EP3079917B1 - Document de sécurité doté d'un système de contrôle d'un circuit et procédé de contrôle d'un circuit dans un document de sécurité - Google Patents

Document de sécurité doté d'un système de contrôle d'un circuit et procédé de contrôle d'un circuit dans un document de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3079917B1
EP3079917B1 EP14809441.0A EP14809441A EP3079917B1 EP 3079917 B1 EP3079917 B1 EP 3079917B1 EP 14809441 A EP14809441 A EP 14809441A EP 3079917 B1 EP3079917 B1 EP 3079917B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security
excitation
electric
security document
color
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14809441.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3079917A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan TRÖLENBERG
Jörg Fischer
Olga Kulikovska
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Publication of EP3079917A1 publication Critical patent/EP3079917A1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/04—Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/305—Associated digital information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/01—Testing electronic circuits therein
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G07D7/1205—Testing spectral properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to a security document with an integrated circuit and a method for its testing.
  • Security documents are known from the prior art which contain an electronic circuit, for example a microchip or the like. Most bank cards, credit cards but also modern German identity cards or so-called electronic passports fall into this category of security documents.
  • microchips which can be read out via a communication method by means of a reading device.
  • electrical contacts are formed on a surface via which a mechanical electrical contact can be formed.
  • PICC proximity integrated circuit cards
  • Communication is done by modulating a radio frequency signal in the frequency range of about 13.56 MHz. This results in signal sections with different amplitude. From this, a so-called modulation index can be calculated, which should be within a certain predetermined value range, in order to ensure the least error-prone communication possible. From the DE 10 2009 009 846 A1 Methods for operating a card reader and a card reader are known. This is carried out more advantageously to perform a communication with a contactless readable card according to the standard ISO / IEC 14443 Type B.
  • the magnetic field is received and evaluated via a receiving antenna of the card reader.
  • the modulation index is used for deviations between The measured modulation index and the default value for the modulation index are readjusted or regulated in order to approximate the measured modulation index to the default value.
  • printing inks are known whose color impression is brought about by means of microparticles contained in one color, which are aligned with one another and arranged in a crystal structure.
  • printing inks are described which have a multiplicity of particles in a printing medium which are dispersed in the medium and have electrical or magnetic properties such that they align with one another in a crystal structure when an electric or magnetic field is used.
  • This crystal structure ensures that light of a specific wavelength can propagate only along certain directions or not at all in the crystal structure and is reflected accordingly. This causes a color impression due to the wavelength-selectively reflected light.
  • a body color can be spoken of a structural color, since a geometric arrangement of the colloidal particles is responsible for the expression of the color. It is known to use such structural colors for the manufacture of objects whose color impression is easily changeable to a human observer.
  • the WO 2010/142391 A1 describes a security element with an external magnetic field changeable optical appearance. It is envisaged that the security element comprises a multiplicity of microcapsules which contain a suspension of a carrier liquid and magnetic nanoparticles which reversibly form a photonic crystal in an external magnetic field of a magnet in the microcapsules.
  • a technology for improving communication between a reader and a chip module.
  • a booster antenna structure for a chip card is described, wherein the booster antenna structure comprises a booster antenna and an additional electrically conductive structure connected to the booster antenna.
  • This technology is also known as coil on module technology.
  • the DE 10 2010 045 569 A1 describes a portable data carrier, in particular a chip card, with a arranged on a card body Flux detector, which is formed by a film with magnetic particles enclosed therein in a gelatinous suspension and the function of the course of a magnetic field acting on it due to the orientation of magnetic particles change color, which makes the magnetic field visible. Below the flux detector, at least one core surrounded by a coil is arranged, wherein when the coil is excited by a field, in particular a near field, of a reader, the remanence of the core is indicated by the flux detector. Just such disks are in the EP 2 431 924 A1 described.
  • a security element for a data carrier which comprises a piezochromic, liquid-crystalline material arranged in a layer.
  • a piezochromic effect influences the polarization properties of the material, which in turn depends on the interaction with light.
  • the DE 10 2004 045 211 A1 describes a security document having a flexible support and a multilayer flexible film body applied to the flexible support that provides one or more optical security features.
  • the flexible multilayer film body has an electrically controlled display element for generating an optical security feature with an associated electrical current source for operating the display element in combination with an optically effective diffractive structure.
  • a security document with a security element is described.
  • the security element consists at least partially of a material which is optically changeable by an electric or magnetic field.
  • a corresponding method for producing such a security document and a checking method for checking such a security document are described.
  • the invention is therefore based on the technical object to improve a security document with an electrical or electronic circuit to facilitate their functional testing and to provide a method for testing such a circuit in a security document, with the simple way the circuit inside a security element is testable.
  • an electrical energy will be available.
  • electrical voltages and / or electrical currents occur.
  • the circuit will do so expands that an excitation structure with correct operation of the circuit, optionally only with the appropriate external specification, with a voltage or a current is applied.
  • the excitation structure is designed in such a way that a static magnetic or electric field is created when subjected to an area of the security document.
  • a security structure is arranged, which is formed with a structure color, which changes its color depending on the electric or magnetic field.
  • a color includes a variety of microcapsules. These contain a medium in which a plurality of particles having magnetic or electrical properties are dispersed.
  • the particles each arrange into a crystal structure in the individual capsules.
