EP3049462A1 - Materiau viscoelastique obtenu par liquefaction hydrothermale de microalgues - Google Patents
Materiau viscoelastique obtenu par liquefaction hydrothermale de microalguesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3049462A1 EP3049462A1 EP14789407.5A EP14789407A EP3049462A1 EP 3049462 A1 EP3049462 A1 EP 3049462A1 EP 14789407 A EP14789407 A EP 14789407A EP 3049462 A1 EP3049462 A1 EP 3049462A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microalgae
- biomass
- hydrophobic phase
- viscoelastic
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/006—Waste materials as binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/28—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. flours, kernels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J191/00—Adhesives based on oils, fats or waxes; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J199/00—Adhesives based on natural macromolecular compounds or on derivatives thereof, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 -C09J107/00 or C09J189/00 - C09J197/00
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/18—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders
- E01C7/26—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders mixed with other materials, e.g. cement, rubber, leather, fibre
- E01C7/262—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and bituminous binders mixed with other materials, e.g. cement, rubber, leather, fibre with fibrous material, e.g. asbestos; with animal or vegetal admixtures, e.g. leather, cork
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of viscoelastic materials obtained from biomass, more particularly from microalgae.
- Viscoelastic materials are generally used as adhesives or as thermoplastic matrices for composite materials. More particularly, the invention relates to the field of synthetic bituminous binders also called "alternative binders to bitumen from biomass”.
- Bituminous binders make it possible to ensure the cohesion of aggregates, and thus to form coated materials known as "bituminous coatings".
- bituminous binder is a product of natural origin, traditionally obtained from the distillation of oil and / or deasphalting of the heavy fraction. It can be used as is or be fluidized by means of fluxing agent (s) or fluidifier (s).
- Bitumen is an essentially hydrocarbon mixture. Indeed, elemental analysis shows the predominant presence of carbon (79 to 88%) and hydrogen (7 to 13%). Nitrogen (0 to 3%), sulfur (0 to 8%) and oxygen (2 to 8%) are also present, but to a lesser extent. Finally, metals can also be found in trace form, especially vanadium (10 to 2000 ppm) and nickel (10 to 150 ppm).
- Bitumen is mainly used in the road as a material to bind aggregates and thus manufacture bituminous mixes. Another use concerns the waterproofing of roofs, this use is more marginal since it targets only 10% of the amount of bitumen produced in France.
- bituminous binders There are different types of bituminous binders, corresponding to different formulations depending on the / application (s) referred (s).
- bitumen In view of these uses, the bitumen must meet several requirements concerning its physical and mechanical properties.
- US Pat. No. 5,021,476 is directed to an alternative binder obtained from a mixture of natural or modified resin, in particular a tall oil (tall oil) resin, a wood resin, a turpentine resin to which are added an oil and a polymer to adjust the rheology of the mixture.
- a tall oil (tall oil) resin in particular a tall oil (tall oil) resin, a wood resin, a turpentine resin to which are added an oil and a polymer to adjust the rheology of the mixture.
- EP 1 466 878 A1 relates to a vegetable binder comprising:
- said binder being further defined by its penetrability at 25 ° C and its softening point at 75 ° C or its penetrability at 15 ° C and its viscosity at 60 ° C, said binder being furthermore free from any natural or synthetic elastomer and any thermoplastic polymer.
- FR 2 955 586 also relates to a synthetic binder based on one or more resins comprising from 20 to 100% of at least one particular polyester and optionally at least one natural or modified resin derived from renewable resources.
- microalgae have been studied for their potential use as biofuels for producing biodiesel, bioethanol or biogas.
- the inventors have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain a viscoelastic material from a biomass containing microalgae and containing a high water content and by implementing a hydrothermal liquefaction, which in particular satisfies the requirements for use as an asphalt binder, in particular with respect to its physical and mechanical properties.
- the invention relates to a viscoelastic material obtained by recovery of the hydrophobic phase resulting from a hydrothermal liquefaction process from a biomass comprising at least one microalgae and comprising at least 40% by weight of water per relative to the total weight of the biomass, said hydrophobic phase, comprising a viscoelastic oil and solid residues, wherein the amount of solid residues is between 15% and 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrophobic phase.
- the biomass comprises at least one microalga and at least 50% and preferably at least 70% by weight of water relative to the total weight of the biomass.
- microalgae are not grown on arable land, so their use to make a viscoelastic material does not compete with a more noble use such as food use.
