EP2936508B1 - Magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil - Google Patents

Magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2936508B1
EP2936508B1 EP13824614.5A EP13824614A EP2936508B1 EP 2936508 B1 EP2936508 B1 EP 2936508B1 EP 13824614 A EP13824614 A EP 13824614A EP 2936508 B1 EP2936508 B1 EP 2936508B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner leg
leg
magnetic circuit
magnetic
coil
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13824614.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2936508A1 (en
Inventor
Richard DEMERSSEMAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo eAutomotive France SAS
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Valeo Siemens eAutomotive France SAS
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Publication of EP2936508A1 publication Critical patent/EP2936508A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/255—Magnetic cores made from particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/25—Magnetic cores made from strips or ribbons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F2003/106—Magnetic circuits using combinations of different magnetic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2847—Sheets; Strips
    • H01F2027/2857—Coil formed from wound foil conductor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil.
  • the assembly formed by the magnetic circuit and the coil can in particular, but not exclusively, belong to a static converter of electrical energy, such as a DC / DC voltage converter, performing the inductance function there.
  • This assembly 100 comprises a magnetic circuit 101 comprising four U-shaped magnetic elements 102. These four elements 102 define: an inner leg 103, two outer legs 104 arranged on either side of the inner leg 103 and two connecting parts 105 and 106.
  • the inner leg 103 and the outer legs 104 each comprise a non-magnetic element 108 disposed between two magnetic elements 102 so as to form an air gap.
  • Each non-magnetic element 108 is, for example, a resin wedge.
  • An electrically conductive coil 110 is wound around the inner leg 103, this coil 110 being electrically insulated from this leg 103 by means of an insulating support 111.
  • the coil 110 is for example obtained by winding an electrically conductive strip coated with 'an insulator on one of its faces.
  • the assembly 100 is received in a housing externally surrounding all or part of the external legs 104 and the connecting parts 105 and 106.
  • a housing implemented in conjunction with a resin which electrically isolates it from the coil 110, can allow to ensure the cooling of the assembly 100 or its protection vis-à-vis the aggressions of the external environment, for example vis-à-vis humidity, dust, etc.
  • the assembly 100 When used in a static converter of electrical energy, the assembly 100 is typically crossed by an alternating current. The latter is the source of an alternating magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 101. This flux experiences “widening" outside the air gaps of the outer legs 104 and the inner leg 103, while it remains well “confined” inside. magnetic elements 102.
  • the enlargement outside the air gaps of the outer legs 104 and the inner leg 103 of the magnetic flux leads this flux to pass through. certain regions of the coil 110. Due to the heating due to eddy currents, the aging of the insulation between turns in these regions may be faster than in the rest of the coil 110, leading to a deterioration of the service life of the set 100.
  • the production of the inner leg according to the invention also makes it possible to better channel the magnetic flux inside the latter at the level of said portion, or part, whose magnetic permeability is reduced, making it possible to reduce the widening of the flux. magnetic outside said inner leg towards the coil or coils carried by the circuit and thus reduce the risk of heating by eddy currents.
  • Said portion then forms an air gap at the level of the inner leg.
  • inner leg refers to the part of the magnetic circuit one side of which faces an outer leg and the other side of which faces another leg
  • outer leg relates to the part of the magnetic circuit having one side facing the inner leg and the other opposite side of which defines an outer surface of the assembly.
  • the opposite sides of an inner leg and an outer leg are separated by a space capable of being occupied by part of one or more coils.
  • Said portion of the inner leg may form only a fraction of the inner leg or, alternatively, the entire inner leg.
  • Said portion of the inner leg can be formed by a single material or by several sections, each section then being in a given material.
  • the relative magnetic permeability of each of these materials can be lower than that of the material or materials forming the outer legs.
  • Each outer leg may be made in one piece from the same material from one outer leg to the other and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg may be lower than the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the legs. outside.
  • the ratio between the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the outer legs can be between 0, 1 and 0.01, or even be between 0.1 and 0.001. We can thus ensure that the magnetic field is sufficiently channeled in the inner leg of the magnetic circuit.
  • the relative magnetic permeability of the material (s) forming said portion of the inner leg can be between 6 and 20 and the relative magnetic permeability of the material (s) forming the outer leg can be d '' at least 600.
  • the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg may be less than the minimum value of the relative magnetic permeability of the materials used for the outer legs.
  • the range of values mentioned above for the relative magnetic permeability ratio namely [0.01; 0.1] or [0.001; 0.1], can then be applied between the value of relative magnetic permeability of said portion of the inner leg and the minimum value of relative magnetic permeability for the outer legs.
  • the material of said portion of the inner leg may be a magnetic powder.
  • the latter may have been previously molded and then compacted to form said portion.
  • the magnetic powder can have a relative magnetic permeability of between a few units and a few hundred, between 6 and 100 for example.
  • the connecting part can comprise at least a portion made of the same material or materials as said portion of the inner leg. This portion of the connecting part may or may not be adjacent to the junction between the inner leg and the connecting part. The rest of the connecting part may or may not be made of the same material as the outer legs.
  • all of a connecting part is made of the same material or materials as those used to make the outer legs, so that the area of the magnetic circuit including the relative magnetic permeability is reduced is exclusively localized in the inner leg.
  • Each of the inner leg and of the outer legs can extend parallel to the same longitudinal axis between a first and a second end and the connecting part can comprise a first part connecting the first ends to each other and a second part connecting the second ends. between them.
  • This longitudinal axis then constitutes the longitudinal axis of the magnetic circuit.
  • a cross section is a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the ratio between the length of said leg and the length of said portion can be between 0.1 and 1, being for example equal to 1.
  • each end of the inner leg may have a cross section varying along the longitudinal axis.
  • the cross section of the ends can thus decrease as one approaches the corresponding connecting part.
  • Each end of the inner leg may include several successive cross sections being homothetic images with a ratio less than one from one section to the other, when one approaches the corresponding connecting part.
  • at least one of the cross sections of the first or second end of the inner leg may have a shape different from the shape of the other cross sections of said end.
  • each outer leg can be formed using a magnetic tape wound around an axis.
  • said winding axis may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the magnetic circuit and not cut the inner leg and one or the other of the outer legs simultaneously.
  • each outer leg can be formed by a stack of magnetic sheets.
  • said sheets can be stacked along a stacking axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and not simultaneously cutting the inner leg and one or the other of the outer legs.
  • the magnetic circuit can have a shape very close to that of a parallelepiped, or even have exactly a parallelepiped shape.
  • this association may be arranged in the form of a compact block of one or more rows of magnetic circuits, the parallelepiped shape of the latter. to reduce the volume "not useful" corresponding to the interstices between magnetic circuits, in particular up to the “bare minimum” imposed by the constraints of electrical insulation and heat dissipation.
  • Such a combination of parallelepipedic magnetic circuits can also prove to be advantageous in the case where a metal case is required, for the reasons for example mentioned previously, ie cooling and protection.
  • a single metal case can be used, the parts surrounding the magnetic circuits can occupy the gaps mentioned above together with the electrically insulating resin.
  • each outer leg can be formed by a specific part, just like the first and the second connecting part.
  • the connecting part can be formed by three separate parts, a first part being in contact with one end of the inner leg and being arranged between a second part and a third part.
  • the second part and the third part may have an elongated part and two returns separated by the elongated part, and in particular perpendicular to this elongated part.
  • the elongated part can define the whole of an outer leg, a return can define the fraction of the first connecting part adjacent to said outer leg, and the other return can define the fraction of the second connecting part adjacent to said leg outside.
  • the magnetic circuit can form a shell.
  • the assembly can form one or more inductors, as explained below.
  • the coil can be formed by winding an electrically conductive wire.
  • the coil can be formed by an electrically insulated metal strip on one of its two faces (“foil” in English).
  • the coil can be wrapped around an area of the inner leg. Said area may or may not coincide with said portion of the inner leg.
  • the coil is, for example, wrapped around less than the length of the inner leg.
  • the coil (s) may not be encapsulated in the magnetic circuit, that is to say that one or more portions of the coil (s) may not be covered by the magnetic circuit, the latter then not forming a screen between said portions of the coil (s) and the outside of the assembly.
  • the coil can be unique, in which case a single inductance is formed by the assembly.
  • the magnetic circuit can carry several coils, in which case the assembly can form several inductances. These can then be coupled.
  • the magnetic circuit When the magnetic circuit carries several coils, the latter can be wound around one of the following zones of the magnetic circuit: a zone of one of the outer legs or a zone of a connecting part.
  • the assembly comprises for example four coils and each of them can be wound around an area of the connecting part.
  • One of the coils is for example wound around an area of the first connecting part between the first end of the inner leg and the first outer leg
  • another coil is for example wrapped around an area of the first connecting part between the first end of the inner leg and the second outer leg