  • the distance between the particles determines the optical properties of the crystal structure. Due to the regular periodic arrangement of the particles, the light propagation for individual wavelengths is only possible or even impossible in certain spatial directions through the crystal structure. Then the light of this wavelength is completely reflected. This marks the color impression.
  • the crystal structure thus has the properties of a photonic crystal.
  • the planar overlaying of two structures which are arranged on one substrate layer or on two different substrate layers means the parallel alignment of the respective substrate layer sections or entire substrate layers on which the two structures are arranged.
  • the substrate layer sections or substrate layers are oriented such that a projection of the one structure parallel to the surface normal of the substrate layer section on which this structure is formed is projected onto the other substrate layer section or the other substrate layer. If the surface of the projected structure overlaps with the other structure formed on the substrate layer portion or other substrate to which the projection is made, there is a surface overlay. If the projection of one structure completely covers the other structure, one speaks of one complete overlay. If the two substrate layer sections are curved, they are considered to be parallel if their curvatures have the same center of curvature.
  • security features Features that can be used for verification and thus provide protection against unauthorized duplication or creation, tampering or the like are referred to as security features.
  • Entities having at least one security feature are referred to as security elements.
  • security elements Entities having at least one security feature.
  • any physically trained object that includes at least one security feature is a security element.
  • Security documents include i.a. Identity cards, driver's licenses, identity cards, but also banknotes, postage stamps, visas as well as fake labels and packaging, tickets or similar.
  • Value documents are security documents to which a value is assigned, e.g. Banknotes, postage stamps etc.
  • luminescent pigments Pigments which show emission of light as a result of excitation, for example exposure to UV light, are referred to as luminescent pigments.
  • the emission caused by the excitation is referred to as luminescence, the excitation as luminescence excitation.
  • a preparation that can be used to print information is also referred to as ink or ink.
  • a preparation whose color impression produced in the printed state is caused by pigments which absorb and / or remit / reflect certain wavelengths of light independently of ambient conditions and / or excitation are referred to as body colors.
  • Printing preparations or inks or inks whose color impression in the printed state is caused by the fact that a plurality of particles in one are arranged crystal-like regular structure, so that a light propagation of individual wavelengths through the crystal structure only in certain directions or not at all possible and this is a color impression is caused, are referred to as structural colors.
  • a color of light is determined by a wavelength of light.
  • a color is also called spectral color since, when a radiation comprising light of a continuous wavelength spectrum is split into wavelength-selective components, this component in each case produces a color impression characteristic of the selected wavelength.
  • white light is here considered an electromagnetic broadband radiation with a continuous wavelength spectrum.
  • the EP 2 463 111 A2 are known pressure preparations, which are structural colors.
  • printing preparations comprising a plurality of nano- or microparticles having electrical or magnetic properties which are arranged in an electric or magnetic field relative to each other in a crystal-like regular structure.
  • the crystal-like structures can be photonic crystals.
  • a photonic crystal is a regular periodic structure that promotes or suppresses light propagation for single or multiple wavelengths due to quantum mechanical effects. This creates a color impression of the corresponding photonic crystal.
  • Structure colors which have a changed color impression when excited, are also in the EP 2 463 111 A2 described. These may be formed so that the printing preparation comprises microcapsules enclosing a substrate or medium in which in turn a plurality of colloidal particles are arranged which have an electrical or magnetic property and in an electric or magnetic field relative to each other to a crystal or to arrange a crystal-like structure.
  • the colloidal particles may be, for example, charged particles comprising, for example, aluminum, copper, silver, tin, titanium, tungsten, zirconium, zinc, silicon, iron, nickel, goblin or the like.
  • the particles may further comprise a substance containing a polymer material, for example polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc.
  • uncharged particles may be coated with a charged material.
  • particles may be coated with metal inorganic oxides such as silicon oxide SiO x , titanium oxide TiO x , etc.
  • metal inorganic oxides such as silicon oxide SiO x , titanium oxide TiO x , etc.
  • polymer material coated particles coated with ion exchange resins and many more can also be used.
  • EP 2 463 111 A2 a variety of exemplary embodiments is described.
  • Field-free is a space in which neither an electric nor a magnetic field is present. For the purposes of the objects described here, this is understood to mean the absence of a specifically set electric or magnetic field. A field caused by magnetic particles or electrically charged particles intrinsically present in an article is left unattended. Similarly, the magnetic field strength caused by the earth's magnetic field is considered to be insignificant, so that a space is field-free despite the existing geomagnetic field, if no additional magnetic field is present in the room. Upon application of a voltage to electrodes of an article to form a field in the article, this field is not considered intrinsic. A space between two electrodes inside a security document is not field-free if an electrical voltage is applied between the two electrodes.
  • the space is considered field-free if there is no electric field, even if, for example, a magnetic field is present.
  • the space is field-free if there is no "outer” magnetic field with a field strength in the space that is greater than the field strength of the Earth's magnetic field.
  • a field strength which causes a structure excitation is denoted by E SA .
  • a binary spectrum is a spectrum in which one wavelength either has an intensity or no intensity.
  • a binary spectrum can be used to represent a wavelength range that encompasses several sections. The wavelengths which belong to the wavelength section are assigned the intensity 1, the remaining wavelengths the value 0.
