EP3065113B1 - Monitoring system - Google Patents

Monitoring system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3065113B1
EP3065113B1 EP15157870.5A EP15157870A EP3065113B1 EP 3065113 B1 EP3065113 B1 EP 3065113B1 EP 15157870 A EP15157870 A EP 15157870A EP 3065113 B1 EP3065113 B1 EP 3065113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
person
monitoring system
data
movement
motion detector
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Application number
EP15157870.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3065113A1 (en
Inventor
Nicholas Ord
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Gigaset Communications GmbH
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Gigaset Communications GmbH
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Priority to EP15157870.5A priority Critical patent/EP3065113B1/en
Publication of EP3065113A1 publication Critical patent/EP3065113A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G08B13/19613—Recognition of a predetermined image pattern or behaviour pattern indicating theft or intrusion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0407—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis
    • G08B21/0415—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis detecting absence of activity per se
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0407—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis
    • G08B21/0423—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis detecting deviation from an expected pattern of behaviour or schedule
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0407—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis
    • G08B21/043—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons based on behaviour analysis detecting an emergency event, e.g. a fall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being assigned to a predetermined geometric area of the apartment, the surveillance center continuously transmits data from the motion detector for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area, the transmitted data are checked in the surveillance center to determine whether they are within an expected data area and an emergency signal is generated by the surveillance center when the transmitted Data is outside the expected data range for more than a predetermined period of time.
  • a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being assigned to a predetermined geometric area of the apartment, the surveillance center continuously transmits data from the motion detector for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area, the transmitted data are checked in the surveillance center to determine whether they are within an expected data area and an
  • Cameras with which the entire apartment can be monitored have been proposed for such surveillance systems. With the help of cameras, it is not only possible to record where the person to be monitored is in the apartment, but also how they are behaving, for example which pose they are taking, i.e. whether they are standing, sitting or lying.
  • surveillance by camera represents an encroachment on privacy, which is not accepted by many people.
  • Many people in the bedroom, bathroom and toilet refuse to be monitored by camera.
  • motion detectors are used in practice that do not provide images, but merely indicate whether a person is moving in a certain area in the apartment. So far, however, no reliable evaluation methods for the movements of the person to be monitored detected by such motion detectors are known. It has so far been difficult to determine whether there is actually an emergency in which the monitored person needs help from a third party. It is also problematic with such motion detectors that - unlike video images - it cannot be determined which person it is. So if there are other people in the apartment, it cannot be clearly determined whether a recorded movement pattern is due to the person to be monitored or at least partially to another person.
  • a security system for motion detection in a room is known, the motion being measurable by means of at least one distance sensor and wherein in a microcontroller an actual distance value of the distance sensor can be compared with an actual distance value of the distance sensor and a distance measurement signal can be generated , with which at least one timer can be triggered and a system-internal sensor-side alarm signal can be output after a time interval.
  • Other surveillance systems for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment are from the WO 2013/179201 A1 and from the US 2013/0002434 A1 known.
  • the first object of the invention is to provide an evaluation option for movement data recorded by means of motion detectors, which enables a reliable detection of an emergency.
  • the first aspect of the invention thus lies in a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being a predetermined geometric area is assigned to the apartment, the surveillance center continuously transmits data from the motion detector for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area, the transmitted data are checked in the surveillance center to determine whether they are within an expected data area and the surveillance center generates an emergency signal If the transmitted data is outside the expected data area for longer than a predetermined period of time, characterized in that the expected data area by means of a previous monitoring of the pers on has been determined.
  • an electronic sensor is provided as the motion detector, which detects movements in its surroundings, the detection area, and can output a signal on the basis of a detected movement.
  • the motion detector can actively with electromagnetic waves, e.g. work in the HF range or as a Doppler radar, or with ultrasound.
  • the motion detector is designed as a passive infrared sensor. This means that the motion detector works passively on the basis of the infrared radiation from the surroundings, specifically the infrared radiation of the person to be monitored or other people who come into the detection range of the motion detector.
  • a passive infrared sensor also called PIR sensor (passive infrared) reacts in particular to changes in angle, that is, when a person walks past the sensor.
  • the movement detector provided in the apartment is preferably active continuously, that is 24 hours a day, in order to detect a movement of the person to be monitored.
  • Data for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area assigned to the motion detector is preferably sent regularly to the Monitoring center transmitted, for example at predetermined intervals or continuously. In the case of periodic or continuous data transmission to the monitoring center, the motion detector transmits a signal to the monitoring center even if no movement has been detected.
  • the data transmitted to the monitoring center then consist of the information “movement detected” or “no movement detected”.
  • this data can already be provided with a time stamp by the motion detector in the monitoring center, so that the information “motion detected” or “no motion detected” with a corresponding time or with a specific time a period of time defined can be linked.
  • the apartment it is possible for the apartment to be provided with a plurality of motion detectors, the geometric detection areas of the motion detectors preferably not overlapping one another and most preferably covering all geometric areas of the apartment in order to to be able to detect a movement of the person to be monitored in every area of the apartment.
  • all motion detectors in the apartment continuously transmit data for recording the person's stay in the apartment.
  • the function of the monitoring system can be increased by providing a plurality of motion detectors which are arranged in such a way that the detection areas of the motion detectors together cover the entire apartment.
  • the data received from the monitoring center are preferably combined in groups at previously determined time periods, for example movement data from an entire hour, from 15 minutes, 5 minutes or 1 minute. That way you can the data regarding the shares of the day with different activity levels are divided into classes and analyzed, for example as part of a cohort analysis.
  • the expected data area has been transmitted by means of a previous monitoring of the person.
  • Such a previous monitoring of the person is preferably carried out for at least one week, more preferably for at least two weeks, very particularly preferably for at least four weeks.
  • an upper and a lower limit for the movement activity of the person to be monitored can be specified for predetermined time windows, such as 15 minutes, for a movement detector, if several movement detectors are provided, but also for all movement detectors together and / or individually for each movement detector, when it falls below the emergency signal is generated.
  • a door sensor is provided with which the opening and closing of the apartment door is detected.
  • the motion detector from “zero” does not necessarily have to lead to an emergency signal.
  • This preferred embodiment of the invention can serve to avoid false alarms.
  • the second aspect of the invention which is combined with the first aspect of the invention, thus lies in a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment, a radio receiver , a radio transmitter carried by the person and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being assigned to a predetermined geometric area of the apartment, the radio transmitter emitting a radio signal for identifying the person when the person is detected by the motion detector, the radio signal being detected by the radio receiver and the surveillance center is given a date by the radio receiver for identifying the person and by the motion detector a date for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area.
  • the monitoring system not only has a motion detector for detecting movements of the person to be monitored, but also that the person to be monitored also carries a radio transmitter which transmits a radio signal to identify the person sends out.
  • a radio transmitter which transmits a radio signal to identify the person sends out.
  • an electronic sensor is provided as a motion detector according to the invention, which detects movements in its surroundings, the detection area, and can output a signal on the basis of a detected movement.
  • the motion detector can work actively with electromagnetic waves, eg in the HF range or as a Doppler radar, or with ultrasound.
  • the motion detector is designed as a passive infrared sensor. This means that the motion detector works passively on the basis of the infrared radiation from the surroundings, specifically the infrared radiation of the person to be monitored or other people who come into the detection range of the motion detector.
  • a passive infrared sensor also known as a PIR sensor (passive infrared), especially reacts to changes in angle, i.e. when a person passes the sensor.
  • the radio transmitter and the radio receiver work on the basis of Bluetooth, preferably on the basis of Bluetooth LE (Bluetooth Low Energy).
  • Bluetooth LE also known as Bluetooth Smart, is a radio technology that can be used to network devices at a distance of about 10 meters from each other. Compared to conventional Bluetooth technology, Bluetooth LE offers significantly lower power consumption with approximately the same radio range. This is particularly relevant with regard to the radio transmitter, since this is carried by the person to be monitored and must therefore have a battery supply.
  • the radio receiver can be a simple receiver that can only determine the presence of a radio signal emitted by the radio transmitter.
  • the radio receiver has an array of at least two antennas. In this way it is fundamentally possible not only to determine the presence of the radio transmitter in the reception area of the radio receiver, but also to locate the radio transmitter.
  • the antennas can preferably be switched, so that it can be clearly verified from which antenna a respective signal has been received.
  • the antennas have different directional characteristics.
  • the radio receiver can be provided independently of the motion detector. However, it is advantageous if the radio receiver is in the vicinity of the motion detector. It is particularly preferred that the radio receiver is integrated in the motion detector. In particular, motion detectors with integrated radio receivers can be provided in this way, so that only the installation of a motion detector is necessary, since this already has the radio receiver. There is no need to equip the apartment separately with a radio receiver.
  • the function of the monitoring system can be significantly increased by providing a plurality of motion detectors which are arranged such that the detection areas of the motion detectors together cover the entire apartment. In other words, this means that the entire apartment is "illuminated" by the motion detectors, so that there is no space in the apartment where movement of the person to be monitored could not be registered.
  • each motion detector has an integrated radio receiver.
  • the distance between adjacent motion detectors is selected and the range of the radio transmitter is set such that it is detected by exactly one radio receiver integrated in one motion detector. This reduces the system's susceptibility to errors in that that it can be regularly ensured in this way that in addition to the detection of a movement of the person to be monitored, a radio signal is also detected by the radio transmitter carried by the person to be identified, in order to uniquely identify the person.
  • the data received in the monitoring center can be used or processed in different ways.
  • the data received in the monitoring center for the identification of the person or for the predetermined geometric area are linked together with a date at the time of the detection of the person in the predetermined area to form a data record and this data record is determined statistically Comparing data on the person's expected location at that time.
  • These statistical data on the expected location of the person have preferably been generated in that the monitoring system has collected movement data for the person to be monitored for a certain time before it has started the actual monitoring task, so that typical daily routines and thus recorded are recorded typical movement patterns can be determined if there are deviations from the typical behavior of the person.
  • a further radio transmitter is provided which is equipped with a motion sensor and is attached to a household object together with the motion sensor.
  • the configuration of the invention in this way is particularly advantageous in that it can be used to detect, for example, whether a cabinet door has been moved, a tray has been picked up or a vessel has been moved. If the movement of one of these household items is associated with a typical activity to be performed by the person to be monitored, such as taking medication provided in a cabinet or on a tray, it can at least be determined in this way that the person opens the cabinet or has moved the tray so that - at least with a certain probability - it can also be assumed that the person has fulfilled their obligation to take the medication.
  • a date for identifying the household object and a date for the movement of the household object are transmitted to the monitoring center by the radio transmitter attached to the household object. It is preferably also provided that the data for identifying the household object or for moving the household object is transmitted to the monitoring center via a radio receiver integrated in a motion detector.
  • the data of the household object received in the monitoring center or on the movement of the household object are linked together with a date at the time the movement of the household object was recorded to form a data record, and this data record with statistically determined data on an expected one Movement of the household item can be compared at this time.
  • Monitoring is also possible in this way in that it can be used to check whether the person to be monitored has fulfilled his obligations for certain activities, such as taking medication or taking in liquid.
  • the motion sensor attached to the household object has an acceleration sensor and / or an inclination sensor.
  • An acceleration sensor also known as a G-sensor, is a sensor that measures its acceleration. This is preferably done by determining the inertial force acting on a test mass. It can thus be determined whether the acceleration sensor is experiencing a speed increase or a speed decrease, e.g. when picking up or setting down a tray or a container.
  • Fig. 1 is shown schematically a person 1 who is in her apartment 2 and is monitored there.
  • Four rooms are provided in the apartment, namely a living and dining room 3, a kitchen 4, a bathroom 5 and a bedroom 6.
  • Each of these rooms is equipped with an integrated sensor unit 7, each of which has a motion detector 8 into which a radio receiver 9 is integrated, as schematically Fig. 2 removable.
  • the apartment 2 is "illuminated” in such a way that a movement of the person 1 can be detected in the entire area of the apartment 2.
  • Passive infrared sensors are provided as motion detectors 8, which do not actively radiate into the room, but rather record changes in heat when the person 1 moves in the apartment 2.
  • the arrangement and range of the motion detectors 8 is selected such that there is no location in the apartment 2 in which a movement of the person 1 to be monitored could not be detected.
  • the person to be monitored 1 wears a radio transmitter 10 in the form of a beacon worn as a bracelet.
  • This radio transmitter 10 like the radio receivers 9 provided in the integrated sensor units 7, works on the basis of Bluetooth LE version 4.0.
  • the example described here thus relates to a solution that uses a beacon carried by the person to be monitored 1.
  • the invention can also be implemented without such a beacon, in particular when person 1 is alone in the apartment most of the time.
  • the person to be monitored 1 does not receive a visit for a few hours more than twice a week, their typical activity pattern is practically not influenced by the activities recorded by visitors.
  • the activities written on the basis of visitors are statistically higher than the top 90% of the activity data that are recorded for a person who essentially lives alone. In one In such a case, no identification of person 1 by means of radio transmitter 10 and radio receiver 9 is required.
  • the functioning of the monitoring system according to the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention described here is as follows: If the person to be monitored 1, who carries the radio transmitter 10 on his arm, moves within the apartment 2, he thereby activates a respective motion detector 8, which installed in the room in which person 1 is currently moving. In addition, the radio receiver 9 provided together with the motion detector 8 in the integrated sensor unit 7 of the respective room receives a radio signal from the radio transmitter 10 carried by the person 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows how the four sensor units 7 arranged in the different rooms, each having a motion detector 8 and an associated radio receiver 9, are connected to a monitoring center 11.
  • This connection is shown in the present case in a wired manner, but a connection of the sensor units 7 to the monitoring center 11 by radio can of course also be provided.
  • the individual motion detectors 8 can be used not only to detect in which area, in particular in which room, the the person to be monitored 1 has moved. In addition, it can also be ensured that the movement detected is actually a movement of the person 1 to be monitored, after all, along with the movement of the person 1, the radio signal emitted by the radio transmitter 10 is also the same as the one that is activated Motion detector 8 in the sensor unit 7 provided radio receiver 9 has been received.
  • movement patterns in the present case movement data recorded at regular intervals of 15 seconds, are processed in an evaluation unit 12 provided in the monitoring center 11 by using statistically expected ones previously determined Movements are compared.
  • a signal can be sent by a communication device 13 of the monitoring center 11, which can be received by a smartphone 14, for example, so that a warning display 15 can be displayed on the smartphone 14.
  • a caregiver can be informed that there is an emergency in the person 1 to be monitored in the apartment 2 or at least such a situation that requires the caregiver to check it.
  • the household object 16 is provided with a motion sensor 18 and with a further radio transmitter 19.
  • Fig. 4 a box plot for the movement data expected on the one hand by all motion detectors 8 in the apartment and on the other hand recorded on a normal day can be seen.
  • the box represents the area within which 50% of all values recorded in the past to prepare for the current surveillance lie.
  • the box thus represents the expected range of values.
  • An upper and a lower antenna indicate the ranges up to the maximum or minimum values recorded in the past.
  • the median of the values recorded in the past is given as a point within the box.
  • Fig. 4 also see what effects it has if activities of visitors of person 1 are recorded.
  • Fig. 5 the activity of person 1 is several times significantly outside during the day, namely below the boxes, which indicates a reduced activity. This could mean that the person to be monitored 1 lay down several times, which can indicate a disease state. In such a case, according to the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention described here, provision is made to generate a low-level emergency signal so that nursing staff can be informed, for example, that the person to be monitored 1 may not be doing well.
  • FIG. 7 removable, as with the help of activity patterns of mutually different motion detectors 8, namely a motion detector 8 in the dining room and a motion detector 8 in the living room, more can be detected than that the activity of the monitored person 1 is high or low.
  • the activities in the dining room stopped at noon, while the activities in the living room were abnormally high.
  • Such comparisons and analyzes can help to determine the level of the emergency signal to be emitted by inferring the probable situation in which the person 1 to be monitored is located in the apartment through the activity patterns detected.
  • a monitoring system of this type for monitoring the activities of a person 1 in an apartment 2, with which a reliable detection of an emergency and a clear assignment of a detected movement of a person to the person 1 to be monitored is made possible.
  • Evaluation device 12 Communication device 13
  • Smartphone 14 Warning indicator 15 Household item 16 drug 17th Motion sensor 18th Radio transmitter 19th