  • another coil is for example wound around an area of the second connecting part between the second end of the inner leg and the first outer leg
  • the last coil is for example wrapped around an area of the second connecting part between the second end of the inner leg and the second outer leg.
  • the coils arranged near the same outer leg can be electrically connected to each other, so that the assembly forms two coupled inductances.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises two inner legs
  • six coils can be carried by the magnetic circuit and a first inductance is formed by three coils electrically connected in series and a second inductance is formed by the other three coils electrically connected in series .
  • the magnetic circuit comprises two inner legs
  • six coils can be carried by the magnetic circuit and three inductors can be formed by electrically connecting the coils in pairs.
  • the inductance of a coil can be between 100 and 500 ⁇ F, being for example of the order of 450 ⁇ F.
  • Another subject of the invention is a static converter of electrical energy, comprising at least one assembly as defined above.
  • the converter can be a voltage converter. It is for example a DC / DC voltage converter, allowing for example the rise of a voltage of 300 V to a value of 800 V.
  • the switching frequency of this converter can be greater than 1 kHz, being for example between 1 and 100 kHz, being in particular of the order of 20 kHz.
  • This DC / DC voltage converter is for example part of an electrical circuit used for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical energy storage unit and an electric motor of a hybrid or electric vehicle, and on board the vehicle.
  • this DC / DC voltage converter can be part of an electrical circuit used to the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical network external to the vehicle and an electrical energy storage unit, and on board the vehicle.
  • the DC / DC voltage converter is part of an electrical circuit on board a hybrid or electric vehicle and serving both for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical energy storage unit and a motor. electricity and the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical network external to the vehicle and the electrical energy storage unit.
  • the above assembly can be associated with an inverter.
  • the assembly 1 comprises a magnetic circuit 2 and a single coil 3 in the example described.
  • the magnetic circuit 2 comprises two outer legs 4 and an inner leg 6 disposed between the two outer legs 4.
  • a connecting portion 7 guides the magnetic flux from the inner leg 6 to each outer leg 4.
  • each outer leg 4 is here made in one piece, being devoid of air gap.
  • each outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6 can extend parallel to the same rectilinear longitudinal axis X, between two ends 10 and 11 for the outer legs 4, and 12 and 13 for the inner leg 6.
  • the connecting part 7 can then comprise a first connecting part 14 connecting the first ends 10 and 12 to each other and a second connecting part 15 connecting the second ends 11 and 13 to each other.
  • the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts extend transversely with respect to the X axis, in particular perpendicular to this X axis.
  • the inner leg 6 comprises a portion 16 made of a material different from that used to make the rest of the magnetic circuit 2 shown in the figure 2 .
  • the portion 16 is for example produced in a magnetic powder.
  • the powder may have been previously molded and then compacted to make this portion 16.
  • the powder sold by the company Magnetics® under the reference “XFlux 60 ⁇ ” is used.
  • the magnetic powder may have a relative magnetic permeability of between a few units and a few hundred, for example between 6 and 100.
  • the rest of the magnetic circuit 2 is made of magnetic sheet, for example sold by the company JFE® under the reference "10JNHF600” .
  • a ratio between 0.1 and 0.01 exists for example between the relative magnetic permeability of the portion 16 and that of the material used to make the outer legs 4 and the connecting part 7 of the magnetic circuit 2 of the figure 2 .
  • the coil 3 is unique in the example of the figure 2 and it is wound around the inner leg 6.
  • the coil 3 is in this example of the “foil” type, that is to say that it is formed by a tape 18, one of the faces of which is coated with a insulating layer 19.
  • the tape 18 is for example made of copper or aluminum.
  • the assembly 1 is arranged in a housing (not shown), serving both to cool the assembly 1 and to protect the latter from attack from the external environment.
  • This set 1, seen from the front on the figure 3 comprises a single coil 3 wound around the inner leg 6.
  • the coil 3 is formed by an electrically conductive tape 20 coated with an electrical insulator 22, as can be seen in the figure 4 who represents in detail a part of the reel 3 of the whole of the figure 3 .
  • the coil 3 is in this example not encapsulated in the magnetic circuit 2.
  • the portion 16 defines the entire inner leg 6, that is to say that the inner leg 6 is integrally formed by the portion 16.
  • Each outer leg 4 as well as the fraction of the first connecting part 14 and the fraction of the second connecting part 15 disposed between said outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6 is obtained by winding a soft magnetic tape 22 around an axis Z located in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X and not intersecting both the inner leg 6 and one or the other of the outer legs 4.
  • each outer leg 4 extends beyond the coil 3 by its first 10 and second 11 ends.
  • the coil 3 can extend beyond the outer legs 4 on each side thereof on either side of the longitudinal axis X, as shown in the figure 5 .
  • the figure 6 represents a detail of the figure 3 showing the constitution of the outer legs 4 and the connecting parts 14 and 15 according to this first example of implementation of the invention, these the latter being constituted by layers of magnetic material 23 alternating with non-magnetic layers 24.
  • the outer legs 4 and the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are here obtained by stacking magnetic sheets, in a direction perpendicular to the axis X and not cutting both the inner leg 6 and one or the other of the outer legs 4, this direction being the axis Z on the figure 8 .
  • outer legs 4 and the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are then formed by layers of magnetic material 23 alternating with layers of magnetic insulator 24.
  • the assembly 1 has, according to this second example of implementation of the invention, a generally parallelepiped shape.
  • each end 12 and 13 of the inner leg 6 has successive decreasing cross sections when one approaches the connecting part 14 or 15 corresponding.
  • the first connecting part 14 also comprises three sections 30 to 32 but the latter are straight, having the form of bars without return.
  • the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts may have portions 40 facing the ends 12 and 13 of the inner leg 6 made of a material different from that used to form the rest of said parts 14 or 15.
  • these portions 40 can also be produced in powder form, in particular with the same powder. Continuity can thus exist between the portion 16 of the inner leg 6 and the portions 40 of the connecting parts 14 and 15.
  • the portions 40 may extend along the axis X, from one edge to the other or not of each connecting part 14 or 15.
  • each end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 has a cross section varying as one approaches the connecting portion 14 or 15 adjacent.
  • the cross section can vary in decreasing steps when one approaches the corresponding connecting part, forming a visible staircase on the figure 15 .
  • the portion 40 of each connecting part 14 or 15 in this example has a constant cross section, the latter being equal to the final cross section of the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6.
  • the portion 40 has a cross section which decreases continuously until it cancels out, having a pyramidal shape when viewed perpendicular to the axis X.
  • the portion 40 successively comprises, when moving away from the inner leg 6, a first section 41 whose cross section is the same as that of the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 and a second section 42 whose cross section is a homothetic image with a ratio less than one of that of the section 41.
  • first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are devoid of portion 40 and the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 is made of the same material as the outer legs 4 and that the parts of link 14 and 15.
  • a single coil 3 is carried by the magnetic circuit 2 and this coil is wound around all or part of the length of the inner leg 6.
  • FIGS 18 and 19 illustrate another overall example 1.
  • four coils 3 are carried by the magnetic circuit 2. None of these coils 3 is wound around the inner leg 6.
  • one of the coils 3 1 is wound around a zone 50 of the first connecting part 14 between the first end 12 of the inner leg 6 and one of the outer legs 4
  • another coil 3 2 is wound around a zone 51 of the first connecting part 7 between the first end 12 of the inner leg 6 and the other outer leg 4
  • another coil 3 3 is wound around an area 53 of the second connecting part 15 between the second end 13 of the inner leg 6 and the outer leg 4 adjacent to the coil 3 1
  • the last coil 3 4 is wound around a zone 53 of the second connecting part 15 between the second end 13 of the inner leg 6 and said other outer leg 4.
  • the coils 3 1 and 3 3 are electrically connected to each other, so as to form a single inductance and the coils 3 2 and 3 4 are also electrically connected to each other.
  • six coils 3 1 to 3 6 can be carried by the magnetic circuit 2 which then comprises two inner legs 6. Among these six coils, three are electrically connected in series so as to form an inductance, just like the three remaining coils which form another inductance. Three coils 3 1 to 3 3 are for example carried by the first connecting part 14 and electrically connected in series while the other three coils 3 4 to 3 6 are carried by the second connecting part 15 and electrically connected in series.
  • three inductors are formed by connecting the coils 3 1 to 3 6 in series two by two.
  • the assembly 1 which has just been described may have, when the magnetic circuit 2 carries only one coil, an inductance of approximately 450 ⁇ H.
  • This inductance can be integrated into a DC / DC voltage converter working at a switching frequency of 20 kHz and with a duty cycle of 0.66 to convert a voltage of 300 V into a voltage of 800 V, for example.
  • the voltage converter is for example part of an inverter / charger circuit of an electric vehicle, for example as disclosed in the application WO 2010/057893 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un circuit magnétique pour porter au moins une bobine. L'ensemble formé par le circuit magnétique et la bobine peut notamment, mais non exclusivement, appartenir à un convertisseur statique d'énergie électrique, tel qu'un convertisseur de tension continu/continu, y réalisant la fonction d'inductance.The present invention relates to a magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil. The assembly formed by the magnetic circuit and the coil can in particular, but not exclusively, belong to a static converter of electrical energy, such as a DC / DC voltage converter, performing the inductance function there.

