EP2979373A1 - Conception de préambule de dispositif à dispositif (d2d) - Google Patents

Conception de préambule de dispositif à dispositif (d2d)

Info

Publication number
EP2979373A1
EP2979373A1 EP14774018.7A EP14774018A EP2979373A1 EP 2979373 A1 EP2979373 A1 EP 2979373A1 EP 14774018 A EP14774018 A EP 14774018A EP 2979373 A1 EP2979373 A1 EP 2979373A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discovery
preamble
communication
data
wireless device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14774018.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2979373A4 (fr
Inventor
Seunghee Han
Alexey Vladimirovich Khoryaev
Debdeep CHATTERJEE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intel IP Corp
Original Assignee
Intel IP Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/140,823 external-priority patent/US9414306B2/en
Application filed by Intel IP Corp filed Critical Intel IP Corp
Publication of EP2979373A1 publication Critical patent/EP2979373A1/fr
Publication of EP2979373A4 publication Critical patent/EP2979373A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069—Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]

Definitions

  • Proximity-based applications and services represent a fast growing social and technological trend that may have a major impact on the evolution of cellular wireless/mobile broadband technologies. These services can be based on the awareness that two devices or two users are close to each other and, thus, may be able to directly communicate with each other.
  • Existing protocols can require two different steps of discovery and communication in the separate time instances. For example, after the receiver device synchronizes to the transmitter in a first time instance (tl) using the D2D discovery signal, the two devices can then communicate with each other in another time instance t2. In certain situations, if a number of signatures (e.g. different sequences) are used to identify each proximate device or application, the D2D communication may not be possible due to the multiple hypothesis tests to detect and analyze each D2D discovery signal.
  • a number of signatures e.g. different sequences
  • a method can include assembling device-to device (D2D) discovery data, or a D2D discovery part, at a wireless device, assembling D2D communication data, or a D2D communication part, at the wireless device, assembling a D2D preamble including the discovery data and the communication data, and transmitting the D2D preamble using a wireless transmitter of the wireless device.
  • D2D device-to device
  • FIG. 1 illustrates generally an example wireless system including D2D users operating and coexisting with traditional cellular users
  • FIGS. 2 A and 2B illustrate general high-level example D2D preambles including a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates generally an example D2D preamble including a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part multiplexed in a time domain.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates generally an example frequency map of a time division multiplexed (TDM) discovery part including sequences mapped at each subcarrier.
  • TDM time division multiplexed
  • FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate general high-level example D2D preambles including a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part
  • FIGS. 5-7 illustrate generally example TDM D2D preambles each having a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates generally physical processing for variation of TDM single carrier OFDM waveform referred to as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM.
  • FIGS. 9A-9C illustrates generally an example D2D preamble including a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part occupying a number of subcarriers
  • FIG. 10A illustrates generally a high level example of localized FDM multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 10B illustrates generally a high level example of interleaved FDM multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates generally example superposition of the D2D discovery and communication parts.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates generally an example effect of back-off D2D preamble transmissions at a receiving device.
  • FIG. 13 shows an illustration how the composite channel is generated when the transmit timing is synchronized.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example machine upon which any one or more of the methodologies herein discussed may be executed.
  • the present inventors have recognized methods and apparatus for providing more efficient ways to enable D2D discovery and D2D
  • Proximity-based applications and services represent a fast growing social and technological trend that may have a major impact on the evolution of cellular wireless/mobile broadband technologies. These services are based on awareness that two devices or two users are close to each other and, thus, may be able to directly communicate with each other.
  • Proximity-based applications can include social networking, mobile commerce, advertisement, gaming, etc. These services and applications stimulate the design and development of a new type of device to device (D2D) communication that can be integrated into current and next generation mobile broadband networks such as LTE and LTE-Advanced. By leveraging direct connectivity between two devices in a network, D2D communication can enable machines to communicate directly with one another.
  • D2D device to device
  • FIG. 1 illustrates generally an example wireless system 100 including D2D users (a typical few labeled 101) operating and coexisting with traditional cellular users.
  • D2D users 101 do not necessarily need to communicate via the central coordinator (eNodeB) 102.
  • the D2D users 101 can communicate directly with each other or through hops 103 of other D2D users.
  • D2D communication shares the same resources with the mobile broadband system certain functions can still be controlled and coordinated by the eNodeB 102 of the mobile broadband network such as when centralized control offers more benefits.
  • proximity sensing methods can be implemented by the network through monitoring the UE attachment/association to a particular cell or using location based services and protocols.
  • new proximity based functionality can be added to the functions of the D2D coordinator. For example, a special device discovery zone can be allocated in the D2D transmission region where device discovery signaling is used to assist in D2D cluster organization and D2D link
  • a special discovery signal transmission interval can be introduced in the D2D transmission region for that purpose. Additionally, proximity sensing can be based on D2D link quality measurements.
  • a more efficient method of providing D2D services can include a D2D preamble having two parts, a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • the number of signatures can be reduced to relax detection complexity at a receiver device.
  • one or more specific codes or signatures can be allocated for special use such as emergency use or public safety use.
  • the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part can be multiplexed.
  • multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication can be facilitated using time division multiplexing (TDM).
  • multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication can be facilitated using frequency division multiplexing (FDM).
  • multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication can be facilitated using superposition.
  • multiplexing of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication can be facilitated using a combination of one or more of TDM, FDM, superposition or other multiplexing scheme.
  • the D2D discovery part can include one or more symbols or a symbol fraction, or combination thereof.
  • the discovery part can include OFDM symbols or fraction thereof.
  • the discovery part can include SC-OFDM symbols or fraction thereof.
  • the discovery part can be scrambled. In some examples, the discovery part can be scrambled using codes such as pseudo random codes. In some examples, a scrambling sequence can be derived using a code or signature of the D2D discovery part of a D2D preamble.
  • data in the D2D communication part can be channel coded by convolution coding, tail-biting convolution coding, block coding, turbo coding, low-density parity coding (LDPC).
  • physical channel or signal in the D2D discovery part can be used for time/frequency synchronization between devices, automatic gain control, channel estimation for D2D communication region, and combinations thereof, in certain examples, the D2D communication part can convey a device identification (ID) information or partial device ID information.
  • ID device identification
  • D2D preamble transmit timing can be selected by the transmitter or the transmitting device.
  • transmit timing selection can be predetermined or can be set using a random manner.
  • the selection can be facilitated by random back-off.
  • random back-off can be applied either when a device transmits the initial D2D preamble or when a device faces a collision situation such as when a device does not receive a response signal or channel from another device.
  • the D2D preamble part can be limited to include a low number of signatures to reduce discovery complexity. For example, if there are multiple signatures in a D2D discovery part, the receiver device can be required to perform multiple hypothesis tests to identify the signatures. This can cause the increase of implementation complexity requiring more processing power. In certain examples, to relax complexity a sigle signature can be used for the D2D discovery part. In certain examples, a receiving device need only perform a single hypothesis test by cross- correlation for time/frequency synchronization, automatic gain control setting, channel estimation as well as other optimizing functions. In certain scenarios, when multiple D2D discovery signals are transmitted at the same time, ;it can introduce a composite channel effect and can disrupt or prevent data decoding of the D2D communication part. In certain examples, certain signatures or codes can be use3d to differentiate D2D discovery signals. In some examples, the number of signatures or discovery signals can be limited to 3, which for example, is the same number of as the primary
  • PSS synchronization signal
  • assistant information can be provided by the network to assist the discovery and communication operations, in certain examples.
  • a signature can indicate a device is under an emergency or a public safety condition and a receiving device can prioritize the discovery/communication process such that detection of such signatures occurs first.
  • FIGS. 2 A and 2B illustrate general high-level example D2D preambles including a D2D discovery Part and a D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates generally an example D2D preamble including a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part multiplexed in a time domain.
  • the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part can include a number (N d , N c ) of OFDM symbols.
  • the ratio of the number of symbols can be determined based on requirements for D2D discovery and communications.
  • transmitted bandwidths for the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part can be the same so that channel estimates from the D2D discovery part can assist decoding the D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 3B illustrates generally an example frequency map of a time division multiplexed (TDM) discovery part including sequences mapped at each subcarrier.
  • the DC may be punctured or can be vacant to remove DC offset.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate general high-level example D2D preambles including a D2D discovery Part and a D2D communication part wherein each of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part include a cyclical prefix (CP).
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate generally example D2D preambles including a single symbol D2D discovery part and a single symbol D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 4A illustrates and Example D2D preamble having a D2D discovery part time-wise precede a D2D communication part.
  • FIG. 4B illustrates and Example D2D preamble having a D2D communication part time-wise precede a D2D discovery part.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates generally an example TDM D2D preamble having a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • the D2D discovery part can be located in the first OFDM symbol within a subframe.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates generally an example TDM D2D preamble having a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • the discovery part signatures can be different and can be used to provide a better auto-correlation property.
  • each D2D discovery part can be located in the first OFDM symbol within each slot of a subframe.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates generally an example TDM D2D preamble having a D2D discovery part and a D2D communication part.
  • the discovery part signatures can be different and can be used to provide a better auto-correlation property.
  • each D2D discovery part can be located in a central OFDM symbol within each slot of a subframe.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates generally physical processing for variation of TDM single carrier OFDM waveform referred to as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM.
  • the time division multiplexing can be done in the time domain prior to the DFT pre-coding.
  • FIGS. 9A-9C illustrates generally an example D2D preamble including a
  • each interleaved frequency band can represent a resource element such as a subcarrier 1003.
  • TDM there are a number of variances that can be achieved by controlling the location of the D2D discovery part and the D2D communication part in the frequency domain as well as by controlling the ratio (M d :M c ) of symbols or fractions thereof .
  • FIG. 11 illustrates generally superposition of the D2D discovery and communication parts.
  • the received superposition signal can be represented as,
  • ⁇ scaling power for D2D communication part.
  • ⁇ 1— a to normalize the transmit power at the transmitting device.
  • the detection of the D2D discovery signal and the decoding of the D2D communication signal at the receiving device can use the example method 1200 illustrated generally in FIG. 12.
  • the receiving device can try to detect the D2D discovery signal (D(k)) by performing cross correlation to obtain synchronization.
  • the receiving device can perform channel estimation using D(k) to obtain the channel (H(/c)) at the synchronized time position.
  • the receiving device can cancel the discovery signal (D(k)) from the received signal ( (k)) to isolate the communication signal (C(k)).
