EP3034855B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3034855B1
EP3034855B1 EP15196516.7A EP15196516A EP3034855B1 EP 3034855 B1 EP3034855 B1 EP 3034855B1 EP 15196516 A EP15196516 A EP 15196516A EP 3034855 B1 EP3034855 B1 EP 3034855B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injector
fuel
reference structure
sensor device
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15196516.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3034855A1 (fr
Inventor
Holger Rapp
Udo Schaich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3034855A1 publication Critical patent/EP3034855A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3034855B1 publication Critical patent/EP3034855B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of réelles1.
  • Such a fuel injector is from the post-published DE 10 2014 204629 A1 the applicant known.
  • the known fuel injector has on its injector housing for detecting the fuel pressure in a fuel-carrying bore to a sensor device which is arranged on the outside of the injector.
  • the known sensor device is arranged in the region of a branch of a supply bore, which supplies a high-pressure chamber of the fuel injector, in which an injection member in the form of an upwardly and downwardly movable nozzle needle for closing injection openings, with fuel.
  • a threaded bore for receiving a sensor housing is arranged in the housing wall of the injector.
  • a bore is formed, which transmits the fuel pressure from the branch in the direction of a membrane element forming a deformation region, which is elastically deformable in dependence on the fuel pressure.
  • the exemplary cup-shaped membrane element is arranged on the side facing away from the branch in operative connection with a piezoelectric element, which detects the stresses acting in the membrane element (caused by its elastic deformation). This can be concluded in dependence on the detected voltages or the fuel pressure to a position or position of the injection member in the high-pressure chamber.
  • a disadvantage of the known fuel injector or its sensor device is that the measuring principle based on the detection of mechanical stresses by means of the piezoelectric element, in which the piezoelectric element with the surface of the membrane element must be mechanically connected, for example via an adhesive bond.
  • the connection between the measuring element (piezoelectric element) and the membrane element is subject to a constant mechanical load due to the constant movement of the membrane element or the piezoelectric element, which is critical over the life of the fuel injector in terms of fatigue strength.
  • the mechanical coupling of the sensor device to the fuel injector via the threaded connection is relatively complicated. In particular, it is necessary to form a pressure-tight connection between the housing of the sensor device and the branch in the fuel injector in order to prevent the high-pressure fuel from flowing out of the injector housing.
  • WO 98/35210 discloses a fuel injector including an optical device for detecting the pressure in the combustion chamber.
  • the injector has at its the combustion chamber pressure-exposed membrane, which is exposed to the combustion chamber pressure.
  • the inside of this membrane is exposed to light by an optical fiber, which is reflected by the membrane into a second fiber and detected at the other end of the second fiber. If the membrane deforms, the intensity of the reflected light changes, which is a measure of the deformation and thus of the pressure in the combustion chamber.
  • the invention has the object, a fuel injector, in particular a common rail injector, according to the preamble of claim 1 such that a mechanically particularly robust and over the life considered a high accuracy having sensor device allows becomes.
  • a fuel injector with the characterizing features of claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is adapted to detect a change of a deformable region by a pressure change geometrically deformable structure compared to a preferably under a change in pressure reference structure.
  • Such a change of a geometrically deformable structure to a reference structure is detected without contact in an optical manner in the context of the invention, and is thus subject to no wear with regard to the measuring element or the measuring method.
  • the structure and the reference structure are preferably grid or grid lines are used, which are detected by means of a corresponding optical sensor element of the sensor device, and their relative Displacement or movement to each other as an indication of a measure of Compressive stress on the deformation element and thus the fuel pressure is used. In this case, differences in brightness due to different reflections or positions of the structure and the reference structure are detected.
  • the structure is arranged on the side facing the sensor device, and that a sensor element of the sensor device is designed to detect a geometric change between the structure and the reference structure.
  • the structure and the reference structure are arranged in at least partial cover in relation to the sensor element in the pressure-relieved or in the pressure-loaded state of the deformation region.
