EP2991864A1 - Method for providing haptic information for a driver of a motor vehicle, and brake system - Google Patents

Method for providing haptic information for a driver of a motor vehicle, and brake system

Info

Publication number
EP2991864A1
EP2991864A1 EP14708247.3A EP14708247A EP2991864A1 EP 2991864 A1 EP2991864 A1 EP 2991864A1 EP 14708247 A EP14708247 A EP 14708247A EP 2991864 A1 EP2991864 A1 EP 2991864A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
brake pedal
driver
release valve
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14708247.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco Besier
Matthias Muntu
Georg Roll
Jens Jäger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP2991864A1 publication Critical patent/EP2991864A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072—Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • B60T8/4081—Systems with stroke simulating devices for driver input
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/662—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems characterised by specified functions of the control system components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/745—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on a hydraulic system, e.g. a master cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a brake system according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • hydraulic vehicle brake systems which are designed as power-brake systems and in addition to a muscle-operated master cylinder, are hydraulically connected to the wheel brakes and provides the pressure and volume for actuating wheel brakes, include a further, electrically controllable pressure and volume delivery device in a "brake In the event of failure of the electrically controllable pressure and volume supply device, the wheel brakes are actuated solely by the muscular force of the vehicle driver.
  • Brake system with a brake pedal operable master cylinder, a waysimulator and a pressure supply device known.
  • the wheel brakes are pressurized in a "brake-by-wire" mode by the pressure delivery device, the master cylinder and thus the driver are separated from the wheel brakes via closed isolating valves, thus providing the driver with brake control in the event of anti-lock control -by-wire "mode no brake pedal feedback.
  • the invention is based on the idea to use for haptic information of the driver connected to the pressure chamber of the master cylinder ⁇ release valve, by means of which the simulation device, or in other words the effect of the simulation device, on and off. It is thus carried out in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of the release valve a brake pedal reaction.
  • the invention offers the advantage of employing a simulator release valve, which is frequently present in a brake-by-wire brake system with a brake pedal feel simulator, for the driver's haptic information, thereby enabling a cost-effective haptic information channel to the driver.
  • the method in particular the processing performed by the connected to the pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder release ⁇ valve brake pedal reaction, "ke-by-wire flying colors" in a; mode is preferably carried out, in which the driver separately decoupled from the wheel brakes of the brake system hydraulic or is.
  • the brake pedal feedback is preferably performed in the form of a change in the driver's perceived stiffness of the brake pedal.
  • the brake pedal reaction by means of the release valve at the beginning an antilock control or an electronic brake force distribution function performed so that the driver is informed of the onset of the control or the function.
  • the brake pedal feedback is applied immediately at the beginning of anti-skid control or an electronic braking force distribution function, i. upon entry into the anti-skid control or braking force distribution function, in order to allow the driver to drive directly, e.g. about the blocking limit of the wheel (s).
  • the brake pedal reaction when an inlet valve of a wheel brake is closed in a "flying colors ke-by-wire" mode is preferably carried out by means of the Release Certificates ⁇ beventils.
  • the initial closing of the intake valve via the brake pedal is particularly preferably directly confirmed.
  • the brake pedal reaction by means of Release valve is particularly preferably performed when in the "brake-by-wire" mode during a brake pedal operation, the inlet valve is closed.
  • a brake pedal reaction when closing an intake valve by a brake function eg ABS (anti-lock control) or EBV (electronic brake force distribution) of the brake system is performed.
  • the invention preferably relates to a method for setting a suitable brake pedal feedback for the driver during an ABS control.
  • the simulation device generates a basic brake pedal characteristic by means of a passive simulator spring, which assigns a pedal travel to a given pedal force in unchanged constant relation.
  • the release valve is preferred partially and / or temporarily closed. As a result, the rigidity in the brake pedal is increased in a simple manner.
  • the flow resistance of the release valve is preferably varied.
  • the master cylinder in the "brake-by-wire" mode, is separated from the brake circuit (s), for example by means of one or more isolation valves.
  • the pressure chamber of the master cylinder via the release valve with the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable.
  • the pressure chamber of the main ⁇ brake cylinder is hydraulically connected via the release valve with a standing under Atmo ⁇ spherical pressure pressure fluid reservoir or connectable.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a brake system for motor vehicles, which can be controlled in a "brake-by-wire" mode both by the driver and independently of the driver, preferably in the "brake-by-wire” mode is operated and can be operated in at least one fallback mode.
  • the invention also relates to a brake system in which a method according to the invention it ⁇ is performed.
  • the brake system preferably comprises an electrically actuatable, in particular normally open, intake valve per wheel brake for setting wheel-specific brake pressures.
  • the brake system further comprises an electric operable, in particular normally closed, the outlet valve ⁇ each wheel brake for adjusting wheel-individual brake pressures.
  • the brake system comprises a master cylinder with a housing and two pistons defining two pressure chambers in the housing, to each of which a brake circuit with wheel brakes can be connected or connected.
  • the brake system preferably comprises an electrically controllable pressure supply device, which is connected or connectable to the, in particular each, brake circuit.
  • the brake system comprises an electrically operable, in particular normally closed, Zuschaltventil ever
  • Brake circuit for the hydraulic connection of the pressure supply device with the brake circuit.
  • the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable to at least one pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder.
  • the pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder via the release valve with the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable.
  • the simulation device is connected or connectable to an annular hydraulic chamber of the master cylinder, wherein a Druckbe ⁇ aufschlagung the chamber causes a force against the actuation direction on the brake pedal operated piston of the master cylinder.
  • the pressure chamber of the master cylinder is preferably hydraulically connected via the release valve with a pressure medium reservoir under atmospheric pressure or
  • the electronic control unit of the brake system is preferably designed to control the release valve.
  • the electronic control and regulating ⁇ unit in addition to controlling the Drucklekes- device, the isolation valves, the Zuschaltventile and the valve executed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a second embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail of a third embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • the brake system essentially comprises an actuatable by means of an actuating or brake pedal 1 hydraulic actuation unit 2, a travel simulator or simulation device 3 acting together with the hydraulic actuation unit 2, an accumulator tank 4 assigned to the hydraulic actuation unit 2 and under atmospheric pressure, an electrically controllable one
  • Pressure supply device 5 and an electrically controllable pressure modulation device for setting wheel-specific brake pressures. Furthermore, the brake system comprises an electronic control unit 12.
  • the unspecified pressure modulating means comprises, for example according to each wheel brake 8, 9, 10, 11 of a non Darge ⁇ presented motor vehicle, an intake valve 6a-6d and an exhaust valve 7a-7d, which in pairs hydraulically interconnected via center terminals and to the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 are connected.
  • the inlet ports of the inlet valves 6a-6d are supplied with pressure via brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b, which are derived in a "brake-by-wire" mode from a system pressure in a system pressure line 38 connected to a pressure chamber 37 of the electrically controllable pressure supply device 5
  • brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b which are derived in a "brake-by-wire" mode from a system pressure in a system pressure line 38 connected to a pressure chamber 37 of the electrically controllable pressure supply device 5
  • a check valve 50a-50d opening toward the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b is connected in parallel with the inlet valves 6a-6d, so that the pressure in a wheel brake circuit 43 during normal operation is never higher than the pressure in the pressure chamber 37.
  • the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b are supplied with the pressures of the pressure chambers 17, 18 of the actuating unit 2 via hydraulic lines 22a, 22b If the system pressure prevails, a preferably redundant pressure sensor 19 is provided.
  • the hydraulic actuator 2 has in a housing 21 on two serially arranged pistons 15, 16, limit the hyd ⁇ raulische chambers or pressure chambers 17, 18, which together with the pistons 15, 16 a dual-circuit master brake cylinder or a tandem master cylinder.
  • the pressure chambers 17, 18 are on the one hand in the piston 15, 16 formed radial bores and corresponding pressure equalization lines 41a, 41b with the pressure medium reservoir 4 in connection, which can be shut off by a relative movement of the piston 15, 16 in the housing 21, and on the other hand by means of hydraulic lines 22a, 22b with the already mentioned brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b in connection.
  • the pressure chambers 17, 18 take unspecified return springs, which position the pistons 15, 16 when the master cylinder 2 is not actuated in a starting position.
  • a piston rod 24 couples the pivoting movement of the brake pedal 1 due to a pedal operation with the
  • the corresponding piston travel signal is a measure of the brake pedal actuation angle. It represents a braking request of a driver.
  • Simulation device 3 is, for example, hydraulically coupled to master brake cylinder 2 and consists essentially of a simulator chamber 29, a simulator spring chamber 30 and a two chambers 29, 30 separated from each other
  • Simulator piston 31 simulant piston 31 is supported by a arranged in Simulatorfederhunt 30 elastic element (eg, a spring), which is advantageously biased on the housing 21 from.
  • the simulator chamber 29 can be connected to the first pressure chamber 17 of the tandem master cylinder 2 by means of an electrically actuated, advantageously normally closed, (simulator) release valve 32.
  • an electrically actuated, advantageously normally closed, (simulator) release valve 32 Upon specification of a pedal force and activated (Simula ⁇ tor) release valve 32 pressure fluid flows from Hauptbremszy- cylinder pressure chamber 17 in the simulator chamber 29.