  • An estimate of the communication signal can be given by,
  • the receiving device can try to decode the D2D communication data from the estimated communication signal (C(/c)).
  • the performance of trying to decode the communication data can depend on the performance of the channel estimate. For example, if the channel estimate is perfectly estimated
  • the data contents of the D2D communication part can be scrambled to provide randomization of the data and interference randomization.
  • scrambling can be performed in symbol level (e.g., modulation symbol level after QPSK or QAM modulation), in information bit level, or in encoded bit level.
  • the result if the scrambling can be represented as b (i), where
  • scrambling can be generated by the 3 GPP Gold sequence using the following sequence generation method, — start of sequence—
  • Pseudo-random sequences can be defined by a length sequence, such as a length- 31 Gold sequence.
  • the initialization of the second m-sequence can be denoted by c init with the value depending on the application of the sequence.
  • Cinit n RNTI >
  • entire or partial D2D device Ids can be conveyed via the D2D communication part.
  • additional data can be conveyed using the D2D communication part.
  • transmit timing for a transmitting device can be randomized to prevent or mitigate composite channel effects at each receiving device using a single signature of a D2D discovery part. Transmit randomization can improve channel estimation performance, thus, ensuring that the D2D communication part data can be properly decoded.
  • a back-off value can be decided by the uniform distribution within a range.
  • the transmitting device can transmit the D2D preamble at the decided back-off time.
  • a basic unit for the back-off time can include, but is not limited to, an OFDM symbol, a slot, a subframe, a radio frame, etc.
  • the back-off time can be determined based on the D2D device ID.
  • the multiple signatures can be randomized to avoid the composite channel effect.
  • the different signatures can be randomized when the channel estimation is performed. Therefore, at the receiving device, the other channel can be randomized to obtain the correct channel; estimation values for the targeted device. Because receiver complexity increases with each additional signature, in some examples, the number of signatures can be limited. In certain examples, the number of different signatures is limited to three signatures.
  • FIG. 13 shows an illustration how the composite channel is generated when the transmit timing is synchronized.
  • each channel of hO and hi needs to be separately estimated.
  • the composite channel effect can be reduced.
  • the back-off can be applied when a device does not receive a response. For example, if a device transmits a D2D preamble and does not receive a response within a certain interval, the device can apply a random bacjk-off for the next transmission of the D2D preamble.
  • Fig. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example machine upon which any one or more of the methodologies herein discussed may be executed.
  • the machine operates as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines.
  • the machine may operate in the capacity of either a server or a client machine in server-client network environments, or it may act as a peer machine in peer-to- peer (or distributed) network environments.
  • the machine may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a mobile telephone, a web appliance, a network router, switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine.
  • PC personal computer
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • STB set-top box
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • mobile telephone a web appliance
  • network router switch or bridge
  • Example computer system 1400 includes a processor 1402 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU) or both), a main memory 1401 and a static memory 1406, which communicate with each other via a bus 1408.
  • the computer system 1400 may further include a display unit 1410, an alphanumeric input device 1417 (e.g., a keyboard), and a user interface (UI) navigation device 1411 (e.g., a mouse).
  • the display, input device and cursor control device are a touch screen display.
  • the computer system 1400 may additionally include a storage device (e.g., drive unit) 1416, a signal generation device 1418 (e.g., a speaker), a network interface device 1420, and one or more sensors 1421, such as a global positioning system sensor, compass, accelero meter, or other sensor.
  • a storage device e.g., drive unit
  • a signal generation device 1418 e.g., a speaker
  • a network interface device 1420 e.g., a Global positioning system sensor, compass, accelero meter, or other sensor.
  • sensors 1421 such as a global positioning system sensor, compass, accelero meter, or other sensor.
  • the storage device 1416 includes a machine-readable medium 1422 on which is stored one or more sets of data structures and instructions 1423 (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein.
  • the instructions 1423 may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 1401 and/or within the processor 1402 during execution thereof by the computer system 1400, the main memory 1401 and the processor 1402 also constituting machine -readable media.
  • machine -readable medium 1422 is illustrated in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term “machine -readable medium” may include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more instructions 1423.
  • the term “machine -readable medium” shall also be taken to include any tangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present disclosure or that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying data structures utilized by or associated with such instructions.
  • the term “machine-readable medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media.
  • machine-readable media include nonvolatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks;
  • semiconductor memory devices e.g., Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices
  • EPROM Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • flash memory devices e.g., electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices
  • magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks
  • magneto-optical disks and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.
  • the instructions 1423 may further be transmitted or received over a communications network 1426 using a transmission medium via the network interface device 1420 utilizing any one of a number of well-known transfer protocols (e.g., HTTP).
  • Examples of communication networks include a local area network ("LAN”), a wide area network (“WAN”), the Internet, mobile telephone networks, Plain Old Telephone (POTS) networks, and wireless data networks (e.g., Wi-Fi® and WiMax® networks).
  • POTS Plain Old Telephone
  • Wi-Fi® and WiMax® networks wireless data networks.
  • transmission medium shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying instructions for execution by the machine, and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible medium to facilitate communication of such software.
  • the central processor 1402 can include one or more processors or processor circuits including a processing circuit configured assemble D2D preambles as discussed herein.

