substrates and polyolefin films), X-Cel (a product of Water Ink Technologies, Inc. of Lincolnton, NC identified as a water-based film ink for printing film substrates), Uvilith AR-109 Rubine Red (a product of Daw Ink, Inc. of Commerce, CA identified as a UV ink) and CLA91598F (a product of Sun Chemical, Inc. identified as a multibond black solvent-based ink). -
Ink layer 102 may range from about 0.5 to about 10 µm. Further, the thickness ofink layer 102 may range from about 1 to about 5 µm, and, furthermore, the thickness ofink layer 102 may be about 3 µm. - The application of
ink layer 102 totransfer mechanism 101 may be accomplished by various methods known in the art, including inkjet printing, screen printing, or coating. The ink layer may be deposited through raster graphics or bitmap imaging, which is sometimes referred to in the printing and prepress industries as contone or contone printing. Where inkjet printing is used, a thermal inkjet printer or piezo inkjet printer may be utilized to applyink layer 102 totransfer mechanism 101. In such a case, the ink ofink layer 102 utilized in the method should be of a suitable viscosity when passing through the printhead of such printers to ensure an accurate and durable image. For example, thermal inks may include a viscosity of between about 3 and about 5 mPa/s at 25 °C, while piezo ink jet fluids may include a viscosity in the range of about 1 to about 30 mPa/s at 25 °C. -
Binding layer 103 may be constructed of inkjettable adhesives to meet the demands of the method utilized. For example,binding layer 103 may be constructed of monomers, including those of acrylic, epoxy, silicone, vinyl, and olefinic based chemistries. Oligomers or short chain polymers may be utilized in connection with bindinglayer 103. Short chain polymers that may be beneficial in connection with bindinglayer 103 refers to polymers where number average molecular weight (Mn) is less than the entanglement molecular weight (Me) for the respective monomeric systems. In addition, to allow such materials to consistently jet through an inkjet nozzle, the materials utilized as bindinglayer 103 may include a viscosity range between about 5 to about 50 mPa·s. - Where inkjettable adhesives are utilized in connection with binding
layer 103, such adhesives may be prepared using any known methods in the art including, emulsion, solvent or solvent-less polymerization techniques, where such inkjettable adhesives may be processed using a solvent, water or a heated nozzle. The user's specifications may dictate the necessary methods utilized for such preparation and processing. - The inkjettable adhesives utilized in connection with
binding layer 103 may be based on a two-component adhesive system where a first component is jetted through a first nozzle and a crosslinking or curing agent (second component) is jetted through a second nozzle onto the first component. In such a case, the viscosity of both components may be maintained at a level to ensure adequate room temperature mixing through diffusion. Suitable first and second component pairs include epoxy oligomers & resins and amine oligomers; epoxy oligomers & resins and acid catalysts; epoxy oligomers and basic catalysts; and oligomers with isocyante functional groups and alchohols, catalysts, or moisture. - In addition, in a method utilizing the two component adhesive, one component of the two components may be coated/printed/fabricated onto the desired surface/media using additional non-jettable technique, including gravure printing, screen printing, casting, spin coating, die-coating etc. Further, in a method that utilizes the two component adhesive, one of the two components may be situated in
ink layer 102 to provide the same effect. - In addition to those adhesives mentioned above, pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) may be utilized in connection with
binding layer 103. PSAs are a class of adhesives characterized by low Tg and may be applied to a given surface at room temperature with the application of a small amount of pressure. Pressure sensitive adhesives are tacky at room temperature and are known to adhere to a wide variety of high and low energy surfaces. - Suitable PSAs that may be used in connection with
binding layer 103 include monomers, for example, 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate, Butyl acrylate that are copolymerized with certain polar monomers including acrylic acid, N-vinyl pyrrolidone or 2- Hydroxy ethyl acrylate. The polymer may then be further crosslinked using known crosslinkers and an energy source to yield a desired balance of tack and shear properties. - The molecular weight of the polymer utilized may be in excess of ten times the entanglement molecular weight to allow sufficient chain interactions that allow for proper viscoelastic properties of such polymers. Oligomers or short chain polymers that may be used in connection with a PSA may be assembled into a polymer of sufficiently high molecular weight using a self assembly process. Such process may be completed by attaching hydrogen bonding moieties to the oligomeric chains. Suitable hydrogen bonding moieties include vinyl pyrrolidone and acrylic acid, amine functionalized chains and acrylic acid, and other hydrogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors. Further, hydrogen bonding solvents such as methanol, ethanol or tetrahydrofuran may be utilized. In addition, the combination when processed at a temperature above 75°C, such hydrogen bonds will cease to exist leading to a lower viscosity and once jetted, the chains will assemble into a higher molecular weight polymer, suitable for use in the method, due to the aid of hydrogen bonding.