  • Particularly preferred is an arrangement and design of both the structure and the reference structure in which they are arranged in the pressure-relieved or maximum pressure-loaded state (maximum operating pressure of the fuel injector) in complete coverage.
  • the structure and the reference structure are at least substantially identical or have the same basic shape.
  • the structure and the reference structure are each formed as a grid structure with lines.
  • a lattice structure is understood to be a net-like structure or a net-like arrangement of lines, in particular between the lines and the regions of the structure or reference structure which are separated from the lines Be formed areas with different brightness and different reflectivity for light. This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the structure or the reference structure is formed by black lines, so that they appear darker than the surface itself relative to the surface on which they are applied.
  • the structure and the reference structure can be illuminated by a light source, and that the sensor element detects a brightness change or as image-receiving element for detecting the structure and the reference structure is formed.
  • the sensor element detects differences in brightness caused by different reflections of the light on the structure in the case of a geometric displacement between the structure and the reference structure.
  • a geometric displacement between the structure and the reference structure is detected immediately.
  • the senor element is designed in the form of a so-called "imager", as is used, for example, in driver assistance systems in motor vehicles in cameras, which are e.g. capture the rear space of a vehicle.
  • the imager is coupled to a corresponding evaluation unit or evaluation logic, which records both the structure and the reference structure and can calculate their relative position to each other.
  • a high sampling rate makes sense to detect the pressure fluctuations or deformations as quickly as possible. This can for example be 1 ⁇ s.
  • a light-tight housing in the context of the invention is understood to mean a housing in whose interior, in which the sensor element and the light source are arranged, regardless of the brightness outside the housing by means of the light source at least substantially always one and the same (absolute) brightness is generated.
  • the formation of an additional media-tight housing in order to avoid the entry of media in the region of the measuring point is particularly preferred.
  • a particularly space-saving arrangement of the structure and the reference structure, and thus a particularly compact sensor device is achieved when the structure is arranged directly on the surface of the deformation region and the reference structure on a surface of the sensor element.
  • a manufacturing technology preferred embodiment provides that the light source and the sensor element are arranged on a preassembled module and spaced apart in the installed state are arranged to the deformation region. This makes it possible, for example, to test and calibrate the light source and the sensor element in a state in which the two elements are not yet arranged or positioned in the sensor device. The distance between the assembly and the deformation region is required so that upon deformation of the deformation region, this (together with the structure) does not come into contact or contact with the assembly or the sensor element.
  • an arrangement of the sensor device in the region of the supply bore for the high pressure chamber of the fuel injector or outgoing from the supply hole branch is particularly preferred.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage of arranging the sensor device relatively far away from the at least one injection opening on the injector housing, which due to the prevailing temperatures and the installation conditions usually prevailing in an internal combustion engine, a particularly simple integration of the fuel injector in an already existing motor or a corresponding internal combustion engine allows.
  • the arrangement in the region of a branch makes it possible to position the sensor device in a region arranged relatively far from the supply bore.
  • the Indian Fig.1 Fuel injector 10 which is illustrated in a highly simplified manner, is embodied as a so-called common-rail injector, and serves to inject fuel into the combustion chamber (not shown) of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injector 10 has an injector housing 11 which is at least substantially made of metal and in particular has a plurality of parts, at the end region of which facing the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine at least one, preferably a plurality of injection openings 12 for injection of the fuel are formed in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • this forms a high-pressure chamber 15, in which, in addition to other, not shown components of the fuel injector 10, an injection member in the form of a nozzle needle 16 in the direction of the double arrow 17 is arranged to be liftable.
  • the nozzle needle 16 In the lowered position of the nozzle needle 16, this closes the injection openings 12 formed in the injector housing 11, while for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the nozzle needle 16 is moved from its lowered position to a raised position, in which the located in the high-pressure chamber 15 , Fuel under system pressure (the system pressure is for example up to about 3000bar) is injected via the injection ports 12 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the system pressure is for example up to about 3000bar
  • the control of the lifting movement of the nozzle needle 16 by means known per se, and therefore not shown, because not essential to the invention means, for example by means of a Magnetaktuators or a Piezoaktuators.
