EP3083559B1 - Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors - Google Patents

Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3083559B1
EP3083559B1 EP14872226.7A EP14872226A EP3083559B1 EP 3083559 B1 EP3083559 B1 EP 3083559B1 EP 14872226 A EP14872226 A EP 14872226A EP 3083559 B1 EP3083559 B1 EP 3083559B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thiazol
amino
pyrimidin
trifluoromethyl
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14872226.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3083559A1 (en
EP3083559A4 (en
Inventor
Brian M. Andresen
Kenneth L. Arrington
Ryan D. Otte
John Michael Ellis
John W. Butcher
Alan B. Northrup
Joel S. Robichaud
Jacques Yves Gauthier
Jean-Francois Fournier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Canada Inc
Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC
Original Assignee
Merck Canada Inc
Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Canada Inc, Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC filed Critical Merck Canada Inc
Publication of EP3083559A1 publication Critical patent/EP3083559A1/en
Publication of EP3083559A4 publication Critical patent/EP3083559A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3083559B1 publication Critical patent/EP3083559B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/538—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/08—Bronchodilators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to certain thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryl compounds of the Formula (I) (also referred to herein as the "compounds of the Formula (I)” or “compounds of Formula (I)”) which are inhibitors of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) kinase activity.
  • the present invention also provides compositions comprising such compounds, and their use in methods of treating conditions or disorders associated with inappropriate Syk activity, in particular for use in the treatment and prevention of disease states mediated by Syk.
  • Such disease states may include inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases, for example, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ulcerative colitis, Crohns disease, bronchitis, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, urticaria, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), multiple sclerosis, cancer, HIV and lupus.
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome
  • bronchitis dermatitis
  • allergic rhinitis allergic rhinitis
  • psoriasis psoriasis
  • scleroderma urticaria
  • rheumatoid arthritis idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • multiple sclerosis cancer
  • cancer HIV and lupus
  • Spleen Tyrosine Kinase is a protein tyrosine kinase which has been described as a key mediator of immunoreceptor signalling in a host of inflammatory cells including mast cells, B-cells, macrophages and neutrophils. These immunoreceptors, including Fc receptors and the B-cell receptor, are important for both allergic diseases and antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases and thus pharmacologically interfering with Syk could conceivably treat these disorders.
  • Allergic rhinitis and asthma are diseases associated with hypersensitivity reactions and inflammatory events involving a multitude of cell types including mast cells, eosinophils, T cells and dendritic cells.
  • high affinity immunoglobulin receptors for IgE and IgG become cross-linked and activate downstream processes in mast cells and other cell types leading to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and airway spasmogens.
  • IgE receptor cross-linking by allergen leads to release of mediators including histamine from pre-formed granules, as well as the synthesis and release of newly synthesized lipid mediators including prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
  • Syk kinase is a non-receptor linked tyrosine kinase which is important in transducing the downstream cellular signals associated with cross-linking Fc epsilon RI and or Fc epsilon RI receptors, and is positioned early in the signalling cascade.
  • Fc epsilon RI and or Fc epsilon RI receptors cross-linking Fc epsilon RI and or Fc epsilon RI receptors
  • the early sequence of Fc epsilon RI signalling following allergen cross-linking of receptor-IgE complexes involves first Lyn (a Src family tyrosine kinase) and then Syk.
  • Inhibitors of Syk activity would therefore be expected to inhibit all downstream signalling cascades thereby alleviating the immediate allergic response and adverse events initiated by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and spasmogens ( Wong et al. 2004, Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs (2004) 13 (7) 743-762 ).
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis is an auto-immune disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. It is characterised by inflammation of articular joints leading to debilitating destruction of bone and cartilage.
  • Recent clinical studies with Rituximab, which causes a reversible B cell depletion, J. C. W. Edwards et al. 2004, New Eng. J. Med. 350: 2572-2581 ) have shown that targeting B cell function is an appropriate therapeutic strategy in auto-immune diseases such as RA.
  • Clinical benefit correlates with a reduction in auto-reactive antibodies (or Rheumatoid Factor) and these studies suggest that B cell function and indeed auto-antibody production are central to the ongoing pathology in the disease.
  • the present invention provides novel compounds that are potent inhibitors of Syk, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
  • Syk inhibitors compounds of Formula (I) are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders mediated by the Syk protein; such diseases and disorders include asthma, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
  • a "patient” is a human or non-human mammal. In one embodiment, a patient is a human. In another embodiment, a patient is a chimpanzee.
  • a therapeutically effective amount refers to an amount of the compound of Formula (I) and/or an additional therapeutic agent, or a composition thereof that is effective in producing the desired therapeutic, ameliorative, inhibitory or preventative effect when administered to a patient suffering from a disease or condition mediated by Syk.
  • a therapeutically effective amount can refer to each individual agent or to the combination as a whole, wherein the amounts of all agents administered are together effective, but wherein the component agent of the combination may not be present individually in an effective amount.
  • preventing refers to reducing the likelihood of cancer pain or an inflammatory disease or disorder.
  • alkyl refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having one of its hydrogen atoms replaced with a bond having the specified number of carbon atoms.
  • an alkyl group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 6 alkyl) or from 1 to 3 carbon atoms (C 1 -C 3 alkyl).
  • alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl and neohexyl.
  • an alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, an alkyl group is branched.
  • alkenyl refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond and having one of its hydrogen atoms replaced with a bond.
  • An alkenyl group may be straight or branched and contain from about 2 to about 15 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, an alkenyl group contains from about 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, n-butenyl, 3-methylbut-2-enyl, n-pentenyl, octenyl and decenyl.
  • C 2 -C 6 alkenyl refers to an alkenyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Unless otherwise indicated, an alkenyl group is unsubstituted.
  • fluoroalkyl refers to an alkyl group as defined above, wherein one or more of the alkyl group's hydrogen atoms has been replaced with a fluorine.
  • a fluoroalkyl group has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • a fluoroalkyl group has from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • a fluoroalkyl group is substituted with from 1 to 3 F atoms. Examples of fluoroalkyl groups include -CH2F, -CHF 2 , and -CF 3 .
  • C 1 -C 3 fluoroalkyl refers to a fluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • alkoxy refers to an -O-alkyl group, wherein an alkyl group is as defined above.
  • alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy and t-butoxy.
  • An alkoxy group is bonded via its oxygen atom to the rest of the molecule.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, an aryl group contains from about 6 to 10 carbon atoms (C 6 -C 10 aryl). In another embodiment an aryl group is phenyl. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl.
  • carbocycle refers to a fully saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising comprising from about 3 to 12 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, the carbocyclic group contains from 4 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of carbocyclic groups include cycloalkyl groups, as defined herein. In specific embodiments, the carbocylic groups are selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 2,3-dihydroindenyl, tetrahydronapthyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, and spiro[3.5]nonyl.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated ring containing the specified number of ring carbon atoms, and no heteroatom.
  • C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl refers to a saturated ring ring having from 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms.
  • monocyclic cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • halo means -F, -Cl, -Br or -I. In one embodiment, a halo group is -F or -Cl. In another embodiment, a halo group is -F.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising about 5 to about 14 ring atoms, wherein from 1 to 3 of the ring atoms is independently N, O, or S and the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms.
  • a heteroaryl group has 5 to 10 ring atoms.
  • a heteroaryl group is monocyclic ring system and has 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • a heteroaryl group is a bicyclic ring system. A heteroaryl group is joined via a ring carbon atom.
  • heteroaryl also includes a heteroaryl as defined above fused to a heterocycle as defined below.
  • heteroaryl also encompasses a heteroaryl group, as defined above, which is fused to a benzene, a cyclohexadiene or a cyclohexene ring.
  • heteroaryls include pyridyl, pyrazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridone (including N-substituted pyridones), isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, triazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, oxindolyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl.
  • heterocyclyl refers to a nonaromatic saturated or partially saturated monocyclic or multicyclic ring system containing 3 to 11 ring atoms, wherein from 1 to 4 of the ring atoms are independently O, S, or N, and the remainder of the ring atoms are carbon atoms.
  • a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has from 3 to 7 ring atoms.
  • a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has from about 4 to 7 ring atoms.
  • a heterocyclyl group is bicyclic and has from 7 to 11 ring atoms.
  • a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic.
  • a heterocyclyl group is bicyclic.
  • a heterocyclyl group can be joined to the rest of the molecule via a ring carbon or ring nitrogen atom. The nitrogen or sulfur atom of the heterocyclyl can be optionally oxidized to the corresponding N-oxide, S-oxide or S,S-dioxide.
  • Examples of monocyclic heterocyclyl rings include oxetanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, dihydropyranyl, pyran, 1,4-dioxanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, delta-lactam, delta-lactone.
  • substituted means that one or more hydrogens on the atoms of the designated are replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the atoms' normal valencies under the existing circumstances are not exceeded, and that the substitution results in a stable compound. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
  • stable compound' or “stable structure” is meant a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.
  • radicals which include the expression "-N(C 1 -C 3 alkyl) 2 means -N(CH 3 )(CH 2 CH 3 ), -N(CH 3 )(CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), and -N(CH 2 CH 3 )(CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), as well as -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -N(CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 , and -N(CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 .
  • in purified form refers to the physical state of a compound after the compound is isolated from a synthetic process (e.g., from a reaction mixture), a natural source, or a combination thereof.
  • in purified form also refers to the physical state of a compound after the compound is obtained from a purification process or processes described herein or well-known to the skilled artisan (e.g., chromatography, recrystallization and the like), in sufficient purity to be characterizable by standard analytical techniques described herein or well-known to the skilled artisan.
  • One or more compounds of the invention may exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, and the like, and it is intended that the invention embrace both solvated and unsolvated forms.
  • “Solvate” means a physical association of a compound of this invention with one or more solvent molecules. This physical association involves varying degrees of ionic and covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. "Solvate” encompasses both solution-phase and isolatable solvates. Examples of suitable solvates include ethanolates, methanolates, . "Hydrate” is a solvate wherein the solvent molecule is H 2 O.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) may contain one or more stereogenic centers and can thus occur as racemates, racemic mixtures, single enantiomers, diastereomeric mixtures and individual diastereomers. Additional asymmetric centers may be present depending upon the nature of the various substituents on the molecule. Each such asymmetric center will independently produce two optical isomers and it is intended that all of the possible optical isomers and diastereomers in mixtures and as pure or partially purified compounds are included within the ambit of this invention. Any formulas, structures or names of compounds described in this specification that do not specify a particular stereochemistry are meant to encompass any and all existing isomers as described above and mixtures thereof in any proportion. When stereochemistry is specified, the invention is meant to encompass that particular isomer in pure form or as part of a mixture with other isomers in any proportion.
  • Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization.
  • Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or Mosher's acid chloride), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers.
  • an appropriate optically active compound e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or Mosher's acid chloride
  • some of the compounds of Formula (I) may be atropisomers (e.g., substituted biaryls) and are considered as part of this invention.
  • Enantiomers can also be separated by use of chiral HPLC column
  • All stereoisomers (for example, geometric isomers, optical isomers and the like) of the present compounds including those of the salts and solvates of the compounds), such as those which may exist due to asymmetric carbons on various substituents, including enantiomeric forms (which may exist even in the absence of asymmetric carbons), rotameric forms, atropisomers, and diastereomeric forms, are contemplated within the scope of this invention.
  • Individual stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention may, for example, be substantially free of other isomers, or may be admixed, for example, as racemates or with all other, or other selected, stereoisomers.
  • the chiral centers of the present invention can have the S or R configuration as defined by the IUPAC 1974 Recommendations.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) can form salts which are also within the scope of this invention.
  • Reference to a compound of Formula (I) herein is understood to include reference to salts thereof, unless otherwise indicated.
  • the term "salt(s)", as employed herein, denotes acidic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic acids, as well as basic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic bases.
  • zwitterions inner salts
  • Salts of the compounds of Formula (I) may be formed, for example, by reacting a compound of Formula (I) with an amount of acid or base, such as an equivalent amount, in a medium such as one in which the salt precipitates or in an aqueous medium followed by lyophilization.
  • Exemplary acid addition salts include acetates, ascorbates, benzoates, benzenesulfonates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, citrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, fumarates, hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, hydroiodides, lactates, maleates, methanesulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates, nitrates, oxalates, phosphates, propionates, salicylates, succinates, sulfates, tartarates, thiocyanates, toluenesulfonates (also known as tosylates,), 1-hydroxy -2-naphthoates (also known as xinafoates).
  • Exemplary basic salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium, lithium, and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts, salts with organic bases (for example, organic amines) such as dicyclohexylamines, t-butyl amines, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine .
  • alkali metal salts such as sodium, lithium, and potassium salts
  • alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts
  • salts with organic bases for example, organic amines
  • organic amines such as dicyclohexylamines, t-butyl amines
  • salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine .
  • Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quarternized with agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g ., methyl, ethyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g ., dimethyl, diethyl, and dibutyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g., decyl, lauryl, and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), aralkyl halides (e.g ., benzyl and phenethyl bromides), and others.
  • agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g ., methyl, ethyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g ., dimethyl, diethyl, and dibutyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g., decyl,
  • the present invention further includes the compounds of Formula (I) in all their isolated forms.
  • the above-identified compounds are intended to encompass all forms of the compounds such as, any solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, and tautomers thereof.
  • composition is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • the atoms may exhibit their natural isotopic abundances, or one or more of the atoms may be artificially enriched in a particular isotope having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number predominantly found in nature.
  • the present invention is meant to include all suitable isotopic variations of the compounds of generic Formula (I).
  • different isotopic forms of hydrogen (H) include protium ( 1 H) and deuterium (2H).
  • Protium is the predominant hydrogen isotope found in nature. Enriching for deuterium may afford certain therapeutic advantages, such as increasing in vivo half-life or reducing dosage requirements, or may provide a compound useful as a standard for characterization of biological samples.
  • Isotopically-enriched compounds within generic Formula (I) can be prepared without undue experimentation by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the examples herein using appropriate isotopically-enriched reagents and/or intermediates.
  • the present invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , ring B and the subscript r are as set forth below. Described below are embodiments of the compound of Formula (I).
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, -CF 3 , and -CF 2 ; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 1 is -CF 3 or -CF 2 , and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 2 is H, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 3 is H or methyl; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 1 is as set forth in embodiment no. 3, R 2 is H, R 3 is as set forth in embodiment no. 5, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein ring B is selected from the group consisting of indole, quinoline, indazole, benzimidazole, and 3,4-dihydro-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein the moiety in Formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of: and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9, C y is cyclobutyl or cyclohexyl, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9;
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9, C y is cyclobutyl, the subscripts s and t are both 0, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 13;
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R 1 is as set forth in embodiment no. 3, R 2 is H, R 3 is as set forth in embodiment no. 5, the moiety in Formula (I) is as set forth in embodiment no. 8, and R 4 is as set forth in embodiment nos. 10, 11, or 14.
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) as described by any one of embodiments nos. 1-10 and 13, wherein R 5 is -C(O)OR A .
  • the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) as described by any one of embodiments nos. 1-10 and 13, wherein R 5 is -C(O)OH.
  • the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of:
  • the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of:
  • the invention also provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in purified form.
  • Compounds of Formula (I) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds can be used to treat or prevent a variety of conditions or diseases mediated by Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk).
  • Such conditions and diseases include: (1) arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and osteoarthritis; (2) asthma and other obstructive airways diseases, including chronic asthma, late asthma, severe asthma, asthma exacerbations, airway hyper-responsiveness, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, allergic asthma, intrinsic asthma, extrinsic asthma, dust asthma, adult respiratory distress syndrome, recurrent airway obstruction, and chronic obstruction pulmonary disease including emphysema; (3) autoimmune diseases or disorders, including those designated as single organ or single cell-type autoimmune disorders, for example Hashimoto's thyroiditis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune atrophic gastritis of pernicious anemia, autoimmune encephalomyelitis
  • the invention thus provides compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for use in therapy, and particularly in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by inappropriate Syk activity.
  • the inappropriate Syk activity referred to herein is any Syk activity that deviates from the normal Syk activity expected in a particular patient.
  • Inappropriate Syk activity may take the form of, for instance, an abnormal increase in activity, or an aberration in the timing and or control of Syk activity.
  • Such inappropriate activity may result then, for example, from overexpression or mutation of the protein kinase leading to inappropriate or uncontrolled activation.
  • the present invention is directed to uses of regulating, modulating, or inhibiting Syk for the prevention and/or treatment of disorders related to unregulated Syk activity.
  • the present invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for use in the treatment of a patient suffering from a disorder mediated by Syk activity.
  • the present invention provides for the use of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a physiologically functional derivative thereof, in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disorder mediated by Syk activity.
  • said disorder mediated by Syk activity is asthma.
  • said disorder is rheumatoid arthritis.
  • said disorder is cancer.
  • said disorder is ocular conjunctivitis.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention provides compounds for use in a method for treating diseases caused by or associated with Fc receptor signaling cascades, including FceRI and/or FcgRI-mediated degranulation as a therapeutic approach towards the treatment or prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by and/or associated with the release or synthesis of chemical mediators of such Fc receptor signaling cascades or degranulation.
  • Syk is known to play a critical role in immunotyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling, B cell receptor signaling, T cell receptor signaling and is an essential component of integrin beta (1), beta (2), and beta (3) signaling in neutrophils.
  • ITAM immunotyrosine-based activation motif
  • compounds of the present invention can be used to regulate Fc receptor, ITAM, B cell receptor and integrin signaling cascades, as well as the cellular responses elicited through these signaling cascades.
  • cellular responses include respiratory burst, cellular adhesion, cellular degranulation, cell spreading, cell migration, phagocytosis, calcium ion flux, platelet aggregation and cell maturation.
  • the invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises a compound of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the compounds of the Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are as described above.
  • the carriers must be acceptable in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
  • a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition including admixing a compound of the Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • compositions of the present invention may be presented in unit dose forms containing a predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose.
  • a unit may contain, for example, 5 ⁇ g to 1 g, preferably 1 mg to 700 mg, more preferably 5 mg to 100 mg of a compound of the Formula (I), depending on the condition being treated, the route of administration and the age, weight and condition of the patient.
  • Such unit doses may therefore be administered more than once a day.
  • Preferred unit dosage compositions are those containing a daily dose or sub-dose (for administration more than once a day), as herein above recited, or an appropriate fraction thereof, of an active ingredient.
  • such pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the pharmacy art.
  • compositions of the present invention may be adapted for administration by any appropriate route, for example by the oral (including buccal or sublingual), rectal, topical, inhaled, nasal, ocular, or parenteral (including intravenous and intramuscular) route.
  • Such compositions may be prepared by any method known in the art of pharmacy, for example by bringing into association the active ingredient with the carrier(s) or excipient(s).
  • Dosage forms include tablets, troches, dispersions, suspensions, solutions, capsules, creams, ointments, aerosols.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the oral route, for use in treating, for example, rheumatoid arthritis.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the nasal route, for use in treating, for example, allergic rhinitis.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the inhaled route, for use in treating, for example, asthma, COPD or ARDS.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the ocular route, for use in treating, diseases of the eye, for example, conjunctivitis.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the parenteral (including intravenous) route, for use in treating, for example, cancer.
  • compositions of the present invention which are adapted for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets; powders or granules; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or whips; or oil-in-water liquid emulsions or water-in-oil liquid emulsions.
  • the active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water.
  • an oral, non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water.
  • Powders are prepared by comminuting the compound to a suitable fine size and mixing with a similarly comminuted pharmaceutical carrier such as an edible carbohydrate, as, for example, starch or mannitol. Flavoring, preservative, dispersing and coloring agent can also be present.
  • Capsules are made by preparing a powder mixture, as described above, and filling formed gelatin sheaths.
  • Glidants and lubricants such as colloidal silica, talc, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or solid polyethylene glycol can be added to the powder mixture before the filling operation.
  • a disintegrating or solubilizing agent such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate can also be added to improve the availability of the medicament when the capsule is ingested.
  • suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes.
  • Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride .
  • Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, bentonite, xanthan gum.
  • Tablets are formulated, for example, by preparing a powder mixture, granulating or slugging, adding a lubricant and disintegrant and pressing into tablets.
  • a powder mixture is prepared by mixing the compound, suitably comminuted, with a diluent or base as described above, and optionally, with a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose, an aliginate, gelatin, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a solution retardant such as paraffin, a resorption accelerator such as a quaternary salt and/or an absorption agent such as bentonite, kaolin or dicalcium phosphate.
  • a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose, an aliginate, gelatin, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
  • a solution retardant such as paraffin
  • a resorption accelerator such as a quaternary salt
  • an absorption agent such as bentonite, kaolin or dicalcium phosphate.
  • the powder mixture can be granulated by wetting with a binder such as syrup, starch paste, acadia mucilage or solutions of cellulosic or polymeric materials and forcing through a screen.
  • a binder such as syrup, starch paste, acadia mucilage or solutions of cellulosic or polymeric materials and forcing through a screen.
  • the powder mixture can be run through the tablet machine and the result is imperfectly formed slugs broken into granules.
  • the granules can be lubricated to prevent sticking to the tablet forming dies by means of the addition of stearic acid, a stearate salt, talc or mineral oil.
  • the lubricated mixture is then compressed into tablets.
  • the compounds of the present invention can also be combined with a free flowing inert carrier and compressed into tablets directly without going through the granulating or slugging steps.
  • a clear or opaque protective coating consisting of a sealing coat of shellac, a coating of
  • Oral fluids such as solution, syrups and elixirs can be prepared in dosage unit form so that a given quantity contains a predetermined amount of the compound.
  • Syrups can be prepared by dissolving the compound in a suitably flavored aqueous solution, while elixirs are prepared through the use of a non-toxic alcoholic vehicle.
  • Suspensions can be formulated by dispersing the compound in a non-toxic vehicle.
  • Solubilizers and emulsifiers such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols and polyoxy ethylene sorbitol ethers, preservatives, flavor additive such as peppermint oil or natural sweeteners or saccharin or other artificial sweeteners, can also be added.
  • dosage unit compositions for oral administration can be microencapsulated.
  • the formulation can also be prepared to prolong or sustain the release, for example, by coating or embedding particulate material in polymers, wax.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles.
  • Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine or phosphatidylcholines.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may also be delivered by the use of monoclonal antibodies as individual carriers to which the compound molecules are coupled.
  • the compounds may also be coupled with soluble polymers as targetable drug carriers.
  • Such polymers can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide-phenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol, or polyethyleneoxidepolylysine substituted with palmitoyl residues.
  • the compounds may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polyepsilon caprolactone, polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacrylates and cross-linked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.
  • a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polyepsilon caprolactone, polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacrylates and cross-linked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.
  • Dosage forms for inhaled administration may conveniently be formulated as aerosols or dry powders.
  • the compound or salt of Formula (I) is in a particle-size-reduced form, and more preferably the size-reduced form is obtained or obtainable by micronisation.
  • the preferable particle size of the size-reduced (e.g., micronised) compound or salt or solvate is defined by a D50 value of about 0.5 to about 10 microns (for example as measured using laser diffraction).
  • Aerosol formulations can comprise a solution or fine suspension of the active substance in a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous or non-aqueous solvent. Aerosol formulations can be presented in single or multidose quantities in sterile form in a sealed container, which can take the form of a cartridge or refill for use with an atomising device or inhaler. Alternatively the sealed container may be a unitary dispensing device such as a single dose nasal inhaler or an aerosol dispenser fitted with a metering valve (metered dose inhaler) which is intended for disposal once the contents of the container have been exhausted.
  • a metering valve metered dose inhaler
  • the dosage form comprises an aerosol dispenser
  • it preferably contains a suitable propellant under pressure such as compressed air, carbon dioxide or an organic propellant such as a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC).
  • suitable HFC propellants include 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane.
  • the aerosol dosage forms can also take the form of a pump-atomiser.
  • the pressurised aerosol may contain a solution or a suspension of the active compound. This may require the incorporation of additional excipients e.g., co-solvents and/or surfactants to improve the dispersion characteristics and homogeneity of suspension formulations. Solution formulations may also require the addition of co-solvents such as ethanol.
  • Other excipient modifiers may also be incorporated to improve, for example, the stability and/or taste and/or fine particle mass characteristics (amount and/or profile) of the formulation.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a dry powder inhalable composition.
  • a dry powder inhalable composition can comprise a powder base such as lactose, glucose, trehalose, mannitol or starch, the compound of Formula (I) or salt or solvate thereof (preferably in particle-size-reduced form, e.g., in micronised form), and optionally a performance modifier such as L-leucine or another amino acid, and/or metals salts of stearic acid such as magnesium or calcium stearate.
  • the dry powder inhalable composition comprises a dry powder blend of lactose and the compound of Formula (I) or salt thereof.
  • the lactose is preferably lactose hydrate e.g., lactose monohydrate and/or is preferably inhalation-grade and/or fine-grade lactose.
  • the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more (by weight or by volume) of the lactose particles being less than 1000 microns (micrometres) ( e.g ., 10-1000 microns e.g. , 30-1000 microns) in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 500 microns ( e.g., 10-500 microns) in diameter.
  • the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more of the lactose particles being less than 300 microns ( e.g ., 10-300 microns e.g., 50-300 microns) in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 100 microns in diameter.
  • the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more of the lactose particles being less than 100-200 microns in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 40-70 microns in diameter.
  • a suitable inhalation-grade lactose is E9334 lactose (10% fines) ( Borculo Domo Ingredients, Hanzeplein 25, 8017 J D Zwolle, Netherlands ).
  • a pharmaceutical composition for inhaled administration can be incorporated into a plurality of sealed dose containers (e.g. , containing the dry powder composition) mounted longitudinally in a strip or ribbon inside a suitable inhalation device.
  • the container is rupturable or peel-openable on demand and the dose of e.g., the dry powder composition can be administered by inhalation via the device such as the DISKUS® device (GlaxoSmithKline).
  • Dosage forms for ocular administration may be formulated as solutions or suspensions with excipients suitable for ophthalmic use.
  • Dosage forms for nasal administration may conveniently be formulated as aerosols, solutions, drops, gels or dry powders.
  • compositions adapted for administration by inhalation include fine particle dusts or mists, which may be generated by means of various types of metered, dose pressurised aerosols, nebulizers or insufflators.
