EP3070429B1 - Projectile for intercepting a small drone - Google Patents

Projectile for intercepting a small drone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3070429B1
EP3070429B1 EP16000556.7A EP16000556A EP3070429B1 EP 3070429 B1 EP3070429 B1 EP 3070429B1 EP 16000556 A EP16000556 A EP 16000556A EP 3070429 B1 EP3070429 B1 EP 3070429B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
net
small drone
weights
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP16000556.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3070429A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Stelte
Martin Hertel
Harald Schieb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3070429A1 publication Critical patent/EP3070429A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3070429B1 publication Critical patent/EP3070429B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • F41H13/0006—Ballistically deployed systems for restraining persons or animals, e.g. ballistically deployed nets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/66—Chain-shot, i.e. the submissiles being interconnected by chains or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile for intercepting a small drone according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a projectile is from the US 2012/210904 A1 , from the US 2009/084284 A1 or from the US Pat. No. 5,898,125 known.
  • the DE 197 44 742 A1 discloses a device for firing a net at a person.
  • the device is intended to provide a replacement for land mines.
  • the device ejects after a triggering a rotating container upwards.
  • the container detects the distance to objects around it as a function of the ascent.
  • a net is fired in its direction out of the container.
  • the known device is not suitable to intercept a flying object.
  • the object of the aforementioned invention is to provide a device with which a small drone can be intercepted and in their use collateral damage can be largely prevented.
  • the projectile includes, inter alia, an activating agent, a discharge means and a stowed projectile network, the activator time-delayed after firing the projectile from a firing device activates the ejection means by an activation signal, so that the network in the direction of flight of the projectile for Small drone is ejected out of the projectile.
  • the term "droneā€ is understood to mean an unmanned aerial vehicle which is either autonomously navigated or remotely controlled.
  • the drone can be an unmanned aircraft or an unmanned helicopter.
  • the drone may be an unmanned helicopter with multiple rotors, such. B. a quadrocopter.
  • small drone is understood to mean a drone having a weight of at most 20 kg, preferably at most 10 kg, in particular at most 5 kg.
  • interception is understood to mean that a flying small drone is prevented from flying by being rendered flightless.
  • the network can be deployed in particular on rotors of the small drone.
  • the small drone thus loses its drive. It can no longer be purposefully navigated or controlled.
  • the small drone is thus unable to fly through the network.
  • the network at least partially wraps around the small drone.
  • the network can completely wrap the small drone.
  • the net can form a kind of cocoon around the small drone.
  • the net can thus dampen the force of impact in case of a crash of the small drone.
  • the network can prevent ammunition from being dropped or fired from the small drone. For example, the dropping of a hand grenade can be prevented. Even the force of an explosion of the small drone or a mounted on this ammunition can be reduced by the network.
  • the activating means comprises a distance sensor, which upon reaching a predetermined and / or calculated Desired distance to the small drone outputs the activation signal.
  • the distance sensor may be an electro-optical sensor or a radar sensor, for. B. be a signal transit time sensor.
  • B. be a signal transit time sensor.
  • the distance sensor can be provided as a distance sensor known from military technology distance fuse or proximity fuse.
  • the distance sensor has a wide field of view.
  • the distance sensor may comprise evaluation electronics.
  • a specific distance value can be specified.
  • additional sensors and / or further electronics can be provided in the projectile, which allow a calculation of the desired distance. The calculation can be carried out continuously.
  • the desired distance can be calculated, for example, as a function of the projectile speed or the speed of the small drone.
  • the nominal distance is dimensioned so small that the net is deployed immediately before the small drone.
  • the nominal distance is preferably at most 5 m. Particularly preferred is a desired distance of at most 3 m. This can prevent that the small drone still has the opportunity of an evasive maneuver in front of her approaching network and can escape the net.
  • the activating means may comprise, in addition to or as an alternative to the distance sensor, a means for pattern recognition.
  • the means for pattern recognition is designed to detect objects to which the projectile falls, and with typical small drones patterns or for other flying objects, eg. For example, for birds, to compare typical patterns.
  • the activating means may be designed such that the activation signal is output only when the means for pattern recognition has identified an object for which the distance sensor determines the reaching of the desired distance as a small drone. This can be prevented that the network to another flying object, eg. B. on a bird is thrown.
  • the activating means comprises a timing controller which outputs the activation signal at the end of a predetermined and / or calculated period of time.
  • the timing is advantageously designed as an electronic circuit.
  • a predetermined period of time can be entered.
  • a predetermined distance to the small drone can be entered into the timing control.
  • the timer then calculates the time duration.
  • the calculation may also take into account other information, such as the Ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device and / or the actual projectile velocity measured by a velocity sensor after firing the projectile.
  • it can also be given a maximum period of time, with the expiry of the time control outputs the activation signal to prevent collateral damage caused by the projectile.
  • the timing may be provided in addition to the distance sensor. So z. B. when not reaching the desired distance, the activation signal are issued with the expiry of the maximum time.
  • the activating means comprises a receiver for receiving radio signals and / or optical signals, which outputs the activation signal upon receiving a predetermined command signal.
  • the predetermined command signal may thus be a radio signal or an optical signal. It may be delivered by a shooter who fires the projectile by means of the firing device or by an observer watching the flight of the projectile.
  • the optical signal can, for. B. be emitted from the firing device fro light flash, which may be coded to distinguish extraneous light.
  • the receiver may also be provided together with a distance sensor and / or a time control. The receiver may also be configured to receive an abort signal.
  • the termination signal Upon receiving the termination signal, it can be prevented, for example, that the activation signal is output when the nominal distance to the small drone has been reached or when a calculated time has elapsed. This is z.
  • the activation signal is output when the nominal distance to the small drone has been reached or when a calculated time has elapsed. This is z.
  • To prevent collateral damage caused by the projectile may be provided after receiving the abort signal that the activation signal is issued only to the predetermined command signal or expiration of a predetermined time.
  • tensioning weights are mounted on the net for mounting the network after ejection from the projectile.
  • the tension weights may form part of a shell surrounding the projectile.
  • the tension weights can also be provided within the projectile.
  • the tension weights are preferably connected to the network at the edge of the network.
  • the tension weights each have a through hole through which at least one thread forming the net is guided.
  • two to twelve clamping weights can be provided.
  • four to six clamping weights are provided.
  • the tensioned net preferably has the shape of a rectangle, in particular a square, a pentagon or hexagon, in accordance with the number of tension weights.
  • the spanned network can also have the shape of a circle.
  • the tensioning weights can be arranged, for example, equidistantly on the outer circumference of the net.
  • the tension weights advantageously have a high density. They are z. B. made of steel.
  • the tension weights continue to have a low air resistance. This allows a quick opening of the network.
  • the tension weights and the network are arranged in the projectile such that the network is ejected from the projectile only after the tension weights.
  • the tension weights can first be released from the projectile by the ejection means and subsequently pull the net with it.
  • the network can therefore be ejected from the projectile through the intermediary of the tension weights connected to the network.
  • the ejection means may transmit an additional impulse to the tensioning weights and / or the net, which assists the ejection of the tensioning weights and / or the net from the projectile and the tensioning of the net. On the additional impulse can also be dispensed with, if the projectile with twist, d. H.
  • the ejection means may for example comprise a cutting device which cuts through a holder of the clamping weights, a release device with z. B. springs and / or hooks, which releases the clamping weights, and / or include an opening device which opens a surrounding the clamping weights envelope of the projectile.
  • the ejection means may further comprise, for example, a stepping motor for actuating said devices.
  • the ejection means comprises an ignitable to the activation signal propellant.
  • the ejection means further comprises an igniter for igniting the propellant charge.
  • the detonator receives the activation signal issued by the activator and then ignites the propellant.
  • the propellant may transmit an impulse to the net and / or to the tensioning weights, which causes the ejection of the tensioning weights and / or of the network from the projectile and the harnessing of the network.
  • the tensioning weights are arranged around at least a part of the propellant charge.
  • the propellant charge, the clamping weights and the network can be arranged such that when the ignition of the propellant charge initially the tension weights are ejected from the projectile and pull in the wake of the network with it.
  • the propellant charge can only serve to release the tensioning weights from the projectile.
  • the propellant can destroy a holder of the clamping weights and / or a surrounding the clamping weights enclosure of the projectile.
  • the propellant may alternatively operate, for example, the cutting device which cuts through a holder of the clamping weights. As a result of their rotational energy, the tension weights released by the projectile can then move away from the projectile as well as from each other, thereby expanding the net.
  • the network of aramid fibers, carbon fibers and / or a fabric of nanotubes is formed.
  • the nanotubes are preferably carbon nanotubes.
  • the network thus created is characterized by a low weight with a high strength.
  • the net can have a diameter of between 30 cm and 10 m when clamped. Preferably, the diameter is 1.5 to 8 m. In particular, a mesh diameter of 3 to 5 m is preferred.
  • the mesh size of the net should be such that the air resistance of the net is low, but the small drone can not slip through the net.
  • the mesh size of the mesh is preferably 1 to 20 cm, preferably a mesh size of 4 to 6 cm, more preferably 5 cm mesh size.
  • the projectile comprises a head part and a rear part, wherein the network and the tension weights are accommodated in the head part, and wherein the rear part is constructed such that it can be dismantled into several sections.
