EP3046124A1 - Switch and protective device for high voltage on-board networks - Google Patents

Switch and protective device for high voltage on-board networks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3046124A1
EP3046124A1 EP15194104.4A EP15194104A EP3046124A1 EP 3046124 A1 EP3046124 A1 EP 3046124A1 EP 15194104 A EP15194104 A EP 15194104A EP 3046124 A1 EP3046124 A1 EP 3046124A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bridge
switching
contacts
fuse
protection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15194104.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3046124B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Minke
Karsten Haupt
Ernst-Dieter Wilkening
Hendrik-Christian Köpf
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3046124A1 publication Critical patent/EP3046124A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3046124B1 publication Critical patent/EP3046124B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/16—Adaptation for built-in fuse
    • H01H21/165—Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable contact parts of, the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
    • H01H9/102—Fuses mounted on or constituting the movable contact parts of the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H2085/386—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc with magnetic or electrodynamic arc-blowing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2223/00—Casings
    • H01H2223/002—Casings sealed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/021—Bases; Casings; Covers structurally combining a relay and an electronic component, e.g. varistor, RC circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching and protective device for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems, in particular for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems in a motor vehicle.
  • Switching and protective devices for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems are used to guide the nominal current and possibly a temporary overcurrent of the high-voltage on-board electrical system.
  • the high-voltage electrical system is preferably separated all poles at each turn-off.
  • the protective device serves to separate a high-voltage battery in the case of fault currents that are greater than the overcurrents.
  • the protective devices are usually designed as fuses.
  • the switching devices are preferably designed as a DC voltage switch in the form of a relay. Embodiments are also possible in all-pole disconnections, where a switching device is designed as a relay and a switching device as a power semiconductor.
  • the fuses usually used are hermetically sealed fuses with ceramic or plastic housings in which several fuse links with defined bottlenecks are connected in parallel.
  • the housings are additionally filled with an extinguishing medium such as sand.
  • the requirements in a high-voltage vehicle electrical system for motor vehicles in particular make high demands with regard to the tripping characteristic.
  • the permissible overcurrents can be relatively high.
  • due to the parallel connection production-related component tolerances are taken into account, which thus increases the turn-off times to be achieved.
  • an arc quenching device for an electrical installation switching device wherein the service switching device comprises a formed of a fixed and a movable contract item contact point.
  • the arc quenching device comprises a plurality of arc quenching plates having arc quenching package.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of providing a switching and protective device that requires less space.
  • the switching and protection device for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems includes a DC voltage switch and a fuse.
  • the DC voltage switch has a housing, at least two fixed contacts and a bridge, wherein the bridge is designed to be movable relative to the fixed contacts, wherein the bridge is moved by means of a linkage, for example, against a spring.
  • the housing is preferably hermetic, i. gas-tight, trained.
  • the bridge is formed of an electrical insulator, wherein on the bridge, two contacts are arranged, which are arranged on the bridge, that they contact in a movement of the bridge in the direction of the fixed contacts, the two contacts on the bridge through the Fuse are connected together.
  • the fuse is integrated into the switching device, which leads to a slight increase in the space of the switching device, but this leads to the elimination of the external fuse with its hermetic housing to an overall reduced space.
  • Another advantage is that the tripping characteristic of the integrated fuse can be set more precisely so that even reduced switch-off times can be achieved.
  • the contacts are bolted or potted or injected with the bridge.
  • the fuse is formed as a wire, which is arranged above the bridge between the contacts.
  • the wire is made of copper. If the wire is thermally overloaded during a fault current flow, the wire evaporates explosively. The resulting pressure waves and changes in the conductance of the wire or the switching arc occurring lead due to the explosion process to a voltage jump or a firing peak of the arc voltage. If the jump or the firing peak of the arc voltage exceeds the driving voltage, this leads in the case of resistive loads or ohmic-inductive loads to an extinction of the switching arc.
  • the fuse may also be formed on the bridge as conductor track.
  • the fuse is partially or completely embedded in the bridge.
  • Fully embedded means that the fuse is completely enclosed by the insulating material of the bridge (with the exception of the contact points to the contacts).
  • the embedding in the insulating material of the bridge allows an even more compact design. To ensure the deletion of the switching arc while various additional measures are possible.
  • the bridge consists of a highly outgassing at the melting temperature of the fuse material such as preferably plexiglass or polyoxymethylene. This results in a large increase in pressure due to the formation of gas as well as simultaneous cooling by the chemical decomposition processes in the switching device, causing the erasing operation.
  • the bridge may also consist of a ceramic or more generally of a erosion-resistant, electrically insulating and thermally conductive material.
  • the basic idea is to extract thermal energy from the arc via the thermal conductivity of the material of the bridge in order to extinguish it.
  • electrically conductive rails are arranged parallel to the fixed contacts, between which an insulating body is arranged, which in each case has a gap relative to the rails.
  • the basic principle is analogous to the strongly outgassing material. Through the running rail of the arc is pressed into the narrow gap where it extends along and locally heated the insulator locally. Thus, it comes to outgassing, with the increasing pressure leads to a quenching of the arc.
  • guide structures preferably wedge-shaped structures, can be arranged on the bridge, which are designed such that they direct the arc between the running rail and the insulating body, so as to accelerate the extinction.