On a représenté à la figure 1 un exemple d'ensemble 100 connu. Cet ensemble 100 comprend un circuit magnétique 101 comprenant quatre éléments magnétiques 102 en forme de U. Ces quatre éléments 102 définissent : une jambe intérieure 103, deux jambes extérieures 104 disposées de part et d'autre de la jambe intérieure 103 et deux parties de liaison 105 et 106.We represented at the figure 1 an example of a known assembly 100. This assembly 100 comprises a magnetic circuit 101 comprising four U-shaped magnetic elements 102. These four elements 102 define: an inner leg 103, two outer legs 104 arranged on either side of the inner leg 103 and two connecting parts 105 and 106.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 1, la jambe intérieure 103 et les jambes extérieures 104 comprennent chacune un élément amagnétique 108 disposé entre deux éléments magnétiques 102 de manière à former un entrefer. Chaque élément amagnétique 108 est par exemple une cale en résine.As we can see on the figure 1 , the inner leg 103 and the outer legs 104 each comprise a non-magnetic element 108 disposed between two magnetic elements 102 so as to form an air gap. Each non-magnetic element 108 is, for example, a resin wedge.

Une bobine électriquement conductrice 110 est enroulée autour de la jambe intérieure 103, cette bobine 110 étant isolée électriquement de cette jambe 103 grâce à un support isolant 111. La bobine 110 est par exemple obtenue par l'enroulement d'une bande électriquement conductrice revêtue d'un isolant sur l'une de ses faces.An electrically conductive coil 110 is wound around the inner leg 103, this coil 110 being electrically insulated from this leg 103 by means of an insulating support 111. The coil 110 is for example obtained by winding an electrically conductive strip coated with 'an insulator on one of its faces.

L'ensemble 100 est reçu dans un boîtier entourant extérieurement tout ou partie des jambes extérieures 104 et des parties de liaison 105 et 106. Un tel boîtier, mis en œuvre conjointement avec une résine qui l'isole électriquement de la bobine 110, peut permettre d'assurer le refroidissement de l'ensemble 100 ou sa protection vis-à-vis des agressions de l'environnement extérieur, par exemple vis-à-vis de l'humidité, la poussière, etc.The assembly 100 is received in a housing externally surrounding all or part of the external legs 104 and the connecting parts 105 and 106. Such a housing, implemented in conjunction with a resin which electrically isolates it from the coil 110, can allow to ensure the cooling of the assembly 100 or its protection vis-à-vis the aggressions of the external environment, for example vis-à-vis humidity, dust, etc.

Lors d'une utilisation dans un convertisseur statique d'énergie électrique, l'ensemble 100 est typiquement traversé par un courant alternatif. Ce dernier est source d'un flux magnétique alternatif dans le circuit magnétique 101. Ce flux connaît un « élargissement » hors des entrefers des jambes extérieures 104 et de la jambe intérieure 103, alors qu'il reste bien « confiné » à l'intérieur des éléments magnétiques 102.When used in a static converter of electrical energy, the assembly 100 is typically crossed by an alternating current. The latter is the source of an alternating magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 101. This flux experiences "widening" outside the air gaps of the outer legs 104 and the inner leg 103, while it remains well "confined" inside. magnetic elements 102.

Cet élargissement du flux hors des entrefers des jambes extérieures 104, combiné au fait que l'ensemble 100 est reçu dans un boîtier adjacent à chaque jambe extérieure, peut poser problème. En effet, le flux ainsi élargi peut traverser certaines parties du boîtier et, en raison de son caractère alternatif et du caractère conducteur du matériau du boîtier, y induire des courants de Foucault, ces derniers provoquant des pertes Joules, d'où une perte d'énergie par un échauffement non souhaité du boîtier.This widening of the flow outside the air gaps of the outer legs 104, combined with the fact that the assembly 100 is received in a housing adjacent to each outer leg, can pose a problem. Indeed, the flow thus widened can pass through certain parts of the housing and, due to its alternating nature and the conductive nature of the material of the housing, induce eddy currents there, the latter causing Joule losses, hence a loss of energy by unwanted heating of the housing.

Indépendamment de la présence du boîtier, l'élargissement hors des entrefers des jambes extérieures 104 et de la jambe intérieure 103 du flux magnétique conduit ce flux à traverser certaines régions de la bobine 110. En raison des échauffements dûs aux courants de Foucault, le vieillissement de l'isolant entre spires dans ces régions pourra être plus rapide que dans le reste de la bobine 110, conduisant à une dégradation de la durée de vie de l'ensemble 100.Regardless of the presence of the housing, the enlargement outside the air gaps of the outer legs 104 and the inner leg 103 of the magnetic flux leads this flux to pass through. certain regions of the coil 110. Due to the heating due to eddy currents, the aging of the insulation between turns in these regions may be faster than in the rest of the coil 110, leading to a deterioration of the service life of the set 100.

Il existe un besoin pour bénéficier d'un circuit magnétique pour porter au moins une bobine, remédiant aux inconvénients ci-dessus, notamment de manière à pouvoir être utilisé industriellement en tant qu'inductance, en particulier pour de la conversion statique d'énergie électrique dans un véhicule automobile hybride ou électrique.There is a need to benefit from a magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil, remedying the above drawbacks, in particular so as to be able to be used industrially as an inductor, in particular for the static conversion of electrical energy. in a hybrid or electric motor vehicle.

L'invention vise à répondre à ce besoin et elle y parvient, selon l'un de ses aspects, à l'aide d'un circuit magnétique tel que défini dans la revendication 1, le circuit comprenant :

  • au moins une jambe intérieure et au moins deux jambes extérieures, et
  • une partie de liaison servant à guider le flux magnétique de la jambe intérieure vers chaque jambe extérieure,
chaque jambe extérieure étant dépourvue d'entrefer et la jambe intérieure étant au moins en partie réalisée dans un ou plusieurs matériaux présentant une perméabilité magnétique relative inférieure à celle du ou des matériaux formant les jambes extérieures.The invention aims to meet this need and it achieves this, according to one of its aspects, using a magnetic circuit as defined in claim 1, the circuit comprising:
  • at least one inner leg and at least two outer legs, and
  • a connecting part serving to guide the magnetic flux from the inner leg to each outer leg,
each outer leg being devoid of air gap and the inner leg being at least partly made of one or more materials having a relative magnetic permeability lower than that of the material or materials forming the outer legs.

Du fait de l'absence d'entrefer dans les jambes extérieures, on réduit les risques d'élargissement hors desdites jambes vers le boîtier et/ou vers la ou les bobines portées par le circuit magnétique du flux magnétique circulant dans les jambes extérieures. On réduit ainsi le risque d'apparition de courants de Foucault dans le boîtier ou dans la ou les bobines et, de cette façon, d'échauffement tel que mentionné ci-dessus.Due to the absence of an air gap in the outer legs, the risk of widening out of said legs is reduced towards the housing and / or towards the coil or coils carried by the magnetic circuit of the magnetic flux circulating in the outer legs. This reduces the risk of eddy currents appearing in the housing or in the coil (s) and, in this way, of heating as mentioned above.

La réalisation de la jambe intérieure selon l'invention permet en outre de mieux canaliser le flux magnétique à l'intérieur de cette dernière au niveau de ladite portion, ou partie, dont la perméabilité magnétique est réduite, permettant de réduire l'élargissement du flux magnétique hors de ladite jambe intérieure vers la ou les bobines portées par le circuit et ainsi de réduire le risque d'échauffement par courants de Foucault.The production of the inner leg according to the invention also makes it possible to better channel the magnetic flux inside the latter at the level of said portion, or part, whose magnetic permeability is reduced, making it possible to reduce the widening of the flux. magnetic outside said inner leg towards the coil or coils carried by the circuit and thus reduce the risk of heating by eddy currents.

Ladite portion forme alors en entrefer au niveau de la jambe intérieure.Said portion then forms an air gap at the level of the inner leg.

Au sens de la présente demande « jambe intérieure » se rapporte à la partie du circuit magnétique dont un côté est en regard d'une jambe extérieure et dont l'autre côté est en regard d'une autre jambe, et « jambe extérieure » se rapporte à la partie du circuit magnétique ayant un côté en regard de la jambe intérieure et dont l'autre côté opposé définit une surface extérieure de l'ensemble. Les côtés en regard d'une jambe intérieure et d'une jambe extérieure sont séparés par un espace apte à être occupé par partie d'une ou plusieurs bobines.Within the meaning of the present application “inner leg” refers to the part of the magnetic circuit one side of which faces an outer leg and the other side of which faces another leg, and “outer leg” relates to the part of the magnetic circuit having one side facing the inner leg and the other opposite side of which defines an outer surface of the assembly. The opposite sides of an inner leg and an outer leg are separated by a space capable of being occupied by part of one or more coils.

Ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut ne former qu'une fraction de la jambe intérieure ou, en variante, la totalité de la jambe intérieure.Said portion of the inner leg may form only a fraction of the inner leg or, alternatively, the entire inner leg.

Ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut être formée par un seul matériau ou par plusieurs tronçons, chaque tronçon étant alors dans un matériau donné. Lorsque plusieurs matériaux sont utilisés pour former ladite portion de la jambe intérieure, la perméabilité magnétique relative de chacun de ces matériaux peut être inférieure à celle du ou des matériaux formant les jambes extérieures.Said portion of the inner leg can be formed by a single material or by several sections, each section then being in a given material. When several materials are used to form said portion of the inner leg, the relative magnetic permeability of each of these materials can be lower than that of the material or materials forming the outer legs.

Chaque jambe extérieure peut être réalisée d'un seul tenant en un même matériau d'une jambe extérieure à l'autre et la perméabilité magnétique relative du matériau de ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut être inférieure à la perméabilité magnétique relative du matériau des jambes extérieures.Each outer leg may be made in one piece from the same material from one outer leg to the other and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg may be lower than the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the legs. outside.