  • the tail section may be configured to disassemble into multiple sections during or after ejection of the net.
  • the sections can be fastened by means of a holding device.
  • the holding device can, for. B. be designed as a rope.
  • the propellant and / or another propellant may assist in disassembling the tail section.
  • the propellant charge and / or the further propellant charge the Destroy holding device.
  • the propellant and / or the further propellant may also operate a cutting device. The cutter then cuts the holding device, the z. B. is designed as a rope. Disassembling the projectile into multiple parts can reduce the impact of a projectile impact. Thus, collateral damage can be largely prevented.
  • the projectile from a rifle, a grenade launcher or a pneumatic weapon as Abfeuervorides is fired.
  • the firing device can be a hand-held weapon or a z. B. be by means of a tripod on a surface storable weapon.
  • the rifle, grenade launcher or compressed air weapon may be conventional weapons for firing conventional ammunition.
  • the projectile may have the outer shape of a conventional grenade.
  • the rifle, the grenade launcher or the compressed air weapon can also be specially designed for firing projectiles according to the invention.
  • a compressed air weapon having an opposing piston can be configured in such a way that the projectile, as a piston assigned to the counter piston, can be fired from the compressed air weapon essentially without any recoil.
  • the projectile advantageously has a caliber of at most 100 mm. Most preferably, the projectile caliber has 40mm, 60mm or 90mm.
  • the projectile has a mass of 50 g to 5 kg. Preference is given to projectiles with a mass of 200 g to 700 g.
  • the ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device is advantageously between 50 m / s and 300 m / s. Preferably, the ejection speed is about 100 m / s.
  • the ejection speed can be measured by means of two coils provided in the course of the firing device.
  • the projectile is advantageously suitable to intercept small drones at a distance of 30 m to 500 m.
  • the range of the projectile is preferably 300 m.
  • the required accuracy is advantageously between 2 Ā° and 10 Ā°. Preferably, the required accuracy is 6 Ā°.
  • the network is clamped immediately before reaching the small drone.
  • the small drone can even be successfully intercepted when the net is not fully deployed. It can even be enough if a tension weight hits the small drone and makes it unable to fly.
  • a leash is attached to the net and / or to a tension weight with a first end, wherein a second end of the leash remains after the firing of the projectile at the firing device.
  • the small drone can be pulled by attaching the line to the firing device after attaching the net to the small drone.
  • the networked small drone can be pulled by means of the leash into a container.
  • the container is preferably designed explosion-proof.
  • the small drone can be controlled destroyed in the container.
  • the small drone can be examined for any danger posed by it. If necessary, the small drone can be defused. Furthermore, by examining the small drone, conclusions can be drawn about the technology used in it and about the persons responsible for it.
  • a parachute may be provided on the net and / or on the tensioning weights.
  • the parachute preferably opens only after the net has made the small drone flightless.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a first projectile according to the invention 1.
  • the projectile 1 comprises a head part 2 and a rear part 3.
  • the head part 2 is bounded by a sheath 2a and an annular disc 2b.
  • the shell 2a and / or the annular disc 2b are formed, for example, of PVC.
  • a network 4 connected to the net 4 tension weights 5, a propellant 6 and a distance sensor 7 are added.
  • the propellant charge 6 is arranged in the region of a central axis of the projectile 1.
  • the tensioning weights 5 surround the propellant charge 6. For example, eight tensioning weights 5 are provided.
  • the distance sensor 7 is z. B. designed as a laser rangefinder.
  • the distance sensor 7 comprises a laser diode for emitting a laser pulse and a photodiode for receiving the reflected laser pulse.
  • a laser diode for emitting a laser pulse and a photodiode for receiving the reflected laser pulse.
  • photodiode for laser diode and photodiode each provided with a window 2c recess in the shell 2a is provided. In the in Fig. 1 shown sectional view is only one of the two windows 2c recognizable.
  • the rear part 3 is composed of several sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e.
  • an electronics 8 is added in an area adjacent to the head portion 3a.
  • the electronics 8 is connected to the distance sensor 7 via a data line, not shown.
  • the electronics 8 is used to evaluate the data determined by the distance sensor 7.
  • the electronics 8 allows the calculation and / or storage of a desired distance, at the time of reaching the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1.
  • the electronics 8 may also include a timer and means for calculating and / or storing a period of time, at the end of which the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1.
  • the electronics 8 may include a receiver.
  • a command signal can be received, to which the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1.
  • the receiver or another receiver arranged in the electronics 8 can be designed to receive, for example, data transmitted by the firing device.
  • the transmission can also take place, for example, via a transmitting coil arranged on the barrel of the firing device, while the projectile is still located in the firing device.
  • the transmitted data can z. For example, the removal of the small drones to be intercepted immediately prior to firing the projectile from the firing device, the ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device, and / or the predetermined period of time computed in the firing device.
  • the section 3a closest to the head part continues to receive a cutting device 9 in the region of a central axis of the projectile 1.
  • the cutting device 9 is connected to a cable 10, which passes through the further sections 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e along the central axis of the projectile 1 and is secured to the head part 2 farthest section 3e.
  • the further sections 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e are preferably made in lightweight construction. For example, they can be constructed in a honeycomb structure. They can also be made of foam.
  • the head portion nearest portion 3a is preferably made of a solid material for the protection of the electronics 8, for. B. of PVC.
  • the individual sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e are firmly against each other.
  • the propellant 6 and the cutting device 9 are configured such that upon ignition of the propellant charge 6, the cutting device 9 is actuated. In this case, the cutting device 9 cuts the rope 10. As a result, lose the individual sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e their connection and fall apart.
  • the projectile 1 is advantageously fired from a specially designed with regard to the projectile 1 pneumatic weapon.
  • the compressed air weapon includes a launch tube into which the projectile 1 is to be inserted from the front. Furthermore, the compressed air weapon has a matched to the projectile 1 opposed piston.
  • the projectile 1 can be fired from the compressed air weapon essentially recoilless.
  • a pressure accumulator can be charged by means of a nitrogen cylinder. Solenoid valve-controlled overflow openings allow the required differential pressure to be directed to the projectile 1.
  • the specially designed compressed air weapon is reloadable.
  • Fig. 2 1 shows an exploded view of a second projectile 11 according to the invention.
  • the second projectile 11 according to the invention differs from the first projectile 1 according to the invention only in that its rear part 3 comprises only four sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d.
  • the exploded view illustrates the modular design of the projectile 11. With the ejection of the network 4 and the tension weights 5 due to the ignition of the propellant charge 6 the projectile 11 breaks down into several small parts. The small parts are so small and light that they pose only a small hazard to people. Furthermore, the propellant charge 6 can be designed such that when it is ignited, the casing 2a is blown open.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross section through a third projectile according to the invention 21.
  • the projectile 21 is a 40 mm cartridge that can be fired by a conventional grenade launcher.
  • the projectile 21 removes a network 4 Carbon fibers on.
  • the network 4 has in the clamped state a diameter of 5 m with a mesh size of 5 cm.
  • the projectile 21 comprises four tension weights 5.
  • the tension weights 5 are made of steel or mineral binder and each form inside with a recess provided quarter circle segments.
  • the recesses taken together form a cylindrical shape which receives a propellant 6.
  • the outer circumference of the tensioning weights 5 forms part of an enclosure of the projectile 21.
  • the tensioning weights 5 can form, for example, the dome-shaped part of the projectile 21 directed in the direction of flight.
  • the tension weights 5 can also be surrounded by an additional enclosure instead.
  • the first 1 and second projectile 11 according to the invention can tensioning weights 5 in the in Fig. 3 illustrated arrangement.
  • the projectile 1, 11, 21 is from a firing device, such. As a rifle, grenade launcher or a compressed air weapon, fired on a ballistic trajectory to be intercepted small drone.
  • a firing device such as a rifle, grenade launcher or a compressed air weapon, fired on a ballistic trajectory to be intercepted small drone.
  • the ejection speed of the projectile 1, 11, 21 is measured from the firing device by means of two coils provided in the course of the firing device.
  • the removal of the small drone is also determined by means of a laser rangefinder fixedly connected to the firing device. With the help of the ejection speed and the removal of the small drone, the time period is calculated and transmitted by means of contactless data transmission to the receiver provided in the projectile 1, 11, 21.
  • the projectile 1, 11, 21 approaches on a ballistic trajectory of the small drone.
  • the tail section 3 of the projectile is used to stabilize the trajectory.
  • At the end of the period transmitted by the electronics 8 timing transmits an activation signal to the propellant 6.
  • the propellant 6 ignites and accelerates the tension weights 5 in the direction of the small drone to be intercepted.
  • the tension weights 5 pull the network 4 attached to them.
  • the tension weights 5 undergo an acceleration in a radial direction with respect to the projectile 1, 11, 21 by the propellant charge 6.
  • the tensioning weights 5 are removed from one another. This leads to a stretching of the network 4.
  • the network 4 is clamped immediately before reaching the small drone.
  • the small drone to be intercepted an obstacle at which the clamped network 4 is stopped.
  • the tension weights 5 continue to fly due to their inertia initially. By tightening the network 4, however, the tension weights 5 are moved towards each other and thrown back. As a result, the small drone is wrapped by the network 4. In particular, the drive of the small drone is blocked by the network 4. The small drone is unable to fly through the net 4 and falls wrapped in the net 4 to the ground.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Projektil zum Abfangen einer Kleindrohne gemƤƟ dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ein derartiges Projektil ist aus der US 2012/210904 A1 , aus der US 2009/084284 A1 oder aus der US 5 898 125 A bekannt.The invention relates to a projectile for intercepting a small drone according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a projectile is from the US 2012/210904 A1 , from the US 2009/084284 A1 or from the US Pat. No. 5,898,125 known.