  • quenching plates are arranged above the bridge, which are preferably arranged in parallel.
  • the quenching plates are further preferably made of brass or iron, which then form so-called magnetic splitter plate packages. Due to the magnetization they suck the arc between the sheets, which leads to a Series connection of multiple arcs leads, which then force the current to be disconnected to zero due to the overall higher arc voltage.
  • the relatively cold quenching plates additionally remove heat energy from the arcs, which leads to an increase in the resistance of the arcs. This leads to a fast extinction of the arcs.
  • an insulating body is arranged such that it is moved when melting the fuse between the contacts, so as to interrupt the arc.
  • the insulating body is preferably wedge-shaped. The movement of the insulating body can be triggered for example by means of a pyrotechnic propellant charge. Alternatively, a preloaded spring can be used, which relaxes when melting the fuse.
  • a switching and protective device 1 is shown in a first embodiment.
  • the switching and protective device 1 has a hermetic housing 2, are led out of the two fixed contacts 3.
  • HV lines 4 can then be connected, which then connect, for example, the switching and protection device 1 with a HV battery, not shown, and a DC link.
  • the switching and protection device 1 on a bridge 5, which consists of an electrical insulator.
  • the bridge 5 is connected to a linkage 6, which is guided downward from the housing 2.
  • the linkage 6 is movable by a magnetic force against a spring or a similar actuator upwards.
  • the bridge 5 is connected to two contact elements 7.
  • the contact elements 7 each have a contact 8 and a hollow cylinder 9, which are interconnected by a base member 10.
  • a fuse 12 is arranged in the form of a wire 11 electrically conductive.
  • the connection between wire 11 and hollow cylinder 9 may be, for example, a clamping or screw connection. Other types of attachment are possible, but the attachment must be thermally stable.
  • the contact element 7 is then screwed to the bridge.
  • the connection between contact element 7 and bridge 5 can be made by alternative attachment methods. In this case, then the hollow cylinder 9 can also be replaced by another element for receiving the wire 11.
  • Hollow cylinder 9 and base member 10 are preferably in one piece.
  • the contact 8 is used in the illustrated embodiment as a separate part in the base member 10, but may also be integrally formed therewith. The contact 8 is matched to the shape and position of the fixed contacts 3.
  • the wire 11 is dimensioned such that it can carry the rated current as well as the operational overcurrent, whereas in case of fault currents greater than a threshold value, it evaporates explosively via the overcurrents.
  • the tripping characteristic of the wire 11 can be set very well in comparison to the prior art, so that the triggering can be faster and more reliable.
  • a rod 6 associated coil (not shown) is energized and due to a magnetic force, the linkage 6 moves against a spring force upwards. Then touch the contacts 8 and the fixed contacts 3, the electrical connection between the fixed contacts 3 is made.
  • the wire evaporates 11, wherein a forming arc is extinguished by means of the pressure increase due to the explosive evaporation.
  • the contacts 8 and the fixed contacts 3 preferably remain in contact so as not to form another arc.
  • FIG. 2 an alternative embodiment for the switching and protective device 1 is shown, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the cut compared to Fig. 1 was put differently.
  • the contact element 7 again has a contact 8 and a base element 10, which are riveted or soldered together, for example, which is indicated by the dashed line. Alternatively, these may be formed in one piece or the contact 8 is inserted into the base member 10.
  • the base member 10 is preferably bolted to the bridge 5, which is also indicated by the dashed line. Between the two base elements 10 is the fuse 12, which is partially embedded in the bridge 5 (also indicated by dashed lines). The connection between the fuse 12 and the base elements 10 is for example a plug connection.
  • the bridge 5 is preferably made of a strong outgassing material such as Plexiglas or POM (polyoxymethylene).
  • a further alternative embodiment for the switching and protective device 1 is shown, wherein the same elements are again provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the switching device is shown in the closed state, ie, the contacts 8 contact the fixed contacts 3.
  • the switching and protection device 1 has two rails 13, each extending parallel to the fixed contacts 3 and are screwed to them.
  • an insulating body 14 is arranged, which has in each case a gap on the rails 13 opposite sides. The gap runs parallel to the rails 13.
  • the insulating body 14 consists of a highly gassing material such as Plexiglas or POM.
  • the insulating body 14 is screwed to the housing 2, for example.
  • two conductive structures 15 are further arranged, between which the fuse 12 extends.
  • the lead structures 15 are wedge-shaped and screwed, for example, with the base elements 10.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung (1) für Hochvolt-Bordnetze, umfassend einen Gleichspannungsschalter und eine Schmelzsicherung (12), wobei der Gleichspannungsschalter ein Gehäuse (2), mindestens zwei feststehende Kontakte (3) und eine Brücke (5), die beweglich zu den feststehenden Kontakten (3) ausgebildet ist, aufweist, wobei die Brücke (5) aus einem elektrischen Isolator gebildet ist, wobei auf der Brücke (5) zwei Kontakte (8) angeordnet sind, die derart auf der Brücke (5) angeordnet sind, dass diese bei einer Bewegung der Brücke (5) in Richtung der feststehenden Kontakte (3) die feststehenden Kontakte (3) kontaktieren, wobei die beiden auf der Brücke (5) angeordneten Kontakte (8) durch die Schmelzsicherung (12) miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind.The invention relates to a switching and protective device (1) for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems, comprising a DC voltage switch and a fuse (12), wherein the DC voltage switch housing (2), at least two fixed contacts (3) and a bridge (5) movable to the fixed contacts (3) is formed, wherein the bridge (5) is formed of an electrical insulator, wherein on the bridge (5) two contacts (8) are arranged, which are arranged on the bridge (5) in that, when the bridge (5) moves in the direction of the stationary contacts (3), they contact the fixed contacts (3), wherein the two contacts (8) arranged on the bridge (5) are electrically connected to one another by the fuse (12) are connected.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung für Hochvolt-Bordnetze, insbesondere für Hochvolt-Bordnetze in einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a switching and protective device for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems, in particular for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems in a motor vehicle.

Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtungen für Hochvolt-Bordnetze dienen dazu, den Nennstrom sowie einen gegebenenfalls vorübergehenden Überstrom des Hochvolt-Bordnetzes zu führen. Über die Schalteinrichtung wird das Hochvolt-Bordnetz bei jedem Ausschaltvorgang vorzugsweise allpolig getrennt. Die Schutzeinrichtung dient hingegen zur Trennung einer Hochvolt-Batterie bei Fehlerströmen, die größer als die Überströme sind. Die Schutzeinrichtungen sind dabei üblicherweise als Schmelzsicherungen ausgebildet. Die Schalteinrichtungen sind vorzugsweise als Gleichspannungsschalter in Form eines Relais ausgebildet. Dabei sind bei allpoligen Trennungen auch Ausführungsformen möglich, wo eine Schalteinrichtung als Relais und eine Schalteinrichtung als Leistungshalbleiter ausgebildet ist.Switching and protective devices for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems are used to guide the nominal current and possibly a temporary overcurrent of the high-voltage on-board electrical system. About the switching device, the high-voltage electrical system is preferably separated all poles at each turn-off. On the other hand, the protective device serves to separate a high-voltage battery in the case of fault currents that are greater than the overcurrents. The protective devices are usually designed as fuses. The switching devices are preferably designed as a DC voltage switch in the form of a relay. Embodiments are also possible in all-pole disconnections, where a switching device is designed as a relay and a switching device as a power semiconductor.

Die üblicherweise eingesetzten Schmelzsicherungen sind hermetisch abgedichtete Sicherungen mit Keramik- oder Kunststoffgehäusen, in denen mehrere Schmelzleiter mit definierten Engstellen parallel geschaltet sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Gehäuse zusätzlich mit einem Löschmedium wie beispielsweise Sand gefüllt.The fuses usually used are hermetically sealed fuses with ceramic or plastic housings in which several fuse links with defined bottlenecks are connected in parallel. Preferably, the housings are additionally filled with an extinguishing medium such as sand.

Neben dem dadurch nicht zu vernachlässigenden Bauraum der Schmelzsicherungen stellen insbesondere die Anforderungen in einem Hochvolt-Bordnetz für Kraftfahrzeuge bezüglich der Auslösecharakteristik hohe Anforderungen. So können beispielsweise die zulässigen Überströme relativ hoch sein. Des Weiteren sind durch die Parallelschaltung fertigungsbedingte Bauteiltoleranzen zu berücksichtigen, was somit die zu erreichenden Ausschaltzeiten vergrößert.In addition to the installation space of the fuses, which is not to be neglected, the requirements in a high-voltage vehicle electrical system for motor vehicles in particular make high demands with regard to the tripping characteristic. For example, the permissible overcurrents can be relatively high. Furthermore, due to the parallel connection production-related component tolerances are taken into account, which thus increases the turn-off times to be achieved.

Aus der DE 20 2012 013 107 U1 ist eine Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung für ein elektrisches Installationsschaltgerät bekannt, wobei das Installationsschaltgerät eine aus einem feststehenden und einem beweglichen Kontraktstück gebildete Kontaktstelle umfasst. Dabei umfasst die Lichtbogenlöscheinrichtung ein mehrere Lichtbogenlöschbleche aufweisendes Lichtbogenlöschpaket.From the DE 20 2012 013 107 U1 an arc quenching device for an electrical installation switching device is known, wherein the service switching device comprises a formed of a fixed and a movable contract item contact point. In this case, the arc quenching device comprises a plurality of arc quenching plates having arc quenching package.

Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung zu schaffen, die weniger Bauraum benötigt.The invention is based on the technical problem of providing a switching and protective device that requires less space.

Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The solution of the technical problem results from a switching and protective device having the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Hierzu umfasst die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung für Hochvolt-Bordnetze einen Gleichspannungsschalter und eine Schmelzsicherung. Der Gleichspannungsschalter weist ein Gehäuse, mindestens zwei feststehende Kontakte und eine Brücke auf, wobei die Brücke beweglich zu den feststehenden Kontakten ausgebildet ist, wobei die Brücke beispielsweise mittels eines Gestänges gegen eine Feder bewegt wird. Das Gehäuse ist dabei vorzugsweise hermetisch, d.h. gasdicht, ausgebildet. Die Brücke ist aus einem elektrischen Isolator gebildet, wobei auf der Brücke zwei Kontakte angeordnet sind, die derart auf der Brücke angeordnet sind, dass diese bei einer Bewegung der Brücke in Richtung der feststehenden Kontakte diese kontaktieren, wobei die beiden Kontakte auf der Brücke durch die Schmelzsicherung miteinander verbunden sind. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird die Schmelzsicherung in die Schalteinrichtung integriert, was zu einer geringfügigen Vergrößerung des Bauraums der Schalteinrichtung führt, was aber durch den Wegfall der externen Schmelzsicherung mit ihrem hermetischen Gehäuse zu einem insgesamt verringerten Bauraum führt. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass sich die Auslösecharakteristik der integrierten Schmelzsicherung genauer einstellen lässt, sodass auch verringerte Ausschaltzeiten erreichbar sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Kontakte mit der Brücke verschraubt oder vergossen oder eingespritzt.For this purpose, the switching and protection device for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems includes a DC voltage switch and a fuse. The DC voltage switch has a housing, at least two fixed contacts and a bridge, wherein the bridge is designed to be movable relative to the fixed contacts, wherein the bridge is moved by means of a linkage, for example, against a spring. The housing is preferably hermetic, i. gas-tight, trained. The bridge is formed of an electrical insulator, wherein on the bridge, two contacts are arranged, which are arranged on the bridge, that they contact in a movement of the bridge in the direction of the fixed contacts, the two contacts on the bridge through the Fuse are connected together. With this configuration, the fuse is integrated into the switching device, which leads to a slight increase in the space of the switching device, but this leads to the elimination of the external fuse with its hermetic housing to an overall reduced space. Another advantage is that the tripping characteristic of the integrated fuse can be set more precisely so that even reduced switch-off times can be achieved. Preferably, the contacts are bolted or potted or injected with the bridge.

In einer Ausführungsform ist die Schmelzsicherung als Draht ausgebildet, der oberhalb der Brücke zwischen den Kontakten angeordnet ist. Beispielsweise ist der Draht aus Kupfer. Wird während eines Fehlerstromflusses der Draht thermisch überlastet, verdampft der Draht explosionsartig. Die hierbei auftretenden Druckwellen und Veränderungen des Leitwertes des Drahtes bzw. des auftretenden Schaltlichtbogens führen aufgrund des Explosionsvorganges zu einem Spannungssprung bzw. einer Zündspitze der Lichtbogenspannung. Wenn der Sprung bzw. die Zündspitze der Lichtbogenspannung die treibende Spannung übersteigt, führt dies im Fall ohmscher Lasten oder ohmsch-induktiver Lasten zu einem Verlöschen des Schaltlichtbogens.In one embodiment, the fuse is formed as a wire, which is arranged above the bridge between the contacts. For example, the wire is made of copper. If the wire is thermally overloaded during a fault current flow, the wire evaporates explosively. The resulting pressure waves and changes in the conductance of the wire or the switching arc occurring lead due to the explosion process to a voltage jump or a firing peak of the arc voltage. If the jump or the firing peak of the arc voltage exceeds the driving voltage, this leads in the case of resistive loads or ohmic-inductive loads to an extinction of the switching arc.

Alternativ kann die Schmelzsicherung auch auf der Brücke als Leiterbahnzug ausgebildet sein.Alternatively, the fuse may also be formed on the bridge as conductor track.

In einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsform ist die Schmelzsicherung teilweise oder vollständig in die Brücke eingebettet. Vollständig eingebettet bedeutet dabei, dass die Schmelzsicherung komplett von dem Isolierstoff der Brücke umschlossen ist (mit Ausnahme der Kontaktierungsstellen zu den Kontakten). Die Einbettung in den Isolierstoff der Brücke erlaubt dabei eine noch kompaktere Bauform. Zur Sicherstellung des Löschens des Schaltlichtbogens sind dabei verschiedene ergänzende Maßnahmen möglich.In a further alternative embodiment, the fuse is partially or completely embedded in the bridge. Fully embedded means that the fuse is completely enclosed by the insulating material of the bridge (with the exception of the contact points to the contacts). The embedding in the insulating material of the bridge allows an even more compact design. To ensure the deletion of the switching arc while various additional measures are possible.

