EP2939317A1 - Chargeur d'aérosol concentrique par décharge électrique - Google Patents
Chargeur d'aérosol concentrique par décharge électriqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2939317A1 EP2939317A1 EP13814978.6A EP13814978A EP2939317A1 EP 2939317 A1 EP2939317 A1 EP 2939317A1 EP 13814978 A EP13814978 A EP 13814978A EP 2939317 A1 EP2939317 A1 EP 2939317A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- aerosol
- charger
- voltage
- narrowed portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
- B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
- B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
- B05B5/0535—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes at least two electrodes having different potentials being held on the discharge apparatus, one of them being a charging electrode of the corona type located in the spray or close to it, and another being of the non-corona type located outside of the path for the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
- B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
- B05B5/057—Arrangements for discharging liquids or other fluent material without using a gun or nozzle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/47—Generating plasma using corona discharges
- H05H1/471—Pointed electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for loading an aerosol and more particularly to a device for charging an aerosol using a continuous discharge type crown.
- None of the devices heretofore proposed can effectively reduce both the aerosol collection on the electrodes and the collection of ions produced by the discharge on the walls of the charger.
- the invention overcomes at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a device for charging the particles more efficiently by limiting both the loss of ions on the walls and the aerosol collection on the electrodes.
- the invention provides an electric discharge aerosol charger comprising a body, an ion source comprising two electrodes; the charger being characterized in that the body and at least a first electrode of the ion source are aligned on a same axis of longitudinal symmetry of the charger, the body surrounding the first electrode so as to define a circulation zone of a aerosol between a space defined between the body and the first electrode; and in that the first electrode comprises an orifice in communication with the aerosol circulation zone, the orifice being adapted to pass ions formed at the ion source so that they mix with an aerosol circulating in the aerosol circulation zone.
- the ion source further comprises a second electrode aligned with the body and the first electrode on the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the charger;
- the second electrode is a tip or a wire
- the body is a duct constituted by a first flared segment and a second straight segment, the first electrode being positioned at the center of the first flared segment;
- the first electrode is of frustoconical shape, the body being constituted by a cone extended by a tube;
- the first electrode consists of two plates that are symmetrical to one another with respect to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the charger;
- the aerosol charger further comprises a voltage generator for establishing a DC voltage between the first and the second electrode;
- the aerosol charger further comprises a ballast resistor placed in series with the generator;
- the first electrode is composed of a layer of insulating material surrounded by an outer metal layer and an inner metal layer, the charger further comprising a voltage generator making it possible to establish a DC voltage between the two metal layers of the electrode;
- the aerosol charger further comprises a voltage generator for establishing a DC voltage between the outer metal layer of the first electrode and the body;
- the aerosol charger further comprises successive polarized rings of the same polarity as the particles and positioned at the narrowed portion of the body, so as to confine the ions in the center of the narrowed part of the body by electrostatic repulsion;
- the narrowed part of the body consists of two semicylindrical electrodes, powered by an alternating current generator, so as to form an oscillating field in the narrowed part of the body;
- the narrowed part of the body consists of three electrodes fed by a three-phase current generator, so as to form a rotating field in the narrowed part of the body.
- the invention finds particular application in the measurement of size and concentration of aerosols by the use of an electric mobility analyzer.
- the particles are introduced in the form of an aerosol in the charger according to the invention where they receive a defined charge.
- the particles are sorted by an electrostatic field in a differential mobility analyzer. Aerosols are then counted by electric mobility range. Since electrical mobility is related to particle size, a data inversion gives the size distribution of the particles.
- the invention is also applicable in various processes requiring a very good control of the charge of the particles and in particular the filtration by electrostatic collection of particles in suspension, the focused deposition of particles, or bipolar coagulation.
- FIGS. 1a and 1b are representations in space of two device variants according to the invention.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are views in longitudinal section of two variants of aerosol feeder according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 represents the current-voltage characteristic of a plasma discharge obtained with the invention
- FIG. 5a is a representation in space of an alternative device according to the invention.
- a crown discharge aerosol charger according to the invention comprises a body 2, a second electrode 31 in the form of a tip and a first electrode 32.
- the first 32 electrode and the second 31 electrode define between them a ion source 3 where corona ions are formed.
- the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is typically between 1 and 10 mm.
- the first electrode may also be a wire or any other object having a small radius of curvature.