Es muss damit gerechnet werden, dass Kleindrohnen in Zukunft fĆ¼r terroristische Angriffe eingesetzt werden. Die Abwehr eines solchen Angriffs mit herkƶmmlichen Waffen ist problematisch. Insbesondere bei einem AbschieƟen einer Kleindrohne Ć¼ber bewohntem Gebiet drohen hohe KollateralschƤden. Es besteht ein Bedarf, Kleindrohnen an einem Weiterflug zu hindern.It must be expected that small drones will be used in future for terrorist attacks. The defense against such an attack with conventional weapons is problematic. Particularly with a firing of a small drone over inhabited area threatens high collateral damages. There is a need to prevent small drones from flying on.

Nach dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, Netze auf Personen zu schieƟen, um diese Personen in ihrer Bewegung zu hindern. Aus der DE 100 05 931 A1 ist es bekannt, ein Netz aus einer speziell ausgestalteten Luftdruckwaffe auf Personen zu verschieƟen. Das Netz kann dabei auch in einer Patrone aufgenommen sein. Die Patrone ist so ausgestaltet, dass das Netz mittels eines durch die Luftdruckwaffe in die Patrone eingebrachten Luftdrucks aus der Patrone ausgestoƟen wird. Die bekannte Vorrichtung hat eine geringe Reichweite, ist ungenau und erlaubt nicht das Abfangen einer Kleindrohne.In the prior art, it is known to shoot nets on persons to prevent these persons in their movement. From the DE 100 05 931 A1 It is known to shoot a net of a specially designed air pressure weapon on persons. The network can also be included in a cartridge. The cartridge is designed so that the net is ejected from the cartridge by means of an air pressure introduced into the cartridge by the air pressure gun. The known device has a short range, is inaccurate and does not allow the interception of a small drone.

Die DE 197 44 742 A1 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum VerschieƟen eines Netzes auf eine Person. Die Vorrichtung soll einen Ersatz fĆ¼r Landminen bereitstellen. Die Vorrichtung stĆ¶ĆŸt nach einer Auslƶsung einen rotierenden BehƤlter nach oben aus. WƤhrend des Aufsteigens erfasst der BehƤlter den Abstand zu Objekten rings herum als Funktion der Aufstiegshƶhe. Bei Erfassen eines Objekts mit einer fĆ¼r Menschen typischen Hƶhe wird ein Netz in dessen Richtung aus dem BehƤlter geschossen. Die bekannte Vorrichtung ist nicht geeignet, ein fliegendes Objekt abzufangen.The DE 197 44 742 A1 discloses a device for firing a net at a person. The device is intended to provide a replacement for land mines. The device ejects after a triggering a rotating container upwards. During ascent, the container detects the distance to objects around it as a function of the ascent. Upon detection of an object of a height typical of humans, a net is fired in its direction out of the container. The known device is not suitable to intercept a flying object.

Die Aufgabe der vorgenannten Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, mit der eine Kleindrohne abgefangen werden kann und bei deren Einsatz KollateralschƤden weitgehend verhindert werden kƶnnen.The object of the aforementioned invention is to provide a device with which a small drone can be intercepted and in their use collateral damage can be largely prevented.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelƶst. ZweckmƤƟige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der PatentansprĆ¼che 2 bis 10.This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of claims 2 to 10.

Nach MaƟgabe der Erfindung umfasst das Projektil unter anderem ein Aktiviermittel, ein AusstoƟmittel und ein im Projektil verstautes Netz, wobei das Aktiviermittel zeitversetzt nach dem Abfeuern des Projektils aus einer Abfeuervorrichtung das AusstoƟmittel durch ein Aktivierungssignal aktiviert, so dass damit das Netz in Flugrichtung des Projektils zur Kleindrohne hin aus dem Projektil ausgestoƟen wird.According to the invention, the projectile includes, inter alia, an activating agent, a discharge means and a stowed projectile network, the activator time-delayed after firing the projectile from a firing device activates the ejection means by an activation signal, so that the network in the direction of flight of the projectile for Small drone is ejected out of the projectile.

Unter dem Begriff "Drohne" wird im Sinn der vorliegenden Erfindung ein unbemanntes Luftfahrzeug verstanden, das entweder eigenstƤndig navigiert oder ferngesteuert wird. Bei der Drohne kann es sich um ein unbemanntes Flugzeug oder um einen unbemannten Helikopter handeln. Insbesondere kann die Drohne ein unbemannter Helikopter mit mehreren Rotoren sein, wie z. B. ein Quadrokopter.For the purposes of the present invention, the term "drone" is understood to mean an unmanned aerial vehicle which is either autonomously navigated or remotely controlled. The drone can be an unmanned aircraft or an unmanned helicopter. In particular, the drone may be an unmanned helicopter with multiple rotors, such. B. a quadrocopter.

Unter dem Begriff "Kleindrohne" wird eine Drohne mit einem Gewicht von hƶchstens 20 kg, vorzugsweise hƶchstens 10 kg, insbesondere hƶchstens 5 kg verstanden. - Unter dem Begriff "Abfangen" wird verstanden, dass eine fliegende Kleindrohne an einem Weiterfliegen gehindert wird, indem sie flugunfƤhig gemacht wird.The term "small drone" is understood to mean a drone having a weight of at most 20 kg, preferably at most 10 kg, in particular at most 5 kg. - The term "interception" is understood to mean that a flying small drone is prevented from flying by being rendered flightless.

Mit dem erfindungsgemƤƟen Projektil ist es mƶglich, ein Netz auf eine Kleindrohne zu werfen. Das Netz kann insbesondere auf Rotoren der Kleindrohne ausgebracht werden. Dadurch verfangen sich die Rotoren im Netz und werden in ihrer Drehbewegung gehindert. Die Kleindrohne verliert somit ihren Antrieb. Sie kann nicht mehr zielgerichtet navigieren bzw. gesteuert werden. Die Kleindrohne wird also durch das Netz flugunfƤhig. Vorteilhafterweise umwickelt das Netz die Kleindrohne zumindest teilweise. Insbesondere kann das Netz die Kleindrohne vollstƤndig umwickeln. Das Netz kann eine Art Kokon um die Kleindrohne bilden. Das Netz kann somit die Wucht des Aufpralls bei einem Absturz der Kleindrohne dƤmpfen. Weiterhin kann das Netz verhindern, dass eine Munition von der Kleindrohne aus abgeworfen oder abgefeuert wird. Beispielsweise kann der Abwurf einer Handgranate verhindert werden. Selbst die Wucht einer Explosion der Kleindrohne oder einer an dieser angebrachten Munition kann durch das Netz vermindert werden.With the projectile according to the invention, it is possible to throw a net on a small drone. The network can be deployed in particular on rotors of the small drone. As a result, the rotors caught in the network and are prevented in their rotational movement. The small drone thus loses its drive. It can no longer be purposefully navigated or controlled. The small drone is thus unable to fly through the network. Advantageously, the network at least partially wraps around the small drone. In particular, the network can completely wrap the small drone. The net can form a kind of cocoon around the small drone. The net can thus dampen the force of impact in case of a crash of the small drone. Furthermore, the network can prevent ammunition from being dropped or fired from the small drone. For example, the dropping of a hand grenade can be prevented. Even the force of an explosion of the small drone or a mounted on this ammunition can be reduced by the network.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das Aktiviermittel einen Abstandssensor, welcher beim Erreichen eines vorgegebenen und/oder berechneten Sollabstands zur Kleindrohne das Aktivierungssignal ausgibt. Der Abstandssensor kann ein elektrooptischer Sensor oder ein Radarsensor, z. B. ein Signallaufzeitsensor sein. Insbesondere kann als Abstandssensor ein aus der MilitƤrtechnik bekannter AbstandszĆ¼nder bzw. AnnƤherungszĆ¼nder vorgesehen sein. Vorteilhafterweise verfĆ¼gt der Abstandssensor Ć¼ber ein weites Gesichtsfeld. Der Abstandssensor kann eine Auswertungselektronik umfassen.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the activating means comprises a distance sensor, which upon reaching a predetermined and / or calculated Desired distance to the small drone outputs the activation signal. The distance sensor may be an electro-optical sensor or a radar sensor, for. B. be a signal transit time sensor. In particular, can be provided as a distance sensor known from military technology distance fuse or proximity fuse. Advantageously, the distance sensor has a wide field of view. The distance sensor may comprise evaluation electronics.