In einer Ausführungsform besteht die Brücke aus einem bei der Schmelztemperatur der Schmelzsicherung stark ausgasenden Material wie vorzugsweise Plexiglas oder Polyoxymethylen. Dies führt zu einem starken Druckanstieg aufgrund der Gasbildung sowie einer gleichzeitigen Kühlung durch die chemischen Zersetzungsvorgänge in der Schalteinrichtung, was den Löschvorgang bewirkt.In one embodiment, the bridge consists of a highly outgassing at the melting temperature of the fuse material such as preferably plexiglass or polyoxymethylene. This results in a large increase in pressure due to the formation of gas as well as simultaneous cooling by the chemical decomposition processes in the switching device, causing the erasing operation.

Alternativ kann die Brücke auch aus einer Keramik bestehen oder allgemeiner aus einem abbrandfesten, elektrisch isolierenden und thermisch leitfähigen Material. Der Grundgedanke dabei ist, dem Lichtbogen über die thermische Leitfähigkeit des Materials der Brücke thermische Energie zu entziehen, um ihn so zum Verlöschen zu bringen.Alternatively, the bridge may also consist of a ceramic or more generally of a erosion-resistant, electrically insulating and thermally conductive material. The basic idea is to extract thermal energy from the arc via the thermal conductivity of the material of the bridge in order to extinguish it.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform, die vorzugsweise zum Einsatz kommt, wenn die Schmelzsicherung nur teilweise eingebettet ist, sind parallel zu den feststehenden Kontakten elektrisch leitende Laufschienen angeordnet, zwischen denen ein Isolierkörper angeordnet ist, der gegenüber den Laufschienen jeweils einen Spalt aufweist. Das Grundprinzip ist dabei analog dem stark ausgasenden Material. Durch die Laufschiene wird der Lichtbogen in den engen Spalt gedrückt, wo sich dieser entlang erstreckt und den Isolierkörper lokal stark erhitzt. Somit kommt es zu Ausgasungen, wobei der steigende Druck zu einem Löschen des Lichtbogens führt.In a further embodiment, which is preferably used when the fuse is only partially embedded, electrically conductive rails are arranged parallel to the fixed contacts, between which an insulating body is arranged, which in each case has a gap relative to the rails. The basic principle is analogous to the strongly outgassing material. Through the running rail of the arc is pressed into the narrow gap where it extends along and locally heated the insulator locally. Thus, it comes to outgassing, with the increasing pressure leads to a quenching of the arc.

Dabei können auf der Brücke Leitstrukturen, vorzugsweise keilförmige Strukturen, angeordnet sein, die derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese den Lichtbogen zwischen die Laufschiene und den Isolierkörper lenken, um so das Erlöschen zu beschleunigen.In this case, guide structures, preferably wedge-shaped structures, can be arranged on the bridge, which are designed such that they direct the arc between the running rail and the insulating body, so as to accelerate the extinction.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform sind oberhalb der Brücke Löschbleche angeordnet, die vorzugsweise parallel angeordnet sind. Die Löschbleche sind weiter vorzugsweise aus Messing oder Eisen, die dann sogenannte magnetische Löschblechpakete bilden. Aufgrund der Magnetisierung saugen diese den Lichtbogen zwischen die Bleche, was zu einer Reihenschaltung mehrerer Lichtbögen führt, die dann aufgrund der insgesamt höheren Bogenbrennspannung den abzuschaltenden Strom zu Null zwingen. Dabei entziehen die relativ kalten Löschbleche den Lichtbögen zusätzlich Wärmeenergie, was zu einer Widerstandserhöhung der Lichtbögen führt. Dies führt zu einem schnellen Verlöschen der Lichtbögen.In an alternative embodiment, quenching plates are arranged above the bridge, which are preferably arranged in parallel. The quenching plates are further preferably made of brass or iron, which then form so-called magnetic splitter plate packages. Due to the magnetization they suck the arc between the sheets, which leads to a Series connection of multiple arcs leads, which then force the current to be disconnected to zero due to the overall higher arc voltage. In the process, the relatively cold quenching plates additionally remove heat energy from the arcs, which leads to an increase in the resistance of the arcs. This leads to a fast extinction of the arcs.

In einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsform ist ein Isolierkörper derart angeordnet, dass dieser bei Schmelzen der Schmelzsicherung zwischen die Kontakte bewegt wird, um so den Lichtbogen zu unterbrechen. Der Isolierkörper ist dabei vorzugsweise keilförmig ausgebildet. Die Bewegung des Isolierkörpers kann dabei beispielsweise mittels eines pyrotechnischen Treibsatzes ausgelöst werden. Alternativ kann eine vorgespannte Feder zum Einsatz kommen, die beim Schmelzen der Schmelzsicherung entspannt.In a further alternative embodiment, an insulating body is arranged such that it is moved when melting the fuse between the contacts, so as to interrupt the arc. The insulating body is preferably wedge-shaped. The movement of the insulating body can be triggered for example by means of a pyrotechnic propellant charge. Alternatively, a preloaded spring can be used, which relaxes when melting the fuse.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung in einer dritten Ausführungsform.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. The figures show:
Fig. 1
a schematic sectional view through a switching and protective device in a first embodiment,
Fig. 2
a schematic sectional view through a switching and protective device in a second embodiment and
Fig. 3
a schematic sectional view through a switching and protective device in a third embodiment.