  • a merely indicated plug connection 18 serves for the electrical contacting of the fuel injector 10 or of the actuator.
  • the supply of fuel to the high-pressure chamber 15 takes place via a supply bore 20 arranged in the injector housing 11.
  • the supply bore 20 is formed either directly in the injector housing 11 itself or in particular in components arranged inside the injector housing 11.
  • the supply bore 20 forms a fuel-carrying region of the fuel injector 10, as well as the high-pressure chamber 15 itself or the housing wall 21 of the injector housing 11 delimiting the high-pressure chamber 15 or the corresponding components for forming the supply bore 20.
  • the supply bore 20 extends in particular in the longitudinal direction of the substantially elongated injector 11, and connects the fuel injector 10 via a fuel line 22 with a high-pressure fuel reservoir 23 (rail).
  • the lifting movement of the nozzle needle 16 or the release and closing of the injection openings 12 leads both within the high-pressure chamber 15 and within the supply bore 20 corresponding to the driving frequency of the nozzle needle 16 to pressure fluctuations, which are detectable by means of a sensor device 25.
  • the sensor device 25 serves to close due to the pressure prevailing in the high-pressure chamber 15 or the supply bore 20, or based on the pressure curve in the mentioned components, to a position or position of the nozzle needle 16, which in terms of optimizing the control of Nozzle needle 16, in particular over the life of the fuel injector 10, is used.
  • the sensor device 25 is in the in the Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment disposed in an axial region of the injector housing 11, which is relatively widely spaced from the Einspitzö réelleen 12.
  • the position of the sensor device 25 is provided on the outside of the housing wall 21 of the injector housing 11 in the smallest possible distance from the supply bore 20.
  • the sensor device 25 in the region of a branch 24 formed in particular as a transverse bore, which extends from the supply bore 20 and ends in the region of the sensor device 25, depending on the installation conditions of the fuel injector 10 a greater distance to the supply bore 20 enable.
  • the sensor device 25 has an example made of metal, in particular produced by deep-drawing process housing 26 which is substantially cup-shaped, and connected to a voltage applied to the housing wall 21 of the injector 11, surrounding collar 27 with the injector 11 is, in particular by a along the contour of the collar 27 circumferential weld seam 28.
  • the weld 28 is preferably by means of a not the laser beam device is generated and is designed as a closed, circumferential weld 28 such that in particular a hydraulic seal between the housing 26 of the sensor device 25 is formed to the injector 11.
  • the housing wall 21 of the injector housing 11 in the region of the sensor device 25 or in overlapping with the housing 26 has a deformation region 30 reduced in wall thickness.
  • This is exemplified in that on the supply bore 20 side facing the housing wall 21 is reduced by means of a blind hole-shaped recess or recess 31 in its wall thickness.
  • a housing wall 21, which is arched outward in relation to the supply bore 20 is shown in dashed lines, as results in the deformation region 30 when the pressure in the supply bore 20 increases.
  • housing wall 21 in the deformation region 30 of the state as he sets, for example, at relatively low pressures or in the pressureless state of the high-pressure bore 15, wherein the injector housing 11 in the deformation region 30 is at least substantially not deformed.
  • the housing 26 of the measuring device 25 has an interior 35, in particular filled with air, which is designed to permit deformation or movement of the region 30 in the event of pressure fluctuations in the supply bore 20.
  • a measuring unit 37 designed as a preassemblable module 36 is arranged inside the housing 26.
  • the measuring unit 37 is electrically contactable via plug terminals 38, 39 arranged outside the housing 26.
  • a sensor element 40 and, directly next to the sensor element 40, a light source 41 are arranged on the deformation region 30 facing side of the injector housing 11.
  • the light source 41 is exemplified as a laser diode or light emitting diode, such that within the interior 35 of the at least light-tight, preferably additionally media-tight housing 26, regardless of the external environment, always a certain brightness can be generated.