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person in einer Wohnung, mit einem in der Wohnung vorgesehenen Bewegungsmelder zum Erfassen einer Bewegung der Person in der Wohnung und einer Überwachungszentrale, wobei der geometrische Erfassungsbereich des Bewegungsmelders einem vorbestimmten geometrische Bereich der Wohnung zugeordnet ist, der Überwachungszentrale von dem Bewegungsmelder fortlaufend Daten zur Erfassung des Aufenthalts der Person in dem vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich übermittelt werden, in der Überwachungszentrale die übermittelten Daten dahingehend geprüft werden, ob sie innerhalb eines erwarteten Datenbereichs liegen und von der Überwachungszentrale ein Notfallsignal generiert wird, wenn die übermittelten Daten länger als eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer außerhalb des erwarteten Datenbereichs liegen. Ein derartiges System ist in der US 2010/182153 A1 beschrieben.The invention relates to a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being assigned to a predetermined geometric area of the apartment, the surveillance center continuously transmits data from the motion detector for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area, the transmitted data are checked in the surveillance center to determine whether they are within an expected data area and an emergency signal is generated by the surveillance center when the transmitted Data is outside the expected data range for more than a predetermined period of time. Such a system is in the US 2010/182153 A1 described.

Aus der Praxis ist es bekannt, die Aktivitäten insbesondere älterer Personen in ihrer Wohnung zu überwachen, um bei der Feststellung einer Abweichung von erwarteten Aktivitätsmustern eine Alarmierung auslösen zu können. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Aktivitäten einer Person im Tagesablauf in ihrer Wohnung als ein guter Indikator dafür dienen können, ob es der Person gut geht, also ob es um ihre Gesundheit gut bestellt ist, oder gesundheitliche Defizite festzustellen sind. Bei der Abweichung von erwarteten Verhaltensmustern kann präventiv eingegriffen werden, z.B. durch Pflegepersonal. Im Übrigen können auf diese Weise auch Notfälle erfasst werden, z.B. wenn die überwachte Person über eine längere Zeit hinweg keine Regungen mehr zeigt, z.B. weil sie regungslos auf dem Boden liegt.It is known from practice to monitor the activities of older people, in particular in their homes, in order to be able to trigger an alarm when a deviation from expected activity patterns is ascertained. It has been shown that a person's daily activities in their home can serve as a good indicator of whether the person is doing well, whether their health is good, or whether health deficits can be identified. If the expected behavior patterns deviate, preventive measures can be taken, e.g. by nursing staff. Otherwise, emergencies can also be recorded in this way, e.g. if the monitored person shows no movements for a long time, e.g. because it lies motionless on the floor.