In der Fig. 1 ist eine Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 in einer ersten Ausführungsform dargestellt. Die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 weist ein hermetisches Gehäuse 2 auf, aus dem zwei feststehende Kontakte 3 herausgeführt sind. An den feststehenden Kontakten 3 können dann HV-Leitungen 4 angeschlossen werden, die dann beispielsweise die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 mit einer nicht dargestellten HV-Batterie und einem Zwischenkreis verbinden. Weiter weist die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 eine Brücke 5 auf, die aus einem elektrischen Isolator besteht. Die Brücke 5 ist mit einem Gestänge 6 verbunden, das nach unten aus dem Gehäuse 2 geführt ist. Das Gestänge 6 ist dabei durch eine magnetische Kraft gegen eine Feder oder einen ähnlichen Aktor nach oben bewegbar. Die Brücke 5 ist mit zwei Kontaktelementen 7 verbunden. Die Kontaktelemente 7 weisen jeweils einen Kontakt 8 und einen Hohlzylinder 9 auf, die durch ein Basiselement 10 miteinander verbunden sind. Zwischen den Hohlzylindern 9 ist eine Schmelzsicherung 12 in Form eines Drahtes 11 elektrisch leitend angeordnet. Die Verbindung zwischen Draht 11 und Hohlzylinder 9 kann beispielsweise eine Klemm- oder Schraubverbindung sein. Andere Befestigungsarten sind möglich, wobei die Befestigung thermisch stabil sein muss. Über den Hohlzylinder 9 wird dann das Kontaktelement 7 mit der Brücke verschraubt. Auch die Verbindung zwischen Kontaktelement 7 und Brücke 5 kann durch alternative Befestigungsverfahren erfolgen. In diesem Fall kann dann der Hohlzylinder 9 auch durch ein anderes Element zur Aufnahme des Drahtes 11 ersetzt werden. Hohlzylinder 9 und Basiselement 10 sind vorzugsweise einstückig. Der Kontakt 8 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als separates Teil in das Basiselement 10 eingesetzt, kann aber auch einstückig mit diesem ausgebildet sein. Der Kontakt 8 ist dabei auf die Form und Lage der feststehenden Kontakte 3 abgestimmt.In the Fig. 1 a switching and protective device 1 is shown in a first embodiment. The switching and protective device 1 has a hermetic housing 2, are led out of the two fixed contacts 3. At the fixed contacts 3 HV lines 4 can then be connected, which then connect, for example, the switching and protection device 1 with a HV battery, not shown, and a DC link. Next, the switching and protection device 1 on a bridge 5, which consists of an electrical insulator. The bridge 5 is connected to a linkage 6, which is guided downward from the housing 2. The linkage 6 is movable by a magnetic force against a spring or a similar actuator upwards. The bridge 5 is connected to two contact elements 7. The contact elements 7 each have a contact 8 and a hollow cylinder 9, which are interconnected by a base member 10. Between the hollow cylinders 9, a fuse 12 is arranged in the form of a wire 11 electrically conductive. The connection between wire 11 and hollow cylinder 9 may be, for example, a clamping or screw connection. Other types of attachment are possible, but the attachment must be thermally stable. About the hollow cylinder 9, the contact element 7 is then screwed to the bridge. The connection between contact element 7 and bridge 5 can be made by alternative attachment methods. In this case, then the hollow cylinder 9 can also be replaced by another element for receiving the wire 11. Hollow cylinder 9 and base member 10 are preferably in one piece. The contact 8 is used in the illustrated embodiment as a separate part in the base member 10, but may also be integrally formed therewith. The contact 8 is matched to the shape and position of the fixed contacts 3.

Der Draht 11 ist derart dimensioniert, dass dieser den Nennstrom als auch den betriebsbedingten Überstrom führen kann, hingegen bei Fehlerströmen größer einem Schwellwert über den Überströmen explosionsartig verdampft. Dabei lässt sich die Auslösecharakteristik des Drahtes 11 im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik sehr gut einstellen, sodass die Auslösung schneller und zuverlässiger erfolgen kann. Im regulären Betrieb wird beispielsweise eine dem Gestänge 6 zugeordnete Spule (nicht dargestellt) bestromt und aufgrund einer magnetischen Kraft das Gestänge 6 gegen eine Federkraft nach oben bewegt. Berühren sich dann die Kontakte 8 und die feststehenden Kontakte 3, so ist die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den feststehenden Kontakten 3 hergestellt. Kommt es dann zu einem Fehlerstrom, verdampft der Draht 11, wobei ein sich bildender Lichtbogen mit Hilfe der Druckerhöhung aufgrund der explosionsartigen Verdampfung gelöscht wird. Dabei bleiben die Kontakte 8 und die feststehenden Kontakte 3 vorzugsweise in Kontakt, um nicht einen weiteren Lichtbogen zu bilden.The wire 11 is dimensioned such that it can carry the rated current as well as the operational overcurrent, whereas in case of fault currents greater than a threshold value, it evaporates explosively via the overcurrents. In this case, the tripping characteristic of the wire 11 can be set very well in comparison to the prior art, so that the triggering can be faster and more reliable. In regular operation, for example, a rod 6 associated coil (not shown) is energized and due to a magnetic force, the linkage 6 moves against a spring force upwards. Then touch the contacts 8 and the fixed contacts 3, the electrical connection between the fixed contacts 3 is made. If it then comes to a fault current, the wire evaporates 11, wherein a forming arc is extinguished by means of the pressure increase due to the explosive evaporation. The contacts 8 and the fixed contacts 3 preferably remain in contact so as not to form another arc.