  • a non-parallel to the release valve 32 arranged check valve ⁇ 34 allows independent of the switching state of the free ⁇ gabeventils 32 a largely unhindered Backflow of the pressure medium from the simulator chamber 29 to the master cylinder pressure chamber 17. Simulation device 3 can therefore be switched on and off by means of the release valve 32.
  • the electrically controllable pressure supply device 5 is designed as a hydraulic cylinder-piston arrangement or a single-circuit electrohydraulic actuator whose piston 36 is actuated by a schematically indicated electric motor 35 with the interposition of a rotationally-translational gearbox also shown schematically.
  • a schematically indicated electric motor 35 with the interposition of a rotationally-translational gearbox also shown schematically.
  • One of the detection of the rotor position of the electric motor 35 serving, only schematically indicated rotor position sensor is designated by the reference numeral 44.
  • a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the motor winding may also be used.
  • the piston 36 defines a pressure chamber 37.
  • the actuator pressure generated by the force effect of the piston 36 on the pressure medium enclosed in the pressure chamber 37 actuator pressure is fed into the system pressure line 38 and detected with the system pressure sensor 19.
  • the system pressure line 38 is connected to the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b via the connection valves 26a, 26b 11.
  • the pressure medium previously displaced from the pressure chamber 37 of the actuator 5 into the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 flows back into the pressure chamber 37 of the actuator 5 in the same way , with the help of the modulation valves 6a-6d, 7a-7d controlled wheel brake the discharged via the outlet valves 7a-7d pressure medium content in the pressure fluid reservoir 4.
  • a sucking of pressure medium in the pressure chamber 37 is possible by a return of the piston 36 with closed Zuschaltventilen 26a, 26b in that pressure medium exits from the container 4 via a non-return valve which opens in the flow direction to the actuator formed Nachsaugventil 52 in the
  • Akuatordruckraum 37 can flow.
  • the control of the electrically actuatable components of the brake system in particular the valves 6a-6d, 7a-7d, 23a, 23b, 26a, 26b, 28, 32 and the electric motor 35 of the Druck washers ⁇ positioning device 5, the electronic control unit 12 is used.
  • the signals from the sensors 19, 20, 25 and 44 are also ver ⁇ works in the electronic control unit 12.
  • master cylinder 2 In a normal brake function of the brake system ("brake-by-wire" mode) master cylinder 2, and thus the driver, from the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 decoupled by the closed separating valves 23 a, 23 b and the
  • Brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b are connected via the open connection valves 26a, 26b to the pressure supply device 5, which provides the system pressure for actuating the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11.
  • Simulation device 3 is closed by the open (simulator) release valve 32, so that the pressure medium volume displaced by the operation of the brake pedal 1 by the driver in the master cylinder 2 is received by the simulation device 3 and the simulation device 3 gives the vehicle driver a familiar brake pedal feel.
  • a brake pressure reduction in the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 can be done by the piston 36 of the pressure supply device 5 is again driven in the direction of the rest position (to the right in Fig. 1). A faster, e.g.
  • the driver is thus disconnected from the wheel brake circuits 43 during active operation (ie in the "brake-by-wire” mode) by the isolation valves 23a, 23b, thus giving the driver no haptic brake pedal reaction even at the beginning of an antilock control closing an intake valve 6a-6d.
  • ABS / ESC brake system noticeable to the driver in the brake pedal.
  • a Bremspe ⁇ dalschreibrial is performed, for example, in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of the pressure chamber of the master cylinder associated release valve 32.
  • Ver ⁇ averaging of the information of the, in particular initial
  • the release valve 32 is preferably a valve, by means of which the fluid flowing out of a pressure chamber (eg, pressure chamber 17 in FIG. 1) of the master brake cylinder during a brake pedal actuation (in particular in the "brake-by-wire" mode) Pressure fluid changed or an outflow resistance of the main ⁇ brake cylinder can be varied.
  • a pressure chamber eg, pressure chamber 17 in FIG. 1
  • the flow resistance of the valve 32 is increased or varied, which leads to the increase in stiffness on the brake pedal 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a second exemplary embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 substantially the master cylinder 2 with brake pedal 1, the simulation device 3, the pressure medium reservoir 4 and the separating valves 23 a, 23 b are shown.
  • the second embodiment largely corresponds to the first embodiment, wherein in the pressure equalization line 41a, however, no diagnostic valve 28 is provided with parallel check valve 27.
  • the first pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 with the simulator chamber 29 of Si is mulations dressed 3 hydraulically connected via an electrically actuable (simulator) enabling valve 32 with parallel ge ⁇ switched off check valve 34 so that Simulati ⁇ ons liked 3 by means of the release valve 32 can be switched on and off ⁇ .
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a third exemplary embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • essentially the master brake cylinder 2 with brake pedal 1, the simulation device 3, the pressure medium reservoir 4 and the isolation valves 23a, 23b are shown.
  • Master brake cylinder 2 has two hydraulic master cylinder pistons 15, 16 arranged one behind the other, which limit the pressure of the pressure chambers 17, 18.
  • the pressure chambers 17, 18 are on the one hand in the master cylinder piston 15, 16 formed radial bores and corresponding Druckaus ⁇ equal lines 41a, 41b with the pressure medium reservoir 4 in connection, which can be shut off by a relative movement of the pistons 15, 16, and on the other hand by means of hydraulic lines 22a, 22b communicate with the isolation valves 23a, 23b.
  • first main ⁇ cylinder piston 15 is for example in accordance with as a stepped piston with a circular area 46 and an annular surface 47 formed with the circular surface 46 of the first pressure chamber 17 and the annular surface of a hydraulic chamber 45 limited 47th
  • a pressure effect in the chamber 45 corresponds to a force acting on the first master cylinder piston 15 counter to the actuating direction.
  • the first pressure chamber 17 and the hydraulic chamber 45 are hydraulically sealed against each other.
  • Simulation device 3 consists essentially of a simulator chamber 29, a simulator spring chamber 30 and a simulator piston 31 separating the two chambers 29, 30 from each other. Simulator piston 31 is supported by a simulator piston 31
  • Simulator spring chamber 30 disposed elastic member (e.g., a spring) on the housing.
  • Simulator chamber 29 is, for example, on the one hand with the pressure fluid reservoir 4 (or the pressure equalization line 41a to the pressure fluid reservoir 4) by means of an electrically operable, advantageously normally open, valve 42 with a parallel connected (in the direction of the pressure medium reservoir closing) check valve 40, and on the other with the annular chamber 45 of the master cylinder 2 connected.
  • the pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 is according to the example with the pressure medium reservoir 4 (or the pressure equalization line 41a to the pressure medium reservoir 4) via a electrically actuated, advantageously currentless ⁇ closed, release valve 32 ⁇ connected.
  • release ⁇ valve 32 ⁇ By means of release ⁇ valve 32 ⁇ , the simulation device 3 is switched on and off.
  • the closed release valve 32 ⁇ of the piston 15 of the master cylinder 2 is not displaced when a brake pedal actuation, and thus the simulation means 3 is switched off.
  • an open release valve 32 ⁇ the piston 15 of the master cylinder 2 can be moved at a brake pedal operation, so that when the valve is closed 42nd
  • Pressure medium is moved into the simulator chamber 29 of the simulation device 3, wherein the known brake pedal feeling is mediated.
  • exemplary brake system is in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of connected to the pressure chamber of the master cylinder release valve 32 ⁇ a brake pedal feedback performed.
  • Pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 changes flowing pressure medium or an outflow resistance of the master cylinder 2 varies.
  • the flow resistance of the valve 32 ⁇ is increased or varied, which leads to the increase in rigidity on the brake pedal 1.
  • Brake pedal operation e.g. the beginning of a
  • ABS Antilock brake control
  • EBV electronic brake force distribution function
  • An advantage of the invention described is that for the haptic brake pedal feedback no additional actuator such as e.g. a soiraktuator in the pedal simulator unit or the brake pedal is needed.
  • the function can be implemented purely via software.
  • release valve 32 and 32 ⁇ is a valve for switching on and off of the simulation device or the brake pedal characteristic of the simulation device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for providing haptic information for a driver of a motor vehicle equipped with a "brake-by-wire" brake system concerning an operational state of the brake system, wherein the brake system comprises a main brake cylinder (2) which can be actuated by means of a brake pedal (1), having at least one pressure chamber (17, 18) which is or can be connected to at least one wheel brake (8, 9; 10, 11), and a simulation device (3) which co-operates with the main brake cylinder (2) and gives the driver a brake pedal sensation in a "brake by wire" operating mode, wherein when a predetermined operational state occurs, in particular in the "brake by wire" operating mode, a brake pedal reaction, in particular a change to the stiffness of the brake pedal (1) sensed by the driver is carried out by means of a disengaging valve (32, 32') which is connected to the pressure chamber (17) of the main brake cylinder (2) and by means of which the action of the simulation device (3) can be switched on and off. The invention further relates to a brake system.

Description

Verfahren zur haptischen Information eines Fahrers eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Bremsanlage Method for haptic information of a driver of a motor vehicle and brake system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 sowie eine Bremsanlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 9. The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a brake system according to the preamble of claim 9.