  • the compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof may be formulated as a fluid formulation for delivery from a fluid dispenser.
  • a fluid dispenser may have, for example, a dispensing nozzle or dispensing orifice through which a metered dose of the fluid formulation is dispensed upon the application of a user-applied force to a pump mechanism of the fluid dispenser.
  • Such fluid dispensers are generally provided with a reservoir of multiple metered doses of the fluid formulation, the doses being dispensable upon sequential pump actuations.
  • the dispensing nozzle or orifice may be configured for insertion into the nostrils of the user for spray dispensing of the fluid formulation into the nasal cavity.
  • a fluid dispenser of the aforementioned type is described and illustrated in WO-A-2005/044354 .
  • the dispenser has a housing which houses a fluid discharge device having a compression pump mounted on a container for containing a fluid formulation.
  • the housing has at least one finger-operable side lever which is movable inwardly with respect to the housing to cam the container upwardly in the housing to cause the pump to compress and pump a metered dose of the formulation out of a pump stem through a nasal nozzle of the housing.
  • a particularly preferred fluid dispenser is of the general type illustrated in FIGS. 30-40 of WO-A-2005/044354 .
  • Injectable Suspension (I.M.) mg/mL Compound of Formula (I) 10 Methylcellulose 5.0 Tween 80 0.5 Benzyl alcohol 9.0 Benzalkonium chloride 1.0 Water for injection to a total volume of 1 mL Tablet mg/tablet Compound of Formula (I) 25 Microcrystalline Cellulose 415 Providone 14.0 Pregelatinized Starch 43.5 Magnesium Stearate 2.5 500 Capsule mg/capsule Compound of Formula (I) 25 Lactose Powder 573.5 Magnesium Stearate 1.5 600 Aerosol Per canister Compound of Formula (I) 24 mg Lecithin, NF Liquid Concentrate 1.2 mg Trichlorofluoromethane, NF 4.025 gm Dichlorodifluoromethane, NF 12.15 gm
  • the compound of the present invention when administered in combination with other therapeutic agents normally administered by the inhaled, intravenous, oral or intranasal route, that the resultant pharmaceutical composition may be administered by the same routes.
  • compositions may include other agents conventional in the art having regard to the type of formulation in question, for example those suitable for oral administration may include flavouring agents.
  • a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention will depend upon a number of factors including, for example, the age and weight of the animal, the precise condition requiring treatment and its severity, the nature of the formulation, and the route of administration, and will ultimately be at the discretion of the attendant physician or veterinarian.
  • an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) for the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with inappropriate Syk activity will generally be in the range of 5 ⁇ g to 100 mg/kg body weight of recipient (patient) per day and more usually in the range of 5 ⁇ g to 10 mg/kg body weight per day.
  • This amount may be given in a single dose per day or more usually in a number (such as two, three, four, five or six) of sub-doses per day such that the total daily dose is the same.
  • An effective amount of a salt or solvate, thereof, may be determined as a proportion of the effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) per se.
  • compositions of the invention can further comprise one or more additional therapeutic agents, as discussed in further detail below. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention provides compositions comprising: (i) a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (ii) one or more additional therapeutic agents, that are not compounds of Formula (I); and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the amounts in the composition are together effective to treat one of the disease or conditions discussed above.
  • the compounds of Formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be used in combination, either in a single formulation or co-administered as separate formulations with at least one additional therapeutic agent to treat or prevent the diseases and conditions described herein.
  • these additional therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to: (1) TNF- ⁇ inhibitors such as infliximab (Remicade®), etanercept (Enbrel®), adalimumab (Humira®), certolizumab pegol (Cimzia®), and golimumab (Simponi®); (2) non-selective COX-I/COX-2 inhibitors (such as piroxicam, diclofenac, propionic acids such as naproxen, flubiprofen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen and ibupro
  • TNF- ⁇ inhibitors such as infliximab (Remicade®), etanercept (Enbrel®), adalimumab
  • the present invention also provides for so-called "triple combination" therapy, comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with beta 2 -adrenoreceptor agonist and an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid.
  • this combination is for treatment and/or prophylaxis of asthma, COPD or allergic rhinitis.
  • the beta 2 -adrenoreceptor agonist and/or the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid can be as described above and/or as described in WO 03/030939 A1 .
  • triple a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the components of Advair® (salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate), Symbicort® (budesonide and formoterol fumarate), or Dulera® (mometasone furoate and formoterol fumarate).
  • Advair® simeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate
  • Symbicort® budesonide and formoterol fumarate
  • Dulera® mitasone furoate and formoterol fumarate
  • a compound of Formula (I) may be combined with an one or more additional therapeutic agents which are anticancer agents.
  • additional therapeutic agents which are anticancer agents.
  • additional therapeutic agents can be found in Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology by V.T. Devita and S. Hellman (editors), 6th edition (February 15, 2001), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers .
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art would be able to discern which combinations of agents would be useful based on the particular characteristics of the drugs and the cancer involved.
  • Such anticancer agents include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) an estrogen receptor modulator such as diethylstibestral, tamoxifen, raloxifene, idoxifene, LY353381, LY117081, toremifene, fluoxymestero, and SH646; (2) other hormonal agents including aromatase inhibitors (e.g., aminoglutethimide, tetrazole anastrozole, letrozole and exemestane), luteinizing hormone release hormone (LHRH) analogues, ketoconazole, goserelin acetate, leuprolide, megestrol acetate and mifepristone; (3) an androgen receptor modulator such as finasteride and other 5 ⁇ -reductase inhibitors, nilutamide, flutamide, bicalutamide, liarozole, and abiraterone acetate; (4) a retinoid receptor modulator
  • Cytotoxic/cytostatic agents refer to compounds which cause cell death or inhibit cell proliferation primarily by interfering directly with the cell's functioning or inhibit or interfere with cell mytosis, including alkylating agents, tumor necrosis factors, intercalators, hypoxia activatable compounds, microtubule inhibitors/microtubule-stabilizing agents, inhibitors of mitotic kinesins, inhibitors of histone deacetylase, inhibitors of kinases involved in mitotic progression, antimetabolites; biological response modifiers; hormonal/anti-hormonal therapeutic agents, haematopoietic growth factors, monoclonal antibody targeted therapeutic agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors and ubiquitin ligase inhibitors.
  • cytotoxic agents include, but are not limited to, sertenef, cachectin, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, melphalan, uracil mustard, thiotepa, busulfan, carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin, tasonermin, lonidamine, carboplatin, altretamine, dacarbazine, procarbazine, prednimustine, dibromodulcitol, ranimustine, fotemustine, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, temozolomide, heptaplatin, estramustine, improsulfan tosilate, trofosfamide, nimustine, dibrospidium chloride, pumitepa, lobaplatin, satraplatin, profiromycin, cisplatin, irofulven, dexifos
  • hypoxia activatable compound is tirapazamine.
  • proteasome inhibitors include but are not limited to lactacystin and bortezomib.
  • microtubule inhibitors/microtubule-stabilising agents include vincristine, vinblastine, vindesine, vinzolidine, vinorelbine, vindesine sulfate, 3',4'-didehydro-4'-deoxy-8'-norvincaleukoblastine, podophyllotoxins (e.g., etoposide (VP-16) and teniposide (VM-26)), paclitaxel, docetaxol, rhizoxin, dolastatin, mivobulin isethionate, auristatin, cemadotin, RPR109881, BMS184476, vinflunine, cryptophycin, anhydrovinblastine, N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline-t-butylamide, TDX258, the epothilones (see for example U.S. Pat
  • topoisomerase inhibitors are topotecan, hycaptamine, irinotecan, rubitecan, 6-ethoxypropionyl-3',4'-O-exo-benzylidene-chartreusin, lurtotecan, 7-[2-(N-isopropylamino)ethyl]-(20S)camptothecin, BNP1350, BNPI1100, BN80915, BN80942, etoposide phosphate, teniposide, sobuzoxane, 2'-dimethylamino-2'-deoxy-etoposide, GL331, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-1-carboxamide, asulacrine, 2,3-(methylenedioxy)-5-methyl-7-hydroxy-8-methoxybenzo[c]-phenanth
  • inhibitors of mitotic kinesins include, but are not limited to inhibitors of KSP, inhibitors of MKLP1, inhibitors of CENP-E, inhibitors of MCAK, inhibitors of Kifl4, inhibitors of Mphosph1 and inhibitors of Rab6-KIFL.
  • histone deacetylase inhibitors include, but are not limited to, vorinostat, trichostatin A, oxamflatin, PXD101, MG98, valproic acid and scriptaid.
  • “Inhibitors of kinases involved in mitotic progression” include, but are not limited to, inhibitors of aurora kinase, inhibitors of Polo-like kinases (PLK; in particular inhibitors of PLK-1), inhibitors of bub-1 and inhibitors of bub-Rl.
  • PLK Polo-like kinases
  • An example of an "aurora kinase inhibitor” is VX-680.
  • Antiproliferative agents includes antisense RNA and DNA oligonucleotides such as G3139, ODN698, RVASKRAS, GEM231, and INX3001, and antimetabolites such as enocitabine, carmofur, tegafur, pentostatin, doxifluridine, trimetrexate, fludarabine, capecitabine, galocitabine, cytarabine ocfosfate, fosteabine sodium hydrate, raltitrexed, paltitrexid, emitefur, tiazofurin, decitabine, nolatrexed, pemetrexed, nelzarabine, 2'-deoxy-2'-methylidenecytidine, 2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine, N6-[4-deoxy-4-[N2-[2,4-tetradecadienoyl]glycylamino]-L-glycero-
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable additional therapeutic agents used in cancer therapy include, but are not limited to, abarelix; aldesleukin; alemtuzumab; alitretinoin; allopurinol; altretamine; amifostine; anastrozole; arsenic trioxide; asparaginase; azacitidine; bendamustine; bevacuzimab; bexarotene; bleomycin; bortezomib; busulfan; calusterone; capecitabine; carboplatin; carmustine; cetuximab; chlorambucil; cisplatin; cladribine; clofarabine; cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; dacarbazine; dactinomycin, actinomycin D; dalteparin; darbepoetin alfa; dasatinib; daunorubicin; degar
  • the therapeutic agents in the combination may be administered in any order such as, for example, sequentially, concurrently, together, simultaneously and the like.
  • the compound of Formula (I) is administered during a time when the additional therapeutic agent(s) exert their prophylactic or therapeutic effect, or vice versa.
  • the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are administered in doses commonly employed when such agents are used as monotherapy for treating the disorder.
  • the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are administered in doses lower than the doses commonly employed when such agents are used as monotherapy for treating the disorder.
  • the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are present in the same composition, which is suitable for oral administration.
  • the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) can act additively or synergistically.
  • a synergistic combination may allow the use of lower dosages of one or more agents and/or less frequent administration of one or more agents of a combination therapy.
  • a lower dosage or less frequent administration of one or more agents may lower toxicity of the therapy without reducing the efficacy of the therapy.
  • the doses and dosage regimen of the additional therapeutic agent(s) used in the combination therapies of the present invention for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder can be determined by the attending clinician, taking into consideration the approved doses and dosage regimen in the package insert; the age, sex and general health of the patient; and the type and severity of the disease or condition mediated by Syk.
  • kits comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound, optionally at least one additional therapeutic agent listed above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle or diluent.
  • the compounds of this invention may be made by a variety of methods, including standard chemistry. Any previously defined variable will continue to have the previously defined meaning unless otherwise indicated. Illustrative general synthetic methods are set out below and then specific compounds of the Formula (I) are prepared in the Examples.
  • Compounds of general Formula (I) may be prepared by methods known in the art of organic synthesis as set forth in part by the following synthesis schemes. In all of the schemes described below, it is well understood that protecting groups for sensitive or reactive groups are employed where necessary in accordance with general principles of chemistry. Protecting groups are manipulated according to standard methods of organic synthesis ( T. W. Green and P. G. M. Wuts (1991) Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons ). These groups are removed at a convenient stage of the compound synthesis using methods that are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The selection of protecting groups as well as the reaction conditions and order of reaction steps shall be consistent with the preparation of compounds of Formula (I).
  • the present invention includes all possible stereoisomers and includes not only mixtures of stereoisomers (such as racemic compounds) but the individual stereoisomers as well.
  • a compound When a compound is desired as a single enantiomer, it may be obtained by stereospecific synthesis or by resolution of the final product or any convenient intermediate. Resolution of the final product, an intermediate, or a starting material may be affected by any suitable method known in the art. See, for example, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds by E. L. Eliel, S. H. Wilen, and L. N. Mander (Wiley-Interscience, 1994 ).
  • Compounds of Formula ( I ) are prepared by palladium-mediated coupling of substituted halo A-rings (1) with amino B-ring thiazoles (2), as shown in Scheme 1.
  • Compounds of Formula (I) are obtained by palladium-mediated coupling of bromo AB-rings (5) with substituted thiazoles (6) or by Suzuki coupling of boronic acid AB-rings (7) with substituted bromo thiazoles (8).
  • Bromo AB-rings (5) are prepared by palladium mediated coupling of amino A-rings (3) with bis-bromo B-rings (4) or by acid catalyzed S N Ar of amino A-rings (3) with bis-bromo B-rings (4).
  • carboxylic acids (10) are prepared by hydrolysis of alkyl esters (9).
  • compounds of structural subtype (A) are prepared from the carboxylic acid (A1) by a Mitsunobu reaction with various primary and secondary alcohols.
  • Compounds of structural subtype (B) are prepared by the alkylation of the carboxylic acid (A1) by alkyl halides of formula (Bl).
  • Compounds of structural subtype (C) are prepared by the alkylation of the carboxylic acid (A1) by alkyl halides of formula (C1).
  • Step 1 Methyl 3-oxobutanoate (232 g, 2.00 mol) and paraformaldehyde (30 g, 999 mmol) were combined and piperidine (10 g, 117.44 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 hours at 0 °C. The solution was then heated to 60 °C for 2 hours. The mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (3x), and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford dimethyl 2-methyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C 11 H 15 O 5 [M + H] + 227, found 227.
  • Step 2 Dimethyl 2-methyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylate (150 g, 663.0 mmol) in methanol (150 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of sodium methanolate (90 g, 1.67 mol) in methanol (300 mL) with stirring over 30 minutes. The resulting solution was heated to 80 °C for 30 minutes, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture was diluted with water/ice (120 mL), then diluted further with acetic acid (130 mL). The resulting solution was extracted with diethyl ether (3x), and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 3 Copper iodide (121.8 g, 639.5 mmol) was suspended in diethyl ether (800 mL). Methyllithium (1.6 M in diethyl ether, 800 mL, 1.28 mol) was added dropwise at -40 °C over 3 hours. A solution of methyl 2-methyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-enecarboxylate (53.8 g, 320 mmol) in diethyl ether (400 mL) was added at -40 °C over 2 minutes. The resulting solution was stirred for 5 hours at -20 °C. The mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (2.5 L) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 2 L).
  • Step 1 2-Chloro-4-ethynylpyrimidine (200 mg, 1.44 mmol), 1-(azidomethyl)-4-methoxybenzene ( Chem. Eur. J., 2011, 17, 14727-14730 ) (2.9 mL, 1.44 mmol), copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (36 mg, 0.14 mmol), sodium ascorbate (143 mg, 0.72 mmol), water (3.6 mL), and tert -butanol (3.6 mL) were combined in a microwave vial and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, after which time the mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and pH 3 buffer.
  • Step 2 Sodium bicarbonate (2.23 g, 26.6 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-bromo-6-aminophenol (5 g, 26.6 mmol) in THF (95 mL), followed by dropwise addition of 2-bromo-isobutyryl bromide (3.62 mL, 29.3 mmol). After 1 hour, potassium carbonate (7.35 g, 53.2 mmol) and DMF (95 mL) were added and the mixture was heated to 70 °C for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
  • Step 3 Potassium carbonate (4.96 g, 35.9 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-bromo- N -(3-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanamide (6.05 g, 17.95 mmol) in DMF (90 mL). The reaction was heated to 70 °C for 3 hours, after which time the reaction was cooled to room temperature and poured into ethyl acetate and water. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water and then saturated aqueous sodium chloride, then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 4 Nitric acid (0.61 mL, 12.03 mmol) was added dropwise to a flask containing 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4 H )-one (2.8 g, 10.93 mmol) in sulfuric acid (5.07 mL, 95 mmol) at 0 °C and the brown, viscous solution was stirred for 1.5 hours at 0 °C. The mixture was then poured carefully into ice-cold water and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2x).
  • Step 5 Iron (0.97 g, 17.44 mmol) was added to a mixture of 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitro-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4 H )-one (1.05 g, 3.49 mmol) and ammonium chloride (0.09 g, 1.74 mmol) in ethanol (18 mL) and water (9 mL) and the mixture was heated to 90 °C for 1.5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate.
  • Step 6 Acetic acid (0.09 mL, 1.66 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2-chloro-4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (200 mg, 0.66 mmol) and 6-amino-8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4 H )-one (150 mg, 0.55 mmol) in dioxane (2.7 mL) and the reaction was heated to 105 °C for 20 hours, after which time the mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and ethyl acetate.
  • Step 7 Bis(pinacolato)diboron (78 mg, 0.31 mmol), 8-bromo-6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-2 H- benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4 H )-one (150 mg, 0.28 mmol), potassium acetate (82 mg, 0.84 mmol), and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (16 mg, 0.02 mmol) were combined in a vial.
  • Step 1 Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (18.12 mL, 78 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-fluoro-2-iodo-6-nitroaniline (10 g, 35.5 mmol) in DMF (70 mL) and sodium hydride (2.84 g, 70 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C then 100 °C. After cooling to room temperature, hydrochloric acid was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic fractions were washed with water (3x) then brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 2 Cesium carbonate (709 mg, 2.18 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine (473 mg, 2.90 mmol) in dimethylformamide and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. Di- tert -butyl (4-fluoro-2-iodo-6-nitrophenyl)carbamate (700 mg, 1.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with diethyl ether, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 3 Ammonium chloride (14.47 mg, 0.27 mmol) was added to a mixture of di- tert -butyl (2-iodo-6-nitro-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate (282 mg, 0.45 mmol) and iron (151 mg, 2.71 mmol) in ethanol/water (2:1) and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered through CELITE while hot. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 4 TFA (0.5 mL, 6.49 mmol) was added to a stirred, cooled (0 °C) mixture of di- tert -butyl (2-amino-6-iodo-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate (158 mg, 0.27 mmol) in dichloromethane and the mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 minutes. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-iodo- N 4 -(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene-1,2,4-triamine as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C 11 H 10 F 3 IN 5 [M+H] + 396, found 396.
  • Step 5 Carbonyldiimidazole (26.5 mg, 0.16 mmol) was added to a stirred, cooled (0 °C) mixture of 6-iodo- N 4 -(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene-1,2,4-triamine (85 mg, 0.14 mmol) in dichloromethane:THF (1:1, 1 mL) and the mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 5 minutes then at room temperature for 30 minutes The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 6 4-Iodo-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1 H- benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (64 mg, 0.15 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (6.21 mg, 7.60 ⁇ mol), potassium acetate (44.7 mg, 0.46 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (42.5 mg, 0.17 mmol) were combined in DMSO. The mixture was heated to 125 °C for 14 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether.
  • Step 1 Triethylamine (1.0 mL, 7.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-bromo-1 H -indazol-6-amine (1.5 g, 7.1 mmol) and di- tert -butyl dicarbonate (1.9 g, 8.49 mmol) in DMF (24 mL) and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 14 hours. The mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature and diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 2 Cesium carbonate (626 mg, 1.92 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert- butyl 6-amino-4-bromo-1 H -indazole-1-carboxylate (250 mg, 0.64 mmol) and 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromcthyl)pyrimidinc (129 mg, 0.71 mmol) in DMSO (3 mL) and the mixture was heated to 50 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then diluted with ethyl acetate and saturated ammonium chloride. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 Isopropylmagnesium chloride/lithium chloride complex (582 mL, 756 mmol) was cooled to 0 °C. Thiazole (53.2 mL, 749 mmol) was added over 15 minutes, resulting in an orange/red solution. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes at 0 °C, then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred an additional 2 hours. The reaction mixture was recooled to 0 °C and cyclobutanone (53.3 mL, 713 mmol) was added over 50 minutes. The mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred an additional 20 minutes. The mixture was again cooled to 0 °C and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride was slowly added.
  • Step 2 1-(1,3-Thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol (171.9 g, 1.11 mol) was dissolved in DMF (860 mL) and the mixture was cooled to 0 °C. N -Bromosuccinimide (236 g, 1.33 mol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0 °C. The solution was poured into cooled water (2 L) containing sodium sulfite (30 g), and washed with methyl tert -butyl ether (1 L). The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes, then diluted with methyl tert-butyl ether (1.5 L) and water (500 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed with water (2 L).
  • the aqueous layer was washed with methyl tert-butyl ether (2 L).
  • the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide an oil.
  • the residue was diluted in hexanes at 50 °C (1 L).
  • the mixture was stirred while slowly allowing to cool. Seed crystals were added, and crystallization began around 35 °C.
  • the slurry was stirred overnight at room temperature.
  • the resulting slurry was cooled to -20 °C and stirred for 20 minutes, filtered, washing with hexane at -20 °C.
  • the solid was dried under a nitrogen bag to afford 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol.
  • the filtrate and all remaining material in the flask was diluted in dichloromethane and concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue, hexane was added, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to 300 mL. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and seed crystals were added. After crystallization began, the mixture was cooled to -10 °C and filtered, washing with hexane at -10 °C. A second crop of crystals allowed to air dry providing 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol. The mother liquor from the second filtration was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 This procedure is based on literature, see: Krasovskiy, A.; Krasovskaya, V.; Knochel, P. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 2958 .
  • Thiazole 5.7 mL, 80 mmol
  • isopropylmagnesium chloride-lithium chloride (1.18 M in THF, 74.9 mL, 88 mmol) in THF (75 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
  • Step 2 Sodium borohyride (3.53 g, 18.49 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone (3 g, 18.39 mmol) in chloroform (90 mL) and methanol (22.5 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction was then allowed to warm to room temperature and was diluted with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 mL).
  • Step 3 Bromine (7.58 mL, 147 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanol (3.04 g, 18.39 mmol) and sodium acetate (15.10 g, 184 mmol) in acetic acid (92 mL) and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 12 hours and then for 48 hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water:brine (1:1) and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 Isopropylmagnesium chloride/lithium chloride complex (1.3 M, 119 mL, 154 mmol) was added to a flask and cooled to 0 °C and then diluted with 50 mL THF. Thiazole (13.0 g, 154 mmol) was added over 30 minutes making sure the temperature did not exceed 5 °C. The orange slurry was stirred for 45 minutes and then cooled to -20 °C and ethyl 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (25.0 g, 147 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was added and then stirred for 50 minutes.
  • Step 2 Ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (23.5 g, 92 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (94 mL) and then treated with N -bromosuccinimide (19.66 g, 110 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. The reaction was then treated with sodium sulfite (5.8 g, 465 mmol) in water (150 mL) and then extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 Potassium tert-butoxide (1M in THF, 111 mL, 111 mmol) was added, at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed 7 °C to a cooled (0 °C) suspension of (methoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride (38 g, 111 mmol) in THF (300 mL). When complete, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0 °C, then a solution of ( S )-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (17 g, 92 mmol) was introduced via syringe as a solution in THF (100 mL).
  • Step 2 Thiazole (6.27 mL, 88 mmol) was added at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed 5 °C to a flask containing a cooled (-5 °C) solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride lithium chloride complex (63.9 mL, 83 mmol).
  • Step 3 The mixture of secondary alcohols (16.3 g, 57.5 mmol) was diluted with dichloromethane (150 mL), cooled to 0 °C and Dess-Martin Periodinane (25.4 g, 60 mmol) was added as a solid. The cooling bath was removed and the mixture stirred for 90 minutes, then saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (150 mL) followed by an aqueous solution of saturated sodium sulfite (150 mL) were added. The heterogeneous mixture was stirred until both organic and aqueous layers became clear, then the layers were separated, the aqueous extracted a second time with dichloromethane (300 mL).
  • Step 4 Methylmagnesium bromide (3M in diethyl ether, 16.5 mL, 49.5 mmol) was added, at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed -30 °C, to a cooled (-40 °C) solution of (1 S ,4 S )-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-(thiazole-2-carbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (11.6 g, 41.2 mmol) in THF (100 mL). When complete the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes between - 30 °C and -40 °C, then saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (150 mL) was added and the mixture warmed to room temperature.
  • N -Bromosuccinimide (0.25 g, 1.43 mmol) was added to a solution of racemic methyl (1 R ,4 S or 1 S ,4 R )-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (0.35 g, 1.3 mmol) in N,N -dimethylformamide (1.9 mL). After three hours an addition portion of N -bromosuccinimide (0.05 g, 0.29 mmol) was added. After an additional hour, the reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (25 mL), aqueous saturated sodium thiosulfate (10 mL), and water (5 mL).
  • Step 1 Triethylamine (1.32 mL, 9.48 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-bromo-1 H -indol-6-amine (2.0 g, 9.48 mmol) and di- tert -butyl dicarbonate (2.64 mL, 11.37 mmol) in dichloroethane (40 mL) and mixture allowed to stir at 50 °C for 3 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica (0-5% acetone/dichloromethane) to afford tert -butyl ( 4- bromo-1 H -indol-6-yl)carbamate.
  • Step 2 tert -Butyl (4-bromo-1 H -indol-6-yl)carbamate (1.0 g, 3.21 mmol), (bispinacolato)diboron (1.63 g, 6.43 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (0.09 g, 0.32 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.07 g, 0.08 mmol), potassium acetate (0.51 g, 5.14 mmol) and dioxane (15 mL) were combined in a nitrogen purged flask and the suspension was heated to 95 °C for 1 hour.
  • Step 3 tert -Butyl (4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 H -indol-6-yl)carbamate (200 mg, 0.56 mmol), ( trans )-butyl 4-((R or S )-1-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (218 mg, 0.56 mmol), cesium carbonate (546 mg, 1.68 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2',4',6'-triisopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (26.6 mg, 0.06 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (25.6 mg, 0.03 mmol), dioxane (2 mL) and water (0.2 mL) were combine in a nitrogen purged microwave vial.
  • Step 4 Trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) was added to ( trans )-butyl 4-((R or S )-1-(5-(6-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1 H -indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (150 mg, 0.28 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL). The mixture was allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to an oil.
  • Step 1 Ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added to a nitrogen purged flask containing (1 S ,4 R or 1 R ,4 S )-methyl 4-(5-(7-aminoquinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate (119 mg, 0.27 mmol), followed by 10% palladium on carbon (28.7 mg, 0.27 mmol). The reaction was purged with hydrogen (3x) and allowed to stir under a hydrogen atmosphere for 24 hours.
  • Step 1 ( trans )-Butyl 4-(( R or S )-1-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (122 mg, 0.27 mmol), 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (76 mg, 0.41 mmol), cesium carbonate (225 mg, 0.69 mmol), palladium acetate (12.41 mg, 0.06 mmol), Xantphos (48.0 mg, 0.08 mmol) and dioxane (2 mL) were combined in a nitrogen purged flask.
  • Step 2 ( trans )-Butyl 4-(( R or S )-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1 H -indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (103 mg, 0.14 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL) and methanol (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (1.0 M, 0.7 mL, 0.70 mmol) was added.
  • Step 1 ( cis )-Ethyl 4-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate (16.3 mg, 0.05 mmol), (6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)boronic acid (30 mg, 0.05 mmol), tris(dibenzylidene acetone)dipalladium(0) (2 mg, 0.02 mmol), X-Phos (2 mg, 0.04 mmol), and cesium carbonate (63.5 mg, 0.20 mmol) were combined in a vial and the mixture was vacuum purged with argon (3x).
  • Step 2 Sodium hydroxide (10 mg, 0.10 mmol) was added to a solution of (cis)- ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 H- 1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate TFA salt (14 mg, 0.02 mmol) in ethanol (1 mL) and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 64 hours, after which time trifluoroacetic acid (0.08 mL, 0.10 mmol) was added and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide ( cis )-4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 H -1,2,
  • Step 3 Trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) was added to a flask containing (cis) -4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2 H -benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (13 mg, 0.02 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 60 °C for 2 hours, after which time the reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, at which temperature the reaction was stirred for a further 16 hours.
  • Example 3 The description provided in Example 3 is a prophetic example.
  • the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude residue TFA salt.
  • the residue is diluted carefully with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and ethyl acetate.
  • the organic layer is separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude residue free base.
  • the residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel to afford the product residue.
  • the residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of structural subtype (A).
  • the residue is purified by colum chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the product residue.
  • the residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of formula (C).
  • the resulting residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the product residue.
  • the residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of formula (B).
  • Example 4 The description provided in Example 4 is a prophetic example.
  • Example 5 The description provided in Example 5 is a prophetic example.
  • a mixture of compounds of formula (A1) (1.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (6.0 mmol) and sodium iodide (1.0 mmol) in DMF is stirred for 10 minutes at ambient temperature.
  • 2-chloroethanol (4.0 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is heated at 60 °C for 16 hours. After 16 hours, additional 2-chloroethanol (1.0 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is heated to 65 °C for an additional 2 hours.
  • the reaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed sequentially with water (3x), aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2x), additional water (3x), and brine (2x).
  • a recombinant GST-hSYK fusion protein was used to measure potency of compounds to inhibit human Syk activity.
  • the recombinant human GST-SYK (Carna Biosciences #08-176) (5 pM final concentration) was incubated with various concentrations of the inhibitor diluted in DMSO (0.1% final concentration) for 10 minutes at room temperature in 15 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 0.01% tween 20, 2 mM DTT in 384 well plate format.
  • the biotinylated substrate peptide 250 nM final concentration
  • ATP 25 ⁇ M final concentration
  • Phosphorylation of the peptide was allowed to proceed for 45' at room temperature.
  • 2 nM of a Europium-anti-phosphotyrosine antibody Perkin Elmer #AD0161
  • 70 nM SA-APC Perkin-Elmer #CR130-100
  • Final volume of the quenching solution was 10 ⁇ L.
  • Table A lists activities as IC 50 values (nM) for representative compounds of the invention.
  • Table A Ex. No. rhSYK Activity 1.1 0.5 1.2 10.37 1.3 0.06 1.4 0.477 1.5 63.2 1.6 61.6 1.7 49 1.8 0.5 1.9 39.9 1.10 0.6 1.11 0.5 1.12 0.5 2.1 0.3 2.2 13.19 2.3 15.38 2.4 10.11 2.5 35.85 2.6 7.099 2.7 0.3659 2.8 0.5518 2.9 0.8657 2.10 0.1137 2.11 0.5 2.12 0.5

