EP3067184A1 - Machine et procédé de fabrication additive - Google Patents

Machine et procédé de fabrication additive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3067184A1
EP3067184A1 EP16158073.3A EP16158073A EP3067184A1 EP 3067184 A1 EP3067184 A1 EP 3067184A1 EP 16158073 A EP16158073 A EP 16158073A EP 3067184 A1 EP3067184 A1 EP 3067184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side wall
deposition
wall surface
deposition head
instructions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16158073.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3067184B1 (fr
Inventor
William VITTITOW
David Madeley
Timothy R. FITHIAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Industry Software Inc
Original Assignee
Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3067184A1 publication Critical patent/EP3067184A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/22—Driving means
    • B22F12/226—Driving means for rotary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/12—Formation of a green body by photopolymerisation, e.g. stereolithography [SLA] or digital light processing [DLP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • Additive manufacturing (also referred to as 3D printing) involves processes for the production of three-dimensional (3D) articles through the incremental depositing and bonding of materials. Additive manufacturing may benefit from improvements.
  • a method for additive manufacturing comprises generating instructions usable by a 3D printer to build an article that specify that a deposition head of the 3D printer deposits material in a plurality of successive layers to form a side wall surface of the article with the deposition head rotated at an angle determined based at least in part on an angular orientation of the side wall surface.
  • FIG. 1 an example system 100 that facilitates additive manufacturing is illustrated.
  • additive manufacturing processes include fused deposition modeling, fused filament fabrication, robocasting, electron beam freeform fabrication, direct metal laser sintering, electron-beam melting, selective laser melting, selective heat sintering, selective laser sintering, and stereolithography. Many of these processes involve depositing and melting/softening/bonding materials in selective locations layer by layer to build up the desired 3D article.
  • a non-exhaustive list of example materials that may be used in additive manufacturing includes metals, thermoplastics and ceramics.
  • the system 100 includes at least one processor 102 operatively configured to generate instructions 104 usable by a 3D printer to control the operation of the 3D-printer in order to build an article via at least additive manufacturing.
  • one or more data processing systems 108 may include the at least one processor 102.
  • an external data processing system may correspond to a workstation having various software components (e.g., programs, modules, applications) 110.
  • the software components 110 may be operatively configured to cause the at least one processor 102 to carry out the functions and acts described herein to build the instructions 104.
  • the instructions 104 may have a G-code format or other numerical control (NC) programming language format.
  • G-code formats include formats confirming to standards such as RS-274-D, ISO 6983, and DIN 66025.
  • Example embodiments described herein may involve a 3D printer having a deposition head 112 and a build plate 114.
  • the deposition head 112 may include an integrated heat source 116 such as a laser (or electrode) that is operative to melt/soften material 118 such as powdered metal (or metal wire) that is provided from the deposition head.
  • an integrated heat source 116 such as a laser (or electrode) that is operative to melt/soften material 118 such as powdered metal (or metal wire) that is provided from the deposition head.
  • the 3D printer 106 is operative to build an article 120 up from the build plate 114 via depositing layer on top of layer 122 of material 118 in a build direction 130.
  • the deposition head 112 in this example may be operative to simultaneously output and melt/soften a continuous flow of material that bonds to the build plate and/or previously applied layers that make up the article.
  • the material may correspond to metal (in a powder or wire form).
  • 3D printers operative to deposit other types of material such as thermoplastics may be adapted for use with the systems and processes described herein.
  • the 3D printer may be operative to move the deposition head horizontally (in X-Y directions) and vertically (in Z directions).
  • the type of 3D printer may also be operative to move the build plate (such as by rotating the build plate with respect to one or more different axes).
  • an example 3D printer may not just output material vertically downwardly (or perpendicular to the plane of the build plate), but may rotate the deposition head 112 relative to the Z axis in order to output material at an angle relative to vertical (or at an angle relative to perpendicular to the plane of the build plate).
  • the 3D printer may be operable to move the print head and/or the build plate relative to each other to deposit beads of material in patterns that build up the article or a portion of the article in layers outwardly from the build plate (such as in a build direction 130) or outwardly from a portion of the article (in a build direction that may or may not be perpendicular to the build plate 114).
  • the generated instructions 104 may specify that an article being built rotates (via rotating the build plate) so that a side wall of the article faces upwardly.
  • the generated instructions may specify that additional portions of the article are built upwardly from the side wall of the article in a build direction that is at an angle to the build plate (such as parallel to the build plate rather than perpendicular to the build plate).
  • layers deposited based on the instructions generated by the processor may be planar. However, it should be appreciated that layers may not be planar but may be curved or have other non-planar contours.