Als Sollabstand kann ein bestimmter Abstandswert vorgegeben sein. DarĆ¼ber hinaus kƶnnen im Projektil noch weitere Sensoren und/oder weitere Elektronik vorgesehen sein, welche eine Berechnung des Sollabstands ermƶglichen. Die Berechnung kann fortlaufend erfolgen. Dabei kann der Sollabstand beispielsweise in AbhƤngigkeit der Projektilgeschwindigkeit oder der Geschwindigkeit der Kleindrohne berechnet werden. Vorteilhafterweise wird der Sollabstand so gering bemessen, dass das Netz unmittelbar vor der Kleindrohne entfaltet wird. Vorzugsweise betrƤgt der Sollabstand hƶchstens 5 m. Besonders bevorzugt wird ein Sollabstand von hƶchstens 3 m. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass die Kleindrohne noch die Gelegenheit eines Ausweichmanƶvers vor dem sich ihr annƤhernden Netz hat und dem Netz entkommen kann.As a desired distance, a specific distance value can be specified. In addition, additional sensors and / or further electronics can be provided in the projectile, which allow a calculation of the desired distance. The calculation can be carried out continuously. In this case, the desired distance can be calculated, for example, as a function of the projectile speed or the speed of the small drone. Advantageously, the nominal distance is dimensioned so small that the net is deployed immediately before the small drone. The nominal distance is preferably at most 5 m. Particularly preferred is a desired distance of at most 3 m. This can prevent that the small drone still has the opportunity of an evasive maneuver in front of her approaching network and can escape the net.

Das Aktiviermittel kann zusƤtzlich oder alternativ zum Abstandssensor ein Mittel zur Mustererkennung umfassen. Das Mittel zur Mustererkennung ist dazu ausgelegt, Objekte, auf die das Projektil zufliegt, zu erfassen und mit fĆ¼r Kleindrohnen typischen Mustern bzw. mit fĆ¼r andere Flugobjekte, z. B. fĆ¼r Vƶgel, typischen Mustern zu vergleichen. Das Aktiviermittel kann dabei so ausgestaltet sein, dass das Aktivierungssignal nur dann ausgegeben wird, wenn das Mittel zur Mustererkennung ein Objekt, fĆ¼r das der Abstandssensor das Erreichen des Sollabstands bestimmt, als Kleindrohne identifiziert hat. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass das Netz auf ein anderes Flugobjekt, z. B. auf einen Vogel, geworfen wird.The activating means may comprise, in addition to or as an alternative to the distance sensor, a means for pattern recognition. The means for pattern recognition is designed to detect objects to which the projectile falls, and with typical small drones patterns or for other flying objects, eg. For example, for birds, to compare typical patterns. The activating means may be designed such that the activation signal is output only when the means for pattern recognition has identified an object for which the distance sensor determines the reaching of the desired distance as a small drone. This can be prevented that the network to another flying object, eg. B. on a bird is thrown.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das Aktiviermittel eine Zeitsteuerung, die mit Ablauf einer vorgegebenen und/oder berechneten Zeitdauer das Aktivierungssignal ausgibt. Die Zeitsteuerung ist vorteilhafterweise als elektronische Schaltung ausgestaltet. In die Zeitsteuerung kann eine vorgegebene Zeitdauer eingegeben werden. Alternativ kann in die Zeitsteuerung eine vorab bestimmte Entfernung zur Kleindrohne eingegeben werden. Die Zeitsteuerung berechnet daraufhin die Zeitdauer. Bei der Berechnung kƶnnen auch weitere Informationen berĆ¼cksichtigt werden, beispielsweise die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit des Projektils aus der Abfeuervorrichtung und/oder die durch einen Geschwindigkeitssensor gemessene tatsƤchliche Projektilgeschwindigkeit nach dem Abfeuern des Projektils. Es kann aber auch eine Maximalzeitdauer vorgegeben sein, mit deren Ablauf die Zeitsteuerung das Aktivierungssignal ausgibt, um durch das Projektil verursachte KollateralschƤden zu verhindern. Die Zeitsteuerung kann zusƤtzlich zum Abstandssensor vorgesehen sein. So kann z. B. beim Nichterreichen des Sollabstands das Aktivierungssignal mit dem Ablaufen der Maximalzeit ausgegeben werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the activating means comprises a timing controller which outputs the activation signal at the end of a predetermined and / or calculated period of time. The timing is advantageously designed as an electronic circuit. In the time control, a predetermined period of time can be entered. Alternatively, a predetermined distance to the small drone can be entered into the timing control. The timer then calculates the time duration. The calculation may also take into account other information, such as the Ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device and / or the actual projectile velocity measured by a velocity sensor after firing the projectile. However, it can also be given a maximum period of time, with the expiry of the time control outputs the activation signal to prevent collateral damage caused by the projectile. The timing may be provided in addition to the distance sensor. So z. B. when not reaching the desired distance, the activation signal are issued with the expiry of the maximum time.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das Aktiviermittel einen EmpfƤnger zum Empfangen von Funksignalen und/oder optischen Signalen, der beim Empfangen eines vorgegebenen Befehlssignals das Aktivierungssignal ausgibt. Das vorgegebene Befehlssignal kann also ein Funksignal oder ein optisches Signal sein. Es kann von einem SchĆ¼tzen, welcher das Projektil mittels der Abfeuervorrichtung abfeuert, oder von einem Beobachter, welcher den Flug des Projektils beobachtet, abgegeben werden. Das optische Signal kann z. B. ein von der Abfeuervorrichtung her abgegebener Lichtblitz sein, der zur Unterscheidung von Fremdlicht kodiert sein kann. Der EmpfƤnger kann auch gemeinsam mit einem Abstandssensor und/oder einer Zeitsteuerung vorgesehen sein. Der EmpfƤnger kann auƟerdem dazu ausgelegt sein, ein Abbruchsignal zu empfangen. Auf das Empfangen des Abbruchsignals hin kann beispielsweise unterbunden werden, dass das Aktivierungssignal beim Erreichen des Sollabstands zur Kleindrohne oder beim Ablaufen einer berechneten Zeit ausgeben wird. Damit ist es z. B. bei einer geƤnderten Bewertung der durch die Kleindrohne verursachten GefƤhrdungssituation mƶglich, das Abfangen der Kleindrohne auch nach dem Abfeuern des Projektils zu unterbinden. Zur Verhinderung von durch das Projektil verursachten KollateralschƤden kann nach dem Empfangen des Abbruchsignals vorgesehen sein, dass das Aktivierungssignal lediglich auf das vorgegebene Befehlssignals hin oder beim Ablaufen einer vorgegebenen Zeit ausgegeben wird.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the activating means comprises a receiver for receiving radio signals and / or optical signals, which outputs the activation signal upon receiving a predetermined command signal. The predetermined command signal may thus be a radio signal or an optical signal. It may be delivered by a shooter who fires the projectile by means of the firing device or by an observer watching the flight of the projectile. The optical signal can, for. B. be emitted from the firing device fro light flash, which may be coded to distinguish extraneous light. The receiver may also be provided together with a distance sensor and / or a time control. The receiver may also be configured to receive an abort signal. Upon receiving the termination signal, it can be prevented, for example, that the activation signal is output when the nominal distance to the small drone has been reached or when a calculated time has elapsed. This is z. As in a modified assessment of the threat caused by the small drone hazardous situation possible to stop the interception of the small drone even after the firing of the projectile. To prevent collateral damage caused by the projectile may be provided after receiving the abort signal that the activation signal is issued only to the predetermined command signal or expiration of a predetermined time.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind am Netz Spanngewichte zum Aufspannen des Netzes nach dem AusstoƟen aus dem Projektil angebracht. Die Spanngewichte kƶnnen einen Teil einer das Projektil umgebenden HĆ¼lle bilden. Die Spanngewichte kƶnnen aber auch innerhalb des Projektils vorgesehen sein. Die Spanngewichte sind vorzugsweise am Rand des Netzes mit dem Netz verbunden. Vorzugsweise weisen die Spanngewichte jeweils ein Durchgangsloch auf, durch das zumindest ein das Netz bildender Faden gefĆ¼hrt ist. Vorteilhafterweise kƶnnen zwei bis zwƶlf Spanngewichte vorgesehen sein. Vorzugsweise sind vier bis sechs Spanngewichte vorgesehen. Das aufgespannte Netz hat entsprechend der Anzahl der Spanngewichte vorzugsweise die Form eines Rechtecks, insbesondere eines Quadrats, eines FĆ¼nf- oder Sechsecks. Das aufgespannte Netz kann aber auch die Form eines Kreises aufweisen. In diesem Fall kƶnnen die Spanngewichte beispielsweise Ƥquidistant am ƤuƟeren Umfang des Netzes angeordnet sein. Die Spanngewichte haben vorteilhafterweise eine hohe Dichte. Sie sind z. B. aus Stahl hergestellt. Die Spanngewichte weisen weiterhin einen geringen Luftwiderstand auf. Dadurch wird ein schnelles Aufspannen des Netzes ermƶglicht.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, tensioning weights are mounted on the net for mounting the network after ejection from the projectile. The tension weights may form part of a shell surrounding the projectile. The tension weights can also be provided within the projectile. The tension weights are preferably connected to the network at the edge of the network. Preferably, the tension weights each have a through hole through which at least one thread forming the net is guided. advantageously, two to twelve clamping weights can be provided. Preferably, four to six clamping weights are provided. The tensioned net preferably has the shape of a rectangle, in particular a square, a pentagon or hexagon, in accordance with the number of tension weights. The spanned network can also have the shape of a circle. In this case, the tensioning weights can be arranged, for example, equidistantly on the outer circumference of the net. The tension weights advantageously have a high density. They are z. B. made of steel. The tension weights continue to have a low air resistance. This allows a quick opening of the network.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Spanngewichte und das Netz im Projektil derart angeordnet, dass das Netz erst nach den Spanngewichten aus dem Projektil ausgestoƟen wird. Dazu kƶnnen die Spanngewichte zunƤchst durch das AusstoƟmittel vom Projektil gelƶst werden und in der Folge das Netz mit sich ziehen. Das Netz kann also unter Vermittlung der mit dem Netz verbundenen Spanngewichte aus dem Projektil ausgestoƟen werden. Das AusstoƟmittel kann den Spanngewichten und/oder dem Netz einen zusƤtzlichen Impuls Ć¼bertragen, welcher das AusstoƟen der Spanngewichte und/oder des Netzes aus dem Projektil und das Aufspannen des Netzes unterstĆ¼tzt. Auf den zusƤtzlichen Impuls kann auch verzichtet werden, falls das Projektil mit Drall, d. h. mit einer Rotation um seine LƤngsachse, abgefeuert worden ist. In diesem Fall genĆ¼gt es, wenn das AusstoƟmittel die Spanngewichte vom Projektil lƶst. Dazu kann das AusstoƟmittel beispielsweise eine Schneidvorrichtung umfassen, welche eine Halterung der Spanngewichte durchtrennt, eine Freigabevorrichtung mit z. B. Federn und/oder Haken umfassen, welche die Spanngewichte freigibt, und/oder eine Ɩffnungsvorrichtung umfassen, welche eine die Spanngewichte umgebende UmhĆ¼llung des Projektils ƶffnet. Das AusstoƟmittel kann weiterhin beispielsweise einen Schrittmotor zur BetƤtigung der genannten Vorrichtungen umfassen. Die vom Projektil gelƶsten Spanngewichte kƶnnen sich aufgrund ihrer Rotationsenergie daraufhin vom Projektil sowie voneinander entfernen und dadurch das Netz aufspannen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the tension weights and the network are arranged in the projectile such that the network is ejected from the projectile only after the tension weights. For this purpose, the tension weights can first be released from the projectile by the ejection means and subsequently pull the net with it. The network can therefore be ejected from the projectile through the intermediary of the tension weights connected to the network. The ejection means may transmit an additional impulse to the tensioning weights and / or the net, which assists the ejection of the tensioning weights and / or the net from the projectile and the tensioning of the net. On the additional impulse can also be dispensed with, if the projectile with twist, d. H. with a rotation about its longitudinal axis, has been fired. In this case it is sufficient if the ejection means releases the tension weights from the projectile. For this purpose, the ejection means may for example comprise a cutting device which cuts through a holder of the clamping weights, a release device with z. B. springs and / or hooks, which releases the clamping weights, and / or include an opening device which opens a surrounding the clamping weights envelope of the projectile. The ejection means may further comprise, for example, a stepping motor for actuating said devices. As a result of their rotational energy, the tension weights released by the projectile can then move away from the projectile as well as from each other, thereby expanding the net.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das AusstoƟmittel einen auf das Aktivierungssignal hin zĆ¼ndbaren Treibsatz. Vorzugsweise umfasst das AusstoƟmittel weiterhin einen ZĆ¼nder zum ZĆ¼nden des Treibsatzes. Der ZĆ¼nder empfƤngt das vom Aktiviermittel ausgegebene Aktivierungssignal und zĆ¼ndet daraufhin den Treibsatz. Der Treibsatz kann einen Impuls auf das Netz und/oder auf die Spanngewichte Ć¼bertragen, welcher das AusstoƟen der Spanngewichte und/oder des Netzes aus dem Projektil und das Aufspannen des Netzes unterstĆ¼tzt. Vorzugsweise sind die Spanngewichte um zumindest einen Teil des Treibsatzes herum angeordnet. ZusƤtzlich kƶnnen der Treibsatz, die Spanngewichte und das Netz dabei derart angeordnet sein, dass bei der ZĆ¼ndung des Treibsatzes zunƤchst die Spanngewichte aus dem Projektil ausgestoƟen werden und in der Folge das Netz mit sich ziehen. In dem im vorangehenden Abschnitt bereits erlƤuterten Fall einer Rotation des Projektils kann der Treibsatz aber auch lediglich dazu dienen, die Spanngewichte vom Projektil zu lƶsen. Dazu kann der Treibsatz eine Halterung der Spanngewichte und/oder eine die Spanngewichte umgebende UmhĆ¼llung des Projektils zerstƶren. Der Treibsatz kann alternativ dazu auch beispielsweise die Schneidvorrichtung betƤtigen, die eine Halterung der Spanngewichte durchtrennt. Die vom Projektil gelƶsten Spanngewichte kƶnnen sich aufgrund ihrer Rotationsenergie daraufhin vom Projektil sowie voneinander entfernen und dadurch das Netz aufspannen.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ejection means comprises an ignitable to the activation signal propellant. Preferably, the ejection means further comprises an igniter for igniting the propellant charge. The detonator receives the activation signal issued by the activator and then ignites the propellant. The propellant may transmit an impulse to the net and / or to the tensioning weights, which causes the ejection of the tensioning weights and / or of the network from the projectile and the harnessing of the network. Preferably, the tensioning weights are arranged around at least a part of the propellant charge. In addition, the propellant charge, the clamping weights and the network can be arranged such that when the ignition of the propellant charge initially the tension weights are ejected from the projectile and pull in the wake of the network with it. In the case of rotation of the projectile already explained in the preceding section, however, the propellant charge can only serve to release the tensioning weights from the projectile. For this purpose, the propellant can destroy a holder of the clamping weights and / or a surrounding the clamping weights enclosure of the projectile. The propellant may alternatively operate, for example, the cutting device which cuts through a holder of the clamping weights. As a result of their rotational energy, the tension weights released by the projectile can then move away from the projectile as well as from each other, thereby expanding the net.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Netz aus Aramidfasern, aus Kohlenstofffasern und/oder einem Gewebe aus Nanorƶhren gebildet. Die Nanorƶhren sind vorzugsweise Kohlenstoffnanorƶhren. Das so beschaffene Netz zeichnet sich durch ein geringes Gewicht bei einer hohen Festigkeit aus. Je nach GrĆ¶ĆŸe der abzufangenden Kleindrohne kann das Netz im aufgespannten Zustand einen Durchmesser zwischen 30 cm und 10 m aufweisen. Vorzugsweise betrƤgt der Durchmesser 1,5 bis 8 m. Besonders wird ein Netzdurchmesser von 3 bis 5 m bevorzugt. Die Maschenweite des Netzes ist so zu bemessen, dass der Luftwiderstand des Netzes gering ist, die Kleindrohne aber nicht durch das Netz durchschlĆ¼pfen kann. Die Maschenweite des Netzes betrƤgt vorzugsweise 1 bis 20 cm, bevorzugt wird eine Maschenweite von 4 bis 6 cm, besonders bevorzugt sind 5 cm Maschenweite.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the network of aramid fibers, carbon fibers and / or a fabric of nanotubes is formed. The nanotubes are preferably carbon nanotubes. The network thus created is characterized by a low weight with a high strength. Depending on the size of the small drone to be intercepted, the net can have a diameter of between 30 cm and 10 m when clamped. Preferably, the diameter is 1.5 to 8 m. In particular, a mesh diameter of 3 to 5 m is preferred. The mesh size of the net should be such that the air resistance of the net is low, but the small drone can not slip through the net. The mesh size of the mesh is preferably 1 to 20 cm, preferably a mesh size of 4 to 6 cm, more preferably 5 cm mesh size.

