EP3073044A1 - Cover layer drilling device and method for drilling a core in a cover layer - Google Patents

Cover layer drilling device and method for drilling a core in a cover layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3073044A1
EP3073044A1 EP16000701.9A EP16000701A EP3073044A1 EP 3073044 A1 EP3073044 A1 EP 3073044A1 EP 16000701 A EP16000701 A EP 16000701A EP 3073044 A1 EP3073044 A1 EP 3073044A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill bit
drill
cover layer
drill head
drilling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16000701.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3073044B1 (en
Inventor
Sebastian Fischer
Elmar Koch
Andreas Joachim Hanses
Martin KÖPER
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Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG
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Tracto Technik GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3073044A1 publication Critical patent/EP3073044A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/02—Core bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/64—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/002—Drilling with diversely driven shafts extending into the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cover layer drilling device and a method for drilling a core into a cover layer.
  • a pit is usually created, which extends at an angle, in particular near 90 °, from the earth's surface into the ground.
  • the drilling device in particular a horizontal drilling, lowered. From the pit can then be carried out in particular a horizontal bore by means of the drilling device.
  • the pit in which the drilling device is to be positioned has a relatively small diameter.
  • Such a small pit is known as trenchless relocation and renewal of gas, water, power or data lines for house connections using the term "keyhole technique".
  • keyhole technique involves fewer surface follow-up damage and consequential costs known from the open design. Earthworks and surface works can be performed more safely, on a reduced scale and more productively.
  • the creation of a horizontal well in the ground by means of the keyhole technique is, for example, in DE 10 2010 013 725 A1 described.
  • the object of the invention was to provide an improved covering layer drilling device and a method for drilling a core into a covering layer, with which the creation of a pit can be carried out more efficiently, in particular the number of method steps can be reduced can.
  • the core idea of the invention is the combination of the two previously performed as separate steps steps of generating the circular section and the subsequent, carried out separately from this step of creating a bore within the circular section.
  • the cover layer drilling device is designed such that a drill bit with a smaller diameter than the drill bit is arranged in a drill bit.
  • a core can be produced, which can be put back on the filled pit after completion of the work.
  • the drill bit and drill head can be driven at different angular speeds, so that an optimum cutting speed is selected for both cross sections or holes to be made in the form of the circular cut with the drill bit and the drill head can be.
  • angular velocity refers to a rotation of the drill bit or of the drill head about the respective longitudinal axis thereof.
  • Drilling head and drill bit can be relatively movable.
  • the term “drill bit” includes a crown drill in the form of a hollow round bit.
  • a “cover layer drilling device” is understood to mean, in particular, any crown drill designed in accordance with the invention for drilling into a cover layer.
  • the term “cover layer drilling device” may further include any device that moves a crown drill from above the surface into a cover layer to create a pit for positioning a horizontal drilling device.
  • the term “cover layer” includes in particular the ceiling in the field of road construction, which is also referred to as a ceiling, road surface, road surface.
  • the cover layer may comprise a material which may be asphalt, mastic asphalt, asphalt concrete, stone mastic asphalt, asphalt binder course and / or concrete.
  • the cover layer may also comprise a further layer present between the cover layer and a plane, in particular a base layer.
  • the drill bit according to the invention or the method is used to create a pit for an earth drilling device to be positioned therein for creating a channel in the ground.
  • the drill head which is arranged in the drill bit, designed as a further drill bit, whereby at the conventionally provided according to the invention diameters of the drill head and the other drill bit less drilling is required than in a full bore.
  • the drill head is centered to the drill bit.
  • the outer diameter of the drill bit and the outer diameter of the drill head have a ratio in the range of about 2 to about 15, preferably in the range of about 4 to about 12, more preferably in the range of about 6 to about 10.
  • Such size ratios have proven to be particularly advantageous and are correspondingly easy to handle and lead to good results.
  • the drill bit may have a rotational speed in the range of about 70 to about 200 revolutions per minute, preferably in the range of about 80 to about 180 revolutions per minute, in particular preferably in the range of about 85 to about 170 revolutions per minute.
  • the drill head may have a rotational speed in the range of about 680 to about 1350 revolutions per minute, preferably in the range of about 700 to about 1300 revolutions per minute, more preferably in the range of about 750 to about 1280 revolutions per minute.
  • the cutting speeds are correlated with each other, such that a rotational speed of the drill bit in the range of about 85 to about 170 revolutions per minute is or is adjustable, in particular at a rotational speed of the drill head in the range of about 750 to about 1280 revolutions per minute ,
  • the drill bit and bit in a preferred embodiment have a cutting speed in the range of about 2 to about 6 m / s, more preferably in the range of about 2.5 to about 5.5 m / s.
  • said rotational speeds are correlated with the cutting speed.
  • drill bit and drill head with a one or more transmission having rotary drive can be driven, whereby both drill bit and drill head (relatively movable) can be driven with one and the same rotary drive and thus no further drive for the additional drill head must be provided.
  • different (rotary) drives i. a drive for the drill bit and a drive for the drill head, are provided.