  • the 3D printer may include a controller 124 that is operatively configured to actuate the hardware components (e.g., motors, electrical circuits and other components) of the 3D printer in order to selectively move the deposition head and/or the build plate in order to deposit material in the various patterns describe herein.
  • a controller 124 that is operatively configured to actuate the hardware components (e.g., motors, electrical circuits and other components) of the 3D printer in order to selectively move the deposition head and/or the build plate in order to deposit material in the various patterns describe herein.
  • Such a controller 124 may include at least one processor that is operative responsive to software and/or firmware stored in the 3D printer to control the hardware components of the 3D printer (e.g., the deposition head and heat source). Such a controller may be operative to directly control the hardware of the 3D printer by reading and interpreting the generated instructions 104.
  • such instructions may be provided to or acquired by the controller over a network connection.
  • the controller 124 may include a wired or wireless network interface component operative to receive the instructions.
  • Such instructions 104 may come directly from the data processing system 108 over the network. However, in other examples, the instructions 104 may be saved by the data processing system on an intermediate storage location (such as a file server) which is accessible to the 3D printer.
  • the 3D printer may include an input device such as a card reader or a USB port that is operative to enable the controller to read the instructions stored on a portable medium such as a flash memory card or drive.
  • the 3D printer may be connected to the data processing system 108 via a USB cable and receive the instructions 104 and other communications from the data processing system through a USB connection.
  • the data processing system 108 may be a distributed system, in which one data processing system and/or software component generates first instructions in one type of format while a second data processing system and/or software component is operative to post-processes the first instructions into second instructions in a format such as G-code or other format that is compatible with the particular 3D printer used to generate the article.
  • the software 110 is operate to receive a 3D model 126 of the article and generate the instructions 104 based on the 3D model 126 of the article.
  • the software may include a CAM software component that facilitates the generation of the instructions 104 from a 3D model.
  • a 3D model for example may correspond to a CAD file in a format such as STEP or IGES.
  • the software components 110 may include a CAD/CAM/CAE software suite of applications such as NX that is available from Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. (Plano, Texas).
  • Such user provided parameters may include the build direction(s) to be associated with the article (or various portions of the article), the thickness and width of each bead of deposited material, the speed that the material is deposited, the patterns that the head travels relative to the build plate to deposit material to the article, as well any other parameters that define characteristics for the operation of a 3D printer.
  • a deposition head 112 is illustrated that is operative to output both depositing material 202 and heat energy 204 needed to melt/soften the material.
  • the heat energy 204 may correspond to laser light emitted by a laser mounted in the deposition head.
  • the material 202 provided by the deposition head may correspond to a flow of powdered metal that is directed (via the tip design of the deposition head) to flow and intersect with the laser light at the position where a deposited layer 118 of material is desired to be placed on the article 120.
  • the deposition head 112 may be operative to provide a surrounding jet 208 of inert shielding gas that minimizes oxidation of the material in the feed stream from the deposition head.
  • the deposition head may be operative to deposit a bead of material that ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 mm or larger in thickness (in the build direction) and ranges from 0.1 to 4 mm or larger in width.
  • a bead of material that ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 mm or larger in thickness (in the build direction) and ranges from 0.1 to 4 mm or larger in width.
  • different deposition heads and different additive processes may include other ranges of dimensions for the beads of material that are deposited to build up an article.
  • the deposition head includes a deposition axis 128 coincident with the laser light 204 and which is parallel to the overall direction that the powdered material 202 is outputted from the deposition head.
  • the powdered material 202 flows in a conical pattern towards an intersection position 206 with the laser light 204.
  • the axis of the conical pattern corresponds to the average or overall direction that powdered material is outputted from the deposition head, and corresponds to the deposition axis 128 described herein.
  • the longitudinal axis of the metal wire feeding from the deposition head corresponds to the deposition axis.
  • the direction the extruded material is outputted from the deposition head corresponds to the deposition axis.
  • material such as a metal powder
  • material outputted by the deposition head 112 (orientated vertically) near an edge of the overhanging side wall surface, may flow past the top edge 308 and fall to the build plate 114.
  • portions of laser light 310 from the deposition head 112 may melt/soften some of the powder flowing past the edge. Such melted/softened material could also become undesirably stuck to the side was surfaces of the article.
  • a software component such as a CAM software application (executing in a processor of a data processing system) may be configured to generate instructions that control the operation of a 3D printer, and in particular control the relative motions of the deposition head and/or build plate in order to deposit successive layers of material that form an article.
  • the overhanging side wall surface 304 is depicted as extending in a straight line from a position adjacent (i.e., directly below) the deposition head to the build plate.
  • the angular orientation 402 of the overhanging side wall surface may correspond to a constant angle 410 by which the straight overhanging side wall surface (vertically below the deposition head 112) tapers relative to a direction perpendicular to the build plate 114 (or other reference direction).