Es sind hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlagen bekannt, welche als Fremdkraftbremsanlagen ausgebildet sind und neben einem muskelkraftbetätigbaren Hauptbremszylinder, an den Radbremsen hydraulisch angeschlossen sind und der Druck und Volumen zum Betätigen von Radbremsen bereitstellt, eine weitere, elektrisch steuerbare Druck- und Volumenbereitstellungseinrichtung umfassen, die in einer „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart die Radbremsen ansteuert. Bei Ausfall der elektrisch steuerbaren Druck- und Volumenbereitstellungseinrichtung erfolgt eine Betätigung der Radbremsen allein durch die Muskelkraft des Fahrzeugführers. There are known hydraulic vehicle brake systems, which are designed as power-brake systems and in addition to a muscle-operated master cylinder, are hydraulically connected to the wheel brakes and provides the pressure and volume for actuating wheel brakes, include a further, electrically controllable pressure and volume delivery device in a "brake In the event of failure of the electrically controllable pressure and volume supply device, the wheel brakes are actuated solely by the muscular force of the vehicle driver.
Aus der WO 2011/029812 AI ist eine elektrohydraulische From WO 2011/029812 AI is an electro-hydraulic
Bremsanlage mit einem bremspedalbetätigbaren Hauptbremszylinder, einem Wegsimulator und einer Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung bekannt. Die Radbremsen werden in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart durch die Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung mit Druck beaufschlagt. Der Hauptbremszylinder und damit der Fahrzeugführer sind über geschlossene Trennventile von den Radbremsen getrennt. Der Fahrer erhält daher im Falle einer Antiblockierregelung in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart keine Bremspedalrückwirkung . Brake system with a brake pedal operable master cylinder, a waysimulator and a pressure supply device known. The wheel brakes are pressurized in a "brake-by-wire" mode by the pressure delivery device, the master cylinder and thus the driver are separated from the wheel brakes via closed isolating valves, thus providing the driver with brake control in the event of anti-lock control -by-wire "mode no brake pedal feedback.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Bremsanlage vorzuschlagen, das bzw. die, insbesondere mit einfachen elektronischen Mitteln, einen haptischen Informationskanal zur Verfügung stellt, über welchen dem Fahrer, insbesondere während einer Bremsung in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart , elektronisch gesteuert Informationen mitteilbar sind, ohne dass der Eindruck eines Defekts entsteht. It is an object of the present invention to propose a method and a brake system which, in particular with simple electronic means, provides a haptic information channel via which the driver, in particular during a braking process, can be provided with a brake Ke-by-wire mode, electronically controlled Information can be communicated without giving the impression of a defect.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und eine Bremsanlage gemäß Anspruch 9 gelöst. This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a brake system according to claim 9.
Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, zur haptischen Information des Fahrers ein mit dem Druckraum des Hauptbrems¬ zylinders verbundenes Freigabeventil heranzuziehen, mittels welchem die Simulationseinrichtung, oder anders ausgedrückt die Wirkung der Simulationseinrichtung, an- und abschaltbar ist. Es wird also bei Vorliegen eines vorgegebenen Betriebszustandes mittels des Freigabeventils eine Bremspedalrückwirkung durchgeführt . The invention is based on the idea to use for haptic information of the driver connected to the pressure chamber of the master cylinder ¬ release valve, by means of which the simulation device, or in other words the effect of the simulation device, on and off. It is thus carried out in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of the release valve a brake pedal reaction.
Die Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, ein häufig in „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Bremsanlage mit Bremspedalgefühl-Simulator vorhandenes Simulatorfreigabeventil zur haptischen Information des Fahrers einzusetzen. Dies ermöglicht einen kostengünstigen haptischen Informationskanal an den Fahrer. The invention offers the advantage of employing a simulator release valve, which is frequently present in a brake-by-wire brake system with a brake pedal feel simulator, for the driver's haptic information, thereby enabling a cost-effective haptic information channel to the driver.
Bevorzugt wird das Verfahren, insbesondere die mittels des mit dem Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders verbundenen Freigabe¬ ventils durchgeführte Bremspedalrückwirkung, in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart durchgeführt, in welcher der Fahrer von den Radbremsen der Bremsanlage hydraulisch entkoppelt bzw. getrennt ist. The method, in particular the processing performed by the connected to the pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder release ¬ valve brake pedal reaction, "ke-by-wire flying colors" in a; mode is preferably carried out, in which the driver separately decoupled from the wheel brakes of the brake system hydraulic or is.
Die Bremspedalrückwirkung wird bevorzugt in Form einer Änderung der vom Fahrer gefühlten Steifigkeit des Bremspedals durchgeführt . The brake pedal feedback is preferably performed in the form of a change in the driver's perceived stiffness of the brake pedal.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freigabeventils zu Beginn einer Antiblockierregelung oder einer elektronischen Brems- kraftverteilungsfunktion durchgeführt, so dass dem Fahrer das Einsetzen der Regelung bzw. der Funktion mitgeteilt wird. According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the brake pedal reaction by means of the release valve at the beginning an antilock control or an electronic brake force distribution function performed so that the driver is informed of the onset of the control or the function.
Besonders bevorzugt wird die Bremspedalrückwirkung unmittelbar zu Beginn einer Antiblockierregelung oder einer elektronischen Bremskraftverteilungsfunktion, d.h. bei einem Eintritt in die Antiblockierregelung oder Bremskraftverteilungsfunktion, durchgeführt, damit der Fahrer unmittelbar, z.B. über die Blockiergrenze des oder der Räder, informiert wird. More preferably, the brake pedal feedback is applied immediately at the beginning of anti-skid control or an electronic braking force distribution function, i. upon entry into the anti-skid control or braking force distribution function, in order to allow the driver to drive directly, e.g. about the blocking limit of the wheel (s).
Bevorzugt wird die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freiga¬ beventils durchgeführt, wenn in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ein Einlassventil einer Radbremse geschlossen wird. Besonders bevorzugt wird direkt das erstmalige Schließen des Einlassventils über das Bremspedal rückgemeldet. Die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freigabeventils wird besonders bevorzugt durchgeführt, wenn in der „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart während einer Bremspedalbetätigung das Einlassventil geschlossen wird. Vorteilhafterweise wird eine Bremspedalrückwirkung bei Schließen eines Einlassventils durch eine Bremsfunktion (z.B. ABS (Antiblockierregelung) oder EBV (elektronische Bremskraftverteilung) ) der Bremsanlage durchgeführt . Die Erfindung betrifft bevorzugt ein Verfahren zur Einstellung einer geeigneten Bremspedalrückmeldung für den Fahrer während einer ABS-Regelung . The brake pedal reaction when an inlet valve of a wheel brake is closed in a "flying colors ke-by-wire" mode is preferably carried out by means of the Release Certificates ¬ beventils. The initial closing of the intake valve via the brake pedal is particularly preferably directly confirmed. The brake pedal reaction by means of Release valve is particularly preferably performed when in the "brake-by-wire" mode during a brake pedal operation, the inlet valve is closed. Advantageously, a brake pedal reaction when closing an intake valve by a brake function (eg ABS (anti-lock control) or EBV (electronic brake force distribution)) of the brake system is performed. The invention preferably relates to a method for setting a suitable brake pedal feedback for the driver during an ABS control.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung erzeugt die Simula- tionseinrichtung eine Basis-Bremspedalcharakteristik mittels einer passiven Simulatorfeder, die einer gegebenen Pedalkraft in unverändert gleich bleibender Relation einen Pedalweg zuordnet. According to one embodiment of the invention, the simulation device generates a basic brake pedal characteristic by means of a passive simulator spring, which assigns a pedal travel to a given pedal force in unchanged constant relation.
Zur Bremspedalrückwirkung wird das Freigabeventil bevorzugt teilweise und/oder zeitweise geschlossen. Hierdurch wird in einfacher Weise die Steifigkeit im Bremspedal erhöht. For brake pedal feedback, the release valve is preferred partially and / or temporarily closed. As a result, the rigidity in the brake pedal is increased in a simple manner.
Bevorzugt wird zur Bremspedalrückwirkung der Durchflusswi- derstand des Freigabeventils variiert. For the brake pedal reaction, the flow resistance of the release valve is preferably varied.
Besonders bevorzugt ist in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart der Hauptbremszylinder von dem/den Bremskreis (en) , z.B. mittels eines oder mehrerer Trennventile, getrennt. Particularly preferably, in the "brake-by-wire" mode, the master cylinder is separated from the brake circuit (s), for example by means of one or more isolation valves.