- hydrothermal liquefaction used according to the invention does not implement organic solvents and as such it is more environmentally friendly than for example Soxhlet extraction.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a viscoelastic material comprising at least the following steps: a) having a biomass comprising at least one microalgae and comprising at least 40%, preferably at least 50% and preferably at least 70% by weight of water relative to the total weight of the biomass,
- said method being characterized in that the hydrothermal liquefaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 200 to 350 ° C, and the amount of biomass being such that the ratio of the volume of the biomass to the volume of the reactor ranges from 0.30 to 0. , 65, and the hydrothermal liquefaction being carried out under operating conditions for obtaining a hydrophobic phase, comprising a viscoelastic oil and solid residues, in which the amount of solid residues is between 15% and 30% by weight per relative to the total weight of the hydrophobic phase.
- the temperature is from 250 to 300 ° C, preferably from 255 to 275 ° C and even more preferably from 255 to 265 ° C.
- microalgae used in the present invention are not previously dried.
- the process according to the invention has the advantage of being able to be implemented using microalgae without prior treatment and in particular without prior drying step.
- the absence of prior treatment is particularly advantageous in terms of saving time, saving energy and reducing production costs.
- viscoelastic refers to viscous fluids having elastic properties. fluids which, after application of a constraint and release of this constraint, return at least partially to their initial shape.
- the viscoelasticity property is in particular defined in patent EP 0 993 334 B1, in particular in paragraphs 8 and 11.
- a test which has proved to be useful for determining the viscoelasticity of an aqueous solution consists in measuring the modulus of conservation (G ') and the loss modulus (G ") at a given temperature If G>G" at a given point or at a certain range of points below 10 rad / sec, typically between about 0.001 to about 10 rad / s, and more generally between about 0.1 and about 10 rad / s, at a given temperature and if G '> 10 -2 Pascals, preferably 10 -1 Pascals, the fluid is generally considered viscoelastic to this temperature.
- the viscoelastic material according to the invention has, in particular, the specific physico-chemical characteristics of conventional bituminous binders, that is to say:
- viscoelastic properties such as the expansion and contraction stresses caused by the passage of heavy vehicles and the temperature variations can be relaxed.
- the viscoelastic materials according to the invention are rheologically simple materials. Thus, their rheological behavior respects the principle of over-temperature time. Such materials have a structure, that is to say the arrangement of the molecules that constitute them, stable under normal conditions of use (temperature and time of solicitation). Thus, no phase changes of one or more molecular fractions which could destabilize the structure of the material, in their normal conditions of use, especially at their normal temperatures of use, are observed.
- the rheologically simple materials are illustrated by a continuous curve in the space of Black in particular the isotherms are adjacent and overlapping showing that one can obtain the same rheological state for several couples [frequency (or time) temperature].
- the viscoelastic materials according to the invention in particular bituminous binders, also have the property of maintaining their physicochemical characteristics over a wide range of temperatures corresponding to the temperatures of use of these materials, in particular between -20 ° C. and + 70 ° C. vs.
- the properties, and especially the viscosity, of the viscoelastic materials according to the invention can be adapted by varying the various parameters of the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction, in particular by varying the temperature or the reactor loading rate as illustrated in Figure 1.
- the invention also relates to the use of a material obtained by means of the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the invention as a viscoelastic material, in particular it relates to the use of a material obtained according to the invention as a binder for granular structure.
- microalgae any microscopically sized algae. Unlike algae (macroscopic), microalgae are not usually harvested directly in natural aqueous media, but are grown in structures specifically designed to ensure optimal growth.
- microalgae is also intended to cover cyanobacteria.
- microalgae as used herein is intended to cover an entire microalgae or part of a microalgae. That is to say on the one hand, a microalga on which no treatment has been carried out and on the other hand extracts or fractions of microalgae obtained after any appropriate separation process or microalgae having undergone pretreatment for example acid digestion type or liquefaction at low temperature or ultrasound.
- Microalgae can also be used in freeze-dried form. Microalgae consist essentially of proteins, lipids, polysaccharides.
- Another advantage of the implementation of the hydrothermal liquefaction according to the invention is that it makes it possible to value not only the lipid fraction of the biomass, but also at least a portion of the polysaccharide and protein fractions.
- Extracts of microalgae that are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention are hydrophobic extracts.
- all methods for isolating said hydrophobic phase can be used in the context of the present invention.