  • the overhanging side wall surface below the deposition head may not be straight, but may be curved, wavy, or have other contours that jut inwardly (and outwardly) from the top edge 308 of the article 120.
  • the described angular orientation of the overhanging side wall surface may correspond to an angle associated with at least one of the downwardly and inwardly directed wall surfaces and/or an angle that approximately depicts the overall downward and inward taper of the overhanging side wall surface below the top edge 308.
  • Such an approximation for the angular orientation of the overhanging side wall surface may for example correspond to an average of two or more angles of portions of the wall surface.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an example of the deposition axis being angularly orientated at a first angle 404 based at least in part on a first angular orientation 404 of the overhanging side wall surface 304.
  • the article may include a second (or more) overhanging side wall surface(s) 406 that are spaced apart from the first overhanging side wall surface 304, but are also in the same layer(s) 408 deposited by the deposition head.
  • the instructions for controlling the 3D printer may be generated (via the execution of a CAM software component by the processor) such that material deposited along the second overhanging side wall surface 406 of the article 120 is provided by the deposition head 112 having its deposition axis 128 angularly orientated at a second angle 504 based at least in part on a second angular orientation 502 at which the second overhanging side wall surface 406 extends relative to the build plate 114.
  • the first and second angles 404, 504 are different and are not parallel to each other.
  • the instructions for controlling the 3D-printer may be generated (e.g., via the execution of a CAM software component by the processor) such that material 506 deposited between the first and second overhanging side wall surfaces 304, 406, for the same layer that includes the first and second overhanging side wall surfaces, and in between the time periods when material is deposited at the first and second overhanging side wall surfaces, is provided by the deposition head while the deposition axis of the deposition head transitions from the first angle 404 to the second angle 504.
  • the layer By smoothly rotating the deposition head 112 while continuously depositing material between the overhanging side wall surfaces, the layer may be deposited more uniformly across the portions of the layer between the first and second overhanging side wall surfaces. Further a smooth angular transition between overhanging side wall surfaces may avoid cycling off/on the heat source and the output of material by the deposition head, which may reduce the amount of time necessary to build the article.
  • the instructions may be operative to cause the 3D printer to provide a smooth angular transition of the deposition head along wall surfaces in different layers (e.g., from a first layer to a second (or more) layer(s) that is/are outwardly of the first layer relative to the build plate).
  • Fig. 6 depicts a series of views 602-610 of an article 612 as layers are successively being added to build up the article over time.
  • the outer side wall 614 of the final article 612 in view 610 is generally convex with lower portion layers 616 (closer to the build plate) that correspond to an overhanging surface, with mid portion layers 618 that are generally perpendicular to the build plate and upper portion layers 620 that are not inclined but rather extend outwardly from the final upper edge 632.
  • the lower portion of the side wall 614 is steeply inclined.
  • the instructions generated to build the article 612 specify that the deposition axis has a corresponding steep angle 622 with respect to the build plate 114.
  • the instructions are generated based at least in part on a determined change in slope of the convexly shaped side wall 614 to incrementally change the angle of the deposition axis 128 of the deposition head 112 so as to be generally aligned with the geometry of the wall surface that is adjacent to the current layer being deposited along the current edge of the wall surface.
  • the angles 624 and 626 are sequentially less steep than the angle 622 in view 602.
  • the processor generating the instructions may interpolate corresponding angles to rotate the deposition axis 128 of the deposition head 112 based at least in part on the slope of the curve at various locations along the wall surface. Also, the instructions may direct the 3D printer to align the deposition axis with directions that are tangent to the portions of the wall surface adjacent to the current edge of the layer being deposited.
  • example embodiments may also be operative to continue to rotate the deposition head for layers having adjacent wall surfaces that are no longer inclined but rather extend outwardly from the corresponding edges 628, 632 where material is being deposited. Aligning the deposition axis in this manner may be operative to produce a relatively smoother wall surface in view 610 than would be achievable if the deposition axis had remained vertical when adding layers from views 602 to 610.
  • the processor 102 may be configured (e.g., via software) to the generate instructions that include deposition axis orientation data along with the particular data that specifies the path that a deposition head moves relative to a build plate.
  • deposition axis data may specify the particular angle to rotate the deposition head in the coordinate system associated with the 3D printer being controlled with the generated instructions.
  • the generated instructions may be in a G-code format or other format capable of being used by the 3D-printer to control how the 3D-printer builds an article.
  • the 3D printer may generate the instructions (having the deposition axis data that specifies angles to rotate the deposition head) by modifying received instructions for generating an article in which the angular orientation of the deposition axis is not specified.