  • a measured spectrum can also be represented as a binary spectrum by wavelengths whose measured intensity values are above a defined threshold intensity, the binary intensity value 1 and the remaining wavelengths of the binary intensity value 0 is assigned.
  • a security document as defined in claim 1 is provided.
  • the circuit arrangement is intact and if it applies this to the excitation structure with a voltage or a current, a color of the safety structure is generated or brought about which corresponds to a specific field strength. Thus, a remission of light of a wavelength or of wavelengths corresponding to or corresponding to this field strength is observed. If the transmission of light is examined, the safety structure for a wavelength or a section of wavelengths impairs or completely prevents transmission of light.
  • the examination is carried out in remission.
  • only the color of the remitted light must be determined. If this detected or observed color of a color having the structure color corresponds to a field strength that is generated by an intact circuit, then the circuit may be marked as intact or designated.
  • a change in the functional state of the circuit arrangement is triggered, so that, if the excitation structure has been subjected to the voltage and / or a current, if the circuit arrangement is intact, the admission or application is terminated and otherwise a Loading the excitation structure is made with an electrical voltage and / or an electric current, and again, depending on the wavelength, a remission of light at the safety structure or a transmission through the safety structure is determined as a function of the wavelength, while the supply device is in the changed state, the re-determined remission or the re-determined transmission are evaluated, and the wavelength range which is complementary to the wavelength ranges is derived as the predetermined wavelength range of the remission which, relative to a possible wavelength range which includes the wavelengths corresponding to colors, can take the structure color in which the remission determined again occurs, or the wavelength range of the transmission is derived from the wavelength range which, with respect to the possible wavelength range, is complementary to the wavelength ranges in which no transmission occurs
  • a change in the functional state of the circuit arrangement be effected; so far, if the voltage is applied to the excitation structure and / or a current is applied, the application or energizing is terminated and, otherwise, the excitation structure is subjected to an electrical voltage and / or current, and again a wavelength-dependent remission of light at the safety structure or a wavelength-dependent transmission through the safety structure is determined while the supply device is in the changed state, and comparing the two detected remissions or the detected transmissions, and determining a test result dependent on the comparison result, wherein the circuit arrangement is judged to be intact when a change in the wavelength-dependent remission has occurred.
  • the security structure when operated, preferably assumes a color in the visible wavelength range.
  • the remitted light is guided via a bandpass filter onto a photosensitive detector.
  • the bandpass filter is chosen so that this light, which lies in the predetermined wavelength range, lets happen, light of other wavelengths, which is remitted in the field-free state of the structure color, but blocks.
  • the correct functioning can be recognized by the fact that a remission is detected behind the filter. If a voltage with an intact circuit arrangement causes a field which leads to a remission of blue light, then a blue filter can be used which only allows blue light to pass. If the voltage is too low, for example, only light in the green or red wavelength range is remitted, which is blocked by the filter. It is thus possible to check whether a correct voltage is applied to the excitation structure.
  • An excitation structure which is particularly easy to produce comprises at least two electrodes arranged on opposite sides of the safety structure.
  • the security structure with the structure color is then arranged between the two electrodes. An electric field can thus be reliably generated in the area of the safety structure.
  • the electrodes are formed flat. Thus, in one embodiment, they completely cover the structure color formed in the security structure. Between two opposite flat electrodes, which are oriented parallel to each other, a homogeneous electric field is created. Thus, in the circuit structure test, the security structure obtains a uniform, homogeneous color when the circuitry is intact.
  • an inhomogeneous electric field can also arise. Even in an embodiment in which the two electrodes do not completely overlay the structure color of the security structure, parts of the structure color are in a field area which differs from the field is directly between the flat electrodes. In such a case, the color impression of the structure color changes depending on the field strength in the inhomogeneous field regions.
  • An inhomogeneous field can also be generated by a point-shaped electrode and another surface electrode arranged opposite the safety structure.
  • a development of the test method provides for a spatially resolved determination or detection of the remission or transmission in addition to the wavelength-dependent determination.
  • a picture of the security structure can be made with a color-sensitive camera.
  • a camera with a semiconductor chip can be used as the image capture device.
  • An image of such a camera can be used both for an evaluation of an expected color value and / or for evaluating a color change in connection with a triggered change of a functional state of the circuit arrangement and / or for evaluating and checking whether a color transition occurs as expected in the security structure.
  • At least one electrode is transparent. This makes it possible to arrange the electrodes in the viewing direction above and below the safety structure and yet be able to optically detect the safety structure.
  • the electrodes based on zinc sulfide (ZnS) can be produced. Such electrodes can be formed by a printing process and thus structured in the surface in a simple manner.
  • one or more electrodes by means of a grid or mesh of conductive material, for example metal or conductive pastes and printing preparations.
  • Two meshes or grids arranged parallel to one another generally also produce a homogeneous field, depending on a grid structure or mesh size. The smaller the mesh size in relation to the spacing of the mesh or grid, the more homogeneous the electric field.
  • Grids or grids can be formed with high transmission, which can be up to 90% or more, although the conductive structures are opaque. The transmission in the visible wavelength range is almost wavelength independent.
  • the excitation structure comprises a coil arrangement.
  • a coil arrangement preferably completely encloses the structure color of the security structure.