Bevorzugt ist der Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders über das Freigabeventil mit der Simulationseinrichtung hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar. Alternativ ist es bevorzugt, dass der Druckraum des Haupt¬ bremszylinders über das Freigabeventil mit einem unter Atmo¬ sphärendruck stehenden Druckmittelvorratsbehälter hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar ist. Bevorzugt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Bremsanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge, die in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart sowohl vom Fahrzeugführer als auch unabhängig vom Fahrzeugführer ansteuerbar ist, vorzugsweise in der„Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart betrieben wird und in mindestens einer Rückfallbetriebsart betrieben werden kann. Preferably, the pressure chamber of the master cylinder via the release valve with the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable. Alternatively, it is preferred that the pressure chamber of the main ¬ brake cylinder is hydraulically connected via the release valve with a standing under Atmo ¬ spherical pressure pressure fluid reservoir or connectable. Preferably, the invention relates to a method for operating a brake system for motor vehicles, which can be controlled in a "brake-by-wire" mode both by the driver and independently of the driver, preferably in the "brake-by-wire" mode is operated and can be operated in at least one fallback mode.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Bremsanlage, in der ein er¬ findungsgemäßes Verfahren durchgeführt wird. Bevorzugt umfasst die Bremsanlage ein elektrisch betätigbares, insbesondere stromlos offenes, Einlassventil je Radbremse zum Einstellen radindividueller Bremsdrücke. The invention also relates to a brake system in which a method according to the invention it ¬ is performed. The brake system preferably comprises an electrically actuatable, in particular normally open, intake valve per wheel brake for setting wheel-specific brake pressures.
Bevorzugt umfasst die Bremsanlage weiterhin ein elektrisch betätigbares, insbesondere stromlos geschlossenes, Auslass¬ ventil je Radbremse zum Einstellen radindividueller Bremsdrücke . Preferably, the brake system further comprises an electric operable, in particular normally closed, the outlet valve ¬ each wheel brake for adjusting wheel-individual brake pressures.
Bevorzugt umfasst die Bremsanlage einen Hauptbremszylinder mit einem Gehäuse und zwei Kolben, die in dem Gehäuse zwei Druckräume begrenzen, an welche jeweils ein Bremskreis mit Radbremsen anschließbar oder angeschlossen ist. Preferably, the brake system comprises a master cylinder with a housing and two pistons defining two pressure chambers in the housing, to each of which a brake circuit with wheel brakes can be connected or connected.
Bevorzugt umfasst die Bremsanlage eine elektrisch steuerbare Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung, welche mit dem, insbesondere jedem, Bremskreis verbunden oder verbindbar ist. The brake system preferably comprises an electrically controllable pressure supply device, which is connected or connectable to the, in particular each, brake circuit.
Bevorzugt umfasst die Bremsanlage ein elektrisch betätigbares, insbesondere stromlos geschlossenes, Zuschaltventil je Preferably, the brake system comprises an electrically operable, in particular normally closed, Zuschaltventil ever
Bremskreis zur hydraulischen Verbindung der Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung mit dem Bremskreis. Brake circuit for the hydraulic connection of the pressure supply device with the brake circuit.
Bevorzugt ist die Simulationseinrichtung mit zumindest einem Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar . Preferably, the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable to at least one pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage ist der Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders über das Freigabeventil mit der Simulationseinrichtung hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar. According to a preferred embodiment of the brake system according to the invention, the pressure chamber of the master brake cylinder via the release valve with the simulation device is hydraulically connected or connectable.
Alternativ ist es bevorzugt, dass die Simulationseinrichtung mit einer ringförmigen, hydraulischen Kammer des Hauptbremszylinders verbunden oder verbindbar ist, wobei eine Druckbe¬ aufschlagung der Kammer eine Kraft entgegen der Betätigungsrichtung auf den Bremspedalbetätigten Kolben des Hauptbremszylinders bewirkt. Der Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders ist bevorzugt über das Freigabeventil mit einem unter Atmosphärendruck stehenden Druckmittelvorratsbehälter hydraulisch verbunden oder Alternatively, it is preferred that the simulation device is connected or connectable to an annular hydraulic chamber of the master cylinder, wherein a Druckbe ¬ aufschlagung the chamber causes a force against the actuation direction on the brake pedal operated piston of the master cylinder. The pressure chamber of the master cylinder is preferably hydraulically connected via the release valve with a pressure medium reservoir under atmospheric pressure or
verbindbar . connectable.
Die elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit der Bremsanlage ist bevorzugt zur Ansteuerung des Freigabeventils ausgeführt. Vorteilhafterweise ist die elektronische Steuer- und Regel¬ einheit zusätzlich zur Ansteuerung der Druckbereitstellungs- einrichtung, der Trennventile, der Zuschaltventile und des Ventils ausgeführt. The electronic control unit of the brake system is preferably designed to control the release valve. Advantageously, the electronic control and regulating ¬ unit in addition to controlling the Druckbereitstellungs- device, the isolation valves, the Zuschaltventile and the valve executed.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung anhand von Figuren. Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims and the following description with reference to figures.
Es zeigt schematisch It shows schematically
Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsge- mäßen Bremsanlage zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, 1 shows a first embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention,
Fig. 2 einen Ausschnitt eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, 2 shows a detail of a second embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention,
Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 3 shows a detail of a third embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
In Fig 1 ist eine erste beispielsgemäße Bremsanlage zurIn Figure 1, a first exemplary brake system for
Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens schematisch dargestellt. Die Bremsanlage umfasst im Wesentlichen eine mittels eines Betätigungs- bzw. Bremspedals 1 betätigbare hydraulische Betätigungseinheit 2, einen mit der hydraulischen Betätigungseinheit 2 zusammen wirkenden Wegsimulator bzw. Simulationseinrichtung 3, einen der hydraulischen Betätigungseinheit 2 zugeordneten, unter Atmosphärendruck stehenden Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4, eine elektrisch steuerbareImplementation of a method according to the invention shown schematically. The brake system essentially comprises an actuatable by means of an actuating or brake pedal 1 hydraulic actuation unit 2, a travel simulator or simulation device 3 acting together with the hydraulic actuation unit 2, an accumulator tank 4 assigned to the hydraulic actuation unit 2 and under atmospheric pressure, an electrically controllable one
Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung 5 und eine elektrisch steuerbare Druckmodulationseinrichtung zum Einstellen radindividueller Bremsdrücke. Weiterhin umfasst die Bremsanlage eine elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit 12. Pressure supply device 5 and an electrically controllable pressure modulation device for setting wheel-specific brake pressures. Furthermore, the brake system comprises an electronic control unit 12.
Die nicht näher bezeichnete Druckmodulationseinrichtung umfasst beispielsgemäß je Radbremse 8, 9, 10, 11 eines nicht darge¬ stellten Kraftfahrzeuges ein Einlassventil 6a-6d und ein Auslassventil 7a-7d, die paarweise über Mittenanschlüsse hydraulisch zusammengeschaltet und an die Radbremsen 8, 9, 10, 11 angeschlossen sind. Die Eingangsanschlüsse der Einlassventile 6a-6d werden mittels Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b mit Drücken versorgt, die in einer „Brake-by-Wire"-Betriebsart aus einem Systemdruck abgeleitet werden, der in einer an einen Druckraum 37 der elektrisch steuerbaren Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung 5 angeschlossenen Systemdruckleitung 38 vorliegt. Den Einlassventilen 6a-6d ist jeweils ein zu den Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil 50a-50d parallel geschaltet, damit der Druck in einem Radbremskreis 43 im Normalbetrieb nie höher ist als der Druck in dem Druckraum 37. In einer unverstärkten Rückfallbetriebsart werden die Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b über hydraulische Leitungen 22a, 22b mit den Drücken der Druckräume 17, 18 der Betätigungseinheit 2 beaufschlagt. Die Ausgangsanschlüsse der Auslassventile 7a-7d sind über eine Rücklaufleitung 14a mit dem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 verbunden. Zum Erfassen des in der Systemdruckleitung 38 herrschenden Systemdruckes ist ein vorzugsweise redundant ausgeführter Drucksensor 19 vorgesehen. Die hydraulische Betätigungseinheit 2 weist in einem Gehäuse 21 zwei hintereinander angeordnete Kolben 15, 16 auf, die hyd¬ raulische Kammern bzw. Druckräume 17, 18 begrenzen, die zusammen mit den Kolben 15, 16 einen zweikreisigen Hauptbremszylinder bzw. einen Tandemhauptzylinder bilden. Die Druckräume 17, 18 stehen einerseits über in den Kolben 15, 16 ausgebildete radiale Bohrungen sowie entsprechende Druckausgleichsleitungen 41a, 41b mit dem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 in Verbindung, wobei diese durch eine Relativbewegung der Kolben 15, 16 im Gehäuse 21 absperrbar sind, und andererseits mittels der hydraulischen Leitungen 22a, 22b mit den bereits genannten Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b in Verbindung. Dabei ist in der Druckausgleichsleitung 41a eine Parallelschaltung eines stromlos offenen (SO-) Diagnoseventils 28 mit einem zum The unspecified pressure modulating means comprises, for example according to each wheel brake 8, 9, 10, 11 of a non Darge ¬ presented motor vehicle, an intake valve 6a-6d and an exhaust valve 7a-7d, which in pairs hydraulically interconnected via center terminals and to the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 are connected. The inlet ports of the inlet valves 6a-6d are supplied with pressure via brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b, which are derived in a "brake-by-wire" mode from a system pressure in a system pressure line 38 connected to a pressure chamber 37 of the electrically controllable pressure supply device 5 In each case, a check valve 50a-50d opening toward the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b is connected in parallel with the inlet valves 6a-6d, so that the pressure in a wheel brake circuit 43 during normal operation is never higher than the pressure in the pressure chamber 37. In an unamplified fallback mode the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b are supplied with the pressures of the pressure chambers 17, 18 of the actuating unit 2 via hydraulic lines 22a, 22b If the system pressure prevails, a preferably redundant pressure sensor 19 is provided. The hydraulic actuator 2 has in a housing 21 on two serially arranged pistons 15, 16, limit the hyd ¬ raulische chambers or pressure chambers 17, 18, which together with the pistons 15, 16 a dual-circuit master brake cylinder or a tandem master cylinder. The pressure chambers 17, 18 are on the one hand in the piston 15, 16 formed radial bores and corresponding pressure equalization lines 41a, 41b with the pressure medium reservoir 4 in connection, which can be shut off by a relative movement of the piston 15, 16 in the housing 21, and on the other hand by means of hydraulic lines 22a, 22b with the already mentioned brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b in connection. In this case, in the pressure equalization line 41a, a parallel connection of a normally open (SO) diagnosis valve 28 with a for
Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 hin schließenden Rückschlagventil 27 enthalten. Die Druckräume 17, 18 nehmen nicht näher bezeichnete Rückstellfedern auf, die die Kolben 15, 16 bei unbetätigtem Hauptbremszylinder 2 in einer Ausgangslage positionieren. Eine Kolbenstange 24 koppelt die Schwenkbewegung des Bremspedals 1 infolge einer Pedalbetätigung mit der Pressure fluid reservoir 4 towards closing check valve 27 included. The pressure chambers 17, 18 take unspecified return springs, which position the pistons 15, 16 when the master cylinder 2 is not actuated in a starting position. A piston rod 24 couples the pivoting movement of the brake pedal 1 due to a pedal operation with the
Translationsbewegung des ersten (Hauptbremszylinder-) Kolbens 15, dessen Betätigungsweg von einem, vorzugsweise redundant ausgeführten, Wegsensor 25 erfasst wird. Dadurch ist das entsprechende Kolbenwegsignal ein Maß für den Bremspedalbe- tätigungswinkel . Es repräsentiert einen Bremswunsch eines Fahrzeugführers .  Translational movement of the first (master cylinder) piston 15 whose actuation travel is detected by a, preferably redundantly designed, displacement sensor 25. As a result, the corresponding piston travel signal is a measure of the brake pedal actuation angle. It represents a braking request of a driver.