  • the sensor element 40 is designed, for example, either as a photoelement 42 or as an image-receiving element 43. In the case of an embodiment as a photoelement 42, the photoelement 42 detects changes in brightness in the measuring area detected by the photoelement 42, the measuring area substantially corresponding to the deformation area 30 of the injector housing 10.
  • the sensor element 40 is designed as an image-receiving element 43 (imager), it is designed to detect contours or similar geometrical arrangements in the measuring region (deformation region 30) in cooperation with an evaluation logic (not shown).
  • a reference structure 45 is arranged between the deformation region 30 of the injector housing 11 participating in the deformation and the sensor element 40.
  • the reference structure 45 is embodied in the form of a grid structure 46, which has lines 47, 48 arranged at right angles to one another.
  • the reference structure 45 may be arranged at a distance from the sensor element 40, but in at least partial overlap with the deformation region 30.
  • the reference structure 45 is arranged directly on the sensor element 40. This is done, for example, in that the reference structure 40 is formed by black or dark lines for forming the lines 47, 48 on a transparent film 49 or a cover element of the sensor element 40.
  • This film 49 can then be connected to the sensor element 40, for example by gluing.
  • the reference structure 45 for example, on a thin Plexiglas film or disc, and to attach this as a separate element to the assembly 37.
  • a structure 50 is arranged or formed on the deformation region 30 of the injector housing 11 participating in the deformation.
  • the structure 50 likewise has, by way of example, a lattice structure 51 which contains lines 52, 53 arranged at right angles to one another.
  • the size and arrangement of the structure 50 in the deformation region 30 is such that, as viewed from the direction of the sensor element 40, in the pressure-relieved or at the maximum prevailing pressure within the supply bore 20, the reference structure 45 and the structure 50 as shown in the Fig. 3 are arranged congruent or in alignment with each other.
  • the structure 50 can be made, for example, by a laser machining of the (metallic) region 30 of the injector housing 11, so that dark lines or the lines 52, 53 are likewise produced by the laser processing.
  • the structure 50 and the reference structure 45 for the sensor element 40 are arranged in coincidence with one another at low pressures or in the pressure-relieved state of the supply bore 20, by means of the sensor element 40 in the case that this is designed as a photoelement 42, a maximum brightness due to a maximum reflection of the light due to the maximum coverage between the structure 50 and the reference structure 45 detected. If an (elastic) deformation of the region 30 now occurs, the structure 50 shifts relative to the reference structure 45 with respect to the sensor element 40. This is shown in FIG Fig. 4 shown.
  • a geometrical displacement takes place between the structure 50 and the reference structure 45, which causes the lines 47, 48 and 52, 53, which are initially arranged in overlapping, to fall out of coincidence and thus cover a larger area in the measuring area of the photoelement 42 causes the photoelement 42 to detect a lower brightness.
  • the sensor element 40 In the event that the sensor element 40 is formed as an image-receiving element 43, this detects the lines 47, 48 of the reference structure 45 and the lines 52, 53 of the structure 50 and their relative position to each other, from the corresponding deformation of the region 30 and thus can be closed to a corresponding pressure in the supply bore 20.
  • the reference structure 45 as well as the structure 50 as shown in FIG Fig. 5 to 7 also as reference structure 45a and structure 50a corresponding to Fig. 5 with respect to each other at an angle to each other, parallel lines 47a with respect to Reference structure 45a and lines 52a bezgl.
  • the structure 50a may be formed.
  • each parallel lines 47b and 52b provided, wherein the distance of the lines 52b increases in a deformation of the deformation region 30 by stretching.
  • the parallel lines 52c of the structure 50c are rotated to the lines 47c of the reference structure 45c.
  • each other covering circles 47d, 52d provided.
  • the circles 52d of the structure 50d may either move to the circles 47d of the reference structure 47d ( Fig. 9 and 10 ) or deform ( Fig. 11 ).