Für derartige Überwachungssysteme sind Kameras vorgeschlagen worden, mit denen die gesamte Wohnung überwacht werden kann. Mit Hilfe von Kameras kann nicht nur erfasst werden, wo sich die zu überwachende Person in der Wohnung befindet, sondern auch, wie sie sich verhält, z.B. welche Pose sie einnimmt, also ob sie z.B. steht, sitzt oder liegt. Derartige Systeme werden von zu überwachenden Personen jedoch nur schlecht angenommen, da eine Überwachung per Kamera einen Eingriff in die Privatsphäre darstellt, die von vielen Personen nicht akzeptiert wird. Insbesondere in den Bereichen Schlafzimmer, Bad und Toilette lehnen viele Personen eine Überwachung per Kamera ab.Cameras with which the entire apartment can be monitored have been proposed for such surveillance systems. With the help of cameras, it is not only possible to record where the person to be monitored is in the apartment, but also how they are behaving, for example which pose they are taking, i.e. whether they are standing, sitting or lying. However, such systems are poorly accepted by people to be monitored, since surveillance by camera represents an encroachment on privacy, which is not accepted by many people. Especially in the areas Many people in the bedroom, bathroom and toilet refuse to be monitored by camera.

Um diesem Problem zu begegnen, werden in der Praxis Bewegungsmelder eingesetzt, die keine Bilder liefern, sondern lediglich angeben, ob sich eine Person in der Wohnung in einem bestimmten Bereich bewegt. Bisher sind jedoch keine verlässlichen Auswerteverfahren für die von derartigen Bewegungsmeldern erfassten Bewegungen der zu überwachenden Person bekannt. Ob tatsächlich ein Notfall vorliegt, bei dem die überwachte Person Hilfe durch einen Dritten bedarf, ist bisher nämlich nur schwierig feststellbar. Problematisch bei derartigen Bewegungsmeldern ist im Übrigen auch, dass - anders als bei Videobildern - nicht festgestellt werden kann, um welche Person es sich konkret handelt. Befinden sich also weitere Personen in der Wohnung, so kann nicht eindeutig festgestellt werden, ob ein erfasstes Bewegungsmuster auf die zu überwachende Person oder zumindest teilweise auf eine andere Person zurückgeht.In order to counter this problem, motion detectors are used in practice that do not provide images, but merely indicate whether a person is moving in a certain area in the apartment. So far, however, no reliable evaluation methods for the movements of the person to be monitored detected by such motion detectors are known. It has so far been difficult to determine whether there is actually an emergency in which the monitored person needs help from a third party. It is also problematic with such motion detectors that - unlike video images - it cannot be determined which person it is. So if there are other people in the apartment, it cannot be clearly determined whether a recorded movement pattern is due to the person to be monitored or at least partially to another person.

Aus der WO 2014/068480 A2 ist ein Sicherheitssystem zur Bewegungserkennung in einem Raum bekannt, wobei die Bewegung mittels mindestens eines Distanzsensors messbar ist und wobei in einem Mikrocontroller ein Distanz-Erst-Istwert des Distanzsensors mit einem Distanz-Zweit-Istwert des Distanzsensors abgleichbar ist und ein Distanzmessungs- Signal erzeugbar ist, mit dem mindestens ein Timer triggerbar ist und nach Ablauf eines Zeitintervalls ein systeminternes sensorseitiges Alarmsignal ausgebbar ist. Weitere Überwachungssysteme zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person in einer Wohnung sind aus der WO 2013/179201 A1 und aus der US 2013/0002434 A1 bekannt.From the WO 2014/068480 A2 A security system for motion detection in a room is known, the motion being measurable by means of at least one distance sensor and wherein in a microcontroller an actual distance value of the distance sensor can be compared with an actual distance value of the distance sensor and a distance measurement signal can be generated , with which at least one timer can be triggered and a system-internal sensor-side alarm signal can be output after a time interval. Other surveillance systems for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment are from the WO 2013/179201 A1 and from the US 2013/0002434 A1 known.

Ausgehend von dieser Problematik ist es die erste Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Auswertemöglichkeit für mittels Bewegungsmelder erfasste Bewegungsdaten anzugeben, die eine verlässliche Feststellung eines Notfalls ermöglicht.Based on this problem, the first object of the invention is to provide an evaluation option for movement data recorded by means of motion detectors, which enables a reliable detection of an emergency.

Außerdem ist es die zweite Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein derartiges Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person in einer Wohnung anzugeben, mit dem eine eindeutige Zuordnung einer erfassten Bewegung einer Person zu der zu überwachenden Person ermöglicht ist.In addition, it is the second object of the invention to provide such a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with which an unambiguous assignment of a detected movement of a person to the person to be monitored is made possible.

Die erste Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dazu beschrieben.The first object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. Preferred developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Der erste Aspekt der Erfindung liegt damit in einem Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person in einer Wohnung, mit einem in der Wohnung vorgesehenen Bewegungsmelder zum Erfassen einer Bewegung der Person in der Wohnung und einer Überwachungszentrale, wobei der geometrische Erfassungsbereich des Bewegungsmelders einem vorbestimmten geometrische Bereich der Wohnung zugeordnet ist, der Überwachungszentrale von dem Bewegungsmelder fortlaufend Daten zur Erfassung des Aufenthalts der Person in dem vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich übermittelt werden, in der Überwachungszentrale die übermittelten Daten dahingehend geprüft werden, ob sie innerhalb eines erwarteten Datenbereichs liegen und von der Überwachungszentrale ein Notfallsignal generiert wird, wenn die übermittelten Daten länger als eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer außerhalb des erwarteten Datenbereichs liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erwartete Datenbereich mittels einer vorhergegangenen Überwachung der Person ermittelt worden ist.The first aspect of the invention thus lies in a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being a predetermined geometric area is assigned to the apartment, the surveillance center continuously transmits data from the motion detector for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area, the transmitted data are checked in the surveillance center to determine whether they are within an expected data area and the surveillance center generates an emergency signal If the transmitted data is outside the expected data area for longer than a predetermined period of time, characterized in that the expected data area by means of a previous monitoring of the pers on has been determined.

Als Bewegungsmelder ist erfindungsgemäß ein elektronischer Sensor vorgesehen, der Bewegungen in seiner Umgebung, dem Erfassungsbereich, erkennt und auf der Grundlage einer erfassten Bewegung ein Signal ausgeben kann. Der Bewegungsmelder kann aktiv mit elektromagnetischen Wellen, z.B. im HF-Bereich oder als Dopplerradar, oder mit Ultraschall arbeiten. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist jedoch vorgesehen, dass der Bewegungsmelder als passiver Infrarotsensor ausgebildet ist. Das bedeutet, dass der Bewegungsmelder passiv anhand der Infrarotstrahlung der Umgebung, konkret der Infrarotstrahlung der zu überwachenden Person bzw. anderer Personen, die in den Erfassungsbereich des Bewegungsmelders kommen, arbeitet. Ein derart passiv arbeitender Infrarotsensor, auch PIR-Sensor (passive infrared) genannt, reagiert insbesondere auf Winkeländerungen, also wenn eine Person am Sensor vorbeigeht.According to the invention, an electronic sensor is provided as the motion detector, which detects movements in its surroundings, the detection area, and can output a signal on the basis of a detected movement. The motion detector can actively with electromagnetic waves, e.g. work in the HF range or as a Doppler radar, or with ultrasound. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the motion detector is designed as a passive infrared sensor. This means that the motion detector works passively on the basis of the infrared radiation from the surroundings, specifically the infrared radiation of the person to be monitored or other people who come into the detection range of the motion detector. Such a passive infrared sensor, also called PIR sensor (passive infrared), reacts in particular to changes in angle, that is, when a person walks past the sensor.

Vorzugsweise ist der in der Wohnung vorgesehene Bewegungsmelder durchgehend, also 24 Stunden am Tag, aktiv, um eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person zu erfassen. Daten zur Erfassung des Aufenthalts der Person in dem dem Bewegungsmelder zugeordneten vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich werden vorzugsweise regelmäßig an die Überwachungszentrale übertragen, z.B. in vorbestimmten Zeitabständen oder kontinuierlich. Bei einer periodischen bzw. kontinuierlichen Datenübertragung an die Überwachungszentrale wird insofern von dem Bewegungsmelder auch dann ein Signal an die Überwachungszentrale übertragen, wenn keine Bewegung erfasst worden ist. Die an die Überwachungszentrale übertragenen Daten bestehen dann in der Information "Bewegung erfasst" bzw. "keine Bewegung erfasst". Diese Daten können gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung bereits von dem Bewegungsmelder aber auch erst in der Überwachungszentrale mit einem Zeitstempel versehen werden, so dass die Informationen "Bewegung erfasst" bzw. "keine Bewegung erfasst" mit einem entsprechenden Zeitpunkt bzw. mit einer bestimmten durch einen Zeitpunkt definierten Zeitdauer verknüpft werden können.The movement detector provided in the apartment is preferably active continuously, that is 24 hours a day, in order to detect a movement of the person to be monitored. Data for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area assigned to the motion detector is preferably sent regularly to the Monitoring center transmitted, for example at predetermined intervals or continuously. In the case of periodic or continuous data transmission to the monitoring center, the motion detector transmits a signal to the monitoring center even if no movement has been detected. The data transmitted to the monitoring center then consist of the information “movement detected” or “no movement detected”. According to a preferred development of the invention, this data can already be provided with a time stamp by the motion detector in the monitoring center, so that the information “motion detected” or “no motion detected” with a corresponding time or with a specific time a period of time defined can be linked.

Wie weiter unten im Detail dargestellt, ist es gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung möglich, dass die Wohnung mit einer Mehrzahl von Bewegungsmeldern versehen ist, wobei die geometrischen Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder vorzugsweise einander nicht überlappen und ganz besonders bevorzugt alle geometrischen Bereiche der Wohnung abdecken, um eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person in jedem Bereich der Wohnung detektieren zu können. In einem derartigen Fall werden vorzugsweise von allen Bewegungsmeldern in der Wohnung fortlaufend Daten zur Erfassung des Aufenthalts der Person in der Wohnung übermittelt.As shown in more detail below, according to a preferred development of the invention, it is possible for the apartment to be provided with a plurality of motion detectors, the geometric detection areas of the motion detectors preferably not overlapping one another and most preferably covering all geometric areas of the apartment in order to to be able to detect a movement of the person to be monitored in every area of the apartment. In such a case, preferably all motion detectors in the apartment continuously transmit data for recording the person's stay in the apartment.