In den an die Druckräume 17, 18 angeschlossenen Leitungsab¬ schnitten 22a, 22b ist je ein Trennventil 23a, 23b angeordnet, welches beispielsgemäß als ein elektrisch betätigbares, vor¬ zugsweise stromlos offenes (SO-), 2/2-Wegeventil ausgebildet ist. Durch die Trennventile 23a, 23b kann die hydraulische Verbindung zwischen den Druckräumen 17, 18 und den Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b abgesperrt werden. Ein an den Leitungsabschnitt 22b angeschlossener Drucksensor 20 erfasst den im Druckraum 18 durch ein Verschieben des zweiten Kolbens 16 aufgebauten Druck. In einer Normalbremsfunktion der Bremsanlage („Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart ) ist der Fahrer durch die In the connected to the pressure chambers 17, 18 Leitungsab ¬ sections 22a, 22b is ever a separating valve 23a, 23b arranged, which is beispielsgemäß as an electrically actuated, preferably before ¬ normally open (SO), 2/2-way valve. By the isolation valves 23a, 23b, the hydraulic connection between the pressure chambers 17, 18 and the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b are shut off. One to the Line section 22b connected pressure sensor 20 detects the pressure built up in the pressure chamber 18 by moving the second piston 16 pressure. In a normal brake function of the brake system ("brake-by-wire" mode) is the driver through the
Trennventile 23a, 23b von den Bremskreisen 13a, 13b abgetrennt. Separating valves 23a, 23b separated from the brake circuits 13a, 13b.
Simulationseinrichtung 3 ist beispielsgemäß hydraulisch an den Hauptbremszylinder 2 angekoppelt und besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Simulatorkammer 29, einer Simulatorfederkammer 30 sowie einem die beiden Kammern 29, 30 voneinander trennenden Simulation device 3 is, for example, hydraulically coupled to master brake cylinder 2 and consists essentially of a simulator chamber 29, a simulator spring chamber 30 and a two chambers 29, 30 separated from each other
Simulatorkolben 31. Simulatorkolben 31 stützt sich durch ein in Simulatorfederkammer 30 angeordnetes elastisches Element (z.B. eine Feder) , welches vorteilhafterweise vorgespannt ist, am Gehäuse 21 ab. Die Simulatorkammer 29 ist beispielsgemäß mittels eines elektrisch betätigbaren, vorteilhafterweise stromlos geschlossenen, ( Simulator) Freigabeventils 32 mit dem ersten Druckraum 17 des Tandemhauptbremszylinders 2 verbindbar. Bei Vorgabe einer Pedalkraft und aktiviertem (Simula¬ tor) Freigabeventil 32 strömt Druckmittel vom Hauptbremszy- linder-Druckraum 17 in die Simulatorkammer 29. Ein hydraulisch antiparallel zum Freigabeventil 32 angeordnetes Rückschlag¬ ventil 34 ermöglicht unabhängig vom Schaltzustand des Frei¬ gabeventils 32 ein weitgehend ungehindertes Zurückströmen des Druckmittels von der Simulatorkammer 29 zum Hauptbremszylin- der-Druckraum 17. Simulationseinrichtung 3 ist also mittels des Freigabeventils 32 zu- und abschaltbar. Simulator piston 31 simulant piston 31 is supported by a arranged in Simulatorfederkammer 30 elastic element (eg, a spring), which is advantageously biased on the housing 21 from. By way of example, the simulator chamber 29 can be connected to the first pressure chamber 17 of the tandem master cylinder 2 by means of an electrically actuated, advantageously normally closed, (simulator) release valve 32. Upon specification of a pedal force and activated (Simula ¬ tor) release valve 32 pressure fluid flows from Hauptbremszy- cylinder pressure chamber 17 in the simulator chamber 29. A non-parallel to the release valve 32 arranged check valve ¬ 34 allows independent of the switching state of the free ¬ gabeventils 32 a largely unhindered Backflow of the pressure medium from the simulator chamber 29 to the master cylinder pressure chamber 17. Simulation device 3 can therefore be switched on and off by means of the release valve 32.
Die elektrisch steuerbare Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung 5 ist als eine hydraulische Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnung bzw. ein einkreisiger elektrohydraulischer Aktuator ausgebildet, dessen Kolben 36 von einem schematisch angedeuteten Elektromotor 35 unter Zwischenschaltung eines ebenfalls schematisch dargestellten Rotations-Translationsgetriebes betätigbar ist. Ein der Erfassung der Rotorlage des Elektromotors 35 dienender, lediglich schematisch angedeuteter Rotorlagensensor ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 44 bezeichnet. Zusätzlich kann auch ein Temperatursensor zum Sensieren der Temperatur der Motorwicklung verwendet werden. Der Kolben 36 begrenzt einen Druckraum 37. The electrically controllable pressure supply device 5 is designed as a hydraulic cylinder-piston arrangement or a single-circuit electrohydraulic actuator whose piston 36 is actuated by a schematically indicated electric motor 35 with the interposition of a rotationally-translational gearbox also shown schematically. One of the detection of the rotor position of the electric motor 35 serving, only schematically indicated rotor position sensor is designated by the reference numeral 44. In addition, a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the motor winding may also be used. The piston 36 defines a pressure chamber 37.
Der durch die Kraftwirkung des Kolbens 36 auf das im Druckraum 37 eingeschlossene Druckmittel erzeugte Aktuatordruck wird in die Systemdruckleitung 38 eingespeist und mit dem Systemdrucksensor 19 erfasst. In der „Brake-by-Wire"-Betriebsart wird die Systemdruckleitung 38 über die Zuschaltventile 26a, 26b mit den Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b verbunden. Auf diesem Weg erfolgt bei einer Normalbremsung ein Radbremsdruckauf- und -abbau für alle Radbremsen 8, 9, 10, 11. Beim Druckabbau strömt dabei das vorher aus dem Druckraum 37 des Aktuators 5 in die Radbremsen 8, 9, 10, 11 verschobene Druckmittel auf dem gleichen Wege wieder in den Druckraum 37 des Aktuators 5 zurück. Dagegen strömt bei einer Bremsung mit radindividuell unterschiedlich, mit Hilfe der Modulationsventile 6a-6d, 7a-7d geregelten Radbremsdrücken der über die Auslassventile 7a-7d abgelassene Druckmittelanteil in den Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4. Ein Nachsaugen von Druckmittel in den Druckraum 37 ist durch ein Zurückfahren des Kolbens 36 bei geschlossenen Zuschaltventilen 26a, 26b möglich, indem Druckmittel aus dem Behälter 4 über ein als in Strömungsrichtung zum Aktuator öffnendes Rückschlagventil ausgebildetes Nachsaugventil 52 in den The actuator pressure generated by the force effect of the piston 36 on the pressure medium enclosed in the pressure chamber 37 actuator pressure is fed into the system pressure line 38 and detected with the system pressure sensor 19. In the "brake-by-wire" mode, the system pressure line 38 is connected to the brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b via the connection valves 26a, 26b 11. During the pressure reduction, the pressure medium previously displaced from the pressure chamber 37 of the actuator 5 into the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 flows back into the pressure chamber 37 of the actuator 5 in the same way , with the help of the modulation valves 6a-6d, 7a-7d controlled wheel brake the discharged via the outlet valves 7a-7d pressure medium content in the pressure fluid reservoir 4. A sucking of pressure medium in the pressure chamber 37 is possible by a return of the piston 36 with closed Zuschaltventilen 26a, 26b in that pressure medium exits from the container 4 via a non-return valve which opens in the flow direction to the actuator formed Nachsaugventil 52 in the
Akuatordruckraum 37 strömen kann. Akuatordruckraum 37 can flow.