  • the fuel injector 10 described so far can be modified or modified in many ways, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Injecteur de carburant (10), notamment injecteur à rampe commune, avec un corps d'injecteur (11), dans lequel une chambre de haute pression (15) est réalisée, cette chambre pouvant être alimentée en carburant sous pression, via un alésage d'alimentation (20) disposé dans un corps d'injecteur (11), avec au moins une ouverture d'injection (12) reliée au moins indirectement à la chambre de haute pression (15) réalisée dans le corps d'injecteur (11) pour l'injection de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, avec un élément d'injection (16) libérant ou fermant l'au moins une ouverture d'injection (12) et avec un dispositif de détection (25) servant à détecter au moins indirectement la pression dans une région du corps d'injecteur (11) introduisant le carburant, le dispositif de détection (25) étant réalisé pour détecter une déformation d'une zone de déformation (30) disposée en liaison active au moins indirectement avec la région d'introduction de carburant, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de détection (25) est réalisé pour détecter une variation de structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) géométriquement déformable à travers la zone de déformation (30) en cas de variation de pression par rapport à une structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d) de préférence inchangée en cas de variation de pression, le dispositif de détection (25) prenant la forme un élément de détection (40) pour déterminer une brillance ou d'un élément (43) récepteur d'image pour détecter la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) et la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) est réalisée sur le côté orienté vers le dispositif de détection (25) et que l'élément de détection (40) du dispositif de détection (25) est réalisé pour détecter une variation géométrique entre la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) et la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) et la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d) sont disposées en recouvrement au moins partiel par rapport à l'élément de détection (40) dans un état non alimenté en pression ou alimenté en pression de la zone de déformation (30).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) et la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d) sont réalisées au moins pour l'essentiel de façon identique ou présentent une forme de base identique.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50) et la structure de référence (45) sont respectivement réalisées sous la forme d'une structure grillagée (46, 51) avec des lignes (47, 48, 52, 53).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50a à 50c) et la structure de référence (45a à 45c) comportent respectivement des lignes (47a à 47c, 52a à 52c) parallèles les unes par rapport aux autres.
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50d) et la structure de référence (45d) comportent respectivement des cercles (47d, 5d) disposés de façon concentrique les uns par rapport aux autres.
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) et la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d) peuvent être éclairées par une source lumineuse (41).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (41) et l'élément de détection (40) sont disposés dans un carter (26) au moins étanche à la lumière par rapport à l'environnement.
  10. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la structure (50 ; 50a à 50d) est directement disposée sur une surface de la zone de déformation (30) et que la structure de référence (45 ; 45a à 45d) est disposée au niveau de l'élément de détection (40).
  11. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (41) et l'élément de détection (40) sont disposés sur un module de construction (36) prémontable et sont disposés à l'état encastré à une certaine distance de la zone de déformation (30).
  12. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de détection (25) est disposé dans la région de l'alésage d'alimentation (20) ou d'une bifurcation (24) partant de l'alésage d'alimentation (20).
EP15196516.7A 2014-12-18 2015-11-26 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP3034855B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014226437.5A DE102014226437A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3034855A1 EP3034855A1 (fr) 2016-06-22
EP3034855B1 true EP3034855B1 (fr) 2017-08-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15196516.7A Not-in-force EP3034855B1 (fr) 2014-12-18 2015-11-26 Injecteur de carburant

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EP (1) EP3034855B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014226437A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015207695A1 (de) 2015-04-27 2016-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung
IT201900006429A1 (it) 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Omt Digital S R L Sensore per la diagnostica non invasiva di sistemi idraulici ad alta pressione, in particolare di sistemi di iniezione di combustibile, e sistema idraulico comprendente tale sensore

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2262397A (en) * 1997-02-06 1998-08-26 Optrand, Inc. Fuel injectors with integral fiber optic pressure sensors and associated compensation and status monitoring devices
DE102005053683A1 (de) * 2005-11-10 2007-05-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen
JP2010255427A (ja) * 2009-04-21 2010-11-11 Denso Corp 燃料噴射弁
DE102014204629A1 (de) 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor, insbesondere Common-Rail-Injektor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3034855A1 (fr) 2016-06-22
DE102014226437A1 (de) 2016-06-23

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