EP2999868A1 - Dispositif de determination de la pression absolue dans un cylindre de moteur thermique - Google Patents
Dispositif de determination de la pression absolue dans un cylindre de moteur thermiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2999868A1 EP2999868A1 EP14731707.7A EP14731707A EP2999868A1 EP 2999868 A1 EP2999868 A1 EP 2999868A1 EP 14731707 A EP14731707 A EP 14731707A EP 2999868 A1 EP2999868 A1 EP 2999868A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor
- combustion chamber
- pressure
- absolute pressure
- cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
- F02B77/085—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices with sensors measuring combustion processes, e.g. knocking, pressure, ionization, combustion flame
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
- F02D2400/08—Redundant elements, e.g. two sensors for measuring the same parameter
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for determining the absolute pressure in a thermal engine cylinder and to the associated determination method.
- a heat engine, or internal combustion engine comprises at least one combustion chamber whose volume is variable depending on the position of a piston sliding inside thereof, during a motor cycle.
- the variation of the position of the piston causes a variation of the volume of the chamber, and therefore of the pressure prevailing inside it.
- it is essential to know the evolution of the pressure in each chamber during an engine cycle, whether it is a two-stroke engine or a four-stroke engine, and whatever the nature of the fuel used.
- pressure sensors adapted to high pressure levels of up to 250 bar in certain applications are installed in a cylinder head of the engine, and thus send back a signal allowing to know a relative pressure in the engine. combustion chamber.
- Such sensors may for example be of the piezoelectric type.
- a method usually used to determine this absolute pressure involves the use of an additional sensor, measuring the pressure gases in an intake duct or an exhaust duct of the engine.
- the pressure level in this type of duct being much lower than that of the combustion chamber, it is then possible to use absolute pressure measuring sensors, such as, for example, piezoresistive sensors.
- This method consists in choosing a particular instant, for which the pressure in the intake duct is equal to the pressure in the chamber, and then calculating the correction to be made to the overall measurement of the relative pressure in the combustion chamber, for obtain the absolute pressure in said chamber.
- This method has the disadvantage of being approximate insofar as it does not take into account neither the pressure drops at the passage of the valve, nor the acoustic phenomena in the conduits, corresponding to variations in the instantaneous pressure.
- An absolute pressure determination device makes it possible to determine the absolute pressure in a combustion chamber of a heat engine during a cycle of said engine, by overcoming the drawbacks of the state of the art.
- the invention relates to a device for determining the absolute pressure in a cylinder of a heat engine having a cylinder head, said cylinder comprising a movable piston, able to define a combustion chamber of variable volume, said device comprising less a first sensor implanted in said cylinder head for measuring a relative pressure in said combustion chamber during a motor cycle.
- the main characteristic of a device according to the invention is that it comprises at least a second pressure sensor, whose position in the cylinder allows a measurement of the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber only when the volume of said chamber tends to a maximum value, the pressure measurements obtained with each first sensor and with each second sensor being combined to determine the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber during a complete engine cycle.
- the principle of the device according to the invention is to create an absolute pressure reference on a restricted pressure range thanks to the second sensor, then to reset on this reference the curve of variation of the relative pressure obtained with the first sensor over a whole engine cycle, to obtain the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber at each instant of a motor cycle. It is recalled that the volume of the combustion chamber is variable during a motor cycle, by means of the sliding of the piston in the cylinder.
- the second sensor is positioned in the cylinder so as to undergo at least one occultation phase by the piston and at least one phase where it is no longer obscured by the piston during a motor cycle.
- the expression "tends towards a maximum value" means that the volume of the chamber is at least equal to 90% of its maximum volume.
- a determination device comprises a single first sensor and a single second sensor per combustion chamber.
- an engine generally comprises several cylinders, and the determination device according to the invention is reproduced for each combustion chamber thus defined.
- the second sensor is implanted in a wall delimiting the combustion chamber, so that it can take measurements of the absolute pressure only after the withdrawal of the piston, when the volume of said chamber tends to a value Max.
- the piston is slid into the cylinder between a first extreme position for which the volume of the combustion chamber is maximum, and a second extreme position for which said volume is minimum.
- the location of the second sensor in the cylinder is chosen so that it is hidden by the piston, when it moves between the second end position and a position close to the first end position.
- the second sensor is placed near the position of the piston at the bottom dead center.
- said second piston can acquire absolute pressure measurements in the combustion chamber, only when the piston is in a position corresponding to the bottom dead center.
- the volume of said chamber is maximum.
- each first sensor is a piezoelectric sensor.
- each second sensor is a piezoresistive sensor.
- the subject of the invention is a method for determining the absolute pressure in a cylinder of a heat engine on a complete engine cycle, from a device according to the invention.
- a step of measuring the relative pressure in the combustion chamber during a complete engine cycle a step of measuring the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber during the phases of the engine cycle for which the volume of said chamber tends towards a maximum value
- the measurement of the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber by means of the second sensor when the volume of said chamber tends to a maximum value serves as a reference point to match the measurement of the relative pressure by the first one. sensor for the same volume of said chamber.
- the curve of the variation of the relative pressure over a whole engine cycle is thus shifted, the resulting curve being perfectly representative of the variation of the absolute pressure in the combustion chamber during an entire engine cycle.
