EP2961718A1 - Anti-dust mortar composition - Google Patents
Anti-dust mortar compositionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2961718A1 EP2961718A1 EP14710031.7A EP14710031A EP2961718A1 EP 2961718 A1 EP2961718 A1 EP 2961718A1 EP 14710031 A EP14710031 A EP 14710031A EP 2961718 A1 EP2961718 A1 EP 2961718A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- composition
- additive
- formula
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/025—Belite cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
- C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0075—Anti-dusting agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mineral binder-based composition comprising a dust-reducing additive, to its process of preparation and to the use of such a composition in the field of construction products, such as for example mortars-adhesives, facade coatings, interior or floor coatings, screeds, joints ....
- These hydraulic binder compositions comprise various powdered ingredients and are generally stored in powder form in bags. When used on construction sites, these bags are emptied and the powder is mixed with water: it is called a mixing operation. Once spoiled, the product thus obtained can be applied to the chosen support.
- the particles present in these compositions have sizes that can vary from a few micrometers to a few millimeters and some of them are capable of producing large dust emissions, particularly troublesome for the user when handling the product when is in the powdery state.
- a hydrocarbon organic substance such as mineral oils or paraffinic oils as dust suppressants.
- the application WO 2012/017169 describes the use of a fluid additive comprising an oil-type hydrocarbon compound comprising ester groups.
- regulations are changing and some hydrocarbon oils used today pose a significant risk by inhalation.
- the present invention relates to a binder-based powder composition
- a binder-based powder composition comprising at least:
- an anti-dust additive which is a compound chosen from:
- the addition of this dust additive does not modify the mechanical or physicochemical performance, especially the adhesion performance, of the products obtained from this composition.
- the compounds used as anti-dust additives have the advantage of being less polar than alcohols for example, since they do not comprise a hydroxyl group and therefore -OH bonds. The longer the hydrocarbon chain, the less polar the compound and the better its performance as a dust additive.
- alkyl hydrocarbon radical is understood to mean a linear or cyclic monovalent radical originating from the removal of a hydrogen atom in the molecule of a hydrocarbon.
- alkylene hydrocarbon radical is meant a divalent radical derived from the removal of two hydrogen atoms on two different carbon atoms of a saturated hydrocarbon.
- the anti-dust additive is a compound chosen from aliphatic amines of formula N R1 R2R3, or phosphates of formula P (O) (ORi ') (OR 2 ') (OR 3 ') in which the groups R 1; R 2 , R 3 , and IV, R 2 'R 3 ', which may be identical or different, represent linear, alkyl or alkylene hydrocarbon radicals, unsubstituted by a hydroxyl radical, optionally branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising a total number of atoms of carbon greater than or equal to 8.
- the content of additive in the composition according to the present invention is between 0.1 and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably between 0.4 and 1.5% by weight. in weight.
- the anti-dust additive comprises at least one organic compound with a heteroatom as described above comprising more than 12 carbon atoms, and even more preferably more than 16 carbon atoms.
- nitrogen compounds which can be used according to the present invention, mention may be made of tributylamine, tripenthylamine, trihexylamine, N, N-dimethylhexadecylamine, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyltetradecylamine, N, N-dimethyldodecaneamine, ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyloctadecylamine, N-ethyldidecylamine, N-methyldidodecylamine, ⁇ , ⁇ -diethylhexadecylamine, N-methyl-N-octyldecan-1-amine, N-ethyl-N-heptyldodecan-1-amine, N ethyl-N-hexyldodecan-1
- the additive according to the present invention may be a mixture of several organic compounds comprising the same heteroatom, at least one of the compounds present in the mixture comprising at least 8 carbon atoms and being defined as described above.
- the anti-dust additive according to the present invention may also comprise, in addition to the one or more organic compounds comprising a heteroatom described above, a compound for further reducing the polarity of the additive.
- the content of this compound preferably varies between 0.1 and 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.40% by weight.
- this compound is miscible with the organic compound comprising the heteroatom. It is for example chosen from mineral oils, paraffin oils, polyolefins or their mixtures.
- An additive consisting of a mixture of oil and organic compound comprising a heteroatom as defined above advantageously makes it possible to be less viscous than an additive solely based on oil.
- the addition of oil is particularly advantageous in the cases where the anti-dust additive is an organic compound comprising between 8 and 16 carbon atoms.
- the additive is preferably in liquid form at room temperature. It can be in the form of an emulsion, if its constituents are immiscible.
- the continuous phase also called the dispersing phase of the emulsion, is formed by the constituent which is the least polar.
- the composition according to the present invention comprises a mineral binder which is at least one compound selected from a hydraulic binder, a source of calcium sulfate or lime.
- the hydraulic binder is preferably chosen from Portland cements, aluminous cements, sulphoaluminous cements, belitic cements, blast furnace slags, pozzolanic mixture cements optionally comprising fly ash, silica fumes, limestone. , calcined shale and / or natural or calcinated pozzolans.
- the hydraulic binder may consist of one of the cements mentioned above, or be a mixture.
- the calcium sulfate may be plaster or hemihydrate, gypsum or anhydrite.
- the composition according to the present invention also comprises aggregates, aggregates and / or sands, or other inert fillers which play in particular on the rheology, the thickness, the hardness, the density, the final appearance and the permeability of the building material obtained.
- Aggregates, aggregates and / or sands are generally formed of siliceous sand, limestone and / or silico-limestone and have a particle size ranging between 100 ⁇ and 3 mm.
- Inert fillers may for example be polystyrene beads or pearlite, vermicullite or expanded glass granules.
- the composition according to the present invention may further comprise a water-dispersible polymer powder and / or a latex.