Es gilt also, dass die Funktion des Überwachungssystems dadurch erhöht werden kann, dass eine Mehrzahl von Bewegungsmeldern vorgesehen wird, die derart angeordnet sind, dass die Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder zusammen die gesamte Wohnung abdecken. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet dies, dass die gesamte Wohnung durch die Bewegungsmelder "ausgeleuchtet" ist, so dass kein Platz in der Wohnung existiert, an dem eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person nicht registriert werden könnte. Vorzugsweise ist darüber hinaus vorgesehen, Überlappbereiche der jeweiligen Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder miteinander so gering wie möglich zu halten.It is therefore true that the function of the monitoring system can be increased by providing a plurality of motion detectors which are arranged in such a way that the detection areas of the motion detectors together cover the entire apartment. In other words, this means that the entire apartment is "illuminated" by the motion detectors, so that there is no space in the apartment where movement of the person to be monitored could not be registered. In addition, provision is preferably made to keep overlap areas of the respective detection areas of the motion detectors with one another as small as possible.

Die von der Überwachungszentrale empfangenen Daten werden vorzugsweise in Gruppen zu zuvor bestimmten Zeitdauern zusammengefasst, z.B. Bewegungsdaten aus einer gesamten Stunden, aus 15 Minuten, 5 Minuten oder 1 Minute. Auf diese Weise können die Daten hinsichtlich der Anteile des Tages mit verschiedenen Aktivitätsstufen in Klassen aufgeteilt und analysiert werden, z.B. im Rahmen einer Kohortenanalyse.The data received from the monitoring center are preferably combined in groups at previously determined time periods, for example movement data from an entire hour, from 15 minutes, 5 minutes or 1 minute. That way you can the data regarding the shares of the day with different activity levels are divided into classes and analyzed, for example as part of a cohort analysis.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der erwartete Datenbereich mittels einer vorhergegangenen Überwachung der Person übermittelt worden. Das bedeutet, dass der erwartete Datenbereich, bei dessen Verlassen über eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer hinweg ein Notsignal generiert wird, dadurch ermittelt worden ist, dass die Bewegungen der zu überwachenden Person erfasst worden sind. Vorzugsweise erfolgt eine derartige vorhergegangene Überwachung der Person für wenigstens eine Woche, weiter bevorzugt für wenigstens zwei Wochen, ganz besonders bevorzugt für wenigstens vier Wochen. Auf diese Weise können für vorbestimmte Zeitfenster, wie 15 Minuten, für einen Bewegungsmelder, beim Vorsehen mehrerer Bewegungsmelder aber auch für alle Bewegungsmelder zusammen oder/und für jeden Bewegungsmelder einzeln, eine obere und eine untere Grenze für die Bewegungsaktivität der zu überwachenden Person festgelegt werden, bei deren Unterschreiten das Notfallsignal generiert wird.According to the invention, the expected data area has been transmitted by means of a previous monitoring of the person. This means that the expected data area, upon leaving an emergency signal over a predetermined period of time, has been determined by recording the movements of the person to be monitored. Such a previous monitoring of the person is preferably carried out for at least one week, more preferably for at least two weeks, very particularly preferably for at least four weeks. In this way, an upper and a lower limit for the movement activity of the person to be monitored can be specified for predetermined time windows, such as 15 minutes, for a movement detector, if several movement detectors are provided, but also for all movement detectors together and / or individually for each movement detector, when it falls below the emergency signal is generated.

Weiterhin ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Türsensor vorgesehen, mit dem das Öffnen und Schließen der Wohnungstür erfasst wird. Auf diese Weise kann erfasst werden, wenn die zu überwachende Person die Wohnung verlässt, so dass eine von dem Bewegungsmelder erfasste Aktivität der Person in der Wohnung von "Null" nicht zwingend zu einem Notfallsignal führen muss. Vielmehr kann aufgrund der Abfolge von "Bewegungen in der Wohnung detektiert", "Wohnungstüre geöffnet", "Wohnungstüre geschlossen" und "keine Bewegungsaktivitäten in der Wohnung mehr" darauf geschlossen werden, dass die zu überwachende Person die Wohnung verlassen hat. Entsprechend kann auch wieder erfasst werden, wenn die zu überwachende Person in die Wohnung zurückgekehrt ist. Diese bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann dazu dienen, Fehlalarme zu vermeiden.Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a door sensor is provided with which the opening and closing of the apartment door is detected. In this way it can be detected when the person to be monitored leaves the apartment, so that an activity of the person in the apartment detected by the motion detector from “zero” does not necessarily have to lead to an emergency signal. Rather, based on the sequence of "movements in the apartment", "apartment door open", "apartment door closed" and "no more movement activities in the apartment", it can be concluded that the person to be monitored has left the apartment. Accordingly, it can also be recorded when the person to be monitored has returned to the apartment. This preferred embodiment of the invention can serve to avoid false alarms.

Die zweite Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch den Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 3 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dazu beschrieben.The second object of the invention is solved by the subject matter of claim 3. Preferred developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Der zweite Aspekt der Erfindung, der mit dem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung kombiniert ist, liegt damit in einem Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person in einer Wohnung, mit einem in der Wohnung vorgesehenen Bewegungsmelder zum Erfassen einer Bewegung der Person in der Wohnung, einem Funkempfänger, einem von der Person getragenen Funksender und einer Überwachungszentrale, wobei der geometrische Erfassungsbereich des Bewegungsmelders einem vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich der Wohnung zugeordnet ist, der Funksender bei der Erfassung der Person durch den Bewegungsmelder ein Funksignal zur Identifizierung der Person aussendet, das Funksignal von dem Funkempfänger erfasst wird und der Überwachungszentrale von dem Funkempfänger ein Datum zur Identifizierung der Person und von dem Bewegungsmelder ein Datum zur Erfassung des Aufenthalts der Person in dem vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich übermittelt wird.The second aspect of the invention, which is combined with the first aspect of the invention, thus lies in a monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person in an apartment, with a motion detector provided in the apartment for detecting movement of the person in the apartment, a radio receiver , a radio transmitter carried by the person and a monitoring center, the geometric detection area of the motion detector being assigned to a predetermined geometric area of the apartment, the radio transmitter emitting a radio signal for identifying the person when the person is detected by the motion detector, the radio signal being detected by the radio receiver and the surveillance center is given a date by the radio receiver for identifying the person and by the motion detector a date for detecting the stay of the person in the predetermined geometric area.

Es ist damit ein maßgeblicher Aspekt des zweiten Aspekts der Erfindung, dass das Überwachungssystem nicht nur einen Bewegungsmelder zum Erfassen von Bewegungen der zu überwachenden Person aufweist, sondern darüber hinaus von der zu überwachenden Person auch ein Funksender getragen wird, der ein Funksignal zur Identifizierung der Person aussendet. Damit wird es ermöglicht, dass die Erfassung einer anderen Person, wie von einem Pflegepersonal, nicht als Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person gewertet wird. Auf diese Weise kann ein Bewegungsmuster der zu überwachenden Person aufgezeichnet werden, das in eindeutiger und sicherer Weise tatsächlich auf die zu überwachende Person zurückgehtIt is therefore an important aspect of the second aspect of the invention that the monitoring system not only has a motion detector for detecting movements of the person to be monitored, but also that the person to be monitored also carries a radio transmitter which transmits a radio signal to identify the person sends out. This makes it possible that the detection of another person, such as by a nursing staff, is not evaluated as a movement of the person to be monitored. In this way, a movement pattern of the person to be monitored can be recorded that actually goes back to the person to be monitored in a clear and reliable manner

Wie oben schon ausgeführt, ist als Bewegungsmelder erfindungsgemäß ein elektronischer Sensor vorgesehen, der Bewegungen in seiner Umgebung, dem Erfassungsbereich, erkennt und auf der Grundlage einer erfassten Bewegung ein Signal ausgeben kann. Der Bewegungsmelder kann aktiv mit elektromagnetischen Wellen, z.B. im HF-Bereich oder als Dopplerradar, oder mit Ultraschall arbeiten. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist jedoch vorgesehen, dass der Bewegungsmelder als passiver Infrarotsensor ausgebildet ist. Das bedeutet, dass der Bewegungsmelder passiv anhand der Infrarotstrahlung der Umgebung, konkret der Infrarotstrahlung der zu überwachenden Person bzw. anderer Personen, die in den Erfassungsbereich des Bewegungsmelders kommen, arbeitet. Ein derart passiv arbeitender Infrarotsensor, auch PIR-Sensor (passive infrared) genannt, reagiert insbesondere auf Winkeländerungen, also wenn eine Person am Sensor vorbeigeht.As already explained above, an electronic sensor is provided as a motion detector according to the invention, which detects movements in its surroundings, the detection area, and can output a signal on the basis of a detected movement. The motion detector can work actively with electromagnetic waves, eg in the HF range or as a Doppler radar, or with ultrasound. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, it is provided that the motion detector is designed as a passive infrared sensor. This means that the motion detector works passively on the basis of the infrared radiation from the surroundings, specifically the infrared radiation of the person to be monitored or other people who come into the detection range of the motion detector. Such a passive infrared sensor, also known as a PIR sensor (passive infrared), especially reacts to changes in angle, i.e. when a person passes the sensor.

