EP2933427B1 - Vorrichtung zur Beschattung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Beschattung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2933427B1
EP2933427B1 EP14165178.6A EP14165178A EP2933427B1 EP 2933427 B1 EP2933427 B1 EP 2933427B1 EP 14165178 A EP14165178 A EP 14165178A EP 2933427 B1 EP2933427 B1 EP 2933427B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shading
vessel
cylinder barrel
building
active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14165178.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2933427A1 (de
Inventor
Nikola Znaor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZNAOR, NIKOLA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP14165178.6A priority Critical patent/EP2933427B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2015/058065 priority patent/WO2015158709A1/en
Publication of EP2933427A1 publication Critical patent/EP2933427A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2933427B1 publication Critical patent/EP2933427B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for providing shade. More in particular, the invention relates to a device which reacts to the amount of sun and controls the amount of shade it provides. Applicable on a broad variety of buildings, constructions, facades, roofs, windows as it can vary in scale, size, material and form.
  • Such a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from FR 2476200 A3 .
  • Building environmental systems are known, which control heating, cooling and ventilation within a building. Such systems rely on a large number of sensors to measure the conditions in a building and which they use to control a number of flaps, valves and the like to direct heat and/or cold to the desired portions of a building. Such known building environmental systems are costly to install and energy consuming.
  • shading means arranged on the outside of the building, to block heat from the sun when it is desired to cool the building
  • US 5608995 describes a shading device having a solar-actuated fluid window shutter for automatic regulation of illumination that responds to variations in external sunlight.
  • the device has a container exposed to solar radiation that causes a gas pressure change which causes fluid displacement between two transparent window panes.
  • a transparent fluid is displaced by another fluid, which blocks part of the sunlight falling on the panes.
  • the blocking fluid enters the space between the two transparent window panes from above, similar to the operation of blinds.
  • the actuator used in the device according to the invention is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder depending on whether the heat expandable medium is a fluid or a gas.
  • the medium When the vessel is heated by for example sun radiation, the medium will try to expand. Because the vessel is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber of the actuator, the pressure increase due to the heating of the medium will also have its effect within the pressure chamber. As the pressure chamber is defined by the closed end of the cylinder barrel and the movable piston, the pressure will try to move the movable piston. This movement of the movable piston it then transferred via the piston rod onto shading means, in order to move the shading means towards the active, shading position.
  • the heat expandable medium When the sun radiation is reduced, for example because of a cloudy sky, the heat expandable medium will cool off and the pressure in the medium will drop. Due to the pressure drop, the movable piston will be moved back causing the shading means to move towards the non-active, non-shading position. This movement could be assisted by spring means to overcome internal friction within the actuator.
  • Another way to reduce the friction would be to use a rolling diaphragm pneumatic cylinder.
  • the sealing between the movable piston and the cylinder barrel is by a flexible diaphragm. This reduces friction considerably, such that the force generated by the heat expandable medium can optimally be used for operating the shading means.
  • the heat expandable medium is preferably a gas, such as filtered air, but could also be a suitable fluid.
  • the device according to the invention thus provides a self-sustaining responsive shading, requiring no additional external energy or active control.
  • the device is based on a simple natural process of heat expansion of a medium, making it a fully passive system.
  • the vessel is arranged at the actuator adjacent the pressure chamber. This provides for a compact design, in which the actuator can be directed with the vessel towards the heat source, in particular the sun.
  • the shading means comprise at least one shading panel connected hingedly to the cylinder barrel by at least one hinge and wherein the piston rod is connected to the shading panel at a distance from the at least one hinge.
  • the shading panel could for example be an elongate panel, such as with horizontal blinds.
  • the movement of the piston rod could control a number of shading panels. So, if the sun would warm up the medium in the vessel, the elongated panels would move towards a closed position, in which the sun light is blocked from passing. If the device is mounted on the outside of a building, then the heat from the sun would be kept outside and the warming of the building by the sun would be effectively be prevented.