- As described prior, a desired two or more component adhesive could also be realized by incorporating one of the components onto the surface or media to be printed (jetted) on. As an example, an acid activated system can be achieved either by incorporating the acid sensitive polymer in the media and catalyst in the jettable pack or vice-a-versa to have the same end-effect. Examples of media and surfaces may include glass, paper, PET, PE, Aluminum etc. Additionally, one component of the two component system may be coated/printed/fabricated onto the desired surface/media using additional non-jettable technique. Examples of such techniques would include gravure printing, screen printing, casting, spin coating, die-coating etc.
- The adhesives utilized in
binding layer 103 may include additives to provide enhanced properties. For example, additives comprising wetting agents, surfactants, inorganic fillers, colorants, viscosity modifiers, optical brighteners and/or others may be added. The user's specifications will dictate the necessary components utilized. - As discussed above, the present method utilizes a drying and/or curing step for the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer. Any such methods known in the art may be utilized to complete the drying and/or curing step depending on the particular materials utilized for
ink layer 102 andbinding layer 103. For example, if the ink utilized forink layer 102 is UV-curable, then a UV curing process would be utilized in the curing step. If both drying and curing is utilized, drying through heating may be completed first and then curing may be completed through any known curing process, including heating or radiation (IR/UV), where such radiation curing may involve using a free radical photoinitiator, photo-acid based photcatalytic or a combination curing pack. -
Figures 3 and4 illustrate an example of the first aspect of the present invention, where a printable release layer is utilized. The printable release layer, depending on the embodiment, may act as a release or a protective layer as more fully explained below. In the first aspect of the present invention,transfer mechanism 501 is deposited (Step 511) with aprintable release layer 502, which acts to aid in the release of the other label components fromtransfer mechanism 501. Following the addition ofprintable release layer 502, anink layer 503 is deposited (Step 512) ontoprintable release layer 502. Abinding layer 504 is then applied (Step 513) toink layer 503. Thelayers ink layer 503 andbinding layer 504 are then transferred (Step 515) tosubstrate 505, whileprintable release layer 502 remains ontransfer mechanism 501 as it provides qualities to releaselayers transfer mechanism 501 may be cleaned (Step 516) with a suitable material as discussed below. Following the cleaning oftransfer mechanism 501, the process may be repeated (Step 517). In such embodiments of the present invention, depending on the particular item utilized asprintable release layer 502, an initial deposit ofprintable release layer 502 may only be necessary at the outset, whereas in other embodiments,printable release layer 502 may be applied each time. -
Transfer mechanism 501,ink layer 503, andbinding layer 504, of the first aspect may be the same as those described above with respect to the general example. - As indicated above,
printable release layer 502 of the first aspect acts as a release material to aid in the transfer ofink layer 503 andbinding layer 504 fromtransfer mechanism 501 tosubstrate 505. Accordingly,printable release layer 502 may be constructed of materials that provide such releasability, similar to those described with respect to transfermechanism 101 in the general example. - When a printable release layer is present, it may have a single layer or a multilayered structure. The thickness of the printable release layer may be in the range of about 12.5 to about 125 µm, and in one embodiment from about 25 to about 75 µm. Examples of printable release layers that may be used in connection with the present invention are described in
U.S. Pat. No. 6,106,982 . -
Printable release layer 502 may comprise polyolefins, thermoplastic polymers of ethylene and propylene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, epoxy, vinyl acetate homopolymers, co- or terpolymers, ionomers, antioxidants, inorganic colloidal silica or alumina binder, and mixtures thereof. To ensure the proper releasablity ofink layer 503 andbinding layer 504 fromprintable release layer 502, the surface energy of printable release layer that makes contact withink layer 503 may be between about 20 mN/m and about 35 mN/m. In some embodiments, including those where silicone is utilized in the construction ofprintable release layer 502, additional items, including corona treatment or flame treatment, may be added toprintable release layer 502 to ensure the proper surface energy. - As indicated above, following the transfer of
ink layer 503 andbinding layer 504 ontosubstrate 505,transfer mechanism 501 is cleaned. Such cleaning process may remove excess ink and/or adhesive that remains ontransfer mechanism 501 following the transfer to the substrate. The cleaning process may be necessary to ensure that a new print layer that is deposited during the present method is not affected by components that may still be ontransfer mechanism 501, thereby altering the aesthetic or functional qualities ofink layer 503. Any known method for cleaningtransfer mechanism 501 may be utilized, for example, an adhesive plate may be used to make contact withtransfer mechanism 501 and remove any undesired remaining components. -