  • non-transitory machine usable/readable or computer usable/readable mediums include: ROMs, EPROMs, magnetic tape, floppy disks, hard disk drives, SSDs, flash memory, CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray disks.
  • the computer-executable instructions may include a routine, a sub-routine, programs, applications, modules, libraries, a thread of execution, and/or the like. Still further, results of acts of the methodologies may be stored in a computer-readable medium, displayed on a display device, and/or the like.
  • the methodology includes the act of through operation of the controller responsive to the instructions, causing a deposition head to rotate based at least in part on the deposition axis orientation data so as to provide material adjacent to the side wall surface of an article while a deposition axis of the deposition head is angularly aligned or substantially angularly aligned with the angular orientation of the side wall surface.
  • the methodology may end.
  • Such acts may be carried out by at least one processor in the controller.
  • a processor for example may execute a software component operative to cause these acts to be carried out by a 3D printer.
  • peripherals connected to one or more buses may include communication controllers 912 (Ethernet controllers, WiFi controllers, Cellular controllers) operative to connect to a local area network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), a cellular network, and/or other wired or wireless networks 914 or communication equipment.
  • communication controllers 912 Ethernet controllers, WiFi controllers, Cellular controllers
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN Wide Area Network
  • cellular network a cellular network
  • Additional components connected to various busses may include one or more storage controllers 924.
  • a storage controller may be connected to one or more storage drives, devices, and/or any associated removable media 926, which can be any suitable machine usable or machine readable storage medium. Examples, include nonvolatile devices, volatile devices, read only devices, writable devices, ROMs, EPROMs, magnetic tape storage, floppy disk drives, hard disk drives, solid-state drives (SSDs), flash memory, optical disk drives (CDs, DVDs, Blu-ray), and other known optical, electrical, or magnetic storage devices drives and media.
  • a data processing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure may include an operating system, software, firmware, and/or other data 928 (that may be stored on a storage device 926).
  • Such an operation system may employ a command line interface (CLI) shell and/or a graphical user interface (GUI) shell.
  • CLI command line interface
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the GUI shell permits multiple display windows to be presented in the graphical user interface simultaneously, with each display window providing an interface to a different application or to a different instance of the same application.
  • a cursor or pointer in the graphical user interface may be manipulated by a user through the pointing device. The position of the cursor/pointer may be changed and/or an event, such as clicking a mouse button, may be generated to actuate a desired response.
  • Examples of operating systems that may be used in a data processing system may include Microsoft Windows, Linux, UNIX, iOS, and Android operating systems.
  • the communication controllers 912 may be connected to the network 914 (not a part of data processing system 900), which can be any public or private data processing system network or combination of networks, as known to those of skill in the art, including the Internet.
  • Data processing system 900 can communicate over the network 914 with one or more other data processing systems such as a server 930 (also not part of the data processing system 900).
  • a described data processing system may be implemented as part of a distributed system in which processors associated with several devices may be in communication by way of a network connection and may collectively perform tasks described as being performed by a single data processing system. It is to be understood that when referring to a data processing system, such a system may be implemented across several data processing systems organized in a disturbed system in communication with each other via a network.
  • data processing systems may be implemented as virtual machines in a virtual machine architecture or cloud environment.
  • the processor 902 and associated components may correspond to a virtual machine executing in a virtual machine environment of one or more servers.
  • virtual machine architectures include VMware ESCi, Microsoft Hyper-V, Xen, and KVM.
  • ком ⁇ онент and “system” are intended to encompass hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • a system or component may be a process, a process executing on a processor, or a processor.
  • a component or system may be localized on a single device or distributed across several devices.
  • processors described herein may correspond to one or more (or a combination) of a CPU, FPGA, ASIC, or any other integrated circuit (IC) or other type of circuit that is capable of processing data in a data processing system, which may have the form of a controller board, computer, server, mobile phone, and/or any other type of electronic device.
  • a data processing system which may have the form of a controller board, computer, server, mobile phone, and/or any other type of electronic device.
  • data processing system 900 may conform to any of the various current implementations and practices known in the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
EP16158073.3A 2015-03-10 2016-03-01 Machine et procédé de fabrication additive Active EP3067184B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/643,539 US10307957B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Apparatus and method for additive manufacturing

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EP3067184A1 true EP3067184A1 (fr) 2016-09-14
EP3067184B1 EP3067184B1 (fr) 2020-07-22

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EP (1) EP3067184B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105965884B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018074993A1 (fr) * 2016-10-17 2018-04-26 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, Lp Système de fusion hybride
US10041612B1 (en) 2017-03-15 2018-08-07 Arevo, Inc. Curvilinear duct fabricated with additive manufacturing
US10077854B1 (en) 2017-03-15 2018-09-18 Arevo, Inc. Duct fabricated with additive manufacturing
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