Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F25D23/00—General constructional features
  • F25D23/06—Walls
  • F25D23/062—Walls defining a cabinet
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
  • B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
  • B65D81/3802—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container in the form of a barrel or vat
  • B65D81/3804—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container in the form of a barrel or vat formed of foam material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F25D2201/00—Insulation
  • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
  • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for evacuating a VakuumdämmSystems.
• VakuumdämmSystem come for example in the thermal insulation in cooling or. Freezers for use.
• a vacuum insulation body is arranged in the region between the outer jacket of the device and the inner container to be cooled in order to achieve a sufficiently high thermal insulation by means of the principle of vacuum thermal insulation between the outside and inside of the device to be insulated.
• a diffusion-tight envelope which usually surrounds a core material, which gives the vacuum insulation body after an evacuation process the corresponding dimensional stability and at the same time prevents the inner walls of the vacuum insulation body lie directly against each other.
• a diffusion-tight envelope is preferably understood to be an envelope by means of which the gas entry into the vacuum insulation body is so greatly reduced that the increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body due to the introduction of gas is sufficiently low over its service life.
• the life span is, for example, a period of 15 years, preferably 20 years and more preferably 30 years.
• the increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body due to the introduction of gas is ⁇ 100% and particularly preferably ⁇ 50% over its service life.
• the area-specific gas passage rate of the shell is less than 10 -5 mbar * l / s * m 2, and more preferably less than 10 -6 mbar * l / s * m 2 (measured according to ASTM D-3985).
• This gas passage rate applies to nitrogen and oxygen.
• low gas throughput rates are preferably in the range of less than 10 -2 mbar * l / s * m 2 and particularly preferably in the range of less than 10 -3 mbar * l / s * m 2 (measured according to ASTM F -1249-90).
• the above-mentioned small increases in the thermal conductivity are achieved by these low gas passage rates.
• the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method in which the time that a vacuum insulation body must be connected to an evacuation device can be reduced. This brings both the advantages of a reduced cost burden in the production of the vacuum insulation body as well as an overall more efficient manufacturing process of the vacuum insulation body or a refrigeration device containing the vacuum insulation body with it.
• the vacuum insulation body to be evacuated contains a sorptive material and the vacuum insulation body is evacuated to a first pressure level via an evacuation device, which is vacuum-tightly sealed to the first pressure level evacuated vacuum insulation body, so that gas molecules diffuse to the sorptive material present in the vacuum body, and the evacuated to the first pressure level VakuumdämmSystem is evacuated to a second pressure level.
• the vacuum insulation body to be evacuated contains a sorptive material.
• the vacuum insulation body thus encloses a sorptive material with its internal dimensions.
• a sorptive material describes a material that is capable of absorbing foreign molecules from its environment. This process is commonly referred to as sorption.
• the vacuum insulation body is evacuated during a first evacuation process only for a comparatively short time, so that the vacuum insulation body or the interior of the vacuum insulation body is at a first specific pressure level. Thereafter, the VakuumdämmSystem which has been evacuated to the first pressure level, sealed vacuum-tight, so that the existing in the vacuum insulation body sorptive material from the sealed environment of Vakuumdämmoasainneren foreign molecules can accommodate.
• sorptive material is also commonly referred to as a sorption pump, since the sorptive material causes a certain transport effect on those same molecules by the uptake of foreign molecules present in its environment.
• the vacuum insulation body is then evacuated again and thereby brought to a second pressure level.
• An advantage of this method is that according to the invention, the vacuum insulation body in a first evacuation must be connected to an evacuation device only for a relatively short time and the sorptive material can continue a "suction effect" during a sealed state. The air particles taken up by the sorptive material can then be removed more easily in a second evacuation process.
• the insulating body is decoupled from the vacuum pump, with any evacuation connection remaining on the vacuum body.
• the Evakuierstutzen is designed to vacuum-tight seal the Vakuumdämmisson using a check valve. If the vacuum insulation body located at a first pressure level is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner, it is now possible, for example, for another external production step on the vacuum body be performed so that the vacuum insulation body contributes in its final form for the insulation of a refrigeration device. This can be, for example, the completion of the outer shell and / or the refrigeration technology or the like. In this case, it is also possible that further production steps can be performed without an evacuation line attached to the vacuum insulation body, which considerably simplifies the execution of the production steps.
• the sorptive material acts as a sorption pump.
• the sorptive material present in the vacuum body is heated so that it releases a part of the gas molecules accommodated in the sorptive material and evacuation feeds.
• step C during execution of step C, namely, re-evacuating the vacuum insulation body evacuated to the first pressure level to a second pressure level, the sorptive material present in the vacuum body is heated to make part of the collected gas molecules similar to that above described procedure and the evacuation feeds.