  • a part of the structure color may also be formed outside the coil arrangement in one embodiment.
  • the coil arrangement is preferably designed as a spiral-shaped conductor track.
  • the coil arrangement comprises only one conductor loop, which may also be shaped like a " ⁇ ", i. as the Greek capital letter Omega, can be trained.
  • Embodiments are also possible that include a coil assembly and an electrode assembly having two or more electrodes.
  • an electrode may be formed by the coil assembly.
  • the structure color of the safety structure is designed to be uniform in area.
  • the electrodes are preferably formed flat homogeneous. If, in addition, a color transition in the information of the structure color is desired, then the electrodes can be designed such that they produce an inhomogeneous field in the region of the safety structure.
  • the supply device comprises a high-frequency coupling device as well as a rectifier unit and a smoothing unit, so that the supply device can extract energy for generating the voltage and / or the current for the application of the excitation structure to an external high-frequency field.
  • a high-frequency alternating current is generated in the high-frequency coupling device, which via a rectifier of the rectifier unit and the smoothing unit in a DC voltage and / or a DC current is converted.
  • the high-frequency coupling device may be designed for a capacitive coupling or for an inductive coupling.
  • the rectifier unit includes, for example, a bridge rectifier. However, other rectifier circuits may be used.
  • the smoothing unit preferably comprises one or more capacitors, so that a DC voltage and / or a DC current are provided for the application.
  • the circuit arrangement with the supply device can be designed, for example, as an RFID circuit, which is expanded by the components for testing the circuit arrangement.
  • the supply device can thus comprise, for example, the RFID antenna.
  • the circuit arrangement is preferably arranged completely inside the security document. As a result, the circuit is well protected against manipulation and damage. Only contacts may be routed to one or more of the surfaces.
  • the supply device may comprise an electrochemical energy store. With this energy can be stored for a function of the circuit arrangement.
  • the circuit arrangement can comprise a switching device with which the application of the voltage and / or the current can be switched on and off. This can facilitate a targeted examination. Furthermore, energy savings can be achieved if no testing is necessary.
  • the circuit arrangement is designed as an RFID device, then it is possible to selectively transmit data to the circuit arrangement with the high-frequency field.
  • the circuit arrangement effects a change in the functional state as a result of such transmitted triggering information, preferably in that a switching device changes its switching state.
  • the functional state change can be targeted externally triggered.
  • the correct functioning of an RFID microchip of the circuit arrangement is generally necessary so that its functioning is tested in a simple manner can be. If the color change of the security structure occurs, the RFID chip is intact, the transmitted triggering information triggers no color change, the circuit arrangement and the microchip are defective.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises a haptic-actuated switch, which causes the state change of the supply device or the circuit arrangement.
  • a pressure-sensitive switch may be integrated into the security document.
  • An electrical switch can also be formed by guiding two electrical contacts to the surface, which connects a user of the security document via a finger or another actuating element or at least significantly changes their capacitive coupling.
  • insertion or removal of the security document into an external or an external alternating field in particular a high-frequency field of an RFID reader, can cause a functional state change of the circuit arrangement or the supply device.
  • the same causes an irradiation or termination of the irradiation of a high-frequency field.
  • the frequency 13.56 MHz is used.
  • other frequencies may be used.
  • an alternating magnetic field is irradiated.
  • a structure color contains a multiplicity of such microcapsules, which are responsible for the color impression of the structure color.
  • the microcapsules 10 each have a shell 11 which encloses a transparent substance 12 with colloidal particles, eg nanoparticles 13, contained therein.
  • the sheath 11 is formed of a transparent material.
  • the substrate 12 is also transparent and constitutes a fluid in which the nanoparticles 13 according to the embodiments Fig. 1a to 1d, 2a to 2c can move.
  • the nanoparticles are for example clusters of iron oxide with a charged layer or plastic nanospheres with a charged coating. In other embodiments, they may also be paramagnetic or superparamagnetic particles. With regard to concrete embodiments of both the sheaths, the substances contained therein and the nanoparticles is in particular on the EP 2 463 111 A2 directed. In addition, structural paints containing such microcapsules are also available from Nanobrick, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
  • the colloidal nanoparticles are arranged irregularly in field-free space.
  • the capsules have no special optical property, so that they do not significantly influence the color impression of the structure color in which they are contained. This can thus be regarded, for example, as almost transparent in the printed state.
  • E1 electric field with a field strength
  • the charged nanoparticles align themselves with one another and form a lattice-like crystal structure 15. Since the nanoparticles themselves carry a charge, this leads to a repulsion between one another.
  • a ratio of the electric field strength E1 to the own repulsion due to the charge determines a lattice spacing of the nanoparticles.
  • the crystal structure thus formed has characteristics of a photonic crystal. In these, for some wavelengths propagation is possible only along certain spatial directions. For other wavelengths, propagation may not be possible in any direction. This means that all the light of this wavelength and from all the sinks is reflected. As a result, the color of the microcapsule is conditional.
  • FIG Fig. 1b is for example at a Illumination with white light of a blackbody emitter reflects a red wavelength component. If the electric field strength is increased to a value E2> E1, a distance between the nanoparticles is reduced since the ratio between the force due to the external electric field and the repulsive force between the like-charged nanoparticles is given a different ratio. This changes the crystal structure so that a blue component is now reflected, for example, from the white light of a black body radiator, so that the microcapsule provides a blue color impression.