Der Ansteuerung der elektrisch betätigbaren Komponenten der Bremsanlage, insbesondere der Ventile 6a-6d, 7a-7d, 23a, 23b, 26a, 26b, 28, 32 und des Elektromotors 35 der Druckbereits¬ tellungseinrichtung 5, dient die elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit 12. Die Signale der Sensoren 19, 20, 25 und 44 werden ebenso in der elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit 12 ver¬ arbeitet . In einer Normalbremsfunktion der Bremsanlage („Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ) ist Hauptbremszylinder 2 , und damit der Fahrzeugführer, von den Radbremsen 8, 9, 10, 11 durch die geschlossenen Trennventile 23a, 23b entkoppelt und die The control of the electrically actuatable components of the brake system, in particular the valves 6a-6d, 7a-7d, 23a, 23b, 26a, 26b, 28, 32 and the electric motor 35 of the Druckbereits ¬ positioning device 5, the electronic control unit 12 is used. The signals from the sensors 19, 20, 25 and 44 are also ver ¬ works in the electronic control unit 12. In a normal brake function of the brake system ("brake-by-wire" mode) master cylinder 2, and thus the driver, from the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 decoupled by the closed separating valves 23 a, 23 b and the
Bremskreisversorgungsleitungen 13a, 13b sind über die geöffneten Zuschaltventile 26a, 26b mit der Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung 5 verbunden, welche den Systemdruck zur Betätigung der Radbremsen 8, 9, 10, 11 bereitstellt. Simulationseinrichtung 3 ist durch das geöffnete ( Simulator) Freigabeventil 32 zuge- schaltet, so dass das durch die Betätigung des Bremspedals 1 durch den Fahrer im Hauptbremszylinder 2 verdrängte Druckmittelvolumen durch die Simulationseinrichtung 3 aufgenommen wird und die Simulationseinrichtung 3 dem Fahrzeugführer ein gewohntes Bremspedalgefühl vermittelt. Ein Bremsdruckabbau in den Rad- bremsen 8, 9, 10, 11 kann erfolgen, indem der Kolben 36 der Druckbereitstellungseinrichtung 5 wieder in Richtung der Ruheposition (nach rechts in Fig. 1) gefahren wird. Ein schneller, z.B. radindividueller Bremsdruckabbau, wie er im Falle einer ABS-Regelung benötigt wird, ist aber auch über die Ventile 6a-6d, 7a-7d möglich, indem das entsprechende Einlassventil 6a-6d geschlossen und das zugehörige Auslassventil 7a-7d für eine bestimmte Zeit geöffnet wird. Dann strömt Druckmittel aus der Radbremse durch das Auslassventil über Leitung 14a in den Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4. Brake circuit supply lines 13a, 13b are connected via the open connection valves 26a, 26b to the pressure supply device 5, which provides the system pressure for actuating the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11. Simulation device 3 is closed by the open (simulator) release valve 32, so that the pressure medium volume displaced by the operation of the brake pedal 1 by the driver in the master cylinder 2 is received by the simulation device 3 and the simulation device 3 gives the vehicle driver a familiar brake pedal feel. A brake pressure reduction in the wheel brakes 8, 9, 10, 11 can be done by the piston 36 of the pressure supply device 5 is again driven in the direction of the rest position (to the right in Fig. 1). A faster, e.g. However, wheel-individual brake pressure reduction, as required in the case of ABS control, is also possible via the valves 6a-6d, 7a-7d by the corresponding inlet valve 6a-6d closed and the associated outlet valve 7a-7d is opened for a certain time , Then, pressure medium from the wheel brake flows through the outlet valve via line 14a into the pressure medium reservoir 4.
Bei der aktiven Bremsanlage ist der Fahrer im aktiven Betrieb (d.h. in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart ) also durch die Trennventile 23a, 23b von den Radbremskreisen 43 abgetrennt. So erhält der Fahrer auch zu Beginn einer Antiblockierregelung keine haptische Bremspedalrückwirkung aufgrund eines Schließens eines Einlassventils 6a-6d. In the active brake system, the driver is thus disconnected from the wheel brake circuits 43 during active operation (ie in the "brake-by-wire" mode) by the isolation valves 23a, 23b, thus giving the driver no haptic brake pedal reaction even at the beginning of an antilock control closing an intake valve 6a-6d.
Dies ist anders bei konventionellen (nicht „by-wire") Brems¬ anlagen mit einem Vakuumbremskraftverstärker und einem bekannten ABS/ESC-System. Hier spürt der Fahrer während einer Bremspedalbetätigung, wenn sich zu Beginn einer ABS-Regelbremsung oder einer EBV-Funktion (EBV: elektronische Bremskraftverteilung) ein oder mehrere Radeinlassventile schließen, eine erhöhte Steifigkeit des Bremssystems am Bremspedal. Die Bremspedal- weg/-kraft-Charakteristik wird durch Schließen ein oder mehrerer Radeinlassventile insofern beeinflusst, dass durch Abkoppeln ein oder mehrerer Radbremsen die hydraulische Steifigkeit der Anlage größer wird. Dies ist somit in der konventionellen This is different with conventional (not "by-wire") braking ¬ systems with a vacuum brake booster and a known ABS / ESC system. Here, during a brake pedal actuation, when one or more wheel inlet valves close at the beginning of ABS control braking or EBV (Electronic Brake Distribution) function, the driver senses an increased stiffness of the brake system at the brake pedal. The brake pedal travel / force characteristic is influenced by closing one or more wheel inlet valves in that, by uncoupling one or more wheel brakes, the hydraulic rigidity of the system becomes greater. This is thus in the conventional
ABS/ESC-Bremsanlage für den Fahrer im Bremspedal spürbar. ABS / ESC brake system noticeable to the driver in the brake pedal.
Um dieses für den Fahrer gewohnte Verhalten einer Bremsanlage zu erzielen, wird beispielsgemäß bei Vorliegen eines vorgegebenen Betriebszustandes mittels des mit dem Druckraum des Haupt- bremszylinders verbundenen Freigabeventils 32 eine Bremspe¬ dalrückwirkung durchgeführt. To achieve this usual for the driver behavior of a brake system, a Bremspe ¬ dalrückwirkung is performed, for example, in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of the pressure chamber of the master cylinder associated release valve 32.
Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird zur Ver¬ mittlung der Information des, insbesondere erstmaligen, According to one embodiment of the invention is to Ver ¬ averaging of the information of the, in particular initial,
Schließens eines oder mehrerer Einlassventile in der Bremsanlage während einer Bremspedalbetätigung, also z.B. der Beginn einer ABS-Regelbremsung oder einer EBV, das Freigabeventil 32 genutzt und geeignet geschaltet, um eine geeignete Steifigkeitserhöhung am Bremspedal 1 zu erzeugen und somit dem Fahrer eine haptische Rückmeldung zu geben, dass gerade Einlassventile geschlossen wurden. Der Fahrer weiß somit, dass er unmittelbar an der Blockiergrenze der Reifen ist. Diese Information kann fahrdynamisch sehr hilfreich sein. Bei dem Freigabeventil handelt es sich bevorzugt um ein Ventil, mittels welchem das bei einer Bremspedalbetätigung (insbesondere in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart ) aus einem Druckraum (z.B. Druckraum 17 in Fig. 1) des Hauptbremszylinders abfließende Druckmittel verändert bzw. ein Ausflusswiderstand des Haupt¬ bremszylinders variiert werden kann. Closing of one or more intake valves in the brake system during a brake pedal operation, eg the beginning of an ABS control braking or EBV, the release valve 32 used and switched suitable to produce a suitable increase in stiffness on the brake pedal 1 and thus give the driver a haptic feedback that intake valves have just been closed. The driver thus knows that he is directly at the blocking limit of the tires. This information can be very helpful in driving dynamics. The release valve is preferably a valve, by means of which the fluid flowing out of a pressure chamber (eg, pressure chamber 17 in FIG. 1) of the master brake cylinder during a brake pedal actuation (in particular in the "brake-by-wire" mode) Pressure fluid changed or an outflow resistance of the main ¬ brake cylinder can be varied.
