EP3004554A1 - Aube de disque de rotor avec retenue du pied par frottement, disque de rotor, turbomachine et procédé d'assemblage associé - Google Patents
Aube de disque de rotor avec retenue du pied par frottement, disque de rotor, turbomachine et procédé d'assemblage associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP3004554A1 EP3004554A1 EP14731728.3A EP14731728A EP3004554A1 EP 3004554 A1 EP3004554 A1 EP 3004554A1 EP 14731728 A EP14731728 A EP 14731728A EP 3004554 A1 EP3004554 A1 EP 3004554A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- blade root
- nut
- screw
- metal plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
- F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
- F01D5/3015—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type with side plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
- F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/23—Three-dimensional prismatic
- F05D2250/232—Three-dimensional prismatic conical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/29—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous
- F05D2250/294—Three-dimensional machined; miscellaneous grooved
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/60—Structure; Surface texture
- F05D2250/61—Structure; Surface texture corrugated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
- F05D2260/37—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a press fit connection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of turbomachine blades of composite material comprising a fiber reinforcement densified by a matrix.
- the targeted field is that of the blades to be mounted on gas turbine rotor discs for aircraft engines or industrial turbines.
- This type of dawn is originally from foundry and has a bulbous foot.
- the raw foot is precisely machined to ensure an efficient mechanical interface with its housing in the rotor disc.
- the blade root is made using an insert positioned in a debonding of the textile preform to form a bulbous portion at the portion of the blade corresponding to his foot .
- the textile of the preform mechanically interacts with the insert and can lead in particular to textile shears, rotations of the insert, delimitations between the insert and the textile, etc.
- the molding and densification of the part of the preform intended to form the blade root prove to be delicate, in particular because the tolerances on the profile of the bulbous foot are very small (on the order of tenth of a millimeter) and the requirements in terms of mechanical properties of this part of the dawn are important, the foot of the dawn concentrating the majority of efforts applied on the dawn.
- the blade root corresponds to the part of the blade which concentrates most of the forces applied on the blade since it is intended to maintain the dawn in the disk vis- against centrifugal forces.
- the forces applied by the centrifugal forces are essentially resumed at the composite material portion of the blade in contact with the pin when the friction forces between the metal plates and the flanks of the blade of composite material are insufficient to take up these efforts. There is then in this situation a risk of damage to the composite material, or breakage by matting thereof.
- the present invention therefore has the main purpose of providing a composite material blade whose geometry of the foot can be achieved in an easy and reproducible manner while ensuring a reliable recovery of the forces applied on the blade root.
- a rotor disk blade for a turbomachine made of composite material comprising a fibrous reinforcement obtained by multilayer weaving of yarns and densified by a matrix, the blade comprising a constituent part of blade and blade root forming a single piece, the blade root having two substantially opposite lateral side flanks which are formed in the respective extension of the intrados and extrados surfaces of the blade, the blade root being sandwiched between two metal plates fixed against the lateral flanks of the foot of the blade; dawn by a screw and a nut passing through the plates and the blade root,
- the screw comprises a head bearing on one of the two plates and in that the nut comprises a head resting on the other plate, the screw and the nut applying on the metal plates a minimum clamping force adapted to ensure a recovery, by friction between the metal plates and the side flanks of the blade root, a determined centrifugal force applied to the blade.
- the minimum clamping force is determined by dividing the centrifugal force determined by the coefficient of friction between the metal plates and the side flanks of blade root.
- the screw and the nut comprises a conical shaped head while the plates have a corresponding chamfer to fully integrate the screw and nut in the plates.
- each metal plate has on its face opposite to that in contact with the blade root at least one protruding portion, said portion having a shape capable of ensuring one or both following functions: anti-tilting and sealing.
- the blade root comprises an oblong hole or sagging extending in the direction of the length of the blade for the passage of the screw and the nut.
- the face of each plate facing the blade root has a structured surface so as to increase the friction between the plates and the blade root.