Le rapport entre la perméabilité magnétique relative du matériau de ladite portion de la jambe intérieure et la perméabilité magnétique relative du matériau des jambes extérieures peut être compris entre 0, 1 et 0,01, voire être compris entre 0,1 et 0,001. On peut ainsi s'assurer que le champ magnétique est suffisamment canalisé dans la jambe intérieure du circuit magnétique. A titre d'exemple, la perméabilité magnétique relative du ou des matériau(x) formant ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut être comprise entre 6 et 20 et la perméabilité magnétique relative du ou des matériau(x) formant les jambes extérieures peut être d'au moins 600.The ratio between the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the outer legs can be between 0, 1 and 0.01, or even be between 0.1 and 0.001. We can thus ensure that the magnetic field is sufficiently channeled in the inner leg of the magnetic circuit. By way of example, the relative magnetic permeability of the material (s) forming said portion of the inner leg can be between 6 and 20 and the relative magnetic permeability of the material (s) forming the outer leg can be d '' at least 600.

Lorsque l'on emploi un matériau différent d'une jambe extérieure à l'autre ou lorsque chaque jambe extérieure comprend des sections en différents matériaux, la perméabilité magnétique relative du matériau de ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut être inférieure à la valeur minimale de la perméabilité magnétique relative des matériaux utilisés pour les jambes extérieures. La plage de valeurs mentionnée ci-dessus pour le rapport de perméabilité magnétique relative, à savoir [0,01 ; 0,1] ou [0 ,001 ; 0,1], peut alors s'appliquer entre la valeur de perméabilité magnétique relative de ladite portion de la jambe intérieure et la valeur minimale de perméabilité magnétique relative pour les jambes extérieures.When a different material is used from one outer leg to the other or when each outer leg comprises sections of different materials, the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion of the inner leg may be less than the minimum value of the relative magnetic permeability of the materials used for the outer legs. The range of values mentioned above for the relative magnetic permeability ratio, namely [0.01; 0.1] or [0.001; 0.1], can then be applied between the value of relative magnetic permeability of said portion of the inner leg and the minimum value of relative magnetic permeability for the outer legs.

Le matériau de ladite portion de la jambe intérieure peut être une poudre magnétique. Cette dernière peut avoir été préalablement moulée puis compactée pour former ladite portion.The material of said portion of the inner leg may be a magnetic powder. The latter may have been previously molded and then compacted to form said portion.

La poudre magnétique peut avoir une perméabilité magnétique relative comprise entre quelques unités et quelques centaines, entre 6 et 100 par exemple.The magnetic powder can have a relative magnetic permeability of between a few units and a few hundred, between 6 and 100 for example.

La partie de liaison peut comprendre au moins une portion réalisée dans le ou les mêmes matériaux que ladite portion de la jambe intérieure. Cette portion de la partie de liaison peut être adjacente ou non à la jonction entre la jambe intérieure et la partie de liaison. Le reste de la partie de liaison peut ou non être réalisé dans le même matériau que les jambes extérieures.The connecting part can comprise at least a portion made of the same material or materials as said portion of the inner leg. This portion of the connecting part may or may not be adjacent to the junction between the inner leg and the connecting part. The rest of the connecting part may or may not be made of the same material as the outer legs.

En variante, la totalité d'une partie de liaison est réalisée dans le ou les mêmes matériaux que ceux utilisés pour réaliser les jambes extérieures, de sorte que la zone du circuit magnétique dont la perméabilité magnétique relative est réduite est exclusivement localisée dans la jambe intérieure.As a variant, all of a connecting part is made of the same material or materials as those used to make the outer legs, so that the area of the magnetic circuit including the relative magnetic permeability is reduced is exclusively localized in the inner leg.

Chacune de la jambe intérieure et des jambes extérieures peut s'étendre parallèlement à un même axe longitudinal entre une première et une deuxième extrémité et la partie de liaison peut comprendre une première partie reliant les premières extrémités entre elles et une deuxième partie reliant les deuxièmes extrémités entre elles. Cet axe longitudinal constitue alors l'axe longitudinal du circuit magnétique.Each of the inner leg and of the outer legs can extend parallel to the same longitudinal axis between a first and a second end and the connecting part can comprise a first part connecting the first ends to each other and a second part connecting the second ends. between them. This longitudinal axis then constitutes the longitudinal axis of the magnetic circuit.

Dans ce qui suit, une section transversale est une section perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal.In what follows, a cross section is a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Lorsque la jambe intérieure a une forme de barre rectiligne, le rapport entre la longueur de ladite jambe et la longueur de ladite portion peut être compris entre 0,1 et 1, étant par exemple égal à 1.When the inner leg has the shape of a straight bar, the ratio between the length of said leg and the length of said portion can be between 0.1 and 1, being for example equal to 1.

Dans un exemple particulier, chaque extrémité de la jambe intérieure peut présenter une section transversale variant le long de l'axe longitudinal. La section transversale des extrémités peut ainsi décroître au fur et à mesure que l'on se rapproche de la partie de liaison correspondante. Chaque extrémité de la jambe intérieure peut comprendre plusieurs sections transversales successives étant des images homothétiques avec un rapport inférieur à un d'une section à l'autre, lorsque l'on se rapproche de la partie de liaison correspondante. En variante, l'une au moins des sections transversales de la première ou de la deuxième extrémité de la jambe intérieure peut avoir une forme différente de la forme des autres sections transversales de ladite extrémité.In a particular example, each end of the inner leg may have a cross section varying along the longitudinal axis. The cross section of the ends can thus decrease as one approaches the corresponding connecting part. Each end of the inner leg may include several successive cross sections being homothetic images with a ratio less than one from one section to the other, when one approaches the corresponding connecting part. Alternatively, at least one of the cross sections of the first or second end of the inner leg may have a shape different from the shape of the other cross sections of said end.

Selon un exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, chaque jambe extérieure peut être formée à l'aide d'un ruban magnétique enroulé autour d'un axe. Selon cet exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, ledit axe d'enroulement peut être perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du circuit magnétique et ne pas couper simultanément la jambe intérieure et l'une ou l'autre des jambes extérieures. Selon un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, chaque jambe extérieure peut être formée par un empilage de tôles magnétiques. Selon cet autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, lesdites tôles peuvent être empilées selon un axe d'empilement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal et ne coupant pas simultanément la jambe intérieure et l'une ou l'autre des jambes extérieures.According to an exemplary implementation of the invention, each outer leg can be formed using a magnetic tape wound around an axis. According to this exemplary implementation of the invention, said winding axis may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the magnetic circuit and not cut the inner leg and one or the other of the outer legs simultaneously. According to another example of implementation of the invention, each outer leg can be formed by a stack of magnetic sheets. According to this other example of implementation of the invention, said sheets can be stacked along a stacking axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and not simultaneously cutting the inner leg and one or the other of the outer legs.

Selon cet autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, le circuit magnétique peut avoir une forme très proche de celle d'un parallélépipède, voire avoir exactement une forme parallélépipédique. Ainsi, lorsque pour une application donnée une association de circuits magnétiques portant chacun une ou plusieurs bobines est requise, cette association pourra être agencée sous la forme d'un bloc compact d'une ou plusieurs rangées de circuits magnétiques, la forme parallépipédique de ces derniers permettant de réduire le volume « non-utile » correspondant aux interstices entre circuits magnétiques, notamment jusqu'au « strict minimum » imposé par les contraintes d'isolation électrique et de dissipation thermique.According to this other example of implementation of the invention, the magnetic circuit can have a shape very close to that of a parallelepiped, or even have exactly a parallelepiped shape. Thus, when for a given application an association of magnetic circuits each carrying one or more coils is required, this association may be arranged in the form of a compact block of one or more rows of magnetic circuits, the parallelepiped shape of the latter. to reduce the volume "not useful" corresponding to the interstices between magnetic circuits, in particular up to the “bare minimum” imposed by the constraints of electrical insulation and heat dissipation.

Une telle association de circuits magnétiques parallélépipédiques peut également se révéler avantageuse dans le cas où un boîtier métallique est requis, pour les raisons par exemple mentionnées précédemment, ie de refroidissement et de protection. Un unique boîtier métallique pourra être utilisé dont les parties entourant les circuits magnétiques pourront occuper les interstices mentionnés ci-dessus conjointement avec la résine isolante électriquement.Such a combination of parallelepipedic magnetic circuits can also prove to be advantageous in the case where a metal case is required, for the reasons for example mentioned previously, ie cooling and protection. A single metal case can be used, the parts surrounding the magnetic circuits can occupy the gaps mentioned above together with the electrically insulating resin.

Selon cet autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, chaque jambe extérieure peut être formée par une pièce spécifique, tout comme la première et la deuxième partie de liaison.According to this other example of implementation of the invention, each outer leg can be formed by a specific part, just like the first and the second connecting part.

En variante, la partie de liaison peut être formée par trois pièces distinctes, une première pièce étant au contact d'une extrémité de la jambe intérieure et étant disposée entre une deuxième pièce et une troisième pièce. La deuxième pièce et la troisième pièce peuvent présenter une partie allongée et deux retours séparés par la partie allongée, et notamment perpendiculaires à cette partie allongée. La partie allongée peut définir la totalité d'une jambe extérieure, un retour peut définir la fraction de la première partie de liaison adjacente à ladite jambe extérieure, et l'autre retour peut définir la fraction de la deuxième partie de liaison adjacente à ladite jambe extérieure.Alternatively, the connecting part can be formed by three separate parts, a first part being in contact with one end of the inner leg and being arranged between a second part and a third part. The second part and the third part may have an elongated part and two returns separated by the elongated part, and in particular perpendicular to this elongated part. The elongated part can define the whole of an outer leg, a return can define the fraction of the first connecting part adjacent to said outer leg, and the other return can define the fraction of the second connecting part adjacent to said leg outside.