- a device for determining the absolute pressure in a combustion chamber of a heat engine has the advantage of being simple to implement while remaining small in size. It also has the advantage of offering reliable and accurate measurements by means of sensors that have been extensively tested and conveniently positioned in an engine cylinder. It finally has the advantage of being able to be arranged in any type of heat engine, having at least one cylinder, and whatever the size and geometry of said cylinder.
- FIG. 1 is a view in axial section of a cylinder of a heat engine in which a device according to the invention is mounted
- FIG. 2 is an example of a curve illustrating the variation of the relative pressure in a combustion chamber as a function of the position of the piston
- FIG. 3 is an example of a curve illustrating the variation of the absolute pressure measured in a combustion chamber as a function of the position of the piston, the volume of said chamber tending towards a maximum value
- FIG. 4 is an example of three curves illustrating the variation of the relative pressure in a combustion chamber as a function of the position of the piston, the absolute pressure measured in a combustion chamber when its volume tends towards a maximum value, as well as the absolute pressure as a function of the position of said piston.
- a heat engine for example a motor vehicle engine, comprises at least one cylinder 2 delimited by a hollow cylindrical wall 3 and in which is able to slide a piston 4 connected to a crankshaft by means of The sliding piston 4 and the wall 3 of the cylinder 2 delimit a combustion chamber 6, the volume of which varies according to the position of the piston 4 in the cylinder 2.
- the piston 4 can move between a first extreme position corresponding to the bottom dead point (PMB) and for which the volume of the chamber 6 is maximum, and a second extreme position corresponding to the top dead center (TDC) and for which the volume of said chamber 6 is minimal.
- PMB bottom dead point
- TDC top dead center
- a device making it possible to determine the absolute pressure in a combustion chamber 6 of a heat engine during an entire engine cycle, comprises at least a first piezoelectric type sensor capable of carrying out measurements of pressure beyond 250bars and at least one second sensor 7 piezoresistive type.
- Each first sensor (not shown in the figure) is located in a cylinder head of the engine 1 and makes it possible to measure the relative pressure in the combustion chamber 6 during an entire engine cycle.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the variation of the relative pressure, measured by the first sensor in a combustion chamber 6 during a motor cycle, as a function of the position of the piston 4 in the cylinder 2, translated into crankshaft angle. It can be seen in this example that the maximum pressure in the chamber 6 can reach up to about 160bars.
- the second sensor 7 is implanted in the cylinder 2 near the position of the piston 4 corresponding to the PMB, that is to say the position of the piston 4 for which the volume of the combustion chamber 6 tends towards a maximum value and therefore for which the pressure inside said chamber 6 tends to a minimum value.
- the piston 4 when the piston 4 is in a position corresponding to the PMB, it allows the second sensor 7 to make absolute pressure measurements in the combustion chamber 6, and, as soon as it moves from this position to to reach a position corresponding to the PMH, it occults virtually instantaneously said second sensor 7 by preventing it from making absolute pressure measurements in said chamber 6.
- the second sensor 7 can only perform measurements when the pressure in the chamber 6 is low and therefore not likely to damage said sensor 7, since the piston 4 is interposed by protecting it.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of the variation of the absolute pressure, measured by the second sensor 7 in a combustion chamber 6 when the position of the piston 4 in the cylinder 2 varies around its end position corresponding to the PMB.
- the pressure levels reached in the chamber 6 around this extreme position are lower and only rise to a few bars.
- a device makes it possible to carry out a method for determining the absolute pressure in a chamber a combustion engine 6 of a heat engine 1 during a complete engine cycle, said method comprising the three major steps:
- the principle of such a method consists in assigning an absolute character to the measurements of the relative pressure obtained in the combustion chamber 6 with the first sensor on a complete motor cycle, by setting the curve representative of these measurements on the some reference points obtained in terms of absolute pressure with the second sensor 7.
- the value of the absolute pressure measured in the combustion chamber 6 by the second sensor 7 is less than the relative pressure measured with the first sensor in said chamber 6 when the same phase of the engine cycle, since the relative pressure does not include the pressure drop or the acoustic phenomena.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1354586A FR3005998B1 (fr) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | Dispositif de determination de la pression absolue dans un cylindre de moteur thermique |
| PCT/FR2014/051205 WO2014188133A1 (fr) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Dispositif de determination de la pression absolue dans un cylindre de moteur thermique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2999868A1 true EP2999868A1 (fr) | 2016-03-30 |
| EP2999868B1 EP2999868B1 (fr) | 2017-04-05 |
Family
ID=48782509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14731707.7A Not-in-force EP2999868B1 (fr) | 2013-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Dispositif de determination de la pression absolue dans un cylindre de moteur thermique |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2999868B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3005998B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014188133A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6047836A (ja) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-03-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の空燃比制御方法 |
| JP2009092028A (ja) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関 |
-
2013
- 2013-05-22 FR FR1354586A patent/FR3005998B1/fr active Active
-
2014
- 2014-05-22 WO PCT/FR2014/051205 patent/WO2014188133A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-22 EP EP14731707.7A patent/EP2999868B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014188133A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3005998B1 (fr) | 2015-05-15 |
| WO2014188133A1 (fr) | 2014-11-27 |
| FR3005998A1 (fr) | 2014-11-28 |
| EP2999868B1 (fr) | 2017-04-05 |
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