Figures 5 and6 illustrate an example of the second aspect of the present invention. In the second aspect,printable release layer 702 may be released fromtransfer mechanism 701 and onto the desiredsubstrate 705 to provide a protective barrier to the ink and adhesive. During the application process, transfer mechanism is deposited (Step 711) withprintable release layer 702. Following the application ofprintable release layer 702,ink layer 703 is deposited (Step 712) ontoprintable release layer 702. Then, bindinglayer 704 is deposited (Step 713) ontoink layer 703, where thelayers layers substrate 705, and then the process may be repeated (Step 716). The second aspect allows for the cleaning step of the above-described embodiment to be omitted. Such reduction in method steps likely reduces the costs of production of labels for application to substrates. - As indicated above,
printable release layer 702 may provide desirable properties to the other label components before and after the label components are affixed to a substrate. The presence of a transparent printable release layer over theink layer 703 may, in some embodiments provide additional properties such as antistatic properties stiffness and/or weatherability, andprintable release layer 702 may protectink layer 703 from, e.g., weather, sun, abrasion, moisture, water, etc.Printable release layer 702 may enhance the properties of theunderlying ink layer 703 to provide a glossier and richer image.Printable release layer 702 may also be designed to be abrasion resistant, radiation resistant (e.g, UV), chemically resistant and/or thermally resistant thereby protecting the label components and, particularlyink layer 703 from degradation from such causes.Printable release layer 702 may also contain antistatic agents, or anti-block agents to provide for easier handling when the labels are being applied to containers at high speeds. -
Printable release layer 702 may further contain UV light absorbers and/or other light stabilizers. Among the UV light absorbers that may be useful are the hindered amine absorbers available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. of Basel, Switzerland under the tradedesignations Tinuvin® 111, Tinuvin® 123, (bis-(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate; Tinuvin® 622, (a dimethyl succinate polymer with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidniethanol); Tinuvin® 770 (bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)-sebacate); and Tinuvin® 783. Additional light stabilizers include the hindered amine light stabilizers available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. under the trade designation "Chemassorb", especially Chemassorb 119 and Chemassorb 944. The concentration of the UV light absorber and/or light stabilizer is in the range of up to about 2.5% by weight, and in one embodiment about 0.05% to about 1% by weight. - In some embodiments,
printable release layer 702 may also contain an antioxidant. Any antioxidant useful in making thermoplastic films may be used. These include the hindered phenols and the organo phosphites. Examples include those available from Ciba Specialty Chemical Co. under the trade designations Irganox® 1010, Irganox® 1076 or Irgafos® 168. The concentration of the antioxidant in the thermoplastic film composition may be in the range of up to about 2.5% by weight, and in one embodiment about 0.05% to about 1% by weight. - In the example of the third aspect illustrated in
Figures 7 and8 , the invention utilizes a flood technique that allows for the addition of an excess of aprintable release layer 902 onto atransfer mechanism 901. In the embodiment,transfer mechanism 901 is deposited (Step 911) with aprintable release layer 902. As indicated above,printable release layer 902 provides an amount of printable release layer material to sufficiently cover transfer mechanism. Following the addition ofprintable release layer 902,ink layer 903 is deposited (Step 912) ontoprintable release layer 902. In addition, bindinglayer 904 is deposited (Step 913) ontoink layer 903. In some embodiments, an ink layer and a binding layer may not completely cover a printable release layer. As indicated above, this may be done to ensure that an ink layer and a binding layer are sufficiently covered when the label is transferred to a substrate. In instances when a printable release layer is only applied to a portion of transfer mechanism, it may not sufficiently transfer to a substrate, thereby leaving the label with less than ideal protective qualities as desired. - Following the addition of
layers layers layer 902 are transferred (Step 915) tosubstrate 905. In addition, due to the remaining printable releaselayer following Step 915,transfer mechanism 901 may be cleaned (Step 916) prior to the repeat of the process (Step 917). - By way of further example, unlike the earlier described aspects, the fourth aspect utilizes a liquid soluble transfer sheet that may be dissolved by water or a solvent. For each transfer, a transfer sheet, which may be picked up from a stack of such sheets, ink layer and binding layer are deposited onto the surface of the transfer sheet, ink layer and binding layer may be optionally cured, and ink layer and binding layer may be transferred to the substrates. In one embodiment of the invention, the transfer sheet may be made of water soluble or solvent soluble materials. Upon finishing of the transfer process, the transfer sheet may be washed away by the dissolving solvent or water. The transfer sheet may be transferred with the ink layer and binding layer onto the substrate before being washed away, or the transfer sheet may stay behind on a transport mechanism, such as a belt or diaphragm. Water soluble materials suitable for use as the transfer sheet include rice paper, polyvinyl alcohol (PVAc), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), starch and its derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives such as cellulose ethers, ethylcellulose polymers and other soluble materials.