  • FIG. 2a to 2c another embodiment of microcapsules 10 is shown schematically. These differ in that the colloidal particles already in the field-free space in the microcapsule 10 have a crystal structure 15, so that from the white light of a blackbody beam, a red color component is reflected. When the field strength is increased, the distance between the particles in the crystal lattice decreases, so that now a green color component is reflected. If the field strength continues to increase ( Fig. 2c ), the grid spacing becomes even smaller, so that again a blue color component is reflected again.
  • a security document 30 is shown. This is preferably made of a plurality of layers of material lamination. The individual layers laminated together are preferably plastic-based layers. However, other, for example, cellulose-based layers or the like may also be included.
  • a switching unit 50 preferably an integrated circuit unit, with a microchip 51 is included, which is part of a circuit 40.
  • the electronic circuit arrangement has a supply device 150.
  • a coupling antenna 160 which is capable of extracting energy from a high frequency field.
  • the coupling antenna 160 is formed as an inductive conductor loop.
  • FIG. 1 Other embodiments may be designed for capacitive coupling and for this purpose comprise flat electrodes.
  • the coupled into the coupling antenna 160 high-frequency AC voltage is fed to a rectifier unit 60 and the rectified current to a smoothing unit 70, at the output of a smoothed DC or a constant high-frequency coupling constant DC voltage can be tapped.
  • the rectifier unit 60 and the Smoothing unit 70 are part of the supply device 150, although they are usually carried out on the circuit unit 50 with the microchip 51 and preferably integrated on a substrate.
  • the excitation structure 100 comprises in the illustrated embodiment an upper electrode 110 and a lower electrode 120. Between the upper electrode 110 and the lower electrode 120 a safety structure 200 is arranged a homogeneously covered with a structure color 210 field 220 has. The safety structure 200 is arranged between the upper electrode and the lower electrode 120, which are formed flat and are plane-parallel to each other.
  • the excitation structure 100 additionally comprises a coil arrangement 130 in the form of a conductor loop, which encloses the security structure 200 or the field 220 covered with the structure color 210.
  • the circuit arrangement 40 preferably further comprises a switching device 80, with which the electrical voltage can be switched to the electrodes 110 and 120 and / or an electric current to the conductor loop 131 of the coil arrangement 130.
  • a switching device 80 with which the electrical voltage can be switched to the electrodes 110 and 120 and / or an electric current to the conductor loop 131 of the coil arrangement 130.
  • electrical contacts 91, 92 may be formed on an outer side 39 of the security document 30 contacting the electronic circuit unit 50 or the microchip thereof.
  • Fig. 3b is a schematic view of the security document shown when no high frequency field is coupled and thus the electronic circuitry 40 is not in operation.
  • the field strength E is thus zero.
  • the security document conveys a first color impression in the area of the security structure 200. Color impressions are each indicated by a hatch density. For example, the security document at this point in the state in which no high-frequency field is coupled and the circuit 40 is not in operation, transparent.
  • the circuit device 80 can be selectively switched on or off via a triggering information modulated onto the high-frequency field and decoded by the microchip, or the coil arrangement can be selectively included a current is applied and / or the upper electrode and the lower electrode are subjected to a voltage.
  • the application of current to the electrodes 110, 120 is interrupted by the circuit device with a voltage and the coil arrangement 130, the same view of the security document 30 results as in FIG Fig. 3b ,
  • the circuit means may be absent and the application of voltage and / or current may occur automatically when a high frequency injection in the supply means provides a current or voltage.
  • Different embodiments may have differently configured excitation structures and different security structures.
  • Fig. 3d is a schematic sectional view through the security document 30 after Fig. 3a shown. It can be seen that the security document 30 is laminated together from different substrate layers 31 to 36.
  • An uppermost substrate layer 31 forms a cover and protective layer in which contacts 91, 92 are inserted, which contact the circuit unit 50 and the microchip 51, in order to allow a contacting or contact-connected power supply and / or communication.
  • the upper electrode 110 is applied to the next following substrate layer 32, for example printed by means of a zinc sulfide-based printing preparation.
  • An underlying substrate layer 33 is printed with the structure color 210 and thus the security structure 200. In the illustrated embodiment, a surface is printed homogeneously with the structure color.
  • Other embodiments may provide that the security structure is structured laterally in the area, and thus information with the security structure is printed and stored, for example in the form of alphanumeric characters.
  • a further substrate layer 34 Adjacent to the layer 33, a further substrate layer 34 is provided, on the upper side of which the electrode 120 is printed. This is followed by further substrate layers 35, 36, in which any other security features and security elements can be designed, and which protect the excitation structure 100 down against damage.
  • the coil arrangement 130 On the substrate layer 32, on which the security structure 200 is printed, the coil arrangement 130 is also printed in the form of the conductor loop 131, which encloses the security structure 200.
  • the coupling antenna is printed in the form of a conductor loop.
  • the individual printed conductive structures, upper electrode 110, coil arrangement 130, lower electrode 120 and coupling antenna 160 are each coupled to the circuit unit 50 and / or the microchip 51.
  • the rectifier unit 60, the stabilization unit 70, and the switching device 80 are formed in the microchip 51. In other embodiments, these units and devices may be separate from the microchip 51.