Le circuit magnétique peut former une coque (« shell » en anglais).The magnetic circuit can form a shell.

L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un ensemble tel que défini dans la revendication 11, comprenant:

  • un circuit magnétique tel que défini ci-dessus, et
  • au moins une bobine électriquement conductrice portée par le circuit magnétique.
Another subject of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, an assembly as defined in claim 11, comprising:
  • a magnetic circuit as defined above, and
  • at least one electrically conductive coil carried by the magnetic circuit.

L'ensemble peut former une ou plusieurs inductances, comme expliqué ci-après.The assembly can form one or more inductors, as explained below.

La bobine peut être formée par l'enroulement d'un fil électriquement conducteur.The coil can be formed by winding an electrically conductive wire.

En variante, la bobine peut être formée par un ruban métallique isolé électriquement sur l'une de ses deux faces (« foil » en anglais).As a variant, the coil can be formed by an electrically insulated metal strip on one of its two faces (“foil” in English).

La bobine peut être enroulée autour d'une zone de la jambe intérieure. Ladite zone peut coïncider ou non avec ladite portion de la jambe intérieure. La bobine est par exemple enroulée autour de moins de la longueur de la jambe intérieure.The coil can be wrapped around an area of the inner leg. Said area may or may not coincide with said portion of the inner leg. The coil is, for example, wrapped around less than the length of the inner leg.

La ou les bobines peuvent ne pas être encapsulées dans le circuit magnétique, c'est-à-dire qu'une ou plusieurs portions de la ou les bobines peuvent ne pas être recouvertes par le circuit magnétique, celui-ci ne faisant alors pas écran entre lesdites portions de la ou les bobines et l'extérieur de l'ensemble.The coil (s) may not be encapsulated in the magnetic circuit, that is to say that one or more portions of the coil (s) may not be covered by the magnetic circuit, the latter then not forming a screen between said portions of the coil (s) and the outside of the assembly.

La bobine peut être unique, auquel cas une seule inductance est formée par l'ensemble.The coil can be unique, in which case a single inductance is formed by the assembly.

En variante, le circuit magnétique peut porter plusieurs bobines, auquel cas l'ensemble peut former plusieurs inductances. Ces dernières peuvent alors être couplées.As a variant, the magnetic circuit can carry several coils, in which case the assembly can form several inductances. These can then be coupled.

Lorsque le circuit magnétique porte plusieurs bobines, ces dernières peuvent être enroulées autour d'une des zones suivantes du circuit magnétique: une zone d'une des jambes extérieures ou une zone d'une partie de liaison.When the magnetic circuit carries several coils, the latter can be wound around one of the following zones of the magnetic circuit: a zone of one of the outer legs or a zone of a connecting part.

L'ensemble comprend par exemple quatre bobines et chacune d'entre elles peut être enroulée autour d'une zone de la partie de liaison. Une des bobines est par exemple enroulée autour d'une zone de la première partie de liaison entre la première extrémité de la jambe intérieure et la première jambe extérieure, une autre bobine est par exemple enroulée autour d'une zone de la première partie de liaison entre la première extrémité de la jambe intérieure et la deuxième jambe extérieure, une autre bobine est par exemple enroulée autour d'une zone de la deuxième partie de liaison entre la deuxième extrémité de la jambe intérieure et la première jambe extérieure et la dernière bobine est par exemple enroulée autour d'une zone de la deuxième partie de liaison entre la deuxième extrémité de la jambe intérieure et la deuxième jambe extérieure.The assembly comprises for example four coils and each of them can be wound around an area of the connecting part. One of the coils is for example wound around an area of the first connecting part between the first end of the inner leg and the first outer leg, another coil is for example wrapped around an area of the first connecting part between the first end of the inner leg and the second outer leg, another coil is for example wound around an area of the second connecting part between the second end of the inner leg and the first outer leg and the last coil is for example wrapped around an area of the second connecting part between the second end of the inner leg and the second outer leg.

Lorsque quatre bobines sont portées par le circuit magnétique, deux de ces bobines peuvent être électriquement connectées entre elles. Dans l'exemple à quatre bobines ci-dessus, les bobines disposées à proximité d'une même jambe extérieure peut être électriquement connectées entre elles, de manière à ce que l'ensemble forme deux inductances couplées.When four coils are carried by the magnetic circuit, two of these coils can be electrically connected to each other. In the example with four coils above, the coils arranged near the same outer leg can be electrically connected to each other, so that the assembly forms two coupled inductances.

Dans une variante selon laquelle le circuit magnétique comprend deux jambes intérieures, six bobines peuvent être portées par le circuit magnétique et une première inductance est formée par trois bobines électriquement connectées en série et une deuxième inductance est formée par les trois autres bobines électriquement connectées en série.In a variant according to which the magnetic circuit comprises two inner legs, six coils can be carried by the magnetic circuit and a first inductance is formed by three coils electrically connected in series and a second inductance is formed by the other three coils electrically connected in series .

Dans une autre variante selon laquelle le circuit magnétique comprend deux jambes intérieures, six bobines peuvent être portées par le circuit magnétique et trois inductances peuvent être formées en connectant électriquement en série les bobines deux par deux.In another variant according to which the magnetic circuit comprises two inner legs, six coils can be carried by the magnetic circuit and three inductors can be formed by electrically connecting the coils in pairs.

L'inductance d'une bobine peut être comprise entre 100 et 500 µF, étant par exemple de l'ordre de 450 µF.The inductance of a coil can be between 100 and 500 µF, being for example of the order of 450 µF.

L'invention a encore pour objet, selon un autre de ses aspects, un convertisseur statique d'énergie électrique, comprenant au moins un ensemble tel que défini ci-dessus.Another subject of the invention, according to another of its aspects, is a static converter of electrical energy, comprising at least one assembly as defined above.

Le convertisseur peut être un convertisseur de tension. Il s'agit par exemple d'un convertisseur de tension continu/continu, permettant par exemple l'élévation d'une tension de 300 V à une valeur de 800 V. La fréquence de découpage de ce convertisseur peut être supérieure à 1 kHz, étant par exemple comprise entre 1 et 100 kHz, étant notamment de l'ordre de 20 kHz.The converter can be a voltage converter. It is for example a DC / DC voltage converter, allowing for example the rise of a voltage of 300 V to a value of 800 V. The switching frequency of this converter can be greater than 1 kHz, being for example between 1 and 100 kHz, being in particular of the order of 20 kHz.

Ce convertisseur de tension continu/continu fait par exemple partie d'un circuit électrique servant à l'échange d'énergie électrique entre une unité de stockage d'énergie électrique et un moteur électrique de véhicule hybride ou électrique, et embarqué sur le véhicule. En variante, ce convertisseur de tension continu/continu peut faire partie d'un circuit électrique servant à l'échange d'énergie électrique entre un réseau électrique externe au véhicule et une unité de stockage d'énergie électrique, et embarqué sur le véhicule.This DC / DC voltage converter is for example part of an electrical circuit used for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical energy storage unit and an electric motor of a hybrid or electric vehicle, and on board the vehicle. As a variant, this DC / DC voltage converter can be part of an electrical circuit used to the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical network external to the vehicle and an electrical energy storage unit, and on board the vehicle.

En variante encore, le convertisseur de tension continu/continu fait partie d'un circuit électrique embarqué sur un véhicule hybride ou électrique et servant à la fois à l'échange d'énergie électrique entre une unité de stockage d'énergie électrique et un moteur électrique et à l'échange d'énergie électrique entre un réseau électrique externe au véhicule et l'unité de stockage d'énergie électrique.In another variant, the DC / DC voltage converter is part of an electrical circuit on board a hybrid or electric vehicle and serving both for the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical energy storage unit and a motor. electricity and the exchange of electrical energy between an electrical network external to the vehicle and the electrical energy storage unit.

En variante encore, l'ensemble ci-dessus peut être associé à un onduleur.In another variant, the above assembly can be associated with an inverter.

L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un exemple non limitatif de mise en œuvre de celle-ci et à l'examen du dessin annexé sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 a déjà été décrite,
  • la figure 2 représente de façon schématique et sans respect des proportions un exemple d'ensemble selon l'invention selon une représentation similaire à celle de la figure 1,
  • les figures 3 à 7 représentent un ensemble selon un premier exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la figure 3 représentant l'ensemble de face, la figure 4 un détail de la bobine de l'ensemble de la figure 3, la figure 5 étant une vue de l'ensemble de la figure observé depuis V, la figure 6 étant une vue d'une partie de la jambe extérieure de l'ensemble de la figure 3, et la figure 7 est une vue en coupe selon A-A de l'ensemble de la figure 3,
  • les figures 8 à 12 représentent un ensemble selon un deuxième exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la figure 8 représentant l'ensemble de face, la figure 9 un détail de la bobine de l'ensemble de la figure 8, la figure 10 étant une vue de l'ensemble de la figure 8 observé depuis X, la figure 11 étant une vue d'une partie de la jambe extérieure de l'ensemble de la figure 8, et la figure 12 est une vue en coupe selon A-A de l'ensemble de la figure 8,
  • les figures 13 à 17 représentent des variantes de l'ensemble représenté sur la figure 8, et
  • les figures 18 à 20 représentent un ensemble selon un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of a nonlimiting example of implementation thereof and on examining the appended drawing in which:
  • the figure 1 has already been described,
  • the figure 2 shows schematically and without respect for proportions an overall example according to the invention according to a representation similar to that of figure 1 ,
  • the figures 3 to 7 represent a set according to a first example of implementation of the invention, the figure 3 representing the whole face, the figure 4 a detail of the coil of the entire figure 3 , the figure 5 being a view of the whole of the figure observed from V, the figure 6 being a view of a part of the outer leg of the whole of the figure 3 , and the figure 7 is a sectional view along AA of the entire figure 3 ,
  • the Figures 8 to 12 represent an assembly according to a second example of implementation of the invention, the figure 8 representing the whole face, the figure 9 a detail of the coil of the entire figure 8 , the figure 10 being a view of the whole of the figure 8 observed since X, the figure 11 being a view of a part of the outer leg of the whole of the figure 8 , and the figure 12 is a sectional view along AA of the entire figure 8 ,
  • the figures 13 to 17 represent variants of the set represented on the figure 8 , and
  • the figures 18 to 20 represent an assembly according to another example of implementation of the invention.