  • the transmission or at least one of the transmission can be a planetary gear, which allows a simple, cost-effective and also only a small space-requiring configuration.
  • the planetary gear also allows to be selected by a suitable choice of the number of teeth and by replacing the planetary gears, the sun gear and / or the ring gear with different numbers of teeth of the desired operating situation adapted speed and torques for drill bit and drill head.
  • the planetary gear may include a sun and a ring gear and one or more planetary gears.
  • Such planetary gear are known from the prior art and may have a structure in which the sun gear and the planetary gears are formed as gears with an external toothing and the ring gear as an annular gear with at least one internal toothing.
  • the planetary gears can be arranged between the sun and the ring gear and comb with the appropriate gears of these wheels.
  • the planet gears may be interconnected via a cage to allow the power of a rotary drive connected to the cage across all planetary gears.
  • the sun gear may be connected to the drill head and designed as a rotary drive drive.
  • the ring gear can be fixed in a housing.
  • the planetary gear (s) may mesh with the driven sun gear and mesh with the stationary ring gear, thereby rotating the planet gear (s) with a planet gear carrier in the same direction as the sun gear in a predetermined gear ratio.
  • By means of a connecting piece of the planet carrier can be connected to the drill bit.
  • the drive can thus directly drive the sun gear.
  • the planetary gear or wheels are indirectly driven by the drive via the sun gear.
  • one or more drives are provided for one or more planetary gears, which are driven by means of this.
  • the at least one planetary gear, in particular the planet carrier, can be fixed.
  • the or the drive (s) for the planet or planetary gears can also be fixed.
  • the ring gear can be driven and a Plantenradffy, which is fixed, is present.
  • the drill bit and drill head can be driven with different directions of rotation, so that at least some of the torques generated by the drill bit and drill head can be canceled out.
  • a planetary gear can result in an inherent difference in rotation of drill bit and drill head, a corresponding advantage.
  • the invention also provides a method for drilling a core into a cover layer to create a pit, in particular for an earth boring device, in particular a horizontal boring device.
  • a method according to the invention comprises a step of drilling with a drill bit and drilling with a smaller diameter drill head than the drill bit during drilling with the drill bit, the drill bit and drill bit being rotated at different angular velocity.
  • the angular speed of the drill bit and / or drill head can thus be selected such that an optimum cutting speed for the drill bit as well as for the drill bit can be set.
  • the angular velocity can be adapted to the diameter of the drill head and drill bit.
  • the material under the cover layer in particular soil, can be rinsed out of the pit to be created.
  • the time term "while” encompasses a time range in which both the drill bit and the drill head are simultaneously advanced in the cover layer. It can be provided a lead of the drill head in the top layer, to which the time range in which both the drill bit and the drill head can be driven simultaneously, can connect.
  • the drill bit and drill head can be driven with different directions of rotation, wherein the torques generated by the drill bit and drill head can at least partially cancel each other out.
  • a circular cut through a covering layer can be produced in a simplified manner for producing a pit for an earth boring device, in particular a horizontal boring device.
  • the single FIGURE shows a cover layer drilling device with a drill bit 1 and a drill bit 2.
  • the drill bit 1 is designed as a crown drill in the form of a hollow round bit.
  • the drill head 2 is also designed as a crown drill and disposed within the drill bit 1.
  • the drill head 2 has a smaller diameter than the drill bit 1.
  • Drill bit 1 and drill head 2 can be driven or moved relative to one another via a drive designed as a rotary drive.
  • the translation of drill bit 1 and drill head 2 in the vertical direction takes place simultaneously; Drill bit 1 and drill head 2 are simultaneously lowered and severing or drilling the cover layer 3 shown in FIG. Simultaneously.
  • a certain advance of the drill head 2 can allow the centering of the drill bit 1.
  • An unillustrated feed and / or the weight of the cover layer drilling device can provide for the simultaneous lowering of drill bit 1 and drill head 2.
  • the drill bit 1 is connected to a connection piece 4.
  • the connector 4 is connected to a planet carrier 11, which receives one or more planet gears 8.
  • the drill head 2 is connected by means of a connecting piece 5 with a sun gear 6.
  • the sun gear 6 in turn is connected to a (rotary) drive 9.
  • a ring gear 7 is seated in a housing 12.
  • a mounted on a frame, not shown, torque arm 13 prevents the housing 12, and in particular the ring gear 8 rotates.
  • the sun gear 6 and the connecting piece 5 are formed as a hollow shaft, so that the drill bit 1 and the drill head 2 can be supplied via a connection 10 cooling or drilling means.
  • the drive 9 drives medium or directly the sun gear 6 and the drill head 2 at.
  • the rotating sun gear 6 meshes with the planetary gears 8, which in turn are in engagement with the stationary ring gear 7, whereby the planetary gears 8 with the planet 11 in the same direction as the sun gear 6, but in a certain gear ratio, which in this embodiment is in the range of 8 turns.
  • the drill bit 1 rotates together with the planetary gears 8 and the planet 11th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung, wobei in einer Bohrkrone ein Bohrkopf mit einem kleineren Durchmesser als der der Bohrkrone angeordnet ist und die Bohrkrone und der Bohrkopf mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit antreibbar sind.The invention relates to a cover layer drilling device, wherein in a drill bit, a drill head with a smaller diameter than the drill bit is arranged and the drill bit and the drill head are driven at different angular speed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Bohren eines Kerns in eine Deckschicht.The invention relates to a cover layer drilling device and a method for drilling a core into a cover layer.

