EP3092066A1 - Geometrie d'un reacteur catalytique alliant bonne tenue mecanique et bonne distribution des fluides - Google Patents
Geometrie d'un reacteur catalytique alliant bonne tenue mecanique et bonne distribution des fluidesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3092066A1 EP3092066A1 EP14827801.3A EP14827801A EP3092066A1 EP 3092066 A1 EP3092066 A1 EP 3092066A1 EP 14827801 A EP14827801 A EP 14827801A EP 3092066 A1 EP3092066 A1 EP 3092066A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- distribution
- walls
- channels
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
- B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00783—Laminate assemblies, i.e. the reactor comprising a stack of plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
- B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00851—Additional features
- B01J2219/00858—Aspects relating to the size of the reactor
- B01J2219/0086—Dimensions of the flow channels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00891—Feeding or evacuation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
- B01J2219/00891—Feeding or evacuation
- B01J2219/00896—Changing inlet or outlet cross-section, e.g. pressure-drop compensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the geometry of a catalytic reactor for the production of synthesis gas.
- synthesis gas production is steam reforming of methane.
- This reaction is catalytic and endothermic.
- This reaction is carried out in fixed bed in tubes filled with catalyst. To provide the necessary heat for the reaction these tubes are placed in an oven. The energy required for the reaction is thus obtained by combustion and is transmitted to the tubes mainly by radiation.
- the synthesis gas is thus obtained at high temperature generally between 750 ° C and 950 ° C.
- An already widespread optimization proposes the course of the reaction in a compact reactor in order to reduce the thermal energy consumed by the combustion.
- a compact reactor is a reactor where the exchanges of matter and heat are intensified thanks to a geometry where the characteristic dimensions such as the hydraulic diameter are of the order of a millimeter.
- the compact reactors proposed for the production of synthesis gas are composed of a multitude of millimeter passages, called “channels" which are formed by means of "walls". Subsequently, "wall” means a partition wall between two consecutive channels. These channels are distributed on plates. The plates are then assembled to form the microreactor. The walls therefore also make it possible to connect two reactor plates together and thus have a direct influence on the mechanical strength of the equipment.
- One of the problems with the use of this type of equipment is the distribution of fluids at the reactor inlet. Indeed, to treat an industrial flow of fluids, a multitude of millimeter passages is necessary. Inadequate distribution of the incoming fluids adversely affects the heat transfer, the uniformity of the catalyst deposit (coating deposition method), the conversion, etc.
- the "simplest” solution to reinforce the mechanical strength of the assembly at the level of the distribution zone consists in adding simple walls of the same size as in the millimetric channel area and forming an angle with the channels (such as on example Figure 1: Example of a distribution chamber architecture with "straight" walls
- the dispensing zone must allow uniform distribution of fluids in the channels while providing high contact surfaces to ensure the mechanical strength of the entire structured block.
- the relative length of these chambers relative to the plates must be optimized in order to minimize their size and to maximize the length of the straight channels, which makes it possible to optimize the manufacturing costs of the reactor.
- the solution of the present invention is a catalytic compact reactor comprising at least 3 plates with on each plate at least one millimetric channel area promoting the exchange of heat and at least one distribution zone upstream and / or downstream of the zone of millimeter channels; the channels being separated by walls, the distribution zones are characterized by: the discontinuity of the walls along the distribution zone at the inlet or outlet side of the gas flows and
- the present invention relates particularly to the distribution zones of the compact catalytic reactor.
- the architecture of the distribution chambers is based on a progressive dichotomous tree structure in "fan” (see Figure 2).
- the increase in the width of the walls along the distribution zone as it approaches the inlet or the outlet of the gas flows makes it possible to increase the contact area between the plates and therefore to increase the mechanical strength.
- the reactor according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
- the walls close to the inlet or the outlet of the gaseous flows are of oblong shape and have an increase in their widths in the direction of the zone of millimetric channels; note that this oblong shape avoids the local existence of high velocities of the gas flow;
- the ratio, the width of the wall over the width of the channel, of the walls of oblong shape is greater than or equal to the ratio, the width of the wall over the width of the channel, the walls of the zone of millimetric channels;
- the length of the distribution zone represents at most 1/3 of the plate
- said reactor comprises at least a first plate comprising at least one distribution zone and at least one millimetric channel zone for circulating a gas flow at a temperature at least greater than 700 ° C. so that it contributes a portion of the heat necessary for the catalytic reaction; at least one second plate comprising at least one distribution zone and at least one millimeter channel zone for circulating a gaseous flow of reactants in the length direction of the catalyst-covered millimeter channels for reacting the gas flow; at least one third plate comprising at least one distribution zone and at least one millimetric channel zone for circulating the gas flow produced on the second plate so that it provides part of the heat necessary for the catalytic reaction; with on the second and the third plate, a system so that the gas flow produced can circulate from the second to the third plate.
- the catalytic reaction may be a reforming reaction of methane with steam.
- the present invention also relates to a process for producing synthesis gas implementing a catalytic reactor according to the invention.