Auch für den Funksender und den Funkempfänger ist der Einsatz unterschiedlicher Funktechniken möglich. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung arbeiten der Funksender und der Funkempfänger jedoch auf der Basis von Bluetooth, vorzugsweise auf der Basis von Bluetooth LE (Bluetooth Low Energy). Bluetooth LE, auch als Bluetooth Smart bezeichnet, ist eine Funktechnik, mit der sich Geräte funktechnisch in einem Abstand von einander von etwa maximal 10 Meter vernetzen lassen. Im Vergleich mit herkömmlicher Bluetooth-Technik bietet Bluetooth LE einen deutlich geringeren Stromverbrauch bei etwa gleicher Funkreichweite. Dies ist insbesondere hinsichtlich des Funksenders relevant, da dieser von der zu überwachenden Person getragen wird und damit eine Batterieversorgung aufweisen muss.Different radio technologies can also be used for the radio transmitter and the radio receiver. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, the radio transmitter and the radio receiver work on the basis of Bluetooth, preferably on the basis of Bluetooth LE (Bluetooth Low Energy). Bluetooth LE, also known as Bluetooth Smart, is a radio technology that can be used to network devices at a distance of about 10 meters from each other. Compared to conventional Bluetooth technology, Bluetooth LE offers significantly lower power consumption with approximately the same radio range. This is particularly relevant with regard to the radio transmitter, since this is carried by the person to be monitored and must therefore have a battery supply.

Grundsätzlich kann der Funkempfänger ein einfacher Empfänger sein, der lediglich die Anwesenheit eines von dem Funksender ausgesandten Funksignals feststellen kann. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist der Funkempfänger jedoch ein Array aus wenigstens zwei Antennen auf. Auf diese Weise ist es grundsätzlich möglich, nicht nur die Anwesenheit des Funksenders im Empfangsbereich des Funkempfängers festzustellen, sondern darüber hinaus auch eine Ortung des Funksenders durchzuführen. Vorzugsweise sind die Antennen dazu schaltbar, so dass eindeutig verifizierbar ist, von welcher Antenne ein jeweiliges Signal empfangen worden ist. Darüber hinaus ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Antennen voneinander verschiedene Richtcharakteristiken aufweisen.Basically, the radio receiver can be a simple receiver that can only determine the presence of a radio signal emitted by the radio transmitter. According to a preferred development of the invention, however, the radio receiver has an array of at least two antennas. In this way it is fundamentally possible not only to determine the presence of the radio transmitter in the reception area of the radio receiver, but also to locate the radio transmitter. For this purpose, the antennas can preferably be switched, so that it can be clearly verified from which antenna a respective signal has been received. In addition, according to a preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the antennas have different directional characteristics.

Grundsätzlich kann der Funkempfänger unabhängig von dem Bewegungsmelder vorgesehen sein. Es ist jedoch vorteilhaft, wenn sich der Funkempfänger in der Nähe des Bewegungsmelders befindet. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist insofern vorgesehen, dass der Funkempfänger in den Bewegungsmelder integriert ist. Insbesondere können auf diese Weise Bewegungsmelder mit integrierten Funkempfängern bereitgestellt werden, so dass nur die Installation eines Bewegungsmelders erforderlich ist, da dieser den Funkempfänger bereits aufweist. Das separate Ausstatten der Wohnung mit einem Funkempfänger erübrigt sich damit.In principle, the radio receiver can be provided independently of the motion detector. However, it is advantageous if the radio receiver is in the vicinity of the motion detector. It is particularly preferred that the radio receiver is integrated in the motion detector. In particular, motion detectors with integrated radio receivers can be provided in this way, so that only the installation of a motion detector is necessary, since this already has the radio receiver. There is no need to equip the apartment separately with a radio receiver.

Im Prinzip ist es, abhängig von der Geometrie der Wohnung, möglich, mit lediglich einem Bewegungsmelder zu arbeiten. In der Regel kann die Funktion des Überwachungssystems jedoch deutlich dadurch erhöht werden, dass eine Mehrzahl von Bewegungsmeldern vorgesehen wird, die derart angeordnet sind, dass die Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder zusammen die gesamte Wohnung abdecken. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet dies, dass die gesamte Wohnung durch die Bewegungsmelder "ausgeleuchtet" ist, so dass kein Platz in der Wohnung existiert, an dem eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person nicht registriert werden könnte.In principle, depending on the geometry of the apartment, it is possible to work with just one motion detector. As a rule, however, the function of the monitoring system can be significantly increased by providing a plurality of motion detectors which are arranged such that the detection areas of the motion detectors together cover the entire apartment. In other words, this means that the entire apartment is "illuminated" by the motion detectors, so that there is no space in the apartment where movement of the person to be monitored could not be registered.

Vorzugsweise ist darüber hinaus vorgesehen, Überlappbereiche der jeweiligen Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder miteinander so gering wie möglich zu halten. Im Optimalfall, in dem sich die Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder überhaupt nicht überlappen, ist es somit möglich, eindeutig festzustellen, in welchem vorbestimmten Bereich der Wohnung die Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person erfasst worden ist.In addition, provision is preferably made to keep overlap areas of the respective detection areas of the motion detectors with one another as small as possible. In the optimal case, in which the detection areas of the motion detectors do not overlap at all, it is thus possible to clearly determine in which predetermined area of the apartment the movement of the person to be monitored has been detected.

Durch die kontinuierliche bzw. jedenfalls fortgesetzte Erfassung von Bewegungen durch die Bewegungsmelder ist es jedoch auch in einem derartigen Fall, in dem sich die Erfassungsbereiche der Bewegungsmelder miteinander überlappen, möglich, ein Bewegungsmuster für die zu überwachende Person anzugeben. Selbst wenn von zwei verschiedenen Bewegungsmeldern gleichzeitig eine Bewegung der Person erfasst wird, wird es bei einem Wechsel der Person von einem Zimmer in ein anderes Zimmer in der Regel so sein, dass kurze Zeit später eine Bewegung der Person nur noch von einem Bewegungsmelder erfasst wird, so dass damit eindeutig festgestellt werden kann, dass sich die Person von dem einen Zimmer in das andere Zimmer bewegt hat. Im Übrigen ist es auch beim Vorsehen einer Mehrzahl von Bewegungsmeldern bevorzugt, dass jeder Bewegungsmelder einen integrierten Funkempfänger aufweist.Through the continuous or at least continued detection of movements by the motion detectors, however, it is also possible in such a case in which the detection areas of the motion detectors overlap with one another to specify a movement pattern for the person to be monitored. Even if a movement of the person is detected by two different motion detectors at the same time, when the person changes from one room to another room it will generally be the case that a short time later a movement of the person is only detected by one movement detector, so that it can be clearly established that the person has moved from one room to the other room. In addition, when a plurality of motion detectors are provided, it is preferred that each motion detector has an integrated radio receiver.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es beim Vorsehen einer Mehrzahl von Bewegungsmeldern im Übrigen so, dass der Abstand zueinander benachbarter Bewegungsmelder derart gewählt und die Reichweite des Funksenders derart eingestellt ist, dass dieser jeweils von genau einem in einen Bewegungsmelder integrierten Funkempfänger erfasst wird. Dies verringert die Fehleranfälligkeit des Systems insofern, als dass auf diese Weise regelmäßig sichergestellt werden kann, dass neben der Erfassung einer Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person auch ein Funksignal von dem von ihr getragenen Funksender erfasst wird, um die Person eindeutig zu identifizieren.According to a preferred development of the invention, when a plurality of motion detectors are provided, the distance between adjacent motion detectors is selected and the range of the radio transmitter is set such that it is detected by exactly one radio receiver integrated in one motion detector. This reduces the system's susceptibility to errors in that that it can be regularly ensured in this way that in addition to the detection of a movement of the person to be monitored, a radio signal is also detected by the radio transmitter carried by the person to be identified, in order to uniquely identify the person.

Die in der Überwachungszentrale empfangenen Daten können auf unterschiedliche Weise genutzt bzw. weiterverarbeitet werden. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden die in der Überwachungszentrale empfangenen Daten zur Identifizierung der Person bzw. zu dem vorbestimmten geometrischen Bereich zusammen mit einem Datum zu dem Zeitpunkt der Erfassung der Person in dem vorbestimmten Bereich zu einem Datensatz verknüpft und dieser Datensatz wird mit statistisch ermittelten Daten zum erwarteten Aufenthaltsort der Person zu diesem Zeitpunkt verglichen. Diese statistischen Daten zum erwarteten Aufenthaltsort der Person sind vorzugsweise dadurch generiert worden, dass das Überwachungssystem, bevor es die eigentliche Überwachungsaufgabe aufgenommen hat, für eine gewisse Zeit Bewegungsdaten zu der zu überwachenden Person gesammelt hat, so dass über auf diese Weise erfasste typische Tagesabläufe und damit typische Bewegungsmuster ermittelt werden kann, wenn Abweichungen von dem typischen Verhalten der Person vorliegen.The data received in the monitoring center can be used or processed in different ways. According to a preferred development of the invention, the data received in the monitoring center for the identification of the person or for the predetermined geometric area are linked together with a date at the time of the detection of the person in the predetermined area to form a data record and this data record is determined statistically Comparing data on the person's expected location at that time. These statistical data on the expected location of the person have preferably been generated in that the monitoring system has collected movement data for the person to be monitored for a certain time before it has started the actual monitoring task, so that typical daily routines and thus recorded are recorded typical movement patterns can be determined if there are deviations from the typical behavior of the person.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist zusätzlich zu dem von der Person getragenen Funksender ein weiterer Funksender vorgesehen, der mit einem Bewegungssensor ausgestattet und zusammen mit dem Bewegungssensor an einem Haushaltsgegenstand angebracht ist. Die Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in dieser Weise ist insbesondere insofern vorteilhaft, als dass damit z.B. erfasst werden kann, ob eine Schranktür bewegt, ein Tablett aufgenommen oder ein Gefäß bewegt worden ist. Ist die Bewegung einer dieser Haushaltsgegenstände mit einer typischen, von der zu überwachenden Person durchzuführenden Tätigkeit verbunden, wie dem Einnehmen eines in einem Schrank bzw. auf einem Tablett bereitgestellten Medikaments, so kann auf diese Weise zumindest festgestellt werden, dass die Person den Schrank geöffnet bzw. das Tablett bewegt hat, so dass - zumindest mit einer gewissen Wahrscheinlichkeit - auch angenommen werden kann, dass die Person ihrer Verpflichtung, das Medikament einzunehmen, nachgekommen ist.According to a preferred development of the invention, in addition to the radio transmitter carried by the person, a further radio transmitter is provided which is equipped with a motion sensor and is attached to a household object together with the motion sensor. The configuration of the invention in this way is particularly advantageous in that it can be used to detect, for example, whether a cabinet door has been moved, a tray has been picked up or a vessel has been moved. If the movement of one of these household items is associated with a typical activity to be performed by the person to be monitored, such as taking medication provided in a cabinet or on a tray, it can at least be determined in this way that the person opens the cabinet or has moved the tray so that - at least with a certain probability - it can also be assumed that the person has fulfilled their obligation to take the medication.

