EP2964939A1 - Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof - Google Patents
Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP2964939A1 EP2964939A1 EP14710708.0A EP14710708A EP2964939A1 EP 2964939 A1 EP2964939 A1 EP 2964939A1 EP 14710708 A EP14710708 A EP 14710708A EP 2964939 A1 EP2964939 A1 EP 2964939A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cooling gallery
- crown
- stick material
- gallery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 WC-17Co Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—PistonsĀ
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—PistonsĀ
- F02F3/10—PistonsĀ having surface coverings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
- F05C2201/0463—Cobalt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
- F05C2253/12—Coating
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to pistons and their method of construction.
- the piston body is constructed of a steel alloy including the non-stick material as a constituent of the steel alloy.
- a method of constructing a piston for an internal combustion engine includes the following: forming a piston body having an upper combustion surface configured for direct exposure to combustion gases within a cylinder bore and an undercrown surface beneath the upper combustion surface; forming a ring belt region configured for receipt of at least one piston ring adjacent the upper combustion surface; forming a cooling gallery radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region; and forming at least one of the undercrown surface and at least a portion of the cooling gallery from a non-stick material selected from the group consisting of pure cobalt, WC-17Co, Co-18Cr-30Mo, or any other alloy containing Cobalt, the non-stick material being resistant to the build-up of carbon deposits thereon.
- the method includes keeping the lower crown free of the non-stick material.
- the method includes forming the piston body from a steel alloy including the non-stick material as a constituent of the alloy.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along a pin bore axis of a piston constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken generally transversely to the pin bore of the piston of Figure 1 ;
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken generally transversely to a pin bore of a piston constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken generally transversely to a pin bore of a piston constructed in accordance with yet another aspect of the invention.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken generally transversely to a pin bore of a piston constructed in accordance with yet another aspect of the invention.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along a pin bore axis of a piston constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a piston assembly, referred to hereafter simply as piston 10, constructed according to one presently preferred embodiment of the invention, for reciprocating movement in a cylinder bore or chamber of an internal combustion engine (not shown), such as light vehicle diesel, mid- range diesel, heavy duty and large bore diesel engines, and gas engines, for example.
- the piston 10 has a piston body 12, shown as a single, monolithic piece of cast material or formed from either forged or billet materials, by way of example, extending along a central longitudinal axis 14 along which the piston 10 reciprocates in the cylinder bore.
- the body 12 is formed including an upper combustion wall having on one side an upper combustion surface 16 configured for direct exposure to combustion gases within a cylinder bore and on an opposite side an undercrown surface 18 located directly and axially beneath the upper combustion surface 16.
- the piston body 12 is also formed having a ring belt region 20 adjacent the upper combustion surface 16 wherein the ring belt region 20 is configured for receipt of at least one piston ring (not shown).
- the piston body 12 is formed including cooling gallery, shown as a closed or substantially closed cooling gallery 22, by way of example.
- the cooling gallery 22 is configured radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region 20.
- the build-up of an insulation layer including carbon deposits from circulating oil, is prevented from forming on the surfaces having the non-stick coating material 24, and thus, the oil circulated through the cooling gallery 22 and against the undercrown surface 18 is able to perform its cooling function, thereby enhancing the performance of the piston 10 and extending its useful life.
- the piston body 12 has an upper crown region 26 and a lower crown region 28.
- the lower crown region 28 provides a pair of pin bosses 30 depending from the upper crown region 26 to provide laterally spaced pin bores 32 coaxially aligned along a pin bore axis 34 that extends generally transverse to the central longitudinal axis 14.
- the pin bosses 30 are joined to laterally spaced skirt portions 36 via strut portions 38.
- the skirt portions 36 are diametrically spaced from one another across opposite sides the pin bore axis 34 and have convex outer surfaces contoured for cooperation within the cylinder bore to maintain the piston 10 in a desired orientation as it reciprocates through the cylinder bore.
- the upper combustion surface 16 is represented as having a recessed combustion bowl 40 to provide a desired gas flow with the cylinder bore. At least in part due to the combustion bowl 40, relatively thin regions of piston body material are formed between the combustion bowl 40, the cooling gallery 22 and the undercrown surface 18. As such, in use, these regions need to be properly cooled, such as via oil flowing through the cooling gallery 22 and against the undercrown surface 18 with a central gallery region between the pin bosses 30.
- the undercrown cooling could be provided by oil splashes, oriented cooling oil jets or via oil within the central gallery region.
- an outer wall 42 of the upper crown region 26 extends downwardly from the upper combustion surface 16.
- the outer wall 42 is formed having at least one, and shown as a plurality of annular ring groove 44 in the ring belt region 20 for receipt of corresponding piston rings (not shown), wherein the rings typically float freely within their respective ring groove 44.
- the annular wall extending between the cooling gallery 22 and the ring belt region 20 is relatively thin, and thus, also needs to be properly cooled during use.