On a représenté sur la figure 2 de façon très schématique et sans respect de l'échelle un exemple d'ensemble 1 selon l'invention, à des fins de comparaison avec celui représenté sur la figure 1.We have represented on the figure 2 very schematically and without respecting the scale an example of assembly 1 according to the invention, for purposes of comparison with that represented on the figure 1 .

L'ensemble 1 comprend un circuit magnétique 2 et une seule bobine 3 dans l'exemple décrit. Comme on peut le voir, le circuit magnétique 2 comprend deux jambes extérieures 4 et une jambe intérieure 6 disposée entre les deux jambes extérieures 4. Une partie de liaison 7 guide le flux magnétique de la jambe intérieure 6 vers chaque jambe extérieure 4. Comme représenté sur cette figure 2, chaque jambe extérieure 4 est ici réalisée d'un seul tenant, étant dépourvue d'entrefer.The assembly 1 comprises a magnetic circuit 2 and a single coil 3 in the example described. As can be seen, the magnetic circuit 2 comprises two outer legs 4 and an inner leg 6 disposed between the two outer legs 4. A connecting portion 7 guides the magnetic flux from the inner leg 6 to each outer leg 4. As shown on this figure 2 , each outer leg 4 is here made in one piece, being devoid of air gap.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, chaque jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6 peuvent s'étendre parallèlement à un même axe longitudinal rectiligne X, entre deux extrémités 10 et 11 pour les jambes extérieures 4, et 12 et 13 pour la jambe intérieure 6.As we can see on the figure 2 , each outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6 can extend parallel to the same rectilinear longitudinal axis X, between two ends 10 and 11 for the outer legs 4, and 12 and 13 for the inner leg 6.

La partie de liaison 7 peut alors comprendre une première partie de liaison 14 reliant entre elles les premières extrémités 10 et 12 et une deuxième partie de liaison 15 reliant entre elles les deuxièmes extrémités 11 et 13. Dans l'exemple considéré, les première 14 et deuxième 15 parties de liaison s'étendent transversalement par rapport à l'axe X, notamment perpendiculairement à cet axe X.The connecting part 7 can then comprise a first connecting part 14 connecting the first ends 10 and 12 to each other and a second connecting part 15 connecting the second ends 11 and 13 to each other. In the example considered, the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts extend transversely with respect to the X axis, in particular perpendicular to this X axis.

La jambe intérieure 6 comprend une portion 16 réalisée dans un matériau différent de celui utilisé pour réaliser le reste du circuit magnétique 2 représentée sur la figure 2.The inner leg 6 comprises a portion 16 made of a material different from that used to make the rest of the magnetic circuit 2 shown in the figure 2 .

La portion 16 est par exemple réalisée dans une poudre magnétique. La poudre peut avoir été préalablement moulée puis compactée pour réaliser cette portion 16. On utilise par exemple comme poudre celle commercialisée par la société Magnetics® sous la référence « XFlux 60µ ». La poudre magnétique peut avoir une perméabilité magnétique relative comprise entre quelques unités et quelques centaines, par exemple entre 6 et 100. Le reste du circuit magnétique 2 est réalisé en tôle magnétique, par exemple commercialisée par la société JFE® sous la référence « 10JNHF600 ». Un rapport compris entre 0,1 et 0,01existe par exemple entre la perméabilité magnétique relative de la portion 16 et celle du matériau utilisé pour réaliser les jambes extérieures 4 et la partie de liaison 7 du circuit magnétique 2 de la figure 2.The portion 16 is for example produced in a magnetic powder. The powder may have been previously molded and then compacted to make this portion 16. For example, the powder sold by the company Magnetics® under the reference “XFlux 60µ” is used. The magnetic powder may have a relative magnetic permeability of between a few units and a few hundred, for example between 6 and 100. The rest of the magnetic circuit 2 is made of magnetic sheet, for example sold by the company JFE® under the reference "10JNHF600" . A ratio between 0.1 and 0.01 exists for example between the relative magnetic permeability of the portion 16 and that of the material used to make the outer legs 4 and the connecting part 7 of the magnetic circuit 2 of the figure 2 .

La bobine 3 est unique dans l'exemple de la figure 2 et elle est enroulée autour de la jambe intérieure 6. La bobine 3 est dans cet exemple de type « foil », c'est-à-dire qu'elle est formée par un ruban 18 dont l'une des faces est revêtue par une couche isolante 19. Le ruban 18 est par exemple en cuivre ou en aluminium.The coil 3 is unique in the example of the figure 2 and it is wound around the inner leg 6. The coil 3 is in this example of the “foil” type, that is to say that it is formed by a tape 18, one of the faces of which is coated with a insulating layer 19. The tape 18 is for example made of copper or aluminum.

L'ensemble 1 est disposé dans un boîtier non représenté, servant à la fois à refroidir l'ensemble 1 et à protéger ce dernier vis-à-vis des agressions de l'environnement extérieur.The assembly 1 is arranged in a housing (not shown), serving both to cool the assembly 1 and to protect the latter from attack from the external environment.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2 de façon très schématique, du fait de l'absence d'entrefer dans les jambes extérieures 4 et de la présence de la portion 16 dans la jambe intérieure 6, le flux magnétique reste bien confiné dans les jambes extérieures 4, l'élargissement de flux magnétique en dehors de ces dernières étant réduit de façon importante.As we can see on the figure 2 very schematically, due to the absence of an air gap in the outer legs 4 and the presence of the portion 16 in the inner leg 6, the magnetic flux remains well confined in the outer legs 4, the widening of flux magnetic apart from the latter being significantly reduced.

On va maintenant décrire en référence aux figures 3 à 7 un ensemble 1 selon un premier exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention.We will now describe with reference to figures 3 to 7 a set 1 according to a first example of implementation of the invention.

Cet ensemble 1, vu de face sur la figure 3, comprend une unique bobine 3 enroulée autour de la jambe intérieure 6. Dans cet exemple, la bobine 3 est formée par un ruban électriquement conducteur 20 revêtu d'un isolant électrique 22, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 4 qui représente en détail une partie de la bobine 3 de l'ensemble de la figure 3. Comme représenté sur la figure 3, la bobine 3 n'est dans cet exemple pas encapsulée dans le circuit magnétique 2.This set 1, seen from the front on the figure 3 , comprises a single coil 3 wound around the inner leg 6. In this example, the coil 3 is formed by an electrically conductive tape 20 coated with an electrical insulator 22, as can be seen in the figure 4 who represents in detail a part of the reel 3 of the whole of the figure 3 . As shown in the figure 3 , the coil 3 is in this example not encapsulated in the magnetic circuit 2.

Toujours dans l'exemple de la figure 3, la portion 16 définit la totalité de la jambe intérieure 6, c'est-à-dire que la jambe intérieure 6 est intégralement formée par la portion 16.Still in the example of the figure 3 , the portion 16 defines the entire inner leg 6, that is to say that the inner leg 6 is integrally formed by the portion 16.

On constate également sur la figure 3 que les extrémités 12 et 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 sont libres, n'étant pas recouvertes par la bobine 3.We also see on the figure 3 that the ends 12 and 13 of the inner leg 6 are free, not being covered by the coil 3.

Selon ce premier exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, le reste du circuit magnétique 2 est obtenu à l'aide de deux rubans magnétiques doux 22. Une fois mis en forme, ces deux rubans ont une forme en C, l'un des rubans formant une jambe extérieure 4 et présentant :

  • un retour s'étendant transversalement à ladite jambe extérieure pour former la fraction de la première partie de liaison 14 disposée entre ladite jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6, et
  • un retour s'étendant transversalement à ladite jambe extérieure 4 pour former la fraction de la deuxième partie de liaison 15 disposée entre ladite jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6.
According to this first example of implementation of the invention, the remainder of the magnetic circuit 2 is obtained using two soft magnetic tapes 22. Once formed, these two tapes have a C shape, one ribbons forming an outer leg 4 and having:
  • a return extending transversely to said outer leg to form the fraction of the first connecting part 14 disposed between said outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6, and
  • a return extending transversely to said outer leg 4 to form the fraction of the second connecting part 15 disposed between said outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6.