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to certain thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryl compounds of the Formula (I) (also referred to herein as the "compounds of the Formula (I)" or "compounds of Formula (I)") which are inhibitors of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) kinase activity. The present invention also provides compositions comprising such compounds, and their use in methods of treating conditions or disorders associated with inappropriate Syk activity, in particular for use in the treatment and prevention of disease states mediated by Syk. Such disease states may include inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases, for example, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ulcerative colitis, Crohns disease, bronchitis, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, urticaria, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), multiple sclerosis, cancer, HIV and lupus.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) is a protein tyrosine kinase which has been described as a key mediator of immunoreceptor signalling in a host of inflammatory cells including mast cells, B-cells, macrophages and neutrophils. These immunoreceptors, including Fc receptors and the B-cell receptor, are important for both allergic diseases and antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases and thus pharmacologically interfering with Syk could conceivably treat these disorders.
  • Allergic rhinitis and asthma are diseases associated with hypersensitivity reactions and inflammatory events involving a multitude of cell types including mast cells, eosinophils, T cells and dendritic cells. Following exposure to allergen, high affinity immunoglobulin receptors for IgE and IgG become cross-linked and activate downstream processes in mast cells and other cell types leading to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and airway spasmogens. In the mast cell, for example, IgE receptor cross-linking by allergen leads to release of mediators including histamine from pre-formed granules, as well as the synthesis and release of newly synthesized lipid mediators including prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
  • Syk kinase is a non-receptor linked tyrosine kinase which is important in transducing the downstream cellular signals associated with cross-linking FcepsilonRI and or FcepsilonRI receptors, and is positioned early in the signalling cascade. In mast cells, for example, the early sequence of FcepsilonRI signalling following allergen cross-linking of receptor-IgE complexes involves first Lyn (a Src family tyrosine kinase) and then Syk. Inhibitors of Syk activity would therefore be expected to inhibit all downstream signalling cascades thereby alleviating the immediate allergic response and adverse events initiated by the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and spasmogens (Wong et al. 2004, Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs (2004) 13 (7) 743-762).
  • Recently, it has been shown that the Syk kinase inhibitor R112 (Rigel), dosed intranasally in a phase I/II study for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, gave a statistically significant decrease in PGD2, a key immune mediator that is highly correlated with improvements in allergic rhinorrhea, as well as being safe across a range of indicators, thus providing the first evidence for the clinical safety and efficacy of a topical Syk kinase inhibitor. (Meltzer, Eli O.; Berkowitz, Robert B.; Grossbard, Elliott B, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005), 115(4), 791-796). In a more recent phase II clinical trial for allergic rhinitis (Clinical Trials.gov Identifier NCT0015089), R112 was shown as having a lack of efficacy versus placebo.
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an auto-immune disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. It is characterised by inflammation of articular joints leading to debilitating destruction of bone and cartilage. Recent clinical studies with Rituximab, which causes a reversible B cell depletion, (J. C. W. Edwards et al. 2004, New Eng. J. Med. 350: 2572-2581) have shown that targeting B cell function is an appropriate therapeutic strategy in auto-immune diseases such as RA. Clinical benefit correlates with a reduction in auto-reactive antibodies (or Rheumatoid Factor) and these studies suggest that B cell function and indeed auto-antibody production are central to the ongoing pathology in the disease.
  • Studies using cells from mice deficient in the Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) have demonstrated a non-redundant role of this kinase in B cell function. The deficiency in Syk is characterised by a block in B cell development (M. Turner et al. 1995 Nature 379: 298-302 and Cheng et al. 1995, Nature 378: 303-306). These studies, along with studies on mature B cells deficient in Syk (Kurasaki et al. 2000, Immunol. Rev. 176:19-29), demonstrate that Syk is required for the differentiation and activation of B cells. Hence, inhibition of Syk in RA patients is likely to block B cell function, and thereby reduce Rheumatoid Factor production. In addition to the role of Syk in B cell function, and of further relevance to the treatment of RA, is the requirement for Syk activity in Fc receptor (FcR) signalling. FcR activation by immune complexes in RA has been suggested to contribute to the release of multiple pro-inflammatory mediators. WO 2012/154520 discloses thiazole-substitued aminoheteroaryl compounds which are inhibitors of Syk activity for the treatment of various diseases such as asthma and COPD.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention provides novel compounds that are potent inhibitors of Syk, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them. As Syk inhibitors compounds of Formula (I) are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders mediated by the Syk protein; such diseases and disorders include asthma, COPD, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions
  • The terms used herein have their ordinary meaning and the meaning of such terms is independent at each occurrence thereof. That notwithstanding and except where stated otherwise, the following definitions apply throughout the specification and claims. Chemical names, common names, and chemical structures may be used interchangeably to describe the same structure. If a chemical compound is referred to using both a chemical structure and a chemical name, and an ambiguity exists between the structure and the name, the structure predominates. These definitions apply regardless of whether a term is used by itself or in combination with other terms, unless otherwise indicated. Hence, the definition of "alkyl" applies to "alkyl" as well as the "alkyl" portions of "hydroxyalkyl," "fluoroalkyl," "-O-alkyl," etc.
  • As used herein, and throughout this disclosure, the following terms, unless otherwise indicated, shall be understood to have the following meanings:
  • A "patient" is a human or non-human mammal. In one embodiment, a patient is a human. In another embodiment, a patient is a chimpanzee.
  • The term "therapeutically effective amount" as used herein, refers to an amount of the compound of Formula (I) and/or an additional therapeutic agent, or a composition thereof that is effective in producing the desired therapeutic, ameliorative, inhibitory or preventative effect when administered to a patient suffering from a disease or condition mediated by Syk. In the combination therapies of the present invention, a therapeutically effective amount can refer to each individual agent or to the combination as a whole, wherein the amounts of all agents administered are together effective, but wherein the component agent of the combination may not be present individually in an effective amount.
  • The term "preventing," as used herein with respect to cancer or an inflammatory disease or disorder, refers to reducing the likelihood of cancer pain or an inflammatory disease or disorder.
  • The term "alkyl," as used herein, refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having one of its hydrogen atoms replaced with a bond having the specified number of carbon atoms. In different embodiments, an alkyl group contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-C6 alkyl) or from 1 to 3 carbon atoms (C1-C3 alkyl). Examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl and neohexyl. In one embodiment, an alkyl group is linear. In another embodiment, an alkyl group is branched.
  • The term "alkenyl," as used herein, refers to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond and having one of its hydrogen atoms replaced with a bond. An alkenyl group may be straight or branched and contain from about 2 to about 15 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, an alkenyl group contains from about 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, n-butenyl, 3-methylbut-2-enyl, n-pentenyl, octenyl and decenyl. The term "C2-C6 alkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Unless otherwise indicated, an alkenyl group is unsubstituted.
  • The term "fluoroalkyl," as used herein, refers to an alkyl group as defined above, wherein one or more of the alkyl group's hydrogen atoms has been replaced with a fluorine. In one embodiment, a fluoroalkyl group has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, a fluoroalkyl group has from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, a fluoroalkyl group is substituted with from 1 to 3 F atoms. Examples of fluoroalkyl groups include -CH2F, -CHF2, and -CF3. The term "C1-C3 fluoroalkyl" refers to a fluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • The term "alkoxy" as used herein, refers to an -O-alkyl group, wherein an alkyl group is as defined above. Examples of alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy and t-butoxy. An alkoxy group is bonded via its oxygen atom to the rest of the molecule.
  • The term "aryl," as used herein, refers to an aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising from about 6 to about 14 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, an aryl group contains from about 6 to 10 carbon atoms (C6-C10 aryl). In another embodiment an aryl group is phenyl. Examples of aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl.
  • The term "carbocycle," as used herein, refers to a fully saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising comprising from about 3 to 12 carbon atoms. In one embodiment, the carbocyclic group contains from 4 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of carbocyclic groups include cycloalkyl groups, as defined herein. In specific embodiments, the carbocylic groups are selected from cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 2,3-dihydroindenyl, tetrahydronapthyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, and spiro[3.5]nonyl.
  • The term "cycloalkyl," as used herein, refers to a saturated ring containing the specified number of ring carbon atoms, and no heteroatom. In a like manner the term "C3-C6 cycloalkyl" refers to a saturated ring ring having from 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms. Examples of monocyclic cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
  • The term "halo," as used herein, means -F, -Cl, -Br or -I. In one embodiment, a halo group is -F or -Cl. In another embodiment, a halo group is -F.
  • The term "heteroaryl," as used herein, refers to an aromatic monocyclic or multicyclic ring system comprising about 5 to about 14 ring atoms, wherein from 1 to 3 of the ring atoms is independently N, O, or S and the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms. In one embodiment, a heteroaryl group has 5 to 10 ring atoms. In another embodiment, a heteroaryl group is monocyclic ring system and has 5 or 6 ring atoms. In another embodiment, a heteroaryl group is a bicyclic ring system. A heteroaryl group is joined via a ring carbon atom. The term "heteroaryl" also includes a heteroaryl as defined above fused to a heterocycle as defined below. The term "heteroaryl" also encompasses a heteroaryl group, as defined above, which is fused to a benzene, a cyclohexadiene or a cyclohexene ring. Examples of heteroaryls include pyridyl, pyrazinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridone (including N-substituted pyridones), isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, triazolyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, indolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, oxindolyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl. In one embodiment, a heteroaryl group is a 5-membered heteroaryl. In another embodiment, a heteroaryl group is a 6-membered heteroaryl.
  • The term "heterocyclyl" or "heterocycle"," as used herein, refers to a nonaromatic saturated or partially saturated monocyclic or multicyclic ring system containing 3 to 11 ring atoms, wherein from 1 to 4 of the ring atoms are independently O, S, or N, and the remainder of the ring atoms are carbon atoms. In one embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has from 3 to 7 ring atoms. In another embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has from about 4 to 7 ring atoms. In another embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is bicyclic and has from 7 to 11 ring atoms. In still another embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic and has 5 or 6 ring atoms. In one embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is monocyclic. In another embodiment, a heterocyclyl group is bicyclic. A heterocyclyl group can be joined to the rest of the molecule via a ring carbon or ring nitrogen atom. The nitrogen or sulfur atom of the heterocyclyl can be optionally oxidized to the corresponding N-oxide, S-oxide or S,S-dioxide. Examples of monocyclic heterocyclyl rings include oxetanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, dihydropyranyl, pyran, 1,4-dioxanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, delta-lactam, delta-lactone.
  • The term "substituted" means that one or more hydrogens on the atoms of the designated are replaced with a selection from the indicated group, provided that the atoms' normal valencies under the existing circumstances are not exceeded, and that the substitution results in a stable compound. Combinations of substituents and/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds. By "stable compound' or "stable structure" is meant a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent.
  • When any substituent or variable occurs more than one time in any constituent or the compound of Formula (I), its definition on each occurrence is independent of its definition at every other occurrence, unless otherwise indicated. For example, description of radicals which include the expression "-N(C1-C3 alkyl)2" means -N(CH3)(CH2CH3), -N(CH3)(CH2CH2CH3), and -N(CH2CH3)(CH2CH2CH3), as well as -N(CH3)2, -N(CH2CH3)2, and -N(CH2CH2CH3)2.
  • The term "in purified form," as used herein, refers to the physical state of a compound after the compound is isolated from a synthetic process (e.g., from a reaction mixture), a natural source, or a combination thereof. The term "in purified form," also refers to the physical state of a compound after the compound is obtained from a purification process or processes described herein or well-known to the skilled artisan (e.g., chromatography, recrystallization and the like), in sufficient purity to be characterizable by standard analytical techniques described herein or well-known to the skilled artisan.
  • It should also be noted that any carbon as well as heteroatom with unsatisfied valences in the text, schemes, examples and tables herein is assumed to have the sufficient number of hydrogen atom(s) to satisfy the valences.
  • One or more compounds of the invention may exist in unsolvated as well as solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol, and the like, and it is intended that the invention embrace both solvated and unsolvated forms. "Solvate" means a physical association of a compound of this invention with one or more solvent molecules. This physical association involves varying degrees of ionic and covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. "Solvate" encompasses both solution-phase and isolatable solvates. Examples of suitable solvates include ethanolates, methanolates, . "Hydrate" is a solvate wherein the solvent molecule is H2O.
  • The compounds of Formula (I) may contain one or more stereogenic centers and can thus occur as racemates, racemic mixtures, single enantiomers, diastereomeric mixtures and individual diastereomers. Additional asymmetric centers may be present depending upon the nature of the various substituents on the molecule. Each such asymmetric center will independently produce two optical isomers and it is intended that all of the possible optical isomers and diastereomers in mixtures and as pure or partially purified compounds are included within the ambit of this invention. Any formulas, structures or names of compounds described in this specification that do not specify a particular stereochemistry are meant to encompass any and all existing isomers as described above and mixtures thereof in any proportion. When stereochemistry is specified, the invention is meant to encompass that particular isomer in pure form or as part of a mixture with other isomers in any proportion.
  • Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods well known to those skilled in the art, such as, for example, by chromatography and/or fractional crystallization. Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixture into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., chiral auxiliary such as a chiral alcohol or Mosher's acid chloride), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers. Also, some of the compounds of Formula (I) may be atropisomers (e.g., substituted biaryls) and are considered as part of this invention. Enantiomers can also be separated by use of chiral HPLC column.
  • It is also possible that the compounds of Formula (I) may exist in different tautomeric forms, and all such forms are embraced within the scope of the invention.
  • All stereoisomers (for example, geometric isomers, optical isomers and the like) of the present compounds (including those of the salts and solvates of the compounds), such as those which may exist due to asymmetric carbons on various substituents, including enantiomeric forms (which may exist even in the absence of asymmetric carbons), rotameric forms, atropisomers, and diastereomeric forms, are contemplated within the scope of this invention. Individual stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention may, for example, be substantially free of other isomers, or may be admixed, for example, as racemates or with all other, or other selected, stereoisomers. The chiral centers of the present invention can have the S or R configuration as defined by the IUPAC 1974 Recommendations.
  • The compounds of Formula (I) can form salts which are also within the scope of this invention. Reference to a compound of Formula (I) herein is understood to include reference to salts thereof, unless otherwise indicated. The term "salt(s)", as employed herein, denotes acidic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic acids, as well as basic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic bases. In addition, when a compound of Formula (I) contains both a basic moiety, such as, a pyridine or imidazole, and an acidic moiety, such as a carboxylic acid, zwitterions ("inner salts") may be formed and are included within the term "salt(s)" as used herein. Such acidic and basic salts used within the scope of the invention are pharmaceutically acceptable (i.e., non-toxic, physiologically acceptable) salts. Salts of the compounds of Formula (I) may be formed, for example, by reacting a compound of Formula (I) with an amount of acid or base, such as an equivalent amount, in a medium such as one in which the salt precipitates or in an aqueous medium followed by lyophilization.
  • Exemplary acid addition salts include acetates, ascorbates, benzoates, benzenesulfonates, bisulfates, borates, butyrates, citrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, fumarates, hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, hydroiodides, lactates, maleates, methanesulfonates, naphthalenesulfonates, nitrates, oxalates, phosphates, propionates, salicylates, succinates, sulfates, tartarates, thiocyanates, toluenesulfonates (also known as tosylates,), 1-hydroxy -2-naphthoates (also known as xinafoates). Additionally, acids which are generally considered suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically useful salts from basic pharmaceutical compounds are discussed, for example, by P. Stahl et al, Camille G. (eds.) Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts. Properties, Selection and Use. (2002) Zurich: Wiley-VCH; S. Berge et al, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (1977) 66(1) 1-19; P. Gould, International J. of Pharmaceutics (1986) 33 201-217; Anderson et al, The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry (1996), Academic Press, New York; and in The Orange Book (Food & Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. on their website).
  • Exemplary basic salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium, lithium, and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts, salts with organic bases (for example, organic amines) such as dicyclohexylamines, t-butyl amines, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine . Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quarternized with agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g., methyl, ethyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g., dimethyl, diethyl, and dibutyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g., decyl, lauryl, and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), aralkyl halides (e.g., benzyl and phenethyl bromides), and others.
  • The present invention further includes the compounds of Formula (I) in all their isolated forms. For example, the above-identified compounds are intended to encompass all forms of the compounds such as, any solvates, hydrates, stereoisomers, and tautomers thereof.
  • As used herein, the term "composition" is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • In the compounds of generic Formula (I), the atoms may exhibit their natural isotopic abundances, or one or more of the atoms may be artificially enriched in a particular isotope having the same atomic number, but an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number predominantly found in nature. The present invention is meant to include all suitable isotopic variations of the compounds of generic Formula (I). For example, different isotopic forms of hydrogen (H) include protium (1H) and deuterium (2H). Protium is the predominant hydrogen isotope found in nature. Enriching for deuterium may afford certain therapeutic advantages, such as increasing in vivo half-life or reducing dosage requirements, or may provide a compound useful as a standard for characterization of biological samples. Isotopically-enriched compounds within generic Formula (I) can be prepared without undue experimentation by conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described in the examples herein using appropriate isotopically-enriched reagents and/or intermediates.
    • Compounds of the Invention
  • The present invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, ring B and the subscript r are as set forth below. Described below are embodiments of the compound of Formula (I).
  • In embodiment no. 1, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I),
    Figure imgb0001
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
    • ring B is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl or heterocyclyl ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S;
    • R1 is selected from the group consisting of:
      1. (a) H;
      2. (b) C1-C3 alkyl;
      3. (c) C1-C3 fluoroalkyl;
      4. (d) C1-C3 alkoxy; and
      5. (e) C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
    • R2 is selected from the group consisting of H and halo;
    • R3 is selected from the group consisting of
      1. (a) H;
      2. (b) C1-C3 alkyl;
      3. (c) C1-C3 alkoxy; and
      4. (d) halo; or
      two R3 when substituted on a common carbon atom together with the carbon atom form a carbonyl
    • R4 is selected from the group consisting of:
      1. (i)
        Figure imgb0002
      2. (ii)
        Figure imgb0003
         and
      3. (iii)
        Figure imgb0004
    • ring Cy is a mono- or bicyclic carbocyclic ring system containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
    • ring CA is phenyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
    • R5 is -C(O)ORA or -C(O)NH2;
    • R6 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo;
    • R7 is H or C1-C3 alkyl;
    • R8 is H or F;
    • the subscript r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
    • the subscript s is 0 or 1;
    • the subscript t is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;
    • RA is independently selected from the group consisting of:
      1. (a) H;
      2. (b) C1-C8 alkyl;
      3. (c) a group of the formula -M-RCH, wherein
        • M is a bond or -(CH2)n1-, wherein the subscript n1 is 1 or 2;
        • RCH is (a) aryl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 groups independently selected from halo, C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C4 alkoxy; or (b) a 5- to 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N and O, wherein said heterocycle of RCH is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups independently selected from the group consisting of oxo and C1-3 alkyl;
      4. (d) a group of the formula -(CH2)n1-Rm or -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-Rm wherein Rm is -CO2Rm1, -C(0ON(Rm2)2, or -O(CO)Pm1;
        • Rm1 is C1-C4 alkyl; and
        • Rm2 is H or C1-C4 alkyl;
      5. (e) a group of the formula -(CH2)2-Rn,
        Rn is -OH, -O-(C1-C4 alkyl), -O-(CH2)2-O-(C1-C4 alkyl), -NH2, -N(H)(C1-C4 alkyl) or -N(C1-C4 alkyl)2;
      6. (f) a group of the formula
        Figure imgb0005
         wherein Ro is H or C1-C4 alkyl; and
        Rp is C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or phenyl; and,
      7. (g) a group of the formula
        Figure imgb0006
         wherein Ro and Rp are as set forth above.
  • In embodiment no. 2, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, -CF3, and -CF2; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 3, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R1 is -CF3 or -CF2, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 4, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R2 is H, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 5, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R3 is H or methyl; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 6, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R1 is as set forth in embodiment no. 3, R2 is H, R3 is as set forth in embodiment no. 5, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 7, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein ring B is selected from the group consisting of indole, quinoline, indazole, benzimidazole, and 3,4-dihydro-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine; and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 8, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein the moiety in Formula (I)
    Figure imgb0007
     is selected from the group consisting of:
    Figure imgb0008
    Figure imgb0009
    Figure imgb0010
     and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 9, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is
    Figure imgb0011
     and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 10, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9, Cy is cyclobutyl or cyclohexyl, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 11, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9;
    • Cy is cyclohexyl;
    • R5 is -C(O)ORA;
    • R6 is methyl;
    • the subscript s is 1;
    • the subscript t is 0, 1, or 2; and
    the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 12, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 9, Cy is cyclobutyl, the subscripts s and t are both 0, and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 13, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is
    Figure imgb0012
     and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 14, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R4 is as set forth in embodiment no. 13;
    • CA is cyclohexyl;
    • R5 is -C(O)ORA;
    • R7 is H or methyl;
    • the subscript s is 1;
    • the subscript t is 0, 1, or 2; and
    and the remaining variables are as set forth in embodiment no. 1.
  • In embodiment no. 15, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) wherein R1 is as set forth in embodiment no. 3, R2 is H, R3 is as set forth in embodiment no. 5, the moiety in Formula (I)
    Figure imgb0013
     is as set forth in embodiment no. 8, and R4 is as set forth in embodiment nos. 10, 11, or 14.
  • In embodiment no. 16, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) as described by any one of embodiments nos. 1-10 and 13, wherein R5 is -C(O)ORA.
  • In embodiment no. 17, the invention provides a compound of the Formula (I) as described by any one of embodiments nos. 1-10 and 13, wherein R5 is -C(O)OH.
  • In embodiment no. 21, the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of:
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 1-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclobutanol;
    • 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(1-methyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis) 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis)-4-(5-(5-((4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis)-4-(5-(6-((4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 8-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • 8-[2-(2,2-difluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6- {[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • 4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one;
    • 2,2-dimethyl-8-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • ethyl (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate;
    • (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl} -2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; and
    • (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • In embodiment no. 22, the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of:
    • (trans)-4-((R)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 1-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclobutanol;
    • (1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(1-methyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(1-methyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((R)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis) 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis) 4-(5-(5-((4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (cis)-4-(5-(6-((4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • 8-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • 8-[2-(2,2-difluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • 4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one;
    • 2,2-dimethyl-8-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    • ethyl (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate;
    • (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((R)-1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((S)-1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    • (trans)-4-((R)-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; and
    • (trans)-4-((S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • The invention also provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in purified form.
    • Uses of the Compounds
  • Compounds of Formula (I) or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds can be used to treat or prevent a variety of conditions or diseases mediated by Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Such conditions and diseases include: (1) arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and osteoarthritis; (2) asthma and other obstructive airways diseases, including chronic asthma, late asthma, severe asthma, asthma exacerbations, airway hyper-responsiveness, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, allergic asthma, intrinsic asthma, extrinsic asthma, dust asthma, adult respiratory distress syndrome, recurrent airway obstruction, and chronic obstruction pulmonary disease including emphysema; (3) autoimmune diseases or disorders, including those designated as single organ or single cell-type autoimmune disorders, for example Hashimoto's thyroiditis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune atrophic gastritis of pernicious anemia, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, autoimmune orchitis, Goodpasture's disease, autoimmune thrombocytopenia including idiopathic thrombopenic purpura, sympathetic ophthalmia, myasthenia gravis, Graves' disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, chronic aggressive hepatitis, ulcerative colitis and membranous glomerulopathy, those designated as involving systemic autoimmune disorder, for example systemic lupus erythematosis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, Reiter's syndrome, polymyositis-dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, polyarteritis nodosa, multiple sclerosis and bullous pemphigoid, and additional autoimmune diseases, which can be B-cell (humoral) based or T-cell based, including Cogan's syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, autoimmune alopecia, Type I or juvenile onset diabetes, and thyroiditis; (4) cancers or tumors, including alimentary/gastrointestinal tract cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, skin cancer including mast cell tumor and squamous cell carcinoma, breast and mammary cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lymphoma and leukemia (including acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, NHL B cell lymphomas (e.g., precursor B-ALL, marginal zone B cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma), Hodgkin lymphoma, NK and T cell lymphomas; TEL-Syk and ITK-Syk fusion driven tumors) myelomas including multiple myeloma, myeloproliferative disorders kidney cancer, lung cancer, muscle cancer, bone cancer, bladder cancer, brain cancer, melanoma including oral and metastatic melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and angiogenic-associated disorders including solid tumors, and pancreatic cancer; (5) diabetes, including Type I diabetes and complications from diabetes; (6) eye diseases, disorders or conditions including autoimmune diseases of the eye, keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, uveitis including uveitis associated with Behcet's disease and lens-induced uveitis, keratitis, herpetic keratitis, conical keratitis, corneal epithelial dystrophy, keratoleukoma, ocular premphigus, Mooren's ulcer, scleritis, Grave's ophthalmopathy, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye), phlyctenule, iridocyclitis, sarcoidosis, endocrine ophthalmopathy, sympathetic ophthalmitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and ocular neovascularization; (7) intestinal inflammations, allergies or conditions including Crohn's disease and/or ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac diseases, proctitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis, and mastocytosis; (8) neurodegenerative diseases including motor neuron disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, cerebral ischemia, or neurodegenerative disease caused by traumatic injury, strike, glutamate neurotoxicity or hypoxia; ischemic/ reperfusion injury in stroke, myocardial ischemica, renal ischemia, heart attacks, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, organ hypoxia; (9) platelet aggregation and diseases associated with or caused by platelet activation, such as arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia and restenosis following vascular injury; (10) conditions associated with cardiovascular diseases, including restenosis, acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, refractory angina, occlusive coronary thrombus occurring post-thrombolytic therapy or post-coronary angioplasty, a thrombotically mediated cerebrovascular syndrome, embolic stroke, thrombotic stroke, transient ischemic attacks, venous thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolus, coagulopathy, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, thromboangiitis obliterans, thrombotic disease associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, thrombotic complications associated with extracorporeal circulation, thrombotic complications associated with instrumentation such as cardiac or other intravascular catheterization, intra-aortic balloon pump, coronary stent or cardiac valve, conditions requiring the fitting of prosthetic devices; (11) skin diseases, conditions or disorders including atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, scleroderma, pruritus and other pruritic conditions; (12) allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, allergic urticaria, angio edema, allergic asthma, or allergic reaction to insect bites, food, drugs, or pollen; (13) transplant rejection, including pancreas islet transplant rejection, bone marrow transplant rejection, graft- versus-host disease, organ and cell transplant rejection such as bone marrow, cartilage, cornea, heart, intervertebral disc, islet, kidney, limb, liver, lung, muscle, myoblast, nerve, pancreas, skin, small intestine, or trachea, and xeno transplantation; (14) low grade scarring including scleroderma, increased fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, keloids, post-surgical scars, pulmonary fibrosis, vascular spasms, migraine, reperfusion injury, and post-myocardial infarction.