In der Fig. 2 ist eine alternative Ausführungsform für die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 dargestellt, wobei gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dabei ist anzumerken, dass der Schnitt im Vergleich zu Fig. 1 anders gelegt wurde.In the Fig. 2 an alternative embodiment for the switching and protective device 1 is shown, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the cut compared to Fig. 1 was put differently.

Das Kontaktelement 7 weist wieder einen Kontakt 8 und ein Basiselement 10 auf, die beispielsweise miteinander vernietet oder verlötet sind, was durch die Strichelung angedeutet ist. Alternativ können diese einstückig ausgebildet sein oder aber der Kontakt 8 ist in das Basiselement 10 eingesteckt. Das Basiselement 10 ist mit der Brücke 5 vorzugsweise verschraubt, was ebenfalls durch die Strichelung angedeutet ist. Zwischen den beiden Basiselementen 10 liegt die Schmelzsicherung 12, die teilweise in die Brücke 5 eingebettet ist (ebenfalls durch Strichelung angedeutet). Die Verbindung zwischen der Schmelzsicherung 12 und den Basiselementen 10 ist beispielsweise eine Steckverbindung. Die Brücke 5 besteht vorzugsweise aus einem stark ausgasenden Material wie beispielsweise Plexiglas oder POM (Polyoxymethylen).The contact element 7 again has a contact 8 and a base element 10, which are riveted or soldered together, for example, which is indicated by the dashed line. Alternatively, these may be formed in one piece or the contact 8 is inserted into the base member 10. The base member 10 is preferably bolted to the bridge 5, which is also indicated by the dashed line. Between the two base elements 10 is the fuse 12, which is partially embedded in the bridge 5 (also indicated by dashed lines). The connection between the fuse 12 and the base elements 10 is for example a plug connection. The bridge 5 is preferably made of a strong outgassing material such as Plexiglas or POM (polyoxymethylene).

Im Falle eines Fehlerstroms schmilzt die Schmelzsicherung 12, wobei aufgrund der entstehenden Wärme zusätzlich die Brücke 5 ausgast. Dies führt zu einer Druckerhöhung im hermetischen Gehäuse 2, sodass ein zwischen den Basiselementen 10 auftretender Lichtbogen gelöscht wird.In the event of a fault current, the fuse 12 melts, with the bridge 5 also outgassing due to the heat generated. This leads to an increase in pressure in the hermetic housing 2, so that an arc occurring between the base elements 10 is extinguished.

In der Fig. 3 ist eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform für die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 dargestellt, wobei wieder gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dabei ist die Schalteinrichtung im geschlossenen Zustand dargestellt, d.h. die Kontakte 8 kontaktieren die feststehenden Kontakte 3. Zusätzlich zu Fig. 2 weist die Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung 1 zwei Laufschienen 13 auf, die jeweils parallel zu den feststehenden Kontakten 3 verlaufen und mit diesen verschraubt sind.In the Fig. 3 a further alternative embodiment for the switching and protective device 1 is shown, wherein the same elements are again provided with the same reference numerals. In this case, the switching device is shown in the closed state, ie, the contacts 8 contact the fixed contacts 3. In addition to Fig. 2 the switching and protection device 1 has two rails 13, each extending parallel to the fixed contacts 3 and are screwed to them.

Zwischen den Laufschienen 13 ist ein Isolierkörper 14 angeordnet, der an den den Laufschienen 13 gegenüberliegenden Seiten jeweils einen Spalt aufweist. Der Spalt verläuft dabei parallel zu den Laufschienen 13. Der Isolierkörper 14 besteht dabei aus einem stark gasenden Material wie Plexiglas oder POM. Der Isolierkörper 14 ist dabei beispielsweise mit dem Gehäuse 2 verschraubt. Auf den Basiselementen 10 sind weiter zwei Leitstrukturen 15 angeordnet, zwischen denen sich die Schmelzsicherung 12 erstreckt. Die Leitstrukturen 15 sind keilförmig ausgebildet und beispielsweise mit den Basiselementen 10 verschraubt. Hierdurch wird ein entstehender Lichtbogen beim Schmelzen der Schmelzsicherung 12 über die Leitstruktur 15 in einen Kanal 16 zwischen der Laufschiene 13 und dem Isolierkörper 14 mit dem Spalt geleitet. Der in dem engen Spalt verlaufende Lichtbogen erhitzt den Isolierkörper 14, der dann auszugasen beginnt. Die dadurch entstehende Druckerhöhung lässt dann den Lichtbogen erlöschen.Between the rails 13, an insulating body 14 is arranged, which has in each case a gap on the rails 13 opposite sides. The gap runs parallel to the rails 13. The insulating body 14 consists of a highly gassing material such as Plexiglas or POM. The insulating body 14 is screwed to the housing 2, for example. On the base elements 10, two conductive structures 15 are further arranged, between which the fuse 12 extends. The lead structures 15 are wedge-shaped and screwed, for example, with the base elements 10. As a result, a resulting arc is passed during melting of the fuse 12 via the guide structure 15 in a channel 16 between the running rail 13 and the insulating body 14 with the gap. The running in the narrow gap arc heats the insulator 14, which then begins to outgas. The resulting increase in pressure then causes the arc to go out.