L'autre ruban forme l'autre jambe extérieure 4 et présente également :

  • un retour s'étendant transversalement à ladite jambe extérieure 4 pour former la fraction de la première partie de liaison 14 disposée entre ladite autre jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6, et
  • un retour s'étendant transversalement à ladite jambe extérieure 4 pour former la fraction de la deuxième partie de liaison 15 disposée entre ladite autre jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6
The other ribbon forms the other outer leg 4 and also has:
  • a return extending transversely to said outer leg 4 to form the fraction of the first connecting part 14 disposed between said other outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6, and
  • a return extending transversely to said outer leg 4 to form the fraction of the second connecting part 15 disposed between said other outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6

Chaque jambe extérieure 4 ainsi que la fraction de la première partie de liaison 14 et la fraction de la deuxième partie de liaison 15 disposée entre ladite jambe extérieure 4 et la jambe intérieure 6 est obtenue par enroulement d'un ruban magnétique doux 22 autour d'un axe Z situé dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal X et ne coupant pas à la fois la jambe intérieure 6 et l'une ou l'autre des jambes extérieures 4.Each outer leg 4 as well as the fraction of the first connecting part 14 and the fraction of the second connecting part 15 disposed between said outer leg 4 and the inner leg 6 is obtained by winding a soft magnetic tape 22 around an axis Z located in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X and not intersecting both the inner leg 6 and one or the other of the outer legs 4.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5, qui est une vue de côté selon V de l'ensemble 1 de la figure 3, chaque jambe extérieure 4 s'étend au-delà de la bobine 3 par ses première 10 et deuxième 11 extrémités. En revanche, la bobine 3 peut s'étendre au-delà des jambes extérieures 4 de chaque côté de celles-ci de part et d'autre de l'axe longitudinal X, comme représenté sur la figure 5.As we can see on the figure 5 , which is a side view along V of set 1 of the figure 3 , each outer leg 4 extends beyond the coil 3 by its first 10 and second 11 ends. However, the coil 3 can extend beyond the outer legs 4 on each side thereof on either side of the longitudinal axis X, as shown in the figure 5 .

La figure 6 représente un détail de la figure 3 montrant la constitution des jambes extérieures 4 et des parties de liaison 14 et 15 selon ce premier exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, ces dernières étant constituées par des couches de matériau magnétique 23 alternant avec des couches amagnétiques 24.The figure 6 represents a detail of the figure 3 showing the constitution of the outer legs 4 and the connecting parts 14 and 15 according to this first example of implementation of the invention, these the latter being constituted by layers of magnetic material 23 alternating with non-magnetic layers 24.

On va maintenant décrire en référence aux figures 8 à 12 un ensemble 1 selon un deuxième exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention.We will now describe with reference to Figures 8 to 12 a set 1 according to a second example of implementation of the invention.

Ce deuxième exemple de mise en œuvre diffère de celui qui vient d'être décrit en référence aux figures 3 à 7 par la configuration des jambes extérieures 4 et des parties de liaison 14 et 15.This second example of implementation differs from that which has just been described with reference to figures 3 to 7 by the configuration of the outer legs 4 and the connecting parts 14 and 15.

Les jambes extérieures 4 et les première 14 et deuxième 15 parties de liaison sont ici obtenues en empilant des tôles magnétiques, selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe X et ne coupant pas à la fois la jambe intérieure 6 et l'une ou l'autre des jambes extérieures 4, cette direction étant l'axe Z sur la figure 8.The outer legs 4 and the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are here obtained by stacking magnetic sheets, in a direction perpendicular to the axis X and not cutting both the inner leg 6 and one or the other of the outer legs 4, this direction being the axis Z on the figure 8 .

Les jambes extérieures 4 et les première 14 et deuxième 15 parties de liaison sont alors formées par des couches de matériau magnétique 23 alternant avec des couches d'isolant magnétique 24.The outer legs 4 and the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are then formed by layers of magnetic material 23 alternating with layers of magnetic insulator 24.

L'ensemble 1 a selon ce deuxième exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention, une forme globalement parallépipédique.The assembly 1 has, according to this second example of implementation of the invention, a generally parallelepiped shape.

On va maintenant décrire, en référence aux figures 13 à 17, différentes variantes selon le deuxième exemple de mise en œuvre de l'invention.We will now describe, with reference to figures 13 to 17 , different variants according to the second example of implementation of the invention.

Sur les figures 13 et 14, chaque extrémité 12 et 13 de lajambe intérieure 6 comporte des sections transversales successives décroissantes lorsque l'on se rapproche de la partie de liaison 14 ou 15 correspondante.On the Figures 13 and 14 , each end 12 and 13 of the inner leg 6 has successive decreasing cross sections when one approaches the connecting part 14 or 15 corresponding.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 13, la première partie de liaison 14 comprend trois tronçons :

  • un premier tronçon 30 en regard de la première extrémité 12 de la jambe intérieure 6,
  • un deuxième tronçon 31 formant une extrémité de la première partie de liaison 14 et appartenant à une pièce formant également une jambe extérieure 4 et une extrémité de la deuxième partie de liaison 15, et
  • un troisième tronçon 32 formant l'autre extrémité de la première partie de liaison 14 et appartenant à une pièce formant également l'autre jambe extérieure 4 et l'autre extrémité de la deuxième partie de liaison 15,
le premier tronçon 30 étant disposé entre les tronçons 31 et 32.In the example of the figure 13 , the first connecting part 14 comprises three sections:
  • a first section 30 facing the first end 12 of the inner leg 6,
  • a second section 31 forming one end of the first connecting part 14 and belonging to a part also forming an outer leg 4 and one end of the second connecting part 15, and
  • a third section 32 forming the other end of the first connecting part 14 and belonging to a part also forming the other outer leg 4 and the other end of the second connecting part 15,
the first section 30 being disposed between the sections 31 and 32.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 14, la première partie de liaison 14 comprend également trois tronçons 30 à 32 mais ces derniers sont droits, ayant des formes de barres dépourvues de retour.In the example of the figure 14 , the first connecting part 14 also comprises three sections 30 to 32 but the latter are straight, having the form of bars without return.

Comme représenté sur les figures 15 à 17, les première 14 et deuxième 15 parties de liaison peuvent présenter des portions 40 en regard des extrémités 12 et 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 réalisées en un matériau différent de celui utilisé pour former le reste desdites parties 14 ou 15. Lorsque de la poudre magnétique est utilisée pour former la jambe intérieure 6, ces portions 40 peuvent être réalisées en poudre également, notamment avec la même poudre. Une continuité peut ainsi exister entre la portion 16 de la jambe intérieure 6 et les portions 40 des parties de liaison 14 et 15.As shown on figures 15 to 17 , the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts may have portions 40 facing the ends 12 and 13 of the inner leg 6 made of a material different from that used to form the rest of said parts 14 or 15. When magnetic powder is used to form the inner leg 6, these portions 40 can also be produced in powder form, in particular with the same powder. Continuity can thus exist between the portion 16 of the inner leg 6 and the portions 40 of the connecting parts 14 and 15.

Les portions 40 peuvent s'étendre le long de l'axe X, d'un bord à l'autre ou non de chaque partie de liaison 14 ou 15.The portions 40 may extend along the axis X, from one edge to the other or not of each connecting part 14 or 15.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 15, chaque extrémité 12 ou 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 présente une section transversale variant au fur et à mesure que l'on se rapproche de la partie de liaison 14 ou 15 adjacente. La section transversale peut varier par palier décroissants lorsque l'on se rapproche de la partie de liaison correspondante, formant une marche d'escalier visible sur la figure 15. La portion 40 de chaque partie de liaison 14 ou 15 a dans cet exemple une section transversale constante, cette dernière étant égale à la section transversale finale de l'extrémité 12 ou 13 de la jambe intérieure 6.In the example of the figure 15 , each end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 has a cross section varying as one approaches the connecting portion 14 or 15 adjacent. The cross section can vary in decreasing steps when one approaches the corresponding connecting part, forming a visible staircase on the figure 15 . The portion 40 of each connecting part 14 or 15 in this example has a constant cross section, the latter being equal to the final cross section of the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 16, contrairement à celui de la figure 15, la portion 40 a une section transversale qui décroît continûment jusqu'à s'annuler, ayant une forme pyramidale lorsqu'elle est vue perpendiculairement à l'axe X.In the example of the figure 16 , unlike that of the figure 15 , the portion 40 has a cross section which decreases continuously until it cancels out, having a pyramidal shape when viewed perpendicular to the axis X.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 17, la portion 40 comprend successivement, lorsque l'on s'éloigne de la jambe intérieure 6, un premier tronçon 41 dont la section transversale est la même que celle de l'extrémité 12 ou 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 et un deuxième tronçon 42 dont la section transversale est une image homothétique avec un rapport inférieur à un de celle du tronçon 41.In the example of the figure 17 , the portion 40 successively comprises, when moving away from the inner leg 6, a first section 41 whose cross section is the same as that of the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 and a second section 42 whose cross section is a homothetic image with a ratio less than one of that of the section 41.

Dans d'autres variantes non représentés, les première 14 et deuxième 15 parties de liaison sont dépourvues de portion 40 et l'extrémité 12 ou 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 est réalisée dans le même matériau que les jambes extérieures 4 et que les parties de liaison 14 et 15.In other variants not shown, the first 14 and second 15 connecting parts are devoid of portion 40 and the end 12 or 13 of the inner leg 6 is made of the same material as the outer legs 4 and that the parts of link 14 and 15.