  • The invention thus provides compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for use in therapy, and particularly in the treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by inappropriate Syk activity. The inappropriate Syk activity referred to herein is any Syk activity that deviates from the normal Syk activity expected in a particular patient. Inappropriate Syk activity may take the form of, for instance, an abnormal increase in activity, or an aberration in the timing and or control of Syk activity. Such inappropriate activity may result then, for example, from overexpression or mutation of the protein kinase leading to inappropriate or uncontrolled activation.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention is directed to uses of regulating, modulating, or inhibiting Syk for the prevention and/or treatment of disorders related to unregulated Syk activity.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof for use in the treatment of a patient suffering from a disorder mediated by Syk activity. In a further embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of a compound of Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a physiologically functional derivative thereof, in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a disorder mediated by Syk activity.
  • In a further embodiment said disorder mediated by Syk activity is asthma. In a further embodiment said disorder is rheumatoid arthritis. In yet another embodiment, said disorder is cancer. In a further embodiment said disorder is ocular conjunctivitis.
  • Yet another aspect of the present invention provides compounds for use in a method for treating diseases caused by or associated with Fc receptor signaling cascades, including FceRI and/or FcgRI-mediated degranulation as a therapeutic approach towards the treatment or prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by and/or associated with the release or synthesis of chemical mediators of such Fc receptor signaling cascades or degranulation. In addition, Syk is known to play a critical role in immunotyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling, B cell receptor signaling, T cell receptor signaling and is an essential component of integrin beta (1), beta (2), and beta (3) signaling in neutrophils. Thus, compounds of the present invention can be used to regulate Fc receptor, ITAM, B cell receptor and integrin signaling cascades, as well as the cellular responses elicited through these signaling cascades. Non-limiting examples of cellular responses that may be regulated or inhibited include respiratory burst, cellular adhesion, cellular degranulation, cell spreading, cell migration, phagocytosis, calcium ion flux, platelet aggregation and cell maturation.
    • Compositions and Administration
  • While it is possible that, for use in therapy, a compound of Formula (I), as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, may be administered as the raw chemical, it is possible to present the active ingredient as a pharmaceutical composition. Accordingly, the invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises a compound of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The compounds of the Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are as described above. The carriers must be acceptable in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof. In accordance with another aspect of the invention there is also provided a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition including admixing a compound of the Formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be presented in unit dose forms containing a predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose. Such a unit may contain, for example, 5 µg to 1 g, preferably 1 mg to 700 mg, more preferably 5 mg to 100 mg of a compound of the Formula (I), depending on the condition being treated, the route of administration and the age, weight and condition of the patient. Such unit doses may therefore be administered more than once a day. Preferred unit dosage compositions are those containing a daily dose or sub-dose (for administration more than once a day), as herein above recited, or an appropriate fraction thereof, of an active ingredient. Furthermore, such pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the pharmacy art.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be adapted for administration by any appropriate route, for example by the oral (including buccal or sublingual), rectal, topical, inhaled, nasal, ocular, or parenteral (including intravenous and intramuscular) route. Such compositions may be prepared by any method known in the art of pharmacy, for example by bringing into association the active ingredient with the carrier(s) or excipient(s). Dosage forms include tablets, troches, dispersions, suspensions, solutions, capsules, creams, ointments, aerosols.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the oral route, for use in treating, for example, rheumatoid arthritis.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the nasal route, for use in treating, for example, allergic rhinitis.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the inhaled route, for use in treating, for example, asthma, COPD or ARDS.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the ocular route, for use in treating, diseases of the eye, for example, conjunctivitis.
  • In a further embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition adapted for administration by the parenteral (including intravenous) route, for use in treating, for example, cancer.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention which are adapted for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets; powders or granules; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or whips; or oil-in-water liquid emulsions or water-in-oil liquid emulsions.
  • For instance, for oral administration in the form of a tablet or capsule, the active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, glycerol, water. Powders are prepared by comminuting the compound to a suitable fine size and mixing with a similarly comminuted pharmaceutical carrier such as an edible carbohydrate, as, for example, starch or mannitol. Flavoring, preservative, dispersing and coloring agent can also be present.
  • Capsules are made by preparing a powder mixture, as described above, and filling formed gelatin sheaths. Glidants and lubricants such as colloidal silica, talc, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or solid polyethylene glycol can be added to the powder mixture before the filling operation. A disintegrating or solubilizing agent such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate can also be added to improve the availability of the medicament when the capsule is ingested.
  • Moreover, when desired or necessary, suitable binders, lubricants, disintegrating agents and coloring agents can also be incorporated into the mixture. Suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose, corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes. Lubricants used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride . Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, bentonite, xanthan gum. Tablets are formulated, for example, by preparing a powder mixture, granulating or slugging, adding a lubricant and disintegrant and pressing into tablets. A powder mixture is prepared by mixing the compound, suitably comminuted, with a diluent or base as described above, and optionally, with a binder such as carboxymethylcellulose, an aliginate, gelatin, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a solution retardant such as paraffin, a resorption accelerator such as a quaternary salt and/or an absorption agent such as bentonite, kaolin or dicalcium phosphate. The powder mixture can be granulated by wetting with a binder such as syrup, starch paste, acadia mucilage or solutions of cellulosic or polymeric materials and forcing through a screen. As an alternative to granulating, the powder mixture can be run through the tablet machine and the result is imperfectly formed slugs broken into granules. The granules can be lubricated to prevent sticking to the tablet forming dies by means of the addition of stearic acid, a stearate salt, talc or mineral oil. The lubricated mixture is then compressed into tablets. The compounds of the present invention can also be combined with a free flowing inert carrier and compressed into tablets directly without going through the granulating or slugging steps. A clear or opaque protective coating consisting of a sealing coat of shellac, a coating of sugar or polymeric material and a polish coating of wax can be provided. Dyestuffs can be added to these coatings to distinguish different unit dosages.
  • Oral fluids such as solution, syrups and elixirs can be prepared in dosage unit form so that a given quantity contains a predetermined amount of the compound. Syrups can be prepared by dissolving the compound in a suitably flavored aqueous solution, while elixirs are prepared through the use of a non-toxic alcoholic vehicle. Suspensions can be formulated by dispersing the compound in a non-toxic vehicle. Solubilizers and emulsifiers such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols and polyoxy ethylene sorbitol ethers, preservatives, flavor additive such as peppermint oil or natural sweeteners or saccharin or other artificial sweeteners, can also be added.
  • Where appropriate, dosage unit compositions for oral administration can be microencapsulated. The formulation can also be prepared to prolong or sustain the release, for example, by coating or embedding particulate material in polymers, wax.
  • The compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles. Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine or phosphatidylcholines.
  • The compounds of Formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may also be delivered by the use of monoclonal antibodies as individual carriers to which the compound molecules are coupled. The compounds may also be coupled with soluble polymers as targetable drug carriers. Such polymers can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide-phenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol, or polyethyleneoxidepolylysine substituted with palmitoyl residues. Furthermore, the compounds may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polyepsilon caprolactone, polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans, polycyanoacrylates and cross-linked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.
  • Dosage forms for inhaled administration may conveniently be formulated as aerosols or dry powders.
  • For compositions suitable and/or adapted for inhaled administration, it is preferred that the compound or salt of Formula (I) is in a particle-size-reduced form, and more preferably the size-reduced form is obtained or obtainable by micronisation. The preferable particle size of the size-reduced (e.g., micronised) compound or salt or solvate is defined by a D50 value of about 0.5 to about 10 microns (for example as measured using laser diffraction).
  • Aerosol formulations, e.g., for inhaled administration, can comprise a solution or fine suspension of the active substance in a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous or non-aqueous solvent. Aerosol formulations can be presented in single or multidose quantities in sterile form in a sealed container, which can take the form of a cartridge or refill for use with an atomising device or inhaler. Alternatively the sealed container may be a unitary dispensing device such as a single dose nasal inhaler or an aerosol dispenser fitted with a metering valve (metered dose inhaler) which is intended for disposal once the contents of the container have been exhausted.
  • Where the dosage form comprises an aerosol dispenser, it preferably contains a suitable propellant under pressure such as compressed air, carbon dioxide or an organic propellant such as a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). Suitable HFC propellants include 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. The aerosol dosage forms can also take the form of a pump-atomiser. The pressurised aerosol may contain a solution or a suspension of the active compound. This may require the incorporation of additional excipients e.g., co-solvents and/or surfactants to improve the dispersion characteristics and homogeneity of suspension formulations. Solution formulations may also require the addition of co-solvents such as ethanol. Other excipient modifiers may also be incorporated to improve, for example, the stability and/or taste and/or fine particle mass characteristics (amount and/or profile) of the formulation.
  • For pharmaceutical compositions suitable and/or adapted for inhaled administration, it is preferred that the pharmaceutical composition is a dry powder inhalable composition. Such a composition can comprise a powder base such as lactose, glucose, trehalose, mannitol or starch, the compound of Formula (I) or salt or solvate thereof (preferably in particle-size-reduced form, e.g., in micronised form), and optionally a performance modifier such as L-leucine or another amino acid, and/or metals salts of stearic acid such as magnesium or calcium stearate. Preferably, the dry powder inhalable composition comprises a dry powder blend of lactose and the compound of Formula (I) or salt thereof. The lactose is preferably lactose hydrate e.g., lactose monohydrate and/or is preferably inhalation-grade and/or fine-grade lactose. Preferably, the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more (by weight or by volume) of the lactose particles being less than 1000 microns (micrometres) (e.g., 10-1000 microns e.g., 30-1000 microns) in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 500 microns (e.g., 10-500 microns) in diameter. More preferably, the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more of the lactose particles being less than 300 microns (e.g., 10-300 microns e.g., 50-300 microns) in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 100 microns in diameter. Optionally, the particle size of the lactose is defined by 90% or more of the lactose particles being less than 100-200 microns in diameter, and/or 50% or more of the lactose particles being less than 40-70 microns in diameter. It is preferable that about 3 to about 30% (e.g., about 10%) (by weight or by volume) of the particles are less than 50 microns or less than 20 microns in diameter. For example, without limitation, a suitable inhalation-grade lactose is E9334 lactose (10% fines) (Borculo Domo Ingredients, Hanzeplein 25, 8017 J D Zwolle, Netherlands).
  • Optionally, in particular for dry powder inhalable compositions, a pharmaceutical composition for inhaled administration can be incorporated into a plurality of sealed dose containers (e.g., containing the dry powder composition) mounted longitudinally in a strip or ribbon inside a suitable inhalation device. The container is rupturable or peel-openable on demand and the dose of e.g., the dry powder composition can be administered by inhalation via the device such as the DISKUS® device (GlaxoSmithKline). Other dry powder inhalers are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and many such devices are commercially available, with representative devices including Aerolizer® (Novartis), Airmax™ (IVAX), ClickHaler® (Innovata Biomed), Diskhaler® (GlaxoSmithKline), Accuhaler (GlaxoSmithKline), Easyhaler® (Orion Pharma), Eclipse™ (Aventis), FlowCaps® (Hovione), Handihaler® (Boehringer Ingelheim), Pulvinal® (Chiesi), Rotahaler® (GlaxoSmithKline), SkyeHaler™ or Certihaler™ (SkyePharma), Twisthaler (Schering Corporation), Turbuhaler® (AstraZeneca), Ultrahaler® (Aventis).
  • Dosage forms for ocular administration may be formulated as solutions or suspensions with excipients suitable for ophthalmic use.
  • Dosage forms for nasal administration may conveniently be formulated as aerosols, solutions, drops, gels or dry powders.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions adapted for administration by inhalation include fine particle dusts or mists, which may be generated by means of various types of metered, dose pressurised aerosols, nebulizers or insufflators.
  • For pharmaceutical compositions suitable and/or adapted for intranasal administration, the compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof may be formulated as a fluid formulation for delivery from a fluid dispenser. Such fluid dispensers may have, for example, a dispensing nozzle or dispensing orifice through which a metered dose of the fluid formulation is dispensed upon the application of a user-applied force to a pump mechanism of the fluid dispenser. Such fluid dispensers are generally provided with a reservoir of multiple metered doses of the fluid formulation, the doses being dispensable upon sequential pump actuations. The dispensing nozzle or orifice may be configured for insertion into the nostrils of the user for spray dispensing of the fluid formulation into the nasal cavity. A fluid dispenser of the aforementioned type is described and illustrated in WO-A-2005/044354 . The dispenser has a housing which houses a fluid discharge device having a compression pump mounted on a container for containing a fluid formulation. The housing has at least one finger-operable side lever which is movable inwardly with respect to the housing to cam the container upwardly in the housing to cause the pump to compress and pump a metered dose of the formulation out of a pump stem through a nasal nozzle of the housing. A particularly preferred fluid dispenser is of the general type illustrated in FIGS. 30-40 of WO-A-2005/044354 .
  • The following are examples of representative pharmaceutical dosage forms for the compounds of this invention:
    Injectable Suspension (I.M.) mg/mL
    Compound of Formula (I) 10
    Methylcellulose 5.0
    Tween 80 0.5
    Benzyl alcohol 9.0
    Benzalkonium chloride 1.0
    Water for injection to a total volume of 1 mL
    Tablet mg/tablet
    Compound of Formula (I) 25
    Microcrystalline Cellulose 415
    Providone 14.0
    Pregelatinized Starch 43.5
    Magnesium Stearate 2.5
    500
    Capsule mg/capsule
    Compound of Formula (I) 25
    Lactose Powder 573.5
    Magnesium Stearate 1.5
    600
    Aerosol Per canister
    Compound of Formula (I) 24 mg
    Lecithin, NF Liquid Concentrate 1.2 mg
    Trichlorofluoromethane, NF 4.025 gm
    Dichlorodifluoromethane, NF 12.15 gm
  • It will be appreciated that when the compound of the present invention is administered in combination with other therapeutic agents normally administered by the inhaled, intravenous, oral or intranasal route, that the resultant pharmaceutical composition may be administered by the same routes.
  • It should be understood that in addition to the ingredients particularly mentioned above, the compositions may include other agents conventional in the art having regard to the type of formulation in question, for example those suitable for oral administration may include flavouring agents.
  • A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention will depend upon a number of factors including, for example, the age and weight of the animal, the precise condition requiring treatment and its severity, the nature of the formulation, and the route of administration, and will ultimately be at the discretion of the attendant physician or veterinarian. However, an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) for the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with inappropriate Syk activity, will generally be in the range of 5 µg to 100 mg/kg body weight of recipient (patient) per day and more usually in the range of 5 µg to 10 mg/kg body weight per day. This amount may be given in a single dose per day or more usually in a number (such as two, three, four, five or six) of sub-doses per day such that the total daily dose is the same. An effective amount of a salt or solvate, thereof, may be determined as a proportion of the effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) per se.
  • The compositions of the invention can further comprise one or more additional therapeutic agents, as discussed in further detail below. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention provides compositions comprising: (i) a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (ii) one or more additional therapeutic agents, that are not compounds of Formula (I); and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the amounts in the composition are together effective to treat one of the disease or conditions discussed above.
    • Combination Therapy
  • The compounds of Formula (I) or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be used in combination, either in a single formulation or co-administered as separate formulations with at least one additional therapeutic agent to treat or prevent the diseases and conditions described herein. For the treatment of the inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, COPD, asthma and allergic rhinititis, these additional therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to: (1) TNF-α inhibitors such as infliximab (Remicade®), etanercept (Enbrel®), adalimumab (Humira®), certolizumab pegol (Cimzia®), and golimumab (Simponi®); (2) non-selective COX-I/COX-2 inhibitors (such as piroxicam, diclofenac, propionic acids such as naproxen, flubiprofen, fenoprofen, ketoprofen and ibuprofen, fenamates such as mefenamic acid, indomethacin, sulindac, etodolac, azapropazone, pyrazolones such as phenylbutazone, salicylates such as aspirin); (3) COX-2 inhibitors (such as meloxicam, celecoxib, rofecoxib, valdecoxib and etoricoxib); (4) other agents for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis including methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, azathioprine, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, penicillamine, bucillamine, actarit, mizoribine, lobenzarit, ciclesonide, hydroxychloroquine, d-penicillamine, aurothiomalate, auranofin or parenteral or oral gold, cyclophosphamide, Lymphostat-B, BAFF/APRIL inhibitors and CTLA-4-Ig or mimetics thereof; (5) leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor or 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) antagonist such as zileuton; (6) LTD4 receptor antagonist such as zafirlukast, montelukast and pranlukast; (7) PDE4 inhibitor such as roflumilast, cilomilast, AWD-12-281 (Elbion), and PD-168787 (Pfizer); (8) antihistaminic HI receptor antagonists such as cetirizine, levocetirizine, loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, astemizole, azelastine, levocabastine, olopatidine, methapyrilene and chlorpheniramine; (9) α1 - and α2-adrenoceptor agonist vasoconstrictor sympathomimetic agent, such as propylhexedrine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, naphazoline hydrochloride, oxymetazoline hydrochloride, tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, xylometazoline hydrochloride, and ethylnorepinephrine hydrochloride; (10) anticholinergic agents such as ipratropium bromide, tiotropium bromide, oxitropium bromide, aclidinium bromide, glycopyrrolate, (R,R)-glycopyrrolate, pirenzepine, and telenzepine; (11) β-adrenoceptor agonists such as metaproterenol, isoproterenol, isoprenaline, albuterol, formoterol (particularly the fumarate salt), salmeterol (particularly the xinafoate salt), terbutaline, orciprenaline, bitolterol mesylate, fenoterol, and pirbuterol, or methylxanthanines including theophylline and aminophylline, sodium cromoglycate; (12) insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-1) mimetic; (13) glucocorticosteroids, especially inhaled glucocorticoid with reduced systemic side effects, such as prednisone, prednisolone, flunisolide, triamcinolone acetonide, beclomethasone dipropionate, budesonide, fluticasone propionate, ciclesonide and mometasone furoate; (14) kinase inhibitors such as inhibitors of the Janus Kinases (JAK 1 and/or JAK2 and/or JAK 3 and/or TYK2) such as tofacitinib (Pfizer), baricitinib (Incyte), VX-509 (Vertex), ASP-015K (Astellas), GLPG0634 (Galapagos), SB-1578 (SBIO), and AC-430 (Ambit Biosciences); p38 MAPK and IKK2; (15) B-cell targeting biologics such as rituximab (Rituxan®); (16) selective costimulation modulators such as abatacept (Orencia); (17) interleukin inhibitors, such as IL-1 inhibitor anakinra (Kineret) and IL-6 inhibitor tocilizumab (Actemra).
  • The present invention also provides for so-called "triple combination" therapy, comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with beta2-adrenoreceptor agonist and an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. Preferably this combination is for treatment and/or prophylaxis of asthma, COPD or allergic rhinitis. The beta2-adrenoreceptor agonist and/or the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid can be as described above and/or as described in WO 03/030939 A1 . Representative examples of such a "triple" combination are a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in combination with the components of Advair® (salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate), Symbicort® (budesonide and formoterol fumarate), or Dulera® (mometasone furoate and formoterol fumarate).
  • For the treatment of cancer a compound of Formula (I) may be combined with an one or more additional therapeutic agents which are anticancer agents. Examples of such agents can be found in Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology by V.T. Devita and S. Hellman (editors), 6th edition (February 15, 2001), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers. A person of ordinary skill in the art would be able to discern which combinations of agents would be useful based on the particular characteristics of the drugs and the cancer involved. Such anticancer agents include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) an estrogen receptor modulator such as diethylstibestral, tamoxifen, raloxifene, idoxifene, LY353381, LY117081, toremifene, fluoxymestero, and SH646; (2) other hormonal agents including aromatase inhibitors (e.g., aminoglutethimide, tetrazole anastrozole, letrozole and exemestane), luteinizing hormone release hormone (LHRH) analogues, ketoconazole, goserelin acetate, leuprolide, megestrol acetate and mifepristone; (3) an androgen receptor modulator such as finasteride and other 5α-reductase inhibitors, nilutamide, flutamide, bicalutamide, liarozole, and abiraterone acetate; (4) a retinoid receptor modulator such as bexarotene, tretinoin, 13-cis-retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, α-difluoromethylornithine, ILX23-7553, trans-N-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide, and N-4-carboxyphenyl retinamide; (5) an antiproliferative agent such as antisense RNA and DNA oligonucleotides such as G3139, ODN698, RVASKRAS, GEM231, and INX3001, and antimetabolites such as enocitabine, carmofur, tegafur, pentostatin, doxifluridine, trimetrexate, fludarabine, capecitabine, galocitabine, cytarabine ocfosfate, fosteabine sodium hydrate, raltitrexed, paltitrexid, emitefur, tiazofurin, decitabine, nolatrexed, pemetrexed, nelzarabine, 2'-deoxy-2'-methylidenecytidine, 2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine, N6-[4-deoxy-4-[N2-[2(E),4(E)-tetradecadienoyl] glycylamino]-L-glycero-B-L-manno-heptopyranosyl] adenine, aplidine, ecteinascidin, troxacitabine, aminopterin, 5-fluorouracil, floxuridine, methotrexate, leucovarin, hydroxyurea, thioguanine (6-TG), mercaptopurine (6-MP), cytarabine, pentostatin, fludarabine phosphate, cladribine (2-CDA), asparaginase, gemcitabine, alanosine, swainsonine, lometrexol, dexrazoxane, methioninase, and 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone; (6) a prenyl-protein transferase inhibitor including farnesyl-protein transferase (FPTase), geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type I (GGPTase-I), and geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type-II (GGPTase-II, also called Rab GGPTase); (7) an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor such as lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin and rosuvastatin; (8) an angiogenesis inhibitor such as inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase receptors Flt-1 (VEGFR1) and Flk-1/KDR (VEGFR2), inhibitors of epidermal-derived, fibroblast-derived, or platelet derived growth factors, MMP (matrix metalloprotease) inhibitors, integrin blockers, interferon-α, interleukin-12, erythropoietin (epoietin- α), granulocyte-CSF (filgrastin), granulocyte, macrophage-CSF (sargramostim), pentosan polysulfate, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, steroidal anti-inflammatories, carboxyamidotriazole, combretastatin A-4, squalamine, 6-O-chloroacetyl-carbonyl)-fumagillol, thalidomide, angiostatin, troponin-1, angiotensin II antagonists, heparin, carboxypeptidase U inhibitors, and antibodies to VEGF, endostatin, ukrain, ranpirnase, IM862, acetyldinanaline, 5-amino-1-[[3,5-dichloro-4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenyl]-methyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide,CM101, squalamine, combretastatin, RPI4610, NX31838, sulfated mannopentaose phosphate, and 3-[(2,4-dimethylpyrrol-5-yl)methylene]-2-indolinone (SU5416); (9) PPAR-y agonists, PPAR-δ agonists, thiazolidinediones (such as DRF2725, CS-011, troglitazone, rosiglitazone, and pioglitazone), fenofibrate, gemfibrozil, clofibrate, GW2570, SB219994, AR-H039242, JTT-501, MCC-555, GW2331, GW409544, NN2344, KRP297, NP0110, DRF4158, NN622, GI262570, PNU182716, DRF552926, 2-[(5,7-dipropyl-3-trifluoromethyl-1,2-benzisoxazol-6-yl)oxy]-2-methylpropionic acid (disclosed in USSN 09/782,856 ), and (2R)-7-(3-(2-chloro-4-(4-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy)propoxy)-2-ethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid (disclosed in USSN 60/235,708 and 60/244,697 ); (9) an inhibitor of inherent multidrug resistance including inhibitors of p-glycoprotein (P-gp), such as LY335979, XR9576, OC144-093, R101922, VX853 and PSC833 (valspodar); (10) an inhibitor of cell proliferation and survival signaling such as inhibitors of EGFR (for example gefitinib and erlotinib), inhibitors of ERB-2 (for example trastuzumab), inhibitors of IGF1R such as MK-0646 (dalotuzumab), inhibitors of CD20 (rituximab), inhibitors of cytokine receptors, inhibitors of MET, inhibitors of PI3K family kinase (for example LY294002), serine/threonine kinases (including but not limited to inhibitors of Akt such as described in ( WO 03/086404 , WO 03/086403 , WO 03/086394 , WO 03/086279 , WO 02/083675 , WO 02/083139 , WO 02/083140 and WO 02/083138 ), inhibitors of Raf kinase (for example BAY-43-9006), inhibitors of MEK (for example CI-1040 and PD-098059) and inhibitors of mTOR (for example Wyeth CCI-779 and Ariad AP23573); (11) a bisphosphonate such as etidronate, pamidronate, alendronate, risedronate, zoledronate, ibandronate, incadronate or cimadronate, clodronate, EB-1053, minodronate, neridronate, piridronate and tiludronate; (12) γ-secretase inhibitors, (13) agents that interfere with receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including inhibitors of c-Kit, Eph, PDGF, Flt3 and c-Met; (14) an agent that interferes with a cell cycle checkpoint including inhibitors of ATR, ATM, the Chkl and Chk2 kinases and cdk and cdc kinase inhibitors and are specifically exemplified by 7-hydroxystaurosporin, flavopiridol, CYC202 (Cyclacel) and BMS-387032; (15) BTK inhibitors such as PCI32765, AVL-292 and AVL-101; (16) PARP inhibitors including iniparib, olaparib, AGO14699, ABT888 and MK4827; (16) ERK inhibitors; (17) mTOR inhibitors such as sirolimus, ridaforolimus, temsirolimus, everolimus; and (18) cytotoxic/cytostatic agents.
  • "Cytotoxic/cytostatic agents" refer to compounds which cause cell death or inhibit cell proliferation primarily by interfering directly with the cell's functioning or inhibit or interfere with cell mytosis, including alkylating agents, tumor necrosis factors, intercalators, hypoxia activatable compounds, microtubule inhibitors/microtubule-stabilizing agents, inhibitors of mitotic kinesins, inhibitors of histone deacetylase, inhibitors of kinases involved in mitotic progression, antimetabolites; biological response modifiers; hormonal/anti-hormonal therapeutic agents, haematopoietic growth factors, monoclonal antibody targeted therapeutic agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, proteasome inhibitors and ubiquitin ligase inhibitors.
  • Examples of cytotoxic agents include, but are not limited to, sertenef, cachectin, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine, melphalan, uracil mustard, thiotepa, busulfan, carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin, tasonermin, lonidamine, carboplatin, altretamine, dacarbazine, procarbazine, prednimustine, dibromodulcitol, ranimustine, fotemustine, nedaplatin, oxaliplatin, temozolomide, heptaplatin, estramustine, improsulfan tosilate, trofosfamide, nimustine, dibrospidium chloride, pumitepa, lobaplatin, satraplatin, profiromycin, cisplatin, irofulven, dexifosfamide, cis-aminedichloro(2-methylpyridine)platinum, benzylguanine, glufosfamide, GPX100, (trans, trans, trans)-bis-mu-(hexane-1,6-diamine)-mu-[diamine-platinum(II)]bis[diamine(chloro)platinum (II)]tetrachloride, diarizidinylspermine, arsenic trioxide, 1-(11-dodecylamino-10-hydroxyundecyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine, zorubicin, doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, anthracenedione, bleomycin, mitomycin C, dactinomycin, plicatomycin, bisantrene, mitoxantrone, pirarubicin, pinafide, valrubicin, amrubicin, antineoplaston, 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-13-deoxo-10-hydroxy-carminomycin, annamycin, galarubicin, elinafide, MEN10755, and 4-demethoxy-3-deamino-3-aziridinyl-4-methylsulphonyl-daunorubicin.
  • An example of a hypoxia activatable compound is tirapazamine.
  • Examples of proteasome inhibitors include but are not limited to lactacystin and bortezomib.
  • Examples of microtubule inhibitors/microtubule-stabilising agents include vincristine, vinblastine, vindesine, vinzolidine, vinorelbine, vindesine sulfate, 3',4'-didehydro-4'-deoxy-8'-norvincaleukoblastine, podophyllotoxins (e.g., etoposide (VP-16) and teniposide (VM-26)), paclitaxel, docetaxol, rhizoxin, dolastatin, mivobulin isethionate, auristatin, cemadotin, RPR109881, BMS184476, vinflunine, cryptophycin, anhydrovinblastine, N,N-dimethyl-L-valyl-L-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline-t-butylamide, TDX258, the epothilones (see for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,284,781 and 6,288,237 ) and BMS188797.