- In this exemplary fourth aspect, a transfer sheet may be transferred to meet with a substrate on a moving belt. Due to the washing process, the moving belt may be constructed of a diaphragm with a plurality of orifices where heat may exit to aid in the washing process. In other embodiments, the moving belt may be constructed of a diaphragm without orifices, but that can be heated and wetted by known methods to also aid in the washing process.
- In general, the ink layer and the binding layer may be formulated into one single layer. This formulation may contain colorants and also adhesive components. The ink and binding layer are first deposited onto the transfer mechanism, the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer are cured and/or dried through heating before applying the transfer sheet to the substrate, and then applied to a substrate to be labeled.
- In general, the components of the various ink layers, binding layers and printable release layers described above may be combined into a single layer. In such a case, the combination of all materials together may limit the amount of stages necessary for the creation of the labels.
Claims (16)
- A method for applying a label to a substrate (505), the method comprising:a. applying a printable release layer (502) to a transfer mechanism (501);b. applying an ink layer (503) to the printable release layer;c. applying a binding layer (504) to the ink layer; andd. contacting the binding layer to the substrate such that the binding layer and the ink layer are substantially removed from the transfer mechanism,
wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed, wherein the method further comprises the step of curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer between steps c and d, and wherein drying through heating is commenced before curing if both curing and drying through heating are performed, and
wherein the printable release layer preferably comprises a low surface energy material. - A method for applying a label to a substrate (705), the method comprising:a. applying a printable release layer (702) to a transfer mechanism (701);b. applying an ink layer (703) to the printable release layer;c. applying a binding layer (704) to the ink layer; andd. contacting the binding layer to the substrate such that the binding layer, the ink layer, and the printable release layer are substantially removed from the transfer mechanism,
wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed, wherein the method further comprises the step of curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer between steps c and d, and wherein drying through heating is commenced before curing if both curing and drying through heating are performed,
wherein the printable release layer preferably comprises polyolefins, thermoplastic polymers of ethylene and propylene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, epoxy, vinyl acetate homopolymers, co- or terpolymers, ionomers, antioxidants, inorganic colloidal silica or alumina binder, or mixtures thereof, and wherein the printable release layer preferably further comprises an UV light absorber and an antioxidant. - A method for applying a label to a substrate (905), the method comprising:a. applying a printable release layer (902) to a substantially all of a surface of a transfer mechanism (901);b. applying an ink layer (903) to at least a portion of the printable release layer;c. applying a binding layer (904) to the ink layer; andd. contacting the binding layer to the substrate such that the binding layer, the ink layer, and at least a portion of printable release layer are substantially removed from the transfer mechanism,
wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed, wherein the method further comprises the step of curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer between steps c and d, and wherein drying through heating is commenced before curing if both curing and drying through heating are performed, and
wherein the printable release layer preferably comprises polyolefins, thermoplastic polymers of ethylene and propylene, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, epoxy, vinyl acetate homopolymers, co- or terpolymers, ionomers, antioxidants, inorganic colloidal silica or alumina binder, or mixtures thereof. - A method for applying a label to a substrate, the method comprising:a. providing a transfer mechanism including a liquid soluble transfer sheet;b. applying an ink layer to the transfer mechanism;c. applying a binding layer to the ink layer;d. wetting the transfer sheet and applying it to the substrate to substantially conform to at least a portion of an outside surface of the substrate as the adhesive of the binding layer makes contact with the substrate;e. cleaning the liquid soluble transfer sheet, wherein the transfer sheet is washed away by dissolving solvent or water,
wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a moving conveyer belt or sheet feed, wherein the method further comprises the step of curing and/or drying through heating the ink layer, the binding layer, or both the ink layer and the binding layer before applying the transfer sheet to the substrate, and wherein drying through heating is commenced before curing if both curing and drying through heating are performed, and
wherein the sheet preferably comprises polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), rice paper, cellulose, gelatin, polyamide, or combinations thereof. - The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method further comprises repeating the steps with the same transfer mechanism.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism is continuously moving, batch moving, or semi-batch moving.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism stops between steps a and b.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a textured or matte surface.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a low surface energy material and/or a releasable substrate.
- The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a low surface energy coating.
- The method of claim 2, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a coating on the transfer mechanism.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism is flexible to contour to the dimensions of the substrate.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transfer mechanism comprises a surface energy between about 20 mN/m and about 40 mN/m.