- the non-stick coating material 24 is present in (piston 10' in Figure 6) or bonded to at least a portion of surface bounding the cooling gallery 22 and also to the undercrown surface 18.
- the non-stick coating material 24 is selected from materials that resist the buildup of carbon thereon, including from the group consisting of: chrome, chrome-diamond, nickel, diamond-like coating, chrome-nitride, AlCrN, AlTiN, ceramic, cobalt (including pure cobalt or alloys of cobalt, such as WC-17Co, or Co-18Cr-30Mo, by way of example and without limitation), and polymer materials.
- the non-stick coating material 24 is bonded about the entire surface bounding the annular cooling gallery 22, or only along the upper part of the cooling gallery 22, with the coating material 24 extending substantially along the length of the ring belt region 20 and also along an upwardly extending portion of the combustion bowl 40.
- a piston 1 10 constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention is shown in Figure 3, wherein the same reference numerals, offset by a factor of 100, are used to identify like features discussed above.
- the piston 1 10 has a piston body 1 12 including an upper combustion surface 1 16 represented as having a combustion bowl 140 recessed therein and an undercrown surface 1 18 beneath the upper combustion surface 1 16.
- the piston body 1 12 also includes a ring belt region 120 adjacent the upper combustion surface 1 16 with a closed or substantially closed cooling gallery 122 configured radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region 120.
- a non-stick coating material 124 is shown as being bonded to at least one of the undercrown surface 1 18 and at least a portion of the cooling gallery 122, wherein the non-stick coating material 124 inhibits the build-up of carbon deposits thereon, as discussed above.
- the piston body 1 12 has an upper part, referred to as an upper crown region 126 and a lower part, referred to as a lower crown region 128 extending to a pair of pin bosses 130 having laterally spaced pin bores 132.
- the upper and lower crown regions 126, 128 are constructed from separate pieces of material and subsequently fixed to one another, such as via a welding or other joining process.
- a first weld joint 50 unites a portion of the separately made upper and lower crown regions 126, 128 of the piston 1 10.
- the first weld joint 50 extends through an upstanding wall of a combustion bowl 140 above an annular valley 52 of the combustion bowl 140.
- the first weld joint 50 is open to the combustion bowl 140 above the valley 52.
- a second weld joint 54 extends through an outer wall 142 in a ring belt region 120.
- the upper crown region 126 may thus include a pair of upper joining surfaces, including a radially inner, downwardly facing joining surface 56 and a radially outer, downwardly facing upper joining surface 57 of the ring belt region 120.
- the lower crown region 128 may thus include a pair of lower joining surfaces, including a radially inner, upwardly facing lower surface 58 and a radially outer, upwardly facing lower joining surface 59.
- the associated lower and upper joining surfaces 56, 57; 58, 59 may be united by a selected joining process, such as induction welding, friction welding, resistance welding, charge carrier rays, electron beam welding, laser welding, stir welding, brazing, soldering, hot or cold diffusion, etc.
- the upper crown region 126 provides an upper portion of the cooling gallery 122, having a generally U-shape in cross-section taken along a central longitudinal axis 1 14 of the piston 1 10.
- the lower crown region 128 provides a lower portion of the cooling gallery 122, having a generally U-shape in cross-section taken along the central longitudinal axis 1 14 and also the wall of the upper combustion surface 1 16 and undercrown surface 1 18.
- the non-stick coating material 124 can be bonded to the desired surfaces of the separate upper and lower parts 126, 128, including the undercrown surface 1 18 and/or one or both of the generally U- shaped surfaces bounding the cooling gallery 122, shown in Figure 3 as both generally U- shaped surfaces.
- the non-stick coating material 124 being bonded to both generally U-shaped surfaces, the entire or upper part of the cooling gallery 122 is coated and thus, the entire upstanding surfaces running along both the upper combustion surface and the ring belt region 120 are coated. Accordingly, carbon deposits are prevented from forming an insulation layer in these regions, thus allowing these regions to be properly cooled by circulating oil in the cooling gallery 122.
- a piston 210 constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention is shown in Figure 4, wherein the same reference numerals, offset by a factor of 200, are used to identify like features discussed above.
- the piston 210 has a piston body 212 including an upper combustion surface 216 represented as having a combustion bowl 240 recessed therein and an undercrown surface 218 beneath the upper combustion surface 216.
- the piston body 212 also includes a ring belt region 220 adjacent the upper combustion surface 216.
- the piston body 212 is configured similarly as the piston body 1 12 illustrated in Figure 3, however, rather than being constructed from separate pieces of material, it is constructed as a single monolithic piece of material.
- the non-stick coating material 224 extends along the undercrown surface 218 and the surface bounding the cooling gallery 222 as a continuous, uninterrupted coating layer.
- the coating will be bonded preferentially along a gallery area perpendicular to the spray direction.
- a piston 310 constructed in accordance with another aspect of the invention is shown in Figure 5, wherein the same reference numerals, offset by a factor of 300, are used to identify like features discussed above.