- a water-dispersible polymer powder is a polymer powder which, when mixed in an aqueous medium, splits into small particles, forming a stable dispersion in water.
- examples include thermoplastic polymers such as ethylenic copolymers, vinyl, styrene, acrylic or acrylic esters, elastomeric polymers, such as copolymers of styrene and butadiene or nitriles.
- latex refers in particular latex polymers conventionally used in building materials.
- latex elastomeric latexes, thermoplastic latices and thermosetting latices may be mentioned.
- latex is meant an aqueous emulsion or dispersion of one or more natural or synthetic polymeric substances.
- the water-dispersible polymer polymer powder and / or the latex comprises a polymer such as polyethylene, polyisoprene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, a polybutadiene or a derivative thereof, a derivative of polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl polyvinylate, polyvinyl acetate, copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene, a copolymer derivative of styrene and acrylic acid, or a copolymer of styrene and butadiene.
- a polymer such as polyethylene, polyisoprene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, a polybutadiene or a derivative thereof, a derivative of polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl polyvinylate, polyvinyl acetate, copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene, a copolymer derivative of styrene and acrylic acid, or a
- the composition may comprise between 0 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0 and 5% by weight of water-dispersible polymer powder and / or latex.
- composition according to the present invention may further comprise fillers called fillers, limestone or siliceous, with a particle size generally less than 150 ⁇ m.
- It may also comprise rheological agents, water-retaining agents, air-entraining agents, thickening agents, biocidal protective agents, fungicides, dispersing agents, pigments, accelerators and / or retarders. as well as other agents to improve the setting, the hardening, the stability of the products after application and in particular to adjust the color, the workability, the implementation or the impermeability.
- the content of additives and adjuvants conventionally varies between 0.1 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the composition described above.
- the additive is mixed with the other constituents of said composition by any technique known to those skilled in the art.
- the additive when the composition comprises aggregates, aggregates and / or sands or inert fillers, the additive is first mixed with these constituents.
- the mixture obtained after addition is then mixed with the other constituents, that is to say with the inorganic binder and any other additives present.
- the present invention also relates to mineral binder-based building materials such as mortars, plaster, plasters, screeds or tile joints comprising the composition described above, when mixed with water.
- composition C1 of dry mortar is prepared by mixing the following constituents (the percentages given correspond to mass percentages):
- compositions C2 to C8 are prepared by adding various compounds comprising heteroatoms and liquids at room temperature, and of purity greater than 90%, alone or as a mixture with a mineral oil:
- composition C1 -1% dibutylamine relative to the total mass of the composition C1. This gives the composition C2, not in accordance with the invention. -1% of tributanolamine relative to the total mass of the composition C1. This gives the composition C3, not in accordance with the invention.
- composition C4 is thus obtained.
- composition C5 is thus obtained.
- composition C6 according to the present invention is thus obtained.
- composition C7 1% of tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate relative to the total mass of the composition C1.
- composition C8 according to the present invention is thus obtained.
- the effectiveness of the additives to reduce the dust emissions of mortars is qualified by observing the amount of dust emitted during a fall of 100g of dry mortar in a transparent tube of height 50cm arranged vertically.
- the mortar compositions are noted according to the dust generated by this fall: the score "0" is equivalent to a high dust emission corresponding to the reference C1 sample without anti-dust agent. It is observed after the fall of the mortar in the tube, a thick dust rising out of the tube.
- the rating "++” is equivalent to a low dust emission rising less than half the height of the tube.
- the note “+” is equivalent to the intermediate cases: a release of dust rising above half the height of the tube.
- Table 1 Reduction of Reduction of Emissions Emissions of dust emissions after dust after 7 dust after 28 10 minutes days days days
- Table 1 A notable effect of dust reduction is noted when using dust suppressants comprising long hydrocarbon chains (greater than 8 carbon atoms) and a heteroatom.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1351839A FR3002769B1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2013-03-01 | ANTI-DUST MORTAR COMPOSITION |
PCT/FR2014/050417 WO2014131993A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-02-26 | Anti-dust mortar composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2961718A1 true EP2961718A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
Family
ID=48771592
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14710031.7A Withdrawn EP2961718A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-02-26 | Anti-dust mortar composition |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2961718A1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR094853A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3002769B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014131993A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112062523B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-07-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Thin-spraying material for reinforcing, beautifying and supporting sealing of coal mine roadway and preparation and use methods thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU422465B2 (en) * | 1968-09-17 | 1972-03-17 | Aminoplast modified phenol-aldehyde resole resin binder compositions and their uses | |
DE102005005998A1 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-08-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Use of aliphatic hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures in powdered construction chemicals |
US9802866B2 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2017-10-31 | United States Gypsum Company | Light weight gypsum board |
EP1783105B1 (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2011-07-27 | S.A. Lhoist Recherche Et Developpement | Mortar composition, process for the production and use thereof |
DE202006016797U1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2006-12-28 | Pci Augsburg Gmbh | Dry mortar contains dust-reducing additive, e.g. alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, ether, organic acid, alkanolamine, ester, ketone, silicone oil, polysiloxane-polyether copolymer, silicic acid, animal or vegetable oil or wax |
FR2963618B1 (en) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-03-08 | Bostik Sa | PULVERULENT COMPOSITION OF IMPROVED ADHESIVE MORTAR |
-
2013
- 2013-03-01 FR FR1351839A patent/FR3002769B1/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-02-21 AR ARP140100556A patent/AR094853A1/en unknown
- 2014-02-26 WO PCT/FR2014/050417 patent/WO2014131993A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-02-26 EP EP14710031.7A patent/EP2961718A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2014131993A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3002769A1 (en) | 2014-09-05 |
AR094853A1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
FR3002769B1 (en) | 2015-11-06 |
WO2014131993A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
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