• heating the sorptive material results in release of the foreign molecules bound in the sorptive material, which can be more easily withdrawn during a subsequent evacuation process.
• the sorptive material from an existing temperature level is cooled and / or cooled by itself, so that in the vacuum body existing gas molecules are absorbed by the sorptive material to these evacuation in step C, namely the evacuating again evacuated to the first pressure level Vacuum insulation body to a second pressure level, supply.
• sorptive material By cooling a sorptive material foreign molecules are increasingly taken up in the vicinity of the sorptive material. For the effect of an increasing absorption capacity of the sorptive material, it is of minor importance whether the sorptive material has been previously heated, or is cooled or cooled from an existing temperature level.
• Combinations of heating and cooling or cooling of the sorptive material are also considered to be particularly advantageous, since in this case the described advantageous aspects occur particularly pronounced.
• a certain period of time is inserted between the steps B and C, namely between the vacuum-tight sealing of the vacuum insulation body evacuated to the first pressure level and the renewed evacuation of the vacuum insulation body evacuated to the first pressure level to a second pressure level Diffusion of the gas molecules can take place towards the sorptive material.
• This certain period of time is preferably more than three minutes, more preferably more than 15 minutes, most preferably more than 60 minutes and most preferably more than 240 minutes.
• the sorptive material which is present in the vacuum insulation body is arranged in a region near an evacuation nozzle.
• the sorptive material is no further than 45 cm, more preferably no further than 30 cm, most preferably no further than 15 cm, and most preferably no further than 7 cm from a vacuum through the evacuation nozzle the opening formed in the vacuum body.
• the Evakuierstutzen is a simple coupling device to which an evacuation device can be connected to the vacuum insulation body.
• Arranging the sorptive material near this evacuation nozzle has several advantages.
• no additional path has to be covered by a core material usually present in the vacuum insulation body.
• the gas molecules taken up by the sorptive material are already close to the evacuation nozzle, which facilitates evacuation of the vacuum insulation body.
• the first pressure level is above the second pressure level.
• the first pressure level is a pressure level at which diffusion processes through a core material located in the vacuum body limits the speed of the evacuation process.
• the gas which has in the meantime diffused to the sorptive material can preferably be expelled by heating the sorptive material.
• the sorptive material is also arranged in the vicinity of the evacuation nozzle, migration of the gas diffused to the sorptive material into the core material is effectively prevented since favorable flow conditions to the pump are present and movement of the gas molecules from this is only possible with difficulty.
• steps B and C namely the vacuum-tight sealing of an evacuated vacuum insulation body and the renewed evacuation of the evacuated vacuum insulation body, can be repeated several times in succession.
• the vacuum insulation body is a heat insulation body of a thermally insulated container, preferably a refrigerator and / or freezer.
• the container has a body with an inner container and an outer wall, wherein there is at least one intermediate space between the inner container and the outer wall, and wherein the method is carried out on a Vakuumdämmanalysis, which is located within this space.
• the container has a closure element with an inner wall and an outer wall, wherein there is at least one intermediate space between the inner wall and the outer wall, and wherein the method is performed on a Vakuumdämm emotions which is located within this space.
• At least one and preferably all evacuation steps of the method according to the invention are preferably carried out, while normal or ambient pressure prevails outside of the vacuum insulation body or outside of its envelope.
• the evacuation is then carried out by connecting a suitable incorporated in the envelope of the vacuum insulation body interface, such as an evacuation nozzle, which may have a valve, to a vacuum pump.
• a suitable incorporated in the envelope of the vacuum insulation body interface such as an evacuation nozzle, which may have a valve
• it is preferably not necessary at any time to introduce the vacuum insulation body or its sheath into a vacuum chamber. In this respect, it is possible to dispense with a vacuum chamber in one embodiment of the method.
• the invention further relates to a thermally insulated container, preferably a refrigerator and / or freezer, which comprises a Vakuumdämmanalysis which has been evacuated according to one of the preceding embodiments.
• the vacuum insulation body may be contained in a closure element, a door or a body of the container or refrigerator and / or freezer.
• the temperature-controlled interior is either cooled or heated depending on the type of appliance (cooling unit, heating cabinet etc.).
• heat-insulated containers have at least one temperature-controlled internal space, it being possible for it to be cooled or heated so that a temperature below or above the ambient temperature of e.g. 21 ° C results.
• the invention is therefore not limited to refrigerators and / or freezers but generally relates to appliances with a temperature-controlled interior, for example, heat cabinets or heat chutes.