Bei der Erstellung einer Bohrung im Erdreich, insbesondere einer Horizontalbohrung im Erdreich, wird meist eine Grube erstellt, die sich unter einem Winkel, insbesondere nahe 90°, von der Erdoberfläche in das Erdreich erstreckt. In die Grube, die auch als Baugrube oder Startgrube bezeichnet werden kann, wird die Bohrvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Horizontalbohrvorrichtung, abgesenkt. Von der Grube kann dann insbesondere eine Horizontalbohrung mittels der Bohrvorrichtung durchgeführt werden.When creating a hole in the ground, in particular a horizontal hole in the ground, a pit is usually created, which extends at an angle, in particular near 90 °, from the earth's surface into the ground. In the pit, which can also be referred to as excavation or start pit, the drilling device, in particular a horizontal drilling, lowered. From the pit can then be carried out in particular a horizontal bore by means of the drilling device.

In bebauten Gebieten ist es notwendig, dass die Grube, in der die Bohrvorrichtung positioniert werden soll, einen relativ kleinen Durchmesser aufweist. Eine derartig kleine Grube ist im Rahmen der grabenlosen Neuverlegung und Erneuerung von Gas-, Wasser-, Strom- oder Datenleitungen für Hausanschlüsse unter dem Begriff "Keyhole-Technik" bekannt. Insbesondere in bebauten Gebieten, bei denen das Erdreich mittels einer Deckschicht, bedeckt ist, sollen die Oberflächenarbeiten auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Bei der Keyhole-Technik kommt es zu weniger Oberflächenfolgeschäden und -folgekosten, die von der offenen Bauweise her bekannt sind. Die Erd- und Oberflächenarbeiten lassen sich sicherer, in reduziertem Umfang und produktiver ausführen. Das Erstellen einer Horizontalbohrung im Erdreich mittels der Keyhole-Technik ist beispielsweise in DE 10 2010 013 725 A1 beschrieben.In built-up areas it is necessary that the pit in which the drilling device is to be positioned has a relatively small diameter. Such a small pit is known as trenchless relocation and renewal of gas, water, power or data lines for house connections using the term "keyhole technique". In particular, in built-up areas, where the soil is covered by a cover layer, the surface work should be reduced to a minimum. The keyhole technique involves fewer surface follow-up damage and consequential costs known from the open design. Earthworks and surface works can be performed more safely, on a reduced scale and more productively. The creation of a horizontal well in the ground by means of the keyhole technique is, for example, in DE 10 2010 013 725 A1 described.

Zum Erzeugen einer kreisförmigen Grube im mit einer Deckschicht bedeckten Erdreich wird üblicherweise zunächst eine Bohrkrone in Form eines Kronenbohrers verwendet. Mit dem Kronenbohrer wird die Deckschicht kreisförmig geschnitten, wobei der Außendurchmesser des Kronenbohrers dem Außendurchmesser der zu erstellenden Grube entspricht. Nach dem Erzeugen des kreisförmigen Schnitts wird der Kronenbohrer entfernt und mit einem Kronenbohrer oder einem anderen Bohrer geringeren Durchmessers eine weitere Bohrung durchgeführt, mit Hilfe derer der Bohrkern aus der Grube entnommen werden kann. Üblicherweise sind damit drei Arbeitsgänge zur Erstellung einer Grube erforderlich:

  1. 1. Erstellung eines kreisförmigen Schnitts in die Oberfläche entsprechend dem Außendurchmesser der zu erstellenden Grube und Entfernen des Kronenbohrers,
  2. 2. Erstellen einer weiteren Bohrung innerhalb des zuvor kreisförmig erzeugten Schnitts und
  3. 3. Entfernen des Bohrkerns mittels Heraushebens des Bohrkerns über ein in die weitere Bohrung eingeführtes Gestänge.
To produce a circular pit in the ground covered with a cover layer, a drill bit in the form of a crown drill is usually first used. With the crown drill, the cover layer is cut circular, wherein the outer diameter of the crown drill corresponds to the outer diameter of the pit to be created. After the circular cut has been made, the crown drill is removed and another hole is made with a crown drill or other smaller diameter drill bit by means of which the drill core can be removed from the hole. This usually requires three steps to create a pit:
  1. 1. Create a circular cut in the surface according to the outside diameter of the pit to be created and remove the crown drill,
  2. 2. Create another hole within the previously created circular cut and
  3. 3. Remove the drill core by means of lifting out the drill core via a rod introduced into the further bore.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik lag der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Bohren eines Kerns in eine Deckschicht zu schaffen, mit der bzw. dem die Erstellung einer Grube effizienter durchgeführt werden kann, insbesondere die Anzahl der Verfahrensschritte verringert werden kann.On the basis of this prior art, the object of the invention was to provide an improved covering layer drilling device and a method for drilling a core into a covering layer, with which the creation of a pit can be carried out more efficiently, in particular the number of method steps can be reduced can.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gegenstände der nebengeordneten Patentansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Gegenstände der nebengeordneten Patentansprüche sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen abhängigen Patentansprüche und ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.The object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the subjects of the independent claims are the subject of the respective dependent claims and will become apparent from the following description.