Insofern ist gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen, dass bei einer erfassten Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands von dem am Haushaltsgegenstand angebrachten Funksender ein Datum zur Identifizierung des Haushaltsgegenstands und ein Datum zu der Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands an die Überwachungszentrale übermittelt wird. Dabei ist vorzugsweise ferner vorgesehen, dass die Übermittlung der Daten zur Identifizierung des Haushaltsgegenstands bzw. zu der Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands über einen in einem Bewegungsmelder integrierten Funkempfänger an die Überwachungszentrale erfolgt.In this respect, according to a preferred development of the invention, it is also provided that when the household object is detected, a date for identifying the household object and a date for the movement of the household object are transmitted to the monitoring center by the radio transmitter attached to the household object. It is preferably also provided that the data for identifying the household object or for moving the household object is transmitted to the monitoring center via a radio receiver integrated in a motion detector.

Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die in der Überwachungszentrale empfangenen Daten des Haushaltsgegenstands bzw. zu der Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands zusammen mit einem Datum zu dem Zeitpunkt der Erfassung der Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands zu einem Datensatz verknüpft werden und dieser Datensatz mit statistisch ermittelten Daten zu einer erwarteten Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands zu diesem Zeitpunkt verglichen werden. Auch auf diese Weise ist insofern eine Überwachung möglich, als dass damit geprüft werden kann, ob die zu überwachende Person ihren Verpflichtungen zu gewissen Tätigkeiten, wie dem Einnehmen von Medikamenten bzw. dem Aufnehmen von Flüssigkeit, nachgekommen ist.In addition, it is advantageous if the data of the household object received in the monitoring center or on the movement of the household object are linked together with a date at the time the movement of the household object was recorded to form a data record, and this data record with statistically determined data on an expected one Movement of the household item can be compared at this time. Monitoring is also possible in this way in that it can be used to check whether the person to be monitored has fulfilled his obligations for certain activities, such as taking medication or taking in liquid.

Dabei hat es sich insbesondere als bevorzugt herausgestellt, dass der am Haushaltsgegenstand befestigte Bewegungssensor einen Beschleunigungssensor oder/und einen Neigungssensor aufweist. Ein Beschleunigungssensor, auch als G-Sensor bezeichnet, ist ein Sensor, der seine Beschleunigung misst. Dies erfolgt vorzugsweise, indem die auf eine Testmasse wirkende Trägheitskraft bestimmt wird. Somit kann bestimmt werden, ob der Beschleunigungssensor eine Geschwindigkeitszunahme oder eine Geschwindigkeitsabnahme erfährt, z.B. beim Aufnehmen bzw. beim Absetzen eines Tabletts oder eines Gefäßes.It has turned out to be particularly preferred that the motion sensor attached to the household object has an acceleration sensor and / or an inclination sensor. An acceleration sensor, also known as a G-sensor, is a sensor that measures its acceleration. This is preferably done by determining the inertial force acting on a test mass. It can thus be determined whether the acceleration sensor is experiencing a speed increase or a speed decrease, e.g. when picking up or setting down a tray or a container.

Mit einem Neigungssensor sind Messungen relativ zur Lotrichtung möglich, so dass eine Änderung des Neigungswinkels überwacht werden kann. Da es beim Aufnehmen eines Gegenstands in der Regel immer zu einer Änderung des Neigungswinkels kommt, ist es auch auf diese Weise möglich, das Bewegen eines Haushaltsgegenstands, an dem der Neigungssensor befestigt ist, zu erfassen.With an inclination sensor, measurements relative to the perpendicular direction are possible, so that a change in the inclination angle can be monitored. Since the inclination angle always changes when an object is picked up, it is also possible in this way to detect the movement of a household object to which the inclination sensor is attached.

Die zuvor beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen des zweiten Aspekts der Erfindung sind selbstverständlich auch auf den ersten Aspekt der Erfindung angwendbar.The preferred embodiments of the second aspect of the invention described above can of course also be applied to the first aspect of the invention.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen weiter im Detail erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen

Fig. 1
schematisch die Überwachung einer Person in ihrer Wohnung mit einer Mehrzahl von jeweils mit einem Funkempfänger ausgestatteten Bewegungsmeldern gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
schematisch die Kommunikation der jeweils mit einem Funkempfänger ausgestatteten Bewegungsmelder mit einer Überwachungszentrale gemäß dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3a, b
schematisch die Erfassung der Bewegung eines Haushaltsgegenstands mit Hilfe eines daran angebrachten Bewegungssensors gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Fig. 4
einen Boxplot zu den von allen Bewegungsmeldern in der Wohnung erwarteten bzw. erfassten Bewegungsdaten an einem normalen Tag,
Fig. 5
einen Boxplot zu den von allen Bewegungsmeldern in der Wohnung erwarteten bzw. erfassten Bewegungsdaten an einem Tag mit anormaler Aktivität,
Fig. 6
einen Boxplot zu den von allen Bewegungsmeldern in der Wohnung erwarteten bzw. erfassten Bewegungsdaten an einem Tag, an dem die zu überwachende Person gestürzt ist, und
Fig. 7
zwei Boxplots von zwei verschiedenen Bewegungsmeldern zur genaueren Diagnose, wie es sich um die zu überwachende Person verhält.
Show in the drawings
Fig. 1
schematically the monitoring of a person in their home with a plurality of motion detectors each equipped with a radio receiver according to a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 2
schematically the communication of the motion detectors each equipped with a radio receiver with a monitoring center according to the preferred embodiment of the invention Fig. 1 ,
3a, b
schematically the detection of the movement of a household object with the aid of a movement sensor attached thereto in accordance with a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 4
a box plot for the movement data expected or recorded by all motion detectors in the apartment on a normal day,
Fig. 5
a box plot for the movement data expected or recorded by all motion detectors in the apartment on a day with abnormal activity,
Fig. 6
a box plot for the movement data expected or recorded by all motion detectors in the apartment on a day on which the person to be monitored has fallen, and
Fig. 7
two boxplots from two different motion detectors for more precise diagnosis of how the person to be monitored is behaving.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch eine Person 1 dargestellt, die sich in ihrer Wohnung 2 befindet und dort überwacht wird. In der Wohnung sind vier Zimmer vorgesehen, nämlich ein Wohn- und Esszimmer 3, eine Küche 4, ein Badezimmer 5 und ein Schlafzimmer 6. Jedes dieser Zimmer ist mit einer integrierten Sensoreinheit 7 ausgestattet, die jeweils einen Bewegungsmelder 8 aufweisen, in den ein Funkempfänger 9 integriert ist, wie schematisch Fig. 2 entnehmbar.In Fig. 1 is shown schematically a person 1 who is in her apartment 2 and is monitored there. Four rooms are provided in the apartment, namely a living and dining room 3, a kitchen 4, a bathroom 5 and a bedroom 6. Each of these rooms is equipped with an integrated sensor unit 7, each of which has a motion detector 8 into which a radio receiver 9 is integrated, as schematically Fig. 2 removable.

Mit den Bewegungsmeldern 8 wird, wie in Fig. 1 mittels der von den Sensoreinheiten 7 sternförmig ausgehenden Linien gekennzeichnet, die Wohnung 2 derart "ausgeleuchtet", dass eine Bewegung der Person 1 im gesamten Bereich der Wohnung 2 erfassbar ist. Als Bewegungsmelder 8 sind vorliegend passive Infrarotsensoren vorgesehen, die insofern nicht aktiv in den Raum hineinstrahlen, sondern vielmehr Wärmeveränderungen beim Bewegen der Person 1 in der Wohnung 2 aufnehmen. Dabei ist die Anordnung und Reichweite der Bewegungsmelder 8 derart gewählt, dass es keinen Ort in der Wohnung 2 gibt, in der eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person 1 nicht erfasst werden könnte.With the motion detectors 8, as in Fig. 1 characterized by the lines emanating from the sensor units 7 in a star shape, the apartment 2 is "illuminated" in such a way that a movement of the person 1 can be detected in the entire area of the apartment 2. Passive infrared sensors are provided as motion detectors 8, which do not actively radiate into the room, but rather record changes in heat when the person 1 moves in the apartment 2. The arrangement and range of the motion detectors 8 is selected such that there is no location in the apartment 2 in which a movement of the person 1 to be monitored could not be detected.