  • Some examples of topoisomerase inhibitors are topotecan, hycaptamine, irinotecan, rubitecan, 6-ethoxypropionyl-3',4'-O-exo-benzylidene-chartreusin, lurtotecan, 7-[2-(N-isopropylamino)ethyl]-(20S)camptothecin, BNP1350, BNPI1100, BN80915, BN80942, etoposide phosphate, teniposide, sobuzoxane, 2'-dimethylamino-2'-deoxy-etoposide, GL331, N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-9-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-1-carboxamide, asulacrine, 2,3-(methylenedioxy)-5-methyl-7-hydroxy-8-methoxybenzo[c]-phenanthridinium, 5-(3-aminopropylamino)-7,10-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)-6H-pyrazolo[4,5,1-de]acridin-6-one, N-[1-[2-(diethylamino)ethylamino]-7-methoxy-9-oxo-9H-thioxanthen-4-ylmethyl]formamide, N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)acridine-4-carboxamide, 6-[[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-7H-indeno[2,1-c]quinolin-7-one, and dimesna.
  • Examples of inhibitors of mitotic kinesins include, but are not limited to inhibitors of KSP, inhibitors of MKLP1, inhibitors of CENP-E, inhibitors of MCAK, inhibitors of Kifl4, inhibitors of Mphosph1 and inhibitors of Rab6-KIFL.
  • Examples of "histone deacetylase inhibitors" include, but are not limited to, vorinostat, trichostatin A, oxamflatin, PXD101, MG98, valproic acid and scriptaid.
  • "Inhibitors of kinases involved in mitotic progression" include, but are not limited to, inhibitors of aurora kinase, inhibitors of Polo-like kinases (PLK; in particular inhibitors of PLK-1), inhibitors of bub-1 and inhibitors of bub-Rl. An example of an "aurora kinase inhibitor" is VX-680.
  • "Antiproliferative agents" includes antisense RNA and DNA oligonucleotides such as G3139, ODN698, RVASKRAS, GEM231, and INX3001, and antimetabolites such as enocitabine, carmofur, tegafur, pentostatin, doxifluridine, trimetrexate, fludarabine, capecitabine, galocitabine, cytarabine ocfosfate, fosteabine sodium hydrate, raltitrexed, paltitrexid, emitefur, tiazofurin, decitabine, nolatrexed, pemetrexed, nelzarabine, 2'-deoxy-2'-methylidenecytidine, 2'-fluoromethylene-2'-deoxycytidine, N6-[4-deoxy-4-[N2-[2,4-tetradecadienoyl]glycylamino]-L-glycero-B-L-manno-heptopyranosyl]adenine, aplidine, ecteinascidin, troxacitabine, aminopterin, 5-fluorouracil, floxuridine, methotrexate, leucovarin, hydroxyurea, thioguanine (6-TG), mercaptopurine (6-MP), cytarabine, pentostatin, fludarabine phosphate, cladribine (2-CDA), asparaginase, gemcitabine, alanosine, swainsonine, lometrexol, dexrazoxane, methioninase, and 3 -aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable additional therapeutic agents used in cancer therapy that may be combined with compounds of Formula (I) include, but are not limited to, abarelix; aldesleukin; alemtuzumab; alitretinoin; allopurinol; altretamine; amifostine; anastrozole; arsenic trioxide; asparaginase; azacitidine; bendamustine; bevacuzimab; bexarotene; bleomycin; bortezomib; busulfan; calusterone; capecitabine; carboplatin; carmustine; cetuximab; chlorambucil; cisplatin; cladribine; clofarabine; cyclophosphamide; cytarabine; dacarbazine; dactinomycin, actinomycin D; dalteparin; darbepoetin alfa; dasatinib; daunorubicin; degarelix; denileukin diftitox; dexrazoxane; docetaxel; doxorubicin; dromostanolone propionate; eculizumab; Elliott's B Solution; eltrombopag; epirubicin; epoetin alfa; erlotinib; estramustine; etoposide phosphate; etoposide; everolimus; exemestane; filgrastim; floxuridine; fludarabine; fluorouracil; fulvestrant; gefitinib; gemcitabine; gemtuzumab ozogamicin; goserelin acetate; histrelin acetate; hydroxyurea; ibritumomab tiuxetan; idarubicin; ifosfamide; imatinib mesylate; interferon alfa 2a; interferon alfa-2b; irinotecan; ixabepilone; lapatinib; lenalidomide; letrozole; leucovorin; leuprolide acetate; levamisole; lomustine; meclorethamine, nitrogen mustard; megestrol acetate; melphalan, L-PAM; mercaptopurine; mesna; methotrexate; methoxsalen; mitomycin C; mitotane; mitoxantrone; nandrolone phenpropionate; nelarabine; nilotinib; Nofetumomab; ofatumumab; oprelvekin; oxaliplatin; paclitaxel; palifermin; pamidronat; panitumumab; pazopanib; pegademase; pegaspargase; Pegfilgrastim; pemetrexed disodium; pentostatin; pipobroman; plerixafor; plicamycin, mithramycin); porfimer sodium; pralatrexate; procarbazine; quinacrine; Rasburicase; raloxifene hydrochloride; Rituximab; romidepsin; romiplostim; sargramostim; sargramostim; satraplatin; sorafenib; streptozocin; sunitinib maleate; tamoxifen; temozolomide; temsirolimus; teniposide; testolactone; thioguanine; thiotepa; topotecan; toremifene; tositumomab; trastuzumab; tretinoin; uracil mustard; valrubicin; vinblastine; vincristine; vinorelbine; vorinostat; and zoledronate.
  • When administering a combination therapy to a patient in need of such administration, the therapeutic agents in the combination, or a pharmaceutical composition or compositions comprising the therapeutic agents, may be administered in any order such as, for example, sequentially, concurrently, together, simultaneously and the like.
  • These combinations are of particular interest in respiratory diseases and are conveniently adapted for inhaled or intranasal delivery.
  • In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) is administered during a time when the additional therapeutic agent(s) exert their prophylactic or therapeutic effect, or vice versa.
  • In another embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are administered in doses commonly employed when such agents are used as monotherapy for treating the disorder.
  • In another embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are administered in doses lower than the doses commonly employed when such agents are used as monotherapy for treating the disorder.
  • In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) are present in the same composition, which is suitable for oral administration.
  • The compound of Formula (I) and the additional therapeutic agent(s) can act additively or synergistically. A synergistic combination may allow the use of lower dosages of one or more agents and/or less frequent administration of one or more agents of a combination therapy. A lower dosage or less frequent administration of one or more agents may lower toxicity of the therapy without reducing the efficacy of the therapy.
  • The doses and dosage regimen of the additional therapeutic agent(s) used in the combination therapies of the present invention for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder can be determined by the attending clinician, taking into consideration the approved doses and dosage regimen in the package insert; the age, sex and general health of the patient; and the type and severity of the disease or condition mediated by Syk.
  • Another aspect of this invention is a kit comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound, optionally at least one additional therapeutic agent listed above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, vehicle or diluent.
    • Methods of Preparing the Compounds of Formula (I)
  • The compounds of this invention may be made by a variety of methods, including standard chemistry. Any previously defined variable will continue to have the previously defined meaning unless otherwise indicated. Illustrative general synthetic methods are set out below and then specific compounds of the Formula (I) are prepared in the Examples.
  • Compounds of general Formula (I) may be prepared by methods known in the art of organic synthesis as set forth in part by the following synthesis schemes. In all of the schemes described below, it is well understood that protecting groups for sensitive or reactive groups are employed where necessary in accordance with general principles of chemistry. Protecting groups are manipulated according to standard methods of organic synthesis (T. W. Green and P. G. M. Wuts (1991) Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons). These groups are removed at a convenient stage of the compound synthesis using methods that are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The selection of protecting groups as well as the reaction conditions and order of reaction steps shall be consistent with the preparation of compounds of Formula (I). Those skilled in the art will recognize whether a stereocenter exists in compounds of Formula (I). Accordingly, the present invention includes all possible stereoisomers and includes not only mixtures of stereoisomers (such as racemic compounds) but the individual stereoisomers as well. When a compound is desired as a single enantiomer, it may be obtained by stereospecific synthesis or by resolution of the final product or any convenient intermediate. Resolution of the final product, an intermediate, or a starting material may be affected by any suitable method known in the art. See, for example, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds by E. L. Eliel, S. H. Wilen, and L. N. Mander (Wiley-Interscience, 1994).
  • The following solvents, reagents, protecting groups, moieties, and other designations may be referred to by their abbreviations:
    • Me = methyl; Et = ethyl; Pr = propyl; iPr = isopropyl, Bu = butyl; t-Bu = tert-butyl; Ph = phenyl, and Ac = acetyl
    • µl = microliters
    • AcOH or HOAc = acetic acid
    • ACN = acetonitrile
    • APCI = atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization
    • aq = aqueous
    • Bn = benzyl
    • Boc or BOC = tert-butoxycarbonyl
    • Bz = benzoyl
    • Boc = tert-butoxycarbonyl
    • Calc'd = calculated
    • Cbz = benyzloxycarbonyl
    • DCM = dichloromethane:
    • DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine
    • DIBAL = diisobutylaluminum hydride
    • DIEA or Hünig's Base = N,N-diisopropylethylamine
    • DMA = 1,2-dimethylacetamide
    • DMF = dimethylformamide
    • DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide
    • DTT = dithiothreitol
    • EDC = 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide
    • EDTA = ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid
    • ESI = electrospray ionization
    • EtOAc = ethyl acetate
    • g = grams
    • GST = glutathione S-transferase
    • h = hour
    • HMDS = 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane
    • HATU = N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uronium hexafluorophosphate
    • HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography
    • HOBt = 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
    • LDA = lithium diisopropylamide
    • LCMS = liquid chromatography mass spectrometry
    • min = minute
    • mg = milligrams
    • mL = milliliters
    • mmol = millimoles
    • Me = methyl
    • MeOH: methanol
    • MS = mass spectrometry
    • NBS = N-bromosuccimide
    • NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Obsv'd = observed
    • rac = racemic mixture
    • RT or rt = room temperature (ambient, about 25 °C)
    • sat = saturated
    • SFC = supercritical fluid chromatography
    • TBSCl = t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride
    • TBS = t-butyldimethyl silyl
    • TEA = triethylamine (Et3N)
    • TFA = trifluoroacetic acid
    • TFAA = trifluoroacetic anhydride
    • THF = tetrahydrofuran
    • TLC = thin layer chromatography
    • TMS = trimethylsilyl
    • Tris = tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane
    General Methods
  • Compounds of the Formula (I) can be prepared according to one of the general synthetic schemes procedures set forth in Schemes 1-4 below, and/or by methods similar to those described in the Examples below.
    Figure imgb0014
  • Compounds of Formula (I) are prepared by palladium-mediated coupling of substituted halo A-rings (1) with amino B-ring thiazoles (2), as shown in Scheme 1. Alternatively, Compounds of Formula (I) are obtained by palladium-mediated coupling of bromo AB-rings (5) with substituted thiazoles (6) or by Suzuki coupling of boronic acid AB-rings (7) with substituted bromo thiazoles (8). Bromo AB-rings (5) are prepared by palladium mediated coupling of amino A-rings (3) with bis-bromo B-rings (4) or by acid catalyzed SNAr of amino A-rings (3) with bis-bromo B-rings (4).
    Figure imgb0015
  • As shown in Scheme 2, carboxylic acids (10) are prepared by hydrolysis of alkyl esters (9).
    Figure imgb0016
  • As shown in Scheme 3, compounds of structural subtype (A) are prepared from the carboxylic acid (A1) by a Mitsunobu reaction with various primary and secondary alcohols. Compounds of structural subtype (B) are prepared by the alkylation of the carboxylic acid (A1) by alkyl halides of formula (Bl). Compounds of structural subtype (C) are prepared by the alkylation of the carboxylic acid (A1) by alkyl halides of formula (C1).
    Figure imgb0017
  • As shown in Scheme 4, compounds of structural subtype (D) are prepared by the reaction of the carboxylic acid (A1) with trimethylsilyldiazomethane and methanol.
  • The starting materials and reagents used in preparing compounds described in the examples below are either available from commercial suppliers or were prepared by literature methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • The examples below are being provided to further illustrate the present invention. The examples provided below are for illustrative purposes only; the scope of the invention is not to be considered limited in any way thereby.
  • Where compounds in the examples include the designations "(R) or (S)" or "(R or S)" for a given chiral center in the molecule such designations mean that the compounds were isolated as single enantiomers and the stereochemical configurations of such compounds were not determined. Similarly, when a compound includes the designation "1R,4S or 1S,4R" , this designation means that the compound has been isolated as a single diastereomer of unknown absolute configuration.
  • Where mass spectral (MS) data are presented in the examples below, analysis was performed using an Agilent Technologies 6120 quadrupole LC/MS. Resolution of enantiomers was typically performed using supercritical fluid chromatography utilizing a Chiral Technologies stationary phase such as OJ-H or OJ column (stationary phase with particle size of 5 or 10 micron) with a mobile phase of CO2 and a lower alcohol such as methanol or isopropanol.
    • EXAMPLES Preparative Example 1 - Preparation of Halo or Amino Heterocyclic Precursors Preparative Example 1.1 - 2-Chloro-4-(propan-2-yloxy)pyrimidine
  • Figure imgb0018
  • Cesium carbonate (12 g, 37 mmol) was added to a solution of 2,4-dichloropyrimidine (5.0 g, 34 mmol) in 2-propanol (84 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction was then heated to 65 °C for 3 hours, after which time the reaction was filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (0-10% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 2-chloro-4-(propan-2-yloxy)pyrimidine as an oil. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.23 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1H), 6.56 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1H), 5.38 (hept, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 1.34 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 6H).
    • Preparative Example 1.2 - 2-Chloro-4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidine
  • Figure imgb0019
  • DMAP (0.35 g, 2.87 mmol) was added to a solution of difluoroacetic anhydride (50 g, 287 mmol) in dichloromethane (300 mL) cooled to -20 °C, followed by ethyl vinyl ether (13.8 mL, 144 mmol) at such a rate that the internal temperature did not exceed -10 °C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 12 hours before slowly warming to room temperature. Water and dichloromethane were added and the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with aqueous saturated bicarbonate solution and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in ethanol (162 mL) and immersed in an ice water bath. Urea (17.25 g, 287 mmol) was added followed by concentrated hydrochloric acid (43 mL) at such a rate that the internal temperature did not exceed 20 °C. When the addition was complete, the cooling bath was removed and the resulting mixture stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethanol was added and the mixture concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethyl acetate was added and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure (2x). The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and the resulting heterogeneous mixture stirred for 10 min and then the solvent decanted. This was repeated twice more, then the solid was collected via filtration and dried under vacuum for 48 hours before dilution with phosphorus oxychloride (215 mL, 2310 mmol). The resulting suspension was heated to 105 °C for 90 minutes during which time it was observed to become homogenous. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, poured carefully into a 4 L cooled flask containing 2 L of ice and a temperature probe. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour until the exotherm had ceased at which time the contents were transferred to a seperatory funnel with additional dichloromethane. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer extracted with dichloromethane (2x), then the combined organics were dried with over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure (200 Torr, 40 °C) to an oil. The product was placed under vacuum for 1 minute to yield 2-chloro-4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidine as a 62.5 wt% solution in dichloromethane (as judged by 1H NMR). 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.82 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (t, J = 54.4 Hz, 1H).
    • Preparative Example 2 - Preparation of Ketone Cy Precursers Preparative Example 2.1 - Methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0020
  • Step 1: Methyl 3-oxobutanoate (232 g, 2.00 mol) and paraformaldehyde (30 g, 999 mmol) were combined and piperidine (10 g, 117.44 mmol) was added. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 hours at 0 °C. The solution was then heated to 60 °C for 2 hours. The mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (3x), and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford dimethyl 2-methyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C11H15O5 [M + H]+ 227, found 227.
  • Step 2: Dimethyl 2-methyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylate (150 g, 663.0 mmol) in methanol (150 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of sodium methanolate (90 g, 1.67 mol) in methanol (300 mL) with stirring over 30 minutes. The resulting solution was heated to 80 °C for 30 minutes, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture was diluted with water/ice (120 mL), then diluted further with acetic acid (130 mL). The resulting solution was extracted with diethyl ether (3x), and the organic layers were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by distillation under reduced pressure (5 mm Hg), and the fraction was collected at 110-120 °C. Methyl 2-methyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-enecarboxylate was obtained as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C9H13O3 [M + H]+ 169, found 169.
  • Step 3: Copper iodide (121.8 g, 639.5 mmol) was suspended in diethyl ether (800 mL). Methyllithium (1.6 M in diethyl ether, 800 mL, 1.28 mol) was added dropwise at -40 °C over 3 hours. A solution of methyl 2-methyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-enecarboxylate (53.8 g, 320 mmol) in diethyl ether (400 mL) was added at -40 °C over 2 minutes. The resulting solution was stirred for 5 hours at -20 °C. The mixture was diluted with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride (2.5 L) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 2 L). The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to afford methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C10H17O3 [M + H]+ 185, found 185. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ 3.49 (s, 3H), 2.43 - 2.40 (m, 1H), 2.35 - 2.29 (m, 1H), 2.21 - 2.17 (m, 1H), 2.11 - 2.04 (m, 1H), 2.00 - 1.96 (m, 1H), 1.91 - 1.85 (m, 2H), 0.85 (s, 3H), 0.77 (s, 3H).
    • Preparative Example 3 - Preparation of Bis-arylamine Precursors Suitable for Coupling with Cy Precursors Preparative Example 3.1 - 7-Bromo-N,1-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indazol-5-amine
  • Figure imgb0021
  • 2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (3.23 g, 17.7 mmol) and acetic acid (0.68 mL, 11.8 mmol) were added to a mixture of 7-bromo-1H-indazol-5-amine (2.5 g, 11.79 mmol) in dioxane (12.5 mL). The reaction was heated at 110 °C for 20 hours. Analysis by LCMS showed a mixture of mono and bis addition products. The reaction was cooled, diluted with hexanes and the resulting solids were filtered. The solids were slurried in a mixture of ethyl acetate/hexanes/dioxane/methanol and solids filtered to afford 7-bromo-N,1-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indazol-5-amine as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C17H9BrF6N7 [M+H]+ 504 and 506, found 504 and 506.
    • Preparative Example 3.2 - 7-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-N,1-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indazol-5-amine
  • Figure imgb0022
  • 7- Bromo-N,1-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indazol-5-amine (100 mg, 0.20 mmol), (bispinacolato)diboron (60.4 mg, 0.24 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (11.12 mg, 0.04 mmol), tris(dibenzylidene acetone)dipalladium(0) (9 mg, 0.09 mmol), potassium acetate (31.1 mg, 0.32 mmol) and dioxane (1.0 mL) were combined in a nitrogen purged microwave vial. The reaction was sealed and the suspension was heated to 95 °C for 1.5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the mixture used as is without further purification in subsequent reactions. Analysis by LCMS showed no starting material remaining and a mixture of 7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-l,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-N,1-bis(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indazol-5-amine and (1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indazol-7-yl)boronic acid. MS ESI calcd. for C23H21BF6N7O2 [M+H]+ 552, found 552.
    • Preparative Example 3.3 - (6-((4-(1-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)boronic acid
  • Figure imgb0023
  • Step 1: 2-Chloro-4-ethynylpyrimidine (200 mg, 1.44 mmol), 1-(azidomethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (Chem. Eur. J., 2011, 17, 14727-14730) (2.9 mL, 1.44 mmol), copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (36 mg, 0.14 mmol), sodium ascorbate (143 mg, 0.72 mmol), water (3.6 mL), and tert-butanol (3.6 mL) were combined in a microwave vial and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, after which time the mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and pH 3 buffer. The layers were separated, and the organic layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (30-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) yielded 2-chloro-4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C15H14ClN4O [M + H]+ 301 found 301.
  • Step 2: Sodium bicarbonate (2.23 g, 26.6 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-bromo-6-aminophenol (5 g, 26.6 mmol) in THF (95 mL), followed by dropwise addition of 2-bromo-isobutyryl bromide (3.62 mL, 29.3 mmol). After 1 hour, potassium carbonate (7.35 g, 53.2 mmol) and DMF (95 mL) were added and the mixture was heated to 70 °C for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The layers were separated and the organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 2-bromo-N-(3-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanamide. MS ESI calcd. for C10H12Br2NO2 [M + H]+ 338 found 338.
  • Step 3: Potassium carbonate (4.96 g, 35.9 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-bromo-N-(3-bromo-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanamide (6.05 g, 17.95 mmol) in DMF (90 mL). The reaction was heated to 70 °C for 3 hours, after which time the reaction was cooled to room temperature and poured into ethyl acetate and water. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water and then saturated aqueous sodium chloride, then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (10-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes). The product-containing fractions were collected and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting solid material was stirred in hexanes (20 mL) for 30 minutes, then cooled to 0 °C and filtered to afford 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C10H11BrNO2 [M + H]+ 256 and 258, found 256 and 258.
  • Step 4: Nitric acid (0.61 mL, 12.03 mmol) was added dropwise to a flask containing 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (2.8 g, 10.93 mmol) in sulfuric acid (5.07 mL, 95 mmol) at 0 °C and the brown, viscous solution was stirred for 1.5 hours at 0 °C. The mixture was then poured carefully into ice-cold water and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (2x). The combined organic layers were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and then saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (10-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one. MS ESI calcd. for C10H10BrN2O4 [M + H]+ 301 and 303, found 301 and 303.
  • Step 5: Iron (0.97 g, 17.44 mmol) was added to a mixture of 8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (1.05 g, 3.49 mmol) and ammonium chloride (0.09 g, 1.74 mmol) in ethanol (18 mL) and water (9 mL) and the mixture was heated to 90 °C for 1.5 hours. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography (40-80% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 6-amino-8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C10H12BrN2O2 [M + H]+ 271 and 273, found 271 and 273.
  • Step 6: Acetic acid (0.09 mL, 1.66 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2-chloro-4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (200 mg, 0.66 mmol) and 6-amino-8-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (150 mg, 0.55 mmol) in dioxane (2.7 mL) and the reaction was heated to 105 °C for 20 hours, after which time the mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and ethyl acetate. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica to afford 8-bromo-6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C24H23BrN7O3 [M + H]+ 536 and 538, found 536 and 538.
  • Step 7: Bis(pinacolato)diboron (78 mg, 0.31 mmol), 8-bromo-6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (150 mg, 0.28 mmol), potassium acetate (82 mg, 0.84 mmol), and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (16 mg, 0.02 mmol) were combined in a vial. The reaction was vacuum-purged with argon (3x), then degassed 1,4-dioxane (1.4 mL) was added. The mixture was heated to 90 °C for 48 hours after which time the mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was then purified by reverse phase HPLC (10-100% acetonitrile/water modified with 0.1% TFA) to afford (6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)boronic acid as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C24H25BN7O5 [M + H]+ 502, found 502. 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ10.58 (s, 1H), 9.58 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.47 (d, J= 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.64 (br s, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 5.60 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 6H).
  • The intermediate in the following table was prepared according to the method described for Preparative Example 3.3 (Steps 6 and 7).
    Prep. Ex. Structure Chemical Name Exact Mass [M+H]+ [M+H]+ Observed
    3.4
    Figure imgb0024
         		(6-((4-isopropoxypyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)boronic acid 372 *see 1H NMR below
    3.5
    Figure imgb0025
         		2,2-dimethyl-8-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one 464
    * 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.57 (s, 1H), 9.30 (s, 1H), 8.08 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 6.10 (s, 1H), 5.35 - 5.28 (m, 1H), 3.13 (s, 1H), 1.37 (s, 6H), 1.30 - 1.22 (m, 6H).
    • Preparative Example 3.6- 4-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one
  • Figure imgb0026
  • Step 1: Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (18.12 mL, 78 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-fluoro-2-iodo-6-nitroaniline (10 g, 35.5 mmol) in DMF (70 mL) and sodium hydride (2.84 g, 70 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 50 °C then 100 °C. After cooling to room temperature, hydrochloric acid was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic fractions were washed with water (3x) then brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes) then crystallized from Et2O/hexanes to afford di-tert-butyl (4-fluoro-2-iodo-6-nitrophenyl)carbamate as a solid.
  • Step 2: Cesium carbonate (709 mg, 2.18 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-amine (473 mg, 2.90 mmol) in dimethylformamide and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. Di-tert-butyl (4-fluoro-2-iodo-6-nitrophenyl)carbamate (700 mg, 1.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with diethyl ether, washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0-60% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to give di-tert-butyl (2-iodo-6-nitro-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate as a foam. MS ESI calcd. for C21H22F3IN5O6 [M - H]+ 624, found 624.
  • Step 3: Ammonium chloride (14.47 mg, 0.27 mmol) was added to a mixture of di-tert-butyl (2-iodo-6-nitro-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate (282 mg, 0.45 mmol) and iron (151 mg, 2.71 mmol) in ethanol/water (2:1) and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered through CELITE while hot. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford di-tert-butyl (2-amino-6-iodo-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C21H25F3IN5NaO4 [M + Na]+ 618, found 618.
  • Step 4: TFA (0.5 mL, 6.49 mmol) was added to a stirred, cooled (0 °C) mixture of di-tert-butyl (2-amino-6-iodo-4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)carbamate (158 mg, 0.27 mmol) in dichloromethane and the mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 10 minutes. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6-iodo-N 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene-1,2,4-triamine as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C11H10F3IN5 [M+H]+ 396, found 396.
  • Step 5: Carbonyldiimidazole (26.5 mg, 0.16 mmol) was added to a stirred, cooled (0 °C) mixture of 6-iodo-N 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene-1,2,4-triamine (85 mg, 0.14 mmol) in dichloromethane:THF (1:1, 1 mL) and the mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 5 minutes then at room temperature for 30 minutes The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (0-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 4-iodo-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one. MS ESI calcd. for C12H6F3IN5O [M-H]+ 420, found 420.
  • Step 6: 4-Iodo-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (64 mg, 0.15 mmol), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride dichloromethane complex (6.21 mg, 7.60 µmol), potassium acetate (44.7 mg, 0.46 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (42.5 mg, 0.17 mmol) were combined in DMSO. The mixture was heated to 125 °C for 14 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic fractions were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one. MS ESI calcd. for C18H18BF3N5O3 [M-H]+ 420, found 420.
    • Preparative Example 3.7 - tert-Butyl 4-bromo-6- {[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate
  • Figure imgb0027
  • Step 1: Triethylamine (1.0 mL, 7.1 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-bromo-1H-indazol-6-amine (1.5 g, 7.1 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.9 g, 8.49 mmol) in DMF (24 mL) and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 14 hours. The mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature and diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford tert-butyl 6-amino-4-bromo-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate. MS ESI calc'd for C12H15BrN3O2 [M + H]+ 312 and 314, found 312 and 314. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.95 (d, J = 0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (s, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (s, 2H), 1.60 (s, 9H).
  • Step 2: Cesium carbonate (626 mg, 1.92 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl 6-amino-4-bromo-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate (250 mg, 0.64 mmol) and 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromcthyl)pyrimidinc (129 mg, 0.71 mmol) in DMSO (3 mL) and the mixture was heated to 50 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then diluted with ethyl acetate and saturated ammonium chloride. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to afford tert-butyl 4-bromo-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate. MS ESI calc'd for C12H8BrF3N5 [M - C5H8O2 + H]+ 358 and 360, found 358 and 360. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.76 (s, 1H), 8.89 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 4.4 Hz, 1H), 1.65 (s, 9H).
  • The intermediate in the following table was prepared according to the method described for Preparative Example 3.7.
    Prep. Ex. Structure Chemical Name Exact Mass [M+Na] [M+Na] Observed
    3.8
    Figure imgb0028
         		tert-butyl 4-bromo-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyri midin-2-yl] amino}-1H-benzimidazole-1-carboxylate 480, 482 480, 482
    • Preparative Example 4 - Preparation of Thiazole-Cy Precursors Preparative Example 4.1 - 1-(5-Bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol
  • Figure imgb0029
  • Step 1: Isopropylmagnesium chloride/lithium chloride complex (582 mL, 756 mmol) was cooled to 0 °C. Thiazole (53.2 mL, 749 mmol) was added over 15 minutes, resulting in an orange/red solution. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes at 0 °C, then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred an additional 2 hours. The reaction mixture was recooled to 0 °C and cyclobutanone (53.3 mL, 713 mmol) was added over 50 minutes. The mixture was then allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred an additional 20 minutes. The mixture was again cooled to 0 °C and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride was slowly added. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was separated and washed with water. The combined aqueous layers were washed with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol, which was used without further purification.
  • Step 2: 1-(1,3-Thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol (171.9 g, 1.11 mol) was dissolved in DMF (860 mL) and the mixture was cooled to 0 °C. N-Bromosuccinimide (236 g, 1.33 mol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0 °C. The solution was poured into cooled water (2 L) containing sodium sulfite (30 g), and washed with methyl tert-butyl ether (1 L). The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes, then diluted with methyl tert-butyl ether (1.5 L) and water (500 mL). The organic layer was separated and washed with water (2 L). The aqueous layer was washed with methyl tert-butyl ether (2 L). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide an oil. The residue was diluted in hexanes at 50 °C (1 L). The mixture was stirred while slowly allowing to cool. Seed crystals were added, and crystallization began around 35 °C. The slurry was stirred overnight at room temperature. The resulting slurry was cooled to -20 °C and stirred for 20 minutes, filtered, washing with hexane at -20 °C. The solid was dried under a nitrogen bag to afford 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol. The filtrate and all remaining material in the flask was diluted in dichloromethane and concentrated under reduced pressure. To the residue, hexane was added, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to 300 mL. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and seed crystals were added. After crystallization began, the mixture was cooled to -10 °C and filtered, washing with hexane at -10 °C. A second crop of crystals allowed to air dry providing 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol. The mother liquor from the second filtration was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate/hexanes) to provide 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.58 (s, 1 H); 3.56 (br s, 1 H); 2.69-2.60 (m, 2 H); 2.47-2.36 (m, 2 H); 2.09-1.87 (m, 2 H).
