EP2990513B1 - Non-tissés obtenus à partir de fibres issues de l'enveloppe extérieure de bananier - Google Patents

Non-tissés obtenus à partir de fibres issues de l'enveloppe extérieure de bananier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2990513B1
EP2990513B1 EP14382328.4A EP14382328A EP2990513B1 EP 2990513 B1 EP2990513 B1 EP 2990513B1 EP 14382328 A EP14382328 A EP 14382328A EP 2990513 B1 EP2990513 B1 EP 2990513B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
outer sheath
fibre
banana plant
fibres
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Not-in-force
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EP14382328.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2990513A1 (fr
Inventor
Williams Jose Guanche Diaz
Severino Gonzalez Garcia
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425

Definitions

  • This invention refers to fabrics comprising grinded banana plant outer sheath fibres, as well as their use as reinforcement for composite materials and their obtaining by means of wet laid technology.
  • Nonwovens are classified mainly based on their weight per unit area, their web formation and their consolidation system. As regards their classification based on their web formation, three different processes can be distinguished: dry laid, wet laid and molten laid. In the wet laid process the fibres are suspended in an aqueous medium and then deposited on a conveyor belt, where the web is formed, carrying the film to a consolidation station.
  • wet laid technology offers greater productivity and has a broader range of application than the case of dry laid and molten laid procedures.
  • it has the disadvantage that the length of the fibres to be treated needs to be short (commonly less than 15 mm) and, therefore, the mesh structure formed is stiffer and weaker than those obtained based on longer fibres using dry processes.
  • European Patent 0992338B1 describes three ply structures with two external layers composed of synthetic fibres and an intermediate layer composed of natural fibres that find use in the field of wipes and hospital gowns.
  • Document JP2010095805A describes a procedure for manufacturing fabrics and nonwovens, for use in garments, from banana fibres.
  • Document IN201302979P2 describes absorbent items, such as sanitary towels, which use banana pulp as the absorbent material.
  • This "outer sheath” is composed of a collection of natural fibres that, although it used to be used in the past as fodder for cattle and goats, went on to accumulate in gullies as biological filler (aside from being used sparingly for some types of decorative handicrafts) after decomposition, when the farms started to feed their animals using pre-digested fodder.
  • the objective of this invention is aimed at nonwovens comprising banana plant outer sheath wastes, as well as their production using wet laid technology and their use, among others, as reinforcement material for composite materials.
  • nonwovens as reinforcement materials instead of using the grinded fibre as a filler for a plastic leads to materials being obtained with a higher percentage of fibre and, therefore, a higher ecological value, among other advantages.
  • one of the objectives of the invention is aimed at nonwoven composites from grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre, as well as obtaining them using wet laid technology and their use, among others, to obtain composite materials.
  • the aqueous solution of banana plant outer sheath fibres also contains cellulosic fibres and thermoplastic fibres.
  • the cellulosic fibres are added, advantageously, to obtain nonwoven web formation and the thermoplastic fibres are used in preferred embodiments as binders to consolidate nonwovens.
  • the cellulosic fibres used are viscose fibres and in the case of thermoplastic fibres, polylactic acid (PLA) fibres and polypropylene (PP) fibres have been used.
  • the invention is aimed at a nonwoven which comprises grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre, at least one thermoplastic fibre and at least one cellulosic fibre, characterised in that the grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre content is between 70% and 90% weight/weight, the thermoplastic fibre content is at least 5% weight/weight and the cellulosic fibre content is at least 5% weight/weight.
  • the invention is aimed at a method of manufacturing a nonwoven material that comprises banana plant outer sheath fibre, including the stages of:
  • the invention is aimed at a use of the nonwoven comprising banana plant outer sheath fibres in the manufacture of furniture, transport crates and as thermal insulation for walls and floors.
  • the banana plant outer sheath fibre occurs in the form of dry leaves the length of which exceed 15 mm (which is the maximum length to ensure correct processing using wet laid technology). Therefore, it is grinded in a conventional grinder machine so as to obtain a particle size in the 0 to 10 mm range.
  • the fibres so obtained are placed in a conventional rotary mixer where, in an aqueous solution, the fibres are opened and mixed with thermoplastic fibres and cellulosic fibres.
  • thermoplastic fibres are used as binders to consolidate the nonwovens.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PP polypropylene
  • Viscose fibre ZW gl 1,0/6T has been used, as supplied by STW, of 6 mm in length, with heat resistance of 120°C and a decomposition point of 175°C under the title 0.9 dtex.
  • nonwoven formation starts at a grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre percentage lower than the final material will contain, together with the thermoplastic binder fibres, and the amount of grinded fibre is increased progressively to be able to form a fully functional nonwoven that contains up to the maximum amount of grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre possible.
  • the mixture of fibres is deposited on a conveyor belt, where the sheet is formed (Fourdrinier), carrying the sheet formed, after passing through a double tier drying system, to the nonwoven consolidation station.
  • the technical data for the pilot plant and the drying system are as follows:
  • the nonwovens comprise banana plant outer sheath fibres in a range between 70-90 wt/wt%, more preferably between 70-80 wt/wt%, and most preferably around 70% wt/wt%.
  • the thermoplastic fibres are present preferably in a percentage between 5-30 wt/wt%, more preferably between 5-20 wt/wt%, and most preferably between 5-10 wt/wt%.
  • the cellulosic fibres are preferably present in a percentage between 5-20 wt/wt%, and more preferably between 10-20%. All these ranges can be combined with each other in any combination.
  • Table 1 shows the different prototypes of nonwovens obtained in line with the aforementioned procedure.
  • Table 1 Composition and weight per unit area of the banana plant outer sheath waste nonwovens