Durch zumindest teilweises und/oder zeitweises Schließen des Freigabeventils 32 wird der Durchflusswiderstand des Ventils 32 erhöht bzw. variiert, was zu der Steifigkeitserhöhung am Bremspedal 1 führt. By at least partially and / or temporarily closing the release valve 32, the flow resistance of the valve 32 is increased or varied, which leads to the increase in stiffness on the brake pedal 1.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Ausschnitt eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. In Fig. 2 sind im Wesentlichen der Hauptbremszylinder 2 mit Bremspedal 1, die Simulationseinrichtung 3, der Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 und die Trennventile 23a, 23b dargestellt. Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht weitestgehend dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei in der Druckausgleichsleitung 41a jedoch kein Diagnoseventil 28 mit parallel geschaltetem Rückschlagventil 27 vorhanden ist. Auch im zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der erste Druckraum 17 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 mit der Simulatorkammer 29 der Si- mulationseinrichtung 3 hydraulisch über ein elektrisch betätigbares ( Simulator) Freigabeventil 32 mit parallel ge¬ schaltetem Rückschlagventil 34 verbunden, so dass Simulati¬ onseinrichtung 3 mittels des Freigabeventils 32 zu- und ab¬ schaltbar ist. FIG. 2 shows a section of a second exemplary embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention. In Fig. 2, substantially the master cylinder 2 with brake pedal 1, the simulation device 3, the pressure medium reservoir 4 and the separating valves 23 a, 23 b are shown. The second embodiment largely corresponds to the first embodiment, wherein in the pressure equalization line 41a, however, no diagnostic valve 28 is provided with parallel check valve 27. Also in the second embodiment, the first pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 with the simulator chamber 29 of Si is mulationseinrichtung 3 hydraulically connected via an electrically actuable (simulator) enabling valve 32 with parallel ge ¬ switched off check valve 34 so that Simulati ¬ onseinrichtung 3 by means of the release valve 32 can be switched on and off ¬ .
Fig. 3 zeigt einen Ausschnitt eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsanlage zur Durchführung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens . Auch hier sind im Wesentlichen der Hauptbremszylinder 2 mit Bremspedal 1, die Simulationsein- richtung 3, der Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 und die Trennventile 23a, 23b dargestellt. FIG. 3 shows a section of a third exemplary embodiment of a brake system according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention. Here, too, essentially the master brake cylinder 2 with brake pedal 1, the simulation device 3, the pressure medium reservoir 4 and the isolation valves 23a, 23b are shown.
Hauptbremszylinder 2 weist zwei hintereinander angeordnete hydraulische Hauptbremszylinderkolben 15, 16 auf, die hyd- raulische Druckräume 17, 18 begrenzen. Die Druckräume 17, 18 stehen einerseits über in den Hauptbremszylinderkolben 15, 16 ausgebildete radiale Bohrungen sowie entsprechende Druckaus¬ gleichsleitungen 41a, 41b mit dem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 in Verbindung, wobei diese durch eine Relativbewegung der Kolben 15, 16 absperrbar sind, und andererseits mittels hydraulischer Leitungen 22a, 22b mit den Trennventilen 23a, 23b in Verbindung. Der mit dem Bremspedal 1 mechanisch gekoppelte, erste Haupt¬ bremszylinderkolben 15 ist beispielsgemäß als ein Stufenkolben mit einer Kreisfläche 46 und einer Ringfläche 47 ausgebildet, wobei die Kreisfläche 46 den ersten Druckraum 17 und die Ringfläche 47 eine hydraulische Kammer 45 begrenzt. Dabei entspricht eine Druckwirkung in der Kammer 45 einer Kraft, die auf den ersten Hauptbremszylinderkolben 15 entgegen der Be- tätigungsrichtung wirkt. Der erste Druckraum 17 und die hydraulische Kammer 45 sind gegeneinander hydraulisch abgedichtet. Master brake cylinder 2 has two hydraulic master cylinder pistons 15, 16 arranged one behind the other, which limit the pressure of the pressure chambers 17, 18. The pressure chambers 17, 18 are on the one hand in the master cylinder piston 15, 16 formed radial bores and corresponding Druckaus ¬ equal lines 41a, 41b with the pressure medium reservoir 4 in connection, which can be shut off by a relative movement of the pistons 15, 16, and on the other hand by means of hydraulic lines 22a, 22b communicate with the isolation valves 23a, 23b. The mechanically coupled to the brake pedal 1, first main ¬ cylinder piston 15 is for example in accordance with as a stepped piston with a circular area 46 and an annular surface 47 formed with the circular surface 46 of the first pressure chamber 17 and the annular surface of a hydraulic chamber 45 limited 47th In this case, a pressure effect in the chamber 45 corresponds to a force acting on the first master cylinder piston 15 counter to the actuating direction. The first pressure chamber 17 and the hydraulic chamber 45 are hydraulically sealed against each other.
Simulationseinrichtung 3 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einer Simulatorkammer 29, einer Simulatorfederkammer 30 sowie einem die beiden Kammern 29, 30 voneinander trennenden Simulatorkolben 31. Simulatorkolben 31 stützt sich durch ein in Simulation device 3 consists essentially of a simulator chamber 29, a simulator spring chamber 30 and a simulator piston 31 separating the two chambers 29, 30 from each other. Simulator piston 31 is supported by a simulator piston 31
Simulatorfederkammer 30 angeordnetes elastisches Element (z.B. eine Feder) am Gehäuse ab. Simulatorkammer 29 ist beispielsgemäß zum einen mit dem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 (bzw. der Druckausgleichsleitung 41a zum Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4) mittels eines elektrisch betätigbaren, vorteilhafterweise stromlos offenen, Ventils 42 mit einem parallel geschalteten (in Richtung des Druckmittelvorratsbehälter schließenden) Rückschlagventil 40, und zum anderen mit der ringförmigen Kammer 45 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 verbunden. Simulator spring chamber 30 disposed elastic member (e.g., a spring) on the housing. Simulator chamber 29 is, for example, on the one hand with the pressure fluid reservoir 4 (or the pressure equalization line 41a to the pressure fluid reservoir 4) by means of an electrically operable, advantageously normally open, valve 42 with a parallel connected (in the direction of the pressure medium reservoir closing) check valve 40, and on the other with the annular chamber 45 of the master cylinder 2 connected.
Der Druckraum 17 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 ist beispielsgemäß mit dem Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4 (bzw. der Druckausgleichsleitung 41a zum Druckmittelvorratsbehälter 4) über ein elektrisch betätigbares, vorteilhafterweise stromlos ge¬ schlossenes, Freigabeventil 32 λ verbunden. Mittels Freigabe¬ ventil 32 λ ist die Simulationseinrichtung 3 an- und abschaltbar. Bei geschlossenem Freigabeventil 32 λ ist der Kolben 15 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 bei einer Bremspedalbetätigung nicht weiter verschiebbar und damit ist die Simulationseinrichtung 3 abgeschaltet. Bei offenem Freigabeventil 32 λ kann der Kolben 15 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 bei einer Bremspedalbetätigung verschoben werden, so dass bei geschlossenem Ventil 42 The pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 is according to the example with the pressure medium reservoir 4 (or the pressure equalization line 41a to the pressure medium reservoir 4) via a electrically actuated, advantageously currentless ¬ closed, release valve 32 λ connected. By means of release ¬ valve 32 λ , the simulation device 3 is switched on and off. In the closed release valve 32 λ of the piston 15 of the master cylinder 2 is not displaced when a brake pedal actuation, and thus the simulation means 3 is switched off. With an open release valve 32 λ , the piston 15 of the master cylinder 2 can be moved at a brake pedal operation, so that when the valve is closed 42nd
Druckmittel in die Simulatorkammer 29 der Simulationseinrichtung 3 verschoben wird, wobei das bekannte Bremspedalgefühl vermittelt wird. Pressure medium is moved into the simulator chamber 29 of the simulation device 3, wherein the known brake pedal feeling is mediated.
Bei der beispielsgemäßen Bremsanlage wird bei Vorliegen eines vorgegebenen Betriebszustandes mittels des mit dem Druckraum des Hauptbremszylinders verbundenen Freigabeventils 32 λ eine Bremspedalrückwirkung durchgeführt . In the exemplary brake system is in the presence of a predetermined operating condition by means of connected to the pressure chamber of the master cylinder release valve 32 λ a brake pedal feedback performed.
Bei einer Bremspedalbetätigung (insbesondere in der „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ) wird beispielsgemäß das aus demWhen a brake pedal operation (in particular in the "brake-by-wire" mode), for example, from the
Druckraum 17 des Hauptbremszylinders 2 abfließende Druckmittel verändert bzw. ein Ausflusswiderstand des Hauptbremszylinders 2 variiert. Durch zumindest teilweises und/oder zeitweises Schließen des Freigabeventils 32 λ wird der Durchflusswiderstand des Ventils 32 λ erhöht bzw. variiert, was zu der Steifig- keitserhöhung am Bremspedal 1 führt. Pressure chamber 17 of the master cylinder 2 changes flowing pressure medium or an outflow resistance of the master cylinder 2 varies. By at least partially and / or temporarily closing the release valve 32 λ , the flow resistance of the valve 32 λ is increased or varied, which leads to the increase in rigidity on the brake pedal 1.