• the container according to the invention or the container whose insulation comprises a vacuum insulation body evacuated in the context of a method according to the invention is a refrigerator and / or freezer, in particular a domestic appliance or a commercial refrigerator ,
• a refrigerator and / or freezer in particular a domestic appliance or a commercial refrigerator
• such devices are included, which are designed for a stationary arrangement in the home, in a hotel room, in a commercial kitchen or in a bar.
• it may also be a wine refrigerator.
• refrigerated and / or freezers are also included in the invention.
• the devices according to the invention may have an interface for connection to a power supply, in particular to a household power grid (eg a plug) and / or a standing or installation aid such as feet or interface for fixing within a furniture niche.
• the device may be a built-in device or a stand-alone device.
• the container or the device is designed such that it is connected to an AC voltage, such as a home voltage of e.g. 120 V and 60 Hz or 230 V and 50 Hz can be operated.
• a home voltage e.g. 120 V and 60 Hz or 230 V and 50 Hz
• the container or the device is designed such that it can be operated with direct current of a voltage of, for example, 5 V, 12 V or 24 V.
• a plug-in power supply is provided inside or outside the device, via which the device is operated. Operation with DC voltage can be used in particular when the container has a thermoelectric heat pump for controlling the temperature of the interior.
• the refrigerator and / or freezer has a cabinet-like shape and has a usable space which is accessible to a user at its front side (in the case of a chest at the top).
• the working space can be subdivided into several compartments, which are all operated at the same or at different temperatures. Alternatively, only one compartment can be provided.
• storage aids such as storage compartments, drawers or bottle holders (in the case of a chest also room divider) may be provided to ensure optimum storage of refrigerated or frozen goods and optimum space utilization.
• the useful space can be closed by at least one door pivotable about a vertical axis.
• a flap pivotable about a horizontal axis or a sliding lid is conceivable as a closure element.
• the door or other closure element can be in the closed state by means of a peripheral magnetic seal with the body substantially airtight in combination.
• the door or another Heat-insulated closure element wherein the heat insulation can be achieved by means of a foaming and optionally by means of vacuum insulation panels, or preferably by means of a vacuum system and particularly preferably by means of a full vacuum system.
• door racks can be provided on the inside of the door in order to be able to store refrigerated goods there as well.
• the work space defined by the inner wall of the container has, for example, a volume of less than 0.5 m 3 , less than 0.4 m 3 or less than 0.3 m 3 .
• the outer dimensions of the container or device are preferably in the range up to 1 m in terms of height, width and depth.
• a container it may be in the context of a method according to the invention evacuated vacuum insulation with respect to such a container to a full vacuum system.
• This is to be understood as a thermal insulation which consists exclusively or predominantly of an evacuated area which is filled with a core material.
• the limitation of this range can be formed for example by a vacuum-tight film and preferably by a high-barrier film.
• thermal insulation between the inner container and the outer wall as thermal insulation, only such a film body is present, which has a region surrounded by a vacuum-tight film in which vacuum prevails and in which a core material is arranged.
• a foaming and / or Vakuumisolationspaneele as thermal insulation or other thermal insulation except the full vacuum system between the inside and the outside of the container or device are preferably not provided.
• This preferred type of thermal insulation in the form of a full vacuum system may be between the inner container and the outer wall of the body and / or extend between the inner wall and the outer wall of the closure element, such as a door, flap, lid or the like.
• an inner container is provided and connected along the leading edges to an incomplete stand of an outer container, with the rear wall of the outer container being missing.
• a gap is formed, which is lined in the process in any way with a vacuum-tight film, the resulting film bag having an open back of the scaffold facing opening, which preferably substantially the entire rear surface of the intermediate product Device occupies.
• an evacuation nozzle is incorporated in the covering film, which can be connected to a vacuum pump.
• a reservoir is arranged with a sorptiven material within the filled with the pearl slurry interior.
• this reservoir comprises a gas-permeable bag, which is in communication with the cover and was incorporated in the cover before welding.
• this evacuation nozzle is now connected to a vacuum pump and it is evacuated for a short time, for example less than 5 minutes. Then the vacuum pump is uncoupled and the evacuation nozzle sealed airtight. In a break of several hours, remaining gas molecules are adsorbed on the sorptive material near the evacuation nozzle. Now, in a further step, the evacuation nozzle is again connected to a vacuum pump and it is evacuated for a short time, for example, less than 5 minutes.
• the pressure levels in the first and second steps may be different or identical. Due to the proximity of the sorptive material to the evacuation nozzle, the paths for the gas are short and much of the gas adsorbed to the sorptive material can be withdrawn in this second evacuation step. Thus, a good vacuum can be achieved with a comparatively short evacuation time.

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Citations (4)

• 2015
  • 2015-10-30 EP EP15192366.1A patent/EP3048065B1/fr active Active

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