Dans les exemples qui viennent d'être décrits, une seule bobine 3 est portée par le circuit magnétique 2 et cette bobine est enroulée autour de tout ou partie de la longueur de la jambe intérieure 6.In the examples which have just been described, a single coil 3 is carried by the magnetic circuit 2 and this coil is wound around all or part of the length of the inner leg 6.

L'invention n'est cependant pas limitée à ces exemples, comme on va le voir à présent.The invention is not however limited to these examples, as will now be seen.

Les figures 18 et 19 illustrent un autre exemple d'ensemble 1. Sur ces figures, quatre bobines 3 sont portées par le circuit magnétique 2. Aucune de ces bobines 3 n'est enroulée autour de la jambe intérieure 6.The Figures 18 and 19 illustrate another overall example 1. In these figures, four coils 3 are carried by the magnetic circuit 2. None of these coils 3 is wound around the inner leg 6.

Sur la figure 18, une des bobines 31 est enroulée autour d'une zone 50 de la première partie de liaison 14 entre la première extrémité 12 de la jambe intérieure 6 et une des jambes extérieures 4, une autre bobine 32 est enroulée autour d'une zone 51 de la première partie de liaison 7 entre la première extrémité 12 de la jambe intérieure 6 et l'autre jambe extérieure 4, une autre bobine 33 est enroulée autour d'une zone 53 de la deuxième partie de liaison 15 entre la deuxième extrémité 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 et la jambe extérieure 4 adjacente à la bobine 31 et la dernière bobine 34 est enroulée autour d'une zone 53 de la deuxième partie de liaison 15 entre la deuxième extrémité 13 de la jambe intérieure 6 et ladite autre jambe extérieure 4.On the figure 18 , one of the coils 3 1 is wound around a zone 50 of the first connecting part 14 between the first end 12 of the inner leg 6 and one of the outer legs 4, another coil 3 2 is wound around a zone 51 of the first connecting part 7 between the first end 12 of the inner leg 6 and the other outer leg 4, another coil 3 3 is wound around an area 53 of the second connecting part 15 between the second end 13 of the inner leg 6 and the outer leg 4 adjacent to the coil 3 1 and the last coil 3 4 is wound around a zone 53 of the second connecting part 15 between the second end 13 of the inner leg 6 and said other outer leg 4.

Comme représenté sur la figure 19, les bobines 31 et 33 sont électriquement connectées entre elles, de manière à ne former qu'une seule inductance et les bobines 32 et 34 sont également électriquement connectées entre elles.As shown in the figure 19 , the coils 3 1 and 3 3 are electrically connected to each other, so as to form a single inductance and the coils 3 2 and 3 4 are also electrically connected to each other.

L'ensemble 1 selon les figures 18 et 19 forme alors deux inductances. L'ensemble 1 peut être tel que décrit en référence aux figures 14 à 16 de la demande déposée au nom de la Demanderesse auprès de l'Office européen des brevets sous le numéro EP 11 188922.6 . Le contenu de cette demande est incorporé à la présente demande par référence, au moins en ce qui concerne les figures 14 à 16 de cette demande.Set 1 according to Figures 18 and 19 then forms two inductors. The assembly 1 can be as described with reference to figures 14 to 16 of the application filed in the name of the Applicant with the European Patent Office under the number EP 11 188922.6 . The content of this request is incorporated into the present request by reference, at least as regards the figures 14 to 16 of this request.

Dans une autre variante représentée sur la figure 20, six bobines 31 à 36 peuvent être portées par le circuit magnétique 2 qui comprend alors deux jambes intérieures 6. Parmi ces six bobines, trois sont électriquement connectées en série de manière à former une inductance, tout comme les trois bobines restantes qui forment une autre inductance. Trois bobines 31 à 33 sont par exemple portées par la première partie de liaison 14 et électriquement connectées en série tandis que les trois autres bobines 34 à 36 sont portées par la deuxième partie de liaison 15 et électriquement connectées en série.In another variant shown in the figure 20 , six coils 3 1 to 3 6 can be carried by the magnetic circuit 2 which then comprises two inner legs 6. Among these six coils, three are electrically connected in series so as to form an inductance, just like the three remaining coils which form another inductance. Three coils 3 1 to 3 3 are for example carried by the first connecting part 14 and electrically connected in series while the other three coils 3 4 to 3 6 are carried by the second connecting part 15 and electrically connected in series.

Dans encore une autre variante similaire à celle représentée sur la figure 20, trois inductances sont formées en connectant en série les bobines 31 à 36 deux par deux.In yet another variant similar to that shown in the figure 20 , three inductors are formed by connecting the coils 3 1 to 3 6 in series two by two.

L'ensemble 1 qui vient d'être décrit peut présenter, lorsque le circuit magnétique 2 ne porte qu'une seule bobine, une inductance d'environ 450 µH. Cette inductance peut être intégrée à un convertisseur de tension continu/continu travaillant à une fréquence de découpage de 20 kHz et avec un rapport cyclique de 0,66 pour convertir une tension de 300 V en une tension de 800 V, par exemple. Le convertisseur de tension fait par exemple partie d'un circuit onduleur/chargeur d'un véhicule électrique, par exemple tel que divulgué dans la demande WO 2010/057893 .The assembly 1 which has just been described may have, when the magnetic circuit 2 carries only one coil, an inductance of approximately 450 μH. This inductance can be integrated into a DC / DC voltage converter working at a switching frequency of 20 kHz and with a duty cycle of 0.66 to convert a voltage of 300 V into a voltage of 800 V, for example. The voltage converter is for example part of an inverter / charger circuit of an electric vehicle, for example as disclosed in the application WO 2010/057893 .

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrits.The invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described.

L'expression « comprenant un » doit être comprise comme synonyme de l'expression « comprenant au moins un », sauf lorsque le contraire est spécifié.The expression "comprising a" should be understood as synonymous with the expression "comprising at least one", except when the contrary is specified.

Claims (16)

  1. A magnetic circuit (2) comprising,
    - at least one inner leg (6) configured to carry at least one coil (3) and at least two outer legs (4), and
    - a connecting part (7) serving to guide the magnetic flux from the inner leg (6) to each outer leg (4),
    each outer leg (4) having no non-magnetic gap and the inner leg (6) being at least partially made from one or more materials that have a relative magnetic permeability that is lower than that of the material or materials of which the outer legs are formed.
  2. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 1, each outer leg (4) being made as a single piece in one and the same material from one outer leg (4) to the other and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of a portion (16) of the inner leg (6) being lower than the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the outer legs (4).
  3. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 2, the ratio between the relative magnetic permeability of the material of said portion (16) of the inner leg (6) and the relative magnetic permeability of the material of the outer legs (4) being comprised between 0.1 and 0.01.
  4. The magnetic circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, the material of said portion (16) of the inner leg (6) being a magnetic powder.
  5. The magnetic circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the connecting part (7) comprising at least one portion (40) made from the same material or materials as said portion (16) of the inner leg (6).
  6. The magnetic circuit as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, each one of the inner leg (6) and outer legs (4) extending parallel to one and the same longitudinal axis (X) between a first end (10, 12) and a second end (11, 13), and the connecting part (7) comprising a first part (14) connecting the first ends (10, 11) together and a second part (15) connecting the second ends (11, 13) together.
  7. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 6, each outer leg (4) being formed from a magnetic tape (22) wound about an axis (Z).
  8. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 7, said axis of winding (Z) being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X) and not simultaneously intersecting the inner leg (6) and either one of the outer legs (4).
  9. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 6, each outer leg (4) being formed of a stack of magnetic laminations.
  10. The magnetic circuit as claimed in claim 9, said laminations being stacked along an axis of stacking (Z) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (X) and not simultaneously intersecting the inner leg (6) and either one of the outer legs (4).
  11. An assembly (1) comprising:
    - a magnetic circuit (2) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, and
    - at least one electrically conducting coil (3) carried by said at least inner leg (6) of the magnetic circuit (2) .
  12. The assembly as claimed in claim 11, the coil (3) being formed by winding an electrically conducting wire or by a metal strip that is electrically insulated on one of its two faces.
  13. The assembly as claimed in claim 10 or 11, the coil (3) being wound around a zone of the inner leg (6) .
  14. The assembly as claimed in claim 10 or 11, comprising several distinct coils (31, 32, 33, 34) .
  15. The assembly as claimed in claim 14, the coils (31, 32, 33, 34) being wound around one of the following zones (50, 51, 52, 53) of the magnetic circuit (2): a zone of one of the outer legs (4) or a zone of the connecting part (7).
  16. A static electrical energy convertor comprising at least one assembly (1) as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 15.
EP13824614.5A 2012-12-21 2013-12-20 Magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil Active EP2936508B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1262532A FR3000282B1 (en) 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 MAGNETIC CIRCUIT FOR CARRYING AT LEAST ONE COIL
PCT/FR2013/053238 WO2014096743A1 (en) 2012-12-21 2013-12-20 Magnetic circuit for carrying at least one coil

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EP2936508A1 EP2936508A1 (en) 2015-10-28
EP2936508B1 true EP2936508B1 (en) 2020-07-01

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US (1) US10340071B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2936508B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104969309B (en)
FR (1) FR3000282B1 (en)
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US20150364240A1 (en) 2015-12-17
FR3000282A1 (en) 2014-06-27
WO2014096743A1 (en) 2014-06-26
US10340071B2 (en) 2019-07-02
FR3000282B1 (en) 2015-07-17
EP2936508A1 (en) 2015-10-28
CN104969309A (en) 2015-10-07
CN104969309B (en) 2018-12-25

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