Kerngedanke der Erfindung ist die Zusammenfassung der beiden bisher als getrennte Schritte durchgeführten Schritte des Erzeugens des kreisförmigen Schnitts und des nachfolgenden, getrennt von diesem durchgeführten Schritts des Erstellens einer Bohrung innerhalb des kreisförmigen Schnitts.The core idea of the invention is the combination of the two previously performed as separate steps steps of generating the circular section and the subsequent, carried out separately from this step of creating a bore within the circular section.

Die Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß derart ausgestaltet, dass in einer Bohrkrone ein Bohrkopf mit einem kleineren Durchmesser als der der Bohrkrone angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß kann ein Bohrkern erzeugt werden, der nach Beendigung der Arbeiten wieder auf die verfüllte Grube gesetzt werden kann. Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf sind mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit antreibbar, so dass für beide Querschnitte bzw. zu erstellenden Bohrungen in Form des kreisförmigen Schnitts mit der Bohrkrone und dem Bohrkopf eine optimale Schnittgeschwindigkeit gewählt werden kann. Der Begriff "Winkelgeschwindigkeit" bezieht sich auf eine Rotation bzw. Drehung der Bohrkrone bzw. des Bohrkopfs um die jeweilige Längsachse derselben. Für Bohrkopf und Bohrkrone können unterschiedliche Antriebe vorgesehen sein, die Teil der erfindungsgemäßen Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung sein können. Bohrkopf und Bohrkrone können relativ zueinander beweglich sein.The cover layer drilling device according to the invention is designed such that a drill bit with a smaller diameter than the drill bit is arranged in a drill bit. According to the invention, a core can be produced, which can be put back on the filled pit after completion of the work. The drill bit and drill head can be driven at different angular speeds, so that an optimum cutting speed is selected for both cross sections or holes to be made in the form of the circular cut with the drill bit and the drill head can be. The term "angular velocity" refers to a rotation of the drill bit or of the drill head about the respective longitudinal axis thereof. For drill head and drill bit different drives can be provided, which can be part of the cover layer drilling device according to the invention. Drilling head and drill bit can be relatively movable.

Erfindungsgemäß umfasst der Begriff "Bohrkrone" einen Kronenbohrer in Form eines hohlen Rundmeißels. Unter einer "Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung" wird insbesondere jeder erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltete Kronenbohrer zum Bohren in eine Deckschicht verstanden. Der Begriff "Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung" kann zudem jede Vorrichtung umfassen, welche einen Kronenbohrer von oberhalb der Oberfläche in eine Deckschicht bewegt, um eine Grube zur Positionierung einer Horizontalbohrvorrichtung zu erstellen. Der Begriff "Deckschicht" umfasst insbesondere die Decke im Bereich des Straßenbaus, die auch als Decke, Fahrbahndecke, Fahrbahnbelag bezeichnet wird. Die Deckschicht kann ein Material aufweisen, das Asphalt, Gussasphalt, Asphaltbeton, Splittmastixasphalt, Asphaltbinderschicht und/oder Beton sein kann.According to the invention, the term "drill bit" includes a crown drill in the form of a hollow round bit. A "cover layer drilling device" is understood to mean, in particular, any crown drill designed in accordance with the invention for drilling into a cover layer. The term "cover layer drilling device" may further include any device that moves a crown drill from above the surface into a cover layer to create a pit for positioning a horizontal drilling device. The term "cover layer" includes in particular the ceiling in the field of road construction, which is also referred to as a ceiling, road surface, road surface. The cover layer may comprise a material which may be asphalt, mastic asphalt, asphalt concrete, stone mastic asphalt, asphalt binder course and / or concrete.