  • circuit arrangements 40 which contain no microchip but other functional circuit features.
  • the color change produced can also be used as a security feature for verifying the security document 30.
  • the circuit arrangement 40 does not comprise any additional functional features but is merely designed to supply DC voltage and / or via a coupling to an external alternating field to generate the DC current for the corresponding elements of the excitation structure, which cause a color change in the security structure.
  • Fig. 4a another schematic security document is shown, which has a so-called coil-on-module technique for coupling the high-frequency signal.
  • a small excitation antenna 161 Connected to the microchip 51 is a small excitation antenna 161 which interacts with a large excitation conductor loop 162 in operation. This encloses a larger area, so that the flow through the excitation conductor loop 162 is greater than in the case of the small excitation antenna 161.
  • the alternating voltage induced in the large excitation conductor loop 162 then excites the excitation antenna 161, which ultimately provides the high-frequency alternating voltage for the circuit arrangement 40.
  • the excitation structure differs in that it comprises only an upper electrode 110 and a lower electrode 120 and no coil arrangement.
  • Fig. 4j the predetermined wavelength ranges in which remission wavelengths must be after effecting a change of state of the circuit arrangement, so that the circuit arrangement is evaluated as intact.
  • the wavelength range of the wavelengths that correspond to colors that the structure color can assume is considered.
  • This possible wavelength spectrum is in Fig. 4h shown.
  • the intensities in all the spectra shown here are to be regarded as binary and thus do not reflect transmission efficiency or remission efficiency. In practice, this means that a remission above a threshold for a well length is an existing remission and a remission below the threshold means no remission. In one measurement, the threshold would be set to suppress stray light effects and the like.
  • This wavelength range is in Fig. 4i shown as a binary remission spectrum.
  • a predetermined wavelength range for the transmission in the form of such a binary wavelength spectrum can be specified. This is in Fig. 4j shown.
  • the circuit is considered to be intact only after a change in the functional state, which leads to an application of voltage to the excitation structure (alternatively or additionally to a current in other embodiments), if no transmission occurs at a wavelength or a wavelength range corresponding to that predetermined wavelength range for the transmission belongs.
  • Fig. 5a another security document is shown schematically. This differs from the embodiment Fig. 3a in that the Excitation structure 100 as in the embodiment of the Fig. 4a no coil arrangement, but only the upper electrode 110 and the lower electrode 120 includes. In this embodiment, no contacts are guided to the outside.
  • the security structure 200 is embodied as a field 220 that is printed homogeneously with the structure color 210.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 5a via a legend 250.
  • the legend is formed adjacent to the security structure 200. This comprises a plurality of sections 251 to 254 which are formed, preferably printed, with body colors causing different color impressions.
  • the sections 251 to 254 also each have a description 261 to 264, which is preferably printed with the same body color as the section 251-254 described thereby.
  • the sections 251 to 254 have the colors “colorless / transparent”, red, green and blue.
  • the correspondingly assigned descriptions 261 to 264 are: "no suggestion” printed in black, since colorless or transparent would not be recognizable, "low coupling” in red, “middle coupling” in green and “high coupling” in blue. For reasons of space, the terms are abbreviated in the order given as “none", “low”, “medium” and "high”.
  • Fig. 5b the view of the security document is shown in incident light. No color can be seen in the area of the security structure. This corresponds to the fact that the excitation structure is not subjected to a voltage.
  • Fig. 5d a view is shown, which corresponds to a functional state of the circuit arrangement, in which the coupling is optimal and therefore a maximum possible voltage between the upper electrode 110 and the lower electrode 120 is applied.
  • the structure color assumes the color blue, which matches the blue color impression of the body color of section 254.
  • the color impressions of the sections 251 to 254 thus correspond to color impressions, which the structure color 210 at various suggestions, ie in different electric fields.
  • the different colors of the structure color correspond to different voltages applied to the electrodes.
  • a coupling strength can be read on the basis of the self-adjusting color in the area of the security structure 200 by comparing the color impressions of the legend sections 251 to 255 with the color that arises. If no color is observed, then no suggestion takes place. If an orange color is observed, little excitation occurs. If a green color is observed, an average excitation occurs. If a blue color is observed, a strong excitation and coupling takes place.
  • Fig. 6a Yet another security document is shown schematically. This differs from the embodiment Fig. 3a in that the upper electrode is punctiform and the lower electrode is still flat. Likewise, the security structure 200 is designed as a field 220 which is printed homogeneously with the structure color 210. In addition, the embodiment according to Fig. 6a not via a coil arrangement. In Fig. 6b the view of the security document is shown in incident light. No color can be seen in the area of the security structure. This corresponds to the fact that the excitation structure is not subjected to a voltage. In Fig. 6c the functional state of the circuit arrangement is shown, in which the excitation structure is subjected to a voltage.
  • the electrodes Since the electrodes have neither the same shape nor the same area, an inhomogeneous electric field is formed between them. Therefore, the field strength in the area of the security structure or the structure color 210 in the field 220 is not the same everywhere. Thus, in the middle, for example, a blue circle and outside around it approximately circular rings, in which the color from the inside to the outside of blue over green to red shows a color transition.
  • Fig. 7a is shown a further schematic embodiment, in which now in contrast to the electrode, the security structure is laterally structured, so that the structure color 210 represents the letters O and K.