- the face of each plate facing the blade root may include a straight or cross knurling oriented according to the direction of the centrifugal forces to which the blade is subjected.
- the metal plates have a coefficient of thermal expansion less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the screw and the nut. The clamping force is thus maintained during the rise in temperature.
- the metal plates, the screw and the nut have thermal expansion coefficients that evolve similarly over all or part of a temperature range between 0 ° C. and 800 ° C. ° C, which allows to better control the maintenance of the tightening throughout the temperature range.
- the invention also relates to a turbomachine rotor disk comprising at its outer periphery a plurality of substantially axial metal cells and a plurality of blades as defined above, each blade being mounted by its foot in a cavity of the disk.
- the invention also relates to a turbomachine comprising at least one such rotor disk.
- the invention also relates to a method of assembling plates on a blade root, said blade being made of composite material comprising a fibrous reinforcement obtained by multilayer weaving son and densified by a matrix, the blade comprising a portion constituting blade and blade root forming a single piece, the blade root having two substantially flat opposite side flanks which are formed in the respective extension of the intrados surfaces and extrados of the blade, the blade root being sandwiched between two metal plates fixed against the lateral flanks of the blade root by a screw and a nut passing through the plates and the blade root,
- the screw comprises a head resting on one of the two plates, the nut comprising a head resting on the other plate, and in that it is applied to the metal plates when the screw is tightened with the nut a minimum clamping force adapted to ensure a recovery, by friction between the metal plates and the side flanks of the blade root, a determined centrifugal force applied to the blade.
- the minimum clamping force is determined by dividing the centrifugal force determined by the coefficient of friction between the metal plates and the side flanks of blade root.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a turbomachine blade according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIGS. 2 and 3 is a perspective view showing the mounting of plates on the blade root of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the blade root of Figures 2 and 3 once mounted;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a blade root comprising an oblong hole according to another embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view showing the mounting of the root of a blade of Figure 4 on a rotor disc;
- FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the rotor disk of FIG. 6 provided with blades of FIG. 4.
- the invention is applicable to various types of turbine engine composite material blades, in particular compressor and turbine blades of different gas turbine bodies, for example a low-pressure turbine rotor disk blade, such as that illustrated in Figure 1.
- the blade 10 of Figure 1 comprises a blade 12, a foot 14 formed by a portion of greater thickness and extended by a stilt 16, and a platform 18 located between the stilt 16 and the blade 12.
- the blade may also comprise, as illustrated here, a heel 19 in the vicinity of the free end 20 of the blade.
- the blade 12 forms an aerodynamic surface extending longitudinally from the platform 18 to its free end
- the blade 10 is made of composite material from processes known to those skilled in the art.
- composite material is meant here any material formed from a fibrous reinforcement filled by a matrix such as ceramic matrix materials (CMC)
- the blade 10 further has, at its foot 14, two opposite lateral flanks 22, 24 which are substantially planar and which are formed in the respective extension of the intrados 12a and extrados 12b surfaces of the blade 12.
- the foot 14 of the blade 10 is sandwiched between two metal plates 26, 28 respectively fixed against the lateral flanks 22, 24 of the foot.
- Fixing the metal plates 26 and 28 is effected by means of at least one screw 30 and a nut 40 passing through, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lateral flanks, the orifices 260 and 280 formed respectively in the plates 26 and 28 and a orifice 25 formed through the foot 14 of the blade.
- the nut 40 is preferably a self-locking nut.
- the aperture 25 of the root of the blade is added during the dawn manufacturing process, either by the use of a correspondingly shaped insert during weaving, or by drilling the foot after the first infiltration.
- the screw 30 comprises a frustoconical shaped head 31 cooperating with a chamfer 261 formed in the plate 26 while the nut 40 has a head 41 also of frustoconical shape cooperating with a chamfer 281 formed in the In this way, the screw head and the nut head do not protrude from the outer surface of the plates 26 and 28 and allow the insertion of the blade root in small housings.
- the screw 30 comprises a threaded rod 32 cooperating with a tapping 43 formed inside a hollow rod 42 of the nut 40 during the clamping of the fixing link plates.