Wie weiterhin Fig. 1 entnehmbar, trägt die zu überwachende Person 1 einen Funksender 10 in Form eines als Armband getragenen Beacon. Dieser Funksender 10 arbeitet, wie auch die in den integrierten Sensoreinheiten 7 vorgesehenen Funkempfänger 9, auf der Grundlage von Bluetooth LE in der Version 4.0. Das vorliegend beschriebene Beispiel betrifft damit eine Lösung, die ein von der zu überwachenden Person 1 getragenen Beacon verwendet. Grundsätzlich ist die Erfindung jedoch auch ohne einen derartigen Beacon umsetzbar, insbesondere dann, wenn die Person 1 die meiste Zeit alleine in der Wohnung ist. So lange die zu überwachende Person 1 nicht öfter als zwei Mal pro Woche für einige Stunden Besuch erhält, wird ihr typisches Aktivitätsmuster durch die erfassten Aktivitäten von Besuchern praktisch nicht beeinflusst. Die aufgrund von Besuchern verfassten Aktivitäten liegen nämlich statistisch über den oberen 90 % der Aktivitätsdaten, die für eine im Wesentlichen alleine lebende Person erfasst werden. In einem solchen Fall bedarf es keiner Identifikation der Person 1 mittels Funksender 10 und Funkempfänger 9.How continue Fig. 1 removable, the person to be monitored 1 wears a radio transmitter 10 in the form of a beacon worn as a bracelet. This radio transmitter 10, like the radio receivers 9 provided in the integrated sensor units 7, works on the basis of Bluetooth LE version 4.0. The example described here thus relates to a solution that uses a beacon carried by the person to be monitored 1. In principle, however, the invention can also be implemented without such a beacon, in particular when person 1 is alone in the apartment most of the time. As long as the person to be monitored 1 does not receive a visit for a few hours more than twice a week, their typical activity pattern is practically not influenced by the activities recorded by visitors. The activities written on the basis of visitors are statistically higher than the top 90% of the activity data that are recorded for a person who essentially lives alone. In one In such a case, no identification of person 1 by means of radio transmitter 10 and radio receiver 9 is required.

Die Funktionsweise des Überwachungssystems gemäß dem vorliegend beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist dabei wie folgt: Bewegt sich die zu überwachende Person 1, die an ihrem Arm den Funksender 10 trägt, innerhalb der Wohnung 2, so aktiviert sie dadurch einen jeweiligen Bewegungsmelder 8, der in dem Raum installiert ist, in dem sich die Person 1 gerade bewegt. Darüber hinaus empfängt der zusammen mit dem Bewegungsmelder 8 in der integrierten Sensoreinheit 7 des jeweiligen Raums vorgesehene Funkempfänger 9 ein Funksignal von dem von der Person 1 getragenen Funksender 10.The functioning of the monitoring system according to the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention described here is as follows: If the person to be monitored 1, who carries the radio transmitter 10 on his arm, moves within the apartment 2, he thereby activates a respective motion detector 8, which installed in the room in which person 1 is currently moving. In addition, the radio receiver 9 provided together with the motion detector 8 in the integrated sensor unit 7 of the respective room receives a radio signal from the radio transmitter 10 carried by the person 1.

Dies ist schematisch in Fig. 2 dargestellt, die auch zeigt, wie die vier in den verschiedenen Räumen angeordneten Sensoreinheiten 7, die jeweils einen Bewegungsmelder 8 sowie einen zugeordneten Funkempfänger 9 aufweisen, mit einer Überwachungszentrale 11 verbunden sind. Diese Verbindung ist vorliegend kabelgebunden dargestellt, selbstverständlich kann jedoch auch eine Verbindung der Sensoreinheiten 7 mit der Überwachungszentrale 11 per Funk vorgesehen sein.This is shown schematically in Fig. 2 shown, which also shows how the four sensor units 7 arranged in the different rooms, each having a motion detector 8 and an associated radio receiver 9, are connected to a monitoring center 11. This connection is shown in the present case in a wired manner, but a connection of the sensor units 7 to the monitoring center 11 by radio can of course also be provided.

Aufgrund des von dem Funksender 10 ausgesandten und von dem Funkempfänger 9 empfangenen Funksignals, das charakteristisch für die Identität der zu überwachenden Person 1 ist, kann mittels der einzelnen Bewegungsmelder 8 nicht nur erfasst werden, in welchem Bereich, insbesondere also in welchem Zimmer, sich die zu überwachende Person 1 bewegt hat. Darüber hinaus kann nämlich auch sichergestellt werden, dass es sich bei der erfassten Bewegung tatsächlich auch um eine Bewegung der zu überwachenden Person 1 handelt, schließlich ist gleichzeitig mit der Bewegung der Person 1 auch das von dem Funksender 10 ausgesendete Funksignal von dem zusammen mit dem aktivierten Bewegungsmelder 8 in der Sensoreinheit 7 vorgesehenen Funkempfänger 9 empfangen worden.Due to the radio signal emitted by the radio transmitter 10 and received by the radio receiver 9, which is characteristic of the identity of the person to be monitored 1, the individual motion detectors 8 can be used not only to detect in which area, in particular in which room, the the person to be monitored 1 has moved. In addition, it can also be ensured that the movement detected is actually a movement of the person 1 to be monitored, after all, along with the movement of the person 1, the radio signal emitted by the radio transmitter 10 is also the same as the one that is activated Motion detector 8 in the sensor unit 7 provided radio receiver 9 has been received.

Diese Bewegungsmuster, vorliegend in regelmäßigen Abständen von 15 Sekunden erfasste Bewegungsdaten, werden in einer in der Überwachungszentrale 11 vorgesehenen Auswerteeinheit 12 verarbeitet, indem sie mit vorher ermittelten, statistisch zu erwartenden Bewegungsabläufen verglichen werden. Bei signifikanten Abweichungen der ermittelten Bewegungsabläufe von den erwarteten Bewegungsabläufen kann von einer Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 der Überwachungszentrale 11 ein Signal ausgesandt werden, das z.B. von einem Smartphone 14 empfangen werden kann, so dass auf dem Smartphone 14 eine Warnanzeige 15 erfolgen kann. Auf diese Weise kann z.B. einer Pflegeperson mitgeteilt werden, dass bei der zu überwachenden Person 1 in der Wohnung 2 ein Notfall vorliegt oder zumindest eine derartige Situation, die ein Nachprüfen durch die Pflegeperson erfordert.These movement patterns, in the present case movement data recorded at regular intervals of 15 seconds, are processed in an evaluation unit 12 provided in the monitoring center 11 by using statistically expected ones previously determined Movements are compared. In the event of significant deviations of the determined movement sequences from the expected movement sequences, a signal can be sent by a communication device 13 of the monitoring center 11, which can be received by a smartphone 14, for example, so that a warning display 15 can be displayed on the smartphone 14. In this way, for example, a caregiver can be informed that there is an emergency in the person 1 to be monitored in the apartment 2 or at least such a situation that requires the caregiver to check it.

Neben einer Überwachung der Person 1 in der Wohnung 2 kann, wie schematisch den Fig. 3a und 3b entnehmbar, auch überwacht werden, ob gewisse Haushaltsgegenstände 16, wie vorliegend ein Tablett mit darauf bereitgestellten Medikamenten 17 benutzt wird. Dazu ist der Haushaltsgegenstand 16 mit einem Bewegungssensor 18 versehen sowie mit einem weiteren Funksender 19.In addition to monitoring the person 1 in the apartment 2 can, as schematically 3a and 3b Removable, can also be monitored whether certain household items 16, such as a tray with medication 17 provided thereon, is used. For this purpose, the household object 16 is provided with a motion sensor 18 and with a further radio transmitter 19.

Kommt es, wie in Fig. 3b mit einem gekrümmten Pfeil dargestellt, zu einer Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands 16, z.B. um die Medikamente 17 einzunehmen, so führt diese Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands 16 zu einer Aktivierung des Bewegungssensors 18, was mittels des Funksenders 19 an den Funkempfänger 9 der nächstgelegenen Sensoreinheit 7 übermittelt wird. Wie nicht im Einzelnen in den Fig. 3a und 3b dargestellt, kann auch dieses Ereignis an die Überwachungszentrale 11 übermittelt werden, wo die Überwachung der Bewegung des Haushaltsgegenstands 16 ebenfalls in den Ablauf mit erwarteten Bewegungsmustern einfließt.It comes as in Fig. 3b shown with a curved arrow, to a movement of the household object 16, for example to take the medication 17, this movement of the household object 16 leads to an activation of the motion sensor 18, which is transmitted by means of the radio transmitter 19 to the radio receiver 9 of the closest sensor unit 7. As not in detail in the 3a and 3b shown, this event can also be transmitted to the monitoring center 11, where the monitoring of the movement of the household object 16 also flows into the process with expected movement patterns.

Aus Fig. 4 ist ein Boxplot zu den von allen Bewegungsmeldern 8 in der Wohnung einerseits erwarteten und andererseits erfassten Bewegungsdaten an einem normalen Tag ersichtlich. Wie bei einem Boxplot üblich, stellt die Box den Bereich dar, innerhalb dessen 50 % aller in der Vergangenheit zur Vorbereitung der jetzigen Überwachung erfassten Werte liegen. Die Box stellt also den erwarteten Wertebereich dar. Eine obere sowie eine untere Antenne bezeichnen die Bereiche bis zu den in der Vergangenheit maximal bzw. minimal erfassten Werten. Als Punkt innerhalb der Box ist der Median der in der Vergangenheit erfassten Werte angegeben. Diese Werte, also die Box mit ihren Antennen und dem Median, sind vorliegend durch eine vorhergehende Erfassung der Aktivitäten der Person 1 in der Wohnung über einen Zeitraum von vier Wochen hinweg ermittelt worden. Zu dieser Zeit ist natürlich noch keine Überwachung der Person 1 möglich gewesen, da noch keine Referenzdaten vorgelegen haben; diese sind innerhalb dieser vier Wochen erst ermittelt worden. Im Übrigen ist aus Fig. 4 auch ersichtlich, welche Auswirkungen es hat, wenn Aktivitäten von Besuchern der Person 1 erfasst werden. Die besonders langen Antennen der Box, die zu 14 Uhr gehört, gehen nämlich auf derartige Aktivitäten von Besuchern zurück.Out Fig. 4 a box plot for the movement data expected on the one hand by all motion detectors 8 in the apartment and on the other hand recorded on a normal day can be seen. As is usual with a box plot, the box represents the area within which 50% of all values recorded in the past to prepare for the current surveillance lie. The box thus represents the expected range of values. An upper and a lower antenna indicate the ranges up to the maximum or minimum values recorded in the past. The median of the values recorded in the past is given as a point within the box. These values, i.e. the box with its antennas and the median, are present through a previous recording of the activities of person 1 in the apartment over a period of four weeks. At this time, of course, monitoring of person 1 was not yet possible since there were no reference data available; these have only been determined within these four weeks. Incidentally, is over Fig. 4 also see what effects it has if activities of visitors of person 1 are recorded. The particularly long antennas of the box, which belongs to 2 p.m., are due to such activities by visitors.