- the aerosol charger further comprises a voltage generator 6 which makes it possible to establish a DC voltage between the first 32 and the second 31 electrodes in order to generate, by a corona effect, ions between the two electrodes 31 and 32.
- the body 2 and the first electrode 32 are hollow and are aligned with the second electrode 31 on the same axis of longitudinal symmetry AA 'of the charger.
- the body 2 surrounds the first electrode 32 so as to define a zone 5 for circulating an aerosol Ae between a space defined between the body 2 and the first electrode 32.
- the aerosol Ae to be charged is injected between the body 2 and the first electrode 32.
- the first electrode 32 comprises an orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "in communication with the circulation zone 5 of the aerosol Ae, the orifice 321, 321', 321” being adapted to pass through ions formed by corona discharge between the first 32 and second 31 electrodes so that they mix with the aerosol Ae circulating in the aerosol circulation zone Ae.
- the ions are injected at the center of the particles to be charged, which has the effect of limiting the ion losses on the walls of the charger.
- a flow of dry air Ai is introduced into the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "so as to drive the ions formed by corona discharge to the circulation zone 5 of the aerosol Ae.
- the aerosol Ae is post-discharged and the ions are extracted from the ion source 3 by convection and mixed with the aerosol Ae, thus limiting the aerosol collection on the electrodes 32 and 31 and thus the destabilization of the discharge.
- the body 2, 2 ', or 2 " is a conduit consisting of a first flared segment 21, 21', or 21" and a second straight segment 22, 22 ', or 22 ". in the center of the flared portion 21, 21 ', 21 "of the body 2, 2', 2".
- the first electrode 32 ' is of hollow frustoconical shape so as to guide the flow dry air Ai towards the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "
- the body 2' consists of a cone 21 'extended by a tube 22'
- the first electrode 32 ' is placed in the center of the body 2 in that the aerosol flow injected between the first electrode 32 'and the hollow cone 21' is evacuated by the tube 22 'after being charged with ions at the orifice of the first electrode 321 , 321 ', 321 ".
- the first electrode 32 "consists of two plates symmetrical to each other with respect to the axis of longitudinal symmetry AA 'of the charger. a rectangular section conduit consisting of a first flared segment 21 "and a second straight segment 22".
- the current characteristic I / voltage T of a plasma discharge is not linear.
- the current characteristic I / voltage T of a plasma discharge depends on the polarity of the second electrode 31.
- the succession of subsequent discharge regimes is observed.
- the electric field applied between the two electrodes 31 and 32 causes only ions and electrons present in the air because of the ambient radioactivity. These ions and electrons migrate to the electrodes 31 and 32 in the applied electric field producing a small current.
- the regime is called "Background ionization". If the voltage between the electrodes 31 and 32 is sufficiently increased, all the electrons produced by radioactivity are captured and the current saturates.
- the current then increases exponentially with the voltage. This system is called the "Townsend” regime. If the voltage is further increased, the discharge goes into the “Trichel” regime in which the current is pulsed and then “Corona” in which the instantaneous current is constant. If the voltage is further increased, the electric point of rupture is reached: electrons are emitted by the cathode following an impact with an ion or a photon and the current drops. The discharge then enters the so-called “Glow” regime. If the voltage increases until the electrodes 31 and 32 become hot enough for the cathode to emit ions thermally, there is a transition to the arc.
- the succession of the discharge regimes is as follows. We first observe the Townsend regime and then the "Corona” regime. If the current is further increased, the discharge filament joins the two electrodes. This regime is called the “streamer” regime. Finally, if the voltage increases until the electrodes 31 and 32 become hot enough for the cathode to emit ions thermally, there is a transition to the arc.
- the "Trichel” diet, the "Corona” diet and the “Glow” diet are the most favorable diets for the formation of charged species.
- the "streamer” mode is excluded because the filaments vaporize a portion of the electrodes which leads to the formation of particles.
- the voltage applied between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 31 makes it possible to determine the discharge regime. In the case of “Trichel” and “Corona” regimes, it is not necessary to add a Ballast resistor to stabilize the discharge.
- a ballast resistor 61 placed in series with the generator 6 is preferably added in order to stabilize the discharge in the "Glow” regime.
- the concentric injection of the ions in the center of the particles to be charged makes it possible to limit the losses of ions on the walls of the charger. However, some of the ions are still collected on the wafer 323 of the first electrode 31 during their passage through the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "of the first electrode to further limit these losses, the first electrode 32 may be composed of a layer of insulating material 324 (with reference to FIG.