- microalgae including cyanobacteria
- the microalgae are selected from the group formed by Scenedesmus sp, Nannochloropsis, Spirulina.
- the microalgae used belongs to the species Scenedesmus sp ..
- the viscoelastic material according to the present invention is obtained from a first material (s) containing at least one microalgae.
- material (s) first (s) "within the meaning of the present invention means the charge introduced into the reactor, usually the (s) raw material (s) is / are essentially constituted (s) of the biomass to be treated.
- the microalgae is an entire microalgae.
- the material is obtained from an extract of microalgae, more particularly from a partially de-proteinulated microalgae extract or from residues obtained after extraction of a valued fraction for the production of proteins. or biofuel.
- This extract is obtained after extraction of the water-soluble proteins, more particularly after extraction of approximately 1% to 50% by weight of the water-soluble proteins.
- This partially de-proteinated extract includes not only lipids but also polysaccharides and most of the proteins.
- the partially de-proteinated microalga fraction is obtained after either centrifugation or maceration followed by centrifugation. At the end of these steps, a part of the water-soluble proteins is isolated in aqueous phase and the partially de-proteinated fraction is used to prepare the binder according to the present invention.
- the raw material used for obtaining the viscoelastic material according to the invention also comprises another product derived from biomass, preferably another product derived from plant biomass.
- the "product derived from plant biomass” used according to the invention may be chosen from all organic materials of plant origin, advantageously it will be selected from algae.
- algae means algae of non-microscopic size as opposed to “micro-algae” used in the context of the invention.
- Hydrothermal liquefaction is a heat treatment process performed at high pressure and high temperature in an aqueous medium, which leads to a complex mixture of hydrophobic organic compounds, water-soluble compounds and gases.
- this method has the advantage of being able to be applied to the raw material including microalgae after harvest without requiring a prior drying step.
- the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the present invention is carried out at an initial pressure of between 0.1 and 20 MPa under an atmosphere of air, nitrogen, CO 2, helium type ....
- the process will add to the reactor the autogenous pressure of the system as well as the pressure generated by the decomposition of the biomass.
- the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the present invention may be carried out batchwise, that is to say “batchwise” or continuously.
- the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the present invention is carried out at a temperature of from 200 ° C to 350 ° C, preferably from 250 to 300 ° C.
- the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the present invention is carried out at a temperature ranging from 255 to 275 ° C. and even more preferably from 255 to 265 ° C., with at least one microalgae chosen from the group formed by Scenedesmus. sp and Nannochloropsis,
- the duration of the hydrothermal liquefaction according to the present invention ranges from 0 minutes to 2 hours, preferably from 10 minutes to 1 hour, the start of the duration of the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction being calculated from the moment when the set temperature is reached.
- the set temperature is the temperature chosen to perform the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction.
- the hydrothermal liquefaction process according to the present invention is carried out starting from a raw material containing, if not essentially consisting of, biomass comprising at least microalgae and water.
- the amount of dry biomass comprising dry microalgae, and optionally the other product derived from dry biomass is at least 60%, preferably 50% and preferably at least 30% by weight relative to the total weight of dry biomass, it generally ranges from 15% to 25% by weight and is about 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the dry biomass.
- the amount of water is at least 40%, preferably at least 50% and preferably at least 70%, preferably 75% to 85% by weight and more preferably about 80% by weight relative to the total weight of said biomass.
- reactor loading rate that is to say the ratio of the volume of the raw materials, generally consisting of the biomass comprising the microalgae and water, the volume of the reactor, this ratio must be between 0.30 and 0.65, preferably between 0.30 and 0.55 and more preferably between 0.35 and 0.45, terminals included.
- a hydrophobic phase comprising a viscoelastic oil and solid residues
- the hydrothermal liquefaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 200 to 350 ° C, and the amount of biomass is such that the ratio of the volume of the biomass to the volume of the reactor ranges from 0.30 to 0.65.
- the operating conditions such as the temperature, the pressure, the reaction time and the reactor loading rate, in particular the temperature, are adjusted to allow a hydrophobic phase to be obtained, comprising a viscoelastic oil and solid residues, wherein the amount of solid residues is between 15% and 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the phase hydrophobic.
- the hydrophobic phase can be used directly as a viscoelastic material, this option has the advantage of eliminating an additional separation step, and the possible use of organic solvents.
- the hydrophobic phase mass yield obtained is greater than 50% and generally between 50 and 60% relative to the total mass of the initial dry biomass.