  • the device of the invention could for example also be used as a parasol, wherein the device will provide shade when sufficient sun radiation is available to heat the medium in the vessel.
  • the shading panel comprises at least two main rods each connected with one end to the at least one hinge, at least two control rods, hingedly arranged in a center zone each to a main rod and a shading cloth arranged to the at least two main rods.
  • the shading panel is umbrella like.
  • the vessel would be arranged typically at the top of the umbrella and be directed towards the sun.
  • the piston rod will cause the umbrella like shading means to unfold and provide shade.
  • Yet another embodiment of the device according to the invention further comprises a frame arranged to the cylinder barrel, wherein the frame has a base arranged at the distal end of the vessel.
  • the device according to the invention can easily be mounted to a surface, which needs to be provided with shade.
  • a surface which needs to be provided with shade.
  • the outer surface of the vessel is provided with a heat absorbing layer.
  • a heat absorbing layer By providing a heat absorbing layer, the incident sun light can be optimally converted into heat for the heat expandable medium.
  • the content of the vessel is at least 10 times larger than the content of the cylinder barrel.
  • the content of the vessel is at least 10 times larger, than the content of the cylinder barrel.
  • an expansion of the medium in the vessel will have an at least 10 times bigger effect on the stroke of the piston rod.
  • the pressure of the heat expandable medium at ambient temperature, in the non-active, non-shading position is higher than the ambient pressure.
  • the weight of the shading means can be compensated, such that the shading means are at an equilibrium between the non-active position and the active position. Only a small pressure increase due to the heating of the heat expandable medium is then needed to move the shading means.
  • the shutter units have an optional opening and closing mechanism that would allow the system to open or close in cases of emergency (e.g. fire) operated by manual or electrical means.
  • emergency e.g. fire
  • the invention further relates to a building having a facade and a plurality of devices according to the invention, wherein the vessel of each device is arranged in front of the shading means as seen in the direction towards the facade of the building.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment 1 of the device according to the invention.
  • This device 1 has a cylindrical frame 2 with a base 3. On top of the frame 2 a vessel 4 is arranged. Furthermore a number of main rods 5 is hingedly arranged to the frame, which main rods 5 are controlled by control rods 6. A shading cloth 7 is arranged between the main rods 5.
  • Figures 2A and 2B show a cross-sectional view of the device 1 of figure 1 in a non-active, non-shading position ( figure 2A ) and an active, shading position ( figure 2B ).
  • the device 1 has an actuator arranged in the frame 2, which actuator has a cylinder barrel 8 with a closed end 9, a piston 10 movable within the cylinder barrel 8 and a piston rod 11 connected to the movable piston 10. The free end of the piston rod 11 is connected to the control rods 6.
  • the wall of the closed end 9 is integrated and connected with the vessel 4 via a large opening.
  • this end 9 would be closed and connected to the vessel 4 via for example a conduit.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a building 20 according to the invention.
  • This building 20 has a facade 21 which is provided with a plurality of device 1 according to figure 1 .
  • the devices 1 When the facade 21 is illuminated by the sun S, the devices 1 will assume an active position (as shown in figure 2B ). Only where a tree T casts its shadow on the facade, the devices 1 will keep there non-active position (as shown in figure 2A ).
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a building 30 according to the invention.
  • This building 30 is provided over its full outer surface with a plurality of devices 1.
  • the sun S illuminates the building 30, the devices 1 will move towards the active position, except for the devices 1, which are in the shadow of the building B.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the building 20 according to figure 3 during a period of time.
  • the facade 21 is provided with a number of devices 1.
  • the shown period of time starts at 11.00 and ends at 18.00.
  • the facade 21 is fully illuminated by the sun S and all devices 1 are expanded.
  • the sun moves away from the facade 21, such that gradiently less sun shines on the facade 21.
  • the devices 1 will slowly collapse, such that around 18.00, when no sun shines on the facade 21, all devices 1 are in non-active state.
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment 40 of the device according to the invention.
  • This device 40 also has a vessel 41 connected to a cylinder barrel 42 with a movable piston 43 and a connected piston rod 44.
  • the actuator 42, 43, 44 is arranged in a cylindrical frame 44 having a large base 45.
  • This large base 45 is provided with a number of guide rails 46, along which main rods 47 are guided.
  • These main rods 47 are also connected to the piston rod 44.
  • a shading cloth (not shown) can be arranged between the main rods 47.