- the elementary module is composed of two first plates where a hot gas circulates in order to provide the heat necessary for the reaction. Between these two first plates are placed two second plates which are covered with catalysts and where the reaction takes place. Between these two second plates is placed a third plate, where the synthesis gas produced circulates by supplying heat to the reaction. Holes are placed at the end of this last plate and at the end of the highest of the reaction plates to allow the passage of synthesis gas produced "reactive" plates to the third plate.
- the hot gas that provides the heat necessary for the reaction is produced by combustion.
- the homogeneous distribution of the reactants and combustion gases at the inlet of the microreactor is important for increasing the heat transfer between the reactants and the flue gases.
- the geometry of the plates of the elementary module described is therefore characterized by:
- millimeter channels merging into a small number of channels over at least 1/4 of the length of the distribution side plate of the gas flow
- the number of millimeter channels is divided a first time by 2 and then a second time by 2 before joining the inlet of the gas flow supply,
- the millimeter channels are rectilinear and parallel
- the walls are oblong with the end of the inlet or outlet side of the gaseous flow narrower
- the ratio of the width of the walls / width of the channels is greater than or equal to the ratio of the width of the walls / width of the channels measured over the remaining 3/4 of the second plate.
- the present invention proposes an architecture of the plate distribution zone allowing: to ensure a homogeneous distribution of the fluids in all the channels of the exchanger-reactor,
- the homogeneity of the distribution of the reactive gases is ensured by the discontinuity of the walls which constitute zones of gas mixing between the channels and of rebalancing of the driving pressures.
- the same architecture is imposed on the entry and the exit and this symmetry also improves the uniformity of the flow.
- the increase in the width of the walls and the oblong shape with an increase in the width of the wall along it at the inlet and at the outlet of the gases ensures homogeneity in mechanical strength.
- the tensile force in the wall is generated by the pressure in the channel (spacing between two adjacent walls).
- the ratio of wall / channel widths remaining greater than or equal to that of the region of the right channels then ensures homogeneity in mechanical strength.
- the oblong shape of the walls increases the contact area between two plates which improves the assembly of the plates and the mechanical strength of the assembly.
- the innovative architecture of the previously exposed distribution zones has been determined in order to ensure uniform distribution of the fluids in the channels as well as good mechanical strength of the exchanger-reactor. It is possible to illustrate the performances of this particular architecture by the simulation results in digital fluid mechanics for "reactive" plates with the architecture with straight walls and the architecture with a progressive dichotomous tree structure in "fan” according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1362947A FR3015308B1 (fr) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Geometrie d'un reacteur catalytique alliant bonne tenue mecanique et bonne distribution des fluides |
| PCT/FR2014/053170 WO2015092199A1 (fr) | 2013-12-19 | 2014-12-04 | Geometrie d'un reacteur catalytique alliant bonne tenue mecanique et bonne distribution des fluides |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3092066A1 true EP3092066A1 (fr) | 2016-11-16 |
Family
ID=50137896
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14827801.3A Withdrawn EP3092066A1 (fr) | 2013-12-19 | 2014-12-04 | Geometrie d'un reacteur catalytique alliant bonne tenue mecanique et bonne distribution des fluides |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20160317990A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3092066A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN106132532B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3015308B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015092199A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3053607B1 (fr) * | 2016-07-05 | 2020-01-10 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede de formulation d'une suspension catalytique |
| FR3054879B1 (fr) | 2016-08-03 | 2018-08-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Module d'echangeur de chaleur a plaques dont les canaux integrent en entree une zone de repartition uniforme de debit et une zone de bifurcations de fluide |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6200536B1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 2001-03-13 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Active microchannel heat exchanger |
| DE10317451A1 (de) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-11-18 | Degussa Ag | Reaktor für heterogen katalysierte Reaktionen |
| TWI306081B (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2009-02-11 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Hydrogen generating apparatus and hydrogen generating method using the hydrogen generating apparatus |
| US20070298486A1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-27 | Velocys Inc. | Microchannel Apparatus and Methods Of Conducting Unit Operations With Disrupted Flow |
| EP2017000B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-11 | 2012-09-05 | Corning Incorporated | Dispositifs microfluidiques pour procédés intensifiés |
| KR101040703B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-12 | 2011-06-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 복수개의 유입 또는 토출 포트를 구비하는 마이크로 채널반응기 |
| KR101200930B1 (ko) * | 2010-05-04 | 2012-11-13 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 마이크로-매크로 채널 반응기 |
| KR101271398B1 (ko) * | 2011-05-09 | 2013-06-11 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 미세유로 가열기를 이용한 적층형 탄화수소 개질장치 |
-
2013
- 2013-12-19 FR FR1362947A patent/FR3015308B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-12-04 EP EP14827801.3A patent/EP3092066A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-04 WO PCT/FR2014/053170 patent/WO2015092199A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-12-04 CN CN201480068300.1A patent/CN106132532B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-04 US US15/106,110 patent/US20160317990A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2015092199A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3015308B1 (fr) | 2017-10-13 |
| WO2015092199A1 (fr) | 2015-06-25 |
| CN106132532B (zh) | 2019-03-29 |
| US20160317990A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| CN106132532A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
| FR3015308A1 (fr) | 2015-06-26 |
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