- the solid residues -containing calcium carbonate- can be separated from the oil, this separation can be carried out by simple filtration after solubilization of the oil in an organic solvent.
- step c) of recovering the hydrophobic phase of the process according to the invention is followed by a step for isolating the solid residues.
- the oil thus obtained is called "liquefaction oil”.
- the mass yield of liquefaction oil obtained is about 40% relative to the total mass of the initial dry biomass, which is clearly greater than the conversion rate obtained with a Soxhlet extraction.
- the process according to the invention may also comprise one or more subsequent stages of refining the hydrophobic phase.
- the infrared spectra of the liquefaction oils obtained by the process according to the invention all have the same general appearance: the strongly aliphatic nature of these oils is indicated by strong absorption bands at 2900 and 2850 cm -1 (CH vibrations). as well as a large band at 1460 cm -1 ((CH 2 ) n ); the presence of a broad band at 1678 cm -1 indicates the formation of compounds containing carbonyls (carboxylic acids, esters, amides, aldehydes or ketones), and finally the band at 3300 cm -1 , due to the elongation of the bonds. OH or NH, can be attributed to the presence of residual water, alcohols or amines.
- the first major family of identified products is derived from the condensation of two amino acids, themselves derived from the hydrolysis of proteins.
- the carboxylic and amino acid functions of the amino acids react in pairs to form substituted nitrogenous heterocycles of the 2,5-piperazinediones type, with the elimination of two molecules of water.
- the products formed are mainly derived from valine, leucine, proline and phenylalanine.
- the second family of compounds present in oils comes from the reaction between lipids (the free fatty acids) and products derived from proteins.
- hexadecanamide and 9-octadecenamide are found, formed by reactions between the corresponding free fatty acids and the ammonia resulting from the deamination of the amino acids.
- the free fatty acids can react directly with the amino acids and are thus obtained: 1- (1-oxo-9-octadecenyl) -pyrrolidine, N-ethyl-9-octadecenamide, N-methylpropyl-9 octadecenamide, N-isobutyl-9-octadecenamide; N-isobutyl-octadecanamide, 1- (1-oxooctadecyl) -pyrrolidine; N-ethylhexadecanamide and N-methylpropylhexadecanamide.
- the third family present in the liquefaction oils comprises the phytol derivatives, itself derived from the hydrolysis of chlorophyll. Phytol, isophytol, phytone, phytene and dihydrophytol acetate have thus been observed.
- the last family consists of sterol derivatives.
- the hydrophobic phase obtained can be used directly as a viscoelastic material or it can undergo one or more refining steps before being used as a viscoelastic material.
- step c) of mixing said hydrophobic phase with a granulate may be provided a step subsequent to step c) of mixing said hydrophobic phase with a granulate, this step is advantageously implemented when it is desired to use the material for the manufacture of a bituminous mix.
- the hydrophobic liquefaction phase obtained according to the process according to the invention has a complex shear modulus in accordance with those of conventional bituminous binders.
- the viscoelastic material according to the invention is essentially used as a binder or as an adhesive or glue, especially as a binder for granular structure or bituminous binder.
- it can be used as an adhesive especially for waterproofing buildings, boats.
- bitumen additive particularly as an adhesive agent.
- thermoplastic matrices for composite materials in particular for biocomposite materials, for example ensuring cohesion between plant fibers and / or lignocellulosic particles and / or particles or mineral or polymeric fibers. of natural or synthetic origin or ensuring the hydrophobic character of the composite.
- biocomposite materials for example ensuring cohesion between plant fibers and / or lignocellulosic particles and / or particles or mineral or polymeric fibers. of natural or synthetic origin or ensuring the hydrophobic character of the composite.
- a raw material comprising 7 g of microalgae of the species Scenedesmus sp. dehydrated and 28g of water is introduced into a sealed stainless steel reactor.
- the air is purged and replaced with nitrogen at a pressure of 0.1 MPa.
- the reactor temperature is raised to 275 ° C at 5 ° C / min.
- the reactor pressure increases to 5.7 MPa when the reactor temperature is 275 ° C.
- the reactor is left for 30 minutes under these conditions: 275 ° C. and 5.7 MPa.
- the heating system is then cut off and the reactor is allowed to warm to room temperature, the temperature decreases by about 2 ° C / min.
- the contents of the reactor consist of a hydrophilic phase of orange color and a hydrophobic phase of black color, the hydrophobic phase constitutes about 56% of the dry mass of microalgae.