- The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ink layer is applied to the transfer mechanism by raster graphics or bitmap imaging,
wherein the ink layer is preferably applied to the transfer mechanism by an inkjet printer, a thermal inkjet printer or piezo ink jet printer, and
wherein the ink layer preferably comprises ink selected from the group consisting of UV-curable, latex, water-based, nonpolar, solvent-based, pigments, dyes, solvent-based with polar functionality, Eco-solvent, hot-solvent, solventless, 100% solid and combinations thereof. - The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the binding layer comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive.
- The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the method further comprises cleaning the transfer mechanism after step d.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201461924891P | 2014-01-08 | 2014-01-08 | |
PCT/US2014/070296 WO2015105635A1 (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2014-12-15 | Methods for marking substrates |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3092130A1 EP3092130A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
EP3092130B1 true EP3092130B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP14825530.0A Active EP3092130B1 (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2014-12-15 | Methods for marking substrates |
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EP (1) | EP3092130B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102386041B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106029391B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014376250A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016015986A8 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2936203A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2016008944A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2016131876A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015105635A1 (en) |
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WO2017116669A1 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for applying a material onto articles using a transfer component that deflects on both sides |
US10486368B2 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2019-11-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for transferring material with adhesive onto articles with a difference in degree of curing between the material and adhesive |
WO2017116670A1 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for applying a material onto articles with a pre-distorted transfer component |
EP3696108A1 (en) | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for applying a material onto articles using a transfer component |
WO2021183350A1 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2021-09-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method and apparatus for applying a material onto articles using a transfer component |
Citations (3)
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FR2093543A5 (en) * | 1970-05-20 | 1972-01-28 | Ortega Garcia Joaquin | Transfer - with silicone paper protective layer |
US5824395A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1998-10-20 | Zemel; Richard S. | Method of transferring a graphic image from a transfer having a paper backing, a release layer, and a discontinuous layer |
DE102012105854A1 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-01-02 | Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg | Method and device for providing a substrate with an imprint and imprinted substrate |
Family Cites Families (9)
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GB9718238D0 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1997-11-05 | Trip Productions B V | Decalcamania having solvent-activated adhesive layers |
US6106982A (en) | 1998-05-11 | 2000-08-22 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Imaged receptor laminate and process for making same |
EP0976580A1 (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-02-02 | Heineken Technical Services B.V. | Pressure sensitive transfer label and method of applying such a label |
US7588812B1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2009-09-15 | Gotham Ink Corporation | Heat transfer labeling system |
CN1986234A (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-27 | 卢玉振 | Making process of transfer printing label |
JP2011173252A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-09-08 | Seiko Epson Corp | Image recorder, and image recording method |
AU2012301801B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-02-04 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Self adhesive film and method to minimize or eliminate print defects in such film |
JP5861222B2 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2016-02-16 | 株式会社ミマキエンジニアリング | Printing method and inkjet discharge apparatus |
US9217090B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-12-22 | Wki Holding Company, Inc. | Method and system for ink jet printing images to complex contoured surfaces of ceramic and glass items such as dishware |
-
2014
- 2014-12-15 WO PCT/US2014/070296 patent/WO2015105635A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-15 RU RU2016131876A patent/RU2016131876A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-12-15 KR KR1020167021134A patent/KR102386041B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-12-15 MX MX2016008944A patent/MX2016008944A/en unknown
- 2014-12-15 CN CN201480076411.7A patent/CN106029391B/en active Active
- 2014-12-15 AU AU2014376250A patent/AU2014376250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-15 BR BR112016015986A patent/BR112016015986A8/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-12-15 EP EP14825530.0A patent/EP3092130B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-15 CA CA2936203A patent/CA2936203A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2093543A5 (en) * | 1970-05-20 | 1972-01-28 | Ortega Garcia Joaquin | Transfer - with silicone paper protective layer |
US5824395A (en) * | 1995-03-20 | 1998-10-20 | Zemel; Richard S. | Method of transferring a graphic image from a transfer having a paper backing, a release layer, and a discontinuous layer |
DE102012105854A1 (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-01-02 | Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg | Method and device for providing a substrate with an imprint and imprinted substrate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR102386041B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
CA2936203A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
WO2015105635A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
BR112016015986A8 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
CN106029391B (en) | 2020-08-25 |
BR112016015986A2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
RU2016131876A (en) | 2018-02-13 |
EP3092130A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
MX2016008944A (en) | 2016-12-09 |
CN106029391A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
RU2016131876A3 (en) | 2018-05-31 |
AU2014376250A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
KR20160107226A (en) | 2016-09-13 |
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