    • Preparative Example 4.2 - 1-(5-Bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-2,2-difluoroethanol
  • Figure imgb0030
  • Step 1: This procedure is based on literature, see: Krasovskiy, A.; Krasovskaya, V.; Knochel, P. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 2958. Thiazole (5.7 mL, 80 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added to a stirred, cooled (0 °C) solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride-lithium chloride (1.18 M in THF, 74.9 mL, 88 mmol) in THF (75 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then the solution was cooled to -20°C and ethyl difluoroacetate (9.29 mL, 88 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred 10 minutes at -20 °C, then 10 minutes at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (200 mL), washed with aqueous ammonium chloride (saturated, 200 mL), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0-90% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone as an oil. MS ESI calcd. for C5H4F2NOS [M+H]+ 164, found 164.
  • Step 2: Sodium borohyride (3.53 g, 18.49 mmol) was added portionwise to a solution of 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanone (3 g, 18.39 mmol) in chloroform (90 mL) and methanol (22.5 mL) at 0 °C. The reaction was then allowed to warm to room temperature and was diluted with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 100 mL) and the combined organic fractions were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanol. MS ESI calcd. for C5H6F2NOS [M+H]+ 166, found 166.
  • Step 3: Bromine (7.58 mL, 147 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of 2,2-difluoro-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanol (3.04 g, 18.39 mmol) and sodium acetate (15.10 g, 184 mmol) in acetic acid (92 mL) and the mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 12 hours and then for 48 hours at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water:brine (1:1) and the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resultant residue was purified by column chromatography (0-70% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to give 1-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-2,2-difluoroethanol. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 6.04 (td, J = 55.0, 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 5.15 - 5.09 (m, 1 H).
    • Preparative Example 4.3 - 2-(5-Bromothiazol-2-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol
  • Figure imgb0031
  • Bromine (0.28 mL, 5.48 mmol) was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-(thiazol-2-yl)propan-2-ol (270 mg, 1.37 mmol) and sodium acetate (562 mg, 6.85 mmol) in acetic acid (5 mL) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Additional sodium acetate (562 mg, 6.85 mmol) and bromine (0.28 mL, 5.48 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water and brine and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0-100% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford 2-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-ol. MS ESI calcd. for C6H6BrF3NOS [M+H]+ 276 and 278, found 276 and 278.
    • Preparative Example 4.4 - Ethyl cis-4-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0032
  • Step 1: Isopropylmagnesium chloride/lithium chloride complex (1.3 M, 119 mL, 154 mmol) was added to a flask and cooled to 0 °C and then diluted with 50 mL THF. Thiazole (13.0 g, 154 mmol) was added over 30 minutes making sure the temperature did not exceed 5 °C. The orange slurry was stirred for 45 minutes and then cooled to -20 °C and ethyl 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (25.0 g, 147 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was added and then stirred for 50 minutes. The solution was cooled to 5 °C and then quenched with HCl (2 M, 100 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic layer was washed with aqueous saturated bicarbonate solution (100 mL) and brine (100 mL), and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica to afford ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil.
  • Step 2: Ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (23.5 g, 92 mmol) was dissolved in DMF (94 mL) and then treated with N-bromosuccinimide (19.66 g, 110 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 10 hours. The reaction was then treated with sodium sulfite (5.8 g, 465 mmol) in water (150 mL) and then extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica to afford ethyl 4-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. The resulting oil was subjected to chiral chromatography to afford ethyl cis-4-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 7.71 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 1H), 4.06 - 4.00 (m, 2 H), 2.47 - 2.30 (m, 1H), 1.90 - 1.75 (m, 2H), 1.84 - 1.70 (m, 6H), 1.14 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H).
    • Preparative Example 4.5 - (1S,4S)-Methyl 4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0033
  • Step 1: Potassium tert-butoxide (1M in THF, 111 mL, 111 mmol) was added, at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed 7 °C to a cooled (0 °C) suspension of (methoxymethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride (38 g, 111 mmol) in THF (300 mL). When complete, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 0 °C, then a solution of (S)-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (17 g, 92 mmol) was introduced via syringe as a solution in THF (100 mL). The mixture was stirred for 14 hours at room temperature, then cooled to 10 °C and water (100 mL) was added followed by HCl (6N, 250 mL). After stirring for 3 hours at room temperature additional water (300 mL) was added and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 500 mL). The combined organic layers were dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude mixture was purified by flash chromatography to afford methyl (1R,4R)-4-formyl-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate and methyl (1R,4S)-4-formyl-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate as an inseparable mixture of cis/trans isomers (1:4).
  • Step 2: Thiazole (6.27 mL, 88 mmol) was added at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed 5 °C to a flask containing a cooled (-5 °C) solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride lithium chloride complex (63.9 mL, 83 mmol). The resulting slurry was warmed to 15 °C over 15 min, then cooled to -10 °C and the freshly prepared mixture of (1R,4R)-methyl 4-formyl-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate and (1R,4S)-methyl 4-formyl-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate (13.8 g, 69 mmol) was added as a solution in THF (30 mL) at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed 5 °C. The mixture was stirred for a further 30 minutes at 5 °C then water (100 mL) was added followed by ethyl acetate (500 mL) and hydrochloric acid (1N, 200 mL). The layers were separated, the aqueous extracted a second time with ethyl acetate and the organics combined, dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (0 to 70% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford a diastereomeric mixture which was used immediately in the subsequent step.
  • Step 3: The mixture of secondary alcohols (16.3 g, 57.5 mmol) was diluted with dichloromethane (150 mL), cooled to 0 °C and Dess-Martin Periodinane (25.4 g, 60 mmol) was added as a solid. The cooling bath was removed and the mixture stirred for 90 minutes, then saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (150 mL) followed by an aqueous solution of saturated sodium sulfite (150 mL) were added. The heterogeneous mixture was stirred until both organic and aqueous layers became clear, then the layers were separated, the aqueous extracted a second time with dichloromethane (300 mL). The organics were combined, dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified by flash chromatography (0 to 50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford the desired ketones as an inseparable mixture of diastereomers. These were subsequently separated using SFC to afford (1S,4S)-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-(thiazole-2-carbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C14H20NO3S [M+H]+ 282, found 282. As well as (1S,4R)-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-(thiazole-2-carbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C14H20NO3S [M+H]+ 282, found 282.
  • Step 4: Methylmagnesium bromide (3M in diethyl ether, 16.5 mL, 49.5 mmol) was added, at such a rate the internal temperature did not exceed -30 °C, to a cooled (-40 °C) solution of (1S,4S)-methyl 2,2-dimethyl-4-(thiazole-2-carbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (11.6 g, 41.2 mmol) in THF (100 mL). When complete the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes between - 30 °C and -40 °C, then saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (150 mL) was added and the mixture warmed to room temperature. Ethyl acetate (200 mL) was added, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer extracted a second time with ethyl acetate (200 mL). The combined organics were then dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was purified by flash chromatography (0-60% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford approximately a 1:1 mixture of (1S,4S)-methyl 4-((S)-1-hydroxy-1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate and (1S,4S)-methyl 4-((R)-1-hydroxy-1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate as a solid. MS ESI calc'd. for C15H24NO3S [M+H]+ 298, found 298. The diastereomers were separated by chiral SFC (Chiral Technology AD-H, 24% / 76% Methanol/CO2) to afford the single diastereomers.
  • Characterization data for Peak 1 from SFC: 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.68 (d, J= 3.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J= 3.0 Hz, 1H), 5.71 (s, 1H), 3.53 (s, 3H), 1.98 (dd, J= 12.5, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 1.93 - 1.88 (m, 1H), 1.82 - 1.76 (m, 1H), 1.64 - 1.52 (m, 2H), 1.42 (s, 3H), 1.17 - 1.10 (m, 1H), 1.06 - 1.02 (m, 1H), 0.98 - 0.88 (m, 1H), 0.84 (s, 3H), 0.77 (s, 3H).
  • Characterization data for Peak 2 from SFC: 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.68 (d, J= 3.5 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J= 3.0 Hz, 1H), 5.71 (s, 1H), 3.53 (s, 3H), 1.98 (dd, J= 12.5, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 1.90 - 1.82 (m, 1H), 1.58 - 1.44 (m, 3H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 1.40 - 1.34 (m, 1H), 1.15 - 1.05 (m, 1H), 0.97 - 0.90 (m, 1H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.83 (s, 3H).
    • Preparative Example 4.6 - Butyl trans-4-[1-hydroxy-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0034
  • Thiazole (5.10 mL, 71.8 mmol) was added, keeping the internal temperature < 10 °C, to a cooled (0 °C) flask under nitrogen containing isopropylmagnesium chloride/lithium chloride complex (1.3 M in THF, 55.2 mL, 71.8 mmol). The resulting heterogeneous mixture was warmed to room temperature where it was stirred for 10 minutes then cooled to -20 °C. Then, a solution of butyl trans-4-acetylcyclohexanecarboxylate (12.5 g, 55.2 mmol) in THF (20 + 5 mL) was added via syringe. The cooling bath was then removed and the reaction mixture warmed slowly to 10 °C during which time it was observed to nearly completely homogenize. After 40 minutes, saturated aqueous ammonium chloride followed by ethyl acetate were added and the layers separated, the organics dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to afford butyl trans-4-[1-hydroxy-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethyl]cyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil. MS ESI calc'd. for C16H26NO3S [M + H]+ 312, found 312. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.67 (d, J= 3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (d, J= 3.3 Hz, 1H), 5.73 (s, 1H), 3.95 (t, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.16 - 2.02 (m, 1H), 1.93 - 1.78 (m, 3H), 1.69 - 1.56 (m, 1H), 1.54 - 1.46 (m, 2H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1.34 - 1.14 (m, 6H), 0.99 (d, J= 15.7 Hz, 1H), 0.85 (t, J= 7.4 Hz, 3H).
    • Preparative Example 4.7 - Methyl (1R,4S or 1S,4R)-4-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0035
  • N-Bromosuccinimide (0.25 g, 1.43 mmol) was added to a solution of racemic methyl (1R,4S or 1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (0.35 g, 1.3 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1.9 mL). After three hours an addition portion of N-bromosuccinimide (0.05 g, 0.29 mmol) was added. After an additional hour, the reaction mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (25 mL), aqueous saturated sodium thiosulfate (10 mL), and water (5 mL). The layers were separated, and the organic layer was washed with water (3 x 5 mL) and brine (10 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude reaction was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (5-25% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford methyl (1R,4S or 1S,4R)-4-(5-bromo-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C13H19BrNO3S [M+H]+ 348 and 350, found 348 and 350. 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ 7.58 (s, 1 H); 3.69 (s, 3 H); 2.45 (s, 1 H); 2.36 (t, J = 12.8, 3.1 Hz, 1 H); 2.21 (m, 1 H); 1.94 (m, 3 H); 1.75 (m, 2 H); 1.19 (s, 3H); 1.06 (s, 3 H).
  • The intermediates in the following table were prepared according to the method described for Preparative Example 4.7.
    Prep. Ex. Structure Chemical Name Exact Mass [M+H]+ [M+H]+ Observed
    4.8
    Figure imgb0036
         		butyl trans-4-(1-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecar boxylate 390 and 392 390 and 392
    • Preparative Example 5 - Preparation of Thiazole-Cy Arylamine Precursors Preparative Example 5.1 - (trans)-Butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0037
  • Step 1: Triethylamine (1.32 mL, 9.48 mmol) was added to a mixture of 4-bromo-1H-indol-6-amine (2.0 g, 9.48 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (2.64 mL, 11.37 mmol) in dichloroethane (40 mL) and mixture allowed to stir at 50 °C for 3 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica (0-5% acetone/dichloromethane) to afford tert-butyl (4-bromo-1H-indol-6-yl)carbamate. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.25 (s, 1H), 9.35 (m, 1H), 7.62 (m, 1H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 6.22 (m, 1H), 1.43 (s, 9H).
  • Step 2: tert-Butyl (4-bromo-1H-indol-6-yl)carbamate (1.0 g, 3.21 mmol), (bispinacolato)diboron (1.63 g, 6.43 mmol), tricyclohexylphosphine (0.09 g, 0.32 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.07 g, 0.08 mmol), potassium acetate (0.51 g, 5.14 mmol) and dioxane (15 mL) were combined in a nitrogen purged flask and the suspension was heated to 95 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature and was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). The organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica (5-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford tert-butyl (4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indol-6-yl)carbamate as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C19H28BN2O4 [M+H]+ 359, found 359.
  • Step 3: tert-Butyl (4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indol-6-yl)carbamate (200 mg, 0.56 mmol), (trans)-butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (218 mg, 0.56 mmol), cesium carbonate (546 mg, 1.68 mmol), dicyclohexyl(2',4',6'-triisopropyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (26.6 mg, 0.06 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (25.6 mg, 0.03 mmol), dioxane (2 mL) and water (0.2 mL) were combine in a nitrogen purged microwave vial. The reaction was sealed and heated to 100 °C for 2 hours. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, quenched into water and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x). The organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica (10-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford (trans)-butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-(6-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate as a foam. MS ESI calcd. for C29H40N3O5S [M+H]+ 542, found 542.
  • Step 4: Trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL, 12.98 mmol) was added to (trans)-butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-(6-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (150 mg, 0.28 mmol) dissolved in dichloromethane (2 mL). The mixture was allowed to stir for 30 minutes. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to an oil. The oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (trans)-butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate as an oil/foam. MS ESI calcd. for C24H32N3O3S [M+H]+ 442, found 442.
  • The intermediates in the following table were prepared according to the method described for Preparative Example 5.1.
    Prep. Ex. Structure Chemical Name Exact Mass [M+H]+ [M+H]+ Observed
    5.2
    Figure imgb0038
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxyl ate 400 400
    5.3
    Figure imgb0039
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(6-amino-1-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxyl ate 414 414
    5.4
    Figure imgb0040
         		1-(5-(6-amino-1 H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclobutanol 286 286
    • Preparative Example 5.5 - (1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(7-aminoquinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate
  • Figure imgb0041
  • Step 1: Ethyl acetate (5 mL) was added to a nitrogen purged flask containing (1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(7-aminoquinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate (119 mg, 0.27 mmol), followed by 10% palladium on carbon (28.7 mg, 0.27 mmol). The reaction was purged with hydrogen (3x) and allowed to stir under a hydrogen atmosphere for 24 hours. The reaction was filtered through CELITE and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford (1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(7-aminoquinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate. MS ESI calcd. for C22H26N3O3S [M+H]+ 412, found 412.
  • The intermediates in the following table were prepared according to the method described for Preparative Example 5.5.
    Prep. Ex. Structure Chemical Name Exact Mass [M+H]+ [M+H]+ Observed
    5.6
    Figure imgb0042
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-methyl 4-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxyl ate 400 400
    5.7
    Figure imgb0043
         		tert-butyl 5-amino-3-(2-((cis)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)thiazol-5-yl)-1Hindole-1-carboxylate 486 486
    5.8
    Figure imgb0044
         		tert-butyl 6-amino-3-(2-((R or S)-1-((trans)-4-butoxycarbonyl)cyclohexyl)-1-hydroxyethyl)thiazol-5-yl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate 542 542
    5.9
    Figure imgb0045
         		tert-butyl 5-amino-3-(2-((R or S)-1-((trans)-4-butoxycarbonyl)cyclohexyl)-1-hydroxyethyl)thiazol-5-yl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate 542 542
    5.10
    Figure imgb0046
         		tert-butyl 5-amino-3-(2-((R or S)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-hydroxycyclohexyl)thiazol-5-yl)-1H-indazole-1-carboxylate 487 487
    • Example 1 - Preparation of Compounds of Formula (I) using the Methods Illustrated in Scheme 1 Example 1.1 - (trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
  • Figure imgb0047
  • Step 1: (trans)-Butyl 4-((R or S)-1-(5-(6-amino-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-1-hydroxyethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (122 mg, 0.27 mmol), 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine (76 mg, 0.41 mmol), cesium carbonate (225 mg, 0.69 mmol), palladium acetate (12.41 mg, 0.06 mmol), Xantphos (48.0 mg, 0.08 mmol) and dioxane (2 mL) were combined in a nitrogen purged flask. Nitrogen was bubbled through the reaction for 5 minutes, the reaction sealed and heated at 100 °C for 2 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, quenched into brine and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x). The organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica (10-50% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to afford (trans)-butyl 4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate. MS ESI calcd. for C34H34F6N7O3S [M+H]+ 734, found 734.
  • Step 2: (trans)-Butyl 4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate (103 mg, 0.14 mmol) was dissolved in THF (1 mL) and methanol (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (1.0 M, 0.7 mL, 0.70 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 6 hours, cooled to room temperature and quenched with HCl (2 M, 0.35 mL, 0.70 mmol). The reaction mixture was purified by reverse phase chromatography to afford (trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid as a yellow foam. MS ESI calcd. for C25H25F3N5O3S [M+H]+ 532, found 532. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.31 (s, 1H), 10.17 (s, 1H), 8.79 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (m, 1H), 2.10-1.02 (m, 12H), 1.50 (S, 3H).
  • The examples in the following table were prepared in an analogous manner to that described for Example 1.1, step 1, and where appropriate, step 2 as well.
    Ex. No. Structure Chemical Name [M+H]+ Calc'd [M+H]+ Obsv'd Form(s)
    1.2
    Figure imgb0048
         		1-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclobutanol 432 432 Free Base
    1.3
    Figure imgb0049
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 532 532 TFA Salt
    1.4
    Figure imgb0050
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5 -(1-methyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 546 546 TFA Salt
    1.5
    Figure imgb0051
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 544 544 TFA Salt
    1.6
    Figure imgb0052
         		(trans)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 544 544 TFA Salt
    1.7
    Figure imgb0053
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 532 532 TFA Salt
    1.8
    Figure imgb0054
         		cis-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 504 504 TFA Salt
    1.9
    Figure imgb0055
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 532 532 TFA Salt
    1.10
    Figure imgb0056
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 532 532 TFA Salt
    1.11
    Figure imgb0057
         		cis 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 505 505 TFA Salt
    1.12
    Figure imgb0058
         		cis 4-(5-(5-((4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid 486 486 TFA Salt
    • Example 2 - Preparation of Compounds of Formula (I) using the Methods Illustrated in Scheme 1
  • Example 2.1 - (cis)-4-(5-(6-((4-(1H-1,2,3-Triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid
    Figure imgb0059
  • Step 1: (cis)-Ethyl 4-(5-bromothiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate (16.3 mg, 0.05 mmol), (6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)boronic acid (30 mg, 0.05 mmol), tris(dibenzylidene acetone)dipalladium(0) (2 mg, 0.02 mmol), X-Phos (2 mg, 0.04 mmol), and cesium carbonate (63.5 mg, 0.20 mmol) were combined in a vial and the mixture was vacuum purged with argon (3x). Degassed 1,4-dioxane (0.22 mL) and water (0.02 mL) were added, and the reaction was heated to 100 °C for 16 hours, after which time the reaction was cooled to room temperature and poured into a mixture of ethyl acetate and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water modified with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) to afford (cis)-ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate. MS ESI calcd. for C36H39N8O6S [M + H]+ 711, found 711.
  • Step 2: Sodium hydroxide (10 mg, 0.10 mmol) was added to a solution of (cis)-ethyl 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate TFA salt (14 mg, 0.02 mmol) in ethanol (1 mL) and the reaction was heated to 50 °C for 64 hours, after which time trifluoroacetic acid (0.08 mL, 0.10 mmol) was added and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide (cis)-4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, which was used without further purification. MS ESI calcd. for C34H35N8O6S [M + H]+ 683 found 683.
  • Step 3: Trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) was added to a flask containing (cis)-4-hydroxy-4-(5-(6-((4-(1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (13 mg, 0.02 mmol) and the reaction was heated to 60 °C for 2 hours, after which time the reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, at which temperature the reaction was stirred for a further 16 hours. The reaction was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC (acetonitrile/water modified with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid). Lyopholization of the product containing fractions furnished (cis)-4-(5-(6-((4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid TFA salt as a solid. MS ESI calcd. for C26H27N8O5S [M + H]+ 563, found 563. 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 12.04 (s, 1H), 10.91 (d, J = 18.1, 1H), 9.71-9.65 (m, 1H), 8.52 (d, J = 4.4, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.75-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.31 (m, 1H), 5.91 (s, 1H), 2.30 - 2.18 (m, 1H), 1.94 - 1.84 (m, 2H), 1.84 - 1.70 (m, 6H), 1.44 (s, 6H), 1.25 - 1.00 (m, 2H).
  • The examples in the following table were prepared in an analogous manner to that described for Example 2.1, step 1, and where appropriate, step 2 and/or step 3 as well.
    Ex. No. Structure Chemical Name [M+H]+ Calc'd [M+H]+ Obsv'd Form(s)
    2.2
    Figure imgb0060
         		8-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 492 492 Free Base
    2.3
    Figure imgb0061
         		8-[2-(2,2-difluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino} -2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 502 502 Free Base
    2.4
    Figure imgb0062
         		4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one 449 449 Free Base
    2.5
    Figure imgb0063
         		2,2-dimethyl-8-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 534 534 Free Base
    2.6
    Figure imgb0064
         		ethyl cis-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxy late 582 582 TFA Salt
    2.7
    Figure imgb0065
         		cis-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxy lic acid 554 554 Free Base
    2.8
    Figure imgb0066
         		(1S,4R or 1R,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 533 533 TFA Salt
    2.9
    Figure imgb0067
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2 - yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid 561 561 TFA Salt
    2.10
    Figure imgb0068
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 533 533 TFA Salt
    2.11
    Figure imgb0069
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 533 533 Free Base
    2.12
    Figure imgb0070
         		(trans)-4-((R or S)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 533 533 Free Base
    • Example 3 - Compounds of Formula (I) using the General Methods Illustrated in Scheme 3
  • The description provided in Example 3 is a prophetic example.
    • Procedure A
  • This general procedure describes the procedure for conversion of (A1) to (A) as shown in Scheme 3. To a mixture of compound of formula (A1) (1 mmol), 1° or 2° alcohol (5 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (resin-bound, 1.6 mmol / g loading, 2 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran is added di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (2 mmol) at 20°C. The reaction mixture is stirred at 20°C for 16 hours. The reaction mixture is diluted with TFA (1 mL) and water (1 drop). The mixture is stirred for 30 minutes. The mixture is then filtered through CELITE, washing with dichloromethane (3x). The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude residue TFA salt. The residue is diluted carefully with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and ethyl acetate. The organic layer is separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude residue free base. The residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel to afford the product residue. The residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of structural subtype (A).
  • The following compounds could be prepared according to procedures which are analogous to those described in Example 3, Procedure A.
    Figure imgb0071
    Ex. No. RA
    3.1
    Figure imgb0072
    3.2
    Figure imgb0073
    3.3
    Figure imgb0074
    3.4
    Figure imgb0075
    3.5
    Figure imgb0076
    3.6
    Figure imgb0077
    3.7
    Figure imgb0078
    3.8
    Figure imgb0079
    3.9
    Figure imgb0080
    3.10
    Figure imgb0081
    3.11
    Figure imgb0082
    3.12
    Figure imgb0083
    3.13
    Figure imgb0084
    3.14
    Figure imgb0085
    3.15
    Figure imgb0086
    3.16
    Figure imgb0087
    3.17
    Figure imgb0088
    3.18
    Figure imgb0089
    3.19
    Figure imgb0090
    3.20
    Figure imgb0091
    • Procedure B
  • Figure imgb0092
  • This general procedure describes the procedure for conversion of (A1) to (C) as shown in Scheme 3. A mixture of compound of formula (A1) (1.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (2.0 mmol), and sodium iodide (0.50 mmol) in DMF is stirred at 20°C. After 30 minutes, alkyl halide of formula (C1) (0.95 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred at 20°C. After 16 hours, the reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (4x). The organic layer is separated, washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude residue. The residue is purified by colum chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the product residue. The residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of formula (C).
  • The following compounds could be prepared according to procedures which are analogous to those described in Example 3, Procedure B.
    Figure imgb0093
    Ex. No. RA
    3.21
    Figure imgb0094
    3.22
    Figure imgb0095
    3.23
    Figure imgb0096
    3.24
    Figure imgb0097
    • Procedure C
  • Figure imgb0098
  • This general procedure describes the procedure for conversion of (A1) to (B) as shown in Scheme 3. To a solution of compound of formula (A1) (1.0 mmol) in DMF is added potassium carbonate (2.0 mmol) and sodium iodide (0.20 mmol). After 75 minutes, alkyl halide of formula (B1) (1.0 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is stirred for an additional 4 hours. The reaction mixture is then partitioned between ethyl acetate and aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate. The layers are separated, and then the organic layer is washed with water (3x) and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the product residue. The residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of formula (B).
  • The following compounds could be prepared according to procedures which were analogous to those described in Example 3, Procedure C.
    Figure imgb0099
    Ex. No. RA
    3.25
    Figure imgb0100
    3.26
    Figure imgb0101
    3.27
    Figure imgb0102
    3.28
    Figure imgb0103
    • Example 4 - Compounds of Formula (I) using the General Methods Illustrated in Scheme 4
  • The description provided in Example 4 is a prophetic example.
    Figure imgb0104
  • This general procedure describes the procedure for conversion of (A1) to (D) as shown in Scheme 4. To a suspension of compound of formula (A1) (1.0 mmol) in 1:1 methanol: dichloromethane is added trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2.0 M in diethyl ether, 1.0 mmol) at 0°C. The reaction mixture is stirred at 0°C until all gas evolution ceases. The reaction mixture is allowed to warm to ambient temperature and quenched by the addition of several drops of acetic acid. The reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate/hexanes, linear gradient) to afford the product residue. The residue is lyophilized from acetonitrile and water to afford a compound of formula (D).
    • Example 5 - Preparation of Hydroxyalkyl Esters
  • The description provided in Example 5 is a prophetic example.
    Figure imgb0105
  • A mixture of compounds of formula (A1) (1.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (6.0 mmol) and sodium iodide (1.0 mmol) in DMF is stirred for 10 minutes at ambient temperature. To this mixture is added 2-chloroethanol (4.0 mmol) and the reaction mixture is heated at 60 °C for 16 hours. After 16 hours, additional 2-chloroethanol (1.0 mmol) is added and the reaction mixture is heated to 65 °C for an additional 2 hours. The reaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate and washed sequentially with water (3x), aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2x), additional water (3x), and brine (2x). The organic layer is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude product residue. The residue is purified by column chromatography on silica gel ([3% (1.0 M ammonia in dioxane) in ethyl acetate]/[3% (1.0M ammonia in dioxane) in dichloromethane], linear gradient) to afford a compound of formula (E).
  • The suitability of the compounds of Formula (I) as prodrugs of Syk inhibitors can be tested as described below.
    • Hydrolysis Assay:
  • Analysis of Hydrolysis of Prodrug to Parent Species
    Figure imgb0106
  • The stability of prodrugs is investigated in human liver S9 microsomes. Incubations of prodrugs (10 µM) with liver S9 (1 mg protein/mL) are carried out at 37°C in a phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, containing 1 mM NADPH. Control incubations contain BSA (1.1 mg/mL) instead of liver S9 microsomes. Aliquots are removed at 0, 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min, treat with 4 volumes of acetonitrile containing 2% formic acid and an internal standard, and centrifuge. The supernatants are analyzed by LC-MS/MS for prodrug disappearance and appearance of active drug. The half-life of the prodrug is calculated from the % prodrug remaining at different time points calculated from on the peak area ratio relative to t=0. The amount of active drug generated at the different time points is determined using a standard curve.
    • BIOLOGICAL ASSAY Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) Assay For The Recombinant Human Syk Enzyme
  • A recombinant GST-hSYK fusion protein was used to measure potency of compounds to inhibit human Syk activity. The recombinant human GST-SYK (Carna Biosciences #08-176) (5 pM final concentration) was incubated with various concentrations of the inhibitor diluted in DMSO (0.1% final concentration) for 10 minutes at room temperature in 15 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 0.01% tween 20, 2 mM DTT in 384 well plate format. To initiate the reaction the biotinylated substrate peptide (250 nM final concentration) that contains the phosphorylation site for Syk was added with magnesium (5 mM final concentration) and ATP (25 µM final concentration). Final volume of the reaction was 10 µL. Phosphorylation of the peptide was allowed to proceed for 45' at room temperature. To quench the reaction and detect the phosphorylated product, 2 nM of a Europium-anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (Perkin Elmer #AD0161) and 70 nM SA-APC (Perkin-Elmer #CR130-100) were added together in 15 mM Tris pH 7.5, 40 mM EDTA, 0.01% tween 20. Final volume of the quenching solution was 10 µL.
  • The resulting HTRF signal was measured after 30 minutes on an EnVision (Perkin-Elmer) reader using a time-resolved fluorescence protocol. Table A below lists activities as IC50 values (nM) for representative compounds of the invention. Table A
    Ex. No. rhSYK Activity
    1.1 0.5
    1.2 10.37
    1.3 0.06
    1.4 0.477
    1.5 63.2
    1.6 61.6
    1.7 49
    1.8 0.5
    1.9 39.9
    1.10 0.6
    1.11 0.5
    1.12 0.5
    2.1 0.3
    2.2 13.19
    2.3 15.38
    2.4 10.11
    2.5 35.85
    2.6 7.099
    2.7 0.3659
    2.8 0.5518
    2.9 0.8657
    2.10 0.1137
    2.11 0.5
    2.12 0.5
  • While the present invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, many alternatives, modifications and other variations thereof will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims (19)