Die Deckschicht kann neben der eigentlichen Deckschicht auch eine zwischen der Deckschicht und einem Planum vorhandene weitere Schicht, insbesondere eine Tragschicht, umfassen.In addition to the actual cover layer, the cover layer may also comprise a further layer present between the cover layer and a plane, in particular a base layer.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bohrkrone bzw. das Verfahren wird zur Erzeugung einer Grube für eine darin zu positionierende Erdbohrvorrichtung zum Erstellen eines Kanals im Erdreich verwendet.The drill bit according to the invention or the method is used to create a pit for an earth drilling device to be positioned therein for creating a channel in the ground.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Bohrkopf, der in der Bohrkrone angeordnet ist, als weitere Bohrkrone ausgestaltet, wodurch bei den üblicherweise erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Durchmessern des Bohrkopfs bzw. der weiteren Bohrkrone ein geringerer Aufwand beim Bohren als bei einer Vollbohrung erforderlich ist. Bevorzugt ist der Bohrkopf zur Bohrkrone zentriert.In a preferred embodiment, the drill head, which is arranged in the drill bit, designed as a further drill bit, whereby at the conventionally provided according to the invention diameters of the drill head and the other drill bit less drilling is required than in a full bore. Preferably, the drill head is centered to the drill bit.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Außendurchmesser der Bohrkrone und der Außendurchmesser des Bohrkopfs ein Verhältnis im Bereich von ungefähr 2 bis ungefähr 15, bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 4 bis ungefähr 12, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 6 bis ungefähr 10 auf. Derartige Größenverhältnisse haben sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen und sind entsprechend gut handhabbar und führen zu guten Ergebnissen.In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the drill bit and the outer diameter of the drill head have a ratio in the range of about 2 to about 15, preferably in the range of about 4 to about 12, more preferably in the range of about 6 to about 10. Such size ratios have proven to be particularly advantageous and are correspondingly easy to handle and lead to good results.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann die Bohrkrone eine Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von ungefähr 70 bis ungefähr 200 Umdrehungen pro Minute, bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 80 bis ungefähr 180 Umdrehungen pro Minute, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 85 bis ungefähr 170 Umdrehungen pro Minute aufweisen. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann der Bohrkkopf eine Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von ungefähr 680 bis ungefähr 1350 Umdrehungen pro Minute, bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 700 bis ungefähr 1300 Umdrehungen pro Minute, insbesondere bevorzugt im Bereich von ungefähr 750 bis ungefähr 1280 Umdrehungen pro Minute aufweisen. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Schnittgeschwindigkeiten miteinander korreliert, so dass insbesondere bei einer Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfs im Bereich von ungefähr 750 bis ungefähr 1280 Umdrehungen pro Minute eine Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeit der Bohrkrone im Bereich von ungefähr 85 bis ungefähr 170 Umdrehungen pro Minute vorliegt bzw. einstellbar ist.In a preferred embodiment, the drill bit may have a rotational speed in the range of about 70 to about 200 revolutions per minute, preferably in the range of about 80 to about 180 revolutions per minute, in particular preferably in the range of about 85 to about 170 revolutions per minute. In a preferred embodiment, the drill head may have a rotational speed in the range of about 680 to about 1350 revolutions per minute, preferably in the range of about 700 to about 1300 revolutions per minute, more preferably in the range of about 750 to about 1280 revolutions per minute. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cutting speeds are correlated with each other, such that a rotational speed of the drill bit in the range of about 85 to about 170 revolutions per minute is or is adjustable, in particular at a rotational speed of the drill head in the range of about 750 to about 1280 revolutions per minute ,

Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf weisen in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eine Schnittgeschwindigkeit im Bereich von ungefähr 2 bis ungefähr 6 m/s, insbesondere im Bereich von ungefähr 2,5 bis ungefähr 5,5 m/s auf.The drill bit and bit in a preferred embodiment have a cutting speed in the range of about 2 to about 6 m / s, more preferably in the range of about 2.5 to about 5.5 m / s.

Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind die genannten Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten mit der Schnittgeschwindigkeit korreliert.Most preferably, said rotational speeds are correlated with the cutting speed.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf mit einem ein oder mehrere Getriebe aufweisenden Drehantrieb antreibbar, wodurch mit ein und demselben Drehantrieb sowohl Bohrkrone als auch Bohrkopf (relativ zueinander beweglich) angetrieben werden können und somit kein weiterer Antrieb für den zusätzlichen Bohrkopf vorgesehen sein muss. Es kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass für den drehenden Antrieb von Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf unterschiedliche (Dreh-)Antriebe, d.h. ein Antrieb für die Bohrkrone und ein Antrieb für den Bohrkopf, vorgesehen sind.In a preferred embodiment, drill bit and drill head with a one or more transmission having rotary drive can be driven, whereby both drill bit and drill head (relatively movable) can be driven with one and the same rotary drive and thus no further drive for the additional drill head must be provided. But it can also be provided that for the rotating drive of drill bit and drill head different (rotary) drives, i. a drive for the drill bit and a drive for the drill head, are provided.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann das Getriebe oder mindestens eines der Getriebe ein Planetengetriebe sein, welches eine einfache, kostengünstige und zudem lediglich einen geringen Bauraum benötigende Ausgestaltung ermöglicht. Das Planetengetriebe erlaubt ferner durch eine geeignete Wahl der Zähnezahl und auch durch den Austausch der Planetenräder, des Sonnenrads und/oder des Hohlrads mit anderer Zähnezahl der gewünschten Betriebssituation angepasste Drehzahl und Drehmomente für Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf zu wählen.In a preferred embodiment, the transmission or at least one of the transmission can be a planetary gear, which allows a simple, cost-effective and also only a small space-requiring configuration. The planetary gear also allows to be selected by a suitable choice of the number of teeth and by replacing the planetary gears, the sun gear and / or the ring gear with different numbers of teeth of the desired operating situation adapted speed and torques for drill bit and drill head.

Das Planetengetriebe kann ein Sonnen- und ein Hohlrad sowie ein oder mehrere Planetenräder umfassen. Derartige Planetengetriebe sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und können einen Aufbau aufweisen, bei dem das Sonnenrad und die Planetenräder als Zahnräder mit einer Außenverzahnung und das Hohlrad als ringförmiges Zahnrad mit zumindest einer Innenverzahnung ausgebildet sind. Die Planetenräder können hierbei zwischen dem Sonnen- und dem Hohlrad angeordnet sein und kämmen mit den entsprechenden Verzahnungen dieser Räder. Die Planetenräder können über einen Käfig miteinander verbunden sein, um die Leistung eines mit dem Käfig verbundenen Drehabtriebs über alle Planetenräder zu ermöglichen.The planetary gear may include a sun and a ring gear and one or more planetary gears. Such planetary gear are known from the prior art and may have a structure in which the sun gear and the planetary gears are formed as gears with an external toothing and the ring gear as an annular gear with at least one internal toothing. The planetary gears can be arranged between the sun and the ring gear and comb with the appropriate gears of these wheels. The planet gears may be interconnected via a cage to allow the power of a rotary drive connected to the cage across all planetary gears.