Claims (10)

Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung (1) für Hochvolt-Bordnetze, umfassend einen Gleichspannungsschalter und eine Schmelzsicherung (12), wobei der Gleichspannungsschalter ein Gehäuse (2), mindestens zwei feststehende Kontakte (3) und eine Brücke (5), die beweglich zu den feststehenden Kontakten (3) ausgebildet ist, aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Brücke (5) aus einem elektrischen Isolator gebildet ist, wobei auf der Brücke (5) zwei Kontakte (8) angeordnet sind, die derart auf der Brücke (5) angeordnet sind, dass diese bei einer Bewegung der Brücke (5) in Richtung der feststehenden Kontakte (3) die feststehenden Kontakte (3) kontaktieren, wobei die beiden auf der Brücke (5) angeordneten Kontakte (8) durch die Schmelzsicherung (12) miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind.Switchgear and protection device (1) for high-voltage vehicle electrical systems, comprising a DC voltage switch and a fuse (12), the DC voltage switch comprising a housing (2), at least two fixed contacts (3) and a bridge (5) movable relative to the fixed ones Contacts (3) is formed,
characterized in that
the bridge (5) is formed from an electrical insulator, wherein on the bridge (5) two contacts (8) are arranged, which are arranged on the bridge (5), that these in a movement of the bridge (5) in the direction the fixed contacts (3) contact the fixed contacts (3), wherein the two arranged on the bridge (5) contacts (8) by the fuse (12) are electrically connected together. Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schmelzsicherung (12) als Draht (11) ausgebildet ist, der oberhalb der Brücke (5) zwischen den beiden Kontakten (8) angeordnet ist.Switching and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuse (12) as a wire (11) is formed, which is arranged above the bridge (5) between the two contacts (8). Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schmelzsicherung (12) teilweise oder vollständig in die Brücke (5) eingebettet ist.Switching and protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuse (12) is partially or completely embedded in the bridge (5). Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brücke (5) aus einem bei der Schmelztemperatur der Schmelzsicherung (12) stark ausgasenden Material besteht.Switchgear and protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bridge (5) consists of a material that is highly degasifying at the melting temperature of the fuse (12). Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brücke (5) aus Plexiglas oder Polyoxymethylen besteht.Switching and protective device according to claim 4, characterized in that the bridge (5) consists of Plexiglas or polyoxymethylene. Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brücke (5) aus einer Keramik besteht.Switching and protection device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bridge (5) consists of a ceramic. Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass parallel zu den feststehenden Kontakten (3) elektrisch leitende Laufschienen (13) angeordnet sind, zwischen denen ein Isolierkörper (14) angeordnet ist, der gegenüber den Laufschienen (13) jeweils einen Spalt aufweist.Switching and protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that parallel to the fixed contacts (3) electrically conductive Running rails (13) are arranged, between which an insulating body (14) is arranged, which opposite the rails (13) each having a gap. Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der Brücke (5) Leitstrukturen (15) angeordnet sind, die derart ausgebildet sind, dass diese einen Lichtbogen zwischen die Laufschiene (13) und den Isolierkörper (14) lenken.Switching and protective device according to claim 7, characterized in that on the bridge (5) conductive structures (15) are arranged, which are designed such that they direct an arc between the running rail (13) and the insulating body (14). Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass oberhalb der Brücke (5) Löschbleche angeordnet sind.Switching and protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that above the bridge (5) quenching plates are arranged. Schalt- und Schutzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Isolierkörper derart angeordnet ist, dass dieser bei Schmelzen der Schmelzsicherung (12) zwischen die Kontakte (8) bewegt wird.Switching and protection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an insulating body is arranged such that it is moved upon melting of the fuse (12) between the contacts (8).
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DE102015200507A1 (en) 2016-07-21
JP2016134383A (en) 2016-07-25
KR101798730B1 (en) 2017-12-12
US20160211087A1 (en) 2016-07-21
US10276314B2 (en) 2019-04-30
CN105810515A (en) 2016-07-27
KR20160088228A (en) 2016-07-25
CN105810515B (en) 2018-09-14
JP6165278B2 (en) 2017-07-19
EP3046124B1 (en) 2017-07-26

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