  1. A compound of the Formula (I)
    Figure imgb0107
     or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
    ring B is a 9- or 10-membered bicyclic heteroaryl or heterocyclyl ring containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S;
    R1 is selected from the group consisting of:
    (a) H;
    (b) C1-C3 alkyl;
    (c) C1-C3 fluoroalkyl;
    (d) C1-C3 alkoxy; and
    (e) C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
    R2 is selected from the group consisting of H and halo;
    R3 is selected from the group consisting of
    (a) H;
    (b) C1-C3 alkyl;
    (c) C1-C3 alkoxy; and
    (d) halo; or
    two R3 when substituted on a common carbon atom together with the carbon atom form a carbonyl;
    R4 is selected from the group consisting of:
    (i)
    Figure imgb0108
    (ii)
    Figure imgb0109
     and
    (iii)
    Figure imgb0110
    ring Cy is a mono- or bicyclic carbocyclic ring system containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms;
    ring CA is phenyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl;
    R5 is -C(O)ORA or -C(O)NH2;
    R6 is C1-C3 alkyl or halo;
    R7 is H or C1-C3 alkyl;
    R8 is H or F;
    the subscript r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
    the subscript s is 0 or 1;
    the subscript t is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5;
    RA is independently selected from the group consisting of:
    (a) H;
    (b) C1-C8 alkyl;
    (c) a group of the formula -M-RCH, wherein
    M is a bond or -(CH2)n1-, wherein the subscript n1 is 1 or 2;
    RCH is (a) aryl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1-3 groups independently selected from halo, C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C4 alkoxy; or (b) a 5- to 6-membered monocyclic heterocycle containing 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N and O, wherein said heterocycle of RCH is optionally substituted with 1 or 2 groups independently selected from the group consisting of oxo and C1-3 alkyl;
    (d) a group of the formula -(CH2)n1-Rm or -(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-Rm wherein
    Rm is -CO2Rm1, -C(O)N(Rm2)2, or -O(CO)Rm1;
    Rm1 is C1-C4 alkyl; and
    Rm2 is H or C1-C4 alkyl;
    (e) a group of the formula -(CH2)2-Rn, Rn is -OH, -O-(C1-C4 alkyl), -O-(CH2)2-O-(C1-C4 alkyl), -NH2, -N(H)(C1-C4 alkyl) or -N(C1-C4 alkyl)2;
    (f) a group of the formula
    Figure imgb0111
     wherein
    Ro is H or C1-C4 alkyl; and
    Rp is C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, or phenyl; and,
    (g) a group of the formula
    Figure imgb0112
     wherein Ro and Rp are as set forth above.
  2. The compound of any one of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, -CF3, and -CF2.
  3. The compound of any one of claim 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1 is -CF3 or -CF2.
  4. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R2 is H.
  5. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R3 is H or methyl.
  6. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein ring B is selected from the group consisting of indole, quinoline, indazole, benzimidazole, and 3,4-dihydro-benzo[b][1,4]oxazine.
  7. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the moiety in Formula (I)
    Figure imgb0113
     is selected from the group consisting of:
    Figure imgb0114
    Figure imgb0115
    Figure imgb0116
  8. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R4 is
    Figure imgb0117
  9. The compound of claim 8 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. wherein Cy is cyclobutyl or cyclohexyl.
  10. The compound of claim 8 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
    Cy is cyclohexyl;
    R5 is -C(O)ORA;
    R6 is methyl;
    the subscript s is 1; and
    the subscript t is 0, 1, or 2.
  11. The compound of claim 9 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Cy is cyclobutyl; and
    the subscripts s and t are both 0.
  12. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R4 is
    Figure imgb0118
  13. The compound of claim 12 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein
    CA is cyclohexyl;
    R5 is -C(O)ORA;
    R7 is H or methyl;
    the subscript s is 1; and
    the subscript t is 0, 1, or 2.
  14. The compound of any one of claims 1-10, 11, and 12, wherein R5 is -C(O)ORA.
  15. The compound of claim 14 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ra is H.
  16. The compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptably salt thereof, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    1-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclobutanol;
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(1-methyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indol-4-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (trans)-1-hydroxy-1-(5-(7-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)quinolin-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (cis)-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (cis) 4-hydroxy-4-(5-(5-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (cis)-4-(5-(5-((4-(difluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (cis)-4-(5-(6-((4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    8-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    8-[2-(2,2-difluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    4-[2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one;
    2,2-dimethyl-8-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]-6-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one;
    ethyl (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate;
    (cis)-4-[5-(2,2-dimethyl-6-{[4-(1-methylethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-8-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1Hindazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-[5-(5-{[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1H-indazol-7-yl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]ethyl}cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-indazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; and
    (trans)-4-(1-hydroxy-1-(5-(6-((4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-yl)ethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid;
    or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  17. The compound any one of claims 1-16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ulcerative colitis, Crohns disease, bronchitis, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, urticaria, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), multiple sclerosis, cancer, HIV or lupus.
  18. The compound of any of claims 1-16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in therapy.
  19. A combination comprising a compound of any of claims 1-16 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one additional therapeutic agent for use in the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), ulcerative colitis, Crohns disease, bronchitis, dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, urticaria, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), multiple sclerosis, cancer, HIV or lupus.
EP14872226.7A 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors Active EP3083559B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361918975P 2013-12-20 2013-12-20
PCT/US2014/071026 WO2015095445A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3083559A1 EP3083559A1 (en) 2016-10-26
EP3083559A4 EP3083559A4 (en) 2017-06-07
EP3083559B1 true EP3083559B1 (en) 2021-03-10