Das Sonnenrad kann mit dem Bohrkopf und dem als Drehantrieb ausgestalteten Antrieb verbunden sein. Das Hohlrad kann in einem Gehäuse feststehen. Das oder die Planetenräder können mit dem angetriebenen Sonnenrad kämmen und mit dem feststehenden Hohlrad in Eingriff stehen, wodurch sich das Planetenrad bzw. die Planetenräder mit einem Planetenradträger in gleicher Richtung wie das Sonnenrad in einem vorbestimmten Übersetzungsverhältnis dreht. Mittels eines Anschlussstücks kann der Planetenradträger mit der Bohrkrone verbunden sein. Der Antrieb kann damit direkt das Sonnenrad antreiben. Das oder die Planetenräder werden mittelbar über das Sonnenrad vom Antrieb angetrieben.The sun gear may be connected to the drill head and designed as a rotary drive drive. The ring gear can be fixed in a housing. The planetary gear (s) may mesh with the driven sun gear and mesh with the stationary ring gear, thereby rotating the planet gear (s) with a planet gear carrier in the same direction as the sun gear in a predetermined gear ratio. By means of a connecting piece of the planet carrier can be connected to the drill bit. The drive can thus directly drive the sun gear. The planetary gear or wheels are indirectly driven by the drive via the sun gear.

Es kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, dass ein oder mehrere Antriebe für ein oder mehrere Planetenräder vorgesehen sind, die mittels dieser angetrieben werden. Das mindestens eine Planetenrad, insbesondere der Planetenträger, kann feststehen. Insbesondere können der oder die Antrieb(e) für das Planetenrad bzw. die Planetenräder ebenfalls feststehen. Es kann zudem vorgesehen sein, dass das Hohlrad angetrieben werden kann und ein Plantenradträger, der feststeht, vorhanden ist.But it can also be provided that one or more drives are provided for one or more planetary gears, which are driven by means of this. The at least one planetary gear, in particular the planet carrier, can be fixed. In particular, the or the drive (s) for the planet or planetary gears can also be fixed. It can also be provided that the ring gear can be driven and a Plantenradträger, which is fixed, is present.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf mit unterschiedlichem Drehsinn antreibbar, so dass sich zumindest teilweise die von Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf erzeugten Drehmomente aufheben können. Bei der Verwendung eines Planetengetriebes kann sich durch eine immanente unterschiedliche Drehung von Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf ein entsprechender Vorteil ergeben.In a preferred embodiment, the drill bit and drill head can be driven with different directions of rotation, so that at least some of the torques generated by the drill bit and drill head can be canceled out. When using a planetary gear can result in an inherent difference in rotation of drill bit and drill head, a corresponding advantage.

Die Erfindung schafft auch ein Verfahren zum Bohren eines Kerns in eine Deckschicht zum Erzeugen einer Grube, insbesondere für eine Erdbohrvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Horizontalbohrvorrichtung. Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren umfasst einen Schritt eines Bohrens mit einer Bohrkrone und ein Bohren mit einem weiteren Bohrkopf kleineren Durchmessers als die Bohrkrone während des Bohrens mit der Bohrkrone, wobei der Bohrkopf und die Bohrkrone mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit gedreht bzw. angetrieben werden. In dem Verfahren können die Winkelgeschwindigkeit von Bohrkrone und/oder Bohrkopf somit derart gewählt werden, dass eine optimale Schnittgeschwindigkeit für die Bohrkrone als auch für den Bohrkopf eingestellt werden kann. Die Winkelgeschwindigkeit kann an den Durchmesser von Bohrkopf und Bohrkrone angepasst werden.The invention also provides a method for drilling a core into a cover layer to create a pit, in particular for an earth boring device, in particular a horizontal boring device. A method according to the invention comprises a step of drilling with a drill bit and drilling with a smaller diameter drill head than the drill bit during drilling with the drill bit, the drill bit and drill bit being rotated at different angular velocity. In the method, the angular speed of the drill bit and / or drill head can thus be selected such that an optimum cutting speed for the drill bit as well as for the drill bit can be set. The angular velocity can be adapted to the diameter of the drill head and drill bit.

Nach der Entnahme des Kerns kann das unter der Deckschicht befindliche Material, insbesondere Erdreich, aus der zu erstellenden Grube ausgespült werden.After removal of the core, the material under the cover layer, in particular soil, can be rinsed out of the pit to be created.

Der zeitliche Begriff "während" umfasst erfindungsgemäß einen Zeitbereich, in dem sowohl die Bohrkrone als auch der Bohrkopf gleichzeitig in der Deckschicht vorgetrieben werden. Es kann ein Vorlauf des Bohrkopfs in der Deckschicht vorgesehen sein, an den sich der Zeitbereich, in dem sowohl die Bohrkrone als auch der Bohrkopf gleichzeitig vorgetrieben werden kann, anschließen kann.According to the invention, the time term "while" encompasses a time range in which both the drill bit and the drill head are simultaneously advanced in the cover layer. It can be provided a lead of the drill head in the top layer, to which the time range in which both the drill bit and the drill head can be driven simultaneously, can connect.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens können Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf mit unterschiedlichem Drehsinn angetrieben werden, wobei sich die durch Bohrkrone und Bohrkopf erzeugten Drehmomente zumindest teilweise aufheben können.In a preferred embodiment of the method, the drill bit and drill head can be driven with different directions of rotation, wherein the torques generated by the drill bit and drill head can at least partially cancel each other out.