Beispielsgemäß wird das, vorteilhafterweise erstmalige, According to the example, this will be, advantageously first-time,
Schließen zumindest eines Einlassventils während einer Closing at least one inlet valve during a
Bremspedalbetätigung, also z.B. der Beginn einer Brake pedal operation, e.g. the beginning of a
Antiblockierregelung (ABS) oder einer elektronischen Brems- kraftverteilungsfunktion (EBV) , an den Fahrer rückgemeldet, indem das Freigabeventil 32 genutzt und geeignet geschaltet wird, um eine geeignete Steifigkeitserhöhung am Bremspedal 1 zu erzeugen. Dem Fahrer wird somit eine haptische Rückmeldung gegeben, dass gerade zumindest ein Einlassventil geschlossen wurde . Antilock brake control (ABS) or an electronic brake force distribution function (EBV), fed back to the driver by the release valve 32 is used and switched suitable to a suitable stiffness increase on the brake pedal 1 to produce. The driver is thus given a haptic feedback that at least one inlet valve has just been closed.
Ein Vorteil der beschriebenen Erfindung ist es, dass für die haptische Bremspedalrückmeldung keine zusätzliche Aktuatorik, wie z.B. ein Zusatzaktuator in der Pedalsimulatoreinheit oder am Bremspedal, benötigt wird. Die Funktion ist rein über Software umsetzbar . An advantage of the invention described is that for the haptic brake pedal feedback no additional actuator such as e.g. a Zusatzaktuator in the pedal simulator unit or the brake pedal is needed. The function can be implemented purely via software.
Bei dem mit dem Druckraum 17 verbundenen Freigabeventil 32 bzw. 32 λ handelt es sich um ein Ventil zur An- und Abschaltung der Simulationseinrichtung oder der Bremspedalcharakteristik der Simulationseinrichtung . In the associated with the pressure chamber 17 release valve 32 and 32 λ is a valve for switching on and off of the simulation device or the brake pedal characteristic of the simulation device.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Verfahren zur haptischen Information eines Fahrers eines mit einer „Brake-by-wire"-Bremsanlage ausgerüsteten Kraft¬ fahrzeugs über einen Betriebszustand der Bremsanlage, wobei die Bremsanlage einen mittels eines Bremspedals (1) betätigbaren Hauptbremszylinder (2) mit zumindest einem Druckraum (17, 18), welcher mit zumindest einer Radbremse (8, 9; 10, 11) verbunden oder verbindbar ist, und eine mit dem Hauptbremszylinder (2) zusammenwirkende Simulationseinrichtung (3) , welche dem Fahrer in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ein Bremspedalgefühl vermittelt, umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Vorliegen eines vorgegebenen Betriebszustandes, insbesondere in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart , mittels eines mit dem 1. A method for haptic information of a driver of a equipped with a "brake-by-wire" -Bremsanlage force ¬ vehicle on an operating condition of the brake system, wherein the brake system by means of a brake pedal (1) operable master cylinder (2) with at least one pressure chamber ( 17, 18), which is connected or connectable to at least one wheel brake (8, 9, 10, 11), and a simulation device (3) which cooperates with the master brake cylinder (2) and which engages the driver in a "brake-by" manner. wire "mode conveys a brake pedal feeling, comprises, characterized in that in the presence of a predetermined operating condition, in particular in the" brake-by-wire "mode, by means of a with the
Druckraum (17) des Hauptbremszylinders (2) verbundenen Freigabeventils (32, 32 λ), mittels welchem die Wirkung der Simulationseinrichtung (3) an- und abschaltbar ist, eine Bremspedalrückwirkung, insbesondere eine Änderung der vom Fahrer gefühlten Steifigkeit des Bremspedals (1), durch¬ geführt wird. Pressure chamber (17) of the master cylinder (2) connected release valve (32, 32 λ ), by means of which the effect of the simulation device (3) on and off, a brake pedal reaction, in particular a change of the driver perceived stiffness of the brake pedal (1), is performed ¬ .
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freigabeventils (32,2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the brake pedal reaction by means of the release valve (32,
32 λ), insbesondere unmittelbar, zu Beginn einer 32 λ ), in particular directly, at the beginning of a
Antiblockierregelung (ABS) oder einer elektronischen Bremskraftverteilungsfunktion (EBV) durchgeführt wird.  Anti-skid control (ABS) or an electronic braking force distribution function (EBV) is performed.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freigabeventils (32, 32 λ) durchgeführt wird, wenn in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ein Einlassventil (6a-6d), ins¬ besondere erstmalig, geschlossen wird. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bremspedalrückwirkung mittels des Freigabeventils (32, 32 λ) durchgeführt wird, wenn in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart während einer Bremspedalbetätigung das Einlassventil (6a-6d), insbesondere durch eine Brems- oder Bremsregel¬ funktion (ABS, EBV) der Bremsanlage, geschlossen wird. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brake pedal return by means of the release valve (32, 32 λ ) is performed when in a "brake-by-wire" mode, an inlet valve (6a-6d), ins ¬ special for the first time, closed. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the brake pedal return by means of the release valve (32, 32 λ ) is performed when in the "brake-by-wire" mode during a brake pedal operation, the inlet valve (6a-6d), in particular by a brake - or brake control ¬ function (ABS, EBV) of the brake system is closed.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der „Brake-by-wire"-Betriebsart , insbesondere bei geöffnetem Freigabeventil (32, 32 λ), die Bremspedalcharakteristik in Form einer funktionalen Relation zwischen Bremspedal-Gegenkraft und Bremspedalweg von der Simulationseinrichtung (3) erzeugt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the "brake-by-wire" mode, in particular when the release valve (32, 32 λ ), the brake pedal characteristic in the form of a functional relationship between the brake pedal counterforce and brake pedal travel of the simulation device (3) is generated.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Simulationseinrichtung (3) eine Basis-Bremspedalcharakteristik mittels einer passiven Simulatorfeder erzeugt, die einer gegebenen Pedalkraft in unverändert gleich bleibender Relation einen Pedalweg zuordnet . Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the simulation device (3) generates a basic brake pedal characteristic by means of a passive simulator spring which assigns a pedal travel to a given pedal force in unchanged relation.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bremspedalrückwirkung das Freiga¬ beventil (32, 32 λ) teilweise und/oder zeitweise geschlossen wird . Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for Bremspedalrückwirkung the Freiga ¬ beventil (32, 32 λ ) is partially and / or temporarily closed.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Bremspedalrückwirkung der Durchflusswiderstand des Freigabeventils (32, 32 λ) variiert, insbesondere erhöht, wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the brake pedal reaction of the flow resistance of the release valve (32, 32 λ ) varies, in particular increases, is.
Bremsanlage mit einem mittels eines Bremspedals (1) betätigbaren Hauptbremszylinder (2) mit zumindest einem Druckraum (17, 18), welcher mit zumindest einer Radbremse (8, 9; 10, 11) verbunden oder verbindbar ist, einer mit dem Hauptbremszylinder (2) zusammenwirkenden Simulationseinrichtung (3) , welche einem Fahrer in einer „Bra- ke-by-wire"-Betriebsart ein Bremspedalgefühl vermittelt, und einem mit dem Druckraum (17) des Hauptbremszylinders (2) verbundenen Freigabeventil (32, 32 λ), mittels welchem die Simulationseinrichtung (3) zu- und abschaltbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese eine elektronische Steuer- und Regeleinheit (12) umfasst, in welcher ein Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 durchgeführt wird. Brake system comprising a master brake cylinder (2) which can be actuated by means of a brake pedal (1) and has at least one pressure chamber (17, 18) which is connected or connectable to at least one wheel brake (8, 9; 10, 11); Master brake cylinder (2) cooperating simulation device (3), which gives a brake pedal feeling to a driver in a "brake-by-wire" mode, and a with the pressure chamber (17) of the master cylinder (2) connected to the release valve (32, 32 λ ), by means of which the simulation device (3) can be switched on and off, characterized in that it comprises an electronic control unit (12), in which a method according to one of claims 1 to 8 is performed.
Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckraum (17) des Hauptbremszylinders (2) über das Freigabeventil (32) mit der Simulationseinrichtung (3) hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar ist. Brake system according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure chamber (17) of the master brake cylinder (2) via the release valve (32) with the simulation device (3) is hydraulically connected or connectable.
Bremsanlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckraum (17) des Hauptbremszylinders (2) über das Freigabeventil (32 λ) mit einem unter Atmosphärendruck stehenden Druckmittelvorratsbehälter (4) hydraulisch verbunden oder verbindbar ist. Brake system according to claim 9, characterized in that the pressure chamber (17) of the master cylinder (2) via the release valve (32 λ ) with a pressure medium under atmospheric pressure fluid reservoir (4) is hydraulically connected or connectable.
EP14708247.3A 2013-05-02 2014-03-05 Method for providing haptic information for a driver of a motor vehicle, and brake system Withdrawn EP2991864A1 (en)

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DE102013208068 2013-05-02
DE102013222281.5A DE102013222281A1 (en) 2013-05-02 2013-11-04 Method for haptic information of a driver of a motor vehicle and brake system
PCT/EP2014/054252 WO2014177307A1 (en) 2013-05-02 2014-03-05 Method for providing haptic information for a driver of a motor vehicle, and brake system

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CN (1) CN105163987B (en)
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KR20160003780A (en) 2016-01-11
US20160152219A1 (en) 2016-06-02
CN105163987B (en) 2019-01-22

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