- the charger further comprising a voltage generator 7 for establishing a DC voltage between the two metal layers 322 and 326 of the electrode, typically a few hundred Voltage difference between the two metal layers 322 and 326 of the first electrode 32 creates an electrostatic field which makes it possible to increase the speed of the ions during their passage through the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "and so limit the amount of ions collected on the first electrode 32 at the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 ".
- a fraction of the ions extracted from the orifice 321, 321 ', 321 "of the first electrode 32 is collected on the outer metal layer 322 of the first electrode 32, this fraction is useless for the aerosol charge.
- a voltage generator 8 (with reference to FIG. 3) making it possible to establish a DC voltage, typically of a few hundred volts, between the outer metal layer 326 of the first electrode 32 and the body 2.
- the potential difference between the first electrode 32 and the body 2 creates an electrostatic field between the body 2 and the first electrode 32 which limits the collection of ions collected on the first electrode 32.
- FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c three embodiments of a device according to the invention will now be described.
- the narrowed portion 22, 22 ', 22 "of the body 2, 2', 2" may consist of two semicylindrical electrodes, powered by an alternating current generator 24 (with reference to FIG. 5b), so as to form an oscillating field in the narrowed portion 22, 22 ', 22 "of the body 2, 2', 2".
- the narrowed portion 22, 22 ', 22 "of the body 2, 2', 2" may consist of three electrodes supplied by a three-phase current generator 25 (with reference to FIG. 5c), so as to form a field rotating in the narrowed portion 22, 22 ', 22 "of the body 2, 2', 2".
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1262942A FR3000414B1 (fr) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Chargeur d'aerosol concentrique par decharge electrique |
| PCT/EP2013/077949 WO2014102258A1 (fr) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-23 | Chargeur d'aérosol concentrique par décharge électrique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2939317A1 true EP2939317A1 (fr) | 2015-11-04 |
| EP2939317B1 EP2939317B1 (fr) | 2019-07-31 |
Family
ID=48170634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13814978.6A Not-in-force EP2939317B1 (fr) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-23 | Chargeur d'aérosol concentrique par décharge électrique |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10177541B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2939317B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3000414B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2014102258A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH713662A2 (de) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-15 | Soudronic Ag | Pulversprühkopf und Pulverbeschichtungsanlage mit einem solchen. |
| CH713909A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-28 | Soudronic Ag | Vorrichtung zur unterbruchlosen Beschichtung von Dosenzargen und Betriebsverfahren. |
| US11845100B2 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2023-12-19 | Tianjin Cenax Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Electrospray device for fluidized bed apparatus, fluidized bed apparatus and method |
| EP3671983A1 (fr) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-24 | Blueair Cabin Air AB | Ioniseur |
| JP7538623B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-18 | 2024-08-22 | シャープ株式会社 | 放電装置及び電気機器 |
| CN117206081B (zh) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-05-17 | 广州镜湖香精科技有限公司 | 一种低功耗静电驱动的气味捕集装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE458077B (sv) * | 1987-07-03 | 1989-02-20 | Astra Vent Ab | Anordning foer transport och ev samtidig rening av luft |
| JP3046951B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-27 | 2000-05-29 | 株式会社セイスイ | 空気清浄化装置 |
| DE60024992T2 (de) * | 1999-04-23 | 2006-08-24 | Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus | Richtungsverstellbarer ehd- aerosol-zerstäuber |
| US6082628A (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2000-07-04 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Powder charger and sprayer |
| DE10348217A1 (de) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-05-25 | Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aerosolauf- oder Aerosolumladung in einen definierten Ladungszustand einer bipolaren Diffusionsaufladung mit Hilfe einer elektrischen Entladung im Aerosolraum |
| TWI365769B (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2012-06-11 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | Particles charger with high-speed airflow for enhancing charging efficiency |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 FR FR1262942A patent/FR3000414B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-12-23 EP EP13814978.6A patent/EP2939317B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-12-23 US US14/655,541 patent/US10177541B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-23 WO PCT/EP2013/077949 patent/WO2014102258A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2014102258A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2939317B1 (fr) | 2019-07-31 |
| WO2014102258A1 (fr) | 2014-07-03 |
| US20150349501A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
| US10177541B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
| FR3000414B1 (fr) | 2015-07-10 |
| FR3000414A1 (fr) | 2014-07-04 |
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