Erfindungsgemäß kann vereinfacht für das Erzeugen einer Grube für eine Erdbohrvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Horizontalbohrvorrichtung, ein kreisförmiger Schnitt durch eine Deckschicht erzeugt werden.According to the invention, a circular cut through a covering layer can be produced in a simplified manner for producing a pit for an earth boring device, in particular a horizontal boring device.

Die vorstehenden Ausführungen stellen ebenso wie die nachfolgende Beschreibung beispielhafter Ausführungsformen keinen Verzicht auf bestimmte Ausführungsformen oder Merkmale dar.The above statements as well as the following description of exemplary embodiments do not represent a waiver of certain embodiments or features.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Die einzige Zeichnung zeigt:

  • Fig. eine Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung.
The only drawing shows:
  • Fig. A cover layer drilling device.

Die einzige Fig. zeigt eine Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung mit einer Bohrkrone 1 und einem Bohrkopf 2. Die Bohrkrone 1 ist als Kronenbohrer in Form eines hohlen Rundmeißels ausgestaltet. Der Bohrkopf 2 ist ebenfalls als Kronenbohrer ausgestaltet und innerhalb der Bohrkrone 1 angeordnet. Der Bohrkopf 2 weist einen kleineren Durchmesser als die Bohrkrone 1 auf.The single FIGURE shows a cover layer drilling device with a drill bit 1 and a drill bit 2. The drill bit 1 is designed as a crown drill in the form of a hollow round bit. The drill head 2 is also designed as a crown drill and disposed within the drill bit 1. The drill head 2 has a smaller diameter than the drill bit 1.

Bohrkrone 1 und Bohrkopf 2 können relativ zueinander über einen als Drehantrieb ausgestalteten Antrieb angetrieben bzw. bewegt werden. Die Translation von Bohrkrone 1 und Bohrkopf 2 in senkrechter Richtung erfolgt gleichzeitig; Bohrkrone 1 und Bohrkopf 2 werden gleichzeitig abgesenkt und Durchtrennen bzw. Bohren die in der Fig. dargestellte Deckschicht 3 gleichzeitig. Ein gewisser Vorlauf des Bohrkopfs 2 kann die Zentrierung der Bohrkrone 1 ermöglichen. Ein nicht dargestellter Vorschub und/oder die Gewichtskraft der Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung können für das gleichzeitige Absenken von Bohrkrone 1 und Bohrkopfs 2 sorgen.Drill bit 1 and drill head 2 can be driven or moved relative to one another via a drive designed as a rotary drive. The translation of drill bit 1 and drill head 2 in the vertical direction takes place simultaneously; Drill bit 1 and drill head 2 are simultaneously lowered and severing or drilling the cover layer 3 shown in FIG. Simultaneously. A certain advance of the drill head 2 can allow the centering of the drill bit 1. An unillustrated feed and / or the weight of the cover layer drilling device can provide for the simultaneous lowering of drill bit 1 and drill head 2.

Die Bohrkrone 1 ist mit einem Anschlussstück 4 verbunden. Das Anschlussstück 4 ist mit einem Planetenradträger 11 verbunden, der ein oder mehrere Planetenräder 8 aufnimmt. Der Bohrkopf 2 wird mittels eines Anschlussstücks 5 mit einem Sonnenrad 6 verbunden. Das Sonnenrad 6 wiederum wird mit einem (Dreh-)Antrieb 9 verbunden. Ein Hohlrad 7 sitzt in einem Gehäuse 12. Eine an einem nicht dargestellten Rahmen befestigte Drehmomentstütze 13 verhindert, dass sich das Gehäuse 12, und insbesondere das Hohlrad 8, mitdreht. Das Sonnenrad 6 sowie das Anschlussstück 5 sind als Hohlwelle ausgebildet, so dass der Bohrkrone 1 und dem Bohrkopf 2 über einen Anschluss 10 Kühl- bzw. Bohrmittel zugeführt werden kann. Der Antrieb 9 treibt mittel- oder unmittelbar das Sonnenrad 6 sowie den Bohrkopf 2 an. Das sich drehende Sonnenrad 6 kämmt dabei mit den Planetenrädern 8, die wiederum mit dem feststehenden Hohlrad 7 in Eingriff stehen, wodurch sich die Planetenräder 8 mit dem Planetenradträger 11 in gleicher Drehrichtung wie das Sonnenrad 6, jedoch in einem bestimmten Übersetzungsverhältnis, welches in dieser Ausführungsform im Bereich von 8 liegt, dreht. Mittels des Anschlussstücks 4 dreht sich die Bohrkrone 1 gemeinsam mit den Planetenrädern 8 und dem Planetenradträger 11.The drill bit 1 is connected to a connection piece 4. The connector 4 is connected to a planet carrier 11, which receives one or more planet gears 8. The drill head 2 is connected by means of a connecting piece 5 with a sun gear 6. The sun gear 6 in turn is connected to a (rotary) drive 9. A ring gear 7 is seated in a housing 12. A mounted on a frame, not shown, torque arm 13 prevents the housing 12, and in particular the ring gear 8 rotates. The sun gear 6 and the connecting piece 5 are formed as a hollow shaft, so that the drill bit 1 and the drill head 2 can be supplied via a connection 10 cooling or drilling means. The drive 9 drives medium or directly the sun gear 6 and the drill head 2 at. The rotating sun gear 6 meshes with the planetary gears 8, which in turn are in engagement with the stationary ring gear 7, whereby the planetary gears 8 with the planet 11 in the same direction as the sun gear 6, but in a certain gear ratio, which in this embodiment is in the range of 8 turns. By means of the connecting piece 4, the drill bit 1 rotates together with the planetary gears 8 and the planet 11th