Family

ID=53403671

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14872226.7A Active EP3083559B1 (en) 2013-12-20 2014-12-18 Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US9822107B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3083559B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015095445A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ712453A (en) 2013-03-15 2020-06-26 Incyte Holdings Corp Tricyclic heterocycles as bet protein inhibitors
US9309246B2 (en) 2013-12-19 2016-04-12 Incyte Corporation Tricyclic heterocycles as BET protein inhibitors
WO2015095445A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
WO2015095444A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9783531B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2017-10-10 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP3116506B1 (en) 2014-03-13 2019-04-17 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 2-pyrazine carboxamides as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EA034972B1 (en) 2014-04-23 2020-04-13 Инсайт Корпорейшн 1H-PYRROLO[2,3-c]PYRIDIN-7(6H)-ONES AS INHIBITORS OF BET PROTEINS
JP6599979B2 (en) 2014-09-15 2019-10-30 インサイト・コーポレイション Tricyclic heterocyclic compounds for use as BET protein inhibitors
AR106520A1 (en) 2015-10-29 2018-01-24 Incyte Corp SOLID FORM AMORFA OF A BET PROTEIN INHIBITOR
CN109153678B (en) * 2016-05-27 2020-04-14 石药集团中奇制药技术（石家庄）有限公司 Heterocyclic compounds as FGFR4 inhibitors
KR20240033293A (en) * 2016-06-20 2024-03-12 인사이트 코포레이션 Crystalline solid forms of a bet inhibitor
JP2022526713A (en) 2019-03-21 2022-05-26 オンクセオ Dbait molecule in combination with a kinase inhibitor for the treatment of cancer
CN114761006A (en) 2019-11-08 2022-07-15 Inserm(法国国家健康医学研究院) Methods of treating cancer resistant to kinase inhibitors
WO2021148581A1 (en) 2020-01-22 2021-07-29 Onxeo Novel dbait molecule and its use
US11833155B2 (en) 2020-06-03 2023-12-05 Incyte Corporation Combination therapy for treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms
CN116425721B (en) * 2022-12-19 2024-02-02 艾立康药业股份有限公司 Bicyclic compounds as MAT2A inhibitors

Family Cites Families (83)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0377020A4 (en) 1988-06-01 1991-04-24 Vision Science, Inc. Method and apparatus for manufacturing disposable optical molds
AU3578695A (en) 1995-10-02 1997-04-28 Eisai Co. Ltd. Acridone derivative
US6432963B1 (en) 1997-12-15 2002-08-13 Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Pyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivatives
DE60017898T2 (en) 1999-06-09 2006-01-12 Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. NOVEL HETEROCYCLIC CARBOXAMIDE DERIVATIVES
GB9918035D0 (en) 1999-07-30 1999-09-29 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
JP2001302667A (en) 2000-04-28 2001-10-31 Bayer Ag Imidazopyrimidine derivative and triazolopyrimidine derivative
US6248790B1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-06-19 Parker Hughes Institute Treatment of inflammation with 2,4,6-trihydroxy-alpha-rho-methoxyphenylacetophenone, or its pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives
ES2274035T3 (en) 2001-06-01 2007-05-16 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated USEFUL TIAZOL COMPOUNDS AS PROTEIN QUINASE INHIBITORS.
JP2005247690A (en) 2002-01-08 2005-09-15 Nippon Nohyaku Co Ltd Method for producing 6,6,6-trifluoro-3,5-dioxohexanoic acid ester and its tautomer
TWI329105B (en) 2002-02-01 2010-08-21 Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds and their uses
GB0206215D0 (en) 2002-03-15 2002-05-01 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
WO2004035604A2 (en) 2002-10-16 2004-04-29 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Spleen tyrosine kinase catalytic domain:crystal structure and binding pockets thereof
JP2004203748A (en) 2002-12-24 2004-07-22 Kissei Pharmaceut Co Ltd NEW IMIDAZO[1,2-c]PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVE, MEDICINAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME AND APPLICATION THEREOF
CA2518398A1 (en) 2003-03-10 2004-09-23 Schering Corporation Heterocyclic kinase inhibitors: methods of use and synthesis
ATE396731T1 (en) 2003-03-25 2008-06-15 Vertex Pharma THIAZOLES FOR USE AS INHIBITORS OF PROTEIN KINASES
AU2004225965A1 (en) 2003-03-25 2004-10-14 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Thiazoles useful as inhibitors of protein kinases
CN1849318B (en) 2003-07-30 2011-10-12 里格尔药品股份有限公司 Methods of treating or preventing autoimmune diseases with 2, 4-pyrimidinediamine compounds
ES2365223T3 (en) 2003-08-07 2011-09-26 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2,4-PYRIMIDINDIAMINE COMPOUNDS AND USES AS ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AGENTS.
AR045595A1 (en) 2003-09-04 2005-11-02 Vertex Pharma USEFUL COMPOSITIONS AS INHIBITORS OF KINASE PROTEINS
WO2005033103A1 (en) 2003-09-12 2005-04-14 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Quinoline compounds and their uses
GB0321710D0 (en) 2003-09-16 2003-10-15 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
BRPI0416128B8 (en) 2003-11-03 2021-06-22 Glaxo Group Ltd fluid dispensing device
EP1694671A2 (en) 2003-12-04 2006-08-30 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Quinoxalines useful as inhibitors of protein kinases
EP1781637A1 (en) 2004-06-29 2007-05-09 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2-substituted quinoline compounds and their uses as inhibitors of the ige receptor signaling cascade
AR050365A1 (en) * 2004-08-02 2006-10-18 Osi Pharm Inc INHIBITING COMPOUNDS OF ARIL-AMINO PIRROLOPIRIMIDINE PULROLOPIRIMIDINE REPLACED
EP1786783A1 (en) 2004-09-01 2007-05-23 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Synthesis of 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds
CA2584808A1 (en) 2004-10-29 2006-05-11 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Substituted pyridines with activity on syk kinase
SE0402735D0 (en) 2004-11-09 2004-11-09 Astrazeneca Ab Novel compounds
US7557207B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2009-07-07 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Spiro 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds and their uses
CN101115761B (en) 2005-01-19 2012-07-18 里格尔药品股份有限公司 Prodrugs of 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds and their uses
KR100917511B1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2009-09-16 니뽄 다바코 산교 가부시키가이샤 Novel aminopyridine compound with syk inhibitory activity
US7530158B2 (en) 2005-04-19 2009-05-12 Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands B.V. CPP read sensor fabrication using heat resistant photomask
WO2006129100A1 (en) 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Glaxo Group Limited Novel compounds
US7491732B2 (en) 2005-06-08 2009-02-17 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Compositions and methods for inhibition of the JAK pathway
CA2607901C (en) 2005-06-13 2016-08-16 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Methods and compositions for treating degenerative bone disorders using a syk inhibitory 2,4-pyrimidinediamine
PE20070362A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2007-04-23 Glaxo Group Ltd COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM INDAZOLE-4-IL-2,4-PYRIMIDINDIAMINE AS INHIBITORS OF TYROSINE KINASE (KINASE Syk)
WO2007028445A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2007-03-15 Glaxo Group Limited 6-indolyl-4-yl-amino-5-halogeno-2-pyrimidinyl-amino derivatives
GB0515026D0 (en) 2005-07-21 2005-08-31 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
WO2007042299A1 (en) 2005-10-13 2007-04-19 Glaxo Group Limited Pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as syk inhibitors
US7713987B2 (en) 2005-12-06 2010-05-11 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Pyrimidine-2,4-diamines and their uses
CA2633035C (en) 2005-12-15 2016-05-10 Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Kinase inhibitors and their uses
WO2007085540A1 (en) 2006-01-27 2007-08-02 Glaxo Group Limited 1h-indaz0l-4-yl-2 , 4-pyrimidinediamine derivatives
PL1984357T3 (en) 2006-02-17 2014-03-31 Rigel Pharmaceuticals Inc 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds for treating or preventing autoimmune diseases
WO2007107469A1 (en) 2006-03-20 2007-09-27 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Methods of inhibiting btk and syk protein kinases
AR062684A1 (en) 2006-09-08 2008-11-26 Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM PIRIDIN-3- ILO, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING THEM, AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE PREPARATION OF MEDICINES
CN101861314B (en) 2007-09-05 2013-07-24 里格尔制药公司 1-hydroxyl-2- naphthoate of N4-[(2, 2-difluoro-4N-benz0 [1,4] 0xazin-3-one) -6-yl] -5-fluoro-N2- [3- (methylaminocar bonylmethyleneoxy) phenyl] 2, 4-pyrimidinediamine
WO2009084695A1 (en) 2007-12-28 2009-07-09 Carna Biosciences Inc. 2-aminoquinazoline derivative
TW200938542A (en) 2008-02-01 2009-09-16 Irm Llc Compounds and compositions as kinase inhibitors
JP5496915B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2014-05-21 シージーアイ ファーマシューティカルズ，インコーポレーテッド 6-Aryl-imidazo [1,2-a] pyrazine derivatives, methods for their preparation, and methods for their use
SG165655A1 (en) 2008-04-16 2010-11-29 Portola Pharm Inc 2, 6-diamino- pyrimidin- 5-yl-carboxamides as syk or JAK kinases inhibitors
WO2009145856A1 (en) 2008-04-16 2009-12-03 Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2, 6-diamino-pyrimidin- 5-yl-carboxamides as syk or jak kinases inhibitors
CA2723185A1 (en) 2008-04-22 2009-10-29 Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Inhibitors of protein kinases
TWI453207B (en) 2008-09-08 2014-09-21 Signal Pharm Llc Aminotriazolopyridines, compositions thereof, and methods of treatment therewith
JP5696052B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2015-04-08 ギリアード コネチカット， インコーポレイテッド Imidazopyrazine SYK inhibitor
KR20170013414A (en) 2008-12-08 2017-02-06 질레드 코네티컷 인코포레이티드 Imidazopyrazine syk inhibitors
US8367689B2 (en) 2009-05-06 2013-02-05 Portola Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Inhibitors of JAK
US8735417B2 (en) 2009-12-17 2014-05-27 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Aminopyrimidines as Syk inhibitors
CN102858767B (en) 2009-12-17 2015-08-19 默沙东公司 As the aminopyrimidine of SYK inhibitor
US8962665B2 (en) 2010-01-12 2015-02-24 Ab Science Thiazole and oxazole kinase inhibitors
EP2441755A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-04-18 Almirall, S.A. Pyridine- and isoquinoline-derivatives as Syk and JAK kinase inhibitors
WO2012057262A1 (en) 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 日本新薬株式会社 Pyridine derivative and medicinal agent
KR20140025500A (en) 2011-05-04 2014-03-04 머크 샤프 앤드 돔 코포레이션 Amino-pyridine-containing spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) inhibitors
US9145391B2 (en) 2011-05-10 2015-09-29 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Bipyridylaminopyridines as Syk inhibitors
BR112013028900A2 (en) 2011-05-10 2017-01-03 Merck Sharp & Dohe Corp COMPOUND, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION, AND METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OR PREVENTION OF DISEASES
JP2014513687A (en) 2011-05-10 2014-06-05 メルク・シャープ・アンド・ドーム・コーポレーション Pyridylaminopyridine as a Syk inhibitor
WO2013052394A1 (en) 2011-10-05 2013-04-11 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 2-pyridyl carboxamide-containing spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) inhibitors
WO2013052391A1 (en) 2011-10-05 2013-04-11 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. PHENYL CARBOXAMIDE-CONTAINING SPLEEN TYROSINE KINASE (Syk) INHIBITORS
EP2763975B1 (en) 2011-10-05 2016-04-06 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. 3-pyridyl carboxamide-containing spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) inhibitors
WO2013192125A1 (en) 2012-06-20 2013-12-27 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Pyrazolyl derivatives as syk inhibitors
EP2863913B1 (en) 2012-06-20 2018-09-12 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Imidazolyl analogs as syk inhibitors
US9376418B2 (en) 2012-06-22 2016-06-28 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Substituted pyridine spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors
US9416111B2 (en) 2012-06-22 2016-08-16 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Substituted diazine and triazine spleen tyrosine kinease (Syk) inhibitors
WO2014031438A2 (en) 2012-08-20 2014-02-27 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. SUBSTITUTED PHENYL SPLEEN TYROSINE KINASE (Syk) INHIBITORS
US9586931B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-03-07 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Triazolyl derivatives as Syk inhibitors
EP2916837A4 (en) 2012-11-07 2016-07-20 Merck Sharp & Dohme Prodrug bipyridylaminopyridines as syk inhibitors
WO2014074422A1 (en) 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Amino-pyridine-containing spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) inhibitors
EP2931281B1 (en) 2012-12-12 2018-01-17 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Amino-pyrimidine-containing spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9598405B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2017-03-21 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminopyridines as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP2988749B1 (en) 2013-04-26 2019-08-14 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminopyrimidines as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9745295B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2017-08-29 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9783531B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2017-10-10 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
WO2015095444A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
WO2015095445A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3083559A1 (en) 2016-10-26
US20160340351A1 (en) 2016-11-24
EP3083559A4 (en) 2017-06-07
WO2015095445A1 (en) 2015-06-25
US9822107B2 (en) 2017-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3083559B1 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9416111B2 (en) Substituted diazine and triazine spleen tyrosine kinease (Syk) inhibitors
EP2934525B1 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminopyridines as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP2900665B1 (en) Triazolyl derivatives as syk inhibitors
EP2707357B1 (en) Pyridyl aminopyridines as syk inhibitors
US9745295B2 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
US9353066B2 (en) Substituted phenyl-Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) inhibitors
US9487504B2 (en) Imidazolyl analogs as syk inhibitors
EP2988749B1 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminopyrimidines as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP3082807B1 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP3116506B1 (en) 2-pyrazine carboxamides as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors
EP3083560B1 (en) Thiazole-substituted aminoheteroaryls as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20160720

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 20170509

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: A61P 37/08 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 17/06 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 19/02 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 11/08 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: C07D 417/12 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61K 31/5377 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61K 31/506 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: C07D 213/72 20060101AFI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 35/00 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 17/00 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61P 11/06 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: A61K 31/538 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

Ipc: C07D 417/14 20060101ALI20170502BHEP

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20190220

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20200928

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1369685

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210315

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602014075647

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210611

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210610

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210610

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1369685

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210310

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210712

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210710

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602014075647

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20211213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210710

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20211231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 602014075647

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: MERCK SHARP & DOHME LLC, RAHWAY, US

Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: MERCK CANADA INC., KIRKLAND, QUEBEC, CA; MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP., RAHWAY, N.J., US

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R081

Ref document number: 602014075647

Country of ref document: DE

Owner name: MERCK CANADA INC., KIRKLAND, CA

Free format text: FORMER OWNERS: MERCK CANADA INC., KIRKLAND, QUEBEC, CA; MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP., RAHWAY, N.J., US

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211218

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211218

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20221013 AND 20221019

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20141218

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20210310

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231108

Year of fee payment: 10