ErfindungsgemƤƟ umfasst das Projektil einen Kopfteil und einen Heckteil, wobei das Netz und die Spanngewichte im Kopfteil aufgenommen sind, und wobei der Heckteil in mehrere Abschnitte zerlegbar aufgebaut ist. Der Heckteil kann so ausgestaltet sein, dass er sich beim oder nach dem AusstoƟen des Netzes in mehrere Abschnitte zerlegt. Die Abschnitte kƶnnen mittels einer Haltevorrichtung befestigt sein. Die Haltevorrichtung kann z. B. als Seil ausgestaltet sein. Der Treibsatz und/oder ein weiterer Treibsatz kann das Zerlegen des Heckteils unterstĆ¼tzen. Dabei kƶnnen der Treibsatz und/oder der weitere Treibsatz die Haltevorrichtung zerstƶren. Der Treibsatz und/oder der weitere Treibsatz kƶnnen auch eine Schneidvorrichtung betƤtigen. Die Schneidvorrichtung zerschneidet daraufhin die Haltevorrichtung, die z. B. als Seil ausgestaltet ist. Durch das Zerlegen des Projektils in mehrere Teile kann die Wucht eines Aufpralls des Projektils vermindert werden. Somit kƶnnen KollateralschƤden weitgehend verhindert werden.According to the invention the projectile comprises a head part and a rear part, wherein the network and the tension weights are accommodated in the head part, and wherein the rear part is constructed such that it can be dismantled into several sections. The tail section may be configured to disassemble into multiple sections during or after ejection of the net. The sections can be fastened by means of a holding device. The holding device can, for. B. be designed as a rope. The propellant and / or another propellant may assist in disassembling the tail section. In this case, the propellant charge and / or the further propellant charge the Destroy holding device. The propellant and / or the further propellant may also operate a cutting device. The cutter then cuts the holding device, the z. B. is designed as a rope. Disassembling the projectile into multiple parts can reduce the impact of a projectile impact. Thus, collateral damage can be largely prevented.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Projektil aus einem Gewehr, einem Granatwerfer oder einer Druckluftwaffe als Abfeuervorrichtung abfeuerbar. Die Abfeuervorrichtung kann eine handgefĆ¼hrte Waffe oder eine z. B. mittels eines Dreibeins auf einem Untergrund abstellbare Waffe sein. Beim Gewehr, Granatwerfer bzw. bei der Druckluftwaffe kann es sich um herkƶmmliche Waffen zum Abfeuern von herkƶmmlicher Munition handeln. Das Projektil kann die ƤuƟere Form einer herkƶmmlichen Granate aufweisen. Das Gewehr, der Granatwerfer bzw. die Druckluftwaffe kann jedoch auch speziell fĆ¼r das Abfeuern von erfindungsgemƤƟen Projektilen konstruiert sein. Beispielsweise kann eine einen Gegenkolben aufweisende Druckluftwaffe so ausgestaltet sein, dass das Projektil als ein dem Gegenkolben zugeordneter Kolben im Wesentlichen rĆ¼ckstoƟfrei aus der Druckluftwaffe abgefeuert werden kann.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the projectile from a rifle, a grenade launcher or a pneumatic weapon as Abfeuervorrichtung is fired. The firing device can be a hand-held weapon or a z. B. be by means of a tripod on a surface storable weapon. The rifle, grenade launcher or compressed air weapon may be conventional weapons for firing conventional ammunition. The projectile may have the outer shape of a conventional grenade. However, the rifle, the grenade launcher or the compressed air weapon can also be specially designed for firing projectiles according to the invention. For example, a compressed air weapon having an opposing piston can be configured in such a way that the projectile, as a piston assigned to the counter piston, can be fired from the compressed air weapon essentially without any recoil.