Claims (13)

Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer Bohrkrone (1) ein Bohrkopf (2) mit einem kleineren Durchmesser als der der Bohrkrone (1) angeordnet ist und die Bohrkrone (1) und der Bohrkopf (2) mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit antreibbar sind.Covering layer drilling apparatus, characterized in that in a drill bit (1) a drill head (2) with a smaller diameter than the drill bit (1) is arranged and the drill bit (1) and the drill head (2) can be driven with different angular velocity. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bohrkopf (2) als weitere Bohrkrone (1) ausgestaltet ist.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drill head (2) is designed as a further drill bit (1). Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Außendurchmesser der Bohrkrone (1) und der Außendurchmesser des Bohrkopfs (2) ein Verhältnis im Bereich von 2 bis 15 aufweisen.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer diameter of the drill bit (1) and the outer diameter of the drill head (2) have a ratio in the range of 2 to 15. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrkrone (1) und der Bohrkopf (2) mit einem Antrieb (9) antreibbar sind, und ein Getriebe zwischen dem Antrieb (9) und der Bohrkrone (1) und dem Bohrkopf (2) angeordnet ist.Covering layer drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drill bit (1) and the drill head (2) with a drive (9) are drivable, and a transmission between the drive (9) and the drill bit (1) and the Drill head (2) is arranged. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Getriebe ein Planetengetriebe ist.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the transmission is a planetary gear. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Planetengetriebe mindestens ein Planetenrad (8), welches mittels des Antriebs (9) antreibbar ist und ein feststehendes Hohlrad (7) aufweist.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the planetary gear at least one planetary gear (8), which by means of the drive (9) can be driven and a fixed ring gear (7). Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sonnenrad (6) des Planetengetriebes mit dem Bohrkopf (2) und dem Antrieb (9) verbunden ist und das Planetenrad (8) mittelbar über das Sonnenrad (6) mittels des Antriebs (9) antreibbar ist.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the sun gear (6) of the planetary gear is connected to the drill head (2) and the drive (9) and the planetary gear (8) indirectly via the sun gear (6) by means of the drive (9) drivable is. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassdas Planetengetriebe mindestens ein feststehendes Planetenrad (8), welches mittels des Antriebs (9) antreibbar ist, und ein Hohlrad (7) aufweist.Covering layer drilling apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the planetary gear has at least one stationary planetary gear (8), which is drivable by means of the drive (9), and a ring gear (7). Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrkrone (1) und der Bohrkopf (2) mit unterschiedlichem Drehsinn antreibbar sind.Covering layer drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drill bit (1) and the drill head (2) can be driven with different directions of rotation. Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Antrieb (9), insbesondere für jedes Planetenrad (8), vorhanden ist.Covering layer drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one drive (9), in particular for each planetary gear (8), is present. Verfahren zum Bohren eines Kerns in eine Deckschicht (3) zum Erzeugen einer Grube umfassend einen Schritt eines Bohrens mit einer Bohrkrone, gekennzeichnet durch Bohren mit einem weiteren Bohrkopf (2) kleineren Durchmessers als die Bohrkrone (1) während des Bohrens mit der Bohrkrone (1), wobei Bohrkopf (2) und Bohrkrone (1) mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit gedreht werden.Method for drilling a core into a cover layer (3) for producing a pit comprising a step of drilling with a drill bit, characterized by drilling with a further drill head (2) of smaller diameter than the drill bit (1) during drilling with the drill bit (1 ), wherein drill head (2) and drill bit (1) are rotated at different angular velocity. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, gekennzeichnet durch Drehen von Bohrkrone (1) und Bohrkopf (2) mit unterschiedlichem Drehsinn.A method according to claim 11, characterized by turning the drill bit (1) and drill head (2) with different directions of rotation. Verwenden einer Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung zum Bohren eines Kerns in eine Deckschicht (3), wobei die Deckschichtbohrvorrichtung eine Bohrkrone (1) einen in der Bohrkrone (1) angeordneten Bohrkopf (2) kleineren Durchmessers als der der Bohrkrone (1) aufweist, und Bohrkrone (1) und Bohrkopf (2) mit unterschiedlicher Winkelgeschwindigkeit antreibbar sind.Use of a cover layer drilling device for drilling a core into a cover layer (3), the cover layer drilling device having a drill bit (1) having a drill head (2) of smaller diameter than the drill bit (1) arranged in the drill bit (1), and drill bit (1). and drill head (2) are driven at different angular velocity.
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