  • Figures 7A and 7B show a cross-sectional view of the device 40 in a non-active, non-shading position ( figure 7A ) and an active, shading position ( figure 7B ).
  • the advantage of the large base 45 with the guide rails 46, is that the device 40 can withstand high wind loads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Building Awnings And Sunshades (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung (1; 40) zur Bereitstellung von Schatten, welche Vorrichtung (1; 40) umfasst:
    - einen Stellantrieb mit einer Zylinderrohre (8; 42), einen in der Zylinderrohre (8; 42) bewegbaren Kolben (10; 43) und eine mit dem bewegbaren Kolben (10; 43) verbundene Kolbenstange (11; 44); und
    - Beschattungsmittel (7), die zwischen einer aktiven, schattenspendenden Position und einer nicht aktiven, nicht schattenspendenden Position betreibbar sind, wobei die Kolbenstange (11; 44) mit den Beschattungsmitteln (7) verbunden ist, um die Position der Beschattungsmittel (7) zu steuern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die Zylinderrohre (8; 42) eine Zylinderrohre (8; 42) mit einem geschlossenen Ende (9) ist;
    - die Vorrichtung (1; 40) einen mit einem wärmedehnbaren Medium gefüllten Behälter (4; 41) umfasst; und
    - die durch das geschlossene Ende (9) der Zylinderrohre (8; 42) und den bewegbaren Kolben (10; 43) definierte Druckkammer (12) des Stellantriebs in Fluidverbindung mit dem Behälter (4; 41) steht.
  2. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Behälter (4; 41) an dem Stellantrieb benachbart zu der Druckkammer (12) angeordnet ist.
  3. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Beschattungsmittel (7) mindestens ein Beschattungspaneel (7) umfassen, das durch mindestens ein Scharnier scharnierbeweglich mit der Zylinderrohre (8; 42) verbunden ist, und wobei die Kolbenstange (11; 44) in einem Abstand von dem mindestens einen Scharnier mit dem Beschattungspaneel (7) verbunden ist.
  4. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Beschattungspaneel (7) mindestens zwei Hauptstangen (5; 47), die jede mit einem Ende mit dem mindestens einen Scharnier verbunden sind, mindestens zwei Steuerstangen (6), die jede scharnierbeweglich in einem Mittelbereich an einer Hauptstange angeordnet sind, und ein an den mindestens zwei Hauptstangen (5; 47) angeordnetes Beschattungstuch (7) umfasst.
  5. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach Anspruch 4, wobei das Beschattungspaneel (7) schirmartig ist.
  6. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, weiter ein an der Zylinderrohre (8; 42) angeordnetes Gestell (2) umfassend, wobei das Gestell (2) eine Basis (3; 45) aufweist, die am distalen Ende des Behälters (4; 41) angeordnet ist.
  7. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Außenfläche des Behälters (4; 41) mit einer wärmeabsorbierenden Schicht versehen ist.
  8. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Inhalt des Behälters (4; 41) mindestens 10 Mal größer als der Inhalt der Zylinderrohre (8; 42) ist.
  9. Vorrichtung (1; 40) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei in der nicht aktiven, nicht schattenspendenden Position der Druck des wärmedehnbaren Mediums bei Umgebungstemperatur höher als der Umgebungsdruck ist.
  10. Gebäude (20; 30), das eine Fassade (21) und eine Vielzahl von Vorrichtungen (1; 40) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche aufweist, wobei der Behälter (4; 41) jeder Vorrichtung (1; 40) vor dem Beschattungsmittel (7), gesehen in der Richtung zur Fassade (21) des Gebäudes (20; 30), angeordnet ist.
EP14165178.6A 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Vorrichtung zur Beschattung Active EP2933427B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14165178.6A EP2933427B1 (de) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Vorrichtung zur Beschattung
PCT/EP2015/058065 WO2015158709A1 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-04-14 Shading device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14165178.6A EP2933427B1 (de) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Vorrichtung zur Beschattung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2933427A1 EP2933427A1 (de) 2015-10-21
EP2933427B1 true EP2933427B1 (de) 2018-01-10

Family

ID=50549002

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14165178.6A Active EP2933427B1 (de) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Vorrichtung zur Beschattung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2933427B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2015158709A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107676725A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-09 贵州润柏吉科技有限公司 光伏路灯组件
ES2847948A1 (es) * 2020-02-04 2021-08-04 Univ Sevilla Conjunto de acondicionamiento de habitaculos

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PT7066Y (pt) * 1980-02-06 1981-11-26 Herminio Pais De Almeida Visor para adaptar a mascara para soldadura
US4679610A (en) * 1986-01-31 1987-07-14 Mike Spraggins Modular window insert with collapsible shade
US5608995A (en) 1995-08-15 1997-03-11 Borden; Rex M. Solar-actuated fluid window shutter
AU759812B2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2003-05-01 Lance Malcolm Vater Skylight arrangement improvements

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2933427A1 (de) 2015-10-21
WO2015158709A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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