- the piston 310 has a piston body 312 including an upper combustion surface 316 represented as having a combustion bowl 340 recessed therein and an undercrown surface 318 beneath the upper combustion surface 316.
- the piston body 312 also includes a ring belt region 320 adjacent the upper combustion surface 316 with a closed or substantially closed cooling gallery 322 configured radially inwardly and in substantial radial alignment with the ring belt region 320.
- the upper crown region 326 may thus include a pair of upper joining surfaces, including a radially inner, downwardly facing joining surface 356 extending below the combustion bowl 340 and a radially outer, downwardly facing upper joining surface 357 within the ring belt region 320.
- the lower crown region 328 may thus include a pair of lower joining surfaces, including a radially inner, upwardly facing lower surface 358 and a radially outer, upwardly facing lower joining surface 359.
- the associated lower and upper joining surfaces 356, 357; 358, 359 may be united by a selected joining process, such as induction welding, friction welding, resistance welding, charge carrier rays, electron beam welding, laser welding, stir welding, brazing, soldering, hot or cold diffusion, etc.
- the non-stick coating material 324 can be bonded to the desired surfaces on the upper part 326, while the lower part 328 can remain uncoated.
- the non-stick coating material 324 is applied as needed, without waste, to the areas desired.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/786,156 US9163579B2 (en) | 2011-11-28 | 2013-03-05 | Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof |
PCT/US2014/018573 WO2014137690A1 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-02-26 | Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2964939A1 true EP2964939A1 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
EP2964939B1 EP2964939B1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
Family
ID=50288288
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14710708.0A Active EP2964939B1 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2014-02-26 | Piston with anti-carbon deposit coating and method of construction thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2964939B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6356704B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20150121239A (en) |
CN (1) | CN105190000B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014137690A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170118737A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2017-10-25 | ģ¤ė„¼ė¦¬ģ½ ģķ¼ģ¤ ģė£Øģ ģ¤ ģķ¬ķ°ģź²ģ ¤ģ¤ķķø, ķķ¼ģ½ | Method of coating piston for internal combustion engine |
JP6408722B2 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-10-17 | ćć¼ć¬ ć¤ć³ćæć¼ćć·ć§ćć« ć²ć¼ć«ć·ć£ćć ććć ćć·ć„ć¬ć³ćÆćć« ćććć³ć°ļ¼ļ¼”ļ¼Øļ¼¬ļ¼„ ļ¼©ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ¼§ļ½ļ½ļ¼Ø | Method for coating the surface of an annular cooling channel of a piston for an internal combustion engine |
DE102018100336A1 (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-07-11 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060191508A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-08-31 | Koki Otsuka | Internal engine piston and its production method |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1876917A (en) * | 1929-08-10 | 1932-09-13 | Siemens Ag | Piston for internal combustion engines |
JPS5943470Y2 (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1984-12-24 | äøč±é»ę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | internal combustion engine |
JP3149066B2 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 2001-03-26 | ć¤ććēŗåę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Piston for internal combustion engine |
GB2332448B (en) * | 1997-12-20 | 2002-06-26 | Ae Goetze Automotive Ltd | Aluminium alloy |
FR2848129B1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2006-01-27 | Ascometal Sa | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A PISTON FOR AN EXPLOSION ENGINE, AND A PISTON THUS OBTAINED |
WO2005066481A1 (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2005-07-21 | Komatsu Ltd. | Piston for internal combustion engine |
US7458358B2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2008-12-02 | Federal Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Thermal oxidation protective surface for steel pistons |
EP2096290B1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2014-06-18 | Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Engine piston with cooling chamber having a non-stick coating |
CN101629295A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2010-01-20 | äøå½äŗŗę°č§£ę¾åē¬¬äŗäøäøä¹å·„å | Surface treating method of anti-carbon deposition for fuel nozzle |
BRPI0905186A2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-08-09 | Mahle Metal Leve Sa | piston ring |
JP5603736B2 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2014-10-08 | čę°“åå¦å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Single cell for solid oxide fuel cell |
CN202531299U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-11-14 | ę±čå å¼ę“»å”ęéå ¬åø | Aluminium piston for internal combustion engine capable of preventing carbon deposition |
-
2014
- 2014-02-26 EP EP14710708.0A patent/EP2964939B1/en active Active
- 2014-02-26 JP JP2015561396A patent/JP6356704B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-02-26 CN CN201480025217.6A patent/CN105190000B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-02-26 WO PCT/US2014/018573 patent/WO2014137690A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-02-26 KR KR1020157027530A patent/KR20150121239A/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060191508A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-08-31 | Koki Otsuka | Internal engine piston and its production method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2014137690A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2016509160A (en) | 2016-03-24 |
KR20150121239A (en) | 2015-10-28 |
CN105190000A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
EP2964939B1 (en) | 2021-11-17 |
JP6356704B2 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
WO2014137690A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
CN105190000B (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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