- the nut 40 comprises at level of its head 41 a flat 410 for cooperating with a flat 282 formed in the chamfer 281 of the plate 28 to counter the rotation of the nut 40 when tightened with the screw 30.
- the tightening of the screw 30 with the nut 40 is carried out according to a minimum clamping force capable of ensuring a frictional absorption between the metal plates 26 and 28 and the lateral flanks 22 and 24 of the foot of dawn of a centrifugal force or determined tensile force applied to the dawn.
- the minimum clamping force must make it possible to ensure a non-slip contact between, on the one hand, the inner face 26a of the metal plate 26 and the flank 22 of the blade root 14 and, on the other hand , the inner face 28a of the metal plate 28 and the flank 24 of the blade root 14.
- the contact between the metal plates and the flanks of the blade root must remain non-slip in relation to the maximum tensile stress encountered in operation which corresponds to the maximum centrifugal force exerted on the blade during its use.
- the minimum clamping force to be applied to the plates is calculated from the following formula:
- Clamping force centrifugal force applied to the dawn / coefficient of friction
- the tightening of the screw is for example carried out with a torque wrench which makes it possible to control the clamping force applied.
- the inner faces 26a and 28a of the metal plates 26 and 28 respectively opposite the flanks 22 and 24 of the blade root 14 may comprise a structured surface in order to achieve mechanical anchoring of the metal plates on the flanks of the blade root.
- the inner faces 26a and 28a of the metal plates 26 and 28 each have a straight knurling 265, 285 oriented perpendicularly to the axis of the blade and, therefore, in the direction of the tensile force applied at dawn.
- knurling a coefficient of friction is obtained between the plates and the flanks of the blade root close to 1, the clamping force to be applied in this case being equal to the maximum centrifugal force.
- Knurling can also be crossed or streaked.
- the coefficient of friction between the plates and flanks of the blade root can also be increased by forming a rough layer or abrasive, such as a solder layer, between the metal plates and the flanks of the blade root.
- the passage opening of the connection formed in the blade root may have an oblong shape, as shown in Figure 5 which shows a foot 114 of a blade 100 having a passage opening 125 of oblong shape extending in the length of the blade 100.
- the orifice passage of the binding formed in the blade root may have other suitable forms such as scalloping.
- a material having coefficient of thermal expansion greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the plates so that, during the rise in temperature, the screw-nut system expands less than the plates thus ensuring the maintenance of the preload applied to the plates.
- the screw and the nut can be made of high-performance nickel-based alloy Haynes® 242® or Waspaloy® while the plates are made of stainless steel A286 or Inconel® 718.
- the blade, the metal plates, the screw and the nut are made of materials that preferably have thermal expansion coefficients that evolve similarly over all or part of a temperature range between 0 ° C. and 800 ° C. Indeed, having a quasi-homothety in the evolution curves of the thermal expansion coefficients of all of these elements, the holding of the clamping is better controlled during temperature changes.
- a blade of composite material with stainless steel plates A286 or Inconel® 718 and a nickel-based high-performance nickel-alloy screw-nut system of Haynes® 242® or Waspaloy® type have thermal expansion coefficients evolving identically.
- the metal plates are machined in a shape to give the blade root a geometry adapted to the housing of the disk or wheel in which it must be inserted.
- the plates 26 and 28 are machined so as to form respectively reduced thickness portions 262 and 282 conferring on the blade root when mounted thereon a bulbous shape adapted to cooperate with a housing 51 of a rotor disc 50 as shown in Figures 6 and 7.
- each blade 10 is mounted on the disc 50 by engaging the foot 14 sandwiched between the plates 26 and 28 in a housing or cell 51.
- Each housing 51 is separated from the adjacent housing by a tooth 52 having an upper portion 53 having a bulged shape for retaining the blade during rotation of the disc.
- the plates 26 have two portions 263 and 264 protruding from the outer surface of the plate and extending substantially perpendicular to that surface.