- the phases are separated by simple gravity.
- the hydrophobic phase can be used as a binder as it is or after drying. If it still contains a little water, the water contained can be used to lather the assembly during the coating of granulate.
- the drop of the lube oil module is of the same order as that of a conventional bitumen. This liquefaction oil can therefore be used to prepare a mix.
- Example 1 The protocol of Example 1 was repeated by varying the temperature and the loading rate, that is to say the ratio of the volume of the biomass to the volume of the reactor.
- reaction temperatures 260 ° C, 285 ° C and 300 ° C and three loading rates 0.35, 0.5 and 0.65.
- the complex shear modules of the hydrophobic phases thus obtained were measured at 20 ° C., 1 Hz.
- thermo-regulated annular shear device consisting of a piston and a ring.
- the piston is driven in motion to describe a sinusoidal up-and-down movement.
- the amplitude d (t) is chosen so as to remain in the material linearity range.
- the resulting force F (t), itself sinusoidal, is measured.
- the phase difference between the two signals is noted ⁇ .
- the complex shear modulus G * is defined as
- modulus values are expressed in shear. These modules are intrinsic values. They can be obtained with other modes of stress (eg in plane-plane torsion, cone-plane torsion).
- Figure 1 shows the values of the standard of shear complex modules as a function of the loading rate for these three oils.
- the standard values of complex shear modules measured on conventional bituminous binders are also presented in FIG.
- the viscoelastic materials according to the present invention have standard values of shear complex modules of the order of those of conventional bituminous binders.
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1359293A FR3011002B1 (fr) | 2013-09-26 | 2013-09-26 | Materiau viscoelastique obtenu par liquefaction hydrothermale de microalgues |
| PCT/IB2014/064829 WO2015044891A1 (fr) | 2013-09-26 | 2014-09-25 | Materiau viscoelastique obtenu par liquefaction hydrothermale de microalgues |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3049462A1 true EP3049462A1 (fr) | 2016-08-03 |
Family
ID=49816984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14789407.5A Withdrawn EP3049462A1 (fr) | 2013-09-26 | 2014-09-25 | Materiau viscoelastique obtenu par liquefaction hydrothermale de microalgues |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3049462A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3011002B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015044891A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107151055B (zh) * | 2017-06-01 | 2021-01-01 | 中国农业大学 | 一种畜禽废水环境增值利用的方法 |
| EP3556827A1 (fr) | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-23 | SARL Valochem | Procédé de préparation de composition de bitume polymère réticulé à faible émission d'h2s et application de ces compositions à la réalisation de revêtements |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI80286C (fi) | 1987-08-27 | 1990-05-10 | O Pinomaa Ky | Ny, faergbar gatubelaeggning. |
| US6258859B1 (en) | 1997-06-10 | 2001-07-10 | Rhodia, Inc. | Viscoelastic surfactant fluids and related methods of use |
| FR2853647B1 (fr) | 2003-04-08 | 2006-06-23 | Colas Sa | Liant de nature vegetale pour la realisation de materiaux pour le batiment et/ou les travaux publics |
| CN101591573A (zh) * | 2009-07-02 | 2009-12-02 | 复旦大学 | 一种将藻类水热液化制备液体燃料的方法 |
| FR2955586B1 (fr) | 2010-01-28 | 2013-02-08 | Eurovia | Liant synthetique essentiellement a base de matieres issues de ressources renouvelables, en particulier d'origine vegetale, et ses applications en technique routiere |
| US20130123469A1 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2013-05-16 | Old Dominion University Research Foundation | Fractionation of proteins and lipids from microalgae |
| US9200208B2 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2015-12-01 | Sapphire Energy, Inc. | Compositions of matter comprising extracted algae oil |
| WO2013063085A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-05-02 | Washington State University Research Foundation | Liquéfaction hydrothermique séquentielle (seqhtl) pour l'extraction d'une bio-huile supérieure et d'autres composés organiques à partir d'une biomasse oléagineuse |
-
2013
- 2013-09-26 FR FR1359293A patent/FR3011002B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-25 EP EP14789407.5A patent/EP3049462A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-09-25 WO PCT/IB2014/064829 patent/WO2015044891A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2015044891A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3011002A1 (fr) | 2015-03-27 |
| FR3011002B1 (fr) | 2017-12-22 |
| WO2015044891A1 (fr) | 2015-04-02 |
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