  • Nonwoven No. Components Composition % (weight/weight) Weight per unit area (g/m 2 ) 1 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 70 200 PLA 30 2 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 80 200 PLA 20 3 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 70 200 PLA 10 Viscose 20 4 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 80 200 PLA 10 Viscose 10 5 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 90 200 PLA 5 Viscose 5 6 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 80 200 PP 10 Viscose 10 7 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 90 200 PP 5 Viscose 5 8 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 70 500 PP 10 Viscose 20 9 Grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre 80 500 PLA 10 Viscose
  • Prototypes 3, 4 and 5 are mixtures of grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre, PLA and viscose where the minimum banana plant outer sheath content is 70%.
  • the sheet mass for the production of the nonwovens was 200 g/m 2 . In the three cases nonwovens were obtained which were visually homogeneous, could be calendered easily and could be handled to carry out the tests described below.
  • prototypes 6 and 7 were prepared (also with a sheet mass of 200 g/m 2 ), which were equivalent to prototypes 4 y 5 respectively, but replaced the polylactic acid (PLA) fibre with polypropylene (PP) fibre.
  • PVA polylactic acid
  • PP polypropylene
  • prototypes 8, 9 and 10 were studied.
  • the composition of these was the same as prototypes 3, 4 and 5 respectively, but a sheet mass of 500 g/m 2 was used instead of 200 g/m 2 .
  • the speed of the conveyor belt was increased from 1 m/min to 1.5 m/min, overflowing of the water occurred and development of the nonwoven web was not achieved.
  • the equipment used was an INSTRON dynamometer. Measurements were carried out at a temperature of (20 ⁇ 2)°C and a relative humidity of (65 ⁇ 4)%.
  • the equipment used was a SODEMAT thickness gauge. Measurements were carried out at a pressure of 0.5 KPa, a temperature of (20 ⁇ 2)°C and a relative humidity of (65 ⁇ 4)%.
  • thermoforming process parameters Composite material obtained from prototype No. Temperature (°C) No. of layers Time (min) Pressure (Tonnes) 3 165 15 10 6 4 165 15 10 6 5 165 20 10 6 6 165 15 10 6 7 165 15 10 6 6
  • the measuring equipment was an IBERTEST dynamometer. Measurements were carried out at a temperature of (20 ⁇ 2)°C and a relative humidity of (65 ⁇ 4)%.
  • the composite material that requires the greatest force to break it is that obtained from prototype number 3, which is the material with the lowest percentage of grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre of the five prototypes obtained (70% weight/weight of grinded banana plant outer sheath fibre, 20% weight/weight of viscose fibre and 10% PLA). It should also be emphasised that the materials obtained from prototypes that used PLA as a binder had better tensile properties (prototypes 4 and 5 compared to 6 and 7 respectively).
  • the measuring equipment was an IBERTEST dynamometer. Measurements were carried out at a temperature of (20 ⁇ 2)°C and a relative humidity of (65 ⁇ 4)%.
  • the composite materials with the best mechanical properties were selected, i.e. the composite materials prepared from nonwoven prototypes numbers 3 and 4 were selected.
  • the UNE-EN 12667:2002 standard was followed. This specifies the testing principles and procedures for determining, by means of data from guarded hot plate or heat flow meter methods, the thermal resistance of the test materials.
  • the material is considered to be thermally insulating if:
  • test method used was a heat flow meter in accordance with the ISO 8301:1991 standards and the apparatus was a single sample flow meter, in the horizontal position and with a hot plate in the top part.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Un non-tissé qui comprend une fibre enveloppante extérieure de bananier broyée, au moins une fibre thermoplastique et au moins une fibre de cellulose, caractérisé en ce que la teneur de fibre enveloppante extérieure de bananier broyée comprise entre 70 et 90 % poids/poids, la teneur de fibre thermoplastique est au moins 5 % poids/poids et la teneur de fibre de cellulose est au moins 5 % poids/poids.
  2. Le non-tissé cité à la revendication 1, où la fibre thermoplastique est de l'acide polylactique (PLA) d'une teneur comprise entre 5 % et 30 % poids/poids.
  3. Le non-tissé cité à la revendication 1, où la fibre thermoplastique est du polypropylène (PP) d'une teneur comprise entre 5 % et 10 % poids/poids.
  4. Le non-tissé répondant à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, où la fibre de cellulose est de la viscose d'une teneur comprise entre 5 % et 20 % poids/poids.
  5. Le non-tissé répondant à l'une des revendications précédentes, où le pourcentage poids/poids de la fibre enveloppante extérieure de bananier broyée est compris entre 70 et 80 %.
  6. Le non-tissé répondant à l'une des revendications précédentes, dont la composition affiche 70 % d'enveloppe extérieure de bananier, 10 % de PLA et 20 % de viscose.
  7. Le non-tissé répondant à l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dont la composition affiche 80 % d'enveloppe extérieure de bananier, 10 % de PLA et 10 % de viscose.
  8. Le non-tissé répondant à l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 5, dont la composition affiche 80 % d'enveloppe extérieure de bananier, 10 % de PP et 10 % de viscose.
  9. Tout article, produit, composé, élément ou partie comprenant le non-tissé cité à l'une des revendications 1 à 8 ci-dessus.
  10. Une méthode de fabrication du non-tissé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes, incluant les étapes de :
    a) broyage des fibres enveloppantes extérieures de bananier à une longueur maximum de 15 mm, et leur suspension dans un milieu aqueux ;
    b) dépôt de la suspension de fibres enveloppantes extérieures de bananier broyées sur une bande convoyeuse pour former une feuille de fibres orientées au hasard ;
    c) pressage des feuilles de fibres orientées au hasard à l'aide de rouleaux, où une partie de l'excès d'eau contenu dans la feuille est éliminé ; et
    d) séchage des fibres pressées.
  11. La méthode décrite à la revendication 10 selon laquelle l'eau obtenue à l'étape c) est récupérée au moins partiellement pour être réutilisée ultérieurement à l'étape a).
  12. Une utilisation du non-tissé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes lors de la fabrication de meubles.
  13. Une utilisation du non-tissé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes lors de la fabrication de cartons de transport.
  14. Une utilisation du non-tissé conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes comme isolant thermique pour les murs et les sols.
EP14382328.4A 2014-08-29 2014-08-29 Non-tissés obtenus à partir de fibres issues de l'enveloppe extérieure de bananier Not-in-force EP2990513B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382328.4A EP2990513B1 (fr) 2014-08-29 2014-08-29 Non-tissés obtenus à partir de fibres issues de l'enveloppe extérieure de bananier