  • Fig. 7b which corresponds to the state that the excitation structure 100 is not applied with a voltage, no color is again visible in the region of the security structure 200.
  • the in Fig. 7c is shown, the lettering "OK" can be seen. This can be seen for example in the color blue.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a method 500 for testing the circuit arrangement.
  • the security document 510 is provided.
  • the wavelength-dependent remitted or transmitted light of the security structure is detected 520.
  • it is evaluated 530 whether a remission above a threshold intensity occurs in a predetermined wavelength range. If so, the document is considered to be intact 540 otherwise as defective 550.
  • a functional state change of the circuit arrangement in the security document is triggered 560.
  • the remission is determined as a function of wavelength 570.
  • the wavelength range is determined 580, in which a remission is to be expected, provided the security document is intact is. This can be done by complementing the wavelength range in which a remission can take place on the part of the structure color and the wavelengths at which a remission is determined. If the circuit arrangement is correct, the color impression of the safety structure changes when the functional state of the circuit arrangement changes, so that a remission in a complementary region to the wavelength range that is detected in the function step 570 is to be expected.
  • the order of magnitude of the method steps can also be carried out in an order as described in US Pat Fig. 8 is listed above the dashed line, if one rearranges the dotted line method steps as indicated between the step providing the security document 510 and determining the remission or transmission 520 adds.
  • the measurement is then carried out in the second state of the circuit arrangement after method step 560 has triggered a state change.
  • the field excitation of some structural colors can also trigger a change between a light brown and a dark brown or a light gray and a dark gray or an almost white and a black color impression.

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Claims (15)

  1. Document de sécurité (30), lequel comporte un circuit électronique (40), dans lequel le circuit (40) comporte un dispositif d'alimentation (150) destiné à fournir une tension électrique et/ou un courant électrique et une structure d'excitation (100), et une structure de sécurité (200) est formée en plus, dans lequel la structure de sécurité (200) comporte une couleur structurale (210), dont l'interaction avec la lumière peut être influencée par un champ électrique et/ou magnétique, de sorte qu'une couleur de la couleur structurale (210) dépend du champ électrique et/ou magnétique, dans lequel la structure d'excitation (100) est couplée au dispositif d'alimentation (150) et la structure d'excitation (100) est agencée par rapport à la structure de sécurité (200) de sorte que, lorsque la tension électrique fournie par le dispositif d'alimentation (150) est appliquée et/ou lorsque le courant électrique fourni par le dispositif d'alimentation (150) est appliqué, un champ électrique et/ou un champ magnétique sont générés dans la zone de la structure de sécurité (200) et une variation de la couleur de la structure de sécurité (200) est provoquée par ce biais, dans lequel la couleur structurale (210) comporte une pluralité de particules, qui s'ordonnent ou se réordonnent dans le champ électrique et/ou le champ magnétique généré dans la zone de la structure de sécurité (200) suivant une structure cristalline, qui présente les propriétés d'un cristal photonique, de sorte que l'interaction avec la lumière diffère selon que le champ électrique et/ou le champ magnétique est généré ou non par l'intermédiaire de la structure d'excitation (100) .
  2. Document de sécurité (30) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la structure d'excitation (100) comporte au moins deux électrodes (110, 120) agencées sur deux faces opposées de la structure de sécurité (200).
  3. Document de sécurité (30) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (110, 120) sont planes.
  4. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (110, 120) sont transparentes.
  5. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la structure d'excitation (100) comporte un ensemble bobine (130).
  6. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation (150) comporte un dispositif de couplage haute fréquence ainsi qu'une unité redresseur (60) et une unité de lissage (70), de sorte que le dispositif d'alimentation (150) peut extraire de l'énergie d'un champ haute fréquence externe pour générer la tension et/ou le courant à appliquer à la structure d'excitation (100) .
  7. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la couleur structurale (210) de la structure de sécurité (200) est structurée latéralement.
  8. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la structure de sécurité (200) présente une légende (250) formée avec des couleurs de corps, laquelle comporte des informations dans différentes couleurs, lesquelles correspondent aux couleurs que la couleur structurale adopte pour différentes intensités de champ du champ électrique et/ou magnétique.
  9. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le circuit (40) comporte un dispositif de commutation (80), au moyen duquel l'application de la tension et/ou du courant à la structure d'excitation (100) peut être activée et désactivée.
  10. Document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le circuit électronique (40) comporte un dispositif RFID pourvu d'une puce électronique (51) et le dispositif de commutation (80) est couplé à la puce électronique (51) ou intégré dans la puce électronique, de sorte que le dispositif de commutation peut être commuté de manière ciblée au moyen d'une information de déclenchement transmise à la puce électronique (51) à l'aide du champ haute fréquence.