Das Projektil weist vorteilhafterweise ein Kaliber von hƶchstens 100 mm auf. Besonders bevorzugt hat das Projektil Kaliber 40 mm, 60 mm oder 90 mm.The projectile advantageously has a caliber of at most 100 mm. Most preferably, the projectile caliber has 40mm, 60mm or 90mm.

Vorteilhafterweise hat das Projektil eine Masse von 50 g bis 5 kg. Bevorzugt werden Projektile mit einer Masse von 200 g bis 700 g.Advantageously, the projectile has a mass of 50 g to 5 kg. Preference is given to projectiles with a mass of 200 g to 700 g.

Die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit des Projektils aus der Abfeuervorrichtung betrƤgt vorteilhafterweise zwischen 50 m/s und 300 m/s. Vorzugsweise betrƤgt die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit etwa 100 m/s. Die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit kann mittels zweier im Lauf der Abfeuervorrichtung vorgesehener Spulen gemessen werden.The ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device is advantageously between 50 m / s and 300 m / s. Preferably, the ejection speed is about 100 m / s. The ejection speed can be measured by means of two coils provided in the course of the firing device.

Das Projektil ist vorteilhafterweise geeignet, Kleindrohnen in einer Entfernung von 30 m bis 500 m abzufangen. Vorzugsweise betrƤgt die Reichweite des Projektils 300 m.The projectile is advantageously suitable to intercept small drones at a distance of 30 m to 500 m. The range of the projectile is preferably 300 m.

Die erforderliche Zielgenauigkeit liegt vorteilhafterweise zwischen 2Ā° und 10Ā°. Vorzugsweise liegt die erforderliche Zielgenauigkeit bei 6Ā°.The required accuracy is advantageously between 2 Ā° and 10 Ā°. Preferably, the required accuracy is 6 Ā°.

Vorzugsweise wird das Netz unmittelbar vor dem Erreichen der Kleindrohne aufgespannt. Die Kleindrohne kann sogar erfolgreich abgefangen werden, wenn das Netz noch nicht vollstƤndig aufgespannt ist. Es kann selbst genĆ¼gen, wenn ein Spanngewicht die Kleindrohne trifft und flugunfƤhig macht.Preferably, the network is clamped immediately before reaching the small drone. The small drone can even be successfully intercepted when the net is not fully deployed. It can even be enough if a tension weight hits the small drone and makes it unable to fly.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist eine Leine mit einem ersten Ende am Netz und/oder an einem Spanngewicht befestigt, wobei ein zweites Ende der Leine auch nach dem Abfeuern des Projektils bei der Abfeuervorrichtung verbleibt. Die Kleindrohne kann nach einem Anbringen des Netzes an der Kleindrohne durch Einholen der Leine zur Abfeuervorrichtung gezogen werden. Dadurch kann ein AbstĆ¼rzen der mit dem Netz versehenen Kleindrohne verhindert werden. Somit kƶnnen KollateralschƤden weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden. Die mit dem Netz versehene Kleindrohne kann mittels der Leine in einen Container gezogen werden. Der Container ist vorzugsweise explosionssicher ausgestaltet. Die Kleindrohne kann im Container kontrolliert zerstƶrt werden. Weiterhin kann die Kleindrohne auf eine von ihr ausgehende GefƤhrdung untersucht werden. Gegebenenfalls kann die Kleindrohne entschƤrft werden. Weiterhin kƶnnen durch eine Untersuchung der Kleindrohne RĆ¼ckschlĆ¼sse auf die in ihr verwendete Technik sowie auf die fĆ¼r sie verantwortlichen Personen gezogen werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a leash is attached to the net and / or to a tension weight with a first end, wherein a second end of the leash remains after the firing of the projectile at the firing device. The small drone can be pulled by attaching the line to the firing device after attaching the net to the small drone. As a result, a crash of the provided with the net small drone can be prevented. Thus, collateral damage can be largely excluded. The networked small drone can be pulled by means of the leash into a container. The container is preferably designed explosion-proof. The small drone can be controlled destroyed in the container. Furthermore, the small drone can be examined for any danger posed by it. If necessary, the small drone can be defused. Furthermore, by examining the small drone, conclusions can be drawn about the technology used in it and about the persons responsible for it.

DarĆ¼ber hinaus kann ein Fallschirm am Netz und/oder an den Spanngewichten vorgesehen sein. Der Fallschirm ƶffnet sich vorzugsweise erst, nachdem das Netz die Kleindrohne flugunfƤhig gemacht hat. Durch Vorsehen des Fallschirms kƶnnen KollateralschƤden infolge eines heftigen Aufpralls der mit dem Netz umwickelten Kleindrohne auf den Boden verhindert werden.In addition, a parachute may be provided on the net and / or on the tensioning weights. The parachute preferably opens only after the net has made the small drone flightless. By providing the parachute, collateral damage due to a violent impact of the net drone wrapped around the net on the ground can be prevented.

Nachfolgend werden AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen nƤher erlƤutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen LƤngsschnitt durch ein erstes erfindungsgemƤƟes Projektil,
Fig. 2
eine Explosionsansicht eines zweiten erfindungsgemƤƟen Projektils und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Querschnitt durch ein drittes erfindungsgemƤƟes Projektil.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic longitudinal section through a first inventive projectile,
Fig. 2
an exploded view of a second projectile according to the invention and
Fig. 3
a schematic cross section through a third projectile according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen schematischen LƤngsschnitt durch ein erstes erfindungsgemƤƟes Projektil 1. Das Projektil 1 umfasst einen Kopfteil 2 und einen Heckteil 3. Der Kopfteil 2 wird durch eine HĆ¼lle 2a und eine Ringscheibe 2b begrenzt. Die HĆ¼lle 2a und/oder die Ringscheibe 2b sind beispielsweise aus PVC gebildet. Im Kopfteil 2 sind ein Netz 4, mit dem Netz 4 verbundene Spanngewichte 5, ein Treibsatz 6 sowie ein Abstandssensor 7 aufgenommen. Der Treibsatz 6 ist im Bereich einer Mittelachse des Projektils 1 angeordnet. Die Spanngewichte 5 umgeben den Treibsatz 6. Beispielsweise sind acht Spanngewichte 5 vorgesehen. Der Abstandssensor 7 ist z. B. als Laserentfernungsmesser ausgestaltet. Der Abstandssensor 7 umfasst eine Laserdiode zum Emittieren eines Laserpulses sowie eine Photodiode zum Empfangen des reflektierten Laserpulses. FĆ¼r Laserdiode und Photodiode ist jeweils eine mit einem Fenster 2c versehene Ausnehmung in der HĆ¼lle 2a vorgesehen. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Schnittansicht ist lediglich eines der beiden Fenster 2c erkennbar. Fig. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a first projectile according to the invention 1. The projectile 1 comprises a head part 2 and a rear part 3. The head part 2 is bounded by a sheath 2a and an annular disc 2b. The shell 2a and / or the annular disc 2b are formed, for example, of PVC. In the head part 2, a network 4, connected to the net 4 tension weights 5, a propellant 6 and a distance sensor 7 are added. The propellant charge 6 is arranged in the region of a central axis of the projectile 1. The tensioning weights 5 surround the propellant charge 6. For example, eight tensioning weights 5 are provided. The distance sensor 7 is z. B. designed as a laser rangefinder. The distance sensor 7 comprises a laser diode for emitting a laser pulse and a photodiode for receiving the reflected laser pulse. For laser diode and photodiode each provided with a window 2c recess in the shell 2a is provided. In the in Fig. 1 shown sectional view is only one of the two windows 2c recognizable.