Abstract

L'invention porte, entre autres choses, sur des procédés et un appareil pour fournir des moyens plus efficaces pour permettre une découverte D2D et une communication D2D simultanément. Selon un exemple, un procédé peut comprendre l'assemblage de données de découverte de dispositif à dispositif (D2D) au niveau d'un dispositif sans fil, l'assemblage de données de communication D2D au niveau du dispositif sans fil, l'assemblage d'un préambule D2D comprenant les données de découverte et les données de communication, et l'émission du préambule D2D en utilisant un émetteur sans fil du dispositif sans fil.
EP14774018.7A 2013-03-29 2014-03-26 Conception de préambule de dispositif à dispositif (d2d) Withdrawn EP2979373A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201361806821P 2013-03-29 2013-03-29
US201361816662P 2013-04-26 2013-04-26
US14/140,823 US9414306B2 (en) 2013-03-29 2013-12-26 Device-to-device (D2D) preamble design
PCT/US2014/031845 WO2014160765A1 (fr) 2013-03-29 2014-03-26 Conception de préambule de dispositif à dispositif (d2d)

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2979373A1 true EP2979373A1 (fr) 2016-02-03
EP2979373A4 EP2979373A4 (fr) 2016-12-28

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EP (1) EP2979373A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN105009482B (fr)
HK (1) HK1216947A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014160765A1 (fr)

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US9621845B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2017-04-11 Intel IP Corporation Architecture for web-based real-time communications (WebRTC) to access internet protocol multimedia subsystem (IMS)
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WO2014160765A1 (fr) 2014-10-02
CN105009482A (zh) 2015-10-28
CN105009482B (zh) 2018-05-29
HK1216947A1 (zh) 2016-12-09
EP2979373A4 (fr) 2016-12-28

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