  11. Procédé de contrôle d'un circuit (40) dans un document de sécurité (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, lequel comporte un dispositif d'alimentation (150) destiné à fournir une tension électrique et/ou un courant électrique et une structure d'excitation (100) couplée au dispositif d'alimentation (150), dans lequel la structure d'excitation (100), lorsque la tension électrique fournie par le dispositif d'alimentation (150) est appliquée et/ou lorsque le courant électrique fourni par le dispositif d'alimentation (150) est appliqué, génère un champ électrique et/ou un champ magnétique dans une zone du document de sécurité (30) et, dans la zone dans laquelle le champ électrique et/ou magnétique sont générés, une structure de sécurité (200) est formée, laquelle comporte une couleur structurale (210) dont l'interaction avec la lumière peut être influencée par le champ électrique et/ou le champ magnétique, de sorte qu'une couleur de la couleur structurale (210) dépend du champ électrique et/ou magnétique, de sorte que l'interaction avec la lumière diffère selon que le champ électrique et/ou le champ magnétique sont générés ou non par l'intermédiaire de la structure d'excitation (100), dans lequel la couleur structurale (210) comporte une pluralité de particules, qui s'ordonnent ou se réordonnent dans le champ électrique et/ou le champ magnétique généré dans la zone de la structure de sécurité (200) suivant une structure cristalline, laquelle présente les propriétés d'un cristal photonique, le procédé comportant les étapes :
    de détermination d'une réflectance de lumière dépendante de la longueur d'onde sur la structure de sécurité (200) ou d'une transmission dépendante de la longueur d'onde à travers la structure de sécurité (200) ;
    d'analyse de la réflectance ou de la transmission dépendante de la longueur d'onde et
    de détermination de si une réflectance est détectée dans une gamme de longueurs d'onde prédéfinie ou si aucune transmission n'est détectée dans une gamme de longueurs d'onde prédéfinie, et d'évaluation du circuit (40) comme étant intact, lorsqu'une réflectance telle que celle pour un cristal photonique est détectée dans la gamme de longueurs d'onde prédéfinie, ou lorsqu'aucune transmission telle que celle pour un cristal photonique n'est déterminée dans la gamme de longueurs d'onde prédéfinie au moins pour une partie de longueur d'onde, et dans le cas contraire, comme étant défectueux.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une modification d'un état du circuit (40) est en outre déclenchée, de sorte que, dans la mesure où une application de la tension et/ou une application d'un courant à la structure d'excitation (100) s'opère encore, l'application ou les applications sont amenées à cesser et, dans le cas contraire, une application d'une tension électrique et/ou d'un courant électrique à la structure d'excitation (100) est réalisée, et une réflectance de lumière sur la structure de sécurité (200) en fonction de la longueur d'onde ou une transmission à travers la structure de sécurité (200) en fonction de la longueur d'onde est à nouveau déterminée, pendant que le dispositif d'alimentation (150) se trouve dans l'état modifié, la réflectance à nouveau déterminée ou la transmission à nouveau déterminée est analysée et il est déduit que la gamme de longueurs d'onde qui, par rapport à une gamme de longueurs d'onde possible qui comporte les longueurs d'onde correspondant aux couleurs que la couleur structurale (210) peut adopter, est complémentaire des gammes de longueurs d'onde dans lesquelles la réflectance à nouveau déterminée apparaît, est la gamme de longueurs d'ondes prédéfinie de la réflectance, ou il est déduit que la gamme de longueurs d'onde qui, par rapport à la gamme de longueurs d'onde possible, est complémentaire des gammes de longueurs d'onde dans lesquelles aucune transmission n'apparaît dans la transmission à nouveau déterminée, est la gamme de longueurs d'onde prédéfinie de la transmission.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la modification de l'état du dispositif d'alimentation (150) est provoquée par une projection d'un champ haute fréquence.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le champ haute fréquence permet de transmettre une information de déclenchement codée dans celui-ci, laquelle commande un dispositif de commutation du circuit (40), au moyen duquel l'application de la tension et/ou du courant à la structure d'excitation (100) peut être activée ou désactivée.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce que respectivement une image en couleur est détectée pour la détermination dépendante de la longueur d'onde de la réflectance ou de la transmission de lumière.
EP14809441.0A 2013-12-10 2014-12-10 Document de sécurité doté d'un système de contrôle d'un circuit et procédé de contrôle d'un circuit dans un document de sécurité Active EP3079917B1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2014/077289 WO2015086712A1 (fr) 2013-12-10 2014-12-10 Document de sécurité doté d'un système de contrôle d'un circuit et procédé de contrôle d'un circuit dans un document de sécurité

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DE102016104339A1 (de) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Sicherheitsmerkmal für ein dokument und verfahren zum überprüfen eines sicherheitsmerkmals
DE102016111348A1 (de) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-21 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Dokumentenlesegerät

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DE10217632A1 (de) * 2002-04-19 2003-11-06 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitsdokument
DE102004045211B4 (de) * 2004-09-17 2015-07-09 Ovd Kinegram Ag Sicherheitsdokument mit elektrisch gesteuertem Anzeigenelement
GB0615919D0 (en) * 2006-08-10 2006-09-20 Rue De Int Ltd Photonic crystal security device
DE102007012042A1 (de) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
US20090206165A1 (en) 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Infineon Technologies Ag Contactless chip module, contactless device, contactless system, and method for contactless communication
DE102009009846A1 (de) 2009-02-20 2010-09-02 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Verbessertes Kartenlesegerät für kontaktlos auslesbare Karten und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Kartenlesegeräts
DE102009016533A1 (de) 2009-04-06 2010-10-07 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Piezochromes Sicherheitselement auf Flüssigkristallbasis
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EP3079917A1 (fr) 2016-10-19

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