Der Heckteil 3 setzt sich aus mehreren Abschnitten 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e zusammen. In einem dem Kopfteil nƤchstgelegenen Abschnitt 3a ist eine Elektronik 8 aufgenommen. Die Elektronik 8 ist mit dem Abstandssensor 7 Ć¼ber eine nicht dargestellte Datenleitung verbunden. Die Elektronik 8 dient der Auswertung der vom Abstandssensor 7 ermittelten Daten. Weiterhin ermƶglicht die Elektronik 8 die Berechnung und/oder die Speicherung eines Sollabstands, bei dessen Erreichen das Netz 4 aus dem Projektil 1 auszustoƟen ist. Die Elektronik 8 kann auƟerdem eine Zeitsteuerung und Mittel zur Berechnung und/oder Speicherung einer Zeitdauer umfassen, bei deren Ablauf das Netz 4 aus dem Projektil 1 auszustoƟen ist. Weiterhin kann die Elektronik 8 einen EmpfƤnger umfassen. Mit dem EmpfƤnger kann ein Befehlssignal empfangen werden, auf das hin das Netz 4 aus dem Projektil 1 auszustoƟen ist. Weiterhin kann der EmpfƤnger oder ein weiterer in der Elektronik 8 angeordneter EmpfƤnger dazu ausgelegt sein, beispielsweise von der Abfeuervorrichtung Ć¼bermittelte Daten empfangen. Die Ɯbermittlung kann beispielsweise auch Ć¼ber eine am Lauf der Abfeuervorrichtung angeordnete Sendespule erfolgen, wƤhrend das Projektil sich noch in der Abfeuervorrichtung befindet. Die Ć¼bermittelten Daten kƶnnen z. B. die Entfernung der abzufangenden Kleindrohne unmittelbar vor dem Abfeuern des Projektils aus der Abfeuervorrichtung, die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit des Projektils aus der Abfeuervorrichtung und/oder die vorgegebene Zeitdauer umfassen, die in der Abfeuervorrichtung berechnet worden ist.The rear part 3 is composed of several sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e. In an area adjacent to the head portion 3a an electronics 8 is added. The electronics 8 is connected to the distance sensor 7 via a data line, not shown. The electronics 8 is used to evaluate the data determined by the distance sensor 7. Furthermore, the electronics 8 allows the calculation and / or storage of a desired distance, at the time of reaching the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1. The electronics 8 may also include a timer and means for calculating and / or storing a period of time, at the end of which the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1. Furthermore, the electronics 8 may include a receiver. With the receiver, a command signal can be received, to which the network 4 is to be ejected from the projectile 1. Furthermore, the receiver or another receiver arranged in the electronics 8 can be designed to receive, for example, data transmitted by the firing device. The transmission can also take place, for example, via a transmitting coil arranged on the barrel of the firing device, while the projectile is still located in the firing device. The transmitted data can z. For example, the removal of the small drones to be intercepted immediately prior to firing the projectile from the firing device, the ejection speed of the projectile from the firing device, and / or the predetermined period of time computed in the firing device.

Der dem Kopfteil nƤchstgelegene Abschnitt 3a nimmt weiterhin im Bereich einer Mittelachse des Projektils 1 eine Schneidvorrichtung 9 auf. Die Schneidvorrichtung 9 ist mit einem Seil 10 verbunden, welches entlang der Mittelachse des Projektils 1 die weiteren Abschnitte 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e durchgreift und am dem Kopfteil 2 entferntesten Abschnitt 3e befestigt ist. Die weiteren Abschnitte 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e sind vorzugsweise in Leichtbauweise hergestellt. Sie kƶnnen beispielsweise in einer Honigwabenstruktur aufgebaut sein. Sie kƶnnen auch aus Schaumstoff bestehen. Der dem Kopfteil nƤchstgelegene Abschnitt 3a ist zum Schutz der Elektronik 8 vorzugsweise aus einem Vollmaterial hergestellt, z. B. aus PVC. Aufgrund der Spannung des Seils 10 liegen die einzelnen Abschnitte 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e fest aneinander an. Der Treibsatz 6 und die Schneidvorrichtung 9 sind derart ausgestaltet, dass bei einer ZĆ¼ndung des Treibsatzes 6 die Schneidvorrichtung 9 betƤtigt wird. Dabei zerschneidet die Schneidvorrichtung 9 das Seil 10. Dadurch verlieren die einzelnen Abschnitte 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e ihre Verbindung und fallen auseinander.The section 3a closest to the head part continues to receive a cutting device 9 in the region of a central axis of the projectile 1. The cutting device 9 is connected to a cable 10, which passes through the further sections 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e along the central axis of the projectile 1 and is secured to the head part 2 farthest section 3e. The further sections 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e are preferably made in lightweight construction. For example, they can be constructed in a honeycomb structure. They can also be made of foam. The head portion nearest portion 3a is preferably made of a solid material for the protection of the electronics 8, for. B. of PVC. Due to the tension of the rope 10, the individual sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e are firmly against each other. The propellant 6 and the cutting device 9 are configured such that upon ignition of the propellant charge 6, the cutting device 9 is actuated. In this case, the cutting device 9 cuts the rope 10. As a result, lose the individual sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e their connection and fall apart.

Das Projektil 1 wird vorteilhafterweise aus einer speziell in Hinblick auf das Projektil 1 konzipierten Druckluftwaffe abgefeuert. Die Druckluftwaffe umfasst ein Abschussrohr, in welches das Projektil 1 von vorne einzufĆ¼hren ist. Weiterhin umfasst die Druckluftwaffe einen auf das Projektil 1 abgestimmten Gegenkolben. Das Projektil 1 kann aus der Druckluftwaffe im Wesentlichen rĆ¼ckstoƟfrei abgefeuert werden. Zur Beschleunigung des Projektils 1 kann ein Druckspeicher mittels einer Stickstoffflasche aufgeladen werden. Durch magnetventilgesteuerte Ɯberstrƶmƶffnungen kann der erforderliche Wirkdruck auf das Projektil 1 geleitet werden. Die speziell konzipierte Druckluftwaffe ist nachladbar.The projectile 1 is advantageously fired from a specially designed with regard to the projectile 1 pneumatic weapon. The compressed air weapon includes a launch tube into which the projectile 1 is to be inserted from the front. Furthermore, the compressed air weapon has a matched to the projectile 1 opposed piston. The projectile 1 can be fired from the compressed air weapon essentially recoilless. To accelerate the projectile 1, a pressure accumulator can be charged by means of a nitrogen cylinder. Solenoid valve-controlled overflow openings allow the required differential pressure to be directed to the projectile 1. The specially designed compressed air weapon is reloadable.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Explosionsansicht eines zweiten erfindungsgemƤƟen Projektils 11. Das zweite erfindungsgemƤƟe Projektil 11 unterscheidet sich vom ersten erfindungsgemƤƟen Projektil 1 nur darin, dass dessen Heckteil 3 lediglich vier Abschnitte 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d umfasst. Die Explosionsansicht verdeutlicht den modularen Aufbau des Projektils 11. Mit dem AusstoƟen des Netzes 4 und der Spanngewichte 5 infolge der ZĆ¼ndung des Treibsatzes 6 zerfƤllt das Projektil 11 in mehrere Kleinteile. Die Kleinteile sind so klein und leicht, dass von ihnen nur eine geringe GefƤhrdung fĆ¼r Personen ausgeht. Weiterhin kann der Treibsatz 6 so ausgestaltet sein, dass bei dessen ZĆ¼ndung die HĆ¼lle 2a aufgesprengt wird. Fig. 2 1 shows an exploded view of a second projectile 11 according to the invention. The second projectile 11 according to the invention differs from the first projectile 1 according to the invention only in that its rear part 3 comprises only four sections 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. The exploded view illustrates the modular design of the projectile 11. With the ejection of the network 4 and the tension weights 5 due to the ignition of the propellant charge 6 the projectile 11 breaks down into several small parts. The small parts are so small and light that they pose only a small hazard to people. Furthermore, the propellant charge 6 can be designed such that when it is ignited, the casing 2a is blown open.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt durch ein drittes erfindungsgemƤƟes Projektil 21. Das Projektil 21 ist eine 40 mm-Patrone, die von einem herkƶmmlichen Granatwerfer abgefeuert werden kann. Das Projektil 21 nimmt ein Netz 4 aus Kohlenstofffasern auf. Das Netz 4 weist im aufgespannten Zustand einen Durchmesser von 5 m bei einer Maschenweite von 5 cm auf. Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross section through a third projectile according to the invention 21. The projectile 21 is a 40 mm cartridge that can be fired by a conventional grenade launcher. The projectile 21 removes a network 4 Carbon fibers on. The network 4 has in the clamped state a diameter of 5 m with a mesh size of 5 cm.