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EP14382328.4A EP2990513B1 (fr) 2014-08-29 2014-08-29 Non-tissés obtenus à partir de fibres issues de l'enveloppe extérieure de bananier

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EP2990513A1 EP2990513A1 (fr) 2016-03-02
EP2990513B1 true EP2990513B1 (fr) 2017-07-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110820167A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-02-21 山东冠骏清洁材料科技有限公司 一种功能性pp木浆水刺复合布生产工艺

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6110848A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-08-29 Fort James Corporation Hydroentangled three ply webs and products made therefrom
JP4125065B2 (ja) * 2002-07-22 2008-07-23 日清紡績株式会社 バナナ繊維及びその製法、それを用いた混紡糸、並びに繊維構造物
JP2010095805A (ja) 2008-10-14 2010-04-30 Nisshinbo Holdings Inc バナナ繊維の製法ならびにバナナ繊維を用いた混紡糸及び繊維構造物
FR2960010B1 (fr) * 2010-05-11 2012-07-06 Fabrice Carpanzano Materiau isolant a base de microfibres issues de fibres de hampes de bananiers fruitiers.
US9926654B2 (en) * 2012-09-05 2018-03-27 Gpcp Ip Holdings Llc Nonwoven fabrics comprised of individualized bast fibers

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110820167A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-02-21 山东冠骏清洁材料科技有限公司 一种功能性pp木浆水刺复合布生产工艺

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