- the plates 28 comprise two portions 283 and 284 protruding from the outer surface of the plate and extending substantially perpendicularly to this surface.
- the portions 263, 264, 283 and 284 play both the role of an anti-tip wall for the blade and provide a sealing function, the portions 263 and 264 of a blade respectively coming into contact with each other. portions 283 and 284 of another adjacent blade.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1354797A FR3006368B1 (fr) | 2013-05-28 | 2013-05-28 | Aube de disque de rotor avec retenue du pied par frottement |
| PCT/FR2014/051231 WO2014191670A1 (fr) | 2013-05-28 | 2014-05-26 | Aube de disque de rotor avec retenue du pied par frottement, disque de rotor, turbomachine et procédé d'assemblage associé |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3004554A1 true EP3004554A1 (fr) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP3004554B1 EP3004554B1 (fr) | 2022-12-28 |
Family
ID=49322485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14731728.3A Active EP3004554B1 (fr) | 2013-05-28 | 2014-05-26 | Aube de disque de rotor pour turbomachine, disque de rotor de turbomachine, turbomachine et procédé d'assemblage de plaques sur un pied d'aube |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10132171B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3004554B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2913030C (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3006368B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014191670A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6082193B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-20 | 2017-02-15 | 株式会社Ihi | 翼の連結部構造及びこれを用いたジェットエンジン |
| RU174793U1 (ru) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-11-02 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Инжиниринговый центр "Газотурбинные технологии" | Рабочая лопатка турбомашины |
| GB201704832D0 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-10 | Rolls Royce Plc | Fan |
| US10759063B1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2020-09-01 | X Development Llc | Reusable mechanically fused dovetail retainer mechanisms |
| US11073030B1 (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-07-27 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Airfoil attachment for gas turbine engines |
| FR3114347B1 (fr) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-08-12 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Aube de soufflante comprenant un système anti-pivotement amélioré |
| US11668200B2 (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-06-06 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Vane with pin mount and anti-rotation |
| IT202100029963A1 (it) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-05-26 | Ge Avio Srl | Motore a turbina a gas comprendente un complesso di pale rotanti. |
| FR3141966A1 (fr) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-17 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Elément de Rotor pour turbomachine à aubes composites liées à un disque métallique |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1669388A (en) * | 1926-01-21 | 1928-05-08 | Chapman Machine Company | Means for attaching blades to handles |
| US2684831A (en) * | 1947-11-28 | 1954-07-27 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Turbine and like rotor |
| US2949278A (en) * | 1956-07-05 | 1960-08-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Turbine blade retention |
| US6953509B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2005-10-11 | The Boeing Company | Method for preparing pre-coated, metallic components and components prepared thereby |
| US8075280B2 (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2011-12-13 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Composite blade and method of manufacture |
| FR2939129B1 (fr) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-08-22 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | Aube de turbomachine en materiau composite et procede pour sa fabrication. |
| FR2941487B1 (fr) * | 2009-01-28 | 2011-03-04 | Snecma | Aube de turbomachine en materiau composite a pied renforce |
| US8727730B2 (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2014-05-20 | General Electric Company | Composite turbine bucket assembly |
| US9527777B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-12-27 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Compliant layer for ceramic components and methods of forming the same |
-
2013
- 2013-05-28 FR FR1354797A patent/FR3006368B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-05-26 CA CA2913030A patent/CA2913030C/fr active Active
- 2014-05-26 US US14/893,744 patent/US10132171B2/en active Active
- 2014-05-26 EP EP14731728.3A patent/EP3004554B1/fr active Active
- 2014-05-26 WO PCT/FR2014/051231 patent/WO2014191670A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2014191670A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2913030C (fr) | 2021-11-09 |
| US20160108744A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
| WO2014191670A1 (fr) | 2014-12-04 |
| US10132171B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
| EP3004554B1 (fr) | 2022-12-28 |
| CA2913030A1 (fr) | 2014-12-04 |
| FR3006368B1 (fr) | 2015-07-03 |
| FR3006368A1 (fr) | 2014-12-05 |
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