Die Boxen, die vorliegend jeweils einen Zeitraum von 15 Minuten überspannen, geben die Möglichkeit, immer dann ein Notsignal zu generieren, wenn die tatsächlich an dem jeweiligen Tag erfassten, durch eine Linie gekennzeichneten Aktivitätsdaten in diesem Zeitintervall außerhalb der Box liegen, typischerweise unterhalb der Box, da keine oder eine verminderte Aktivität der Person 1 erfasst worden ist. Dazu sind aus den Figuren 5 und 6 nun derartige Boxplots ersichtlich, die mit einer anormalen Aktivität bzw. mit einem Sturz der zu überwachenden Person 1 verbunden sind.The boxes, which in each case span a period of 15 minutes, give the option of generating an emergency signal whenever the activity data actually recorded on the respective day and marked by a line lies outside the box in this time interval, typically below the box , since no or reduced activity of person 1 has been recorded. These are from the Figures 5 and 6 Boxplots of this type can now be seen which are associated with an abnormal activity or with a fall of the person 1 to be monitored.

Wie aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich, liegt die Aktivität der Person 1 über den Tag hinweg mehrfach deutlich außerhalb, nämlich unterhalb der Boxen, was auf eine verringerte Aktivität hindeutet. Dies könnte bedeuten, dass sich die zu überwachende Person 1 mehrfach hingelegt hat, was auf einen Krankheitszustand hindeuten kann. In einem derartigen Fall ist gemäß dem vorliegend beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen, ein Notfallsignal niedriger Stufe zu generieren, so dass ein Pflegepersonal z.B. darüber informiert werden kann, dass es der zu überwachenden Person 1 möglicherweise nicht gut geht.How out Fig. 5 can be seen, the activity of person 1 is several times significantly outside during the day, namely below the boxes, which indicates a reduced activity. This could mean that the person to be monitored 1 lay down several times, which can indicate a disease state. In such a case, according to the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention described here, provision is made to generate a low-level emergency signal so that nursing staff can be informed, for example, that the person to be monitored 1 may not be doing well.

Anders ist es in dem in Fig. 6 gezeigten Fall, in dem ab 9 Uhr durchgehend keine Bewegungen mehr erfasst worden sind. Dies kann im Prinzip nur durch einen Sturz der zu überwachenden Person 1 verursacht sein, so dass in einem derartigen Fall ein Notsignal höchster Stufe generiert wird, was ein Pflegepersonal dazu veranlassen soll, umgehend nach der zu überwachenden Person 1 zu sehen.It is different in the in Fig. 6 shown case in which no movements were continuously recorded from 9 a.m. In principle, this can only be caused by a fall in the person 1 to be monitored, so that in such a case an emergency signal of the highest level is generated, which should prompt nursing staff to immediately look for the person 1 to be monitored.

Schließlich ist Fig. 7 entnehmbar, wie mit Hilfe von Aktivitätsmustern von voneinander verschiedenen Bewegungsmeldern 8, nämlich einem Bewegungsmelder 8 im Esszimmer und einem Bewegungsmelder 8 im Wohnzimmer, mehr erfasst werden kann, als dass die Aktivität der überwachten Person 1 hoch oder niedrig ist. Vorliegend haben die Aktivitäten im Esszimmer ab Mittag gestoppt, während die Aktivitäten im Wohnzimmer unnormal hoch waren. Derartige Vergleiche und Analysen können helfen, die Stufe des auszusendenden Notsignals zu bestimmen, indem durch die erfassten Aktivitätsmuster auf die wahrscheinliche Situation geschlossen wird, in der sich die zu überwachende Person 1 in der Wohnung befindet.Finally is Fig. 7 removable, as with the help of activity patterns of mutually different motion detectors 8, namely a motion detector 8 in the dining room and a motion detector 8 in the living room, more can be detected than that the activity of the monitored person 1 is high or low. In the present case, the activities in the dining room stopped at noon, while the activities in the living room were abnormally high. Such comparisons and analyzes can help to determine the level of the emergency signal to be emitted by inferring the probable situation in which the person 1 to be monitored is located in the apartment through the activity patterns detected.

Insgesamt wird damit ein derartiges Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung der Aktivitäten einer Person 1 in einer Wohnung 2 bereitgestellt, mit dem eine sichere Erfassung eines Notfalls sowie eine eindeutige Zuordnung einer erfassten Bewegung einer Person zu der zu überwachenden Person 1 ermöglicht ist. Bezugszeichenliste Person 1 Wohnung 2 Wohn- und Esszimmer 3 Küche 4 Badezimmer 5 Schlafzimmer 6 Sensoreinheit 7 Bewegungsmelder 8 Funkempfänger 9 Funksender 10 Überwachungszentrale 11 Auswerteeinrichtung 12 Kommunikationseinrichtung 13 Smartphone 14 Warnanzeige 15 Haushaltsgegenstand 16 Medikament 17 Bewegungssensor 18 Funksender 19 Overall, a monitoring system of this type is provided for monitoring the activities of a person 1 in an apartment 2, with which a reliable detection of an emergency and a clear assignment of a detected movement of a person to the person 1 to be monitored is made possible. Reference symbol list person 1 flat 2nd Living and dining room 3rd kitchen 4th bathroom 5 bedroom 6 Sensor unit 7 motion detector 8th Radio receiver 9 Radio transmitter 10th Monitoring center 11 Evaluation device 12 Communication device 13 Smartphone 14 Warning indicator 15 Household item 16 drug 17th Motion sensor 18th Radio transmitter 19th

Claims (14)

  1. A monitoring system for monitoring the activities of a person (1) in a residence (2), having:
    a motion detector (8) for detecting a movement of the person (1) in the residence (2) provided in the residence (2) and a central monitoring system (11), wherein
    the geometric detection region of the motion detector (8) is associated with a specific geometric region of the residence (2),
    data from the motion detector (8) for detecting the location of the person (1) in the specific geometric region are transmitted continuously to the central monitoring system (11),
    the transmitted data are checked in the central monitoring system (11) to determine whether they are within an expected data range, and
    an emergency signal is generated by the central monitoring system (11) if the transmitted data are outside of the expected data range for longer than a predetermined period of time,
    characterized in that the expected data range was determined by means of previous monitoring of the person (1).
  2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein a door sensor is provided with which the opening and closing of the residence door is detected.
  3. The monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, having:
    a radio receiver (9) and a radio transmitter (10) worn by the person (1), wherein
    when detecting the person (1) the radio transmitter (10) transmits a radio signal for identifying the person (1) using the motion detector (8),
    the radio signal is detected by the radio receiver (9), and,
    data for identifying the person (1) are sent to the central monitoring system (11) by the radio receiver (9) and data for detecting the location of the person (1) in the predetermined geometric region are transmitted to the central monitoring system (11) by the motion detector (8).
  4. The monitoring system according to claim 3,wherein the radio receiver (9) has an array made of at least two antennas.
  5. The monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the antennas have different directionalities from one another.
  6. The monitoring system according to any of claims 3 through 5, wherein the radio receiver (9), together with the motion detector (8), is integrated into a common sensor unit (7).
  7. The monitoring system according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of motion detectors (8) are provided that are arranged such that the detection regions of the motion detectors (9) together cover the entire residence (2).
  8. The monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein the motion detectors (8) each have an integrated radio receiver (9).
  9. The monitoring system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the distance between adjacent motion detectors (8) is selected, and the range of the radio transmitter (10) is set, such that each radio transmitter (10) is detected by exactly one radio receiver (9).
  10. The monitoring system according to any of claims 3 through 9, wherein the data received in the central monitoring system (11) for identifying the person (1) and the data received in the central monitoring system (11) for the pre-determined geometric region, together with data at the point in time at which the person (1) is detected in the pre-determined region are linked to create a data set and this data set is compared to statistically determined data on the expected location of the person (1) at that point in time.
  11. The monitoring system according to any of claims 3 through 10, wherein another radio transmitter (19) is provided that, together with a motion detector (18), is attached to a household object (16).
  12. The monitoring system according to claim 11, wherein when the household object (16) moves, data for identifying the household object (16) are transmitted by the radio transmitter (19) attached to the household object (16) and data about the movement of the household object (16) are transmitted to the central monitoring system (11).
  13. The monitoring system according to claim 12, wherein the data on the household object (16) and on the movement of the household object (16) that are received in the central monitoring system (11), together with data about the point in time the movement of the household object (16) was detected, are linked to create a data set, and this data set is compared to statistically determined data on an expected movement of the household object (16) at this point in time.
  14. The monitoring system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the motion detector (18) has a accelerometer and/or an inclination sensor.
EP15157870.5A 2015-03-05 2015-03-05 Monitoring system Active EP3065113B1 (en)

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EP3065113B1 true EP3065113B1 (en) 2020-06-10

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100182153A1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2010-07-22 Kurt Holdgaard Jensen Apparatus with an infrared sensor and magnetic near field communication properties for monitoring activity in a selected area
US8742935B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2014-06-03 General Electric Company Radar based systems and methods for detecting a fallen person
ITBO20120299A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-01 Filippo Guerzoni DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD OF SURVEILLANCE OF A VOLUME DEBT.
WO2014068480A2 (en) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-08 Markus Schori Security system having integrated emergency calling function

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