Das Projektil 21 umfasst vier Spanngewichte 5. Die Spanngewichte 5 sind aus Stahl oder mineralischem Bindemittel hergestellt und bilden jeweils innen mit einer Aussparung versehene Viertelkreissegmente. Die Aussparungen bilden zusammengenommen eine zylindrische Form, die einen Treibsatz 6 aufnimmt. Der ƤuƟere Umfang der Spanngewichte 5 bildet einen Teil einer UmhĆ¼llung des Projektils 21. Dabei kƶnnen die Spanngewichte 5 beispielsweise den in Flugrichtung gerichteten kuppelfƶrmigen Teil des Projektils 21 bilden. Die Spanngewichte 5 kƶnnen aber auch stattdessen von einer zusƤtzlichen UmhĆ¼llung umgeben sein. Auch das erste 1 und zweite erfindungsgemƤƟe Projektil 11 kƶnnen Spanngewichte 5 in der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Anordnung umfassen.The projectile 21 comprises four tension weights 5. The tension weights 5 are made of steel or mineral binder and each form inside with a recess provided quarter circle segments. The recesses taken together form a cylindrical shape which receives a propellant 6. The outer circumference of the tensioning weights 5 forms part of an enclosure of the projectile 21. In this case, the tensioning weights 5 can form, for example, the dome-shaped part of the projectile 21 directed in the direction of flight. However, the tension weights 5 can also be surrounded by an additional enclosure instead. Also, the first 1 and second projectile 11 according to the invention can tensioning weights 5 in the in Fig. 3 illustrated arrangement.

Im Folgenden wird die Funktion des Projektils 1, 11, 21 beschrieben:
Das Projektil 1, 11, 21 wird aus einer Abfeuervorrichtung, wie z. B. einem Gewehr, Granatwerfer oder einer Druckluftwaffe, auf eine ballistische Flugbahn zur abzufangenden Kleindrohne hin abgefeuert. Dabei wird die AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit des Projektils 1, 11, 21 aus der Abfeuervorrichtung mittels zweier im Lauf der Abfeuervorrichtung vorgesehener Spulen gemessen. Unmittelbar vor dem Abfeuern wird mittels eines fest mit der Abfeuervorrichtung verbundenen Laserentfernungsmessers auƟerdem die Entfernung der Kleindrohne bestimmt. Mit Hilfe der AusstoƟgeschwindigkeit und der Entfernung der Kleindrohne wird die Zeitdauer berechnet und mittels kontaktloser DatenĆ¼bertragung an den im Projektil 1, 11, 21 vorgesehenen EmpfƤnger Ć¼bermittelt.The following describes the function of the projectile 1, 11, 21:
The projectile 1, 11, 21 is from a firing device, such. As a rifle, grenade launcher or a compressed air weapon, fired on a ballistic trajectory to be intercepted small drone. In this case, the ejection speed of the projectile 1, 11, 21 is measured from the firing device by means of two coils provided in the course of the firing device. Immediately before firing, the removal of the small drone is also determined by means of a laser rangefinder fixedly connected to the firing device. With the help of the ejection speed and the removal of the small drone, the time period is calculated and transmitted by means of contactless data transmission to the receiver provided in the projectile 1, 11, 21.

Das Projektil 1, 11, 21 nƤhert sich auf einer ballistischen Flugbahn der Kleindrohne. Der Heckteil 3 des Projektils dient der Stabilisierung der Flugbahn. Bei Ablauf der Zeitdauer Ć¼bermittelt die durch die Elektronik 8 realisierte Zeitschaltung ein Aktivierungssignal an den Treibsatz 6. Der Treibsatz 6 zĆ¼ndet und beschleunigt die Spanngewichte 5 in Richtung der abzufangenden Kleindrohne. Die Spanngewichte 5 ziehen das an ihnen befestigte Netz 4 mit sich. AuƟerdem erfahren die Spanngewichte 5 durch den Treibsatz 6 eine Beschleunigung in eine radiale Richtung bezĆ¼glich des Projektils 1, 11, 21. Dadurch werden die Spanngewichte 5 voneinander entfernt. Dies fĆ¼hrt zu einem Aufspannen des Netzes 4. Vorzugsweise wird das Netz 4 unmittelbar vor dem Erreichen der Kleindrohne aufgespannt. Die abzufangende Kleindrohne stellt ein Hindernis dar, an dem das aufgespannte Netz 4 gestoppt wird. Die Spanngewichte 5 fliegen aufgrund ihrer TrƤgheit zunƤchst weiter. Durch die Straffung des Netzes 4 werden die Spanngewichte 5 jedoch auf einander zu bewegt und zurĆ¼ckgeschleudert. Dadurch wird die Kleindrohne vom Netz 4 umwickelt. Insbesondere wird der Antrieb der Kleindrohne durch das Netz 4 blockiert. Die Kleindrohne wird durch das Netz 4 flugunfƤhig und fƤllt eingewickelt in das Netz 4 zu Boden.The projectile 1, 11, 21 approaches on a ballistic trajectory of the small drone. The tail section 3 of the projectile is used to stabilize the trajectory. At the end of the period transmitted by the electronics 8 timing transmits an activation signal to the propellant 6. The propellant 6 ignites and accelerates the tension weights 5 in the direction of the small drone to be intercepted. The tension weights 5 pull the network 4 attached to them. In addition, the tension weights 5 undergo an acceleration in a radial direction with respect to the projectile 1, 11, 21 by the propellant charge 6. As a result, the tensioning weights 5 are removed from one another. This leads to a stretching of the network 4. Preferably, the network 4 is clamped immediately before reaching the small drone. The small drone to be intercepted an obstacle at which the clamped network 4 is stopped. The tension weights 5 continue to fly due to their inertia initially. By tightening the network 4, however, the tension weights 5 are moved towards each other and thrown back. As a result, the small drone is wrapped by the network 4. In particular, the drive of the small drone is blocked by the network 4. The small drone is unable to fly through the net 4 and falls wrapped in the net 4 to the ground.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 11, 211, 11, 21
Projektilprojectile
22
Kopfteilheadboard
2a2a
HĆ¼lleshell
2b2 B
Ringscheibewasher
2c2c
Fensterwindow
33
Heckteiltail section
3a,b,c,d,e3a, b, c, d, e
Abschnitte des HeckteilsSections of the tail section
44
Netznetwork
55
Spanngewichttension weight
66
Treibsatzpropellant
77
Abstandssensordistance sensor
88th
Elektronikelectronics
99
Schneidvorrichtungcutter
1010
Seilrope

Claims (10)

  1. Projectile (1, 11, 21) for intercepting a small drone, comprising an activation means, an ejection means and a net (4) which is stowed in the projectile (1, 11, 21), wherein the activation mean activates the ejection means by means of an activation signal with a delay after the firing of the projectile (1, 11, 21) from a firing device, with the result that the net (4) is therefore ejected from the projectile (1, 11, 21) in the direction of flight of the projectile (1, 11, 21) towards the small drone, characterized
    in that the projectile (1, 11, 21) comprises a head part (2) and a rear part (3), wherein the net (4) and the tension weights (5) are accommodated in the head part (2), and wherein the rear part (3) is constructed in such a way that it can be dismantled into a plurality of sections (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e).
  2. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to Claim 1,
    wherein the activation means comprises a distance sensor (7) which outputs the activation signal when a predefined and/or calculated reference distance from the small drone is reached.
  3. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to Claim 1 or 2,
    wherein the activation means comprises a time controller which outputs the actuation signal when a predefined and/or calculated time period expires.
  4. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the activation means comprises a receiver for receiving radio signals and/or optical signals, which outputs the activation signal when a predefined command signal is received.
  5. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein tension weights (5) for tensioning the net (4) after ejection from the projectile (1, 11, 21) are attached to the net (4).
  6. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to Claim 5,
    wherein the tension weights (5) and the net (4) are arranged in the projectile in such a way that the net is not ejected from the projectile until after the tension weights.
  7. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the ejection means comprise a propellant (6) which can be fired in response to the activation signal.
  8. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the net (4) is formed from aramid fibres, from carbon fibres and/or a lattice made of nanotubes.
  9. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the projectile (1, 11, 21) can be fired from a gun, grenade launcher or a pneumatic weapon as firing device.
  10. Projectile (1, 11, 21) according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein a line is attached by a first end to the net (4) and/or to a tension weight (5), wherein a second end of the line remains at the firing device even after the firing of the projectile (1, 11, 21).
EP16000556.7A 2015-03-17 2016-03-08 Projectile for intercepting a small drone Not-in-force EP3070429B1 (en)

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DE102015003324.7A DE102015003324A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2015-03-17 Projectile for catching a small drone

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EP3070429B1 true EP3070429B1 (en) 2018-09-26

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DE102016219457A1 (en) * 2016-10-07 2018-04-12 Mbda Deutschland Gmbh Method and system for the defense against threat missiles in the form of controllable unmanned small aircraft
CN106679507B (en) * 2017-01-23 2018-04-03 čŠœę¹–åšé«˜å…‰ē”µē§‘ęŠ€č‚”ä»½ęœ‰é™å…¬åø One kind is soft to injure ammunition
DE102017105565A1 (en) 2017-03-15 2018-09-20 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Ammunition and logistics concept for in particular artillery projectiles
DE102019103148A1 (en) * 2019-02-08 2020-08-13 Andreas Voss Device and method for defense against missiles

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DE3722420A1 (en) * 1987-07-07 1989-01-26 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Projectile for attacking a helicopter
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